Feeding and discharging device, automatic feeding and discharging device, full-automatic drilling machine and feeding and discharging system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of material conveying, and particularly relates to a feeding and discharging device, an automatic feeding and discharging device, a full-automatic drilling machine and a feeding and discharging system. The feeding and discharging device comprises a base, a lifting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a plurality of temporary storage bins arranged along a first direction. The conveying mechanism and the plurality of temporary storage bins are arranged in a second direction on the base. The lifting mechanism is used for driving the conveying mechanism and / or the plurality of temporary storage bins to lift along the first direction, so that the conveying mechanism can be docked with each temporary storage bin along the first direction. The lifting mechanism is used for accurately docking the conveying mechanism with each temporary storage bin of the material box, and feeding and discharging operations of material plates in the plurality of temporary storage bins are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material conveying technology, and in particular relates to a loading and unloading device, an automatic loading and unloading device, a fully automatic drilling machine and a loading and unloading system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when loading materials into a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism needs to be installed in the temporary storage bin. This mechanism transports the PCB boards from the storage bin out. While this solution achieves the purpose of conveying the boards, it requires a transmission mechanism in each storage bin, which undoubtedly greatly increases material costs and equipment complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the issue that the existing temporary storage bins are equipped with transmission mechanisms, which increases material costs and equipment complexity. The present invention provides a loading and unloading device, an automatic loading and unloading device, a fully automatic drilling machine and a loading and unloading system.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a loading and unloading device, including a base, a lifting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and a plurality of temporary storage bins arranged along a first direction, each of the temporary storage bins being used to temporarily store material plates; The conveying mechanism and the plurality of temporary storage bins are spaced apart on the base along the second direction; the lifting mechanism is used to drive the conveying mechanism and / or the plurality of temporary storage bins to move up and down along the first direction, so that the conveying mechanism can dock with at least one of the temporary storage bins, and the conveying mechanism is used to transfer the material plate from the external mechanism into the temporary storage bin or transfer the material plate from the temporary storage bin. The first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0005] Optionally, the conveying mechanism includes a second driving member, a connecting beam, and a conveying assembly. The conveying assembly is mounted on the connecting beam, and the lifting mechanism is connected to the connecting beam. The lifting mechanism can drive the connecting beam and the conveying assembly to move up and down along the first direction. The output end of the second driving member is connected to the conveying assembly. The second driving member can drive the conveying assembly to move, thereby moving the material plate in the corresponding temporary storage bin along the second direction.

[0006] Optionally, the conveying mechanism further includes a first driving member, the connecting beam includes two sub-connecting beams, the conveying assembly includes two conveying members, both of which are disposed between the two sub-connecting beams, and each conveying member is installed on the corresponding sub-connecting beam; The first drive member is capable of driving at least one of the two sub-connecting beams to move along the first direction, so that the two conveying members can clamp or release the material plate.

[0007] Optionally, the first driving member includes two first sub-driving members, the output ends of the two first sub-driving members are respectively connected to each of the sub-connecting beams, and the first sub-driving members are used to drive the corresponding sub-connecting beams to reciprocate along the first direction, so that the two conveying members can move towards each other or away from each other.

[0008] Optionally, the second driving member includes two second sub-driving members, the output ends of the two second sub-driving members being connected to each of the conveying members in a one-to-one correspondence. The second sub-driving members are used to drive the corresponding conveying members to move, so that the two conveying members drive the clamped material plate to move along the second direction.

[0009] Optionally, the conveying component includes a mounting frame, a drive shaft, and multiple sub-conveyors. The mounting frame is connected to the sub-connecting beam, the sub-conveyors are disposed on the mounting frame, and the multiple sub-conveyors are interconnected via the drive shaft, which is connected to the output end of the second drive component.

[0010] Optionally, the sub-conveyor includes a drive wheel, a belt, and at least one driven wheel. The drive wheel is mounted on the drive shaft, the driven wheel is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the belt is wound around the drive wheel and at least one driven wheel.

[0011] Optionally, the conveying assembly further includes a buffer connected between the mounting bracket of one of the conveyors and the corresponding sub-connecting beam, the buffer being used to cushion the material plate when the two conveyors clamp it.

[0012] Optionally, the conveying mechanism includes a driving component and a clamping component. The driving component can drive the clamping component to move relative to the base, so as to move the clamping component closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin in a second direction. The clamping assembly is used to clamp the material plate in the temporary storage bin.

[0013] Optionally, the clamping assembly includes a clamping member, a clamping drive member, and a guide plate. One end of the guide plate is rotatably connected to the output end of the clamping drive member, and the other end of the guide plate is rotatably connected to the clamping member. The clamping drive member can drive the clamping member to move up and down along the first direction to clamp or release the material plate.

[0014] Optionally, the loading and unloading device further includes a third driving member, the conveying mechanism being movably connected to the base, and the third driving member being able to drive the conveying mechanism to move along the second direction, so that the conveying mechanism can move closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin in the second direction.

[0015] Optionally, the loading and unloading device further includes a material bin, and a plurality of temporary storage bins are spaced apart in the material bin along the first direction; The material bins are arranged in multiple ways and spaced apart along a third direction, with the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersecting each other.

[0016] Optionally, multiple conveying assemblies are provided, and the multiple conveying assemblies are spaced apart on the connecting beam along the third direction, and the multiple conveying assemblies are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple material boxes; The second driving element is provided in multiple ways, and each second driving element can drive the corresponding conveying component to move; or, the multiple conveying components are interconnected and the second driving element can drive the multiple conveying components to move simultaneously.

[0017] Optionally, the lifting mechanism is disposed on the base, and the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the bottom of the plurality of temporary storage bins. The lifting mechanism can drive the plurality of temporary storage bins to move up and down along the first direction.

[0018] Optionally, the lifting mechanism is disposed on the base, the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the conveying mechanism, and the lifting mechanism can drive the conveying mechanism to move up and down along the first direction.

[0019] Optionally, the loading and unloading device further includes a clapping mechanism, which is installed on the base and located on the side of the temporary storage bin away from the conveying mechanism. The clapping mechanism is used to position the material plates in the plurality of temporary storage bins along the second direction.

[0020] Optionally, the clapping mechanism includes a fourth driving member and a clapping rod. The fourth driving member can drive the clapping rod to approach the temporary storage bin along the second direction, so that the clapping rod can push against the material plates of the plurality of temporary storage bins.

[0021] Optionally, the clapper mechanism further includes a mounting beam, a connecting rod assembly, and a fifth driving member. The mounting beam is slidably connected to the base, and the clapper is rotatably mounted on the mounting beam. The connecting rod assembly is connected between the output end of the fifth driving member and the clapper. The fifth driving member can drive the connecting rod assembly to move and rotate the clapper to avoid collisions when multiple temporary storage compartments enter or leave the base.

[0022] Optionally, the linkage assembly includes a first linkage and a second linkage, one end of the second linkage is connected to the paddle, the paddle is rotatably mounted on the mounting beam about a first axis, the other end of the second linkage is rotatably connected to the first linkage about a second axis, the first linkage is rotatably connected to the output end of the fifth drive member, and the first axis is parallel to the second axis; The fifth driving component can drive the first connecting rod to move, thereby causing the second connecting rod to rotate around the second axis, and thus causing the racket handle to rotate around the first axis.

[0023] Optionally, the loading and unloading device further includes an adjustment component connected to the base. The adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the conveying mechanism and the plurality of temporary storage bins so that one of the plurality of temporary storage bins is aligned with the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine.

[0024] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment mechanism; the first adjustment mechanism includes a first plate, a second plate, and a slide table, the slide table being connected between the first plate and the second plate, the second plate being mounted on the base, and the second plate being able to move relative to the first plate via the slide table to adjust the position of the plurality of temporary storage bins, such that one of the plurality of temporary storage bins is aligned with the worktable.

[0025] Optionally, the first adjustment mechanism further includes a sixth driving member and a seventh driving member. The sixth driving member is used to drive the second plate to move along the second direction or to drive the second plate to rotate on the horizontal plane. The seventh driving member is used to drive the second plate to move along the third direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the third direction and is located on the horizontal plane.

