Intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber based on melt spinning technology and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology and its preparation method. The fiber of this invention can be obtained by the following method: First, microcapsules are prepared; second, the microcapsule powder and polyester granules are mixed in a ribbon mixer to obtain granules; third, the obtained granules are used as raw materials and spun using a melt spinning machine to obtain the smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber. During heating, the polyester fiber fabric prepared by this invention exhibits a slightly lower heating rate compared to ordinary fabrics on the market; during cooling, the fabric exhibits a slightly lower cooling rate compared to ordinary fabrics on the market; this indicates that the fabric demonstrates good smart temperature-regulating function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fiber preparation technology, specifically relating to a smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for multifunctional clothing is becoming increasingly prominent, and intelligent temperature-regulating fabric is a typical example of such functional fabric. Intelligent temperature-regulating fabric is a new type of functional textile that combines phase change energy storage technology with traditional textile technology. It can provide a comfortable internal environment for the human body, in which phase change materials play a crucial role.

[0003] Phase change materials (PCMs) are a crucial component of phase change temperature-regulating textiles, and their properties determine the temperature-regulating performance of these textiles. PCMs are materials whose original state changes with variations in ambient temperature or pressure. Because these materials can provide latent heat, their application has been extensively researched and explored in recent years from the perspective of rational energy regulation and utilization. Since PCMs absorb or release significant amounts of latent heat during phase change processes, they are widely used in daily life and are poised to become the best green and environmentally friendly carrier for future energy conservation and environmental protection. Furthermore, the way PCMs are integrated with textiles also determines the quality of intelligent temperature-regulating textiles.

[0004] Currently, polyester fibers or fabrics with intelligent temperature regulation functions are rare on the market. This is because phase change materials with heat absorption or release functions have stable physical or chemical properties, and their bonding force with polyester fibers is relatively weak. It is difficult for phase change materials to stably adhere to polyester fibers or fabrics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem of the difficulty in combining phase change materials with polyester fibers in the existing technology, and the scarcity of intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fibers or fabrics in the market, this invention provides an intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology and its preparation method.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology, which is achieved through the following scheme: First, microcapsules are prepared; second, microcapsule powder and polyester particles are mixed in a ribbon mixer to obtain particles; third, the obtained particles are used as raw materials and spun using a melt spinning machine to obtain smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fibers based on melt spinning technology, the method comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of microcapsules: eicosane, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile were stirred at 70-80℃ to obtain an oil phase; sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water were stirred at 30-40℃ to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase was added to the aqueous phase at 70-80℃ and emulsified into a homogeneous emulsion by high-speed stirring at 4500-8000 r / min. The emulsion was heated under nitrogen protection for 2-4 h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion; the prepared emulsion was spray-dried to obtain microcapsule powder.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio of the amount of n-eicosane, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water is 1 g : (10-20) mL : (8-10) mL : (0.1-0.2) g : (0.1-0.2) g : (30-40) mL; and the ratio of the amount of oil phase to water phase is 1 mL : (3-5) mL.

[0009] (2) Blending: The microcapsule powder and polyester granules are mixed in a ribbon mixer for 1-2 hours and cured for 3-5 hours. Then, the cured material is extruded and granulated in a twin-screw extruder to obtain rubber granules. Finally, the rubber granules are injection molded and extruded into granules at 200-230°C.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of microcapsule powder to polyester particles is 1g:(10-12)g; the temperature range of the twin-screw extruder is 200-220℃.

[0011] (3) Spinning: Using the granules obtained in step (2) as raw materials, a melt spinning machine is used to spin intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fibers.

[0012] Preferably, in step (3), the spinning temperature range of the melt spinning process is 220-250℃, the spinning speed is 2600-2800m / min, the spinneret is selected with 24 holes and a hole diameter of 0.25mm*0.75mm, and the cooling method is ring blowing; the pump supply is controlled by a metering pump to be 22-24g / min during spinning.

[0013] The relevant mechanism analysis of the present invention: The principle of melt spinning is to melt the mixture in the high-temperature melting zone through the feed port. After being fully mixed and uniform, the melt is extruded through the spinneret under the protection of inert gas to form a fine melt stream, and then cooled and solidified to form fibers; the schematic diagram of melt spinning is shown in Figure 1.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) In response to the technical difficulty of attaching the phase change material n-eicosane to polyester fibers, the inventors unexpectedly discovered that by preparing n-eicosane into microcapsule powder, mixing the microcapsule powder into polyester particles, and using melt spinning technology to obtain fibers, the fabric prepared from the fibers has a better intelligent temperature regulation function, thereby solving the problem of the difficulty of combining n-eicosane with polyester fibers.

