A device and method for centering a rod-shaped workpiece

Abstract

The application provides a rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device and method, relates to material transfer technology, and solves the technical problem that in the prior art, in the melting and advancing process of a consumable electrode, the consumable electrode is deformed by flexure, which easily causes the lateral deviation of the electrode side wall and scratches the feed inlet of a crystallizer. The device comprises a moving platform, a distance measuring mechanism and a controller; the moving platform is used for supporting the crystallizer, the crystallizer is placed on the moving platform, the feed inlet is arranged at the top of the crystallizer, and the moving platform can drive the crystallizer to translate bidirectionally along the horizontal plane X-axis and Y-axis; the distance measuring mechanism comprises a connecting assembly and four groups of distance sensors; the four groups of distance sensors are one-to-one correspondingly assembled on the connecting assembly; the controller is electrically connected with the moving platform and each distance sensor; the controller receives the outer circumferential distance detection data of the consumable electrode collected by the four groups of distance sensors, drives the moving platform to translate the crystallizer along the X-axis and Y-axis according to the detection data, and realizes the centering adjustment of the consumable electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material handling technology, and in particular to a device and method for centering and adjusting a rod-shaped workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag remelting, as a core refining process for high-quality special alloys, high-temperature alloys, and high-end mold steels, relies heavily on the precision of coaxial centering of the consumable electrode within the crystallizer to determine the internal density, surface forming quality, and overall compositional uniformity of the finished product. In existing electroslag remelting production systems, the consumable electrode is conventionally assembled with its top vertically fixed and its lower end hanging along the crystallizer axis. As the melting process continues, the bottom of the electrode is constantly eroded and consumed, gradually increasing the effective cantilever length. Under its own weight, the disturbance of the molten slag fluid, and the coupling effect of electromagnetic forces, it is highly susceptible to bending and deformation.

[0003] Existing conventional centering adjustment mechanisms can only achieve coaxial positioning and calibration during the initial electrode assembly stage, and cannot adapt to the deformation and displacement problems caused by the dynamic shortening of electrode length throughout the melting process. As melting progresses, the deflection deformation of the consumable electrode continues to accumulate, and the electrode sidewall is prone to lateral displacement and scraping or touching the upper feed port of the crystallizer. This can easily cause local electrode breakage and wear damage to the inner wall of the crystallizer feed port; the metal fragments generated by scraping falling into the molten pool can disrupt the stability of the slag system, causing slag leakage, directly resulting in the segregation of the composition of the finished product in the current smelting and excessive surface defects, leading to scrapping; under extreme conditions, electrode jamming and slag leakage can force the production line to shut down urgently, significantly reducing the efficiency of continuous smelting operations, and posing significant safety risks such as high-temperature molten liquid leakage and equipment burnout.

[0004] In summary, existing electroslag remelting equipment lacks a dynamic centering control scheme that can suppress the deflection of consumable electrodes in real time throughout the entire process and prevent the electrodes from touching the crystallizer feed inlet, making it difficult to meet the high-precision operation requirements of high-quality alloy smelting for continuous and stable electrode coaxiality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a centering adjustment device and method for rod-shaped workpieces, to solve the technical problem in the prior art where the consumable electrode is easily laterally offset and scrapes against the crystallizer inlet due to bending and deformation of the consumable electrode during the melting and propulsion process. The various technical effects of the preferred solutions among the many technical solutions provided by this invention are detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, In a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A centering adjustment device for a rod-shaped workpiece includes a moving platform, a ranging mechanism, and a controller; The mobile platform is used to support the crystallizer. The crystallizer is placed on the mobile platform and the feed inlet is located on the top of the crystallizer. The mobile platform can drive the crystallizer to move bidirectionally along the horizontal X-axis and Y-axis. The ranging mechanism includes a connecting component and four sets of distance sensors. The four sets of distance sensors are arranged in a cross-shaped symmetrical arrangement with the center of the crystallizer inlet as the reference, respectively corresponding to the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The connecting component is fixed to the top of the crystallizer, and four sets of distance sensors are assembled on the connecting component one by one. The controller is electrically connected to the mobile platform and each distance sensor. The controller receives the detection data of the peripheral distance of the consumable electrode collected by the four sets of distance sensors, and drives the mobile platform to move the crystallizer along the X-axis and Y-axis according to the detection data, so as to realize the centering adjustment of the consumable electrode.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a base plate and four extension plates; The base plate is snapped and fixed to the top of the crystallizer. A through opening is opened in the center of the base plate. The inner diameter of the opening is larger than that of the crystallizer inlet, and the opening is coaxial and concentric with the crystallizer inlet. The four extension plates are evenly arranged around the base plate, with each pair of opposite extension plates extending outward along the X-axis and Y-axis, respectively; four sets of distance sensors are respectively installed on the four extension plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting assembly is also provided with a height-adjusting bracket respectively mounted on each extension plate, and the distance sensor is fixedly installed on the corresponding height-adjusting bracket to adjust the vertical installation height of the distance sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting assembly also includes a height-increasing plate, which is fixed to the outer end of the extension plate away from the base plate, and the distance sensor is vertically adjustable and mounted on the height-increasing plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the connection assembly also includes an insulating plate and a filter; the insulating plate is sandwiched between the riser and the distance sensor, and the filter is fixed to the upper end of the riser and covers the signal transmitting and receiving ends of the distance sensor.