[0026] Optionally, the sixth driving component includes two sixth sub-driving components, which are spaced apart in the third direction, and the output terminals of both sixth sub-driving components are connected to the second plate. When the two sixth sub-driving units synchronously drive the second plate, the second plate moves along the second direction; When the two sixth sub-drives asynchronously drive the second plate, the second plate rotates on the horizontal plane.

[0027] Optionally, the adjustment assembly further includes a second adjustment mechanism, which includes multiple telescopic support members. The ends of the multiple telescopic support members away from the base can abut against the ground. The multiple telescopic support members can extend and retract to adjust the position of the base so that the temporary storage area of ​​the temporary storage bin is flush with the processing area of ​​the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine.

[0028] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic loading and unloading device for loading and unloading PCB boards, including a self-moving chassis and the loading and unloading device as described above disposed on the self-moving chassis.

[0029] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a fully automatic drilling machine, including a drilling machine workbench and an automatic loading and unloading device as described above, wherein the conveying mechanism can drive the material plate to transfer between the drilling machine workbench and the temporary storage bin.

[0030] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a loading and unloading system, including a transfer station and a fully automatic drilling machine as described above. The transfer station is configured to temporarily store the plurality of temporary storage bins. The loading and unloading device is disposed at the transfer station or the self-moving chassis. The loading and unloading device is used to transfer the plurality of temporary storage bins between the self-moving chassis and the transfer station. The self-moving chassis is used to dock with the workbench of the drilling machine to transport the material plate.

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention provides a loading and unloading device that uses a lifting mechanism to move multiple temporary storage bins and / or a conveying mechanism up and down. This allows for adjustment of the height of the conveying mechanism and each temporary storage bin, ensuring accurate docking between the conveying mechanism and at least one temporary storage bin. By using the conveying mechanism to load and unload material plates from the temporary storage bins, the device can quickly and accurately transfer the material plates from the bins to external mechanisms, such as a drilling machine workbench, or directly store material plates from the drilling machine workbench into the temporary storage bins. This eliminates the need for complex transmission mechanisms within each temporary storage bin; the conveying mechanism alone can handle the loading and unloading operations for each bin. This significantly simplifies the system structure and effectively reduces the high costs associated with individually configuring transmission devices in each temporary storage bin. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a loading and unloading device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a conveying mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of a conveying mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a conveying assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a clapping mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a self-moving chassis provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the first adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 10. Base; 20. Conveying mechanism; 21. Connecting beam; 211. Sub-connecting beam; 22. Conveying assembly; 221. Conveying component; 2211. Mounting bracket; 2212. Drive shaft; 2213. Sub-conveying component; 22131. Drive wheel; 22132. Belt; 22133. Driven wheel; 222. Buffer; 2221. Guide shaft; 2222. Sliding sleeve; 23. First driving component; 231. First sub-driving component; 24. Second driving component; 241. Second sub-driving component; 25. Bracket; 251. Support plate; 26. Third driving component; 30. Self-moving chassis; 31. First adjustment mechanism; 311. First plate; 312. Second plate; 313. Sixth drive component; 3131. Sixth sub-drive component; 314. Seventh drive component; 315. Slide table; 3151. First slide table; 3152. Second slide table; 3153. Rotary connector; 32. Second adjustment mechanism; 321. Telescopic support component; 3211. Eighth drive component; 3212. Support component; 32121. Connecting rod; 32122. Universal joint; 3213. Base plate; 3214. Lead screw fixing seat; 3215. Lead screw; 3216. Nut seat; 322. Switch baffle; 323. First limit switch; 324. Second limit switch; 325. Transition plate; 40. Clapper mechanism; 41. Fourth driving component; 42. Clapper arm; 43. Mounting beam; 44. Linkage assembly; 441. First link; 442. Second link; 45. Fifth driving component; 51. Lifting mechanism; 52. Material box bracket; 521. Bracket body; 5211. Connecting plate; 5212. Lifting beam; 522. Support beam; 5221. Support body; 5222. Transfer plate; 53. Material box; a) First direction; b) Second direction; c) Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a loading and unloading device, including a base 10, a conveying mechanism 20, a lifting mechanism 51, and a plurality of temporary storage bins arranged along a first direction, each temporary storage bin being used to temporarily store material plates. The conveying mechanism 20 and the plurality of temporary storage bins are spaced apart on the base 10 in a second direction b. The lifting mechanism 51 is used to drive the conveying mechanism 20 and / or the plurality of temporary storage bins to move up and down in the first direction, so that the conveying mechanism 20 can dock with at least one temporary storage bin in the second direction b, where the first and second directions intersect. The conveying mechanism 20 can transfer material plates from external mechanisms into temporary storage bins or transfer material plates from temporary storage bins.

[0036] The lifting mechanism 51 can drive the conveying mechanism 20 to move up and down to adjust the height of the conveying mechanism 20; alternatively, the lifting mechanism can drive multiple temporary storage bins to move up and down to adjust the height of each temporary storage bin. Alternatively, the conveying mechanism 20 and each of the multiple temporary storage bins can be connected to a lifting mechanism.

[0037] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 51 drives the conveying mechanism 20 and / or multiple temporary storage bins to move up and down, adjusting the height of the conveying mechanism 20 and each temporary storage bin to ensure accurate docking between the conveying mechanism 20 and each temporary storage bin. The conveying mechanism 20 performs loading and unloading operations on the material plates in the multiple temporary storage bins. In this embodiment, there is no need to install complex transmission mechanisms in each temporary storage bin; loading and unloading operations can be achieved solely through the conveying mechanism. This greatly simplifies the system structure and effectively reduces the high cost associated with individually configuring transmission devices in each temporary storage bin.

[0038] Specifically, on the PCB production line, when transferring PCBs between the temporary storage bins and the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine, the conveying mechanism 20 performs loading and unloading operations on the PCBs in multiple temporary storage bins. The lifting mechanism 51 drives the temporary storage bins to move up and down. Each temporary storage bin cooperates with the conveying mechanism 20 to transport the PCBs in each temporary storage bin to the drilling machine worktable. After processing, the PCBs are stored in the corresponding temporary storage bins.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the conveying mechanism 20 includes a second driving component 24, a connecting beam 21, and a conveying assembly 22. The conveying assembly 22 is mounted on the connecting beam 21. During loading and unloading operations, the lifting mechanism 51 is connected to the connecting beam 21. The lifting mechanism 51 can drive the connecting beam 21 and the conveying assembly 22 to move up and down, so that the conveying assembly 22 can dock with the material plates in each temporary storage bin.

[0040] The output end of the second driving component 24 is connected to the conveying component 22. When the conveying component 22 is connected to one of the temporary storage bins, the conveying component 22 can contact the material plate. The second driving component 24 can drive the conveying component 22 to move, thereby moving the material plate in the corresponding temporary storage bin along the second direction b, so as to send the material plate out or store it in each temporary storage bin, thereby realizing the conveying of the material plate.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the conveying mechanism 20 also includes a first driving member 23. The output end of the first driving member 23 is connected to the connecting beam 21, and the first driving member 23 can drive the connecting beam 21 to reciprocate along a first direction. The connecting beam 21 includes two sub-connecting beams 211, and the conveying assembly 22 includes two conveying members 221. Both conveying members 221 are disposed between the two sub-connecting beams 211, and each conveying member 221 is mounted on a corresponding sub-connecting beam 211. The first driving member 23 can drive at least one of the two sub-connecting beams 211 to move along the first direction, so that the two conveying members 221 can clamp or release the material plate.

[0042] Since the two conveying components 221 are respectively installed on the corresponding sub-connecting beams 211, the movement of the sub-connecting beams 211 will drive the conveying components 221 to move synchronously. When the two sub-connecting beams 211 move closer to each other, the two conveying components 221 also move closer to each other, thereby clamping the material plate; when the two sub-connecting beams 211 move away from each other, the two conveying components 221 also move away from each other, thereby releasing the material plate.

