Plant source soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer

Abstract

The application discloses a plant-source soybean meal organic-matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer, which adopts modified plant-source soybean meal organic-matter compound functional microbial flora, and is matched with ecological slow-release additives to construct a compound fertilizer system; the application improves the activity of organic matter by low-temperature enzymatic modification of soybean meal, adapts the survival environment of the flora, and realizes the slow release of nutrients in stages through the cooperation of multiple strains, so that the quick-acting fertilizer supply of crops in the seedling stage is ensured, the long-term nutrient demand in the middle and later stages is met, and the soil aggregate structure can be continuously repaired and the soil microbial activity can be improved. The fertilizer is green and residue-free, has strong ecological adaptability, has a simple and controllable preparation process, is suitable for the planting of various crops and economic crops, and has extremely high popularization and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological organic fertilizer technology, specifically relating to a plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing conventional soybean meal-based microbial compound fertilizers suffer from several core technical problems in practical applications, including a severe mismatch between nutrient release cycles and crop growth cycles, low microbial survival rates, and poor soil improvement sustainability. Specifically: First, traditional soybean meal is unmodified, resulting in uncontrollable degradation rates of macromolecular organic matter. After fermentation, nutrients are released rapidly and in a concentrated manner, easily leading to nutrient overload and seedling burn during the seedling stage, followed by rapid nutrient depletion in the later stages of growth. This fails to meet the nutritional needs of crops throughout their entire growth cycle, resulting in a fertilizer utilization rate of less than 35%. Second, in conventional compounding methods, the microbial community is directly mixed with the original soybean meal, which contains... Some anti-nutritional factors and macromolecular impurities can inhibit microbial activity. Meanwhile, the dense pore structure of ordinary organic matter carriers results in poor air permeability and water retention, leading to a survival rate of less than 20% for microbial colonization. The rapid failure of microbial metabolic functions prevents them from sustainably improving soil and transforming nutrients. Thirdly, existing fertilizer systems lack a directional, slow-release ecological structure. After a single application, soil organic matter renewal is slow, microbial community iteration activity is low, and the soil aggregate structure repair effect is short-lived. A single application can only maintain the improvement effect for 1-2 months, resulting in extremely poor soil improvement sustainability and requiring frequent topdressing, significantly increasing planting and labor costs. These existing technical problems lead to short-term effectiveness, poor stability, and weak ecological improvement capabilities in current soybean meal microbial fertilizers, greatly limiting their promotion and application in large-scale ecological planting, necessitating further improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer and its preparation method. This invention solves the core technical problems of existing fertilizers, such as the mismatch between nutrient release cycle and crop growth cycle, low microbial survival rate, and poor soil improvement sustainability. It achieves phased slow release of fertilizer nutrients, high survival and colonization of microbial communities, and long-term ecological improvement of soil, thereby improving fertilizer utilization and ecological adaptability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer, by mass percentage, comprises the following components: 60-70% modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, 3-5% compound functional microbial flora, 8-12% ecological slow-release adjuvant, 5-8% micronutrient regulator, 4-6% plant-derived growth promoter, and the remainder being carrier excipients, with the total mass percentage of each component being 100%; the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is low-temperature compound enzymatic hydrolysis modified defatted soybean meal, used to remove anti-nutritional factors from soybean meal and construct a porous and loose carrier structure; the ecological slow-release adjuvant forms a three-dimensional network slow-release system, synergistically working with the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter and the compound functional microbial flora.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is prepared by the following method, comprising: pulverizing defatted soybean meal through an 80-100 mesh sieve, adjusting the material-to-liquid ratio to 1:3-1:4, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.0, adding 0.8-1.2% of a compound enzyme preparation by weight of soybean meal, enzymatically hydrolyzing at 45-50°C for 4-6 hours, and drying at low temperature to a moisture content of 8-10%; wherein the compound enzyme preparation is a mixture of protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite functional microbial community is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Trichoderma harzianum in a ratio of 3:2:2:1 for effective viable bacteria, and the effective viable bacteria count in the fertilizer is ≥800 million / g.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ecological slow-release adjuvant is composed of potassium humate, sodium alginate, and corn starch crosslinker in a mass ratio of 2:1:1, and is used to achieve gradient slow release of fertilizer nutrients.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trace element regulator is prepared by mixing chelated calcium, chelated magnesium, ferrous sulfate and boric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:1.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant-derived growth promoter is a compound mixture of rapeseed meal extract, tea saponin, and brassinolide, used to promote crop root development and enhance crop stress resistance.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carrier additive is made by mixing diatomaceous earth and bentonite in a mass ratio of 1:1, which is used to optimize the pore structure of fertilizer and improve the colonization stability of microbial communities.

