Pressure regulating valve housing multi-station abrasive flow deburring tool and working method thereof

Abstract

A multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for pressure regulating valve housings and its working method belong to the field of fluid grinding technology for hydraulic precision parts. It includes a base serving as the mounting base for the entire fixture, support blocks forming an outer support structure, a cover plate for axial positioning of internal components, guide blocks for arranging multiple independent workstations, a positioning and clamping assembly for omnidirectional positioning and clamping of the workpiece, and a guide assembly for rectifying and stabilizing the abrasive flow and guiding it smoothly through the workpiece's machining channels before orderly converging into the return channel. This invention reduces the time required for auxiliary processes such as loading and unloading, improves batch production efficiency and equipment utilization; ensures the machining accuracy and dimensional tolerance stability of the channels; improves the consistency of machining quality for parts in the same batch; reduces the consumption of high-value abrasives; avoids leakage media contaminating machine tool guides and pipelines; and reduces equipment cleaning and maintenance workload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for pressure regulating valve housings and its working method, belonging to the field of fluid grinding processing technology for hydraulic precision parts. Background Technology

[0002] The pressure regulating valve housing is a core precision component of the hydraulic control system. Its interior features axial stepped inner holes and radially penetrating branch holes, with these two types of channels intersecting perpendicularly at multiple points to form intersection nodes. After CNC boring and drilling, burrs and cutting burrs remain on the inner walls of the holes and at the dead corners where the intersecting holes meet. These burrs are firmly rooted and have limited hiding space, making conventional cleaning methods significantly limited and unable to meet the machining requirements of precision hydraulic components.

[0003] Currently, abrasive flow deburring tooling for this type of part has several technical defects and cannot meet the needs of batch high-precision machining:

[0004] First, single-station tooling has low processing efficiency. Existing abrasive flow tooling mostly adopts a single-station independent clamping structure. Each tooling opening and closing can only clamp and process one part. The auxiliary processes of loading and unloading, tooling disassembly and assembly consume a high proportion of time, resulting in slow batch production cycle, low equipment utilization, and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale processing.

[0005] Second, the positioning datum is incomplete, resulting in poor machining stability. The pressure regulating valve housing has an irregular shape with special inner and outer contours. Conventional general-purpose fixtures only rely on simple clamping and centering of the outer circle, lacking a multi-level datum limiting structure. During the reciprocating extrusion and scouring process of high-pressure abrasive, the parts are prone to radial displacement and circumferential torsion. This not only causes the precision hole diameter to exceed tolerances and the cylindricity of the inner hole to deteriorate, but also scratches the surface of the precision-machined hole wall, seriously affecting the machining quality of the parts.

[0006] Third, the multi-station flow channel design is unreasonable, resulting in poor processing consistency. Existing multi-station simple tooling on the market only has a unified main feed channel, and the abrasives between each station are interconnected, which easily leads to serious cross-flow and flow deviation during processing; the abrasive flow rate of some stations is too large, resulting in over-grinding, which leads to low hole wall roughness; the medium flow rate of some stations is insufficient, and the burrs at the root of the cross holes are not thoroughly cleaned, resulting in poor processing quality consistency of parts in the same batch.

[0007] Fourth, the sealing structure is rudimentary, leading to significant high-pressure leakage. The existing tooling's sealing system is simply designed, relying solely on a single-layer gasket for end-face sealing. Under high-pressure conditions, the abrasive medium is prone to leaking from flange gaps and component mating clearances. This not only wastes valuable abrasive raw materials, but the leaked colloids also contaminate the abrasive flow machine tool guide rails and hydraulic pipelines, significantly increasing the workload of daily cleaning and maintenance.

[0008] Fifth, the lack of non-machined hole sealing and guiding structures results in insufficient processing efficiency. The pressure regulating valve housing has multiple non-machined bypass channels, and general tooling cannot be equipped with targeted sealing and guiding structures. During processing, the abrasive is scattered and cannot be concentrated on the main hole and intersection nodes, resulting in low burr removal efficiency and difficulty in ensuring the processing qualification rate.

