Automatic production line for large-size bolts

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of bolt manufacturing, and particularly relates to a large-specification bolt automatic production line, comprising a numerical control sawing machine, a sorting mechanism, a three-dimensional transfer feeding mechanism, an induction heating mechanism, a scale removal mechanism, a hot forging mechanism, a conveying and transferring mechanism and a chamfering machine arranged in sequence. By integrating each process in the same plane, the automatic connection of the whole process of the large-specification bolt from blanking, sorting, heating to scale removal is realized, manual handling and secondary feeding are avoided, and the production efficiency and safety are significantly improved; a double-path parallel second chain conveyor is used in cooperation with a transverse and longitudinal truss mechanical hand to realize multi-path three-dimensional feeding, effectively match the beat of multiple induction heating furnaces, and improve the equipment utilization rate; the sorting mechanism automatically removes defective products to prevent unqualified products from entering subsequent high-energy-consumption processes, save energy and protect equipment; the overall structure is compact and smooth, and solves the problems of existing production line process dispersion, low efficiency and scale removal difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bolt manufacturing technology, specifically relating to an automated production line for large-size bolts. Background Technology

[0002] Large-size, high-strength bolts (such as M80 and above) are widely used in key fields such as wind power, construction machinery, bridge steel structures, nuclear power, and heavy equipment. They are core basic components that bear high torque and high fatigue loads, and their manufacturing precision, production efficiency, and quality stability directly affect the safety and reliability of the entire equipment. Large-size bolts are usually manufactured using hot forging processes, and their production process generally includes multiple steps such as bar blanking, induction heating, oxide scale removal, hot forging, and chamfering.

[0003] Currently, the production of large-size bolts generally adopts a multi-stage, decentralized manufacturing model with manual assistance as the main method. Each stage involves independent equipment, and workpieces require manual handling for transfer, hoisting, and secondary loading between stages. This production method has the following drawbacks: The lack of effective automation between processes means that the flow of workpieces from blanking to heating and from heating to forging relies on manual handling. This not only results in a long and inefficient production process, but also poses significant safety hazards due to the large size and weight of the bolts, making manual handling extremely labor-intensive and posing risks such as burns and injuries. Continuous and stable production is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, the lack of automated sorting means means that substandard products may be mixed into subsequent heating and forging processes after blanking, leading to energy waste, equipment damage, and affecting the consistency of the final product quality.

[0004] During the transfer of workpieces from the unloading station to the heating station, existing transfer methods are mostly linear conveying on a single plane. The transfer path is singular and cannot achieve multi-path parallel feeding, resulting in long waiting times and low equipment utilization at the heating station. When multiple induction heating furnaces are configured to increase production capacity, the lack of a three-dimensional transfer mechanism that can simultaneously serve multiple conveying lines makes it difficult to match the cycle time of the heating process with the preceding and following processes, thus restricting the improvement of the overall production line capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide an automated production line for large-size bolts, which to a certain extent solves the problems of low workpiece turnover efficiency, insufficient utilization of heating stations, and inability to effectively remove oxide scale online after heating in the existing production of large-size bolts due to the decentralized and independent nature of each process and the lack of automated connection.

[0006] This application provides an automated production line for large-size bolts, including a CNC saw, a sorting mechanism, a three-dimensional transfer and feeding mechanism, an induction heating mechanism, a descaling mechanism, a hot forging mechanism, a conveying and transfer mechanism, and a chamfering machine arranged in sequence; The sorting mechanism includes a first chain conveyor, a defective product collection box disposed on one side of the first chain conveyor, and a linear actuator disposed on the other side of the first chain conveyor. The three-dimensional transfer and feeding mechanism includes two parallel second chain conveyors and a transverse gantry manipulator spanning the two second chain conveyors. The transverse gantry manipulator is used to transfer workpieces from the first chain conveyor to the second chain conveyor. The induction heating mechanism includes two longitudinal truss manipulators corresponding to the two second chain conveyors, and multiple induction heating furnaces arranged longitudinally on both sides of the two longitudinal truss manipulators. The longitudinal truss manipulators extend above the descaling mechanism.