[0011] Furthermore, the mobile platform includes a lateral drive component for realizing X-axis movement and a longitudinal drive component for realizing Y-axis movement; The longitudinal drive assembly includes a fixed base, a longitudinal drive motor, a longitudinal lead screw, and a longitudinal lead screw nut; the fixed base is the base for supporting the whole machine, the longitudinal drive motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed base, the longitudinal lead screw is rotatably assembled inside the fixed base, and the output end of the longitudinal drive motor is connected to the longitudinal lead screw for transmission; the longitudinal lead screw nut is slidably assembled on the fixed base along the Y direction and is threadedly engaged with the longitudinal lead screw. The lateral drive assembly includes a support base, a lateral drive motor, a lateral lead screw, and a lateral lead screw nut. The support base is fixed above the fixed base, the lateral drive motor is fixedly installed on the support base, the lateral lead screw is rotatably mounted on the support base, and the output end of the lateral drive motor is connected to the lateral lead screw via transmission. The lateral lead screw nut is slidably mounted on the support base along the X direction and is threadedly engaged with the lateral lead screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the longitudinal drive assembly is also equipped with a longitudinal limit switch, which is fixed to the fixed base to limit the overtravel sliding of the longitudinal nut seat. The lateral drive assembly is also equipped with a lateral limit switch, which is fixed to the support base and used to limit the overtravel of the lateral nut seat.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for centering a rod-shaped workpiece, implemented using the aforementioned device, includes the following steps: Distance signals in different directions of the rod-shaped workpiece are collected by multiple distance sensors distributed along the circumference of the workpiece. The distance signal is optically filtered by a filter at the front end of the sensor and digitally filtered using a first-order low-pass filtering algorithm to obtain a noise-reduced multi-directional distance signal. Based on the noise-reduced multi-directional distance signal, the offset of the rod-shaped workpiece relative to the target center is calculated, and the moving platform is driven to move the rod-shaped workpiece along the X-axis and / or Y-axis according to the offset. The mobile platform is calibrated at its origin and limited in its travel by a proximity switch until the rod-shaped workpiece is adjusted to the center position.

[0014] Furthermore, the step of driving the moving platform to move the rod-shaped workpiece along the X-axis and / or Y-axis direction according to the offset includes: if the offset is less than a preset threshold, maintaining the current position of the moving platform; if the offset is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, generating an adjustment command in the corresponding direction to drive the moving platform to move.

[0015] Furthermore, the step of calibrating the origin and limiting the travel of the moving platform using a proximity switch includes: if the proximity switch detects a limit travel trigger signal, then the movement in the corresponding direction is stopped and a protection alarm is triggered; if the proximity switch does not detect a trigger signal, then iterative adjustment continues until the rod-shaped workpiece is centered.

