Ionic liquid and lubricating oil

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of lubricating oil additives, in particular to an ionic liquid and lubricating oil. The application provides an ionic liquid, the ionic liquid contains active elements N, P or S and a large amount of O elements, and the oxygen elements exist in the form of polyether bonds; the active elements can be adsorbed on a metal surface or can occur in a tribochemical reaction with the metal surface, so that the effect of friction reduction and wear resistance is realized. The ionic liquid can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear volume of base oil under the condition of a small addition amount, and has excellent friction reduction and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricant additives, and more particularly to an ionic liquid and a lubricant. Background Technology

[0002] The application of ionic liquids as lubricants and lubricant additives has been extensively studied. Especially since 2012, with the first report of a quaternary phosphorus-type ionic liquid soluble in non-polar hydrocarbon oils, research on ionic liquids as lubricant additives has garnered widespread attention from researchers. Currently, although various oil-soluble ionic liquids with excellent properties have been reported, existing ionic liquids often require an addition amount greater than 1% to effectively reduce the lubricating performance of base oils. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an ionic liquid and a lubricating oil, wherein the ionic liquid can effectively reduce the lubricating performance of the base oil even when added in a small amount.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an ionic liquid comprising quaternary ammonium polyether cations and anions; The quaternary ammonium polyether cation has the structure shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; In Formula 1, R is an alkyl group; m ranges from 1 to 3; and n ranges from 6 to 20.

[0005] Preferably, R is C 10 H 21 C 12 H 25 C 14 H 29 C 16 H 33 C 18 H 37 Or C 20 H 41 .

[0006] Preferably, R is C 12 H 25 C 14 H 29 C 16 H 33 Or C 18 H 37 .

[0007] Preferably, m is 1 or 2.

[0008] Preferably, the value of n is in the range of 10 to 16.

[0009] Preferably, the anion is a carboxylate anion, an organophosphate anion, or an organosulfonate anion.

[0010] Preferably, the carboxylate group includes hexanoate, octanoate, isooctanoate, nonanoate, decanoate, or dodecylate. The organophosphate anions include dihexyl phosphate anion, dioctyl phosphate anion, diisooctyl phosphate anion, or dilaurate phosphate anion; The organic sulfonate anions include dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid anion, dodecylsulfonic acid anion, or di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid anion.

[0011] The present invention also provides a lubricating oil comprising a base oil and additives; The additive is the ionic liquid described in the above technical solution.

[0012] Preferably, the base oil includes A51, NP451, PAO2, PAO4, PAO10, 150N, 150SN, 150BS, Yubase6, 500N, or 500SN.

[0013] Preferably, the additive has a mass percentage content of 0.2-10% in the lubricating oil.

[0014] This invention provides an ionic liquid comprising quaternary ammonium polyether cations and anions; The quaternary ammonium polyether cation has the structure shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; In Formula 1, R is an alkyl group; m ranges from 1 to 3; and n ranges from 6 to 20.

[0015] The ionic liquid described in this invention can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear volume of base oil even with a small addition amount, exhibiting excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear effects. This superior effect is mainly due to the presence of active elements N, P, or S, as well as a large amount of O in the ionic liquid. Furthermore, the oxygen element exists in the form of polyether bonds, which both increases the oxygen content in the molecular structure and reduces the polarity of the ionic liquid molecules, thus ensuring that the prepared ionic liquid can dissolve well in non-polar hydrocarbon oils. The active elements in the prepared ionic liquid can be adsorbed onto metal surfaces or undergo tribochemical reactions with metal surfaces, thereby achieving the friction-reducing and anti-wear effects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1The friction curve of the lubricating oil prepared by adding the ionic liquid described in Example 4 at a dosage of 0-2 wt% after a continuous test at a load of 200 N, a frequency of 25 Hz, and an amplitude of 1 mm for 30 min is shown. Figure 2 The friction curves of the lubricating oil prepared using the ionic liquids described in Examples 1-5 as additives after a continuous test at a load of 200 N, a frequency of 25 Hz, and an amplitude of 1 mm for 30 minutes are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This invention provides an ionic liquid comprising quaternary ammonium polyether cations and anions; The quaternary ammonium polyether cation has the structure shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; In Formula 1, R is an alkyl group; m ranges from 1 to 3; and n ranges from 6 to 20.

