Four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat brick

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic machines, in particular to a four-column hydraulic machine for high-aluminum base brick production, which comprises a device main body, a mold is fixedly installed on the device main body, a follow-up assembly is arranged on the mold and is used for balancing the pressing force suffered by powder in each area in the vertical direction, a hydraulic machine is installed on the device main body, a movable cross beam is fixedly installed at the lower end of the hydraulic machine, a pressure equalizing assembly is arranged on the movable cross beam and is used for balancing the pressing force suffered by powder in each area in the horizontal direction; the four-column hydraulic machine for high-aluminum base brick production can improve the density uniformity of each area of a blank body in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and the overall forming quality of the blank body through cooperation of the follow-up assembly and the pressure equalizing assembly, so as to help improve the pressing effect of the device on the blank body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic press technology, specifically a four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks, which is particularly suitable for pressing and molding powdery or granular materials. Background Technology

[0002] High-alumina sprue bricks are typically installed in the nozzle area at the bottom of the ladle or tundish. Their main function is to fix the nozzle bricks and withstand the mechanical scouring and thermal stress of high-temperature molten steel during casting operations. This ensures that the nozzle system maintains accurate positioning and structural integrity throughout its service life, thereby guaranteeing the safe and stable injection of molten steel. To ensure the reliability of the billet under harsh operating conditions, the billet must have sufficient density and dimensional accuracy. Currently, the industry typically uses a four-column hydraulic press as the main equipment for the pressing process to achieve high-quality forming of the billet.

[0003] The powder used in the blank has a high coefficient of particle friction and poor flowability. When the powder is piled up, it is easy for the particles to form a bridging effect. In addition, the resistance to air discharge inside the powder is high. Under these conditions, when the existing four-column hydraulic press is used to form the blank by unidirectional pressing, the pressure is continuously lost due to the friction between the powder and the mold wall during the process of pressure transmission from top to bottom. The pressing force is easy to gradually decrease along the thickness direction of the blank, resulting in higher density at the top and insufficient density at the bottom of the blank. At the same time, when the powder in the mold cavity is unevenly filled in the horizontal direction or the particle resistance in the horizontal direction is uneven, the difference in the reaction force of the powder on the press head will drive the press head to deflect slightly, which will further aggravate the density deviation in the horizontal direction of the blank. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina base bricks, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks, comprising a main body of equipment, a mold fixedly mounted on the main body of equipment, a follower component provided on the mold for balancing the pressing force on the powder in each area of ​​the vertical direction, a hydraulic press mounted on the main body of equipment, a movable crossbeam fixedly mounted at the lower end of the hydraulic press, and a pressure equalization component provided on the movable crossbeam for balancing the pressing force on the powder in each area of ​​the horizontal direction;

[0006] The follower component includes a cylinder fixedly installed on the main body of the equipment. A pusher plate with a uniformly distributed ring is sealed through and slidably installed on the cylinder. An arc plate is fixedly installed on each pusher plate, and the arc plates are sealed and slidably installed on the inner wall of the mold. Adjacent arc plates are tightly fitted together. A support component is installed on the cylinder, and an air guiding mechanism is installed between the arc plates.

[0007] The pressure equalization assembly includes a fixed groove formed on the movable crossbeam, a compression spring fixedly installed on the fixed groove, a pressure head fixedly installed at the lower end of the compression spring, and a pressure boosting mechanism installed on the pressure head.

[0008] The supporting component includes grooves evenly formed in a ring on the cylinder. Two limiting rods are fixedly installed on each groove. A sealing plate is slidably installed on each groove, and the sealing plate is slidably installed between the corresponding two limiting rods. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the corresponding push plate. A return spring is fixedly installed between the sealing plate and the corresponding groove.

[0009] The air guiding mechanism includes air collecting grooves respectively opened on the arc plate, each air collecting groove is fixedly installed with a filter screen, and the filter screen is set at the upper end of the corresponding arc plate. An air conveying component is installed on the cylinder.

[0010] The gas delivery component includes multiple micro-holes formed on the cylinder. Two one-way suction pipes are sealed and fixedly installed on the arc plate. One end of each one-way suction pipe is sealed and fixedly installed on the cylinder. The diameter of each one-way suction pipe is much larger than the diameter of the corresponding micro-hole.

