A laser welding device with a weld gap elimination function

Abstract

The application discloses a laser welding device with a weld gap elimination function and belongs to the technical field of laser welding. The device comprises a welding table, a welding mechanism is arranged above the welding table, the welding mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a welding piece is arranged at the bottom center of the mounting plate, positioning pieces are arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate, the positioning pieces comprise positioning frames, contact rollers are rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning frames, a positioning groove is formed in the middle of the welding table, and a gap elimination tool is arranged in the positioning groove. The application positions a workpiece to be welded in a static state through the gap elimination tool, stably compresses the assembly gap of the workpiece, avoids the overall displacement of the workpiece in the welding process, sets the positioning pieces with the contact rollers at the bottom of the mounting plate, realizes the constant relative position of the welding head and the surface of the workpiece through the real-time rolling contact of the contact rollers with the surface of the workpiece, and ensures that the laser welding position is always accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding technology, specifically to a laser welding device with the function of eliminating weld gaps. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a precision welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. Among them, body self-fusion welding is widely used in the processing of parts in fields such as robotics, automobiles, new energy, home appliances and power tools due to its advantages such as good weld quality, no need for filler material and high welding efficiency.

[0003] Currently, in response to the sensitivity of laser autofusion welding to assembly gaps, the industry generally adopts a single tooling for static gap elimination. The rigid clamping of the tooling controls the assembly gap of the workpiece within a certain range, thereby ensuring welding quality.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned existing technologies still have the following drawbacks: by eliminating gaps using only static tooling, it is impossible to avoid the influence of minute displacements caused by equipment or workpieces during the welding process on welding accuracy, which can easily lead to inaccurate weld alignment and unstable penetration depth, making it difficult to achieve high-quality welding of complex three-dimensional welds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser welding device with weld gap elimination function, so as to solve the problem that the small displacement of the equipment or workpiece during the welding process in the prior art affects the welding accuracy, which easily leads to inaccurate weld alignment, unstable penetration depth, and difficulty in achieving high-quality welding of complex three-dimensional welds.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a laser welding device with weld gap elimination function, including a welding table, a welding mechanism for driving the welding mechanism to move is provided above the welding table, the welding mechanism includes a mounting plate, a welding part is provided at the bottom center of the mounting plate, and positioning parts for positioning the welding mechanism are provided on both sides of the bottom of the mounting plate, the positioning parts include positioning frames, the bottom of the positioning frames is rotatably connected to contact rollers, a positioning groove is opened in the middle of the welding table, and a gap elimination tooling for positioning the welding workpiece is provided inside the positioning groove.

[0007] Preferably, an adjusting member for adjusting the distance between the two positioning members is provided between them. The adjusting member includes an adjusting rod, and several push rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the adjusting rod. The several push rods on both sides are rotatably connected to one side of the two positioning frames respectively.

[0008] Preferably, a limiting sleeve is fitted onto one end of the push rod, the limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a plurality of limiting blocks are fixedly connected inside the limiting sleeve, a plurality of limiting grooves are opened on the outer wall of the push rod, the limiting blocks are slidably connected to the limiting grooves, a threaded rod is rotatably connected to one end of the push rod, the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and an adjustment knob is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod.

[0009] Preferably, the welded component includes a substrate, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the substrate, a welding head is installed inside the mounting bracket, the top of the substrate is slidably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, a vibrating element for driving the substrate to vibrate is provided on one side of the substrate, the vibrating element includes a vibration motor, a vibration cam is fixedly connected to the output end of the vibration motor; one side of the vibration cam is in close contact with the substrate, and a reset spring is fixedly connected to the other side of the substrate.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the contact roller is provided to form a pointed cone, and a contact ball is rotatably connected to the end of the pointed cone.