[0018] In this invention, R is preferably C. 10 H 21 C 12 H 25 C 14 H 29 C 16 H 33 C 18 H 37 Or C 20 H 41 C is preferred. 12 H 25 C 14 H 29 C 16 H 33 Or C 18 H 37 .

[0019] In this invention, m is preferably 1 or 2.

[0020] In this invention, the value of n is preferably 10 to 16, and more preferably 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16.

[0021] In this invention, the anion is preferably a carboxylate, an organophosphate anion, or an organosulfonate anion; the carboxylate preferably includes hexanoate, octanoate, isooctanoate, nonanoate, decanoate, or dodecylate, more preferably dodecylate; the organophosphate anion preferably includes dihexyl phosphate anion, dioctyl phosphate anion, diisooctyl phosphate anion, or dilaurate phosphate anion, more preferably diisooctyl phosphate anion; the organosulfonate anion preferably includes dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid anion, dodecyl sulfonic acid anion, or di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate anion, more preferably di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate anion.

[0022] In this invention, the structure of the dodecyl ion is shown in Formula a, the structure of the diisooctyl phosphate anion is shown in Formula b, and the structure of the di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate acid is shown in Formula c. Formula a Formula b Formula c.

[0023] In this invention, the method for preparing the ionic liquid preferably includes the following steps: The initiator, catalyst and epoxide are mixed and subjected to bulk polymerization to obtain poly(1,2-butanediol ether). The poly(1,2-butanediol ether), haloalkane and organic solvent are mixed and subjected to a quaternization reaction to obtain a quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid. The quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid, organic acid, sodium hydroxide, and water are mixed and subjected to an ion exchange reaction to obtain the ionic liquid.

[0024] The present invention mixes an initiator, a catalyst and epoxide butane to carry out a bulk polymerization reaction to obtain poly(1,2-butanediol ether).

[0025] In this invention, the initiator preferably includes N,N-dimethylethanolamine and / or dimethylaminoethoxyethanol; when the initiator is N,N-dimethylethanolamine and dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, this invention does not impose any special limitation on the ratio of N,N-dimethylethanolamine and dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, and they can be mixed in any ratio. In this invention, the catalyst preferably comprises sodium hydroxide.

[0026] In this invention, the molar ratio of the initiator, catalyst and epoxide is preferably 1:1:(4~30), more preferably 1:1:4, 1:1:6, 1:1:8, 1:1:12, 1:1:16, 1:1:20, 1:1:24, 1:1:28 or 1:1:30.

[0027] In this invention, the mixing is preferably carried out in a protective atmosphere, preferably a nitrogen atmosphere. In this invention, before mixing, the mixture is preferably subjected to sequential dehydration and drying, followed by three replacements of air with a protective gas.

[0028] In this invention, the mixing process is preferably carried out by mixing the initiator and the catalyst, followed by the addition of epoxide.

[0029] In this invention, the temperature of the bulk polymerization reaction is preferably 50~90℃, more preferably 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃ or 90℃; the time of the bulk polymerization reaction is preferably 12~72h, more preferably 12h, 18h, 24h, 30h, 36h, 42h, 48h, 54h, 60h, 66h or 72h.

[0030] After the bulk polymerization reaction is completed, the present invention preferably includes sequentially performing the following steps: terminating the bulk polymerization reaction, removing the solvent, adjusting the pH value, separating the liquids, and drying. In the present invention, the termination of the bulk polymerization reaction is preferably performed by adding methanol or ethanol (more preferably methanol). In the present invention, after adding the methanol or ethanol, stirring is also preferably performed, and the stirring time is preferably 0.5-3 hours, more preferably 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, or 3 hours. In the present invention, the solvent removal is preferably carried out under reduced pressure; the present invention does not impose any special limitations on the solvent removal process, and any process well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, the acid solution used for adjusting the pH value is preferably a 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution; the pH value after pH adjustment is preferably 7. The present invention does not impose any special limitations on the liquid-liquid separation process, and any process well known to those skilled in the art can be used. The drying is preferably performed by drying the organic phase obtained after liquid-liquid separation; the present invention does not impose any special limitations on the drying process, and any process well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0031] In this invention, the structural formula of the poly(1,2-butanediol ether) is: .