[0011] The pressurizing mechanism includes a spherical cover fixedly mounted on the press head, and extrusion components uniformly distributed in a ring are fixedly mounted on the spherical cover;

[0012] The fixing groove is fixedly installed with circular blocks evenly distributed in a ring. A pressure ring is fixedly installed between the circular blocks. A rubber pad is fixedly installed on the pressure ring evenly distributed in a ring, and the rubber pad is fixedly connected to the corresponding extrusion component. A fixing component is installed on the fixing groove, and a limit component is installed on the fixing groove.

[0013] The fixing component includes a support ball fixedly installed on a fixing groove, and the pressure head has a movable groove that cooperates with the support ball.

[0014] The limiting component includes a support plate fixedly installed on a fixed groove, and a limiting frame that cooperates with the spherical cover is fixedly installed on the support plate to limit the deflection of the pressure head in cooperation with the support ball.

[0015] An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the main body of the equipment, and a chassis is fixedly installed on the electric telescopic rod, with the chassis being sealed and slidably installed between the arc plates.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. In the process of pressing the billet, the present invention can help improve the density uniformity and overall forming quality of the final billet produced by the equipment by using a follower component. At the same time, by using the follower component and the air guiding mechanism to assist in the air extraction during the pressing process of high alumina powder, it can further improve the quality of the final billet produced by the equipment.

[0018] 2. In the process of pressing high-alumina blanks, the present invention uses a pressure equalization component to adaptively compensate the pressing force on that side of the press head when it deflects due to uneven resistance of the powder in the horizontal direction. This helps to improve the consistency of the pressing density of each area of ​​the blank in the horizontal direction and the overall forming quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the main body of the device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a local structure in the main body of the device of the present invention after being rotated by a certain angle.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing a partial cross-sectional view of the main body of the device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the follower component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cylinder of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the air guiding mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of part B.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the components on the movable crossbeam of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage equalization component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a front view of the cross-sectional view of the equalizing component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A three-dimensional schematic diagram.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the equipment; 2. Mold; 3. Hydraulic press; 4. Movable crossbeam;

[0034] 5. Follow-up component; 51. Cylinder; 52. Push plate; 53. Arc plate; 54. Groove; 55. Return spring; 56. Limiting rod; 57. Sealing plate; 58. One-way suction pipe; 59. Filter screen; 510. Air collection groove; 511. Micropore;

[0035] 6. Electric telescopic pole; 7. Chassis; 8. Pressure head;

[0036] 9. Pressure equalization assembly; 91. Support plate; 92. Limiting frame; 93. Support ball; 94. Compression spring; 95. Pressure boosting ring; 96. Extrusion part; 97. Rubber pad; 98. Spherical cover. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 14 This invention provides a technical solution: a four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina base bricks. This four-column hydraulic press addresses the problem of uneven density during blank processing by offering a new approach. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0039] The device includes a main body 1 and a pressing head 8. A mold 2 is fixedly installed on the main body 1. A follow-up component 5 is provided on the mold 2 to balance the pressing force on the powder in different areas in the vertical direction. A hydraulic press 3 is installed on the main body 1. The hydraulic press 3 is an existing conventional device. Its specific working principle and composition structure are fully disclosed in the field and will not be further described here.

[0040] A movable crossbeam 4 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the hydraulic press 3. A pressure equalization component 9 is installed on the movable crossbeam 4 to equalize the pressing force on the powder in different areas in the horizontal direction. When it is necessary to use the equipment to press a high-alumina base blank, the hydraulic press 3 is started. The operation of the hydraulic press 3 will drive the movable crossbeam 4 and the pressure head 8 to move down to press the powder (i.e., high-alumina powder) carried in the mold 2. After the powder in the mold 2 is pressed into a blank (i.e., a high-alumina base brick blank), the hydraulic press 3 is started in reverse. At this time, the operation of the hydraulic press 3 will drive the movable crossbeam 4 and the pressure head 8 to move up and reset. Then, the above operation steps are repeated to achieve the effect of continuous pressing of the blank by the equipment.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 It can be seen that four guide columns are set between the movable crossbeam 4 and the main body of the equipment 1, and each guide column is equipped with a dust cover. When the hydraulic press 3 drives the movable crossbeam 4 and the press head 8 to move up and down, the four guide columns limit and guide the four corners of the movable crossbeam 4 respectively, which helps to improve the pressing effect of the equipment on the billet.