[0009] Sixth, the tooling integration is unreasonable, resulting in high maintenance costs. The overall integration of the tooling is poor, and the easily worn flow guiding components and sealing structures are mostly one-piece welded structures. After local scouring damage, the entire assembly needs to be disassembled and repaired, making the maintenance process cumbersome and the replacement cost high. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for pressure regulating valve housing and its working method.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing, comprising a base for serving as the bottom mounting base of the entire fixture, a support block for forming an outer support and enclosure structure, a cover plate for axially limiting internal components, a guide block for arranging multiple independent workstations, a positioning and clamping assembly for omnidirectional positioning and clamping of the workpiece to be processed, and a guide assembly for rectifying and stabilizing the abrasive flow and guiding the abrasive to flow smoothly through the workpiece processing channel and then orderly flow into the return channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning and clamping assembly includes a pressure sleeve for radial centering and axial clamping of the workpiece, a threaded sleeve for supporting the lower end face of the workpiece, a retaining sleeve for protecting the outer circular surface of the middle part of the workpiece, an open sleeve for protecting the outer circular surface of the upper part of the workpiece, an angular pin for restricting the circumferential rotation of the workpiece, a positioning plate for fixing the clamping and positioning structure, and a support plate for supporting the clamping structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the flow guiding assembly includes an upper flow guiding plate for rectifying and guiding the abrasive entering the workstation and ensuring that the abrasive flows evenly into the workpiece channel, and a lower flow guiding plate for guiding the processed abrasive to smoothly flow into the base into the abrasive return channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the tooling also includes a sealing assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes an end face seal for sealing the mating end face of the workpiece and the tooling, a radial seal for sealing the mating position of the flow guide member and the channel, and a partition seal for isolating and sealing between adjacent workstations.

[0016] A method for using a multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing according to the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Hoist the entire tooling set onto the worktable of the abrasive flow equipment and fix it in place, completing the docking and fixing of the tooling and the equipment.

[0018] S2: Install multiple pressure regulating valve housings to be processed one by one into the corresponding pressure sleeve centering position of the work station, and pre-assemble the pressure regulating valve housings by using the positioning and clamping assembly.

[0019] S3: After the pressure regulating valve housing is fully installed, axial clamping is achieved through the cover plate;

[0020] S4: Start the abrasive flow equipment. The abrasive enters the tooling cavity through the external connector and is rectified and decelerated by the flow guiding component. It flows downward along the inner wall of multiple workstations into the upper inlet hole of the pressure regulating valve housing, forcing the abrasive to pass downward only through the axial main hole.

[0021] S5: First, low pressure is used for pre-grinding to stably scour the burrs in the cross holes and initially remove large flanged burrs; after pre-grinding, the pressure is increased to the standard working pressure, and the abrasive continues to flow down along the main hole of the workpiece to scour the small burrs on the hole wall, and a high-pressure turbulent flow field is formed at the intersection corner of the main hole and the radial hole to remove the burrs that are solidified at the root of the node; the processed abrasive flows into the abrasive return channel of the base to complete the circulation return.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] This invention employs a disc-type multi-station split structure, enabling the simultaneous abrasive flow machining of multiple pressure regulating valve housings in a single clamping operation. This effectively reduces the time required for auxiliary processes such as loading and unloading, improving batch production efficiency and equipment utilization. A positioning and clamping assembly achieves full-degree-of-freedom workpiece limitation, preventing radial displacement and circumferential torsion of the workpiece during the reciprocating scouring of high-pressure abrasive, ensuring the machining accuracy and dimensional tolerance stability of the boreholes, and preventing scratches on the borehole surface. Multiple independent abrasive flow channels, combined with a flow guiding assembly, eliminate crossflow and flow deviation problems between stations, ensuring… It ensures uniform abrasive flow rate at each workstation, improving the consistency of processing quality for parts in the same batch. It also guides the abrasive to concentrate on the main hole and intersecting nodes, enhancing the burr removal effect. The multi-level sealing structure is suitable for high-pressure abrasive flow operation, effectively reducing the risk of abrasive leakage and minimizing the loss of high-value abrasive. It also prevents leakage media from contaminating the machine tool guide rails and pipelines, reducing the workload of equipment cleaning and maintenance. The overall modular design allows for the individual disassembly and replacement of easily worn flow guiding and sealing components, simplifying the inspection and maintenance process and reducing operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A sectional view;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cover plate;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A sectional view;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide block;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A sectional view;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure sleeve structure;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper guide vane. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] A multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing has an overall disc-shaped split structure, including a base 1 for mounting the bottom of the entire fixture, a support block 4 for forming an outer support and enclosure structure, a cover plate 5 for axially limiting the internal components, a guide block 7 for arranging multiple independent workstations, a positioning and clamping assembly for omnidirectional positioning and clamping of the workpiece to be processed, and a guide assembly for rectifying and stabilizing the abrasive flow and guiding the abrasive to flow smoothly through the workpiece processing channel and then orderly flow into the return channel.