[0032] After obtaining the poly(1,2-butanediol ether), the present invention mixes the poly(1,2-butanediol ether), haloalkanes and organic solvents to carry out a quaternization reaction to obtain a quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid.

[0033] In this invention, the haloalkanes preferably include bromoalkanes, iodoalkanes, or chloroalkanes; the bromoalkanes preferably include bromododecane, bromotetradecane, bromohexadecane, or bromooctadecane; the iodoalkanes preferably include iodododecane, iodotetradecane, iodohexadecane, or iodooctadecane; and the chloroalkanes preferably include chlorododecane, chlorotetradecane, chlorohexadecane, or chlorooctadecane.

[0034] In this invention, the organic solvent preferably includes one or more of acetonitrile, ethanol and ethyl acetate, more preferably acetonitrile; when the organic solvent is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, this invention does not impose any special limitation on the ratio of the above-mentioned specific substances, and they can be mixed in any ratio.

[0035] In this invention, the concentration of poly(1,2-butanediol ether) in the mixture obtained after mixing is preferably 0.01~1 mol / L, more preferably 0.01 mol / L, 0.2 mol / L, 0.4 mol / L, 0.6 mol / L, 0.8 mol / L or 1 mol / L.

[0036] In this invention, the molar ratio of poly(1,2-butanediol ether) to haloalkanes is preferably 1:(0.8~3.0), more preferably 1:0.8, 1:1.0, 1:2.0, or 1:3.0.

[0037] In this invention, the mixing process preferably involves adding the poly(1,2-butanediol ether) and the haloalkane to the organic solvent.

[0038] In this invention, the quaternization reaction is preferably carried out under stirring and heating conditions. The heating temperature is preferably 60~100℃, more preferably 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃ or 100℃; the heating time is preferably 12~48h, more preferably 12h, 20h, 28h, 36h, 44h or 48h. This invention does not impose any special limitations on the stirring process; any process well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0039] After the quaternization reaction is completed, the present invention preferably includes sequential cooling, rotary evaporation, washing, and drying. The present invention does not impose any special limitations on the cooling process; any process well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. The present invention does not impose any special limitations on the rotary evaporation process; any process well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, the washing is preferably performed using petroleum ether, and the washing is preferably performed three times. The drying is preferably vacuum drying; the present invention does not impose any special limitations on the vacuum drying process; any process well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0040] After obtaining the quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid, the present invention mixes the quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid, organic acid, sodium hydroxide and water, and performs an ion exchange reaction to obtain the ionic liquid.

[0041] In this invention, the organic acid preferably includes hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecyl acid, dihexyl phosphate, dioctyl phosphate, diisooctyl phosphate, dilaurate phosphate, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl sulfonic acid, or di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate acid, more preferably including dodecyl acid, diisooctyl phosphate, or di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate acid.

[0042] In this invention, the water is preferably deionized water.

[0043] In this invention, the molar ratio of the quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid, the organic acid, and sodium hydroxide is preferably 1:(1.0~1.5):(1.0~1.5), more preferably 1:1.0:1.0, 1:1.0:1.2, 1:1.0:1.4, 1:1.0:1.5, 1:1.2:1.0, 1:1.2:1.2, 1:1.2:1.4, 1:1.2:1.5, 1:1.4:1.0, 1:1.4:1.2, 1:1.4:1.4, 1:1.4:1.5, 1:1.5:1.0, 1:1.5:1.2, 1:1.5:1.4, or 1:1.5:1.5.

[0044] In this invention, the concentration of poly(1,2-butanediol ether) in the mixture obtained after mixing is preferably 0.01~1 mol / L, more preferably 0.01 mol / L, 0.1 mol / L, 0.2 mol / L, 0.3 mol / L, 0.4 mol / L, 0.5 mol / L, 0.6 mol / L, 0.7 mol / L, 0.8 mol / L, 0.9 mol / L or 1.0 mol / L.

[0045] In this invention, the temperature of the ion exchange reaction is preferably 60~100℃, more preferably 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃ or 100℃; the time of the ion exchange reaction is preferably 12~48h, more preferably 12h, 18h, 24h, 30h, 36h, 42h or 48h. In this invention, the conditions of the ion exchange reaction are preferably achieved by a constant temperature oil bath.

