An environmental and posture perception-based high-voltage power-on adaptive control method and system for an electric vehicle

Abstract

The application provides an environment and posture perception-based high-voltage power-on adaptive control method and system for an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of high-voltage electrical control of electric vehicles. The system comprises a vehicle controller for collecting environmental humidity data, vehicle longitudinal inclination, time since last power-off, historical insulation state information and driver intention signals; a mode arbitration module for determining and outputting one of the following modes according to a preset threshold: a high-humidity fault-tolerant mode activated when the collected environmental humidity data is greater than 85% and there is no insulation fault history; a ramp rapid mode activated when the vehicle longitudinal inclination is greater than 5 degrees, the time since last power-off is less than 2 seconds, and the power-off reason is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking. By effectively avoiding the false locking of the high-voltage system due to surface moisture in heavy rain, the vehicle availability in bad weather is improved, and the problem of difficult trade-off between user waiting time and safety risk in multiple bad working conditions is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage electrical control technology for electric vehicles, specifically to an adaptive control method and system for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environmental and attitude perception. Background Technology

[0002] The high-voltage power-on process, which is the process from vehicle wake-up from low voltage to the establishment of the high-voltage bus and the readiness of the drive system, is the first line of defense to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle. Currently, the industry-standard high-voltage power-on process usually follows a standardized sequence of steps: vehicle wake-up, self-test (including insulation detection, relay sticking diagnosis, etc.), pre-charging, main relay closure, pre-charge relay opening, and power-on complete.

[0003] This standard procedure effectively ensures safety under most routine operating conditions. However, with the continuous expansion of electric vehicle application scenarios, especially in special geographical and climatic environments, the limitations of existing technical solutions are becoming increasingly apparent. First, in environments with persistent high humidity and frequent condensation, insulation detection strategies are too rigid. Current solutions generally use a single, fixed insulation resistance threshold for fault diagnosis. In hot, humid summers or early mornings after rain, condensation easily forms on the surface of high-voltage components, causing the instantaneous insulation resistance measurement to fall below the fault threshold, thus triggering an incorrect "insulation fault" alarm and preventing the vehicle from being powered on. This essentially misjudges "recoverable surface dampness" as "irrecoverable component damage," resulting in a severely degraded user experience and potentially leading to unnecessary repair disputes. Existing technology lacks an intelligent fault-tolerant mechanism that can effectively distinguish between "instantaneous dampness" and "permanent faults." Secondly, in mountainous and hilly terrain with multiple slopes, the power-on process fails to coordinate with the vehicle's dynamics, posing a safety hazard. The existing power-on process is independent of the vehicle's actual posture and driving intention. When a vehicle temporarily stops on a steep slope (e.g., waiting at a red light) and enters a power-off state, if the driver needs to start immediately, the lengthy self-check process from zero (especially the time-consuming "static insulation self-check" in some models) can delay the establishment of the high-voltage system, causing a significant lag or even a brief interruption in power output. On a slope, this power interruption can directly cause the vehicle to roll backward, posing a significant safety risk. The existing process lacks optimization strategies for this high-risk scenario of "rapid power-on on slopes." Finally, the control strategy is too simplistic and cannot adapt to complex and ever-changing real-world operating conditions. Existing technologies typically employ a "one-size-fits-all" control logic, applying the same fixed detection sequence and threshold standards regardless of whether the vehicle is on dry, flat ground or a wet slope. This strategy, lacking scenario awareness and adaptive capabilities, fails to achieve the optimal balance between ensuring a safety baseline and guaranteeing startability and user experience. It either tolerates a high false alarm rate in pursuit of absolute safety or sacrifices potential risks in pursuit of startability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an adaptive control method and system for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception, which solves the problem of lacking corresponding adjustments according to environmental conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adaptive control system for high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception, comprising: The vehicle controller is used to collect ambient humidity data, vehicle longitudinal tilt angle, time since last power-off, historical insulation status information, and driver intention signals. The pattern arbitration module is used to determine and output one of the following patterns based on a preset threshold: High humidity fault-tolerant mode: Activated when the collected ambient humidity data is >85% and there is no history of insulation faults; Hill Start Mode: Activated when the vehicle's longitudinal tilt angle is >5°, the time since the last power-off is <2 seconds, and the reason for the power-off is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking; Composite mode: Simultaneously meets the activation conditions of both high humidity fault-tolerant mode and ramp fast mode; The process execution module is used to execute differentiated power-on processes that match the pattern.

