Ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open, vehicle body and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automobile ventilation structures, and discloses a ventilation frame structure capable of being controlled to be closed and opened, a vehicle body and a vehicle, which comprise a frame body, a cover assembly, a sealing cover and an executing mechanism, the frame body is inserted into a sheet metal part of the vehicle body, and a ventilation plate in sealing connection with the inner wall of the frame body is arranged in the frame body; the cover assembly comprises a tubular guide frame and a cover, one end of the guide frame is inserted into the frame body and the interlayer of the guide frame is provided with sealing material, and the other end of the guide frame is provided with the cover; the sealing cover is arranged in the guide frame and is in sliding connection with the guide frame; the executing mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving worm and a driving sliding block, the driving motor is arranged at the center position of the cover, one end of the driving worm is connected with the driving motor, the other end of the driving worm is rotatably connected with the center of the ventilation plate, the driving sliding block is installed on the driving worm and is fixed at the center position of the sealing cover, and the driving sliding block drives the sealing cover to move along the driving worm in the axial direction; the frame body is electrically connected with the control end of the driving motor through a wading sensor, and active control of the opening and closing state of the ventilation port is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive ventilation structure technology, and in particular to a ventilation frame structure, body, and vehicle that can be controlled to close and open. Background Technology

[0002] The ventilation frame is a crucial component of the vehicle body structure, used to facilitate airflow between the inside and outside of the vehicle, and is widely used in areas such as the engine compartment and passenger compartment. Existing ventilation frame structures typically employ a fixed vent design, with the vents remaining constantly open, relying solely on the blades on the ventilation panel for passive ventilation control under gravity. However, this approach cannot actively adjust the ventilation state according to actual driving conditions. When the vehicle is driving through flooded areas, water can enter the vehicle body through the vents, potentially causing short circuits in the electrical system or damage to mechanical components, posing a safety hazard. Furthermore, the existing sealing structure between the ventilation frame and the body panels is relatively simple, resulting in poor sealing when the vents are closed, failing to effectively prevent the intrusion of moisture and dust. Therefore, a ventilation frame structure that can actively control its opening and closing, automatically close when wading through water, and possesses excellent sealing performance is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilation frame structure, body and vehicle that can be controlled to close and open, which solves the problem that the existing ventilation frame cannot actively control the opening and closing state of the ventilation opening, and can only rely on the blades to achieve passive control under the action of gravity.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, a ventilation frame structure that can be controlled to close and open includes a frame body, a cover assembly, and an actuator; the frame body is inserted into a sheet metal part of the vehicle body, and the edge of the sheet metal part overlaps with the frame body; the cover assembly is mounted on the frame body. The actuator includes a drive screw, a drive slider, and a drive motor. The drive motor is located at the center of the cover plate of the cover plate assembly. One end of the drive screw is connected to the drive motor, and the other end is rotatably connected to the center of the ventilation plate in the frame body. The drive slider is mounted on the drive screw and is fixedly located at the center of the sealing cover. The drive slider drives the sealing cover to move, thereby blocking the ventilation opening on the ventilation plate. The frame body is equipped with a water immersion sensor, which is connected to the actuator.

[0005] As a further implementation, the cover assembly includes a tubular guide frame, the cross-sectional shape of which is adapted to the contour of the sealing cover, and the cover plate is provided at one end of the guide frame, wherein the cover plate and the guide frame are snap-fitted or fixedly connected.

[0006] As a further implementation, the other end of the guide frame is inserted into the frame body, and a sealing material is provided in the interlayer between the guide frame and the frame body.

[0007] As a further implementation, a limiting plate and a limiting block are provided on the inner sidewall of the guide frame, with the limiting block arranged close to the cover plate and the limiting plate arranged close to the frame body.

[0008] As a further implementation, the limiting plate is annular and coaxially arranged with the guide frame. The outer edge of the limiting plate is sealed to the inner wall of the guide frame, and a sealing element is provided at the edge of the sealing cover to achieve a seal between the cover plate and the limiting plate.

[0009] As a further implementation, the ventilation plate is provided in the frame body, and the ventilation plate is sealed to the inner wall of the frame body.

[0010] As a further implementation, the ventilation panel is provided with multiple ventilation openings, each of which is provided with a rotatable blade. The blade is normally closed under the action of gravity, and will open under the action of wind force when ventilation is required.