[0042] See Figures 2 to 10 The follower component 5 includes a cylinder 51 fixedly installed on the main body 1 of the equipment. A pusher plate 52 is uniformly distributed in a ring and is sealed through and slidably installed on the cylinder 51. An arc plate 53 is fixedly installed on each pusher plate 52, and the arc plates 53 are sealed and slidably installed on the inner wall of the mold 2. The adjacent arc plates 53 are tightly fitted together to ensure the sealing performance of multiple arc plates 53 and the chassis 7 in bearing the loose powder. A support component is installed on the cylinder 51, and an air guiding mechanism is installed between the arc plates 53.

[0043] The support component includes grooves 54 that are evenly and annularly opened on the cylinder 51. Two limiting rods 56 are fixedly installed on each groove 54. A sealing plate 57 is slidably installed on each groove 54. The sealing plate 57 is slidably installed through and between the corresponding two limiting rods 56. The sealing plate 57 is fixedly connected to the corresponding push plate 52. A return spring 55 is fixedly installed between the sealing plate 57 and the corresponding groove 54.

[0044] The air guiding mechanism includes air collecting grooves 510 respectively opened on the arc plate 53, and filter screens 59 are fixedly installed on the air collecting grooves 510. The filter screens 59 are all set on the upper end of the corresponding arc plate 53. Air conveying components are installed on the cylinder 51.

[0045] The gas delivery component includes multiple micro-holes 511 formed on the cylinder 51. Two one-way suction pipes 58 are sealed and fixedly installed on the arc plate 53. One end of each one-way suction pipe 58 is sealed and fixedly installed on the cylinder 51, and the diameter of each one-way suction pipe 58 is much larger than the diameter of the corresponding micro-hole 511. The one-way suction pipes 58 also have a telescopic function. When the arc plate 53 is subjected to force and moves up and down relative to the cylinder 51 (along...) Figure 6 (As shown in the direction), the one-way suction pipe 58 has its own telescopic function, which makes it easy for the arc plate 53 to move while simultaneously compressing or stretching the corresponding one-way suction pipe 58. In addition, by cooperating with the push plate 52, the two corresponding one-way suction pipes 58 can limit and guide the movement of the arc plate 53, which can help improve the stability of the multiple arc plates 53 moving up and down under force.

[0046] An electric telescopic rod 6 is fixedly installed on the main body 1 of the equipment, and a chassis 7 is fixedly installed on the electric telescopic rod 6. The chassis 7 is sealed and slidably installed between the arc plates 53.

[0047] When the hydraulic press 3 is running, the drive head 8 moves downward (along...). Figure 2 (In the direction shown) the powder material pre-filled between the inner wall of mold 2, base plate 7 and arc plate 53 is compacted. As the volume of the powder material gradually shrinks, the powder material will expand radially under pressure, applying lateral pressure to the inner side of arc plate 53, so that a downward frictional force is formed on the contact interface between the powder material and arc plate 53. This frictional force is the direct power to drive the arc plate 53 to move downward (in a traditional fixed mold, the powder material expands outward and squeezes the stationary mold wall, generating an upward sliding frictional force opposite to the pressing direction. This frictional force continuously consumes the pressing force, which is the fundamental reason why the effective pressure is smaller and the density decreases with a gradient as it gets closer to the bottom of the blank). When this frictional force is greater than the supporting resistance of the corresponding return spring 55 to the arc plate 53, the pressed powder material will drive the arc plate 53 to move downward synchronously.

[0048] The downward movement of the arc plate 53 significantly reduces the relative motion tendency between the powder and the arc plate 53, transforming the sliding friction that originally consumed a large amount of pressing force into a quasi-static contact state close to static friction. The frictional resistance of the arc plate 53 to the downward movement of the powder will also be greatly reduced. As a result, the pressing force applied to the high-alumina powder by the downward movement of the pressure head 8 is no longer largely intercepted by the arc plate 53, but is more completely transmitted along the powder layer to the bottom of the billet. The bottom area thus obtains more sufficient compaction energy, which helps to reduce the degree of pressure attenuation along the thickness direction of the billet and improve the density uniformity of the upper and lower regions of the billet and the overall quality of the billet.