[0006] Preferably, the process execution module executes in a high-humidity fault-tolerant mode: The battery management module changed the insulation fault threshold from the standard value. Dynamically downgraded to ,in =k× k is 0.5 A coefficient of 0.7; If the current insulation resistance value satisfy ≤ < If so, high voltage is allowed to be applied and a 60-second monitoring window is initiated; Continuously monitor insulation resistance after power-on (t), and perform fault determination or alarm cancellation based on its changing trend.

[0007] Preferably, the process execution module executes in ramp fast mode: Skip insulation testing and non-critical component initialization; Retain the high-voltage interlock check and pre-charge circuit function verification; Prioritize establishing the high-voltage circuit for the drive motor and send a pre-torque command to the motor controller.

[0008] Preferably, the process execution module executes sequentially in composite mode: Preliminary insulation check for high humidity fault-tolerant mode; Power-on sequence for ramp fast mode; Continuous insulation monitoring after power-on.

[0009] Preferably, the insulation trend determination logic includes: like (t) monotonically increases to ≥ during the monitoring period The surface moisture has been eliminated; If the monitoring period ends (t)< Record potential fault codes; If during the monitoring period (t) continues to drop below the safety threshold, triggering an emergency reduction in high pressure.

[0010] An adaptive control method for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception includes the following steps: Step S100. When the vehicle is woken up, the ambient humidity, vehicle longitudinal tilt angle, time since the last power-off and insulation history data are collected simultaneously. Step S200. Arbitrate four power-on modes based on preset thresholds: Step S210. Standard Mode: Execute the complete power-on process if no special conditions are triggered; Step S220. High humidity fault-tolerant mode: Ambient humidity > 85% and no history of insulation faults; Step S230. Rapid Ramp Mode: Longitudinal tilt angle > 5° and less than 2 seconds since the last power-off, and the reason for power-off is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking; Step S240. Composite mode: Simultaneously satisfy the conditions for high humidity tolerance and rapid ramp triggering.

[0011] Preferably, during the execution of the high humidity fault-tolerant mode in step S220, the insulation fault threshold is dynamically lowered to 50% to 70% of the standard value. When the current insulation resistance value is between the lowered threshold and the standard threshold, power-on is allowed and a 60-second monitoring window is started. Post-processing measures are then executed based on the trend of insulation resistance change during the monitoring period.

[0012] Preferably, during the execution of the ramp fast mode in step S230, insulation detection and non-critical component initialization are skipped, and only high-voltage interlock check and pre-charge circuit verification are performed. The drive circuit relay is closed first and a pre-torque command is sent to the battery management module.

[0013] Preferably, in the composite mode execution process of step S240, firstly, the preliminary insulation detection and fault-tolerant power-on of the high humidity fault-tolerant mode are performed; secondly, the ramp fast power-on sequence is executed immediately after the insulation check; and finally, the insulation resistance is continuously monitored for 60 seconds after successful power-on.

[0014] Preferably, the post-processing measures include: If the insulation resistance monotonically increases to ≥ the standard threshold during the monitoring period, clear the alarm. If the power level is still below the standard threshold at the end of the monitoring period, record the fault code and limit the power. If the insulation resistance continues to drop below the safety threshold during the monitoring period, power should be cut off immediately.