[0043] In this embodiment, by controlling the movement of the two sub-connecting beams 211 in the first direction, the two conveying components 221 can clamp the material plate, ensuring the stability of the material plate during the conveying process along the second direction b, and avoiding the material plate from shifting or slipping during the conveying process.

[0044] As an example, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the conveying mechanism 20 includes a first driving member 23, a second driving member 24, a connecting beam 21, and a conveying assembly 22. When the lifting mechanism 51 is connected to the conveying mechanism, and when the conveying mechanism 20 docks with the temporary storage bin, the lifting mechanism 51 first drives the conveying mechanism 20 to move up and down, so that the conveying assembly 22 reaches the corresponding temporary storage bin. Then, the first driving member 23 drives at least one of the two sub-connecting beams 211 to move up and down, so that the two conveying members 221 can clamp or release the material plate in the temporary storage bin. Alternatively, when the lifting mechanism 51 is connected to multiple temporary storage bins, the lifting mechanism 51 first drives the multiple temporary storage bins to move up and down, so that the conveying assembly 22 can dock with one of the temporary storage bins. Then, the first driving member 23 drives at least one of the two sub-connecting beams 211 to move up and down, so that the two conveying members 221 can clamp or release the material plate in the temporary storage bin.

[0045] After the two conveying components 221 clamp the material plate, the conveying assembly 22 is driven to move by the second driving component 24, causing the material plate to move. With the cooperation of the first driving component 23 and the second driving component 24, the conveying assembly 22 can directly send the material plate out or into the temporary storage bin, which has high loading and unloading efficiency.

[0046] In this configuration, the first direction a is perpendicular to the second direction b, where the second direction b is the X direction and the first direction a is the Z direction. In PCB manufacturing, along the second direction b, the conveying mechanism 20 is located between the temporary storage bin and the drilling machine worktable, enabling bidirectional transfer of the PCB material between the temporary storage bin and the drilling machine worktable.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, the first driving member 23 is used to drive the two sub-connecting beams 211 to move towards each other or away from each other in a first direction, so that the two conveying members 221 can move towards each other or away from each other. When clamping the material plate, the two conveying members 221 contact the material plate at the same time, and the force applied to the material plate is more uniform, which can better ensure the stability of the material plate in the clamping state.

[0048] Alternatively, the first driving member 23 is used to drive one of the sub-connecting beams 211 to move along a first direction, while the other sub-connecting beam 211 is fixedly disposed relative to the first driving member 23. Under the driving action of the first driving member 23, the sub-connecting beam 211 connected to the first driving member 23 drives its corresponding conveyor 221 to move closer to or away from the conveyor 221 on the other sub-connecting beam 211, thereby realizing the clamping and releasing of the material plate.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the first driving member 23 includes two first sub-driving members 231, and the connecting beam 21 includes two sub-connecting beams 211. The output ends of the two first sub-driving members 231 are respectively connected to each sub-connecting beam 211. The first sub-driving members 231 are used to drive the corresponding sub-connecting beam 211 to move along the first direction, so that the two sub-connecting beams 211 move towards each other or away from each other in the first direction, thereby enabling the two conveying members 221 to clamp or release the material plate.

[0050] The movement of the two sub-connecting beams 211 is independently controlled by the two first sub-drive components 231, which enables the sub-connecting beams 211 to respond quickly, thus helping to achieve faster movement of the sub-connecting beams 211 and more efficient material plate clamping and releasing operations.

[0051] The first sub-drive component 231 includes at least a motor, a lead screw, and a lead screw seat. The output end of the motor is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw seat is connected between the lead screw and the sub-connecting beam 211. Under the drive of the motor, the sub-connecting beam 211 can be driven to move up and down.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second driving component 24 includes two second sub-driving components 241. The output ends of the two second sub-driving components 241 are respectively connected to each conveyor component 221. The second sub-driving components 241 are used to drive the corresponding conveyor component 221 to move, so that the two conveyor components 221 drive the clamped material plate to move along the second direction b. The two second sub-driving components 241 are activated simultaneously, so that the two conveyor components 221 keep the conveying synchronously, thereby ensuring that the material plate can move smoothly along the second direction b when clamped, without tilting or deflection. Moreover, the simultaneous conveying of the two conveyor components 221 results in a higher conveying speed for the material plate, which helps to improve the rhythm and efficiency of the entire production process.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the conveyor 221 includes a mounting frame 2211, a drive shaft 2212, and multiple sub-conveyors 2213. The mounting frame 2211 is connected to the sub-connecting beam 211, thus connecting the conveyor 221 to the sub-connecting beam 211. The sub-conveyors 2213 are mounted on the mounting frame 2211, and the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 are interconnected via the drive shaft 2212, which is connected to the output end of the second drive member 24. Furthermore, the drive shaft 2212 is connected to the output end of the second sub-drive member 241.

[0054] When the second drive unit 24 is started, its output power is first transmitted to the drive shaft 2212. Since multiple sub-conveyors 2213 are interconnected through the drive shaft 2212, the drive shaft 2212 transmits power from the second drive unit 24 to each sub-conveyor 2213, thereby driving the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 to move synchronously, thus ensuring the stability of the material plate during the conveying process.

[0055] In one embodiment, the number of sub-conveyors 2213 can be determined based on the size of the material plate. For example... Figure 4 As shown, taking two sub-conveying components 2213 as an example, the drive shaft 2212 passes through the mounting frame 2211 and protrudes from the mounting frame 2211 at both ends. The drive wheel 22131 of one sub-conveying component 2213 is installed at one end of the drive shaft 2212, and the drive wheel 22131 of the other sub-conveying component 2213 is installed at the other end of the drive shaft 2212.

[0056] In one embodiment, the second sub-drive unit 241 includes a motor and a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is connected between the output end of the motor and the drive shaft 2212. The motor can drive the drive shaft 2212 to rotate through the transmission assembly, thereby driving the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 to move. The transmission assembly can be, but is not limited to, a belt drive assembly or a chain drive assembly.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the sub-conveyor 2213 includes a drive wheel 22131, a belt 22132, and at least one driven wheel 22133. The drive wheel 22131 is mounted on the drive shaft 2212, the driven wheel 22133 is mounted on the mounting bracket 2211, and the belt 22132 is wound around the drive wheel 22131 and the at least one driven wheel 22133. The drive wheels 22131 of the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 are spaced apart on the drive shaft 2212. The second drive member 24 can drive the drive shaft 2212 to rotate, thereby driving the multiple drive wheels 22131 to rotate, and thus driving the belts 22132 of the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 to move.

[0058] In the conveying assembly 22, the belts 22132 of the two conveying members 221 move in opposite directions. When the two conveying members 221 clamp the material plate, the two belts 22132 directly contact the material plate, and the two belts 22132 apply a force in the same direction to the material plate, thereby driving the material plate to move along the second direction b.

[0059] Furthermore, one or more driving pulleys 22131 may be provided. When one driving pulley 22131 is provided, a belt 22132 is wound around the driving pulley 22131 and all the driven pulleys 22133. When multiple driving pulleys 22131 are provided, the number of driving pulleys 22131 is the same as the number of driven pulleys 22133, and a belt 22132 may be wound on each driving pulley 22131 and the corresponding driven pulley 22133.

[0060] As an example, the second direction b is the X direction, and the first direction a is the Z direction. The second drive unit 24 includes two second sub-drive units 241, which are referred to as "upper second sub-drive unit" and "lower second sub-drive unit" for ease of description. The conveying assembly 22 includes two conveying units 221, which are referred to as "upper conveying unit" and "lower conveying unit" for ease of description.

[0061] The output end of the upper second sub-drive unit is connected to the drive shaft 2212 of the upper conveyor. The upper second sub-drive unit can drive the drive shaft 2212 of the upper conveyor to rotate, thereby driving the belts 22132 of the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 of the upper conveyor to move synchronously. The output end of the lower second sub-drive unit is connected to the drive shaft 2212 of the lower conveyor. The lower second sub-drive unit can drive the drive shaft 2212 of the lower conveyor to rotate, thereby driving the belts 22132 of the multiple sub-conveyors 2213 of the lower conveyor to move synchronously.