[0049] In addition, multiple arc plates 53 are independently distributed in a ring, which can make differentiated independent responses to the actual compression state of the powder in the corresponding area inside them, avoiding motion interference or response lag caused by local resistance differences in the integral structure, thereby helping to enhance the equipment's adaptability to uneven powder filling.

[0050] Meanwhile, the initial support resistance applied by multiple return springs 55 to the corresponding arc plates 53 is only slightly greater than the sum of the weights of the corresponding arc plates 53 and the push plate 52. The purpose is that during the process of filling powder between the multiple arc plates 53 and the chassis 7, the return springs 55 can provide stable support for the push plate 52 and the arc plates 53, while ensuring that the synchronous downward movement of the arc plates 53 after the powder is compressed is not hindered due to the excessive support resistance of the return springs 55 to the arc plates 53. This ensures the sensitivity of the arc plates 53 to the powder compression state, thereby giving full play to the follow-up role of the floating arc plates 53, avoiding the weakening of the transmission efficiency of the pressing force to the bottom of the billet due to the start-up lag, and ensuring the pressing effect of the equipment on the billet.

[0051] Meanwhile, during the pressing process of the equipment, the displacement of the powder filling the space between the multiple arc plates 53 and the base plate 7 from the initial loose state to the final blank is always less than the maximum compression deformation stroke allowed by the corresponding return spring 55 within its elastic limit. It should also be less than the initial distance between the lower end face of the arc plate 53 and the upper end face of the cylinder 51. In this way, on the one hand, the return spring 55 can be prevented from exceeding its elastic limit due to excessive compression, resulting in fatigue failure or weakening of its supporting force, which would affect the follow-up response accuracy and reset reliability of the arc plate 53. On the other hand, it can prevent the arc plate 53 from mechanically colliding with the cylinder 51 or interfering with the seal during the downward movement of the powder, ensuring that the sliding seal between the push plate 52, the sealing plate 57 and the cylinder 51 is always effective. This ensures the continuous suction function of the air guiding mechanism for the gas in the gap between the powder, and ensures the safety, stability and consistency of the equipment operation and the forming quality of the blank in multiple pressing cycles.

[0052] Furthermore, as the pressed powder drives the arc plate 53 to move downwards synchronously, the arc plate 53 will drive the corresponding sealing plate 57 to move downwards synchronously via the push plate 52 (along the path). Figure 6 (As shown in the direction), during this process, the volume of the cavity on the upper surface of the sealing plate 57 and the corresponding groove 54 will gradually increase, forming a negative pressure. This facilitates the intake of gas between the powder particles during the pressing process through the gas collecting groove 510 and the corresponding two one-way suction pipes 58 into the groove 54. This reduces the internal pressure accumulation caused by gas retention between particles during the pressing process, thereby helping to reduce the porosity inside the blank. At the same time, it can also avoid defects such as delamination and bulging caused by the instantaneous release of high-pressure gas to a certain extent, promote the dense bonding between powder particles, and improve the overall density and molding quality of the final blank.

[0053] When filling powder between multiple arc plates 53 and the chassis 7, the height of each powder filling shall not exceed the height of the lower end of the filter screen 59. This is to ensure the suction effect and efficiency of the gas between the powder by the follower component 5 and the air guiding mechanism, and to ensure the pressing effect of the equipment on the blank. In addition, the purpose of setting the filter screen 59 on the gas collection groove 510 is to filter and intercept impurities such as dust carried in the gas during the process of suction between the powder by the follower component 5 and the air guiding mechanism, so as to ensure the persistence of the suction of gas between the powder by the sealing plate 57 and the corresponding two one-way suction pipes 58.

[0054] Meanwhile, the purpose of setting the diameter of the one-way suction pipe 58 to be much larger than the diameter of the corresponding micropore 511 is that, since the diameter of the micropore 511 is extremely small, its throttling effect on the airflow is significant. Therefore, during the process of the sealing plate 57 moving downward under force to draw air, the airflow entering the groove 54 through the micropore 511 is much smaller than that of the one-way suction pipe 58. This can avoid the phenomenon that the suction force of the corresponding one-way suction pipe 58 is insufficient due to the excessive suction force of the micropore 511, resulting in poor gas suction effect between powders. This ensures that the equipment, through the cooperation of the follow-up component 5 and the air guiding mechanism, has an auxiliary gas suction effect between powders.