[0015] Beneficial Effects: This invention dynamically relaxes insulation testing standards when high ambient humidity is detected, allowing temporary energization of insulation resistance within the compliant range. Simultaneously, a 60-second real-time monitoring window is activated, intelligently deactivating alarms or triggering maintenance reminders based on insulation recovery trends. This effectively prevents false locking of the high-voltage system due to surface moisture during heavy rain, significantly improving vehicle availability in adverse weather conditions. Furthermore, this invention significantly streamlines unnecessary self-check procedures for short-term restarts on slopes, prioritizing the establishment of the high-voltage circuit for the drive motor and pre-loading anti-rollover pre-torque. Millisecond-level pre-torque commands fill the power vacuum before high-voltage establishment, completely eliminating the risk of rollover after starting on a slope and ensuring parking safety on slopes. This invention employs a three-stage cascaded control strategy for complex operating conditions involving high humidity and slopes. It first ensures basic insulation safety, then seamlessly switches to a rapid power-on process for slopes, achieving a balance between basic insulation safety and scenario response efficiency. This solves the problem of balancing user waiting time and safety risks under multiple adverse conditions. Furthermore, this invention implements dynamic decision-making based on real-time insulation change trends. During the monitoring period, the alarm is automatically deactivated upon recovery to the target level. Faults are continuously recorded at low values, and power is limited. In cases of rapid degradation, power is immediately cut off for protection. This establishes a three-level response mechanism, from mild to severe, avoiding overprotection caused by traditional single thresholds. This enhances safety while maximizing driving continuity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the framework of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an adaptive control system for high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception, comprising: The vehicle controller connects to environmental sensors, an inertial measurement unit, and a battery management module. It is used to collect real-time data on ambient humidity, vehicle longitudinal tilt angle, time since last power-off, historical insulation status information, and driver intention signals, including accelerator or brake pedal status. The mode arbitration module, integrated into the vehicle controller, uses multi-condition logic AND gate judgment rules to output one of the following modes based on a preset threshold: High humidity fault-tolerant mode: Activated when ambient humidity data > 85% and the battery management module has no historical insulation hard fault codes; Hill Start Mode: Activated when the vehicle's longitudinal tilt angle is >5°, the time since the last power-off is <2 seconds, and the power-off reason is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking trigger. Composite mode: Simultaneously satisfies the logical activation conditions of both high-humidity fault-tolerant mode and ramp fast mode; The process execution module includes a battery management module dynamic threshold unit, a relay control unit, and an MCU communication unit, which is used to execute differentiated power-on processes that match the mode. The process execution module executes in high-humidity fault-tolerant mode: In the battery management module, insulation detection uses an internal calculation module to adjust the insulation fault threshold from the standard value. Dynamically downgraded to ,in =k× k is 0.5 A coefficient of 0.7; If the current insulation resistance value satisfy ≤ < This enables the precharge relay drive signal to start high-voltage power-on, and simultaneously activates the 60-second timer to open the monitoring window; During the monitoring window, the battery management module continuously monitors the insulation resistance at a frequency of ≥1Hz. (t), the vehicle controller performs fault determination or alarm cancellation based on the slope change; The process execution module executes in ramp fast mode: The vehicle controller commands are used to skip insulation testing and initialization self-tests of non-drive high-voltage components such as air conditioning compressors and DC-DC converters. Continuity check of the high-voltage interlock circuit and voltage matching verification of the pre-charge capacitor are required. The main relay of the control power battery prioritizes closing the drive motor circuit, and simultaneously sends 5 signals to the motor controller via the CAN bus. A 10Nm pre-torque hold command prevents the vehicle from rolling backward; The process execution module executes sequentially in composite mode: First, invoke the insulation threshold adjustment and initial detection steps of the high humidity fault-tolerant mode; exist ≥ The power-on timing of the ramp fast mode is triggered immediately under the given conditions; After the high voltage is established, the insulation resistance trend monitoring is continuously operated for 60 seconds, during which the vehicle controller receives insulation data messages from the battery management module in real time. The insulation trend determination logic includes: like (t) The value increases at three consecutive sampling points within the time interval t≤60s and the final value is ≥ The surface moisture was determined to be eliminated and the temporary fault sign was removed; If t=60s (t)< Record potential fault codes of level 2 in the battery management module; If during the monitoring period (t) If the descent slope exceeds 0.5kΩ / s or exceeds the safety threshold, the vehicle controller triggers an emergency disconnect command for the high-voltage contactor; Furthermore, this adaptive control system deeply integrates environmental and attitude perception technologies. Through the vehicle controller, it integrates real-time data from multiple sources, including ambient humidity, vehicle longitudinal tilt angle, time elapsed since the last power-off, historical insulation status, and driver intent, as well as accelerator and brake pedal states. The mode arbitration module makes mode decisions based on strict multi-condition logic and gate rules: when ambient humidity > 85% and the battery management module has no historical insulation hard fault codes, such as non-recoverable faults like internal short circuits in the battery pack, the high-humidity fault-tolerant mode is activated; when the vehicle longitudinal tilt angle > 5°, and the slope scenario has a short restart time of < 2 seconds since the last power-off, and the power-off reason is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking trigger, fault-induced power-off interference is eliminated, and the slope fast mode is activated; if both conditions are met simultaneously, a composite mode is entered, achieving collaborative optimization across multiple scenarios.