[0007] Optionally, the descaling mechanism includes a descaling cleaning assembly, a chain conveying assembly, and a guiding assembly. The chain conveying assembly is used to convey the heated workpiece through the descaling cleaning assembly. The guiding assembly includes two relatively distributed inclined guide plates. The conveying chain of the chain conveying assembly is located below the gap between the two guide plates. The inclined guide plates are used to guide the heated workpiece to the chain conveying assembly.

[0008] Optionally, the oxide scale cleaning assembly includes a water tank, a support frame disposed on the water tank, a cover disposed on the support frame, a water spray component disposed in the cover and spanning the chain conveyor assembly, and a water pump connected to the water tank. The outlet end of the water pump is connected to the water spray component through a connecting pipe. The chain conveyor assembly is disposed inside the support frame, and the support frame is a four-sided enclosed structure.

[0009] Optionally, the water spray component includes a U-shaped hollow body and a plurality of nozzles disposed on the side of the U-shaped hollow body facing the workpiece.

[0010] Optionally, the water tank includes a tank body and a cover plate disposed on the top of the tank body. The cover plate has an opening communicating with the interior of the water tank. A filter screen is disposed in the opening. An overflow plate is disposed around the opening. The portion of the cover plate located below the support frame has an inclined surface, which is used to guide the water flow to the opening.

[0011] Optionally, the chain conveyor assembly includes a bracket arranged along the support frame, a plurality of conveyor wheels continuously arranged along the bracket, a sprocket coaxially connected to the conveyor wheels, a transmission chain connected to the sprocket, and a drive motor connected to one of the sprockets, wherein the diameter of the conveyor wheel continuously increases from its axial midpoint to both ends.

[0012] Optionally, the hot forging mechanism includes a hot forging machine and two transfer joint robots disposed on the side of the hot forging machine. Each transfer joint robot is equipped with a clamp. One transfer joint robot is used to transfer the workpiece from the descaling mechanism to the hot forging machine, and the other transfer joint robot is used to transfer the workpiece from the hot forging machine to the conveying and transferring mechanism.

[0013] Optionally, the conveying and transfer mechanism includes a transfer chain conveyor and a loading gantry robot. The transfer chain conveyor has multiple V-shaped support plates evenly spaced on its conveyor chain. The V-shaped support plates are used to place workpieces. The loading gantry robot is used to transfer workpieces from the transfer chain conveyor to the chamfering machine. A discharge joint robot is provided on one side of the chamfering machine.