[0055] After the pressure head 8 finishes pressing the billet, the hydraulic press 3 is started first. During the process of the hydraulic press 3 driving the pressure head 8 to move upward (along... Figure 2 (As shown in the direction), the pressing force of the pressure head 8 on the powder will be released, and the powder will no longer be compressed. Therefore, the radial expansion force of the powder on the arc plate 53 will also disappear. At this time, the elastic potential energy released by the return spring 55 can drive the corresponding sealing plate 57, push plate 52 and arc plate 53 to move upward and reset (along the direction). Figure 6 (As shown in the direction), when the sealing plate 57 is forced to move upward and reset, and squeezes the gas between its upper surface and the groove 54, because the corresponding micropores 511 of the groove 54 have small diameters, when the squeezed gas in the groove 54 passes through these micropores 511, it will generate significant flow resistance due to the throttling effect of the small diameter. When this resistance acts on the sealing plate 57 in the opposite direction, it will form a certain damping effect on the upward movement of the sealing plate 57, thereby limiting the reset speed of the reset spring 55 through the cooperation of the sealing plate 57 and the push plate 52 to drive the arc plate 53. This avoids the arc plate 53 from moving upward rapidly due to the rapid release of the elastic force of the reset spring 55, which would cause impact or vibration on the already pressed blank, resulting in cracks, chipping, or internal structural damage to the surface of the blank due to sudden force. This helps to further ensure the quality of the blank finally produced by the equipment.

[0056] See Figures 2 to 14 The equalizing component 9 includes a fixing groove (shown but not labeled in the figure) formed on the movable crossbeam 4. Figure 11 As can be seen from the image, a compression spring 94 is fixedly installed on the fixed groove, and one end of the compression spring 94 is fixedly connected to the pressure head 8. A pressure boosting mechanism is installed on the pressure head 8.

[0057] The pressurizing mechanism includes a spherical cover 98 fixedly mounted on the pressure head 8. Annularly distributed extrusion components 96 are fixedly mounted on the spherical cover 98. Annularly distributed circular blocks are fixedly mounted on a fixed groove. A pressurizing ring 95 is fixedly mounted between the circular blocks. Annularly distributed rubber pads 97 are fixedly mounted on the pressurizing ring 95, and each rubber pad 97 is fixedly connected to its corresponding extrusion component 96. Figure 13It can be seen that the extrusion parts 96 are all composed of brackets and rollers. The brackets are all fixedly installed on the upper end of the spherical cover 98, and the rollers are all fixedly installed on the corresponding brackets. The rollers are all fixedly connected to the corresponding rubber pads 97. Fixed components are installed on the fixed grooves, and limit components are installed on the fixed grooves.

[0058] The fixing component includes a support ball 93 fixedly installed on the fixing groove, and the pressure head 8 has a movable groove that cooperates with the support ball 93.

[0059] The limiting component includes a support plate 91 fixedly installed on a fixed groove. A limiting frame 92 that cooperates with the spherical cover 98 is fixedly installed on the support plate 91 to cooperate with the support ball 93 and limit the deflection of the pressure head 8.

[0060] When the pressure head 8 moves down to press the powder between the multiple arc plates 53 and the base plate 7, if the powder between the multiple arc plates 53 and the base plate 7 is unevenly filled in the horizontal direction or the particle resistance of the powder in the horizontal direction is uneven, and the reaction force generated by the powder on the side with high resistance on the pressure head 8 is greater than the elastic support force applied by the compression spring 94 to the pressure head 8 on that side, the force applied by the powder on that side of the pressure head 8 will drive the pressure head 8 to deflect slightly. At the same time, the compression spring 94 will produce corresponding uneven deformation as the pressure head 8 deflects. The compression spring 94 on the side of the pressure head 8 that deflects will be further compressed, while the compression spring 94 on the opposite side will be correspondingly stretched. The elastic restoring force generated by this deformation is opposite to the tilting direction of the pressure head 8, thereby applying a reverse corrective torque to the pressure head 8 to suppress further deflection of the pressure head 8.