[0034] The base 1, support block 4, and cover plate 5 are sequentially positioned and fixedly connected from bottom to top. The base 1 is a circular base plate structure, serving as the bottom mounting foundation for the entire tooling set. Multiple sets of stepped holes and threaded holes are machined on it for locking and fixing all upper structures. A central abrasive return channel is reserved in the center of the base 1, serving as the main collection cavity for abrasive return. The outer edge of the upper end face of the base 1 is positioned and fixedly connected to the support block 4 using screws and cylindrical pins: screws provide a tight connection, and cylindrical pins ensure precise positioning, guaranteeing their coaxiality. The screw holes and pin holes on the base 1 are set as reference B along the circumferential centerline, serving as the circumferential and radial references for the tooling.

[0035] The support block 4 is a cylindrical structure that forms the outer support and enclosure structure of the tooling, and its interior forms an installation cavity to accommodate the guide block 7. The lower end of the support block 4 is positioned and connected to the base 1, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the cover plate 5.

[0036] The cover plate 5 is a circular plate structure that covers the upper end of the support block 4, thereby limiting the axial movement of the internal components and preventing axial movement of the internal components under high pressure conditions. Four processing stations 501 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cover plate 5. Each station 501 is equipped with a set of flow guiding components and positioning and clamping components. The upper surface of the cover plate 5 is set as reference A, and the horizontal center line of the pressure regulating valve housing to be processed is set as reference C. Reference A, reference B and reference C together establish a three-dimensional limiting system. All parts are installed based on this reference and the form and position tolerances are guaranteed according to the design drawings.

[0037] The guide block 7 has a disc-shaped structure and is coaxially fixed on the upper end face of the base 1, with the overall clearance located in the internal cavity of the support block 4. Four processing stations 701 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the upper surface of the guide block 7, each containing four completely isolated abrasive flow processing channels 702. Each channel 702 corresponds to one processing station 701. The four channels 702 are independent and unconnected, fundamentally preventing crossflow and flow deviation problems. The bottoms of all four channels 702 are connected to the main abrasive return channel at the center of the base 1, and the processed abrasive flows uniformly into the main channel for return. A recessed centering stop 703 is provided at each processing station 701 for initial centering guidance during workpiece loading.

[0038] Furthermore, the positioning and clamping assembly is used to achieve full-degree-of-freedom positioning of the workpiece. Each station is equipped with a set, and each set includes a pressure sleeve 11 for radial centering and axial clamping of the workpiece, a threaded sleeve 21 for supporting the lower end face of the workpiece, a retaining sleeve 20 for protecting the middle outer circular surface of the workpiece, an open sleeve 19 for protecting the upper outer circular surface of the workpiece, an angular pin 10 for restricting the circumferential rotation of the workpiece, a positioning plate 15 for fixing the clamping and positioning structure, and a support plate 13 for supporting the clamping structure.

[0039] The pressure sleeve 11 is vertically inserted along the sinking centering stop 703 of the guide block 7. The pressure sleeve 11 has a sinking platform inside, and the threaded sleeve 21 is installed in the sinking platform. When clamping the workpiece, the lower end face of the pressure regulating valve housing is pressed and adhered to the threaded sleeve 21. The stop sleeve 20 is sleeved on the outer side of the middle part of the pressure regulating valve housing, and the open sleeve 19 is installed on the outer side of the upper part of the pressure regulating valve housing. Both the stop sleeve 20 and the open sleeve 19 are made of nylon AP1010 material, which can buffer the clamping force and avoid excessive pressure from causing pressure damage to the base of the part.