[0019] The execution process of the high-humidity fault-tolerant mode focuses on insulation reliability in wet environments: First, the battery management module uses a dynamic threshold unit to adjust the insulation fault determination criteria from... For example, 500kΩ, dynamically adjusted to... =k× k is 0.5 0.7, adaptively selected based on humidity gradient, allowing in ∈[ , The pre-charge relay is activated at this time. Secondly, activate a 60-second monitoring window and continuously monitor at a frequency of ≥1Hz. (t); Finally, the insulation trend analysis employs dynamic prediction logic: if three consecutive sampling points, with a minimum interval of 3 seconds, show an upward trend and the final value is ≥ If the surface condensation evaporates, the alarm will be deactivated; if it does not, the alarm will be deactivated after 60 seconds. (t)< It records Level 2 recoverable fault codes, allowing driving to continue but requiring maintenance and inspection. If the slope is detected to be ≤-0.5kΩ / s or the instantaneous value exceeds the minimum safety threshold, such as 20kΩ, the vehicle controller immediately triggers the high-voltage contactor disconnection command, achieving dual safety protection of "dynamic threshold initial inspection + trend tracking" throughout the process.

[0020] The ramp fast mode prioritizes preventing rollback with millisecond-level response: First, the process optimization skips the self-test of non-drive high-voltage components such as the air conditioner compressor and DC-DC converter, saving >300ms; Secondly, core safety procedures are retained: continuity verification of high-voltage interlock circuits and voltage matching of pre-charge capacitors to avoid surge current; Finally, the main relay of the power battery prioritizes closing the drive motor circuit and sends a 5-bit signal to the motor controller via the MCU communication unit. A 10Nm pre-torque command, dynamically calculated based on the slope, generates mechanical parking force before the high-voltage busbar is established. This process ensures that the entire link delay from key power-on to torque application is ≤800ms, significantly better than the conventional mode, which is >2s.

[0021] The composite mode adopts a cascaded intelligent control strategy: The first phase implements insulation threshold adjustment in high humidity mode only when (t)≥ At that time, the basic insulation safety triggering process is satisfied; The next stage seamlessly connects to the rapid timing sequence of the ramp: skipping redundant self-checks, executing HVIL and capacitor pre-charging, prioritizing the closing of the drive circuit relay, and issuing pre-torque commands to achieve instantaneous response in ramp scenarios; After high voltage is established, real-time insulation monitoring is maintained for 60 seconds. The vehicle controller receives BMS insulation messages via the CAN bus at 10ms intervals. During the monitoring period, dual logic is embedded: wet environment trend analysis (to determine condensation dissipation) and emergency stop logic for sudden faults. (t)≥ Alternatively, record a Level 2 fault code and restrict only some non-essential high-voltage loads; if the slope deteriorates to -0.5kΩ / s, such as a drop of 50kΩ within 0.1 seconds, then urgently disconnect the high voltage.

[0022] The system balances security and efficiency through three innovative mechanisms: Environmental adaptability: Dynamically relax the insulation threshold in humid environments and compensate for potential risks by monitoring trends; Operating condition response optimization: The power-on timing chain in the ramp scenario is reconstructed to fill the dynamic vacuum before high voltage establishment with pre-torque; Fault classification and control: recoverable anomalies are distinguished according to the rate of insulation degradation; Level 2 codes and sudden dangers trigger immediate emergency stop to avoid functional limitations caused by over-protection. Ultimately, this achieves the core objective of ensuring high-voltage safety while maintaining driving functionality in high-risk scenarios such as heavy rain and steep slopes.