[0061] Simultaneously, when the pressure head 8 is slightly deflected under force, the extruder 96 on the deflected side moves upward through the spherical cover 98. During the process of extruding the rubber pad 97 between the extruder 96 and the pressure ring 95, the compressed rubber pad 97 will generate a downward reaction force on the extruder 96. At the same time, the pressure ring 95 will also generate a downward reaction force on the extruder 96 through the rubber pad 97. This reaction force will be transmitted to the spherical cover 98 through the rubber pad 97, and then transmitted to the deflected and tilted side of the pressure head 8 through the spherical cover 98. This increases the pressing force of the pressure head 8 on the powder on that side, giving the pressure head 8 an additional downward pressing force. This increases the pressing force on the powder on the high resistance side, making the powder density more uniform. This helps to improve the consistency of the pressing density of each area of ​​the blank in the horizontal direction and the overall forming quality.

[0062] Furthermore, the reaction force applied to the deflected side of the pressure head 8 by the rubber pad 97 and the pressure ring 95, and the reverse reset driving force applied to the deflected side of the pressure head 8 by the compression spring 94, help to provide corrective torque to the pressure head 8 from two different paths when the pressure head 8 tends to deflect due to uneven resistance in the horizontal direction of the powder. This allows the pressure head 8 to obtain timely posture correction and pressure compensation during the pressing process, thereby effectively suppressing the continuous deflection of the pressure head 8, maintaining the horizontal posture of the pressure head 8 throughout the pressing process, avoiding uneven thickness or density distribution deviation of the blank caused by the deflection of the pressure head 8, improving the equipment's adaptability to the density difference in the horizontal direction of the powder, and ensuring the consistency of the blank forming quality.

[0063] Furthermore, the support ball 93, in conjunction with the movable groove, limits the deflection of the pressure head 8. Simultaneously, the limiting frame 92, through the spherical cover 98, limits the deflection of the pressure head 8. This ensures that when the pressure head 8 deflects due to horizontal filling of powder or uneven resistance, its deflection angle is limited to a preset range. This prevents the pressure head 8 from deflecting excessively, causing the pressing force to deviate significantly from the vertical direction and affecting the quality of the blank forming. At the same time, the combination of the support ball 93 with the movable groove, and the limiting frame 92 with the spherical cover 98, limits the pressure head 8, allowing it to deflect smoothly around the center of the support ball 93. This ensures that the pressure head 8 can smoothly return to the horizontal direction after receiving the corrective force.

[0064] After the equipment completes the pressing of the billet, the hydraulic press 3 drives the press head 8 to move upward to a suitable height (along...). Figure 2 (As shown in the direction), the electric telescopic rod 6 can be activated. The operation of the electric telescopic rod 6 will drive the chassis 7 and the billet to move upward (along the direction shown in the figure). Figure 4 (in the direction shown) until the blank is completely removed from the mold 2. After the worker picks up the blank from the base 7, the electric telescopic rod 6 drives the base 7 to move down and reset. Then the above operation steps can be repeated to continuously press the blank.

[0065] To further clarify, the aforementioned fixed connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited. For example, it may be welding, gluing, or integral molding, or other conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0066] In this invention, when the equipment is needed to press the billet, an appropriate amount of powder is first filled between the arc plate 53 and the base plate 7, and then the hydraulic press 3 is started. During the process of the hydraulic press 3 driving the press head 8 to move down and compact the powder, the friction force generated by the radial expansion of the powder under pressure and the arc plate 53 is greater than the supporting resistance of the corresponding return spring 55 to the arc plate 53. The pressed powder will drive the arc plate 53 to move down synchronously. During this process, the relative motion tendency between the high-alumina powder and the arc plate 53 will be significantly reduced. The sliding friction that originally consumed the pressing force will also be transformed into a quasi-static contact state close to static friction. The frictional resistance of the arc plate 53 to the downward movement of the powder will also be greatly reduced. As a result, the pressing force applied to the powder by the downward movement of the press head 8 will no longer be largely intercepted by the arc plate 53, but will be more completely transmitted to the bottom of the billet along the powder layer, so that the bottom area can obtain more sufficient compaction energy. This helps to reduce the pressure attenuation of the billet along the thickness direction and improve the density uniformity of the upper and lower areas of the billet.