[0046] After the ion exchange reaction is completed, the present invention preferably includes sequential cooling, extraction, drying and rotary drying; the present invention has no special limitation on the cooling process, and a process well known to those skilled in the art can be used to cool to room temperature; the extraction is preferably performed three times with 100 mL of dichloromethane; the drying is preferably performed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the object of drying is preferably the collected organic phase; the present invention has no special limitation on the rotary drying process, and a process well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0047] The present invention also provides a lubricating oil comprising a base oil and additives; The additive is the ionic liquid described in the above technical solution.

[0048] In this invention, the base oil preferably includes A51, NP451, PAO2, PAO4, PAO10, 150N, 150SN, 150BS, Yubase6, 500N or 500SN, and more preferably includes PAO4.

[0049] In this invention, the additive is preferably 0.2-10% by mass in the lubricating oil, more preferably 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5% or 10%.

[0050] In this invention, the method for preparing the lubricating oil preferably includes the following steps: The base oil and additives are mixed to obtain the lubricating oil.

[0051] In this invention, the mixing is preferably performed by heating the additive and then mixing it with the base oil. The heating temperature is preferably 60~120℃, more preferably 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃, 110℃ or 120℃.

[0052] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0053] Example 1 Ionic liquids: Anions: Lauric acid anion; Structural formula of cation: ([N) 1112PBO110 [C] 11 H23 COO]), R=C 12 H 25 m=1, n=10; Preparation method: The reactor was dried in a stirred tank after removing water, and purged with nitrogen three times. Then, an initiator (N,N-dimethylethanolamine, 0.1 mol, 8.9 g) and a catalyst (sodium hydroxide, 0.1 mol, 4 g) were added to the reactor and stirred until dissolved. Then, 1 mol, 72 g of epoxide was added. The reactor was then heated (70 °C) for 24 h. After that, 1 mL of methanol was added and stirred for 1 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The pH was adjusted to 7 by adding 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. The mixture was separated, the organic phase was collected, and dried to obtain poly(1,2-butanediol ether) PBO110 (62.1 g, 77%). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.68-3.21 (m, 32H), 2.46 (t, J = 3.3Hz, 2H), 2.22 (s, 6H), 1.58-1.38 (m, 20H), 0.89 (m, 30H); The poly(1,2-butanediol ether) PBO110 (40.6 g, 0.05 mol) and bromododecane (15.0 g, 0.06 mol) were added to an organic solvent (acetonitrile, 360 mL, 0.3 mol / L). The mixture was then heated to 90 °C and reacted for 48 h under stirring. After cooling to room temperature and rotary evaporation of the organic solvent, the mixture was washed three times with petroleum ether and dried in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid ([N...). 1112PBO110 [Br], 42.3g, 80%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.62-3.21 (m, 40H), 1.79-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.53-1.39 (m, 20H), 1.22-1.18 (m, 18H), 0.89-0.78 (m, 33H); The quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid (21.16 g, 0.02 mol), sodium hydroxide (0.8 g, 0.02 mol), and lauric acid (4.0 g, 0.02 mol) were placed in a three-necked flask containing 120 mL of deionized water and reacted in an oil bath at 80 °C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted three times with 100 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase was collected, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the ionic liquid [N].1112PBO110 [C] 11 H 23 COO] (22.4g, 95%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.73-3.33 (m, 40H), 2.34-2.12 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.51-1.30 (m, 20H), 1.28-1.06 (m, 37H), 0.88-0.79 (m, 36H).

[0054] Example 2 Ionic liquids: Anions: Lauric acid anion; Structural formula of cation: ([N) 1118PBO110 [C] 11 H 23 COO]), R=C 18 H 37 m=1, n=10; Preparation method: The preparation method of poly(1,2-butanediol ether) is as described in Example 1; The poly(1,2-butanediol ether) PBO110 (40.5 g, 0.05 mol) and bromooctadecane (20.0 g, 0.06 mol) were added to an organic solvent (acetonitrile, 360 mL, 0.3 mol / L). The mixture was then heated to 90 °C and reacted for 48 h under stirring. After cooling to room temperature and rotary evaporation of the organic solvent, the mixture was washed three times with petroleum ether and dried in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid ([N... 1118PBO110 [Br], 37.1g, 65%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.65-3.21 (m, 40H), 1.76-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.51-1.35 (m, 20H), 1.26-1.15 (m, 30H), 0.87-0.77 (m, 33H); The quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid (22.84 g, 0.02 mol), sodium hydroxide (0.8 g, 0.02 mol), and lauric acid (4.0 g, 0.02 mol) were placed in a three-necked flask containing 120 mL of deionized water and reacted in an oil bath at 80 °C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted three times with 100 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase was collected, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the ionic liquid [N].1118PBO110 [C] 11 H 23 COO] (24.9g, 92%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.70-3.31 (m, 40H), 2.35-2.11 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.31 (m, 20H), 1.27-1.06 (m, 48H), 0.89-0.79 (m, 36H).