[0023] Example 2: An adaptive control method for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception, comprising: Step S100. Wake up each node on the bus through the vehicle controller and synchronously collect: ambient humidity data collected by the external humidity sensor, longitudinal tilt angle θ of the inertial measurement unit, and the time since the last power-off and insulation history stored in the battery management module. Step S200. The vehicle controller makes parallel judgments based on multi-source data and arbitrates the following modes: Standard mode: When the data collected in step S100 does not trigger a special condition threshold; High humidity fault-tolerant mode: When the ambient humidity data is >85% and there are no insulation-related fault codes in the battery management module's fault log, the high humidity fault-tolerant mode includes: The battery management module receives instructions from the vehicle controller and dynamically lowers the insulation threshold to [the specified value]. 50% to 70%; If the battery management module detects In [ , Within this range, pre-charging and main relay closing procedures are permitted. After the high voltage is successfully established, a separate thread is started to sample at a fixed period. (t), perform post-processing based on the data sequence characteristics within 60 seconds; Hill Start Assist Mode: The vehicle's longitudinal tilt angle is >5° and the time since the last power-off is <2 seconds, and the power-off reason code is 01 (normal shutdown) or 03 (auto hold). Hill Start Assist Mode includes: The vehicle controller shields the insulation detection module enable signal and the initialization requests of non-drive components such as the on-board charger and PTC heater. Only enable high voltage interlock diagnostic circuit and pre-charge resistor function test; Within 5ms after the drive motor contactor closes, a pre-torque command for ramping up is sent to the MCU via the CAN communication protocol. Composite mode: Simultaneously satisfies the logical conditions of high humidity tolerance and rapid ramp execution; composite mode executes sequentially. Phase C1: Execute the high-humidity fault-tolerant procedure until the pre-closing check of the main relay is completed; Phase C2: When (t)≥ Skip the remaining self-checks and immediately enter the high-voltage establishment process in the ramp-fast mode; Phase C3: After driving the high-voltage output, an asynchronous 60-second insulation monitoring thread is started.

[0024] Post-treatment measures include: When the monitoring curve meets / >0 and (60)≥ Clear temporary fault markers in the battery management module; when (60)< but (t)> Safety threshold, record fault codes that can be delayed and limit output power; When it occurs during the monitoring period If (t) ≤ safety threshold or the mutation rate exceeds 20%, implement a level 3 fault protection strategy: disconnect all high-voltage contactors and illuminate the instrument alarm lights.

[0025] Furthermore, this method achieves intelligent adaptive control of the high-voltage power-on process through the dynamic fusion of environmental and attitude perception data. In execution step S100, the vehicle controller synchronously acquires four key parameters after waking up the bus: external humidity sensor data for environmental condition assessment, IMU longitudinal tilt angle θ reflecting ramp attitude, and power-down interval duration stored in the BMS for judging restart timeliness and insulation history, as well as fault tracing basis. Step S200 uses parallel triggering logic for mode arbitration: when all data does not exceed the threshold, it enters the standard mode; when humidity > 85% and there is no insulation hard fault code in the BMS, the high humidity fault-tolerant mode is activated; when θ > 5°, power-down interval < 2s and the power-down code is 01 or 03, excluding abnormal power failure, the ramp fast mode is triggered; when both conditions coexist, it switches to a phased execution architecture of composite mode.

[0026] The core process of the high-humidity fault-tolerant mode includes three layers of protection: Threshold dynamics: The VCU instruction BMS changes the insulation threshold from... Reduce by 50% to 70% ,like =500kΩ ∈[250,350]kΩ interval; Conditional pre-charge authorization: When BMS detects In [ , When the section is half open, proceed with the pre-charging and main relay closing process. Continuous tracking mechanism: After the high voltage is established, an independent monitoring thread is started to sample at a fixed period (typically 200ms). (t), performing trend post-processing on the data sequence within a 60-second window period.

[0027] The ramp fast mode employs a critical path acceleration strategy: Streamlined process: The vehicle controller actively shields the insulation detection enable signal and self-test requests from non-drive components such as the on-board charger and PTC heater, saving ≥400ms; Key retained features: mandatory high-voltage interlock circuit diagnosis and pre-charge resistor function verification, surge protection; Anti-slip preload: Within 5ms after the drive motor contactor closes, a pre-torque command is sent to the MCU via the CAN protocol. 10Nm, this command uses a 100ms ramp-up curve to avoid mechanical impact, and forms an anti-backward slip torque before the high-voltage busbar is fully compressed.