[0014] Optionally, the sorting mechanism further includes a blocking assembly, which includes a base fixed to one side of the first chain conveyor, an electric cylinder disposed on the base, a guide rail pair disposed on the base and perpendicular to the first chain conveyor, a blocking member disposed on the slider of the guide rail pair and connected to the actuating end of the electric cylinder, and a photoelectric sensor embedded on the side of the blocking member facing the direction in which the workpiece is transported; the linear actuator includes a cylinder and a push plate disposed at the end of the push rod of the cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the top surfaces of the first chain plate of the first chain conveyor and the second chain plate of the second chain conveyor are arranged in a structure where the middle belt gradually increases on both sides, and the ends of the first chain conveyor and the second chain conveyor are respectively provided with a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are that by integrating various processes onto the same work surface, the entire process of large-size bolts from unloading, sorting, heating to descaling is automated, avoiding manual handling and secondary loading, and significantly improving production efficiency and safety; the use of a dual-path parallel second chain conveyor in conjunction with transverse and longitudinal gantry robots enables multi-path three-dimensional feeding, effectively matching the cycle time of multiple induction heating furnaces and improving equipment utilization; the sorting mechanism automatically rejects defective products, preventing unqualified parts from entering subsequent high-energy-consuming processes, saving energy and protecting equipment; the overall structure is compact and the flow is smooth, solving the problems of dispersed processes, low efficiency, and difficult descaling in existing production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automated production line for large-size bolts provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the descaling mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of area A in the image; Figure 4 This is a side view of the descaling mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of area B in the image; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of area C in the image; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second chain conveyor provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second chain plate provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] In the diagram: 100, CNC sawing machine; 200, sorting mechanism; 210, first chain conveyor; 211, first chain plate; 212, first proximity switch; 220, defective product collection box; 230, linear actuator; 231, cylinder; 232, push plate; 240, blocking assembly; 241, base; 242, electric cylinder; 243, guide rail pair; 244, blocking component; 245, photoelectric sensor; 250, guide plate; 300, three-dimensional transfer feeding mechanism; 310, second chain conveyor; 311, second chain plate; 312, second proximity switch; 320, transverse gantry robot; 400, induction heating mechanism; 410, longitudinal gantry robot; 420, induction heating furnace; 500, descaling mechanism; 510. Oxide scale cleaning assembly; 511. Water tank; 5111. Tank body; 5112. Cover plate; 5113. Filter screen; 5114. Overflow plate; 512. Support frame; 513. Cover; 514. Water spray component; 5141. U-shaped hollow body; 5142. Nozzle; 515. Water pump; 520. Chain conveyor assembly; 521. Bracket; 522. Conveyor wheel; 523. Sprocket; 524. Transmission chain; 525. Drive motor; 531. Inclined guide plate; 600. Hot forging mechanism; 610. Hot forging machine; 620. Transfer articulated robot; 700. Conveying and transferring mechanism; 710. Transfer chain conveyor; 720. Loading gantry robot; 800. Chamfering machine; 900. Unloading articulated robot. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] like Figure 1-9As shown, the large-size bolt automated production line provided in this application includes a CNC sawing machine 100, a sorting mechanism 200, a three-dimensional transfer feeding mechanism 300, an induction heating mechanism 400, an oxide scale removal mechanism 500, a hot forging mechanism 600, a conveying and transfer mechanism 700, and a chamfering machine 800 arranged in sequence. The sorting mechanism 200 includes a first chain conveyor 210, a defective product collection box 220 disposed on one side of the first chain conveyor 210, and a linear actuator 230 disposed on the other side of the first chain conveyor 210. The three-dimensional transfer and feeding mechanism 300 includes two parallel second chain conveyors 310 and a transverse gantry manipulator 320 spanning the two second chain conveyors 310. The transverse gantry manipulator 320 is used to transfer workpieces on the first chain conveyor 210 to the second chain conveyor 310. The induction heating mechanism 400 includes two longitudinal truss manipulators 410 corresponding to two second chain conveyors 310 respectively, and multiple longitudinally arranged induction heating furnaces 420 disposed on both sides of the two longitudinal truss manipulators 410. The longitudinal truss manipulators 410 extend above the descaling mechanism 500.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the large-size bolt automated production line provided in this application integrates a CNC sawing machine 100, a sorting mechanism 200, a three-dimensional transfer feeding mechanism 300, an induction heating mechanism 400, a descaling mechanism 500, a hot forging mechanism 600, a conveying and transfer mechanism 700, and a chamfering machine 800 sequentially on the same working surface, thus constructing a fully automated production line for large-size bolts. During operation, the CNC sawing machine 100 completes fixed-length cutting of the bar stock, and after detection by a matching encoder and photoelectric switch, the first chain conveyor 210 sends the workpiece into the sorting mechanism 200. A linear actuator 230, in conjunction with a defective product collection box 220, automatically rejects substandard products, while qualified products are sorted. The workpiece is transferred three-dimensionally from the first chain conveyor 210 to two parallel second chain conveyors 310 via the transverse gantry robot 320. Then, the longitudinal gantry robot 410 grabs the workpiece and feeds it into multiple induction heating furnaces 420 on both sides for heating. After heating, the longitudinal gantry robot 410 directly transfers the workpiece to the descaling mechanism 500 for further processing. This achieves seamless automated connection from unloading, sorting, multi-path parallel heating to descaling, avoiding manual handling and secondary loading, significantly improving production cycle and equipment utilization. At the same time, the dual-path parallel feeding structure matches the capacity requirements of multiple heating furnaces, solving the bottleneck problem of single-line feeding efficiency.