[0011] As a further implementation, the guide frame has multiple ventilation holes on its sidewalls to allow it to connect to the atmosphere.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a vehicle body, including the aforementioned ventilation frame structure that can be controlled to close and open.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned vehicle body.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention achieves active control of the opening and closing state of the ventilation openings by setting up an actuator consisting of a drive motor, a drive worm gear, and a drive slider, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies that rely solely on the gravity of the blades for passive ventilation control. The wading sensor is electrically connected to the drive motor. When wading is detected, the drive motor drives the worm gear to rotate, which in turn moves the sealing cover to the ventilation plate position via the drive slider, completely sealing the ventilation openings. This effectively prevents water from entering the vehicle body and protects the electrical system and mechanical components from water damage.

[0015] This invention forms a sealing structure by setting a sealing material in the interlayer between the guide frame and the frame body, setting a sealing element at the edge of the cover plate to achieve sealing between the cover plate and the limiting plate, and using a structure in which the annular limiting plate is sealed to the inner wall of the guide frame. This significantly improves the sealing performance of the ventilation frame structure in the closed state and effectively prevents the intrusion of moisture and dust. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the ventilation frame structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the ventilation frame structure of the present invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Frame body; 2. Cover plate assembly; 3. Actuator; 4. Drive screw; 5. Drive slider; 6. Drive motor; 7. Sealing cover; 8. Ventilation plate; 9. Ventilation opening; 10. Blade; 11. Guide frame; 12. Cover plate; 13. Limiting plate; 14. Limiting block; 15. Water immersion sensor; 16. Sealing material; 17. Sealing element; 18. Vent hole; 19. Sheet metal parts. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides a ventilation frame structure that can be controlled to close and open, such as Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a frame body 1, a cover assembly 2, a sealing cover 7, and an actuator 3. The frame body 1 is inserted into a sheet metal part 19 of the vehicle body, with the edge of the sheet metal part 19 overlapping with the frame body 1 to form a reliable mechanical connection. This insertion and overlapping connection allows the frame body 1 to withstand vibration and impact loads during vehicle operation, ensuring the stability of the connection between the frame body 1 and the vehicle body.

[0021] A ventilation plate 8 is provided inside the frame body 1. The ventilation plate 8 is sealed to the inner wall of the frame body 1 to prevent air from leaking from the gap between the ventilation plate 8 and the frame body 1, and to ensure that all airflow entering and exiting the vehicle body must pass through the ventilation port 9 on the ventilation plate 8.

[0022] The cover assembly 2 is installed on the frame body 1. The cover assembly 2 includes a tubular guide frame 11 and a cover 12. One end of the guide frame 11 is inserted into the frame body 1. A sealing material 16 is provided in the interlayer between the guide frame 11 and the frame body 1 to form the first sealing barrier and prevent moisture from entering from the connection between the guide frame 11 and the frame body 1.

[0023] A cover plate 12 is provided at the other end of the guide frame 11. The cover plate 12 and the guide frame 11 are fixedly connected to ensure the reliability of the connection between the cover plate 12 and the guide frame 11. The sealing cover 7 is set inside the guide frame 11 and slides in cooperation with the guide frame 11. The cross-sectional shape of the guide frame 11 is adapted to the contour of the sealing cover 7 to ensure that the sealing cover 7 can move smoothly along the axial direction inside the guide frame 11.

[0024] The actuator 3 includes a drive motor 6, a drive screw 4, and a drive slider 5. The drive motor 6 is located at the center of the cover plate 12. One end of the drive screw 4 is connected to the drive motor 6, and the drive motor 6 outputs power through the drive screw 4. The other end of the drive screw 4 is rotatably connected to the center of the ventilation plate 8. This rotatable connection allows the drive screw 4 to rotate freely relative to the ventilation plate 8 while maintaining a fixed axial position. The drive slider 5 is mounted on the drive screw 4 and is fixedly located at the center of the sealing cover 7, and is fixedly connected to the sealing cover 7. When the drive motor 6 drives the screw 4 to rotate, the drive slider 5 moves axially along the drive screw 4 under the action of the worm gear groove, thereby causing the sealing cover 7 to move axially along the drive screw 4.