[0055] Example 3 Ionic liquids: Anions: Lauric acid anion; Structural formula of cation: ([N) 1118PBO29 [C] 11 H 23 COO]), R=C 18 H 37 m=2, n=9; Preparation method: The reactor was dried in a stirred tank after removing water, and purged with nitrogen three times. Then, an initiator (dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, 0.1 mol, 13.3 g) and a catalyst (sodium hydroxide, 0.1 mol, 4 g) were added to the reactor and stirred until dissolved. Then, 1 mol, 72 g of epoxide was added. The reactor was then heated (70 °C) for 24 h. After that, 1 mL of methanol was added and stirred for 1 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The pH was adjusted to 7 by adding 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. The mixture was separated, the organic phase was collected, and dried to obtain poly(1,2-butanediol ether) PBO29 (70.0 g, 82%). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) 3.51-3.15 (m, 34H), 2.43 (t, J = 5.0Hz, 2H), 2.12 (s, 6H), 1.51-1.26 (m, 18H), 0.89-0.77 (m, 28H); The poly(1,2-butanediol ether) PBO29 (42.7 g, 0.05 mol) and bromododecane (20.0 g, 0.06 mol) were added to an organic solvent (acetonitrile, 360 mL, 0.3 mol / L). The mixture was then heated to 90 °C and reacted for 48 h under stirring. After cooling to room temperature and rotary evaporation of the organic solvent, the mixture was washed three times with petroleum ether and dried in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid ([N...).1118PBO29 [Br], 40.9g, 69%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.55-3.12 (m, 44H), 1.79-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.53-1.28 (m, 18H), 1.29-1.08 (m, 30H), 0.89-0.77 (m, 31H); The quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid (23.72 g, 0.02 mol), sodium hydroxide (0.8 g, 0.02 mol), and lauric acid (4.0 g, 0.02 mol) were placed in a three-necked flask containing 120 mL of deionized water and reacted in an oil bath at 80 °C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted three times with 100 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase was collected, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the ionic liquid [N]. 1118PBO29 [C] 11 H 23 COO] (24.3g, 93%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.56-3.13 (m, 44H), 2.31-2.25 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.29 (m, 18H), 1.27-1.06 (m, 48H), 0.89-0.77 (m, 34H).

[0056] Example 4 Ionic liquid: Anion: diisooctyl phosphate anion; Structural formula of cation: ([N) 1118PBO29 [DEHP]), R=C 18 H 37 m=2, n=9; Preparation method: The preparation method of quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid is described in Example 3; The quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid (23.72 g, 0.02 mol), sodium hydroxide (0.8 g, 0.02 mol), and diisooctyl phosphate (6.2 g, 0.02 mol) were placed in a three-necked flask containing 120 mL of deionized water and reacted in an oil bath at 80 °C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted three times with 100 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase was collected, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the ionic liquid [N]. 1118PBO29[DEHP](27.1g, 90%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.85-3.17 (m, 48H), 1.63-1.25 (m, 20H), 1.23-1.01 (m, 32H), 0.87-0.70 (m, 43H).

[0057] Example 5 Ionic liquid: Anion: Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate anion; Structural formula of cation: ([N) 1112PBO29 [DOSS]), R=C 18 H 37 m=2, n=9; Preparation method: The preparation method of quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid is described in Example 3; The quaternized polyether-based ionic liquid (23.72 g, 0.02 mol) and sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (8.89 g, 0.02 mol) were placed in a three-necked flask containing 120 mL of deionized water and reacted in an oil bath at 80 °C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was extracted three times with 100 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase was collected, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain the ionic liquid [N]. 1118PBO29 [DOSS](27.8g, 91%); 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3- d ) δ 3.97-3.75 (m, 5H), 3.59-3.10 (m, 47H), 1.67-1.28 (m, 20H), 1.27-1.07 (m, 32H), 0.89-0.77 (m, 43H).