[0022] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the descaling mechanism 500 includes a descaling assembly 510, a chain conveyor assembly 520, and a guide assembly. The chain conveyor assembly 520 is used to convey the heated workpiece through the descaling assembly 510. The guide assembly includes two oppositely distributed inclined guide plates 531. The conveyor chain of the chain conveyor assembly 520 is located below the gap between the two guide plates. The inclined guide plates 531 are used to guide the heated workpiece to the chain conveyor assembly 520.

[0023] Specifically, during operation, after the high-temperature workpiece is released from the longitudinal truss robot 410, it slides naturally down the inclined guide plate 531 under the action of gravity and is precisely guided onto the conveyor chain of the chain conveyor assembly 520. Subsequently, the conveyor chain drives the workpiece to pass through the oxide scale cleaning assembly 510 at a uniform speed to complete the surface cleaning. This implementation method uses the inclined guide plate 531 to achieve a flexible, unpowered transition of the high-temperature workpiece from the robot to the cleaning station, avoiding damage to the workpiece surface caused by rigid collisions. At the same time, it ensures that the workpiece falls accurately into the effective bearing area of ​​the conveyor chain, preventing deviation or jamming, and ensuring a smooth connection between the oxide scale removal process and the upstream heating process.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the oxide scale cleaning assembly 510 includes a water tank 511, a support frame 512 disposed on the water tank 511, a cover 513 disposed on the support frame 512, a water spray component 514 disposed within the cover 513 and spanning the conveyor chain of the chain conveyor assembly 520, and a water pump 515 connected to the water tank 511. The outlet end of the water pump 515 is connected to the water spray component 514 through a connecting pipe. The chain conveyor assembly 520 is disposed within the support frame 512, which has a four-sided enclosed structure.

[0025] Specifically, the chain conveyor assembly 520 is placed inside the support frame 512, and the water spray component 514 is installed across the conveyor chain inside the cover 513. The water pump 515 supplies water to the water spray component 514 through the connecting pipe. The water tank 511 is connected to the bottom of the support frame 512 to form a closed circulating water circuit. During operation, high-pressure water flows through the water spray component 514 and sprays downward to wash away the oxide scale on the surface of the workpiece. The washing wastewater and the oxide scale debris are effectively intercepted by the surrounding walls of the support frame 512 and guided back to the water tank 511, preventing water mist and impurities from overflowing and polluting the workshop environment. The fully enclosed structure realizes the closed operation of the cleaning process, which not only protects the operators from being scalded by high-temperature water mist, but also realizes the centralized recycling and reuse of cleaning water, reducing water consumption and production site cleaning and maintenance costs.

[0026] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the water spray component 514 includes a U-shaped hollow body 5141 and a plurality of nozzles 5142 disposed on the side of the U-shaped hollow body 5141 facing the workpiece.

[0027] Specifically, the pressurized water supplied by the water pump 515 enters the inner cavity of the U-shaped hollow body 5141 and is simultaneously sprayed out through multiple nozzles 5142 evenly distributed on the inner side, forming a fan-shaped water curtain covering the top and both sides of the workpiece, and rinsing the workpiece in all directions; the water flow can wrap around the outer contour of the workpiece, especially for areas where oxide scale easily accumulates, such as the cylindrical surface and ends of large-size bolts, to achieve thorough and uniform removal of oxide scale, and avoid local residues affecting the subsequent forging quality.

[0028] In some embodiments, the water tank 511 includes a tank body 5111 and a cover plate 5112 disposed on the top of the tank body 5111. The cover plate 5112 has an opening that communicates with the interior of the water tank 511. A filter screen 5113 is disposed in the opening. An overflow plate 5114 is disposed around the opening. The portion of the cover plate 5112 located below the support frame 512 has an inclined surface, which is used to guide the water flow to the opening. In this way, the cleaning water returning from the support frame 512 first falls on the inclined surface of the cover plate 5112. Under the action of gravity, it automatically converges and flows to one side opening. The oxide scale washed off will slide down the inclined surface. With the help of the overflow plate 5114, most of it will be deposited at the lower position of the cover plate 5112 (the area not below the support frame 512), which is easy to clean. After passing through the filter screen 5113 to intercept solid impurities such as oxide scale particles, it enters the interior of the tank 5111. This realizes the dual functions of self-cleaning filtration and liquid level self-control of the cleaning water. There is no need to configure an additional sedimentation tank or manually clean the filter residue, which ensures the cleanliness of the circulating water, extends the service life of the water pump 515 and nozzle 5142, and prevents water overflow and contamination of the equipment due to excessive water level.