[0025] The frame body 1 is equipped with a wading sensor 15, which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the drive motor 6 via a signal line. The wading sensor 15 is used to detect whether the vehicle is in a wading state. When a wading signal is detected, the wading sensor 15 transmits the signal to the control terminal of the drive motor 6, triggering the drive motor 6 to start. Under normal driving conditions, the sealing cover 7 is located away from the ventilation plate 8, and the vent 9 is in the open state, allowing air to exchange gases between the inside and outside of the vehicle body.

[0026] When the vehicle enters a flooded section, the wading sensor 15 detects a wading signal and transmits it to the control terminal of the drive motor 6. Upon receiving the wading signal, the drive motor 6 starts, and the drive screw 4 rotates under its drive. The drive slider 5 moves along the axis of the drive screw 4 towards the ventilation plate 8, and the sealing cover 7 moves along with the drive slider 5 towards the ventilation plate 8. When the sealing cover 7 reaches a position where it is in close contact with the ventilation plate 8, it completely seals the ventilation opening 9, effectively preventing water from entering the vehicle body through the ventilation opening 9 and protecting the electrical system and mechanical components inside the vehicle body from water damage. After the vehicle leaves the flooded section, the wading sensor 15 no longer detects a wading signal. The drive motor 6 reverses, the drive screw 4 rotates in the opposite direction, and the drive slider 5 moves the sealing cover 7 away from the ventilation plate 8. The sealing cover 7 returns to its initial position, the ventilation opening 9 reopens, and normal ventilation function is restored.

[0027] like Figure 1 - Figure 2As shown, the ventilation panel 8 is provided with multiple ventilation openings 9. The ventilation openings 9 provide channels for air circulation, and the number, shape, and size of the ventilation openings 9 are determined according to the ventilation requirements.

[0028] In this embodiment, the vents 9 are rectangular or circular, and multiple vents 9 are arranged in a rectangular array or ring on the ventilation plate 8, evenly distributed on the ventilation plate 8. The total ventilation area of ​​the vents 9 should meet the flow requirements for gas exchange between the inside and outside of the vehicle body. The outer contour dimension of the sealing cover 7 should be larger than the outer envelope dimension of all vents 9 on the ventilation plate 8. When the sealing cover 7 is in close contact with the ventilation plate 8, the sealing surface of the sealing cover 7 completely covers the area of ​​the vents 9, achieving complete sealing of all vents 9. The cooperation relationship between the vents 9 and the sealing cover 7 is the key to the active opening and closing control of the ventilation frame structure. The sealing cover 7 moves back and forth between the open position and the sealed position by the drive of the actuator 3. When the sealing cover 7 is in the open position, the vents 9 are exposed and air can flow freely. When the sealing cover 7 is in the sealed position, the vents 9 are completely covered by the sealing cover 7, preventing water and air from passing through the vents 9.

[0029] like Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, each vent 9 is equipped with a rotatable blade 10, which is hinged to the vent 9. The hinge axis is located at the upper or side edge of the vent 9, and the blade 10 can rotate around the hinge axis within the plane of the vent 9. Under the influence of gravity, the blade 10 hangs down naturally, normally closed, covering the vent 9 and preventing debris and backflow water from entering the vehicle body. When airflow flows from the outside of the vehicle body to the inside, the airflow exerts an inward thrust on the blade 10, causing the blade 10 to rotate inward around the hinge axis under the action of wind pressure, gradually opening the vent 9 and allowing air to flow into the vehicle body through the vent 9. The greater the airflow, the larger the opening angle of the blade 10, and the larger the effective ventilation area of ​​the vent 9.

[0030] When the airflow stops, the blades 10 lose their wind pressure support and automatically return to their normally closed state under gravity, re-covering the vent 9. This passive opening and closing mechanism of the blades 10 can automatically adjust the opening degree of the vent 9 according to the airflow, achieving adaptive control of ventilation volume to a certain extent. The blades 10 and the sealing cover 7 form a cooperative protective relationship. When the sealing cover 7 is open, the blades 10 provide the first line of protection, preventing large particles and backflow water from entering the vehicle body.