[0016] Compared to traditional adjustment mechanisms that can only perform initial calibration and cannot compensate for electrode deflection during melting, this invention uses a moving platform to carry the crystallizer and achieve overall translation along the X and Y axes. Combined with four distance sensors symmetrically arranged on the top of the crystallizer to collect the gaps around the electrodes in real time, the controller dynamically corrects the deviation based on the detection data in a closed loop, maintaining the consumable electrode and the feed inlet coaxially throughout the process. This solves the problems of electrode deflection caused by its own weight, slag disturbance, and electromagnetic force during melting, as well as the problems of scraping and impacting the crystallizer feed inlet. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ranging mechanism structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the ranging mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection component structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile platform structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the steps provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a logic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, moving platform; 110, fixed base; 120, longitudinal drive motor; 130, longitudinal lead screw nut; 140, longitudinal limit switch; 150, support base; 160, transverse drive motor; 170, transverse lead screw nut; 180, transverse limit switch; 200, ranging mechanism; 210, base plate; 220, extension plate; 230, distance sensor; 240, heightening frame; 250, insulating plate; 260, filter; 270, protective cover; 300, crystallizer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0024] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment specifically discloses a rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device, which is suitable for the dynamic centering adjustment of consumable electrodes in the electroslag remelting process, effectively solving the technical problems of electrode deflection and contact with the feed inlet of the crystallizer 300 during the melting process. The overall device mainly includes a moving platform 100, a ranging mechanism 200, and a controller structure. The various structures cooperate with each other to achieve dynamic centering control, adapting to the accuracy centering requirements of the entire melting process.

[0025] The mobile platform 100 serves as a load-bearing and adjustment structure. During operation, it is placed directly below the consumable electrode to stably support the crystallizer 300. The crystallizer 300 is placed stably on the platform 100 with its feed inlet facing upwards. During the smelting process, the consumable electrode extends vertically downwards from the top feed inlet of the crystallizer 300 into the interior of the crystallizer 300 to complete the smelting operation.

[0026] Compared to the traditional fixed crystallizer 300 installation structure, the moving platform 100 of this device can drive the crystallizer 300 to achieve bidirectional orthogonal translation along the X and Y axes within the horizontal installation plane, flexibly adapting to multi-directional electrode offset conditions. During continuous melting, when the consumable electrode undergoes flexural deformation and lateral offset, there is no need to adjust the fixed installation position of the top consumable electrode. Simply by fine-tuning the horizontal coordinates of the crystallizer 300 through the moving platform 100, the gap distance between the periphery of the consumable electrode and the feed inlet of the crystallizer 300 can be changed in real time, quickly compensating for the electrode offset and preventing the electrode sidewall from rubbing against or touching the feed inlet of the crystallizer 300. This effectively prevents problems such as electrode breakage, feed inlet wear, and metal debris falling into the molten pool.

[0027] The ranging mechanism 200 includes a connecting component and four sets of distance sensors 230. The connecting component is stably and fixedly installed on the top of the crystallizer 300, providing a reliable installation reference for the sensors and ensuring that the detection reference remains consistent with the center of the crystallizer 300's inlet, thus avoiding adjustment errors caused by detection reference offset. The four sets of distance sensors 230 are arranged in a cross-shaped symmetrical distribution with the center of the crystallizer 300's inlet as the reference. Two sets of distance sensors 230 are symmetrically arranged in the X-axis movement direction, and the other two sets are symmetrically arranged in the Y-axis movement direction. The orthogonal cross arrangement can fully cover all offset directions on the horizontal plane, enabling all-round real-time detection of the gap distance between the periphery of the consumable electrode and each sensor, and capturing the electrode deflection offset.

[0028] The controller is electrically connected to the mobile platform 100 and four sets of distance sensors 230, forming a complete real-time detection, calculation, and adjustment closed-loop control system. During operation, the controller continuously receives the distance detection data of the outer periphery of the consumable electrode collected by the four sets of distance sensors 230, calculates the offset direction and amount of the consumable electrode relative to the center of the feed inlet of the crystallizer 300 in real time through the built-in algorithm, and accurately outputs drive signals according to the calculation results to control the mobile platform 100 to drive the crystallizer 300 to perform corresponding translation compensation in the X and Y axis directions.

[0029] By dynamically correcting deviations in real time, the coaxiality between the consumable electrode and the 300mm feed inlet of the crystallizer is always maintained, effectively offsetting the continuous flexural deformation deviation of the electrode during the melting process. This ensures that the electrode remains centered and stable throughout the melting process, which not only significantly improves the quality of the finished product from electroslag remelting and ensures uniform alloy material composition, but also effectively avoids slag leakage, equipment damage, emergency shutdowns, and high-temperature safety accidents, significantly improving production stability and operational safety.