[0011] Preferably, the contact roller is divided into two sections. One section of the contact roller has a movable cavity inside, and a pressure sensor is fixedly installed on one end of the inner wall of the movable cavity. The other section of the contact roller is fixedly connected to a movable rod at one end, and a reset spring is provided between the movable rod and the output end of the pressure sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the backlash elimination fixture includes a base plate, and a clamping and limiting component and a pin limiting component for locking and limiting the workpiece to be welded are provided above the base plate; The clamping and limiting assembly includes an upper limit member and a lower limit member for limiting the workpiece on the upper and lower sides, and an end clamping member for limiting the end of the workpiece; the pin limiting assembly includes an end positioning member for positioning the end of the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting block is provided at one end of the base plate, and positioning claws are provided on both sides of the mounting block. One edge of the positioning claw is bent, and the middle part of the positioning claw is fixedly connected to the mounting block by a mounting bolt.

[0014] Preferably, the upper limit component includes an upper pressure plate, an upper pressure screw is rotatably mounted on the middle of the upper pressure plate, the bottom of the upper pressure screw is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting block, and an upper pressure lever is fixedly connected to the top of the upper pressure screw; the lower limit component includes a lower pressure screw, the lower pressure screw is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the base plate, and a contact ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressure screw.

[0015] Preferably, the end clamping member includes a positioning shaft, the bottom of which is threaded to the base plate, a rotating eccentric cam is fixedly connected to the middle of the positioning shaft, and a clamping force rod is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the end positioning component includes an end backlash elimination screw, which is threadedly connected to the other end of the base plate, and a floating sleeve is rotatably installed at one end of the end backlash elimination screw; the base plate has an insertion groove at one end near the end backlash elimination screw, and an directional block is engaged inside the insertion groove.

[0017] Preferably, a central clamping member is provided in the middle of the seat plate. The central clamping member includes two parallel central bolts. The bottom of both central bolts is threaded to the top of the seat plate. A central pressure plate is slidably sleeved on the top of one of the central bolts, and a push spring is sleeved in the middle of the central bolt. A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on one side of the central pressure plate, and one end of the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​groove is engaged with the other central bolt.

[0018] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving frame, a robotic arm is fixedly mounted on the top of the driving frame, and the output end of the robotic arm is fixedly connected to the welding mechanism.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This invention uses a gap-eliminating fixture in the middle of the welding table to statically position the workpiece to be welded, thereby stabilizing and compressing the assembly gap of the workpiece from the source and preventing overall displacement of the workpiece during welding. Furthermore, by setting positioning components with contact rollers on both sides of the bottom of the mounting plate, the real-time rolling contact between the contact rollers and the workpiece surface is used to mechanically achieve a constant relative position between the welding head and the workpiece surface. This effectively reduces the positioning drift of the welding mechanism and the flatness tolerance of the workpiece, and dynamically follows the changes in the state of the workpiece during the welding process, ensuring accurate laser welding position. The positioning components of the welding mechanism of this invention achieve synchronous adjustment of two positioning components through an adjustment mechanism, which significantly improves positioning accuracy and adjustment efficiency; the functionality and reliability of the contact roller are improved by utilizing the pointed cone avoidance and built-in pressure detection structure on the contact roller; furthermore, this invention drives the welding head to vibrate at high frequency and small amplitude, which is equivalent to the beam oscillation effect, improves the fluidity of the molten pool, reduces the incidence of porosity and crack defects, and effectively improves the welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the welding equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the welding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjusting component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating element of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the contact roller of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the backlash elimination tooling of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the backlash elimination tooling of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the backlash elimination tooling of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the end clamping component of the backlash elimination tooling of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece welded by the gap-eliminating tooling of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 101. Welding table; 102. Drive frame; 103. Robotic arm; 104. Positioning groove; 201. Mounting plate; 202. Base plate; 203. Welding head; 204. Positioning frame; 205. Contact roller; 206. Adjusting rod; 207. Adjusting knob; 208. Push rod; 209. Movable rod; 210. Pressure sensor; 211. Reset spring; 212. Vibrating cam; 213. Limiting sleeve; 301. Seat plate; 30 2. Mounting block; 303. Positioning claw; 304. Upper pressure plate; 305. Upper pressure screw; 306. Upper pressure lever; 307. Lower pressure screw; 308. Positioning shaft; 309. Rotary eccentric cam; 310. Clamping lever; 311. End backlash elimination screw; 312. Floating sleeve; 313. Orienting block; 314. Center bolt; 315. Center pressure plate; 316. Push spring; 317. Sub-component one; 318. Sub-component two. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 Existing technologies rely solely on a single tooling for static gap elimination, which cannot compensate for workpiece flatness fluctuations and minute displacements during welding. This results in inaccurate weld alignment and unstable penetration depth, making it difficult to weld complex three-dimensional welds and failing to meet the requirements of high-precision product manufacturing.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 5In this embodiment, a laser welding device with weld gap elimination function includes a welding table 101. A welding mechanism and a driving mechanism for driving the welding mechanism to move are arranged above the welding table 101. The specific structure of the driving mechanism is implemented with reference to existing technology. The welding mechanism includes a mounting plate 201. A welding part is arranged at the bottom center of the mounting plate 201. Positioning parts for positioning the welding mechanism are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the mounting plate 201. The positioning parts include a positioning frame 204. A contact roller 205 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning frame 204. A positioning groove 104 is opened in the middle of the welding table 101. A gap elimination tool for positioning the welding workpiece is arranged inside the positioning groove 104. The driving mechanism includes a driving frame 102. A robotic arm 103 is fixedly installed on the top of the driving frame 102. The output end of the robotic arm 103 is fixedly connected to the welding mechanism. The specific structure of the robotic arm 103 is implemented with reference to existing technology.