[0031] When the airflow in the ventilation frame structure is low, even if the vent 9 is open, the blades 10 can remain closed under gravity to prevent debris from entering. Only when the airflow in the ventilation frame structure is high will the blades 10 open under wind pressure to achieve ventilation. When the sealing cover 7 is closed, it completely blocks the vent 9. The blades 10 and the sealing cover 7 together form a double protection. Even if there is a small gap between the sealing cover 7 and the ventilation plate 8, the blades 10 can provide additional sealing, further improving the overall waterproof performance of the ventilation frame structure.

[0032] The blade 10 should be made of lightweight, corrosion-resistant materials, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or engineering plastics. Lightweight materials reduce the inertia of the blade 10, making it easier to open under wind pressure and allowing for rapid repositioning under gravity. Corrosion-resistant materials can withstand corrosive media such as rainwater, mud, and salt spray encountered during vehicle operation, ensuring that the blade 10 maintains good rotational performance during long-term use. The thickness and stiffness of the blade 10 should also be appropriately selected. If the blade 10 is too thin, it will lack stiffness and be easily deformed under wind pressure; if the blade 10 is too thick, its weight will be excessive, affecting its opening sensitivity.

[0033] like Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, a limiting plate 13 and a limiting block 14 are provided on the inner wall of the guide frame 11. The limiting block 14 is arranged near the cover plate 12, and the limiting plate 13 is arranged near the frame body 1. The limiting plate 13 and the limiting block 14 determine the effective working stroke of the sealing cover 7, ensuring that the sealing cover 7 reciprocates accurately and reliably between two extreme positions. The limiting block 14 is arranged near the cover plate 12. When the sealing cover 7 moves towards the cover plate 12 to its maximum stroke, the edge of the sealing cover 7 contacts the limiting block 14, restricting the sealing cover 7 from continuing to move towards the cover plate 12. The limiting function of the limiting block 14 prevents the sealing cover 7 from moving excessively and causing it to collide with the cover plate 12 or the drive motor 6, thus avoiding damage to the cover plate 12, the drive motor 6, or the sealing cover 7 itself. The limiting block 14 also prevents the drive slider 5 from moving beyond its designed stroke on the drive screw 4, preventing the drive slider 5 from disengaging from the spiral groove of the drive screw 4 or interfering with the drive motor 6. The mechanical hard limit provided by the limit block 14 serves as a safety guarantee. Even if the control system malfunctions and causes the drive motor 6 to continue running, the limit block 14 can forcefully stop the movement of the sealing cover 7 through mechanical contact, thus protecting the overall safety of the ventilation frame structure.

[0034] The limiting plate 13 is arranged near the frame body 1. When the sealing cover 7 moves towards the ventilation plate 8 to the blocking position, the sealing cover 7 contacts the limiting plate 13, restricting the sealing cover 7 from moving further towards the ventilation plate 8. The limiting effect of the limiting plate 13 ensures that the contact force between the sealing cover 7 and the ventilation plate 8 is moderate, achieving reliable blocking without damaging the ventilation plate 8 or the sealing cover 7 due to excessive contact force. The blocking position defined by the limiting plate 13 is the position where the sealing cover 7 completely covers the ventilation opening 9. At this position, the sealing surface of the sealing cover 7 is tightly fitted with the sealing surface of the ventilation plate 8, and a sealing interface is formed by the contact pressure between the sealing cover 7 and the ventilation plate 8, preventing water from flowing through the ventilation opening 9.

[0035] The limiting plate 13 and the limiting block 14 cooperate with the worm gear transmission structure of the actuator 3 to jointly ensure the movement accuracy and reliability of the sealing cover 7. The length of the helical groove of the drive screw 4 should match the working stroke of the sealing cover 7 defined by the limiting plate 13 and the limiting block 14. The travel of the drive slider 5 on the drive screw 4 should be slightly greater than the distance between the limiting plate 13 and the limiting block 14 to ensure that the drive slider 5 can drive the sealing cover 7 to both extreme positions. The setting position of the limiting plate 13 and the limiting block 14 should also take into account the length of the guide frame 11 and the size of the sealing cover 7. The distance between the limiting plate 13 and the frame body 1 should be sufficient to accommodate the thickness of the sealing cover 7 in the sealing position, and the distance between the limiting block 14 and the cover plate 12 should be sufficient to accommodate the thickness of the sealing cover 7 in the open position.

