A hopper and a method for controlling the speed of material discharge

Abstract

The application provides a hopper and a control method for material discharging speed, which comprises a hopper body, a screw rod penetrating through the center line of the interior of the hopper body, a first end of the screw rod extending out of the top surface of the hopper body and being connected with a driving member, a second end of the screw rod extending out of the bottom outlet of the hopper body, an adjusting block connected with the second end of the screw rod, the adjusting block being located in the interior of the hopper body and above the bottom outlet of the hopper body, the adjusting block moving downward along the screw rod under the driving of the screw rod when the driving member drives the screw rod to rotate forward, the bottom of the adjusting block abutting and sealing with the discharge outlet when the adjusting block moves to the lowest position, the adjusting block moving upward along the screw rod under the driving of the screw rod and being located above the discharge outlet when the driving member drives the screw rod to rotate reversely, and a gap existing between the bottom of the adjusting block and the discharge outlet. The scheme can avoid dust escaping when the hopper discharges materials and realize the control of dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hopper technology, and in particular to a hopper and a method for controlling the material feeding speed. Background Technology

[0002] A hopper is a device installed at the front or rear of equipment such as crushers and belt conveyors to temporarily store powdery or granular materials.

[0003] Currently, when using hoppers to convey powdery or granular materials, the loose powdery or granular material inside the hopper shears against the air as it falls, easily causing the material to be squeezed out and resulting in dust drifting everywhere. Furthermore, when material falls from a height in the hopper, the significant height difference causes it to generate a large amount of dust upon impact with the ground, which then rapidly disperses into the surrounding environment. Considering the lightweight and slow-setting characteristics of dust particles, these tiny particles often remain suspended in the air for extended periods, not only affecting air quality but also posing a potential explosion risk due to the flammability of some dust particles. This poses a threat to the health of operators and exacerbates atmospheric pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hopper and a method for controlling the material feeding speed, which can prevent dust from escaping when the material is discharged from the hopper and achieve dust control.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A hopper, comprising: Hopper body; A screw runs through the center line inside the hopper body. The first end of the screw extends out of the top surface of the hopper body and is connected to the drive component. The second end of the screw extends out of the bottom discharge port of the hopper body. The second end of the screw is connected to an adjusting block, which is located inside the hopper body and above the bottom discharge port of the hopper body. When the drive unit drives the screw to rotate in the forward direction, the adjusting block moves downward along the screw under the drive of the screw. When it moves to the lowest position, the bottom of the adjusting block abuts and seals against the discharge port. When the drive unit drives the screw to rotate in the reverse direction, the adjusting block moves upward along the screw under the drive of the screw and is located above the discharge port, and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block and the discharge port.

[0006] Optionally, the hopper body includes a cylindrical first body and an inverted frustum-shaped second body, the first body and the second body are fixedly connected, the first end of the screw extends out of the top surface of the first body, the second end of the screw extends out of the second body, and the discharge port is provided at the bottom of the second body.

[0007] Optionally, a first level gauge is provided at the first end of the side wall of the cylindrical first body, and the first level gauge is located at the upper third of the hopper body; a second level gauge is provided at the second end of the side wall of the cylindrical first body, and the second level gauge is located at the lower third of the hopper body.

[0008] Optionally, the first and second level gauges are blade-type level gauges, and the rotating blades of the first and second level gauges are located inside the first body of the hopper body.

[0009] Optionally, the adjusting block is conical.

[0010] Optionally, the bottom surface of the adjusting block is the same size as the bottom discharge port of the hopper body.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for controlling the material feeding speed of a hopper, wherein the hopper is as described above, and the method includes: Obtain the material discharge speed from the hopper; Based on the feeding speed, determine the preset rotation speed of the drive screw of the drive component; The control drive unit drives the screw to rotate at a preset speed and in a preset direction, causing the adjusting block to move upward along the screw and be positioned above the discharge port. This creates a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block and the discharge port, allowing the material to fall through the gap along the outside of the adjusting block.

[0012] Optionally, determining the preset rotation speed of the drive screw based on the feeding speed includes: Based on the feeding speed, using the formula Determine the preset rotational speed of the drive screw of the drive component, where For material feeding speed, For proportionality coefficient, This is the preset rotation speed of the screw.