[0030] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further refines and defines the connection component structure of the ranging mechanism 200, and specifically discloses an adjustable connection component structure.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting components specifically include a base plate 210, four extension plates 220, a heightening frame 240, an insulating plate 250, and a filter 260. The base plate 210 has a through-hole at its center, with an inner diameter larger than the feed inlet diameter of the crystallizer 300. This completely avoids interference from electrode lifting and lowering, ensuring normal electrode feeding and melting. The base plate 210 is snap-fitted to the top of the crystallizer 300, and the central opening of the base plate 210 is coaxially and concentrically arranged with the feed inlet of the crystallizer 300. This effectively ensures that the overall detection reference height is consistent with the central reference height of the crystallizer 300, avoiding detection deviations caused by installation eccentricity and ensuring centering adjustment accuracy. The four extension plates 220 are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the base plate 210. Each pair of oppositely arranged extension plates 220 extend outwards in the X and Y axes, respectively, perfectly matching the orthogonal cross-shaped arrangement of the sensors. The structure is regular and the stress is uniform, providing a stable installation support foundation for each group of distance sensors 230.

[0032] Each of the four extension plates 220 is equipped with a corresponding riser bracket 240, and four sets of distance sensors 230 are fixedly installed on the top of each riser bracket 240. By adjusting the installation position of the riser bracket 240 on the extension plate 220, the horizontal position of the distance sensor 230 relative to the center of the feed inlet can be flexibly fine-tuned to adapt to the detection requirements of consumable electrodes of different diameters. At the same time, the riser bracket 240 can effectively raise the overall installation height of the distance sensor 230, increase the vertical distance between the sensor and the high-temperature melting area of ​​the crystallizer 300 feed inlet, effectively avoid interference from high-temperature flue gas and hot gas convection generated during the melting process, eliminate the problem of data distortion and fluctuation caused by flue gas obstruction and hot gas refraction, and greatly improve the stability of the sensor's detection throughout the process.

[0033] To further optimize sensor performance, an insulating plate 250 is sandwiched between the riser 240 and the distance sensor 230. This provides overall insulation and isolation between the sensor and the metal riser 240 and connecting components, effectively preventing conductive interference and signal noise generated during power-on and electromagnetic coupling, protecting the sensor circuitry, and improving electrical stability. A protective cover 270 covers the outside of the distance sensor 230, and a filter 260 is fixedly mounted on the cover 270, completely covering the signal transmitting and receiving ends of the distance sensor 230. In this embodiment, the filter 260 is preferably a 630-650nm narrowband filter, which can accurately match the working wavelength of the laser sensor and specifically attenuate and filter ambient stray light, high-temperature glow, furnace reflections, and other interfering light sources outside the laser wavelength range. This greatly reduces optical detection errors under complex smelting conditions and ensures accurate and reliable sensor ranging data.

[0034] Reference Figure 5 As shown, this connecting assembly further includes a height-adjustable extension plate structure. The extension plate is fixedly installed on the outer end of the extension plate 220 away from the base plate 210, and the height-adjustable bracket 240 is mounted on the extension plate in a vertically adjustable manner. Through the coordinated adjustment of the extension plate and the height-adjustable bracket 240, a wide range of precise height adjustments can be achieved for the distance sensor 230. This allows for flexible adaptation of the sensor installation height according to different smelting furnace types, electrode lengths, and flue gas conditions, further improving the adaptability and versatility of the device. It can also ensure high-precision, interference-free electrode offset detection throughout the electroslag remelting process over a long period.

[0035] The base plate 210 also has a wiring channel for the distance sensor 230 to be routed.

[0036] Example 3 Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment further refines and defines the structure of the mobile platform 100 of the device based on embodiment 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the mobile platform 100 includes a lateral drive component for X-axis translation and a longitudinal drive component for Y-axis translation. Through the cooperation of the two sets of orthogonally arranged drive components, the displacement compensation of the crystallizer 300 in any direction on the horizontal plane can be completed independently and accurately, so as to meet the correction and adjustment requirements of multidimensional electrode offset.