[0062] The movement direction of the belt 22132 of the upper conveyor is opposite to that of the belt 22132 of the lower conveyor. That is, when the belt 22132 of the upper conveyor moves clockwise, the belt 22132 of the lower conveyor moves counterclockwise. This allows the upper and lower belts to work together to move the material plate along the second direction b.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the conveying assembly 22 also includes a buffer 222. The buffer 222 is connected between the mounting bracket 2211 of one of the conveyors 221 and the corresponding sub-connecting beam 211. The buffer 222 is used to buffer when the two conveyors 221 clamp the material plate. At the moment when the conveyor 221 contacts the material plate, the buffer 222 can reduce the collision between the conveyor 221 and the material plate, and reduce the damage to the material plate that may be caused by excessive impact force.

[0064] The buffer 222 can be connected between the mounting frame 2211 of the upper conveyor and the upper sub-connecting beam, or the buffer 222 can be connected between the mounting frame 2211 of the lower conveyor and the lower sub-connecting beam.

[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the buffer component 222 includes a guide shaft 2221, a sliding sleeve 2222, and an elastic element. The sliding sleeve 2222 is connected to the sub-connecting beam 211, and the guide shaft 2221 is connected to the mounting frame 2211. The sliding sleeve 2222 is fitted over the guide shaft 2221, and the elastic element is disposed between the outer circumferential surface of the guide shaft 2221 and the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 2222. The elastic element is capable of elastic deformation. When the conveyor 221 abuts against the material plate, the reaction force on the mounting frame 2211 is transmitted to the elastic element through the guide shaft 2221, causing the elastic element to deform and thus providing a buffering effect.

[0066] The elastic element can be, but is not limited to, a spring, a tension spring, or an elastic rubber component.

[0067] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the loading and unloading device includes a third drive member 26, and a conveying mechanism 20 is movably connected to the base 10. The third drive member 26 drives the conveying mechanism 20 to move along the second direction b, so that the conveying mechanism 20 can move closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin.

[0068] When conveying a material plate between the temporary storage bin and the drilling machine worktable, the third drive member 26 drives the conveying mechanism 20 to move along the second direction b, which can adjust the position of the conveying mechanism 20 between the temporary storage bin and the drilling machine worktable. When conveying a material plate to the drilling machine worktable, the third drive member 26 drives the conveying assembly 22 to move towards the temporary storage bin, so that the two conveying members of the conveying assembly 22 can clamp the material plate in the temporary storage bin. Driven by the second drive member 24, the two conveying members 221 move simultaneously to convey the material plate to the drilling machine worktable. When the drilling machine unloads material, the third drive member 26 drives the conveying mechanism 20 to move towards the drilling machine, so that the two conveying members of the conveying assembly 22 can clamp the material plate on the drilling machine. Driven by the second drive member 24, the two conveying members 221 move simultaneously to store the material plate in the temporary storage bin.

[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the conveying mechanism 20 also includes a bracket 25, a connecting beam 21 and a first driving member 23 mounted on the bracket 25, the bracket 25 being movably connected to the base 10, the connecting beam 21 being movably connected to the bracket 25, and the output end of the third driving member 26 being connected to the bracket 25. The third driving member 26 can drive the bracket 25 to move along the second direction b, and drive the connecting beam 21 and the conveying assembly 22 to move together along the second direction b.

[0070] The third driving component 26 includes at least a motor and a lead screw. The output end of the motor is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw is connected to the bracket 25. The motor can drive the bracket 25 to move along the second direction b.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bracket 25 includes two support plates 251, and the connecting beam 21 is located between the two support plates 251. Under the drive of the first driving member 23, the sub-connecting beam 211 can slide up and down relative to the two support plates 251 in the first direction. Two third driving members 26 are provided, and the two third driving members 26 are connected to the two support plates 251 in a one-to-one correspondence. The stability of the connecting beam 21 in the second direction b is ensured by the joint drive of the two third driving members 26.

[0072] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, there are two first driving members 23, which are respectively mounted on two support plates 251. Each first driving member 23 includes two first sub-driving members 231. The upper sub-connecting beam is driven by the first sub-driving members 231 on the two support plates 251, and the lower sub-connecting beam is driven by the first sub-driving members 231 on the two support plates 251, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement of the two sub-connecting beams 211 in the first direction.

[0073] In another embodiment, the conveying mechanism 20 includes a driving component and a clamping component. The driving component can drive the clamping component to move relative to the base along a second direction b, thereby causing the clamping component to move closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin along the second direction b. The clamping component is used to clamp the material plate in the temporary storage bin. After the clamping component clamps the material plate, the driving component drives the clamping component to move along the second direction b, which can deliver the material plate in the temporary storage bin to the drilling machine worktable, or deliver the material plate on the drilling machine worktable into the temporary storage bin.

[0074] The conveying mechanism 20 also includes a crossbeam, a clamping assembly mounted on the crossbeam, and a driving assembly capable of driving the crossbeam to move relative to the base along the second direction b, thereby causing the clamping assembly to move along the second direction.

[0075] Multiple clamping components are provided, and multiple clamping components are spaced apart on the crossbeam. Multiple temporary storage bins are spaced apart along the first direction in the material bin. Multiple material bins are provided, and each clamping component can dock with the corresponding material bin.

[0076] In another embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a clamping member, a clamping drive member, and a guide plate. One end of the guide plate is rotatably connected to the output end of the clamping drive member, and the other end of the guide plate is rotatably connected to the clamping member. The clamping drive member can drive the clamping member to move up and down along a first direction to clamp or release the material plate.

[0077] The clamping assembly also includes a support base, a sliding block, and a clamping seat. The support base is mounted on the crossbeam, and the clamping drive and the clamping seat are mounted on the support base. The sliding block is connected to the output end of the clamping drive, and the clamping drive can drive the sliding block to move upward in a third direction.

[0078] The clamping base is provided with a guide groove extending in a first direction. One end of the clamping member is located in the guide groove and connected to the guide plate, while the other end of the clamping member is located outside the guide groove.

[0079] The guide plate has an inclined groove, and the sliding block has a pin located in the inclined groove. Driven by the clamping drive, the sliding block moves in a third direction, which in turn moves the pin in the inclined groove. As the pin moves, it causes the end of the guide plate closest to the clamping member to move up and down, thereby causing the clamping member to move up and down along the guide groove. When the clamping member moves upward, it clamps the material plate; when it moves downward, it releases the material plate.

[0080] The drive assembly includes a motor and a roller assembly. The crossbeam extends along a third direction, and roller assemblies are provided at both ends of the crossbeam. Correspondingly, a track for the roller assembly to move can be provided on the base or in each temporary storage compartment. Driven by the motor, the roller assembly rotates and moves along the preset track, thereby driving the crossbeam to move, so that the clamping assembly can enter each temporary storage compartment. After the clamping assembly clamps the material plate, it can realize the movement of the material plate in the second direction b.

[0081] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the loading and unloading device also includes a material box, and multiple temporary storage bins are spaced apart in the material box along the first direction. The material plates are stored in different temporary storage bins, and the conveying mechanism can dock with each layer of temporary storage bins in the material box.

[0082] The device includes multiple material bins spaced apart along a third direction, with the first, second, and third directions intersecting in pairs. The loading and unloading mechanism can simultaneously connect multiple material bins to the drilling machine, further improving loading and unloading efficiency.

[0083] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, multiple conveying components 22 are provided. The connecting beam 21 extends along a third direction, and the multiple conveying components 22 are spaced apart along the third direction on the connecting beam 21. The multiple conveying components 22 are arranged one-to-one with multiple material bins 53, and each conveying component 22 can dock with each temporary storage bin of the corresponding material bin 53. In this embodiment, each conveying component 22 can work independently and can realize the conveying operation of the material plate in each temporary storage bin of the corresponding material bin 53.