[0036] The limiting plate 13 is annular and coaxially arranged with the guide frame 11. The outer edge of the limiting plate 13 is sealed to the inner wall of the guide frame 11, forming a reliable sealing interface. The inner diameter of the annular limiting plate 13 is smaller than the outer contour of the sealing cover 7, which ensures that the sealing cover 7 can be limited by the limiting plate 13 while also achieving a seal between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13.

[0037] The coaxial arrangement of the limiting plate 13 and the guide frame 11 ensures that the inner hole axis of the limiting plate 13 coincides with the axis of the guide frame 11, so that the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13 can fit together completely, and there will be no tilted gap between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13 due to axis offset.

[0038] The sealing connection between the outer edge of the limiting plate 13 and the inner wall of the guide frame 11 can be achieved by interference fit, adhesive bonding, or welding. In the interference fit method, the outer diameter of the limiting plate 13 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the guide frame 11. The limiting plate 13 is pressed onto the inner wall of the guide frame 11, and the radial pressure generated by the interference fit forms a sealing interface between the limiting plate 13 and the guide frame 11. In the adhesive bonding method, sealant is applied between the outer edge of the limiting plate 13 and the inner wall of the guide frame 11, and the sealant forms a flexible sealing layer after curing. In the welding method, the limiting plate 13 and the guide frame 11 are connected by laser welding or resistance welding, and the weld seam forms a continuous sealing interface. In addition to its limiting function, the annular limiting plate 13 also has an important sealing function.

[0039] The limiting plate 13 divides the inner cavity of the guide frame 11 into a chamber near the cover plate 12 and a chamber near the frame body 1, preventing moisture from entering the chamber on the frame body 1 from the chamber on the cover plate 12. The sealing interface formed by the annular limiting plate 13 and the sealing cover 7 further improves the overall sealing performance of the ventilation frame structure. A sealing element 17 is provided at the edge of the sealing cover 7. When the sealing cover 7 is pressed against the limiting plate 13, the sealing element 17 is compressed between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13, forming a reliable sealing interface. This sealing interface, together with the sealing interface between the limiting plate 13 and the guide frame 11, constitutes a double seal, effectively preventing moisture and dust from entering the inner cavity on the frame body 1 from the interface between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13 when the ventilation frame is closed.

[0040] The limiting block 14 engages with the edge of the sealing cover 7 to limit the movement of the sealing cover 7. The specific shape of the limiting block 14 can be a boss, a stop, or a claw, and multiple limiting blocks 14 can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the guide frame 11.

[0041] In this embodiment, the limiting block 14 has multiple bosses evenly distributed on the inner sidewall of the guide frame 11. The bosses are evenly arranged along the circumference of the guide frame 11, and the number of bosses is generally 3 to 6, to ensure that the supporting force of the limiting block 14 on the edge of the sealing cover 7 is evenly distributed. The edge of the sealing cover 7 is provided with a mating structure corresponding to the limiting block 14. This mating structure can be a flange, a step, or a groove.

[0042] In this embodiment, the sealing cover 7 has a radially outwardly extending flange at its edge. The outer diameter of the flange is larger than the inner diameter of the guide frame 11 minus the height of the boss of the limiting block 14. When the sealing cover 7 moves to the maximum opening position in the direction of the cover plate 12, the flange at the edge of the sealing cover 7 contacts the boss of the limiting block 14, and the boss generates axial resistance to the flange, causing the sealing cover 7 to stop at the maximum opening position.

[0043] The sealing cover 7 moves towards the cover plate 12 under the push of the drive slider 5. When the edge flange of the sealing cover 7 contacts the boss of the limiting block 14, the boss generates an axial reaction force on the flange. This reaction force is transmitted through the flange to the sealing cover 7 body, and then to the drive slider 5 and the drive screw 4, and finally to the drive motor 6. The drive motor 6 detects a sudden increase in load and determines through the control system that the sealing cover 7 has reached the maximum opening position, and stops the rotation of the drive screw 4.