[0025] Working principle: In this embodiment, the outer wall of the contact roller 205 is used to maintain contact with the workpiece and to position the welding head 203 during the welding process to ensure accurate laser welding position. The gap elimination fixture is used to position the workpiece to be welded, and the welding gap is eliminated by both aspects. The robotic arm 103 drives the welding mechanism to complete the welding motion of complex trajectory. It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the gap control system that combines static gap-eliminating tooling with dynamic follow-up positioning components. This system not only directly compresses the workpiece assembly gap, but also utilizes the contact feedback between the positioning components and the workpiece during the welding process to adjust the posture of the welder, follow the changes in the workpiece state, and achieve the welding of complex welds, thus completely solving the problem of gap sensitivity in laser autofusion welding.

[0026] It should be noted that the contact roller 205 adopts a rotating design to maintain contact with the outer wall of the workpiece during the welding process, so as to keep the relative position of the welding head 203 and the workpiece surface constant, which can compensate for the positioning drift of the robot and the flatness tolerance of the workpiece.

[0027] It should be noted that the overall structure adopts a modular design, and the backlash elimination tooling and positioning components can be quickly replaced according to different workpieces to adapt to the welding processing of the vast majority of workpieces.

[0028] Example 2 It is understandable that in Embodiment 1, if the distance between the two positioning components is fixed, it is difficult to adapt to the welding needs of various workpieces, and direct replacement is too costly. If it is movable, rotation and loosening are likely to occur, resulting in unstable contact pressure, reduced centering accuracy, and affecting welding quality.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 4To solve the above problems, an adjusting component for adjusting the distance between the two positioning components is provided. The adjusting component includes an adjusting rod 206, with several push rods 208 rotatably connected to both sides of the adjusting rod 206. The push rods 208 on both sides are rotatably connected to one side of the two positioning frames 204 respectively. A limiting sleeve 213 is fitted onto one end of the push rod 208. The limiting sleeve 213 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 201. Several limiting blocks are fixedly connected inside the limiting sleeve 213. Several limiting grooves are opened on the outer wall of the push rod 208. The limiting blocks are slidably connected to the limiting grooves. A threaded rod is rotatably connected to one end of the push rod 208. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 213. An adjusting knob 207 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod.