[0084] When the drilling machine is a multi-axis drilling machine, multiple conveying components 22 can simultaneously load and unload multiple material bins 53 without interfering with each other, resulting in high loading and unloading efficiency.

[0085] In one embodiment, multiple second driving members 24 are provided, each second driving member 24 can drive the corresponding conveying component 22 to move, and each second driving member 24 can independently drive the corresponding conveying component 22 to move, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the entire conveying mechanism 20.

[0086] Alternatively, multiple conveying components 22 can be interconnected through a transmission mechanism, and the second drive unit 24 can drive the multiple conveying components 22 to move simultaneously. In this case, the multiple conveying components 22 are interconnected through a specific transmission mechanism. After the second drive unit 24 is activated, it transmits power to one of the conveying components 22, and then transmits the power to the other conveying components 22 in sequence through the transmission mechanism, so that the multiple conveying components 22 move simultaneously. This ensures that the movements of the multiple conveying components 22 have a certain degree of synchronicity, enabling them to work in coordination when conveying the material plate and maintain the same conveying speed and direction of movement.

[0087] As an example, when multiple second driving members 24 are provided, each second driving member 24 includes two second sub-driving members 241. Each second driving member 24 can independently drive the corresponding conveying assembly 22 to move. Multiple conveying assemblies 22 and multiple second driving members 24 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. In each corresponding set of conveying assemblies 22 and second driving members 24, the output end of the upper second sub-driving member is connected to the drive shaft 2212 of the upper conveying member, and the output end of the lower second sub-driving member is connected to the drive shaft 2212 of the lower conveying member.

[0088] As an example, when there is one second drive unit 24, the second drive unit 24 includes two second sub-drive units 241. After the second drive unit 24 is started, the output end of the upper second sub-drive unit is connected to the drive shaft 2212 of one of the upper conveyors, and is driven by a transmission mechanism to drive all the drive shafts 2212 of the upper conveyors to rotate together. The output end of the lower second sub-drive unit is connected to the drive shaft 2212 of one of the lower conveyors, and is driven by a transmission mechanism to drive all the drive shafts 2212 of the lower conveyors to rotate together.

[0089] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the lifting mechanism 51 is mounted on the base 10. The output end of the lifting mechanism 51 is connected to the bottom of multiple temporary storage bins. The lifting mechanism 51 can drive the multiple temporary storage bins to move up and down in a first direction. That is, the output end of the lifting mechanism 51 is connected to the material box, and the lifting mechanism 51 can drive the material box 53 to move up and down, so that each temporary storage bin can dock with the conveying component 22.

[0090] When multiple material boxes 53 are provided, the multiple material boxes 53 are placed on the material box bracket 52. The material box bracket 52 is slidably connected to the base 10 and connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism 51. The lifting mechanism 51 can drive the material box bracket 52 to move up and down, thereby driving the multiple material boxes 53 on the material box bracket 52 to move up and down together, so as to realize the docking of each material box 53 with the corresponding conveying component 22.

[0091] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the material box bracket 52 includes a bracket body 521 and multiple support beams 522. The bracket body 521 includes a connecting plate 5211 and two lifting beams 5212. The lifting beams 5212 extend along a third direction c, and the support beams 522 extend along a second direction b. The multiple support beams 522 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the lifting beams 5212. Two adjacent support beams 522 form a support position for placing the material box 53, and each material box 53 is placed on the corresponding support position.

[0092] Preferably, the support beam 522 includes a support body 5221 and a transition plate 5222. One end of the support body 5221 is mounted on one of the lifting beams 5212, and the transition plate 5222 is connected to the other end of the support body 5221 and the other lifting beam 5212. The transition plate 5222 is located below the support body 5221 in the first direction, so that it avoids the conveying component 22 when it moves up and down with the connecting beam 21, reducing the impact on the stroke of the conveying component 22.

[0093] In an alternative embodiment, the lifting mechanism 51 is disposed on the base 10, and the output end of the lifting mechanism 51 is connected to the conveying mechanism 20. The lifting mechanism 51 can drive the conveying mechanism 20 to move up and down in the first direction.

[0094] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the loading and unloading device also includes a clapping mechanism 40. The clapping mechanism 40 is installed on the base 10 and located on the side of the temporary storage bin of the material box 53 away from the conveying mechanism 20. The clapping mechanism 40 is used to position the material plates in the multiple temporary storage bins along the second direction b, so that the material plates in the multiple temporary storage bins are simultaneously aligned on the side away from the conveying mechanism 20. At the same time, the clapping mechanism 40 can also clap the material plates in the multiple temporary storage bins, so that the multi-layer material plates can move a certain distance toward the conveying assembly 22, which facilitates the clamping of the material plates by the two conveying components of the conveying assembly 22.

[0095] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5As shown, the clapping mechanism 40 includes a fourth driving member 41 and a clapping rod 42. The fourth driving member 41 can drive the clapping rod 42 to approach the temporary storage bins along the second direction b, so that the clapping rod 42 can push against the material plates of multiple temporary storage bins. The material plates of multiple temporary storage bins may be misaligned in the vertical direction. The clapping rod 42 can tap and position the material plates of multiple temporary storage bins, so that the edges of the material plates can be accurately aligned.

[0096] The fourth driving component 41 includes at least a motor and a lead screw. The lead screw is connected to the racket arm 42, and the motor can drive the racket arm 42 to move.

[0097] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the clapper mechanism 40 also includes a mounting beam 43, a connecting rod assembly 44, and a fifth driving member 45. The mounting beam 43 is slidably connected to the base 10, and the clapper 42 is rotatably mounted on the mounting beam 43. The output end of the fourth driving member 41 is connected to the rotation shaft of the clapper 42. The fourth driving member 41 can drive the clapper 42 to move along the second direction b, so that the clapper 42 can move closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin.

[0098] The linkage assembly 44 is connected between the output end of the fifth drive member 45 and the racket arm 42. The fifth drive member 45 can drive the linkage assembly 44 to move and drive the racket arm 42 to rotate, so as to avoid collisions when multiple storage compartments enter or leave the base 10.

[0099] The process of multiple temporary storage bins entering and exiting the base 10 is the process of the material box entering or leaving the material box bracket 52. During this process, if the lever 42 is fixed, it may collide with the material box. The linear motion of the output end of the fifth drive unit 45 is converted into the rotational motion of the lever 42 through the linkage assembly 44, so as to avoid the material box and ensure that the material box can smoothly enter and exit the material box bracket 52.

[0100] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the third direction c is the Y direction, and the mounting beam 43 extends along the third direction c. When multiple material boxes 53 are provided, the total number of flaps 42 is at least the same as the total number of material boxes 53. The multiple flaps 42 are spaced apart along the third direction c, and the multiple flaps 42 correspond one-to-one with the multiple material boxes 53. The fourth driving member 41 can drive the multiple flaps 42 to move along the second direction b, so that each flap 42 can tap on the material plate of the multiple temporary storage bins of the corresponding material box 53. The rotation shafts of the multiple flaps 42 are all mounted on the mounting beam 43. The output end of the fourth driving member 41 is connected to the rotation shaft of one of the flaps 42. By driving one of the flaps 42 through the fourth driving member 41, the mounting beam 43 can be moved along the second direction b, thereby driving the multiple flaps 42 to move together along the second direction b, so that each flap 42 can tap and position the corresponding material box 53.

[0101] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the linkage assembly 44 includes a first linkage 441 and a second linkage 442, with the second linkage 442 connecting the racket arm 42 and the first linkage 441. The racket arm 42 is rotatably mounted on the mounting beam 43 about a first axis. One end of the second linkage 442 is connected to the racket arm 42, and the other end of the second linkage 442 is rotatably connected to the first linkage 441 about a second axis. The first axis is parallel to the second axis, and the first axis is the central axis of the rotation axis of the racket arm 42.

[0102] The first connecting rod 441 is rotatably connected to the output end of the fifth driving member 45. The fifth driving member 45 is rotatably connected to the mounting beam 43. The fifth driving member 45 can drive the first connecting rod 441 to move, thereby causing the second connecting rod 442 to rotate around the second axis, which in turn causes the handle 42 to rotate around the first axis.