[0029] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the chain conveyor assembly 520 includes a bracket 521 arranged along the support frame 512, a plurality of conveyor wheels 522 continuously arranged along the bracket 521, a sprocket 523 coaxially connected to the conveyor wheels 522, a transmission chain 524 connected to the sprocket 523, and a drive motor 525 connected to one of the sprockets 523. The diameter of the conveyor wheel 522 increases continuously from its axial midpoint to both ends.

[0030] Specifically, the diameter of the conveyor wheel 522 increases continuously from its axial midpoint to both ends, forming a drum-shaped profile. Multiple conveyor wheels 522 are connected in series via sprockets 523 and transmission chains 524 and are uniformly driven by a drive motor 525. During operation, the workpiece is placed at the lowest point in the middle of the conveyor wheel 522. The drum-shaped curved surface enables the workpiece to automatically center and position itself during transport, preventing lateral displacement or rolling even when subjected to water flow impact or slight vibration. In this way, the geometry of the conveyor wheel 522 is cleverly utilized to achieve a passive self-centering function, eliminating the need for additional side guards or clamping devices. This simplifies the structure and avoids scratch damage to the surface of the high-temperature workpiece caused by the side guards, while ensuring the stability of the workpiece's posture during the cleaning process, thus improving the cleaning effect and transport reliability.

[0031] In some embodiments, the hot forging mechanism 600 includes a hot forging machine 610 and two transfer joint robots 620 disposed on the side of the hot forging machine 610. Each transfer joint robot 620 is equipped with a gripper. One transfer joint robot 620 is used to transfer the workpiece from the descaling mechanism 500 to the hot forging machine 610, and the other transfer joint robot 620 is used to transfer the workpiece from the hot forging machine 610 to the conveying transfer mechanism 700. Thus, one robot picks up the cleaned, high-temperature workpiece from the chain conveyor assembly 520 of the descaling mechanism 500 and precisely feeds it into the mold cavity of the hot forging machine 610 to complete the forging. After forging, the other robot immediately removes the forging from the mold and places it on the conveying transfer mechanism 700. The two robots work alternately and collaboratively, achieving fully automated loading and unloading of the hot forging process. This eliminates the safety risks of manual operation in high-temperature, high-impact environments. Simultaneously, the division of labor and cooperation between the two robots shortens the idle waiting time of the hot forging machine 610, ensuring that the forging cycle is closely matched with the preceding and following processes, thereby improving the overall production efficiency and the temperature consistency of the forgings.

[0032] In some embodiments, the conveying and transfer mechanism 700 includes a transfer chain conveyor 710 and a loading gantry robot 720. Multiple V-shaped support plates are evenly spaced on the conveyor chain of the transfer chain conveyor 710. The V-shaped support plates are used to place workpieces. The loading gantry robot 720 is used to transfer the workpieces from the transfer chain conveyor 710 to the chamfering machine 800. A cutting articulated robot 900 is provided on one side of the chamfering machine 800.

[0033] Specifically, the hot-forged workpiece is placed on a V-shaped support plate. The V-shaped groove automatically centers and stably supports the workpiece, which is then moved to a designated position by a chain. The loading gantry robot 720 sequentially picks up the workpiece and feeds it into the chamfering machine 800 to complete the end face chamfering. After processing, the unloading articulated robot 900 automatically unloads the workpiece to the finished product area. This implementation method achieves adaptive positioning and anti-rolling protection for the forgings during the cooling and conveying process through the V-shaped support plate, avoiding surface damage caused by collisions between workpieces. At the same time, the cooperation between the gantry robot and the articulated robot enables unmanned loading and unloading of the chamfering process, further extending the coverage of the automated production line and ensuring the consistency of finished product quality.