[0038] The longitudinal drive assembly includes a fixed base 110, a longitudinal drive motor 120, a longitudinal lead screw, a longitudinal lead screw nut 130, and a longitudinal limit switch 140. The fixed base 110 serves as the load-bearing base of the entire mobile platform 100, possessing advantages such as high structural strength and good support stability. It provides a stable installation reference for each drive component, effectively avoiding positioning deviations caused by equipment operating vibrations. The longitudinal drive motor 120 is fixedly mounted on the fixed base 110, and the longitudinal lead screw is rotatably mounted inside the fixed base 110. The output end of the longitudinal drive motor 120 forms a transmission connection with the longitudinal lead screw, and the axial direction of the longitudinal lead screw is parallel to the Y-direction extension direction. The longitudinal lead screw nut 130 is slidably mounted on the fixed base 110 along the Y-direction and forms a threaded engagement with the longitudinal lead screw.

[0039] During operation, the longitudinal drive motor 120 drives the longitudinal lead screw to rotate in both forward and reverse directions. Relying on the thread transmission principle of the lead screw and nut, the rotational motion of the motor is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the longitudinal lead screw seat 130 in the Y direction. The transmission accuracy is high and the displacement adjustment is uniform. It can achieve micron-level precise micro-adjustment of the crystallizer in the Y direction of 300, ensuring the fineness of centering and correction.

[0040] The longitudinal limit switch 140 is fixedly installed on the fixed base 110 and arranged on the moving path of the longitudinal thread nut 130, which can provide mechanical limit protection for Y-direction displacement. When the longitudinal thread nut 130 slides to the limit switch position, the limit switch can trigger a braking signal in time to forcibly stop the thread nut from continuing to move, effectively preventing problems such as component overtravel, structural collision jamming, and excessive displacement deviation.

[0041] Meanwhile, the limit point of the longitudinal limit switch 140 can be set as the origin of the Y-direction displacement, which can provide a unified reference for each start-up and shutdown adjustment of the equipment, realize zero displacement calibration, effectively avoid the cumulative positioning error caused by long-term operation, and continuously ensure adjustment accuracy.

[0042] The lateral drive assembly includes a support base 150, a lateral drive motor 160, a lateral lead screw, a lateral lead screw nut 170, and a lateral limit switch 180. The support base 150 is fixedly installed above the fixed base 110, so that the support base 150 can move synchronously in the Y direction with the longitudinal lead screw nut 130, realizing the overall linkage adjustment of the Y-direction displacement, with strong structural linkage and good motion synchronization.

[0043] A transverse drive motor 160 is fixedly mounted on a support base 150, and a transverse lead screw is rotatably mounted inside the support base 150. The output end of the transverse drive motor 160 is connected to the transverse lead screw, and the axis of the transverse lead screw is parallel to the X-direction extension direction. A transverse lead screw nut 170 is slidably mounted on the support base 150 along the X-direction and threadedly engaged with the transverse lead screw. By driving the transverse lead screw to rotate through the transverse drive motor 160, the transverse lead screw nut 170 and the upper crystallizer 300 can be driven to complete precise linear translation in the X-direction. The X and Y bidirectional drives are independent and do not interfere with each other, which can accurately match the deflection offset of the electrode in any direction and achieve all-round dynamic correction.

[0044] The lateral limit switch 180 is fixedly installed on the support base 150 and located on the moving path of the lateral nut seat 170, enabling overtravel protection against X-axis displacement. When the lateral nut seat 170 slides to the limit position, it immediately restricts its continued movement, preventing mechanical wear, structural interference, and adjustment failure caused by overtravel of the lateral drive component. Simultaneously, the limit point of the lateral limit switch 180 can be set as the X-axis displacement origin, cooperating with the longitudinal limit switch 140 to achieve dual-axis origin calibration, significantly improving the repeatability of the equipment and ensuring the stability and reliability of centering adjustment under long-term continuous melting conditions.

[0045] Example 4 Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment specifically discloses a method for centering a rod-shaped workpiece, implemented using the aforementioned device, and includes the following steps: S100, multiple distance sensors 230 distributed along the circumference of the rod-shaped workpiece collect distance signals in different directions of the rod-shaped workpiece; The distance signal is collected by multiple distance sensors 230 distributed circumferentially in a rod shape. The limited number of multiple sets of distance sensors 230 are evenly distributed circumferentially, thereby enabling the identification of the displacement of the rod-shaped workpiece in different directions.

[0046] S200, the distance signal is optically filtered by a filter at the front end of the sensor and digitally filtered using a first-order low-pass filtering algorithm to obtain a noise-reduced multi-directional distance signal.