[0103] The end of the second connecting rod 442 closest to the first connecting rod 441 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 441 around a second axis, while the end of the second connecting rod 442 furthest from the first connecting rod 441 is connected to the flapping rod 42. This end of the second connecting rod 442 can rotate around a first axis. When the second connecting rod 442 rotates, the trajectory of the end of the second connecting rod 442 closest to the first connecting rod 441 is arc-shaped, causing the position of the first connecting rod 441 to change in both the third direction c and the first direction. The rotation of the second connecting rod 442 drives the flapping rod 42 to rotate around the first axis, thereby achieving avoidance of the material box.

[0104] The fifth driving component 45 is a cylinder or a lead screw stepper motor, whose output end can generate linear motion. The fixed end of the fifth driving component 45 is rotatably connected to the mounting beam 43, and the output end of the fifth driving component 45 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 441, so that the first connecting rod 441 can generate displacement in both the first direction and the third direction c, thereby enabling the end of the second connecting rod 442 near the first connecting rod 441 to rotate around the second axis.

[0105] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, multiple second links 442 are provided, and each second link 442 is connected to a corresponding racket handle 42. Each second link 442 is connected between the corresponding racket handle 42 and the first link 441, forming a four-bar linkage through the first link 441 and any two links. The fifth driving member 45 can drive the first link 441 to move, thereby causing the multiple second links 442 to rotate around their respective axes, thus causing the multiple racket handles 42 to rotate simultaneously.

[0106] The clapping mechanism 40 can be one or more. When there is one clapping mechanism 40, there is one first connecting rod 441, and all the second connecting rods 442 are connected to the first connecting rod 441 and spaced apart along a third direction. When there are multiple clapping mechanisms 40, the number of first connecting rods 441 is the same as the number of clapping mechanisms, and at least one second connecting rod 442 is connected to each first connecting rod 441, so that the total number of second connecting rods 442 should be at least the same as the total number of material boxes.

[0107] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the loading and unloading device also includes an adjustment component, which is connected to the base 10. The adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the conveying mechanism 20 and multiple temporary storage bins so that one of the multiple temporary storage bins is aligned with the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine, so that the material plate can be more accurately docked with the drilling machine worktable and the material plate can be smoothly conveyed to the drilling machine worktable.

[0108] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment mechanism 31, which is used to adjust the position of the base 10 in the second direction b and the third direction c, so as to adjust the position of the multiple temporary storage compartments. The first adjustment mechanism 31 includes a first plate 311, a second plate 312, and a slide 315. The slide 315 is connected between the first plate 311 and the second plate 312, so that the second plate 312 can move relative to the first plate 311.

[0109] The second plate 312 is mounted on the base 10. The movement of the second plate 312 relative to the first plate 311 drives the base 10 to move, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the multiple storage bins. This allows one of the storage bins to align with the drilling machine's worktable, facilitating the transport of the material plates from the storage bins to the drilling machine's worktable. The second direction b is perpendicular to the third direction c and defines the horizontal plane.

[0110] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first adjustment mechanism 31 also includes a sixth driving member 313 and a seventh driving member 314. The sixth driving member 313 is used to drive the second plate 312 to move along the second direction b or to drive the second plate 312 to rotate on the horizontal plane, and the seventh driving member 314 is used to drive the second plate 312 to move along the third direction c.

[0111] The sixth driving member 313 drives the second plate 312 to move in the second direction b, and the seventh driving member 314 drives the second plate 312 to move in the third direction c, so that the position of the base 10 can be flexibly adjusted on the two-dimensional plane. The sixth driving member 313 drives the second plate 312 to rotate, which can adjust the angle of the base 10, so that the multiple temporary storage bins of the material box can be precisely aligned with the drilling machine worktable.

[0112] In practical applications, the loading and unloading device is mounted on a self-moving chassis 30, which enables the movement of multiple material boxes. A base 10 is mounted on the self-moving chassis 30, and a first adjustment mechanism 31 is connected between the self-moving chassis 30 and the base 10. A first plate 311 is mounted on the self-moving chassis 30, and a second plate 312 is mounted on the base 10. When the self-moving chassis 30 is in position, the second plate 312 is moved via a sixth drive component 313 and a seventh drive component 314, thereby adjusting the base 10.

[0113] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the sixth driving unit 313 includes two sixth sub-driving units 3131, which are spaced apart on the third direction c. The output terminals of the two sixth sub-driving units 3131 are connected to the second plate 312, but the connection positions of the two sixth sub-driving units 3131 on the second plate 312 are different.

[0114] When the two sixth sub-drive units 3131 drive the second plate 312 synchronously, the driving force at the two positions of the second plate 312 is consistent, causing the second plate 312 to move along the second direction b. When the two sixth sub-drive units 3131 drive the second plate 312 asynchronously, the driving force at the two positions of the second plate 312 is inconsistent, causing the second plate 312 to rotate on the horizontal plane, and it will rotate towards the side with the smaller driving force. By controlling the different driving modes of the two sixth sub-drive units 3131, the second plate 312 can have different movement modes, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the position and angle of the base 10.

[0115] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, at least two slides 315 are provided, and the slides 315 are connected between the first plate 311 and the second plate 312 so that the second plate 312 can move relative to the first plate 311.

[0116] Taking two slides 315 as an example, the two slides 315 are spaced apart along the second direction b or the third direction c. Two sixth sub-drive members 3131 are connected to the two slides 315 in a one-to-one correspondence. A seventh drive member 314 is connected to one of the two slides 315. That is, one slide 315 is simultaneously connected to a seventh drive member 314 and a sixth sub-drive member 3131, and the other slide 315 is connected to another sixth sub-drive member 3131. The translation and rotation of the second plate 312 are realized through the three drive members.

[0117] When the seventh driving member 314 drives the second plate 312 to move along the third direction c, the second plate 312 will not deviate from the third direction c due to the restriction of the output terminals of the two sixth sub-driving members 3131 on the second plate 312.

[0118] Preferably, four slides 315 are provided and distributed at the four corners of the first plate 311. The two slides 312 are connected to the first plate 311 by the four slides 315. When the second plate 312 rotates, its rotation axis is located at the center of the second plate 312 and extends in the vertical direction.

[0119] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the slide 315 includes a first slide 3151, a second slide 3152, and a rotary connector 3153. The first slide 3151 is slidably connected to the first plate 311 along a third direction c, the second slide 3152 is slidably connected to the first slide 3151 along a second direction b, and the rotary connector 3153 is mounted on the second slide 3152 and rotatably connected to the second plate 312.

[0120] The output end of the sixth sub-drive unit 3131 is connected to the second slide 3152, thereby driving the second slide 3152 to move along the second direction b. When the two sixth sub-drive units 3131 are driven synchronously, the second slides 3152 of the two slides 315 move the same distance in the second direction b, realizing the translation of the second plate 312 in the second direction b. When the two sixth sub-drive units 3131 are driven asynchronously, the second slides 3152 of the two slides 315 move different distances in the second direction b, and the rotation of the second plate 312 on the horizontal plane is realized by the rotation connector 3153.

[0121] The output of the seventh drive unit 314 is connected to the first slide 3151. The seventh drive unit 314 can drive the first slide 3151 to move along a third direction c, thereby driving the second plate 312 to move along a third direction c. The other first slides 3151 will move relative to the first plate 311 along with the second plate 312. It can be understood that since the second slide 3152 is connected to the first slide 3151 and the second slide 3152 is connected to the sixth sub-drive unit 3131, when the first slide 3151 moves along a third direction c, the second slide 3152 and the sixth sub-drive unit 3131 will move together.

[0122] Specifically, for ease of description, let's use... Figure 8 The two slides 315 connected to the drive unit are distinguished by the "left slide" and the "right slide". The second slide 3152 of the left slide is connected to the output end of a sixth sub-drive unit 3131, which is mounted on the first slide 3151 of the left slide.