[0012] A method for preparing the above-mentioned plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer includes the following steps: Step S1, raw material pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the ratio, mix the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, ecological slow-release agent, trace element regulator, and carrier auxiliary material, and stir for 20-30 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed base material; Step S2, gradient sterilization: The mixed base material is subjected to segmented gradient sterilization to kill miscellaneous bacteria while retaining the activity of organic matter; Step S3, Low-temperature inoculation and fermentation: Cool the sterilized substrate to 30-35℃, spray with compound functional microbial community and plant-derived growth promoter, stir evenly, and ferment at a constant temperature in the dark for 24-36 hours; Step S4, Low-temperature granulation: The fermented material is granulated at ≤40℃, with a particle size controlled at 3-5mm, and then air-dried at low temperature until the moisture content is ≤12%; Step S5, screening and packaging: Screen the uniform particles, and after passing the inspection, seal and package them to obtain the finished fertilizer.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S2, the gradient sterilization specifically includes: a first stage of constant temperature sterilization at 60°C for 15 minutes, and a second stage of constant temperature sterilization at 70°C for 10 minutes, with the entire process using a moist heat and low pressure sterilization method.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 28-32°C, the fermentation environment humidity is controlled at 55-65%, and the fermentation is carried out in a dark and sealed manner to ensure the stable reproduction and metabolism of the microbial community.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Precisely solve core technical problems and achieve precise matching of nutrient cycle: This invention uses low-temperature compound enzymatic hydrolysis modified soybean meal to directionally degrade anti-nutritional factors and decompose macromolecular proteins and polysaccharides into slow-release peptides and amino acid small molecule intermediates. Combined with a multi-layer slow-release adjuvant system, it achieves a gradient release effect of rapid fertilizer supply in the seedling stage and long-term fertilizer release in the middle and late stages, which fully matches the growth needs of crops throughout the entire growth period. The fertilizer nutrient utilization rate is increased to more than 75%, which completely solves the problem of imbalance in the nutrient release cycle of traditional fertilizers.

[0016] 2. Significantly improves the survival rate and colonization stability of microbial communities: The modified soybean meal forms a porous and loose microporous structure, providing an ecological carrier for microbial communities to inhabit and reproduce. At the same time, it removes anti-nutritional factors from soybean meal and eliminates microbial community inhibitory factors. Multiple microbial species synergistically adapt and coexist, increasing the colonization survival rate of microbial communities to over 85%. The activity of microbial communities remains stable during the fertilizer storage period, with an effective period of over 12 months, which is far superior to existing products.

[0017] 3. Achieve long-term ecological improvement of soil with significant sustainability: The fertilizer of this invention can continuously optimize the soil aggregate structure, improve soil permeability, water and fertilizer retention capacity, and functional microorganisms continuously metabolize and secrete organic acids, biological enzymes and other active substances, continuously activate soil to fix nutrients, inhibit soil-borne diseases, and the soil improvement effect of a single fertilization can last for 6 to 8 months, greatly reducing the number of topdressings and reducing planting costs.

[0018] 4. Green, safe, and widely adaptable: All raw materials are plant-based, ecologically harmless, free of heavy metals, chemical residues, and antibiotics. They are suitable for various crops such as grains, vegetables, fruit trees, and Chinese medicinal herbs, and can effectively improve the yield and quality of agricultural products, meeting the requirements of green development in ecological agriculture.