[0028] A three-stage time-sequential design for composite patterns: Phase 1: Completely execute the insulation threshold adjustment, pre-charge procedure, and pre-closing check for the main relay in high humidity mode, including... ≥ verify; Phase Two: When the conditions are met (t)≥ Under certain conditions, the subsequent self-test sequence is interrupted, such as when the air conditioner compressor is initialized, and the process immediately jumps to the rapid high-pressure establishment process. The third stage: After driving the high voltage output, an asynchronous 60-second insulation monitoring thread is started and executed in parallel with the power control to avoid affecting the real-time torque response.

[0029] Post-treatment measures correspond to multi-level fault evolution paths: Self-recovery criterion: If the monitoring curve satisfies... >0 upward trend, and R(60)≥ For example, 500kΩ, clear the BMS temporary fault marker and allow the moisture on the marker surface to dissipate; Mild fault tolerance: When R(60) < But throughout (t)> Safety threshold, such as 100kΩ, record a level 2 fault code that can be delayed and activate the power gradient limiting mechanism to gradually reduce the output power and avoid sudden power changes; Emergency protection: During the monitoring period, [the following occurred]. If (t) ≤ safety threshold or single-cycle sudden change exceeds 20%, such as when 100kΩ drops to 80kΩ, Level 3 protection is implemented: immediately disconnect all high-voltage contactors, illuminate the red alarm light on the instrument, and store fault snapshot data. This hierarchical mechanism achieves seamless connection from trend warning to hard-line protection, taking into account both system availability and high-risk response speed.

[0030] This method achieves a balance between safety and timeliness in the high-voltage power-on process under complex and harsh conditions such as heavy rain and steep slopes by dynamically reconstructing environmental parameters, optimizing the slope driven by attitude characteristics, and hierarchical closed-loop control of pre-torque loading and fault evolution. The torque response delay control in the slope mode is improved by less than 500ms compared to the standard mode, while the wet environment monitoring thread only increases the computing power load of the vehicle controller by ≤3%.

[0031] Example 3:

[0032] Compared to traditional fixed-process high-voltage power-on control systems, this solution achieves a three-dimensional leap in safety, efficiency, and scenario adaptability. Its core breakthrough lies in the dynamic arbitration mechanism that utilizes multi-source perception of environment, attitude, time, and history, thus pushing the high-voltage power-on process from a "single standard" to "on-demand customization" for the first time.

[0033] In terms of safety optimization, a dynamic insulation threshold management and continuous monitoring and adjudication mechanism has been innovatively introduced. Addressing the persistent problem of false insulation alarms caused by high humidity environments, this is achieved by lowering the threshold (…). =0.5-0.7 It allows power-on under temporary damp conditions, and with 60-second trend analysis (monotonically rising, the alarm is lifted) it effectively distinguishes between real faults and surface moisture. More significantly, it achieves dynamic protection against insulation risks during operation; when the resistance continuously drops to a safe threshold during the monitoring period, it immediately triggers emergency power-off, avoiding the lag risk of traditional solutions relying on periodic detection.

[0034] In terms of efficiency improvement, it features a unique linkage mechanism between a rapid ramp mode and a composite mode. Addressing the power delay and rollback risk caused by the traditional full-process detection (approximately 3-5 seconds) during ramp starts, it significantly shortens the response time to less than 1 second by skipping insulation checks / non-critical initializations, prioritizing the establishment of the drive circuit and deployment of pre-torque commands, while retaining high-voltage interlocking and pre-charge checks to ensure core safety. The composite mode further creatively resolves the response contradiction on high-humidity ramps through a three-stage pipeline processing from "fault-tolerant detection to ramp timing to continuous monitoring," achieving a balance between safety and agility.

[0035] In terms of scenario adaptability, the system is deeply integrated with real user needs: it uses the time since the last power-off to less than 2 seconds to identify temporary start-stop intentions (such as automatic parking at traffic lights) to avoid redundant processes; it verifies the legality of the ramp mode through analysis of the reasons for engine shutdown (normal shutdown / AUTOHOLD); and it uses historical insulation data as a pre-judgment for triggering the high humidity mode to avoid the risk of abuse of vehicles with real historical faults.