[0044] Under normal operating conditions, the drive motor 6 precisely controls the rotation angle of the drive screw 4 through the control system, stopping the sealing cover 7 at the designed open or closed position, without relying on the mechanical limits of the limit block 14 and the limit plate 13. The mechanical hard limit provided by the limit block 14 and the limit plate 13 serves as a safety guarantee; only in the event of a control system malfunction or a loss of control of the drive motor 6 will the limit block 14 and the limit plate 13 mechanically stop the movement of the sealing cover 7, preventing excessive movement of the sealing cover 7 and resulting structural damage. The material and strength requirements of the limit block 14 should meet the reliability requirements for long-term use. The limit block 14 should be made of high-strength materials, such as alloy steel or engineering plastics, capable of withstanding the impact load generated by repeated impacts from the sealing cover 7. The surface of the boss of the limit block 14 should be hardened or coated with a wear-resistant coating to improve its wear resistance and prevent a decrease in limit accuracy due to wear during long-term use.

[0045] A sealing element 17 is provided at the edge of the sealing cover 7 to achieve a seal between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13. The sealing element 17 can be an O-ring, a lip seal, or a flat sealing gasket. In this embodiment, the sealing element 17 is an O-ring, which is installed in an annular groove on the edge of the sealing cover 7. The depth and width of the groove are designed according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the O-ring to ensure that the O-ring is partially exposed on the groove surface in the uncompressed state. When the sealing cover 7 is pressed against the limiting plate 13, the O-ring is compressed between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13. The elastic deformation of the O-ring makes it fit tightly against the contact surfaces of the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13, forming a reliable sealing interface. The fit between the contact surfaces of the sealing element 17 and the limiting plate 13 has an important impact on the sealing effect. The surface of the limiting plate 13 in contact with the sealing element 17 should be flat and smooth, and the surface roughness should meet the sealing requirements to avoid surface defects that could cause leakage channels between the sealing element 17 and the limiting plate 13.

[0046] The pre-compression of the seal 17 is a key parameter affecting the sealing effect. Pre-compression refers to the ratio of the compression deformation of the seal 17 after the sealing cap 7 and the limiting plate 13 are pressed together to the original cross-sectional dimension of the seal 17. If the pre-compression is too small, the contact pressure between the seal 17 and the contact surface will be insufficient, resulting in a poor sealing effect. If the pre-compression is too large, the seal 17 will be over-compressed, reducing its elastic recovery ability. After long-term use, the seal 17 is prone to permanent deformation and loss of sealing function. A reasonable pre-compression is generally 15% to 25% of the original cross-sectional dimension of the seal 17.

[0047] The ventilation frame structure adopts multiple sealing lines, from the outside to the inside: sealing material 16 in the interlayer between the guide frame 11 and the frame body 1, sealing connection between the limiting plate 13 and the inner wall of the guide frame 11, and sealing element 17 between the sealing cover 7 and the limiting plate 13.

[0048] Sealing material 16 prevents moisture from entering the inner cavity of guide frame 11 from the connection between guide frame 11 and frame body 1, forming the first line of defense. The sealing connection between limiting plate 13 and the inner wall of guide frame 11 divides the inner cavity of guide frame 11 into two independent chambers, preventing moisture from entering the chamber near cover plate 12 from the chamber near frame body 1, forming the second line of defense. Seal 17 prevents moisture from entering the inner side of cover plate 12 from the interface between sealing cover 7 and limiting plate 13, protecting the passenger compartment from moisture intrusion, forming the third line of defense.

[0049] Seal 17 should be made of an elastic material that is resistant to aging, high and low temperatures, and oil. Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber is a commonly used sealing material. EPDM has excellent weather resistance and ozone resistance, and can maintain good elasticity and sealing performance in a temperature range of -40℃ to +120℃. It is suitable for applications such as automotive ventilation frames that are exposed to outdoor environments for a long time.

[0050] Multiple vent holes 18 are provided on the side wall of the guide frame 11, which connect the internal space of the guide frame 11 with the atmosphere. The vent holes 18 are specifically located in the area between the limiting plate 13 and the limiting block 14, that is, on the side wall of the guide frame 11 within the effective travel range of the sealing cover 7. The number of vent holes 18 is generally 2 to 6, and the vent holes 18 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide frame 11. The shape of the vent holes 18 can be circular or oblong, and the diameter or length of the vent holes 18 is generally 3 to 8 millimeters.