[0030] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment is that the two positioning components are adjusted synchronously and equidistantly by adjusting rod 206, the rotation and deflection of push rod 208 are restricted by limit block, and the screw locking is used to make the position of the positioning component stable after adjustment. It will not loosen under welding vibration and impact, which significantly improves positioning accuracy and stability.

[0031] It should be noted that the force amplification effect of the linkage structure formed by the push rod 208 and the adjusting rod 206 means that only a small adjusting force is needed to achieve reliable contact between the contact roller 205 and the workpiece, and the contact pressure is evenly distributed on the two contact rollers 205, so that the workpiece will not be pushed excessively and displaced.

[0032] Example 3 It is understandable that in Embodiment 2, although the adjustment and locking problems of the positioning component are solved, the contact roller 205 itself can only achieve unidirectional limiting, cannot compensate for the lateral misalignment of the workpiece, and is prone to interference with the welding pool, damaging the weld formation. At the same time, it cannot detect the contact pressure in real time, and when the pressure is abnormal, it will cause fluctuations in the defocusing amount, or even the situation of positioning failure and empty laser.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 To solve the above problems, one end of the contact roller 205 is provided to form a pointed cone, and a contact ball is rotatably connected to the end of the pointed cone. The contact roller 205 is divided into two sections. One section of the contact roller 205 has a movable cavity inside, and a pressure sensor 210 is fixedly installed on one end of the inner wall of the movable cavity. One end of the other section of the contact roller 205 is fixedly connected to a movable rod 209, and a reset spring is provided between the movable rod 209 and the output end of the pressure sensor 210.

[0034] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the following: a pointed cone structure is provided at the upper end of the contact roller 205. On the one hand, the pointed cone can naturally avoid the welding pool, preventing the contact roller 205 from directly contacting the molten pool and causing damage to the flatness and integrity of the pool. On the other hand, the small contact area between the pointed cone and the workpiece can reduce the frictional resistance of the movement. Furthermore, the built-in pressure sensor 210 is used to detect the change in contact pressure in real time. The changes in the readings of the pressure sensors 210 inside the contact rollers 205 on both sides can indirectly reflect whether the welding head 203 has tilted or deflected, so as to make real-time corrections.

[0035] It should be noted that the contact balls are made of hard alloy material, which has low wear, long service life, and can avoid scratching the workpiece surface by friction; the pointed cone and the contact roller 205 body are integrated into one design, with high structural strength and can withstand greater contact pressure.

[0036] Example 4 It is understandable that in the first embodiment, the laser energy of the traditional laser welding equipment is concentrated in the center, which easily leads to a nail-shaped molten pool. If the gap is slightly large, it will result in weld penetration or failure to fuse. In addition, the static molten pool has poor fluidity, and there are many defects such as pores and cracks, which seriously affect the mechanical properties of the weld.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 To solve the above problems, the welding component includes a substrate 202. A mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the substrate 202. A welding head 203 is installed inside the mounting bracket. The top of the substrate 202 is slidably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 201. A vibrating element for driving the substrate 202 to vibrate is provided on one side of the substrate 202. The vibrating element includes a vibration motor. A vibration cam 212 is fixedly connected to the output end of the vibration motor. One side of the vibration cam 212 is in close contact with the substrate 202. A reset spring 211 is fixedly connected to the other side of the substrate 202.

[0038] It should be emphasized that this embodiment is an independent improvement direction parallel to the positioning component. The core improvement lies in driving the entire welding head 203 to vibrate at high frequency and small amplitude, which is equivalent to realizing the beam oscillation. No optical components inside the welding head 203 need to be modified. This expands the width of the molten pool, and the oscillation of the laser beam changes the concentration point of heating, thereby stirring the molten pool, promoting gas escape, reducing porosity and crack tendency, and improving the tensile strength of the weld. This embodiment can be used alone in combination with Embodiment 1, or in combination with the complete positioning component of Embodiment 3, so that the oscillation range of the beam can be stably constrained near the weld, forming a better overall solution.