[0034] like Figure 6 and 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the sorting mechanism 200 further includes a blocking assembly 240, which includes a base 241 fixed to one side of the first chain conveyor 210, an electric cylinder 242 disposed on the base 241, a guide rail pair 243 disposed on the base 241 and perpendicular to the first chain conveyor 210, and a blocking member 244 disposed on the slider of the guide rail pair 243 and connected to the actuation end of the electric cylinder 242. A photoelectric sensor 245 is embedded on the side of the blocking member 244 facing the direction in which the workpiece is transported. The linear actuator 230 includes a cylinder 231 and a push plate 232 disposed at the end of the push rod of the cylinder 231.

[0035] Specifically, the electric cylinder 242 drives the blocking component 244 to reciprocate along the guide rail pair 243 perpendicular to the conveying direction. A photoelectric sensor 245 is embedded on the receiving side of the blocking component 244. The linear actuator 230 is driven by the cylinder 231 to push the push plate 232 laterally. During operation, the photoelectric sensor 245 detects the workpiece's arrival signal in real time. If the encoder and photoelectric switch of the CNC sawing machine 100 detect and determine it as a qualified product, the electric cylinder 242 retracts the blocking component 244 to release the workpiece and continue forward. If it is determined to be a defective product, the electric cylinder 242 extends the blocking component 244. When part 244 stops the workpiece, cylinder 231 pushes push plate 232 to push the defective product laterally. The defective product falls into defective product collection box 220 along guide plate 250 set between first chain conveyor 210 and collection box. Then, blocking part 244 resets and releases the next workpiece. This realizes automatic sorting and defective product rejection based on online detection. It can accurately separate unqualified products in high-speed conveying without manual intervention, effectively preventing defective products from flowing into subsequent high-energy-consuming heating processes, saving energy and protecting forging dies, and improving the overall quality control level of the line.

[0036] like Figure 8 and 9As shown, in some embodiments, the top surfaces of the first chain plate 211 of the first chain conveyor 210 and the second chain plate 311 of the second chain conveyor 310 are arranged in a structure where the middle belt gradually increases on both sides. The ends of the first chain conveyor 210 and the second chain conveyor 310 are respectively provided with a first proximity switch 212 and a second proximity switch 312.

[0037] Specifically, the workpiece is placed in the recessed area in the middle of the chain plate (first chain plate 211 or second chain plate 311), and the raised structures on both sides form natural limiting edges to prevent the workpiece from sliding or rolling laterally during the conveying process. The proximity switch monitors the position signal of the workpiece reaching the end in real time, providing precise positioning trigger for the gripping action of the gantry robot. The self-centering constraint of the workpiece is achieved through the structure of the chain plate itself, eliminating the need for additional guide rails, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing the risk of scratches on the workpiece surface. At the same time, the positioning feedback of the proximity switch ensures the accuracy of the gripping position of the three-dimensional transfer mechanism, improving the reliability of material handover and the stability of the entire line operation.

[0038] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of this application is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0039] One or more embodiments in this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automated production line for large-size bolts, characterized in that, It includes a CNC saw (100), a sorting mechanism (200), a three-dimensional transfer and feeding mechanism (300), an induction heating mechanism (400), a descaling mechanism (500), a hot forging mechanism (600), a conveying and transfer mechanism (700), and a chamfering machine (800) arranged in sequence. The sorting mechanism (200) includes a first chain conveyor (210), a defective product collection box (220) disposed on one side of the first chain conveyor (210), and a linear actuator (230) disposed on the other side of the first chain conveyor (210). The three-dimensional transfer and feeding mechanism (300) includes two parallel second chain conveyors (310) and a transverse gantry manipulator (320) spanning the two second chain conveyors (310). The transverse gantry manipulator (320) is used to transfer workpieces on the first chain conveyor (210) to the second chain conveyor (310). The induction heating mechanism (400) includes two longitudinal truss manipulators (410) corresponding to the two second chain conveyors (310) respectively, and a plurality of longitudinally arranged induction heating furnaces (420) disposed on both sides of the two longitudinal truss manipulators (410). The longitudinal truss manipulators (410) extend above the descaling mechanism (500).

2. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The descaling mechanism (500) includes a descaling cleaning assembly (510), a chain conveyor assembly (520), and a guide assembly. The chain conveyor assembly (520) is used to convey the heated workpiece through the descaling cleaning assembly (510). The guide assembly includes two oppositely distributed inclined guide plates (531). The conveying chain of the chain conveyor assembly (520) is located below the gap between the two guide plates. The inclined guide plates (531) are used to guide the heated workpiece to the chain conveyor assembly (520).

3. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oxide scale cleaning assembly (510) includes a water tank (511), a support frame (512) disposed on the water tank (511), a cover (513) disposed on the support frame (512), a water spray component (514) disposed in the cover (513) and spanning the chain conveyor assembly (520), and a water pump (515) connected to the water tank (511). The outlet end of the water pump (515) is connected to the water spray component (514) through a connecting pipe. The chain conveyor assembly (520) is disposed in the support frame (512), and the support frame (512) is a four-sided enclosed structure.

4. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water spray component (514) includes a U-shaped hollow body (5141) and a plurality of nozzles (5142) disposed on the side of the U-shaped hollow body (5141) facing the workpiece.

5. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water tank (511) includes a tank body (5111) and a cover plate (5112) disposed on the top of the tank body (5111). The cover plate (5112) has an opening that connects to the interior of the water tank (511). A filter screen (5113) is disposed in the opening. An overflow plate (5114) is disposed around the opening. The part of the cover plate (5112) located below the support frame (512) has an inclined surface, which is used to guide the water flow to the opening.

6. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The chain conveyor assembly (520) includes a bracket (521) arranged along the support frame (512), a plurality of conveyor wheels (522) continuously arranged along the bracket (521), a sprocket (523) coaxially connected to the conveyor wheels (522), a transmission chain (524) connected to the sprocket (523), and a drive motor (525) connected to one of the sprockets (523). The diameter of the conveyor wheel (522) increases continuously from its axial midpoint to both ends.

7. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The hot forging mechanism (600) includes a hot forging machine (610) and two transfer joint robots (620) disposed on the side of the hot forging machine (610). Each transfer joint robot (620) is equipped with a clamp. One of the transfer joint robots (620) is used to transfer the workpiece from the descaling mechanism (500) to the hot forging machine (610), and the other transfer joint robot (620) is used to transfer the workpiece from the hot forging machine (610) to the conveying and transfer mechanism (700).

8. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The conveying and transfer mechanism (700) includes a transfer chain conveyor (710) and a loading gantry robot (720). The transfer chain conveyor (710) has multiple V-shaped bearing plates evenly spaced on its conveying chain. The V-shaped bearing plates are used to place workpieces. The loading gantry robot (720) is used to transfer workpieces from the transfer chain conveyor (710) to the chamfering machine (800). A material unloading articulated robot (900) is provided on one side of the chamfering machine (800).

9. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting mechanism (200) further includes a blocking assembly (240), which includes a base (241) fixed to one side of the first chain conveyor (210), an electric cylinder (242) disposed on the base (241), a guide rail pair (243) disposed on the base (241) and perpendicular to the first chain conveyor (210), and a blocking member (244) disposed on the slider of the guide rail pair (243) and connected to the execution end of the electric cylinder (242). The blocking member (244) has a photoelectric sensor (245) embedded on the side facing the direction in which the workpiece is transported. The linear actuator (230) includes a cylinder (231) and a push plate (232) disposed at the end of the push rod of the cylinder (231).

10. The automated production line for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surfaces of the first chain plate (211) of the first chain conveyor (210) and the second chain plate (311) of the second chain conveyor (310) are arranged in a structure where the middle belt gradually increases on both sides. The ends of the first chain conveyor (210) and the second chain conveyor (310) are respectively provided with a first proximity switch (212) and a second proximity switch (312).

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