[0123] The first slide 3151 of the right slide is connected to the output end of the seventh drive member 314, which is fixed to the first plate 311. Another sixth sub-drive member 3131 is mounted on the first slide 3151 of the right slide, and its output end is connected to the second slide 3152 of the right slide. When the seventh drive member 314 drives the first slide 3151 of the right slide to move along a third direction c, the two sixth sub-drive members 3131 will move together with the first slide 3151 via the second plate 312.

[0124] The sixth sub-drive unit 3131 includes at least a motor and a lead screw, and the lead screw of the sixth sub-drive unit 3131 is connected to the second slide 3152. The seventh drive unit 314 includes at least a motor and a lead screw, and the lead screw of the seventh drive unit 314 is connected to the first slide 3151.

[0125] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 9 As shown, the adjustment assembly also includes a second adjustment mechanism 32, which includes multiple telescopic support members 321. The ends of the multiple telescopic support members 321 away from the base 10 can all abut against the ground. The multiple telescopic support members 321 can extend and retract to adjust the position of the base 10, ensuring the levelness of the material plate in the material box 53, so that the temporary storage area of ​​the temporary storage bin is flush with the processing area of ​​the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine, which helps to achieve precise docking between the temporary storage bin and the drilling machine worktable.

[0126] Multiple telescopic support members 321 are installed on the self-moving chassis 30, which drives the material box 53 to move. When the site is uneven, the telescopic support members 321 extend and retract, allowing the self-moving chassis 30 to adapt to the ground and remain stable. This ensures that the material plates in the temporary storage compartment of the material box 53 are in a horizontal state, facilitating the docking of the material plates with the drilling machine's worktable and reducing the impact of uneven ground on material plate transportation.

[0127] As an example, the adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment mechanism 31 and a second adjustment mechanism 32, both of which are mounted on the self-moving chassis 30. The first adjustment mechanism 31 can precisely adjust the position of the base 10 on the horizontal plane, thereby adjusting the position of the material box. The second adjustment mechanism 32 can adjust the levelness of the self-moving chassis 30, so that the self-moving chassis 30 can adapt to the ground and remain stable, thereby ensuring that the material plate in the material box is in a horizontal state, so that the material box can be more accurately docked with the processing table, and the material plate can be smoothly transported to the processing table.

[0128] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the self-moving chassis 30 has a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other; at least one telescopic support member 321 is located on the first side, and at least two telescopic support members 321 are located on the second side; or, at least one telescopic support member 321 is located on the second side, and at least two telescopic support members 321 are located on the first side. At least three telescopic support members 321 are provided, and in space, three points can uniquely define a plane. When the self-moving chassis 30 is on uneven ground, a stable support plane is constructed by at least three telescopic support members 321 to ensure the stability of the self-moving chassis 30 and the material plate. Furthermore, by placing different numbers of telescopic support members 321 on opposite sides of the self-moving chassis 30, the center of gravity can be balanced, preventing the self-moving chassis 30 from tipping over or tilting excessively.

[0129] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the telescopic support 321 includes an eighth drive member 3211, a base plate 3213, a lead screw fixing seat 3214, a lead screw 3215, a nut seat 3216, and a support member 3212. The base plate 3213 is connected to the self-moving chassis 30. The lead screw fixing seat 3214 is installed on the base plate 3213. The lead screw 3215 is rotatably installed on the lead screw fixing seat 3214 through a bearing. One end of the lead screw 3215 is connected to the output end of the eighth drive member 3211, and the other end of the lead screw 3215 is threadedly connected to the nut seat 3216. The support member 3212 is connected to the nut seat 3216.

[0130] The eighth driving member 3211 can drive the support member 3212 to move along the first direction, so that the support member 3212 can abut against the ground or detach from the ground, and the first direction intersects with the horizontal plane.

[0131] The eighth driving component 3211 drives the lead screw 3215 to rotate. Through the threaded connection between the lead screw 3215 and the nut seat 3216, this rotation is converted into linear motion of the nut seat 3216 along the first direction, which in turn drives the support component 3212 connected to the nut seat 3216 to move along the first direction. For every certain angle the eighth driving component 3211 drives the lead screw 3215 to rotate, the nut seat 3216 will move a certain distance along the axial direction of the lead screw 3215. This allows for precise control of the extension and retraction height of the support component 3212, enabling the self-moving chassis 30 to more accurately adapt to different ground heights, ensuring the material plate remains in the required horizontal position for precise docking with the next process.

[0132] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the support member 3212 includes a connecting rod 32121 and a universal joint 32122. One end of the connecting rod 32121 is connected to the output end of the eighth drive member 3211, and the other end of the connecting rod 32121 is provided with a ball joint and connected to the universal joint 32122. The ball joint allows for angular adjustment between the connecting rod 32121 and the universal joint 32122 in multiple directions. Even if the self-moving chassis 30 is located on a very uneven surface, the universal joint 32122 can flexibly change its posture according to the actual ground conditions, ensuring that the universal joint 32122 fits well against the ground and guarantees the stability of the support.

[0133] Among them, the universal joint 32122 is a universal foot cup.

[0134] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second adjustment mechanism 32 also includes a switch baffle 322, a first limit switch 323, and a second limit switch 324. The switch baffle 322 moves between the first limit switch 323 and the second limit switch 324 along a first direction. The first limit switch 323 is used to limit the highest position of the support member 3212 along the first direction, and the second limit switch 324 is used to limit the lowest position of the support member 3212 along the first direction, so as to limit the travel of the support member 3212 and effectively prevent the support member 3212 from over-extending.

[0135] Preferably, the first limit switch 323 is a U-shaped photoelectric sensor, and the second limit switch 324 is a U-shaped photoelectric sensor.

[0136] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7As shown, the second adjustment mechanism 32 also includes a transition plate 325, which is mounted on the self-moving chassis 30. One end of the telescopic support member 321 is connected to the transition plate 325, and the other end of the telescopic support member 321 can abut against the ground. By mounting the transition plate 325 on the self-moving chassis 30, a mounting position for the telescopic support member 321 is provided. Compared to directly fixing the telescopic support member 321 to the self-moving chassis 30, this embodiment helps to protect the structure of the self-moving chassis 30 and extend its service life.

[0137] Specifically, the transition plate 325 has a U-shaped structure, and two transition plates 325 are provided. One transition plate 325 is installed on the first side of the self-moving chassis 30, and the portion protruding from the self-moving chassis 30 is connected to the bottom plate 3213 of the telescopic support member 321 on the first side. The other transition plate 325 is installed on the second side of the self-moving chassis 30, and the portion protruding from the self-moving chassis 30 is connected to the bottom plate 3213 of the telescopic support member 321 on the second side.

[0138] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic loading and unloading device for loading and unloading PCB boards, including a self-moving chassis 30, which enables the movement of multiple material boxes or multiple temporary storage bins.

[0139] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a fully automatic drilling machine, including a drilling machine workbench and an automatic loading and unloading device as described in the above embodiments. The conveying component 22 can drive the material plate to be transferred between the drilling machine workbench and the temporary storage bin of the material box.

[0140] The drilling machine workbench has multiple processing stations. The self-moving chassis 30 drives multiple material boxes 53 to move, so that each material box 53 can dock with the corresponding processing station. The conveying component 22 can transport the material plate in the material box 53 to the corresponding processing station. After the drilling machine finishes processing the material plate, the conveying component 22 sends the material plate back to the temporary storage bin of the material box 53.

[0141] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a loading and unloading system, including a transfer station and the fully automatic drilling machine described in the above embodiments. The transfer station is configured to temporarily store multiple temporary storage bins, each of which contains a material plate. The loading and unloading device is located at the transfer station or on a self-moving chassis 30. The loading and unloading device is used to transfer multiple temporary storage bins between the conveying device and the transfer station. The self-moving chassis 30 is used to dock with the drilling machine's workbench to convey the material plate.

[0142] Multiple temporary storage bins are placed on the transfer station. The loading and unloading device can remove the multiple temporary storage bins from the transfer station and move them to the drilling machine workbench under the drive of the self-moving chassis. The material bins are connected to the processing station through the conveying mechanism.