[0013] Optionally, the method for controlling the material discharge speed of the hopper also includes: Upon receiving the first signal from the second level gauge, the current feeding speed is reduced to the first target feeding speed, and the drive component is controlled to drive the screw to rotate in the opposite direction to the current movement direction, thereby raising or lowering the adjusting block.

[0014] Optionally, the method for controlling the material discharge speed of the hopper also includes: Upon receiving the second signal from the first level gauge, the current feeding speed is reduced to the second target feeding speed, and the drive unit is controlled to drive the screw to rotate in the opposite direction to the current direction of movement, thereby raising or lowering the adjusting block. The above-described solution of the present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: The above-described solution of the present invention includes a hopper body; a screw penetrating the center line inside the hopper body, the first end of the screw extending out of the top surface of the hopper body and connected to a driving component, and the second end of the screw extending out of the bottom discharge port of the hopper body; an adjusting block connected to the second end of the screw, the adjusting block being located inside the hopper body and above the bottom discharge port of the hopper body; when the driving component drives the screw to rotate forward, the adjusting block moves downward along the screw under the drive of the screw, and when it moves to the lowest position, the bottom of the adjusting block abuts and seals against the discharge port; when the driving component drives the screw to rotate in the reverse direction, the adjusting block moves upward along the screw under the drive of the screw and is located above the discharge port, and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block and the discharge port, which can prevent dust from escaping when the hopper discharges material, thereby achieving dust control. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the hopper according to an embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Hopper body; 2. Screw; 3. Adjusting block; 4. Discharge port; 5. Second level gauge; 6. First level gauge; 7. Drive component. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hopper, comprising: a hopper body 1; a screw 2 passing through the center line inside the hopper body 1, the first end of the screw 2 extending out of the top surface of the hopper body 1 and connected to a driving member 7, and the second end of the screw 2 extending out of the bottom discharge port 4 of the hopper body 1; The second end of the screw 2 is connected to an adjusting block 3, which is located inside the hopper body 1 and above the bottom discharge port 4 of the hopper body 1. When the driving component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate in the forward direction, the adjusting block 3 moves downward along the screw 2 under the drive of the screw 2. When it moves to the lowest position, the bottom of the adjusting block 3 abuts and seals with the discharge port 4. When the driving component 3 drives the screw 2 to rotate in the reverse direction, the adjusting block 3 moves upward along the screw 2 under the drive of the screw 2 and is located above the discharge port, and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4.

[0018] In this embodiment, the drive component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate, which causes the screw 2 to raise the adjusting block 3, creating a gap between the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4. The material falls through the gap along the outside of the adjusting block 3, and the falling material is in a ring shape, which can contain the dust generated during the falling process, prevent the dust from escaping, and suppress the dust. Meanwhile, by controlling the rotation speed of the screw 2, the distance between the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the flow rate of the material when it falls, meeting various material conveying needs, with good overall performance and strong practicality.

[0019] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the hopper body 1 includes a cylindrical first body and an inverted frustum-shaped second body. The first body and the second body are fixedly connected. The first end of the screw 2 extends out of the top surface of the first body, the second end of the screw 2 extends out of the second body, and the discharge port 4 is provided at the bottom of the second body.

[0020] In this embodiment, the second body is configured as an inverted frustum shape, with its inner diameter gradually increasing from bottom to top. Since the bottom diameter of the adjusting block 3 is constant, when the adjusting block 3 moves upward along the screw 2, the gap between the adjusting block 3 and the inner wall of the second body gradually increases, thereby increasing the discharge speed. When the adjusting block 3 moves downward along the screw 2, the gap between the adjusting block 3 and the inner wall of the second body gradually decreases, thereby reducing the discharge speed.