[0051] The location design of the vent 18 should also consider the waterproofing requirements under wading conditions. The vent 18 should not be located at the bottom of the guide frame 11 or near the frame body 1 to prevent water from directly entering the inner cavity of the guide frame 11 through the vent 18 during wading. The vent 18 should be located in the upper middle or top of the side wall of the guide frame 11, away from potential water levels. To further improve the waterproofing performance of the vent 18, a waterproof and breathable membrane can be installed at the vent 18. The waterproof and breathable membrane is a functional material with a microporous structure; the micropore size is smaller than a water droplet but larger than a gas molecule, allowing gas to pass freely while preventing liquid water from passing through, thus achieving both pressure balance and preventing moisture intrusion.

[0052] The cover plate 12 and the guide frame 11 are fixedly connected. The specific method of fixed connection can be bolting, riveting, or welding. If the cover plate 12 and the guide frame 11 are bolted together, multiple bolt holes are evenly distributed on the edge of the cover plate 12 and the end face of the guide frame 11, and the cover plate 12 is fastened to the end face of the guide frame 11 by bolts. Bolting facilitates assembly and maintenance; when it is necessary to replace the drive motor 6 or repair the actuator 3, the cover plate 12 can be removed from the guide frame 11 by removing the bolts.

[0053] Compared to snap-fit ​​connections, fixed connections rely on the elastic deformation of the snap-fit ​​mechanism for connection. Snap-fit ​​connections are prone to fatigue failure under long-term vibration and impact loads, leading to loosening or detachment of the cover plate 12. Fixed connections, using rigid connection methods such as bolts, rivets, or welds, offer significantly higher connection strength than snap-fit ​​connections. They can withstand various vibrations and impact loads during vehicle operation, ensuring long-term stable and reliable connection between the cover plate 12 and the guide frame 11. The fixed connection method has a significant impact on the installation stability of the drive motor 6.

[0054] The drive motor 6 is fixed at the center of the cover plate 12, and the output shaft of the drive motor 6 is connected to one end of the drive screw 4. The cover plate 12 forms a rigid whole with the guide frame 11 through a fixed connection, and there is no relative movement between the cover plate 12 and the guide frame 11, so the installation position of the drive motor 6 remains stable. The axis of the drive screw 4 is coaxial with the axis of the guide frame 11, and the other end of the drive screw 4 is rotatably connected to the center of the ventilation plate 8. The ventilation plate 8 is fixed inside the frame body 1, and the frame body 1 and the guide frame 11 are connected by plug-in joints and sealing material 16, so that the entire ventilation frame structure forms a stable coaxial system.

[0055] The axis of the drive screw 4 is coaxial with the axis of the guide frame 11, ensuring that the movement trajectory of the sealing cover 7 along the axial direction of the drive screw 4 coincides with the axis of the guide frame 11. The movement of the sealing cover 7 has good linearity and smoothness, and will not cause uneven wear or jamming between the sealing cover 7 and the inner wall of the guide frame 11 due to axial misalignment. The cover plate 12 is fixedly connected to the end face of the guide frame 11 by bolts. The preload of the bolts presses the cover plate 12 against the limiting plate 13, and the sealing element 17 at the edge of the cover plate 12 is compressed between the cover plate 12 and the limiting plate 13. The magnitude of the bolt preload directly determines the pre-compression amount of the sealing element 17. By controlling the tightening torque of the bolts, the pre-compression amount of the sealing element 17 can be precisely controlled, ensuring that the sealing element 17 maintains stable sealing performance throughout its service life.

[0056] Example 2 This embodiment provides a vehicle body equipped with the aforementioned controllable opening and closing ventilation frame structure, which significantly improves water wading protection and ventilation performance.

[0057] The installation location of the ventilation frame structure on the vehicle body is selected based on specific ventilation requirements and water wading risks. For the underside of the vehicle body, the ventilation frame structure is used for ventilation of the passenger compartment, improving air quality in the passenger compartment.

[0058] Under normal driving conditions, the wading sensor 15 does not detect a wading signal, the drive motor 6 remains off, the sealing cover 7 is in its initial position away from the ventilation plate 8, and the vent 9 is open, allowing free airflow between the inside and outside of the vehicle, thus achieving ventilation in the passenger compartment. When the vehicle enters a flooded section, the wading sensor 15 detects a wading signal and transmits it to the control terminal of the drive motor 6. Upon receiving the wading signal, the drive motor 6 immediately starts, and the drive screw 4 rotates under the drive of the drive motor 6. The drive slider 5 moves along the axis of the drive screw 4 towards the ventilation plate 8, and the sealing cover 7 moves towards the ventilation plate 8 along with the drive slider 5. When the sealing cover 7 moves to a position where it is in close contact with the limit plate 13, the sealing cover 7 completely seals the passenger compartment from the outside, effectively preventing water from entering the passenger compartment through the vent 9 and protecting the electrical system and mechanical components inside the vehicle from water damage.

