Tool changing mechanism for machine tools

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of machine tool tool changing mechanism, including the main carriage of horizontal arrangement, the secondary carriage is slidably connected on the main carriage, the tool mounting slide is slidably connected in the secondary carriage, the free end of the tool mounting slide is fixedly connected with the connecting bottom plate, the tool mounting seat is fixedly connected on the connecting bottom plate, vertical dovetail groove is opened on the outer surface of the tool mounting seat, the rotating wheel seat is vertically slidably inserted in the dovetail groove, clearance is left between the insertion part of the rotating wheel seat and the inner wall of the dovetail groove, the free end of locking block is used to control the inclined surface of the rotating wheel seat insertion part and loosen, the rotating wheel seat is separated from the tool mounting seat by the cooperation between limiting disc and hook block, tool changing is completed, the whole process is controlled by oil cylinder, without manual operation and the disassembly of fastener, tool changing speed is fast and precision is high, the device is suitable for industrial production, and has strong practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tool changing mechanisms, and particularly relates to a tool changing mechanism for a spinning machine. Background Technology

[0002] A patent entitled "A Spinning Machine Tool Magazine Device" with application number CN202222640940.X is disclosed in the existing Chinese patent database. It belongs to the technical field of spinning machine equipment. It includes a machine base, a feed slide on the machine base, a tool magazine mechanism above the feed slide, a feed tool holder at one end of the feed slide, and the tool magazine mechanism including a divider and a driving component. The divider is equipped with a tool storage holder, a fixed plate is provided above the divider, a tool holder fixing plate is movably connected to the fixed plate, and a tool changing mechanism is provided above the feed slide.

[0003] In existing technologies, tool replacement is usually accomplished by disassembling and installing fasteners. This method not only reduces tool changing efficiency, but also requires recalibrating and repositioning the tool after manual tool replacement, which greatly reduces production efficiency. Therefore, this solution proposes a machine tool changing mechanism that can quickly call up tools from the tool magazine to replace old tools, and the replaced tools can be returned to their original positions, eliminating the need for tool sorting and organization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to quickly complete the tool change and simultaneously return the changed tool to its original position. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a machine tool tool changing mechanism.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A machine tool tool changing mechanism includes a horizontally arranged main slide, a secondary slide horizontally slidably connected to the main slide, a tool mounting slide longitudinally slidably connected within the secondary slide, a connecting base plate fixedly connected to the free end face of the tool mounting slide, a tool connecting seat fixedly connected to the connecting base plate, a vertical dovetail groove formed on the outer surface of the tool connecting seat, a rotating wheel seat vertically slidably inserted into the dovetail groove, a gap being left between the insertion part of the rotating wheel seat and the inner wall of the dovetail groove, a blind hole formed on the side of the rotating wheel seat, a locking block movably inserted into the blind hole, a bottom hole formed at the bottom of the blind hole, a compression spring installed in the bottom hole, the compression spring protruding from the bottom hole pressing against the bottom of the locking block. On the surface, an oil cavity is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the locking block and the inner wall of the blind hole. An oil inlet valve block is fixed to the side of the tool connecting seat located at the blind hole. A through groove communicating with the blind hole is opened on the side wall of the dovetail groove. A wedge-shaped surface that mates with the side of the wheel seat insertion part is opened on the end face of the locking block opposite the through groove. A tool magazine is installed directly above the main slide. Several hydraulic cylinders are horizontally spaced on the tool magazine. A flange-shaped limiting plate is connected to the free end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. A hook block is fixed to the surface of the wheel seat. A C-shaped hook part is provided on the inner side of the hook block. When changing tools, the limiting plate is located inside the hook part, which vertically lifts the wheel seat away from the dovetail groove.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the free end of the locking block is controlled by oil to press and release the rotating wheel seat insertion part at an angle, and then the rotating wheel seat is separated from the tool connecting seat by the cooperation between the limiting plate and the hook block, thus completing the tool change. The whole process is controlled by the oil cylinder, without the need for manual operation or disassembly of fasteners. The tool change speed is fast and the accuracy is high. This device is suitable for industrial production and has strong practicality.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the tool magazine holder is arranged in an inverted U-shape. The two free ends of the ear plate section of the tool magazine holder are fixedly connected to both sides of the main slide. Several hydraulic cylinders are horizontally spaced on the upper surface of the middle section of the tool magazine holder. A vertical plate is integrally provided on the lower surface of the middle section of the tool magazine holder. A set of limiting components is fixedly connected to the vertical plate located directly below each hydraulic cylinder. The limiting component includes a set of mirror-arranged limiting blocks. A dovetail groove-shaped space is formed between the two limiting blocks, which is adapted to the insertion part of the rotating wheel seat.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, a set of parallel slide rails are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the main slide, and the secondary slide is horizontally slidably connected to the slide rails. A lead screw transmission mechanism is provided inside the main slide, and the bottom of the secondary slide is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut seat inside the lead screw transmission mechanism.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the secondary slide is U-shaped, and guide frames are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two ear plate sections and the middle section of the secondary slide. Guide grooves are opened on the outer surface of the guide frames. Longitudinal guide rails are fixedly connected to the two sides and the bottom surface of the tool magazine slide. The guide rails are slidably connected in the guide grooves. A screw drive mechanism is installed in the secondary slide located below the tool magazine slide. The bottom of the tool magazine slide is fixedly connected to the screw nut seat of the screw drive mechanism.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, belt drive structures are provided on the side of the main carriage and the back of the secondary carriage. The large pulley in the belt drive structure is connected to the lead screw in the lead screw drive structure, and the small pulley in the belt drive structure is connected to a drive motor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a limit switch stop block is installed on the upper surface of the ear plate section of the secondary carriage, and a switch bracket is fixedly connected to the tool magazine carriage. A limit switch body is fixedly connected to the switch bracket. When the dovetail groove of the rotary seat and the space formed between the two limit blocks correspond in the vertical direction, the contact of the limit switch body contacts the limit switch stop block. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the rotating wheel seat connection in this invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection structure between the locking block and the tool connecting seat in this invention.