[0040] An angular pin 10 is positioned between the support block 4 and the cover plate 5 to achieve circumferential angular positioning and restrict the circumferential rotation of the workpiece.

[0041] The positioning plate 15 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 5 by screws, and the support plate 13 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 5 and the pressure sleeve 11 by screws. The two work together with the clamping screws to achieve axial locking of the pressure sleeve 11. Combined with radial centering and angular limiting, all degrees of freedom of the workpiece are restricted in all directions to ensure the stability of the workpiece position during high-pressure processing.

[0042] Furthermore, the flow guiding assembly includes an upper flow guide plate 17 for rectifying and guiding the abrasive entering the workstation and ensuring that the abrasive flows evenly into the workpiece channel, and a lower flow guide plate 22 for guiding the processed abrasive to smoothly flow into the base into the abrasive return channel.

[0043] The lower guide plate 22 is installed in the middle of the lower end of the guide block 7, and its outer wall corresponds to the position of the flow channel of each station, guiding the abrasive to flow smoothly into the bottom total return cavity;

[0044] The upper guide plate 17 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the positioning plate 15 by screws. The central inlet corresponds to the position of the flow channel inlet of each station. It is used to rectify and guide the abrasive flowing into the workpiece to ensure that the abrasive enters the workpiece channel smoothly and evenly.

[0045] Furthermore, the tooling also includes a sealing assembly.

[0046] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes a three-layer anti-seepage structure, namely an end face seal for sealing the mating end face of the workpiece and the tooling, a radial seal for sealing the mating position of the flow guide component and the channel, and a partition seal for isolating and sealing between adjacent workstations. The three layers of seals are adapted to the high-pressure working environment of abrasive flow and effectively prevent abrasive leakage.

[0047] The tooling adopts a modular structure, and all easily worn flow guiding components and sealing components are independent standard accessories. When local scouring wear occurs, there is no need to disassemble the entire tooling. The corresponding accessories can be disassembled and replaced individually, making maintenance convenient and cost-effective.

[0048] Lifting rings 6 are symmetrically installed on the outer side wall of the cover plate 5 for lifting and transferring the entire set of tooling.

[0049] A method for using a multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing according to the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1: Use lifting ring 6 to hoist the entire tooling onto the worktable of the abrasive flow equipment and fix it in place. Complete the docking and fixing of the tooling and the equipment, and confirm that the installation position is accurate.

[0051] S2: Install multiple pressure regulating valve housings to be processed one by one into the centering position of the pressure sleeve 11 at the corresponding workstation, so that the lower end face of the pressure regulating valve housing is completely pressed and adhered to the threaded sleeve 21; insert the retaining sleeve 20 into the middle of the pressure regulating valve housing, and install the opening sleeve 19 on the upper part of the pressure regulating valve housing. The positioning and clamping assembly is used to preliminarily complete the positioning and pre-assembly of the pressure regulating valve housing; complete the radial centering and circumferential angular limiting of the workpiece. After the pre-assembly is completed, check the verticality of each housing one by one to ensure that the axial hole of the housing is perpendicular to the reference A, and avoid the problem of skew and jamming.

[0052] S3: After the pressure regulating valve housing is fully installed, axial clamping is achieved by using the cover plate 5 in combination with multiple sets of fastening screws, nuts, and washers. The bolts are tightened in a graded and uniform manner to avoid deformation of the pressure plate and uneven stress on the sealing surface, thus ensuring the reliability of sealing and clamping.

[0053] After all tooling components are assembled, check the pre-tightening force of all locking screws and fastening bolts one by one to confirm that the pressure blocks are pressed evenly, all sealing parts are fitted without gaps, and the four external connection areas are pressed evenly, thus completing the overall trial assembly process of the tooling.

[0054] S4: Start the abrasive flow equipment, and the abrasive medium begins to circulate and be conveyed. After the abrasive enters the tooling cavity through the external connector, it is rectified and decelerated by the flow guiding component to eliminate turbulence. It flows downward along the inner wall of multiple workstations into the upper inlet hole of the pressure regulating valve housing, forcing the abrasive to pass downward only through the axial main hole to avoid abrasive diversion.