[0039] It should be noted that, such as Figure XThe vibration parameters of the basic welding head 203 can be adjusted by replacing the cams of different specifications to adapt to different welding requirements.

[0040] It should be noted that the combined structure of the vibration cam 212 and the reset spring 211 can ensure that the vibration trajectory is a straight line, the amplitude is stable and controllable, and the coaxiality error of the welding head 203 is small during the vibration process, which will not affect the laser focusing accuracy.

[0041] Example 5 It is understandable that in Example 1, if the gap-eliminating fixture directly adopts the existing conventional simple positioning fixture, which only uses a single-direction limiting method, it cannot fully constrain the workpiece. During the welding process, the workpiece is prone to displacement, warping, or gap opening, resulting in unstable welding quality.

[0042] like Figures 6 to 10 To address the aforementioned issues, based on Embodiment 1, the backlash elimination fixture includes a base plate 301. Above the base plate 301 are a clamping and limiting assembly and a pin limiting assembly for locking and limiting the workpiece to be welded. The clamping and limiting assembly includes an upper limiting component and a lower limiting component for limiting the workpiece on its upper and lower sides, and an end clamping component for limiting the workpiece at its end. The pin limiting assembly includes an end positioning component for positioning the end of the workpiece. A mounting block 302 is provided at one end of the base plate 301. Positioning claws 303 are provided on both sides of the mounting block 302. One edge of each positioning claw 303 is bent, and the middle of the positioning claw 303 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 302 via mounting bolts. The upper limit component includes an upper pressure plate 304, with an upper pressure screw 305 rotatably mounted in the middle of the upper pressure plate 304. The bottom of the upper pressure screw 305 is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting block 302, and an upper pressure lever 306 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper pressure screw 305. The lower limit component includes a lower pressure screw 307, which is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the base plate 301. A contact ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressure screw. The end clamping component includes a positioning shaft 308, with the bottom of the positioning shaft 308 threadedly connected to the base plate 301. A rotary eccentric cam 309 is fixedly connected to the middle of the positioning shaft 308, and a clamping lever 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning shaft 308. The end positioning component includes an end backlash-eliminating screw 311, which is threadedly connected to the other end of the base plate 301. A floating sleeve 312 is rotatably installed on one end of the end backlash-eliminating screw 311. A insertion groove is provided on one end of the base plate 301 near the end backlash-eliminating screw 311, and a directional block 313 is engaged inside the insertion groove. A central clamping component is provided in the middle of the base plate 301. The central clamping component includes two parallel central bolts 314. The bottom of both central bolts 314 is threadedly connected to the top of the base plate 301. A central pressure plate 315 is slidably sleeved on the top of one of the central bolts 314, and a push spring 316 is sleeved in the middle of the central bolt 314. A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on one side of the central pressure plate 315, and one end of the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​groove is engaged with the other central bolt 314.

[0043] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the construction of a multi-point clamping and end positioning combined with a multi-directional limiting tooling system, which comprehensively constrains the three degrees of freedom of the workpiece, and stably compresses the assembly gap and misalignment to a very small range.

[0044] It should be noted that the clamping limit assembly and the pin limit assembly are independent of each other and can be adjusted separately to adapt to workpieces of different shapes and sizes.