[0036] In summary, this solution reconstructs the high-voltage power-on logic by decoupling from specific scenarios, while maintaining safety benchmarks such as ISO6469. It significantly improves the pass rate under harsh conditions (reduced power-on rejection rate in high humidity scenarios) and the response speed in critical scenarios (reduced power-on delay on ramps), providing electric vehicles with a new generation of high-voltage power-on paradigm that combines resilience, agility, and reliability.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-voltage power-on adaptive control system for electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception, characterized in that, include: The vehicle controller is used to collect ambient humidity data, vehicle longitudinal tilt angle, time since last power-off, historical insulation status information, and driver intention signals. The pattern arbitration module is used to determine and output one of the following patterns based on a preset threshold: High humidity fault-tolerant mode: Activated when the collected ambient humidity data is >85% and there is no history of insulation faults; Hill Start Mode: Activated when the vehicle's longitudinal tilt angle is >5°, the time since the last power-off is <2 seconds, and the reason for the power-off is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking; Composite mode: Simultaneously meets the activation conditions of both high humidity fault-tolerant mode and ramp fast mode; The process execution module is used to execute differentiated power-on processes that match the pattern.

2. The adaptive control system for high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process execution module executes in a high-humidity fault-tolerant mode: The battery management module changed the insulation fault threshold from the standard value. Dynamically downgraded to ,in =k× k is 0.5 A coefficient of 0.7; If the current insulation resistance value satisfy ≤ < If so, high voltage is allowed to be applied and a 60-second monitoring window is initiated; Continuously monitor insulation resistance after power-on (t), and perform fault determination or alarm cancellation based on its changing trend.

3. The adaptive control system for high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process execution module executes in ramp fast mode: Skip insulation testing and non-critical component initialization; Retain the high-voltage interlock check and pre-charge circuit function verification; Prioritize establishing the high-voltage circuit for the drive motor and send a pre-torque command to the motor controller.

4. The electric vehicle high-voltage power-on adaptive control system based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process execution module executes sequentially in composite mode: Preliminary insulation check for high humidity fault-tolerant mode; Power-on sequence for ramp fast mode; Continuous insulation monitoring after power-on.

5. The adaptive control system for high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation trend determination logic includes: like (t) monotonically increases to ≥ during the monitoring period The surface moisture has been eliminated; If the monitoring period ends (t)< Record potential fault codes; If during the monitoring period (t) continues to drop below the safety threshold, triggering an emergency reduction in high pressure.

6. A method for adaptive control of high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception, using an adaptive control system for high-voltage power-on of an electric vehicle based on environment and attitude perception as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S100. When the vehicle is woken up, the ambient humidity, vehicle longitudinal tilt angle, time since the last power-off and insulation history data are collected simultaneously. Step S200. Arbitrate four power-on modes based on preset thresholds: Step S210. Standard Mode: Execute the complete power-on process if no special conditions are triggered; Step S220. High humidity fault-tolerant mode: Ambient humidity > 85% and no history of insulation faults; Step S230. Rapid Ramp Mode: Longitudinal tilt angle > 5° and less than 2 seconds since the last power-off, and the reason for power-off is normal engine shutdown or automatic parking; Step S240. Composite mode: Simultaneously satisfy the conditions for high humidity tolerance and rapid ramp triggering.

7. The adaptive control method for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the execution of the high-humidity fault-tolerant mode in step S220, the insulation fault threshold is dynamically lowered to 50% to 70% of the standard value. When the current insulation resistance value is between the lowered threshold and the standard threshold, power-on is allowed and a 60-second monitoring window is started. Post-processing measures are then implemented based on the trend of insulation resistance change during the monitoring period.

8. The adaptive control method for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the execution of the ramp fast mode in step S230, insulation detection and non-critical component initialization are skipped, and only high-voltage interlock check and pre-charge circuit verification are performed. The drive circuit relay is closed first and a pre-torque command is sent to the battery management module.

9. The adaptive control method for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the composite mode execution process of step S240, firstly, the preliminary insulation test and fault-tolerant power-on of the high humidity fault-tolerant mode are performed; secondly, the ramp fast power-on sequence is executed immediately after the insulation test; and finally, the insulation resistance is continuously monitored for 60 seconds after the power-on is successful.

10. The adaptive control method for high-voltage power-on of electric vehicles based on environment and attitude perception according to claim 6, characterized in that: The post-processing measures include: If the insulation resistance monotonically increases to ≥ the standard threshold during the monitoring period, clear the alarm. If the power level is still below the standard threshold at the end of the monitoring period, record the fault code and limit the power. If the insulation resistance continues to drop below the safety threshold during the monitoring period, power should be cut off immediately.

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