[0015] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Main carriage, 2. Secondary carriage, 3. Tool mounting carriage, 4. Connecting base plate, 5. Tool connecting seat, 501. Dovetail groove, 6. Rotary wheel seat, 601. Insertion part, 7. Blind hole, 8. Locking block, 801. Wedge surface, 9. Bottom hole, 10. Compression spring, 11. Oil chamber, 12. Oil inlet valve block, 13. Through groove, 14. Tool magazine holder, 15. Oil cylinder, 16. Limiting plate, 17. Hook block, 1701. Hook part, 18. Vertical plate, 19. Limiting block, 20. Slide rail, 21. Guide frame, 22. Guide groove, 23. Guide rail, 24. Large pulley, 25. Small pulley, 26. Drive motor, 27. Limit switch stop block, 28. Switch bracket, 29. Limit switch body. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1-5 The diagram shows a tool changing mechanism for a machine tool, comprising a horizontally arranged main slide 1, a secondary slide 2 horizontally slidably connected to the main slide 1, a tool mounting slide 3 longitudinally slidably connected within the secondary slide 2, a connecting base plate 4 fixedly connected to the free end face of the tool mounting slide 3, a tool connecting seat 5 fixedly connected to the connecting base plate 4, a vertical dovetail groove 501 formed on the outer surface of the tool connecting seat 5, a rotating wheel seat 6 vertically slidably inserted into the dovetail groove 501, a gap between the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6 and the inner wall of the dovetail groove 501, a blind hole 7 formed on the side of the rotating wheel seat 6, a locking block 8 movably inserted into the blind hole 7, a bottom hole 9 formed at the bottom of the blind hole 7, a compression spring 10 installed in the bottom hole 9, the compression spring 10 protruding from the bottom hole 9 abutting against the bottom surface of the locking block 8. An oil cavity 11 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the locking block 8 and the inner wall of the blind hole 7. An oil inlet valve block 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the tool connecting seat 5 located at the blind hole 7. A through groove 13 communicating with the blind hole 7 is opened on the side wall of the dovetail groove 501. A wedge-shaped surface 801 that mates with the side of the insertion part 601 of the rotary wheel seat 6 is opened on the end face of the locking block 8 opposite to the through groove 13. A tool magazine 14 is installed directly above the main slide 1. Several hydraulic cylinders 15 are horizontally spaced on the tool magazine 14. A flange-shaped limiting plate 16 is connected to the free end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15. A hook block 17 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotary wheel seat 6. A C-shaped hook part 1701 is provided on the inner side of the hook block 17. When changing tools, the limiting plate 16 is located in the hook part 1701, which vertically lifts the rotary wheel seat 6 away from the dovetail groove 501.