[0019] 5. Simple and controllable process, suitable for large-scale production: The preparation process of this invention does not require high temperature and high pressure equipment. The low temperature treatment process retains the active components throughout the process. It is simple to operate, has low energy consumption, and a high product qualification rate. It is suitable for large-scale industrial production and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the component ratio of a plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer, as provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The diagram shows a comparison of the micropore structure of the modified soybean meal of this invention and ordinary soybean meal. a represents the micropore structure of ordinary soybean meal, and b represents the micropore structure of the modified soybean meal of this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a curve comparing the nutrient release cycle of the fertilizer of this invention with that of existing conventional fertilizers.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the trend of soil microbial community survival rate over time after application of the fertilizer of this invention and existing fertilizers.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a bar chart comparing the soil improvement sustainability of the fertilizer of this invention with that of conventional fertilizers. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer, which, by mass percentage, comprises the following components: 60-70% modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, 3-5% compound functional microbial community, 8-12% ecological slow-release adjuvant, 5-8% micronutrient regulator, 4-6% plant-derived growth promoter, and the remainder is carrier excipients, with the total mass percentage of each component being 100%. The modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is low-temperature compound enzymatic hydrolysis modified defatted soybean meal, used to remove anti-nutritional factors from soybean meal and construct a porous and loose carrier structure. The ecological slow-release adjuvant forms a three-dimensional network slow-release system, which works synergistically with the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter and the compound functional microbial community to solve the technical problems of existing soybean meal microbial fertilizers, such as the mismatch between nutrient release cycle and crop growth cycle, low survival rate of microbial community, and poor sustainability of soil improvement.

[0029] The modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is prepared by the following method: defatted soybean meal is pulverized through an 80-100 mesh sieve, the material-to-liquid ratio is adjusted to 1:3-1:4, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5-7.0, 0.8-1.2% of a compound enzyme preparation by weight of soybean meal is added, enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out at 45-50℃ for 4-6 hours, and the mixture is dried at low temperature to a moisture content of 8-10%; the compound enzyme preparation is a mixture of protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0030] The compound functional microbial community is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Trichoderma harzianum in a ratio of 3:2:2:1 for effective viable bacteria, with an effective viable bacteria count of ≥800 million / g in the fertilizer.

[0031] The ecological slow-release adjuvant is a compound of potassium humate, sodium alginate, and corn starch crosslinker in a mass ratio of 2:1:1, used to achieve gradient slow release of fertilizer nutrients.

[0032] The micronutrient regulator is a mixture of chelated calcium, chelated magnesium, ferrous sulfate, and boric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:1.

[0033] Plant-derived growth promoters are a compound mixture of rapeseed meal extract, tea saponin, and brassinolide, used to promote crop root development and enhance crop stress resistance.

[0034] The carrier additive is made by mixing diatomaceous earth and bentonite in a 1:1 mass ratio, which is used to optimize the pore structure of fertilizer and improve the stability of microbial colonization.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing a plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps: Step S1, raw material pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the ratio, mix the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, ecological slow-release agent, trace element regulator, and carrier auxiliary material, and stir for 20-30 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed base material; Step S2, gradient sterilization: The mixed base material is subjected to segmented gradient sterilization to kill miscellaneous bacteria while retaining the activity of organic matter; Step S3, Low-temperature inoculation and fermentation: Cool the sterilized substrate to 30-35℃, spray with compound functional microbial community and plant-derived growth promoter, stir evenly, and ferment at a constant temperature in the dark for 24-36 hours; Step S4, Low-temperature granulation: The fermented material is granulated at ≤40℃, with a particle size controlled at 3-5mm, and then air-dried at low temperature until the moisture content is ≤12%; Step S5, screening and packaging: Screen the uniform particles, and after passing the inspection, seal and package them to obtain the finished fertilizer.

[0036] In step S2, the gradient sterilization specifically involves: a first stage of sterilization at 60℃ for 15 minutes, followed by a second stage of sterilization at 70℃ for 10 minutes, using a moist heat and low pressure sterilization method throughout. In step S3, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 28–32℃, the fermentation environment humidity is controlled at 55–65%, and the entire process is carried out in a dark and sealed environment to ensure the stable reproduction and metabolism of the microbial community.