[0058] Test Example 1 The ionic liquid described in Example 4 was heated to 80°C and then dissolved in base oil 500SN (the amounts of ionic liquid added were 0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 2.0 wt%) to obtain a lubricating oil; The tribological properties of the aforementioned lubricating oil were evaluated using an SRV-V reciprocating vibration friction and wear testing machine. The SRV-V friction and wear testing machine uses point contact for the friction pair. Both upper and lower samples were made of AISI 52100 bearing steel with an average hardness of 748.45 HV. The upper sample steel ball (diameter: 10 mm) and the lower sample circular steel disc (diameter: 24 mm, height: 7.9 mm) were thoroughly cleaned with ethanol and fixed in the SRV-V test area. A suitable amount of lubricant was added to the upper and lower test contact areas, and the test was conducted continuously for 30 min with a load of 300 N, a frequency of 25 Hz, and an amplitude of 1 mm (relative humidity: 40%~50%, temperature: 25℃). The friction coefficient curve was obtained through a data acquisition system (test results are shown in the figure). Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the average friction coefficient is obtained; After the friction and wear test, the three-dimensional morphology and wear volume of the wear tracks were obtained by scanning with a Bruker optical profilometer. The average friction coefficient and wear volume of the above-mentioned lubricating oil are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the average coefficient of friction and wear volume of the lubricating oil after a 30-minute continuous test under a 200N load, 25Hz frequency, and 1mm amplitude.

[0059] Test Example 2 The ionic liquids described in Examples 1-5 were heated to 80°C and then dissolved in base oil 500SN (the amount of ionic liquid added was 0.5 wt%) to obtain lubricating oils. The tribological properties of the above-mentioned lubricating oil were evaluated using an SRV-V reciprocating vibration friction and wear tester. The test procedure and conditions were the same as in Test Example 1, and the test results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Table 2: Table 2. Average coefficient of friction and wear volume of the lubricating oils prepared by the ionic liquids described in Examples 1-5 after a continuous test at a load of 200 N, a frequency of 25 Hz, and an amplitude of 1 mm for 30 minutes.

[0060] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, even when only 0.5 wt% of the ionic liquid of the present invention is added, its friction reduction and anti-wear performance is significantly reduced compared with the base oil 500SN, with both the coefficient of friction and the wear volume being significantly lower. The friction reduction and anti-wear effect is obvious, which fully demonstrates that the ionic liquid of the present invention has excellent friction reduction and anti-wear performance.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ionic liquid, characterized in that, Including quaternary ammonium polyether cationic and anionic; The quaternary ammonium polyether cation has the structure shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; In Formula 1, R is an alkyl group; m ranges from 1 to 3; and n ranges from 6 to 20.

2. The ionic liquid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, R is C 10 H 21 , C 12 H 25 , C 14 H 29 , C 16 H 33 , C 18 H 37 or C 20 H 41 .

3. The ionic liquid as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The R is C 12 H 25 C 14 H 29 C 16 H 33 Or C 18 H 37 .

4. The ionic liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The value of m is 1 or 2.

5. The ionic liquid as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The value of n ranges from 10 to 16.

6. The ionic liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anion is a carboxylate anion, an organophosphate anion, or an organic sulfonate anion.

7. The ionic liquid as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The carboxylate group includes hexanoate, octanoate, isooctanoate, nonanoate, decanoate, or dodecylate. The organophosphate anions include dihexyl phosphate anion, dioctyl phosphate anion, diisooctyl phosphate anion, or dilaurate phosphate anion; The organic sulfonate anions include dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid anion, dodecylsulfonic acid anion, or di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid anion.

8. A lubricating oil, characterized in that, Includes base oils and additives; The additive is the ionic liquid described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The lubricating oil as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The base oils include A51, NP451, PAO2, PAO4, PAO10, 150N, 150SN, 150BS, Yubase6, 500N, or 500SN.

10. The lubricating oil as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The additive has a mass percentage content of 0.2-10% in the lubricating oil.

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