[0020] The working process of this invention is as follows: The main slide 1 is moved to the desired vertical position of the rotating wheel seat 6 via a screw drive mechanism (the rotating wheel is clamped onto the rotating wheel seat 6 via bearings). Then, the tool connecting seat 5 is moved longitudinally to directly below the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 15 via a screw drive mechanism on the secondary slide 2, controlling the hydraulic cylinder 15 to operate. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 moves vertically downward, causing the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6 to be inserted into the dovetail groove 501 of the tool connecting seat 5 with a gap. At this time, the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6 is in the dovetail groove 501. The groove 501 is in a loose state. Then, oil is injected into the oil chamber 11 through the oil inlet valve block 12, causing the locking block 8 to move inward. The wedge-shaped surface 801 of the locking block 8 presses the inclined surface of the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6 through the through groove 13, so that the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6 is fixed in the dovetail groove 501. After completion, the screw transmission mechanism on the secondary slide 2 moves forward slightly longitudinally, so that the hook block 17 is disengaged from the limit plate 16, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 15 is retracted, thus completing the tool loading process. The tool retraction process is as follows: the main slide 1 is moved to the vertical position of the required rotating wheel seat 6 (the rotating wheel is clamped on the rotating wheel seat 6 via bearings), the hydraulic cylinder 15 is operated, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 moves vertically downward to the horizontal position of the hook block 17. Then, through the lead screw transmission mechanism on the secondary slide 2, the tool loading slide 3 is moved longitudinally until the hook part 1701 of the hook block 17 is locked at the limit plate 16, and the oil injection is stopped, so that the wedge-shaped surface 801 of the locking block 8 is disengaged from the side of the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6. At this time, the insertion part 601 of the rotating wheel seat 6 is in a loose state. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 moves vertically upward to retract the rotating wheel seat 6. Through the movement of the secondary slide 2 and the tool loading slide 3, the tool loading slide 3 is moved to the required tool position for tool loading, thereby completing the automated tool changing process.

[0021] Specifically, the tool magazine holder 14 is arranged in an inverted U-shape. The two free ends of the ear plate section of the tool magazine holder 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the main slide 1. Several hydraulic cylinders 15 are horizontally spaced on the upper surface of the middle section of the tool magazine holder 14. A vertical plate 18 is integrally provided on the lower surface of the middle section of the tool magazine holder 14. A set of limiting components is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 18 located directly below each hydraulic cylinder 15. The limiting components include a set of mirror-arranged limiting blocks 19. A dovetail groove 501-shaped space is formed between the two limiting blocks 19, which is adapted to the insertion part 601 of the rotary wheel seat 6. When the insertion part 601 of the rotary wheel seat 6 is driven vertically upward or downward by the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15, the setting of the two limiting blocks 19 can limit the position of the insertion part 601 of the rotary wheel seat 6 on both sides, and at the same time play a corresponding guiding role, so as to prevent the rotary wheel seat 6 from shifting left and right during the tool changing process, which would cause the tool connecting seat 5 to be unable to be correctly matched during tool loading.

[0022] Specifically, a set of parallel slide rails 20 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the main slide 1. A secondary slide 2 is horizontally slidably connected to the slide rails 20. A screw drive mechanism is installed inside the main slide 1. The bottom of the secondary slide 2 is fixedly connected to the screw nut seat within the screw drive mechanism. The secondary slide 2 is U-shaped. Guide frames 21 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of both ear plate sections and the inner side of the middle section of the secondary slide 2. Guide grooves 22 are formed on the outer surface of the guide frames 21. Longitudinal guide rails 23 are fixedly connected to both sides and the bottom of the tool magazine slide. The guide rails 23 are slidably connected within the guide grooves 22. A screw drive mechanism is installed inside the secondary slide 2 located below the tool magazine slide. The bottom of the tool magazine slide is fixedly connected to the screw nut seat of the screw drive mechanism. The screw drive mechanisms within the main slide 1 and the secondary slide 2 ensure the stability of the secondary slide 2 and the tool loading slide 3 during lateral and longitudinal movement.

[0023] Specifically, belt drive structures are provided on the side of the main slide 1 and the back of the secondary slide 2. The large pulley 24 in the belt drive structure is connected to the lead screw in the lead screw drive structure, and the small pulley 25 in the belt drive structure is connected to the drive motor 26. The belt drive structure can stably drive the lead screw drive structure, ensuring the stable operation of the lead screw drive mechanism during tool changing.

[0024] Specifically, a limit switch stop block 27 is installed on the upper surface of the ear plate section of the secondary slide 2, and a switch bracket 28 is fixedly connected to the tool magazine slide. A limit switch body 29 is fixedly connected to the switch bracket 28. When the space formed between the dovetail groove 501 of the rotating wheel seat 6 and the two limit blocks 19 corresponds in the vertical direction, the contact of the limit switch body 29 contacts the limit switch stop block 27. The limit switch stop block 27 on the secondary slide 2 enables the tool connecting seat 5 on the end face of the tool loading slide 3 to move precisely to directly below the hydraulic cylinder 15 during the tool changing movement, thus quickly completing the disassembly and installation of the rotating wheel seat 6.