[0047] The filter uses a 630nm-650nm narrowband filter, which allows light corresponding to the ranging laser band to pass through and attenuates interference light from other bands, thereby reducing the impact of strong light from smelting on signal reception.

[0048] After the distance sensor 230 acquires the distance signal, it needs to be processed using a first-order low-pass filter algorithm to suppress the high-frequency noise remaining after optical filtering. Specifically, The sensor processes the acquired distance signal using a first-order low-pass filter algorithm, and the filtered output is: .

[0049] in, This is the original distance sample value at the current moment. This is the filtered output value from the previous time step. Let α be the current filtered output value, and let α be the filtering coefficient, satisfying 0 < α < 1.

[0050] The filter coefficient α depends on the sensor sampling frequency. and preset cutoff frequency It is confirmed that its expression is: .

[0051] in, For the sensor sampling period, satisfy ; Let be the filtering time constant, satisfying Therefore, the expression for the filter coefficient α can be further expressed as: .

[0052] By using the cutoff frequency The settings allow for a trade-off between the smoothing effect of the ranging data and the response speed to the actual offset of the rod-shaped workpiece, in order to suppress the high-frequency noise remaining after filtering and improve the stability of subsequent offset judgment.

[0053] In the specific implementation process, a preset cutoff frequency is used. The settings can be configured based on the sampling parameters of the distance sensor 230, the actual offset speed of the rod-shaped workpiece, and the noise characteristics of the site, so that the filtered output can reduce instantaneous distance measurement fluctuations while reflecting the continuous positional changes of the rod-shaped workpiece in a timely manner.

[0054] After optical and mathematical filtering, the fluctuations in the ranging data are reduced, providing a more stable input for subsequent offset determination.

[0055] S300, calculate the offset of the rod-shaped workpiece relative to the target center based on the noise-reduced multi-directional distance signal, and drive the moving platform 100 to move the rod-shaped workpiece along the X-axis and / or Y-axis according to the offset.

[0056] The offset of the rod-shaped workpiece relative to the target center position is calculated based on distance signals from multiple directions. When the offset is within the allowable range, the moving platform 100 maintains its current position. When the offset exceeds the allowable range, an adjustment command is generated, and the servo motor is driven to move the moving platform 100 along the X-axis and / or Y-axis.

[0057] S400 uses a proximity switch to calibrate the origin and limit the travel of the moving platform 100 until the rod-shaped workpiece is adjusted to the center position.

[0058] During the movement, the proximity switch continuously detects the current position of the moving platform 100. When the limit travel signal is detected, the system stops the operation in the corresponding direction and performs protection. If the limit travel is not triggered, the system continues to acquire multi-directional distance signals and perform iterative adjustments until the rod-shaped workpiece returns to the centered state.

[0059] Through the synergistic effects of the above-mentioned multi-directional ranging, optical filtering, digital filtering, two-dimensional closed-loop adjustment and limit protection, this embodiment can reduce the fluctuation of ranging signal in the strong light environment of smelting, improve the stability of centering adjustment of rod-shaped workpieces, and reduce the frequency of manual intervention and the risk of equipment collision.

[0060] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A centering adjustment device for a rod-shaped workpiece, characterized in that, Includes a mobile platform (100), a ranging mechanism (200), and a controller; The mobile platform (100) is used to support the crystallizer (300). The crystallizer (300) is placed on the mobile platform (100) and the feed inlet is located on the top of the crystallizer (300). The mobile platform (100) can drive the crystallizer (300) to move bidirectionally along the horizontal X-axis and Y-axis. The ranging mechanism (200) includes a connecting component and four sets of distance sensors (230). The four sets of distance sensors (230) are arranged in a cross-shaped symmetrical manner with the center of the feed inlet of the crystallizer (300) as the reference, respectively corresponding to the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The connecting component is fixed to the top of the crystallizer (300), and four sets of distance sensors (230) are assembled on the connecting component one by one; The controller is electrically connected to the mobile platform (100) and each distance sensor (230). The controller receives the detection data of the peripheral distance of the consumable electrode collected by the four sets of distance sensors (230), and drives the mobile platform (100) to move the crystallizer (300) along the X-axis and Y-axis according to the detection data, so as to realize the centering adjustment of the consumable electrode.