[0143] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading and unloading device, characterized in that, It includes a base, a lifting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and multiple temporary storage bins arranged along a first direction, each of which is used to temporarily store material plates; The conveying mechanism and the plurality of temporary storage bins are spaced apart on the base along the second direction; the lifting mechanism is used to drive the conveying mechanism and / or the plurality of temporary storage bins to move up and down along the first direction, so that the conveying mechanism can dock with at least one of the temporary storage bins, and the conveying mechanism is used to transfer the material plate from the external mechanism into the temporary storage bin or transfer the material plate from the temporary storage bin. The first direction intersects with the second direction.

2. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a second driving component, a connecting beam, and a conveying assembly. The conveying assembly is mounted on the connecting beam, and the lifting mechanism is connected to the connecting beam. The lifting mechanism can drive the connecting beam and the conveying assembly to move up and down along the first direction. The output end of the second drive unit is connected to the conveying assembly. The second drive unit can drive the conveying assembly to move, thereby moving the material plate in the temporary storage bin along the second direction.

3. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism further includes a first driving component, the connecting beam includes two sub-connecting beams, the conveying assembly includes two conveying components, both of which are disposed between the two sub-connecting beams, and each conveying component is installed on the corresponding sub-connecting beam; The first drive member is capable of driving at least one of the two sub-connecting beams to move along the first direction, so that the two conveying members can clamp or release the material plate.

4. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first driving component includes two first sub-driving components, the output ends of which are respectively connected to each of the sub-connecting beams. The first sub-driving components are used to drive the corresponding sub-connecting beams to reciprocate along the first direction, so that the two conveying components can move towards each other or away from each other.

5. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second driving member includes two second sub-driving members, the output ends of which are respectively connected to each of the conveying members. The second sub-driving members are used to drive the corresponding conveying members to move, so that the two conveying members drive the clamped material plate to move along the second direction.

6. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The conveying component includes a mounting frame, a drive shaft, and multiple sub-conveyors. The mounting frame is connected to the sub-connecting beam, and the sub-conveyors are disposed on the mounting frame. The multiple sub-conveyors are interconnected via the drive shaft, which is connected to the output end of the second drive component.

7. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sub-conveyor includes a drive wheel, a belt, and at least one driven wheel. The drive wheel is mounted on the drive shaft, the driven wheel is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the belt is wound around the drive wheel and at least one driven wheel.

8. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying assembly further includes a buffer element connected between the mounting bracket of one of the conveyors and the corresponding sub-connecting beam, the buffer element being used to cushion the material plate when the two conveyors clamp it.

9. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a driving component and a clamping component. The driving component can drive the clamping component to move relative to the base, so as to move the clamping component closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin along the second direction. The clamping assembly is used to clamp the material plate in the temporary storage bin.

10. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a clamping member, a clamping drive member, and a guide plate. One end of the guide plate is connected to the output end of the clamping drive member, and the other end of the guide plate is connected to the clamping member. The clamping drive member can drive the clamping member to move up and down along the first direction to clamp or release the material plate.

11. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and unloading device further includes a third driving component. The conveying mechanism is movably connected to the base. The third driving component can drive the conveying mechanism to move along the second direction, so that the conveying mechanism can move closer to or further away from the temporary storage bin in the second direction.

12. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The loading and unloading device also includes a material bin, and a plurality of temporary storage bins are spaced apart in the material bin along the first direction; The material bins are arranged in multiple ways and spaced apart along a third direction, with the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersecting each other.

13. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 12, characterized in that, Multiple conveying assemblies are provided, and the multiple conveying assemblies are spaced apart on the connecting beam along the third direction. Each of the multiple conveying assemblies corresponds to one of the multiple material boxes. The second driving element is provided in multiple ways, and each second driving element can drive the corresponding conveying component to move; or, the multiple conveying components are interconnected and the second driving element can drive the multiple conveying components to move simultaneously.

14. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism is disposed on the base, and the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the bottom of the plurality of temporary storage bins. The lifting mechanism can drive the plurality of temporary storage bins to move up and down along the first direction.

15. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1 or 14, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism is disposed on the base, and the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the conveying mechanism. The lifting mechanism can drive the conveying mechanism to move up and down along the first direction.

16. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and unloading device further includes a clapping mechanism, which is installed on the base and located on the side of the temporary storage bin away from the conveying mechanism. The clapping mechanism is used to position the material plates in the multiple temporary storage bins along the second direction.

17. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The clapping mechanism includes a fourth driving member and a clapping rod. The fourth driving member can drive the clapping rod to approach the temporary storage bin along the second direction, so that the clapping rod can push against the material plates of the multiple temporary storage bins.

18. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 17, characterized in that, The clapping mechanism further includes a mounting beam, a connecting rod assembly, and a fifth driving member. The mounting beam is movably connected to the base, and the clapping rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting beam. The connecting rod assembly is connected between the output end of the fifth driving member and the clapping rod. The fifth driving member can drive the connecting rod assembly to move and rotate the clapping rod to avoid collisions when multiple temporary storage compartments enter or leave the base.

19. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The linkage assembly includes a first linkage and a second linkage. One end of the second linkage is connected to the paddle, and the paddle is rotatably mounted on the mounting beam about a first axis. The other end of the second linkage is rotatably connected to the first linkage about a second axis. The first linkage is rotatably connected to the output end of the fifth drive member. The first axis is parallel to the second axis. The fifth driving component can drive the first connecting rod to move, thereby causing the second connecting rod to rotate around the second axis, and thus causing the racket stick to rotate around the first axis.

20. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and unloading device also includes an adjustment component connected to the base. The adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the conveying mechanism and the plurality of temporary storage bins so that one of the plurality of temporary storage bins is aligned with the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine.

21. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment mechanism; the first adjustment mechanism includes a first plate, a second plate, and a slide table, the slide table being connected between the first plate and the second plate, the second plate being mounted on the base, and the second plate being able to move relative to the first plate via the slide table to adjust the position of the plurality of temporary storage bins, such that one of the plurality of temporary storage bins is aligned with the worktable.

22. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 21, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism further includes a sixth driving member and a seventh driving member. The sixth driving member is used to drive the second plate to move along the second direction or to drive the second plate to rotate on the horizontal plane. The seventh driving member is used to drive the second plate to move along a third direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the third direction and is located on the horizontal plane.

23. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 22, characterized in that, The sixth driving component includes two sixth sub-driving components, which are spaced apart on the third side, and the output terminals of both sixth sub-driving components are connected to the second plate. When the two sixth sub-driving units synchronously drive the second plate, the second plate moves along the second direction; When the two sixth sub-drives asynchronously drive the second plate, the second plate rotates on the horizontal plane.

24. The loading and unloading device as described in claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly further includes a second adjustment mechanism, which includes multiple telescopic support members. The ends of the multiple telescopic support members away from the base can abut against the ground. The multiple telescopic support members can extend and retract to adjust the position of the base so that the temporary storage area of ​​the temporary storage bin is flush with the processing area of ​​the drilling machine worktable of the fully automatic drilling machine.

25. An automatic loading and unloading device for loading and unloading PCB boards, characterized in that, It includes a self-moving chassis and the loading / unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 24 disposed on the self-moving chassis.

26. A fully automatic drilling machine, characterized in that, The device includes a drilling machine workbench and the automatic loading and unloading device as described in claim 25, wherein the conveying mechanism is capable of transferring the material plate between the drilling machine workbench and the temporary storage bin.

27. A loading and unloading system, characterized in that, The system includes a transfer station and the fully automatic drilling machine as described in claim 26. The transfer station is configured to temporarily store the plurality of temporary storage bins. The loading and unloading device is located at the transfer station or the self-moving chassis. The loading and unloading device is used to transfer the plurality of temporary storage bins between the self-moving chassis and the transfer station. The self-moving chassis is used to dock with the drilling machine workbench to transport the material plate.

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