[0025] This invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative effort, and all such substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A tool changing mechanism for a machine tool, characterized in that: The system includes a horizontally arranged main slide (1), a secondary slide (2) horizontally slidably connected to the main slide (1), a tool mounting slide (3) longitudinally slidably connected inside the secondary slide (2), a connecting base plate (4) fixedly connected to the free end face of the tool mounting slide (3), a tool connecting seat (5) fixedly connected to the connecting base plate (4), a vertical dovetail groove (501) opened on the outer surface of the tool connecting seat (5), and a rotating wheel vertically slidably inserted into the dovetail groove (501). The seat (6), the insertion part (601) of the rotating wheel seat (6) and the inner wall of the dovetail groove (501) are left with a gap. The side of the rotating wheel seat (6) is provided with a blind hole (7). A locking block (8) is movably inserted into the blind hole (7). A bottom hole (9) is provided at the bottom of the blind hole (7). A compression spring (10) is installed in the bottom hole (9). The compression spring (10) protruding from the bottom hole (9) abuts against the bottom surface of the locking block (8). The outer peripheral surface of the locking block (8) is flush with the bottom surface of the locking block (8). An oil cavity (11) is formed between the inner walls of the blind hole (7). An oil inlet valve block (12) is fixed to the side of the tool connecting seat (5) located at the blind hole (7). A through groove (13) communicating with the blind hole (7) is opened on the side wall of the dovetail groove (501). A wedge-shaped surface (801) that mates with the side of the insert part (601) of the rotating wheel seat (6) is opened on the end face of the locking block (8) opposite to the through groove (13). A tool magazine rack is installed directly above the main slide (1). (14) Several hydraulic cylinders (15) are horizontally spaced on the tool magazine holder (14). The free end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (15) is connected to a flange-shaped limiting plate (16). A hook block (17) is fixed to the surface of the rotating wheel seat (6). A C-shaped hook part (1701) is provided on the inner side of the hook block (17). When changing the tool, the limiting plate (16) is located in the hook part (1701) and the rotating wheel seat (6) is vertically lifted away from the dovetail groove (501).

2. The machine tool tool changing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool magazine holder (14) is arranged in an inverted U-shape. The two free ends of the ear plate section of the tool magazine holder (14) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the main slide (1). Several hydraulic cylinders (15) are arranged horizontally at intervals on the upper surface of the middle section of the tool magazine holder (14). A vertical plate (18) is integrally arranged on the lower surface of the middle section of the tool magazine holder (14). A set of limiting components is fixedly connected to the vertical plate (18) located directly below each hydraulic cylinder (15). The limiting component includes a set of mirror-arranged limiting blocks (19). A dovetail groove (501)-shaped space is formed between the two limiting blocks (19), which is adapted to the insertion part (601) of the rotating wheel seat (6).

3. A machine tool tool changing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the main slide (1) is fixedly connected to a set of parallel slide rails (20), and the secondary slide (2) is horizontally slidably connected on the slide rails (20). The main slide (1) is provided with a screw drive mechanism, and the bottom of the secondary slide (2) is fixedly connected to the screw nut seat in the screw drive mechanism.

4. A machine tool tool changing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary slide (2) is U-shaped. Guide frames (21) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two ear plate sections and the inner side of the middle section of the secondary slide (2). Guide grooves (22) are opened on the outer surface of the guide frames (21). Longitudinal guide rails (23) are fixedly connected to the two sides and the bottom surface of the tool magazine slide. The guide rails (23) are slidably connected in the guide grooves (22). A screw drive mechanism is provided in the secondary slide (2) located below the tool magazine slide. The bottom of the tool magazine slide is fixedly connected to the screw nut seat of the screw drive mechanism.

5. A machine tool tool changing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main slide (1) and the back of the secondary slide (2) are both provided with belt drive structures. The large pulley (24) in the belt drive structure is connected to the lead screw in the lead screw drive structure, and the small pulley (25) in the belt drive structure is connected to the drive motor (26).

6. A machine tool tool changing mechanism according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the ear plate section of the secondary slide (2) is equipped with a limit switch block (27), and a switch bracket (28) is fixedly connected to the tool magazine slide. A limit switch body (29) is fixedly connected to the switch bracket (28). When the dovetail groove (501) of the rotary seat (6) and the space formed between the two limit blocks (19) correspond in the vertical direction, the contact of the limit switch body (29) contacts the limit switch block (27).

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