[0045] To facilitate the reader's understanding of this application, this embodiment is described in conjunction with the shape of the workpiece to be welded. In this embodiment, the workpiece to be welded includes sub-part 317 and sub-part 318. Sub-part 317 is a thin-walled part with a U-shaped cross-section, and sub-part 318 is a thin-walled tubular part with pin holes at one end. It is now necessary to weld one end face of the outer wall of sub-part 317 to one end face of sub-part 318. When welding such workpieces, they have the following characteristics: First, thin-walled parts are prone to thermal deformation and stress deformation, requiring high stability of tooling clamping; Second, their weld is arc-shaped and perpendicular to the length direction of the workpiece, thus requiring high motion control of the welding mechanism. If motion deviation occurs, it will cause the weld to shift. The clearance-eliminating fixture of this application first positions and limits the second sub-part 318 by using the V-groove on the base, and then positions and limits the first sub-part 317 by using the gap between the mounting block 302 and the positioning claw 303. Then, it is fixed by rotating the upper pressure bolt, which moves the upper pressure plate 304 downward to fix the first sub-part 317 from above. Next, rotating the lower pressure bolt causes the contact ball head to push and limit the first sub-part 317 from the bottom. Finally, rotating the positioning shaft 308 drives the eccentric cam 30 to rotate. The ends of the first sub-part 317 are pressed together, thereby fixing the first sub-part 317 in conjunction with the positioning claw 303; then the center pressure plate 315 is rotated so that the snap-fit ​​groove engages with the center bolt 314. The two center bolts 314 are rotated synchronously to press the second sub-part 318 above. Then the end clearance-eliminating screw 311 is rotated to drive the floating sleeve 312 forward to position the end of the second sub-part 318. Finally, the positioning block is inserted from below the insertion groove to complete the installation of the two workpieces.

[0046] Note that during the welding process by the welding mechanism, the positioning component is in the following working state: the outer wall of the contact roller 205 is in contact with the outer wall of the second sub-component 318, the pointed tip of the contact roller 205 is in contact with the end face of the first sub-component 317, and the welding mechanism is driven by the robotic arm 103 to rotate around the weld. During the rotation, the positioning component keeps the distance between the welding head 203 and the weld stable.

[0047] The working principle of this device is as follows: First, the workpiece to be welded is placed on the gap-eliminating fixture in the positioning groove 104 in the middle of the welding table 101 as described above, which will not be repeated here. Then, welding preparation is carried out. According to the width of the workpiece, the adjustment knob 207 is turned to drive the threaded rod to rotate, which pushes the push rod 208 to move linearly. Through the adjustment rod 206 and the push rod 208, the positioning frames 204 on both sides are moved synchronously, and the distance between the two positioning components is adjusted so that the contact roller 205 is in reliable contact with the surface of the workpiece. Then, the robotic arm 103 drives the welding mechanism to move to the starting position of the weld, so that the two contact rollers 205 on both sides contact the corresponding surfaces of the workpiece respectively. The pointed cone at the end of the contact roller 205 naturally avoids the weld pool area, and the contact ball at the end of the pointed cone contacts the end face of the workpiece to achieve horizontal limiting. The movable rod 209 inside the contact roller 205 compresses the return spring under the action of contact pressure, and transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor 210 to detect whether the contact pressure of the two contact rollers 205 is the same and within the normal range. After welding begins, the robotic arm 103 drives the welding mechanism to move along the preset weld seam trajectory. The contact roller 205 rolls with the workpiece surface to keep the relative position of the welding head 203 and the workpiece surface constant in a mechanical positioning manner. During the movement along the length of the weld seam, the vibration motor drives the vibration cam 212 to rotate, which, together with the reset spring 211, drives the base plate 202 and the welding head 203 mounted on it to perform high-frequency small-amplitude linear vibration, thereby realizing beam oscillation and improving welding uniformity. During the welding process, the pressure sensor 210 detects the change in contact pressure between the contact roller 205 and the workpiece in real time. When the pressure is abnormal, it is fed back to the control system, which adjusts the position of the welding head 203 by the robotic arm 103 to ensure the stability of the focus. The contact roller 205 moves synchronously with the welding mechanism to continuously maintain the accurate relative position of the welding head 203 and the weld until the welding of the entire weld is completed. After welding is completed, the robotic arm 103 drives the welding mechanism away from the workpiece, and sequentially releases the center clamping part, end positioning part, end clamping part and upper and lower limit parts on the backlash elimination fixture, and takes out the welded workpiece.