[0037] Example 1: Modified plant-derived soybean meal, 65% organic matter, 4% complex functional microbial flora, 10% ecological slow-release adjuvant, 6% micronutrient regulator, 5% plant-derived growth promoter, and 10% carrier excipient. This formulation represents the optimal synergistic ratio. Further details are provided below. Figures 3-6 All comparative test data were obtained based on tests of the finished fertilizer prepared in Example 1.

[0038] Example 2: Modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter 60%, compound functional microbial community 5%, ecological slow-release adjuvant 12%, trace element regulator 8%, plant-derived growth promoter 6%, carrier excipient 9%. This example is suitable for high fertility activation and soil remediation scenarios with severe continuous cropping obstacles.

[0039] Example 3: Modified plant-derived soybean meal with 70% organic matter, 3% compound functional microbial flora, 8% ecological slow-release adjuvant, 5% micronutrient regulator, 4% plant-derived growth promoter, and 10% carrier excipient. This example is suitable for routine quality improvement and yield enhancement fertilization in conventional farmland and lightweight soil.

[0040] Modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is the core carrier of this invention, and corresponding appendices are attached. Figure 2 The microstructure characteristics were compared, and the preparation method was as follows: Defatted refined soybean meal was selected as raw material, pulverized, and passed through an 80-100 mesh standard sieve to remove large particle impurities; deionized water was added at a material-to-liquid mass-to-volume ratio of 1:3 to 1:4 and mixed evenly; the pH of the system was adjusted to 6.5-7.0 using a weak acid-base regulator to suit the optimal reaction environment of the compound enzyme; 0.8-1.2% of the dry weight of the soybean meal was added to the compound enzyme preparation, which was composed of protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 2:1; enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at a low temperature of 45-50℃ for 4-6 hours. Through a mild enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors and lectins inside the soybean meal were directionally degraded, and the long-chain structures of large protein molecules and crude fiber were broken; after enzymatic hydrolysis, a low-temperature hot air drying process was used to control the final moisture content of the material to 8-10%, resulting in loose, porous, inhibitor-free, and highly active modified soybean meal organic matter. (See attached image) Figure 2 As shown, the Figure 2 The modification process of medium-β can completely change Figure 2 The dense and compacted microstructure of traditional soybean meal is transformed into a hierarchical, interconnected three-dimensional porous structure, providing a unique ecological site for microbial colonization.

[0041] The compound functional microbial community is scientifically formulated with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Trichoderma harzianum in a 3:2:2:1 ratio of effective viable bacteria. There is no antagonism among the strains, and they exhibit strong symbiotic compatibility. The effective viable bacteria count in the finished fertilizer is ≥800 million / g, far exceeding the national standard for microbial fertilizers. (Combined with...) Figure 5 The microbial community survival stability test showed that this compound microbial community, combined with the modified soybean meal porous carrier structure, can achieve long-term stable colonization, avoiding the defect of rapid apoptosis of traditional fertilizer microbial communities. Among them, Bacillus subtilis mainly inhibits soil bacteria and activates phosphorus and potassium nutrients; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens degrades macromolecular organic matter; Lactobacillus plantarum regulates soil pH and optimizes microecology; Trichoderma harzianum inhibits soil-borne fungal diseases, and the synergistic effect of multiple microbial species achieves all-dimensional soil ecological regulation.

[0042] The ecological slow-release adjuvant is formulated by compounding potassium humate, sodium alginate, and corn starch crosslinking agent in a mass ratio of 2:1:1. It can form a stable three-dimensional network coating slow-release structure inside fertilizer granules, corresponding to the attached... Figure 4 Nutrient gradient slow-release feature. This structure can controllably encapsulate small molecule peptides, amino acids, and soluble nutrients produced by enzymatic hydrolysis, avoiding the initial burst release of nutrients and enabling precise phased fertilization during the seedling, vigorous growth, and maturity stages of crops. This completely solves the core technical problem of the mismatch between the nutrient release cycle of traditional fertilizers and the crop growth cycle.