2. The rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes a base plate (210) and four extension plates (220). The base plate (210) is snapped and fixed to the top of the crystallizer (300). A through opening is opened in the center of the base plate (210). The inner diameter of the opening is larger than the feed inlet of the crystallizer (300), and the opening is coaxial and concentric with the feed inlet of the crystallizer (300). The four extension plates (220) are evenly arranged around the base plate (210), and each pair of opposite extension plates (220) extend outward along the X-axis and Y-axis respectively; four sets of distance sensors (230) are respectively installed on the four extension plates (220).

3. The rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting assembly is also provided with a height-increasing frame (240) respectively mounted on each extension plate (220), and the distance sensor (230) is fixedly installed on the corresponding height-increasing frame (240) to adjust the vertical installation height of the distance sensor (230).

4. The rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly also includes a height-increasing plate, which is fixed to the outer end of the extension plate (220) away from the base plate (210), and the distance sensor (230) is mounted on the height-increasing plate in an adjustable manner along the vertical height.

5. The rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection assembly also includes an insulating plate (250) and a filter (260); the insulating plate (250) is sandwiched between the riser (240) and the distance sensor (230), and the filter (260) is fixed to the upper end of the riser (240) and covers the signal transmitting end and receiving end of the distance sensor (230).

6. The rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile platform (100) includes a lateral drive component for X-axis movement and a longitudinal drive component for Y-axis movement; The longitudinal drive assembly includes a fixed base (110), a longitudinal drive motor (120), a longitudinal lead screw, and a longitudinal lead screw nut (130); the fixed base (110) is the base for supporting the entire machine, the longitudinal drive motor (120) is fixedly mounted on the fixed base (110), the longitudinal lead screw is rotatably mounted inside the fixed base (110), and the output end of the longitudinal drive motor (120) is connected to the longitudinal lead screw for transmission; the longitudinal lead screw nut (130) is slidably mounted on the fixed base (110) along the Y direction and is threadedly engaged with the longitudinal lead screw; The lateral drive assembly includes a support base (150), a lateral drive motor (160), a lateral lead screw, and a lateral lead screw nut (170). The support base (150) is fixed above the fixed base (110), the lateral drive motor (160) is fixedly installed on the support base (150), the lateral lead screw is rotatably mounted on the support base (150), and the output end of the lateral drive motor (160) is connected to the lateral lead screw via transmission. The lateral lead screw nut (170) is slidably mounted on the support base (150) along the X direction and is threadedly engaged with the lateral lead screw.

7. The rod-shaped workpiece centering adjustment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The longitudinal drive assembly is also equipped with a longitudinal limit switch (140), which is fixed to the fixed base (110) and is used to limit the overtravel of the longitudinal thread nut (130). The lateral drive assembly is also equipped with a lateral limit switch (180), which is fixed to the support base (150) and is used to limit the overtravel of the lateral thread nut (170).

8. A method for centering a rod-shaped workpiece, characterized in that, Implemented by the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: Distance signals in different directions of the rod-shaped workpiece are collected by multiple distance sensors (230) distributed along the circumference of the rod-shaped workpiece; The distance signal is optically filtered by a filter at the front end of the sensor and digitally filtered using a first-order low-pass filtering algorithm to obtain a noise-reduced multi-directional distance signal. The offset of the rod-shaped workpiece relative to the target center is calculated based on the noise-reduced multi-directional distance signal, and the moving platform (100) is driven to move the rod-shaped workpiece along the X-axis and / or Y-axis direction according to the offset. The mobile platform (100) is calibrated at the origin and limited in its stroke by a proximity switch until the rod-shaped workpiece is adjusted to the center position.

9. The method for centering a rod-shaped workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of driving the moving platform (100) to move the rod-shaped workpiece along the X-axis and / or Y-axis direction according to the offset includes: if the offset is less than a preset threshold, then maintain the current position of the moving platform (100); if the offset is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, then generate an adjustment command in the corresponding direction to drive the moving platform (100) to move.

10. The method for centering a rod-shaped workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of calibrating the origin and limiting the travel of the moving platform (100) by means of a proximity switch include: if the proximity switch detects a limit travel trigger signal, the movement in the corresponding direction is stopped and a protection alarm is triggered; if the proximity switch does not detect a trigger signal, the iterative adjustment continues until the rod-shaped workpiece is centered.

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