[0055] S5: In the early stage of processing, low pressure is used for pre-grinding to stabilize and brush the burrs of the cross holes and initially remove large flanged burrs. After the pre-grinding is completed, the pressure is increased to the standard working pressure. The abrasive continues to flow down along the main hole of the workpiece to brush the small burrs on the hole wall and form a high-pressure turbulent flow field at the intersection corner of the main hole and the radial hole to completely remove the burrs solidified at the root of the node. The processed abrasive flows into the abrasive return channel of the base 1 to complete the circulation return.

[0056] The sealing status of the tooling is monitored in real time throughout the grinding process. If leakage occurs, the machine is stopped immediately to release pressure, investigate and fix the sealing failure point, and then continue the operation.

[0057] After all the grinding processes in a single batch are completed, the control equipment is depressurized and stopped, and the processed parts are removed from the tooling. At the same time, the disassembled tooling components are wiped clean to remove any residual abrasive media from the surface. The wear condition of each tooling component is checked one by one, and any damaged or vulnerable parts are replaced directly. After completion, the machine waits for the next batch clamping operation.

[0058] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0059] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing, characterized in that: It includes a base (1) for mounting the bottom of the entire tooling, a support block (4) for forming an outer support enclosure structure, a cover plate (5) for axially limiting the internal components, a guide block (7) for arranging multiple independent workstations, a positioning and clamping assembly for omnidirectional positioning and clamping of the workpiece to be processed, and a guide assembly for rectifying and stabilizing the abrasive and guiding the abrasive to flow smoothly through the workpiece processing channel and then orderly flow into the return channel.

2. The multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and clamping assembly includes a pressure sleeve (11) for radial centering and axial clamping of the workpiece, a threaded sleeve (21) for supporting the lower end face of the workpiece, a retaining sleeve (20) for protecting the middle outer circular surface of the workpiece, an open sleeve (19) for protecting the upper outer circular surface of the workpiece, an angular pin (10) for restricting the circumferential rotation of the workpiece, a positioning plate (15) for fixing the clamping and positioning structure, and a support plate (13) for supporting the clamping structure.

3. The multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly includes an upper guide plate (17) for rectifying and guiding the abrasive entering the workstation and ensuring that the abrasive flows evenly into the workpiece channel, and a lower guide plate (22) for guiding the processed abrasive to flow smoothly into the base into the abrasive return channel.

4. The multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling also includes a sealing assembly.

5. The multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for a pressure regulating valve housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes an end face seal for sealing the mating end face of the workpiece and the tooling, a radial seal for sealing the mating position of the flow guide member and the channel, and a partition seal for isolating and sealing between adjacent workstations.

6. A method of using the multi-station abrasive flow deburring fixture for pressure regulating valve housing according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: Hoist the entire tooling onto the worktable of the abrasive flow equipment and fix it in place, completing the docking and fixing of the tooling and the equipment; S2: Install multiple pressure regulating valve housings to be processed one by one into the centering position of the pressure sleeve (11) of the corresponding work station, and pre-assemble the pressure regulating valve housings by using the positioning and clamping assembly. S3: After the pressure regulating valve housing is fully installed, axial clamping is achieved through the cover plate (5); S4: Start the abrasive flow equipment. The abrasive enters the tooling cavity through the external connector and is rectified and decelerated by the flow guiding component. It flows downward along the inner wall of multiple workstations into the upper inlet hole of the pressure regulating valve housing, forcing the abrasive to pass downward only through the axial main hole. S5: First, use low pressure for pre-grinding to stably brush the burrs in the cross holes and initially peel off the large flanged burrs; after pre-grinding, increase to the standard working pressure, and the abrasive continues to flow down along the main hole of the workpiece to brush the small burrs on the hole wall, and form a high-pressure turbulent flow field at the intersection of the main hole and the radial hole to remove the burrs solidified at the root of the node; the processed abrasive flows into the abrasive return channel of the base (1) to complete the circulation return.

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