[0059] Example 3 This embodiment provides a vehicle that, when equipped with the aforementioned body, achieves a comprehensive improvement in wading capability, reliability, and user experience.

[0060] Commercial vehicles, such as trucks and buses, have large bodies and high ventilation requirements. Therefore, the size of the ventilation frame structure and the number of ventilation openings 9 increase accordingly. The number of wading sensors 15 may also increase to multiple, installed at the front, middle, and rear of the vehicle to achieve real-time monitoring of the vehicle's wading status. The linkage control logic between the vehicle control system, the wading sensors 15, and the drive motor 6 embodies an intelligent wading protection strategy. The wading sensors 15 monitor the water level around the vehicle in real time. Using capacitive or ultrasonic sensors, they can accurately detect water level height. When the water level reaches a preset threshold, the wading sensor 15 sends a wading signal to the vehicle control system. The vehicle control system determines the wading status based on the signal and sends a shut-off command to the drive motor 6. Upon receiving the shut-off command, the drive motor 6 immediately starts, driving the sealing cover 7 to the position of the limit plate 13. The entire response process is completed within 1 to 2 seconds, ensuring sealing before the water reaches the ventilation openings 9. The vehicle dynamically adjusts the response time based on parameters such as vehicle speed, water level height, and wading duration.

[0061] As a crucial component of the vehicle's wading protection system, the ventilation frame structure actively controls the opening and closing of the ventilation vents 9, providing reliable waterproofing protection under wading conditions and significantly improving the vehicle's wading capability. The improved reliability of vehicles equipped with this ventilation frame structure is reflected in the reduced risk of vehicle damage due to water wading, thus minimizing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation frame structure that can be controlled to close and open, characterized in that, It includes a frame body, a cover plate assembly, and an actuator; the frame body is inserted into the sheet metal parts of the vehicle body, and the edge of the sheet metal parts overlaps with the frame body; the cover plate assembly is mounted on the frame body; The actuator includes a drive screw, a drive slider, and a drive motor. The drive motor is located at the center of the cover plate of the cover plate assembly. One end of the drive screw is connected to the drive motor, and the other end is rotatably connected to the center of the ventilation plate in the frame body. The drive slider is mounted on the drive screw and is fixedly located at the center of the sealing cover. The drive slider drives the sealing cover to move, thereby blocking the ventilation opening on the ventilation plate. The frame body is equipped with a water immersion sensor, which is connected to the actuator.

2. The ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover assembly includes a tubular guide frame, the cross-sectional shape of which is adapted to the contour of the sealing cover, and the cover plate is provided at one end of the guide frame. The cover plate and the guide frame are connected by snap-fit ​​or fixed connection.

3. The ventilation frame structure that can be controlled to close and open according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the guide frame is inserted into the frame body, and a sealing material is provided in the interlayer between the guide frame and the frame body.

4. The ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting plate and a limiting block are provided on the inner side wall of the guide frame. The limiting block is arranged close to the cover plate, and the limiting plate is arranged close to the frame body.

5. The ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting plate is annular and coaxially arranged with the guide frame. The outer edge of the limiting plate is sealed to the inner wall of the guide frame. A sealing element is provided at the edge of the sealing cover to achieve a seal between the cover plate and the limiting plate.

6. The ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ventilation plate is provided in the frame body, and the ventilation plate is sealed to the inner wall of the frame body.

7. The ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ventilation panel is provided with multiple ventilation openings, and each ventilation opening is provided with a rotatable blade. The blade is normally closed under the action of gravity, and will open under the action of wind when ventilation is needed.

8. The ventilation frame structure controllable to close and open according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide frame has multiple ventilation holes on its side wall to allow it to connect to the atmosphere.

9. A vehicle body, characterized in that, Includes a controllable opening and closing ventilation frame structure as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the vehicle body as described in claim 9.

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