[0067] Meanwhile, during the process of pressing the powder by moving the pressure head 8 downward, if the powder between the arc plate 53 and the base plate 7 is unevenly filled in the horizontal direction or the particle resistance of the powder is uneven in the horizontal direction, and the powder resistance drives the pressure head 8 to deflect to one side, the reaction force applied to the pressure head 8 by the pressure boosting mechanism and the pressure boosting ring 95, as well as the pressing force to compensate for the deflection, can help improve the consistency of the pressing density of each area of ​​the blank in the horizontal direction and the overall molding quality. At the same time, the reaction force generated by the rubber pad 97 and the pressure boosting ring 95 on the pressure head 8, together with the reverse reset driving force provided by the compression spring 94, applies a correction torque to the pressure head 8, which can enable the pressure head 8 to obtain timely posture correction during the pressing process, ensure the vertical and uniform transmission of the pressing force, and avoid uneven blank thickness or density deviation caused by deflection. This helps to improve the equipment's adaptability to the density difference of the powder in the horizontal direction and the consistency of molding quality.

[0068] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina base bricks, comprising a main body of equipment, characterized in that: A mold is fixedly installed on the main body of the equipment. A follow-up component is provided on the mold to balance the pressing force on the powder in each area of ​​the vertical direction. A hydraulic press is installed on the main body of the equipment. A movable crossbeam is fixedly installed at the lower end of the hydraulic press. A pressure equalization component is provided on the movable crossbeam to balance the pressing force on the powder in each area of ​​the horizontal direction. The follower component includes a cylinder fixedly installed on the main body of the equipment. A pusher plate with a uniformly distributed ring is sealed through and slidably installed on the cylinder. An arc plate is fixedly installed on each pusher plate, and the arc plates are sealed and slidably installed on the inner wall of the mold. Adjacent arc plates are tightly fitted together. A support component is installed on the cylinder, and an air guiding mechanism is installed between the arc plates. The pressure equalization assembly includes a fixed groove formed on the movable crossbeam, a compression spring fixedly installed on the fixed groove, a pressure head fixedly installed at the lower end of the compression spring, and a pressure boosting mechanism installed on the pressure head.

2. The four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting component includes grooves evenly formed in a ring on the cylinder. Two limiting rods are fixedly installed on each groove. A sealing plate is slidably installed on each groove, and the sealing plate is slidably installed between the corresponding two limiting rods. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the corresponding push plate. A return spring is fixedly installed between the sealing plate and the corresponding groove.

3. The four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guiding mechanism includes air collecting grooves respectively opened on the arc plate, each air collecting groove is fixedly installed with a filter screen, and the filter screen is set at the upper end of the corresponding arc plate. An air conveying component is installed on the cylinder.

4. A four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas delivery component includes multiple micro-holes formed on the cylinder. Two one-way suction pipes are sealed and fixedly installed on the arc plate. One end of each one-way suction pipe is sealed and fixedly installed on the cylinder. The diameter of each one-way suction pipe is much larger than the diameter of the corresponding micro-hole.

5. A four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism includes a spherical cover fixedly mounted on the press head, and extrusion components uniformly distributed in a ring are fixedly mounted on the spherical cover; The fixing groove is fixedly installed with circular blocks evenly distributed in a ring. A pressure ring is fixedly installed between the circular blocks. A rubber pad is fixedly installed on the pressure ring evenly distributed in a ring, and the rubber pad is fixedly connected to the corresponding extrusion component. A fixing component is installed on the fixing groove, and a limit component is installed on the fixing groove.

6. A four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing component includes a support ball fixedly installed on a fixing groove, and the pressure head has a movable groove that cooperates with the support ball.

7. A four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a support plate fixedly installed on a fixed groove, and a limiting frame that cooperates with the spherical cover is fixedly installed on the support plate to limit the deflection of the pressure head in cooperation with the support ball.

8. A four-column hydraulic press for producing high-alumina seat bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the main body of the equipment, and a chassis is fixedly installed on the electric telescopic rod, with the chassis being sealed and slidably installed between the arc plates.

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