[0043] The micronutrient regulator is composed of chelated calcium, chelated magnesium, ferrous sulfate, and boric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:1. All micronutrients are in chelated form, which avoids soil solidification and failure. It can continuously supplement crops with essential micronutrients and prevent physiological diseases such as yellowing, small leaves, and premature aging. It also has a slow-release system to achieve long-term supply of micronutrients.

[0044] The plant-derived growth promoter is a compound mixture of rapeseed meal extract, tea saponin, and brassinolide, all of which are plant-derived active substances, non-toxic and residue-free. It can effectively stimulate crop root differentiation, enhance root vitality, and strengthen crops' resistance to drought, waterlogging, and continuous cropping obstacles. At the same time, it can help optimize fertilizer particle dispersibility and further improve the stability of the microbial community's living environment.

[0045] The carrier additive is a uniform mixture of diatomaceous earth and bentonite in a 1:1 mass ratio, possessing extremely strong adsorption and pore-reinforcing properties, which can further optimize the attachment. Figure 3 The microporous structure of the fertilizer shown locks in moisture and nutrients, buffers the impact of external temperature and humidity changes on microorganisms, and greatly improves the stability of microbial colonization and the storage shelf life of the fertilizer.

[0046] This invention is based on Figure 2 The complete preparation process employs an innovative technique involving low-temperature treatment throughout, segmented processing, and inoculation with live bacteria. This avoids the drawbacks of traditional high-temperature processes that inactivate bacteria and destroy the activity of organic matter. The specific preparation steps are as follows: Step S1, raw material pretreatment: Weigh each solid raw material precisely according to the proportions in Example 1, and put the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, ecological slow-release agent, trace element regulator, and carrier auxiliary material into a closed mixing tank. Stir at room temperature and speed for 20-30 minutes to ensure that the materials are mixed evenly and to construct a basic porous slow-release composite matrix.

[0047] Step S2, Gradient Low-Pressure Moist Heat Sterilization: A segmented gradient low-temperature sterilization process is adopted. The first stage is sterilization at 60℃ for 15 minutes, and the second stage is sterilization at 70℃ for 10 minutes. This process can thoroughly kill miscellaneous bacteria, molds, and harmful insect eggs in the raw materials, while completely preserving the organic matter activity and pore structure of the modified soybean meal, without damaging the attached... Figure 2 The microporous system shown in Figure b provides a pure and pollution-free carrier environment for subsequent microbial growth.

[0048] Step S3, Low-Temperature Inoculation and Sealed Fermentation: The sterilized mixed substrate is naturally cooled to 30-35℃ to completely avoid the risk of high-temperature sterilization; the compound functional microbial community and plant-derived growth promoters are precisely atomized and sprayed, mixed at low speed, and then placed in a light-proof, sealed environment at 28-32℃ and 55-65% humidity for 24-36 hours of fermentation. This mild fermentation environment ensures that microorganisms quickly attach to and colonize the porous structure of the modified soybean meal, achieving optimal inoculation and reproduction. Figure 4The core process ensures a high survival rate of bacterial colonies.

[0049] Step S4, Low-temperature slow-release granulation: The fermented mature material is fed into a low-temperature granulation device. The granulation temperature is strictly controlled at ≤40℃ throughout the process to prepare uniform particles with a particle size of 3-5mm, so as to retain the activity of the microbial community and the integrity of the slow-release structure to the greatest extent. After granulation, the material is air-dried at low temperature to control the moisture content of the finished product to ≤12% to prevent the particles from caking and the microbial community from becoming moldy and inactive.

[0050] Step S5, Screening and Sealing Packaging: The finished product granules with uniform particle size are screened through multi-stage screening equipment. Key indicators such as the number of effective live bacteria, organic matter content, moisture content, and slow-release performance of the finished product are strictly tested. After passing the test, the product is vacuum sealed and packaged to prevent contamination by miscellaneous bacteria and inactivation of the microbial community during storage and transportation, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the fertilizer.