[0021] In this embodiment, preferably, the driving component 7 is a gear drive mechanism or a belt drive mechanism. When the driving component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate in the forward direction, the bottom of the adjusting block 3 can be located inside the discharge port 4 and seal the discharge port 4. When the driving component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate in the reverse direction, the adjusting block 3 is located above the discharge port 4, and there is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4. In use, the driving component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate, causing the screw 2 to drive the adjusting block 3 to rise, creating a gap between the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4. The material falls through the gap along the outside of the adjusting block 3, and the falling material is in a ring shape, which can contain the dust generated during the falling process, preventing dust from escaping and suppressing dust. At the same time, by adjusting the height of the adjusting block 3, the flow rate of the falling material can also be controlled, meeting various material conveying needs. The overall effect is good and the practicality is strong.

[0022] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a first level gauge 6 is provided at the first end of the sidewall of the cylindrical first body, and a second level gauge 5 is provided at the second end of the sidewall of the cylindrical first body. The first level gauge 6 and the second level gauge 5 are blade-type level gauges, and the rotating blades of the first level gauge 6 and the second level gauge 5 are located inside the first body of the hopper body 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, preferably, the first level gauge 6 is located at the upper third of the first body, and the second level gauge 5 is located at the lower third of the first body. The rotating fan blades located inside the hopper body 1 can monitor the material's state. When material becomes blocked, it stops falling inside the hopper body 1. At this time, the second level gauge 5 detects the signal and sends a prompt to the control system. The control system then controls the drive component 7 to move, raising the adjusting block 3 to clear the blockage and ensure efficient material conveying. When too much material enters the hopper body 1, it reaches the position of the first level gauge 6. At this time, the first level gauge 6 detects the signal and sends a prompt to the control system. The control system then controls the material conveying speed to prevent material from overflowing the hopper body 1.

[0024] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting block 3 is conical with its pointed end facing upwards, allowing the material falling from above to slide down the inclined sidewall of the adjusting block 3, preventing material accumulation and increasing the discharge speed.

[0025] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a rubber pad is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the adjusting block 3. The rubber pad enhances the sealing effect of the adjusting block 3 on the discharge port 4, preventing material spillage.

[0026] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the adjusting block 3 is equal in size to the bottom discharge port 4 of the hopper body 1, thereby sealing the discharge port 4.

[0027] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the drive component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate, causing the screw 2 to raise the adjusting block 3, creating a gap between the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4. Material falls through this gap along the outer side of the adjusting block 3 in a circular shape, effectively trapping dust generated during the falling process and preventing dust from escaping, thus suppressing dust emissions. By adjusting the height of the adjusting block 3, the flow rate of the falling material can be controlled, meeting various material conveying needs. The overall performance is good and the product is highly practical.

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for controlling the material feeding speed of a hopper, comprising: Obtain the material discharge speed from the hopper; Based on the feeding speed, the preset rotation speed of the drive screw 2 driven by the drive component 7 is determined; The control drive component 7 drives the screw 2 to rotate at a preset speed and in a preset direction, causing the adjusting block 3 to move upward along the screw 2 and be positioned above the discharge port 4, so that there is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4, and the material falls through the gap along the outside of the adjusting block 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, the material feeding speed is controlled by adjusting the rotational speed of the screw 2, thereby adjusting the gap between the adjusting block 3 and the discharge port 4. When the gap is large, the feeding speed is fast; when the gap is small, the feeding speed is slow.

[0030] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the preset rotation speed of the drive screw 2 driven by the drive component 7 based on the feeding speed includes: Based on the feeding speed, using the formula Determine the preset rotation speed of the drive screw 2 driven by the drive component 7, wherein For material feeding speed, For proportionality coefficient, This is the preset rotation speed of screw 2.

[0031] Among them, the proportionality coefficient The results were obtained from hopper simulation tests. On actual equipment, through several tests at different screw speeds, the corresponding actual feeding speeds were measured. Then, a curve showing the relationship between the feeding speed and the screw speed was fitted to determine the... value.

[0032] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: When the first signal is received from the second level gauge 5, the current feeding speed is reduced to the first target feeding speed, and the drive component 7 is controlled to drive the screw 2 to rotate in the opposite direction to the current movement direction, thereby raising or lowering the adjusting block 3.

[0033] The first target feeding speed is 5 kg / min, with a minimum value of 0. In this embodiment, the second level gauge sends a signal indicating that the hopper outlet may be blocked. At this time, the feeding speed is reduced to try to clear the outlet. If the blockage persists, the feeding speed is reduced to 0.