[0048] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed application.

Claims

1. A laser welding device with weld gap elimination function, characterized in that, The system includes a welding table (101), above which is a welding mechanism for driving the welding mechanism to move. The welding mechanism includes a mounting plate (201), with a welding component at the bottom center of the mounting plate (201). Positioning components for positioning the welding mechanism are provided on both sides of the bottom of the mounting plate (201). The positioning component includes a positioning frame (204), with a contact roller (205) rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning frame (204). A positioning groove (104) is provided in the middle of the welding table (101), and a gap-eliminating fixture for positioning the welding workpiece is provided inside the positioning groove (104).

2. The laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An adjusting member for adjusting the distance between the two positioning members is provided between them. The adjusting member includes an adjusting rod (206). Several push rods (208) are rotatably connected to both sides of the adjusting rod (206). The several push rods (208) on both sides are rotatably connected to one side of the two positioning frames (204).

3. The laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the push rod (208) is fitted with a limiting sleeve (213), and several limiting blocks are fixedly connected inside the limiting sleeve (213). Several limiting grooves are opened on the outer wall of the push rod (208). The limiting blocks are slidably connected to the limiting grooves. One end of the push rod (208) is rotatably connected with a threaded rod. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting sleeve (213). One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with an adjustment knob (207).

4. The laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The welding component includes a substrate (202), a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the substrate (202), a welding head (203) is installed inside the mounting bracket, the top of the substrate (202) is slidably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (201), a vibrating element for driving the substrate (202) to vibrate is provided on one side of the substrate (202), the vibrating element includes a vibration motor, a vibration cam (212) is fixedly connected to the output end of the vibration motor; one side of the vibration cam (212) is in close contact with the substrate (202), and a reset spring (211) is fixedly connected to the other side of the substrate (202).

5. The laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The contact roller (205) is divided into two sections. One section of the contact roller (205) has an open movable cavity inside. A pressure sensor (210) is fixedly installed on one end of the inner wall of the movable cavity. The other section of the contact roller (205) has a fixedly connected movable rod (209) at one end. A reset spring is provided between the movable rod (209) and the output end of the pressure sensor (210).

6. The laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The backlash elimination fixture includes a base plate (301), and a clamping and limiting assembly and a pin limiting assembly for locking and limiting the workpiece to be welded are provided on the upper part of the base plate (301); The clamping and limiting assembly includes an upper limit member and a lower limit member for limiting the workpiece on the upper and lower sides, and an end clamping member for limiting the end of the workpiece; the pin limiting assembly includes an end positioning member for positioning the end of the workpiece.

7. A laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the base plate (301) is provided with a mounting block (302), and both sides of the mounting block (302) are provided with positioning claws (303). One side edge of the positioning claw (303) is bent, and the middle part of the positioning claw (303) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (302) by a mounting bolt.

8. A laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The upper limit component includes an upper pressure plate (304), an upper pressure screw (305) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the upper pressure plate (304), the bottom of the upper pressure screw (305) is rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting block (302), and an upper pressure lever (306) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper pressure screw (305); the lower limit component includes a lower pressure screw (307), the lower pressure screw (307) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the seat plate (301), and a contact ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressure screw.

9. A laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The end clamping component includes a positioning shaft (308), the bottom of which is threaded to the seat plate (301), a rotating eccentric cam (309) is fixedly connected to the middle of the positioning shaft (308), and a clamping force rod (310) is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning shaft (308).

10. A laser welding apparatus with weld gap elimination function as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The end positioning component includes an end backlash elimination screw (311), which is threaded to the other end of the base plate (301). A floating sleeve (312) is rotatably installed at one end of the end backlash elimination screw (311). A insertion groove is provided at one end of the base plate (301) near the end backlash elimination screw (311), and an orientation block (313) is engaged inside the insertion groove.

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