[0051] To directly verify the advantages of the modified structure, slow-release performance, microbial community stability, and long-term soil improvement of this invention, a standardized field control experiment was set up. The experimental soil was acidified, compacted, and degraded soil from three consecutive years of vegetable cultivation. The test crop was Chinese cabbage, with a full growth period of 45 days. The water, fertilizer, light, and management conditions were completely identical in all groups. The experimental group used the fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of this invention, while the control group used commercially available conventional soybean meal-based microbial organic fertilizer. The specific experimental analysis is as follows: 1. Validation of microstructure of the carrier and nutrient slow-release performance (see corresponding appendix) Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 ): As attached Figure 3 The microstructure comparison shows that the control group's ordinary soybean meal raw material has a dense structure with few pores and contains a large number of anti-nutritional factors, which cannot provide habitat sites for microorganisms, and the nutrients are concentrated and encapsulated within the macromolecular structure, making their release uncontrollable. The modified soybean meal of this invention exhibits a uniform three-dimensional porous interconnected structure, with complete degradation of anti-nutritional factors, and combines nutrient adsorption and storage with microbial colonization functions. (See attached diagram.) Figure 4 Nutrient release curves show that the control group fertilizer experienced a concentrated burst of nutrient release during the seedling stage (0-15 days), with a cumulative release rate as high as 68%, which could easily lead to seedling burn and waste. In the mid-to-late stages (15-45 days), nutrient release was depleted, failing to support the later growth of the crop. The fertilizer of this invention, relying on a porous slow-release structure and a network adjuvant system, achieves gradient and balanced nutrient release: a release rate of 32% during the seedling stage (0-15 days), 68% during the vigorous growth stage (15-30 days), and 82% during the maturity stage (30-45 days), matching the nutritional needs of the crop throughout its entire growth period and completely solving the core technical problem of mismatched nutrient release cycles.

[0052] 2. Validation of the survival stability of the microbial community (see corresponding appendix) Figure 5 Appendix Figure 4The results of microbial survival trend analysis showed that the conventional fertilizer in the control group had extremely weak microbial colonization ability due to poor carrier structure and the presence of antibacterial factors. The survival rate of the microbial community was only 18% after 2 months of fertilization, and it was almost completely inactive after 4 months. In contrast, the modified porous carrier of this invention can protect the microbial community in all aspects and provide a stable ecological environment for the continuous reproduction and metabolism of the microbial community. The survival rate of the microbial community was 88% after 2 months of fertilization, 82% after 4 months, 75% after 6 months, and still maintained a high activity survival rate of 68% after 8 months. The long-term stability of the microbial community far exceeds that of existing technologies, and fundamentally solves the technical defects of low survival rate and rapid activity loss of microorganisms.

[0053] 3. Verification of the sustainability of long-term soil improvement (see corresponding appendix) Figure 6 ): By appendix Figure 6 A comparison of soil improvement duration shows that conventional fertilizers in the control group can only maintain soil improvement for 1.5 months with a single application, and the increase in soil organic matter is only 0.32%. The improvement effect is short-lived and easily rebounds. The fertilizer of this invention relies on a long-lasting colonizing microbial community and a slow-release organic matter system. The effective soil improvement duration of a single application can reach 7 months, which is more than 4 times that of traditional fertilizers. The soil organic matter content increases by 0.85%, which can sustainably repair soil aggregate structure, alleviate soil acidification and compaction, and completely solve the core problem of poor sustainability of soil improvement by traditional fertilizers.

[0054] 4. Effects on crop yield and quality improvement: Based on the above structural and functional advantages, the yield of the control group of Chinese cabbage increased by only 12.3% per mu, and the crop had problems such as nitrate accumulation and poor taste; the experimental group of this invention increased the yield by 28.6% per mu, reduced the nitrate content of the crop by 31.2%, and increased the soluble sugar content by 22.5%, significantly improving crop yield and commercial quality, and achieving the three-in-one technical effect of soil nourishment, yield increase and quality improvement.