[0034] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: When the second signal is received from the first level gauge 6, the current feeding speed is reduced to the second target feeding speed, and the drive component 7 is controlled to drive the screw 2 to rotate in the opposite direction to the current movement direction, thereby raising or lowering the adjusting block 3.

[0035] The second target discharge speed is 100 kg / min, with a minimum value of 0. In this embodiment, the first level gauge sends a signal indicating that the hopper feed speed is greater than the discharge speed, and the hopper is nearly full with a risk of overflow. At this time, the discharge speed is controlled at the more stable second target discharge speed, while the hopper feed speed is reduced, thereby controlling the material in the hopper to discharge as quickly as possible.

[0036] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hopper, characterized in that, include: Hopper body (1); A screw (2) runs through the center line inside the hopper body (1). The first end of the screw (2) extends out of the top surface of the hopper body (1) and is connected to the drive unit (7). The second end of the screw (2) extends out of the bottom outlet (4) of the hopper body (1). The second end of the screw (2) is connected to an adjusting block (3). The adjusting block (3) is located inside the hopper body (1) and above the bottom discharge port (4) of the hopper body (1). When the driving member (7) drives the screw (2) to rotate in the forward direction, the adjusting block (3) moves downward along the screw (2) under the drive of the screw (2). When it moves to the lowest position, the bottom of the adjusting block (3) abuts and seals with the discharge port (4). When the driving member (3) drives the screw (2) to rotate in the reverse direction, the adjusting block (3) moves upward along the screw (2) under the drive of the screw (2) and is located above the discharge port. There is a gap between the bottom of the adjusting block (3) and the discharge port (4).

2. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hopper body (1) includes a cylindrical first body and an inverted frustum-shaped second body. The first body and the second body are fixedly connected. The first end of the screw (2) extends out of the top surface of the first body, and the second end of the screw (2) extends out of the second body. The discharge port (4) is provided at the bottom of the second body.

3. The hopper according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first level gauge (6) is provided at the first end of the side wall of the cylindrical first body, and the first level gauge (6) is located at the upper third of the hopper body (1); a second level gauge (5) is provided at the second end of the side wall of the cylindrical first body, and the second level gauge (5) is located at the lower third of the hopper body (1).

4. The hopper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first level gauge (6) and the second level gauge (5) are blade-type level gauges, and the rotating blades of the first level gauge (6) and the second level gauge (5) are located inside the first body of the hopper body (1).

5. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting block (3) is conical.

6. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the adjusting block (3) is the same size as the bottom outlet (4) of the hopper body (1).

7. A method for controlling the material feeding speed of a hopper, characterized in that, The hopper is the hopper as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the method includes: Obtain the material discharge speed from the hopper; Based on the feeding speed, determine the preset rotation speed of the drive screw (2) driven by the drive component (7); The control drive component (7) drives the screw (2) to rotate at a preset rotation speed and in a preset rotation direction, causing the adjustment block (3) to move upward along the screw (2) and be positioned above the discharge port (4), so that there is a gap between the bottom of the adjustment block (3) and the discharge port (4), and the material falls from the gap along the outside of the adjustment block (3).

8. The method for controlling the material feeding speed of the hopper according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the feeding speed, the preset rotation speed of the drive screw (2) of the drive component (7) is determined, including: Based on the feeding speed, using the formula Determine the preset rotation speed of the drive screw (2) driven by the drive component (7), wherein For material feeding speed, For proportionality coefficient, The preset rotation speed of the screw (2) is given.

9. The method for controlling the material feeding speed of the hopper according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: When the first signal is received from the second level gauge (5), the current feeding speed is reduced to the first target feeding speed, and the drive component (7) is controlled to drive the screw (2) to rotate in the opposite direction to the current movement direction, thereby causing the adjusting block (3) to rise or fall.

10. The method for controlling the material feeding speed of the hopper according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: When the second signal is received from the first level gauge (6), the current feeding speed is reduced to the second target feeding speed, and the drive component (7) is controlled to drive the screw (2) to rotate in the opposite direction to the current movement direction, thereby causing the adjusting block (3) to rise or fall.

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