[0055] This invention focuses on the core technical problems of existing soybean meal microbial fertilizers. Through the innovative combination of low-temperature enzymatic hydrolysis modification of soybean meal, a multi-strain synergistic compound system, and a three-dimensional network ecological slow-release structure, it constructs a novel plant-derived organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer system. This invention overcomes the technical bottlenecks of traditional fertilizers, such as nutrient release imbalance, low microbial survival rate, and short-lived improvement effects. It achieves multiple technological breakthroughs, including full-cycle nutrient adaptation, high microbial survival and colonization, and long-term ecological improvement of the soil. The technical solution demonstrates stable implementation results and possesses strong practicality and industrialization promotion value. Furthermore, the raw materials used in this invention are green and environmentally friendly, the preparation process is simple and efficient, and the product has wide applicability. It can be widely applied to various ecological planting scenarios, effectively improving fertilizer utilization, soil ecology, and agricultural product quality. This aligns with the core needs of modern agriculture's green and sustainable development, and possesses extremely high industrialization promotion value and market application prospects.

[0056] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by mass percentage: 60-70% modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, 3-5% compound functional microbial flora, 8-12% ecological slow-release adjuvant, 5-8% micronutrient regulator, 4-6% plant-derived growth promoter, and the remainder being carrier excipients, with the total mass percentage of each component being 100%. The modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is low-temperature compound enzymatically modified defatted soybean meal, used to remove anti-nutritional factors from soybean meal and construct a porous and loose carrier structure. The ecological slow-release adjuvant forms a three-dimensional network slow-release system, which works synergistically with the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter and the compound functional microbial flora.

2. The plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter is prepared by the following method: defatted soybean meal is pulverized and passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve, the material-to-liquid ratio is adjusted to 1:3-1:4, the pH value is adjusted to 6.5-7.0, 0.8-1.2% of a compound enzyme preparation by weight of soybean meal is added, enzymatic hydrolysis is performed at 45-50℃ for 4-6 hours, and the mixture is dried at low temperature to a moisture content of 8-10%; the compound enzyme preparation is a mixture of protease and cellulase at a mass ratio of 2:

1.

3. The plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite functional microbial community is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Trichoderma harzianum in a ratio of 3:2:2:1 for effective viable bacteria, with an effective viable bacteria count of ≥800 million / g in the fertilizer.

4. The plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological slow-release adjuvant is a compound of potassium humate, sodium alginate, and corn starch crosslinker in a mass ratio of 2:1:1, used to achieve gradient slow release of fertilizer nutrients.

5. The plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micronutrient regulator is a mixture of chelated calcium, chelated magnesium, ferrous sulfate, and boric acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:

1.

6. The plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant-derived growth promoter is a compound mixture of rapeseed meal extract, tea saponin, and brassinolide, used to promote crop root development and enhance crop stress resistance.

7. The plant-derived soybean meal organic matter microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carrier additive is made by mixing diatomaceous earth and bentonite in a mass ratio of 1:1, which is used to optimize the pore structure of fertilizer and improve the stability of microbial colonization.

8. A method for preparing a plant-derived soybean meal organic microbial ecological compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, raw material pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the ratio, mix the modified plant-derived soybean meal organic matter, ecological slow-release agent, trace element regulator, and carrier additive, and stir for 20-30 minutes to obtain a uniform mixed base material; Step S2, gradient sterilization: The mixed base material is subjected to segmented gradient sterilization to kill miscellaneous bacteria while retaining the activity of organic matter; Step S3, Low-temperature inoculation and fermentation: Cool the sterilized substrate to 30-35℃, spray with compound functional microbial community and plant-derived growth promoter, stir evenly, and ferment at a constant temperature in the dark for 24-36 hours; Step S4, Low-temperature granulation: The fermented material is granulated at ≤40℃, with a particle size controlled at 3-5mm, and then air-dried at low temperature until the moisture content is ≤12%; Step S5, screening and packaging: Screen the uniform particles, and after passing the inspection, seal and package them to obtain the finished fertilizer.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the gradient sterilization is specifically as follows: the first stage is constant temperature sterilization at 60℃ for 15 minutes, and the second stage is constant temperature sterilization at 70℃ for 10 minutes. The entire process adopts moist heat and low pressure sterilization.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 28-32℃, the fermentation environment humidity is controlled at 55-65%, and the fermentation is carried out in a dark and sealed environment to ensure the stable reproduction and metabolism of the microbial community.

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