[0015] (2) The polyester fiber prepared by the present invention contains n-eicosane. The n-eicosane is wrapped and sealed by the polyester fiber material, which has good sealing performance and does not leak when the temperature changes, thus maintaining the integrity of the fiber and realizing the function of the fiber being durable.

[0016] (3) During the heating stage, the temperature of the polyester fabric doped with n-eicosane prepared by the present invention is lower than that of ordinary fabrics on the market, indicating that its heating rate is slightly lower than that of ordinary fabrics on the market; this shows that the intelligent temperature regulation function of the fabric prepared by the present invention is good.

[0017] (4) During the cooling stage, the polyester fabric doped with n-eicosane prepared by the present invention has a higher temperature than ordinary fabrics on the market, indicating that its cooling rate is slightly lower than that of ordinary fabrics on the market; this shows that the intelligent temperature regulation function of the fabric prepared by the present invention is good. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Appendix Figure 1 Schematic diagram of melt spinning. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The above-described solution will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The implementation conditions used in the embodiments may be further adjusted according to the conditions of specific manufacturers, and the implementation conditions not specified are generally those in routine experiments.

[0020] Example 1 A smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology, the fiber being prepared using the following method: (1) Preparation of microcapsules: 10g of n-eicosane, 150mL of methyl methacrylate, 90mL of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 1.5g of azobisisobutyronitrile were stirred at 75℃ to obtain an oil phase; 1.5g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 350mL of deionized water were stirred at 35℃ to obtain an aqueous phase. At 75℃, 80mL of the oil phase was added to 320mL of the aqueous phase, and the mixture was stirred at 6500r / min to emulsify into a homogeneous emulsion. The emulsion was heated under nitrogen protection for 3h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion; the prepared emulsion was spray-dried to obtain microcapsule powder.

[0021] (2) Blending: 10g of microcapsule powder and 110g of polyester granules are mixed in a ribbon mixer for 1.5h and cured for 4h. Then, the cured material is extruded and granulated in a twin-screw extruder at 210℃ to obtain rubber granules. Finally, the rubber granules are injection molded and extruded into granules at 215℃.

[0022] (3) Spinning: Using the granules obtained in step (2) as raw materials, a melt spinning machine is used to spin intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber a.

[0023] In step (3), the spinning temperature of the melt spinning process is 235℃, the spinning speed is 2700m / min, the spinneret is 24 holes with a diameter of 0.25mm*0.75mm, and the cooling method is ring blowing. The pump supply is controlled by a metering pump to be 23g / min during spinning.

[0024] Example 2 A smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology, the fiber being prepared using the following method: (1) Preparation of microcapsules: 10g of n-eicosane, 100mL of methyl methacrylate, 80mL of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 1g of azobisisobutyronitrile were stirred at 70℃ to obtain an oil phase; 1g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 300mL of deionized water were stirred at 30℃ to obtain an aqueous phase. At 70℃, 100mL of the oil phase was added to 300mL of the aqueous phase, and the mixture was stirred at 4500r / min to emulsify into a homogeneous emulsion. The emulsion was heated under nitrogen protection for 2h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion; the prepared emulsion was spray-dried to obtain microcapsule powder.

[0025] (2) Blending: Mix 10g of microcapsule powder and 100g of polyester granules in a ribbon mixer for 1 hour and cure for 3 hours. Then, extrude the cured material in a twin-screw extruder at 200°C to obtain rubber granules. Finally, inject and extrude the rubber granules into granules at 200°C.

[0026] (3) Spinning: Using the granules obtained in step (2) as raw materials, polyester fiber b is obtained by melt spinning machine.

[0027] In step (3), the spinning temperature of the melt spinning process is 220℃, the spinning speed is 2600m / min, the spinneret is 24 holes with a diameter of 0.25mm*0.75mm, and the cooling method is ring blowing. The pump supply is controlled by a metering pump to be 22g / min during spinning.

[0028] Example 3 A smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology, the fiber being prepared using the following method: (1) Preparation of microcapsules: 10g of n-eicosane, 200mL of methyl methacrylate, 100mL of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2g of azobisisobutyronitrile were stirred at 80℃ to obtain an oil phase; 2g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 400mL of deionized water were stirred at 40℃ to obtain an aqueous phase. At 80℃, 80mL of the oil phase was added to 400mL of the aqueous phase and emulsified by high-speed stirring at 8000r / min to form a uniform emulsion. The emulsion was heated under nitrogen protection for 4h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion; the prepared emulsion was spray-dried to obtain microcapsule powder.

[0029] (2) Blending: 10g of microcapsule powder and 120g of polyester granules are mixed in a ribbon mixer for 2 hours and cured for 5 hours. Then, the cured material is extruded and granulated in a twin-screw extruder at 220°C to obtain rubber granules. Finally, the rubber granules are injection molded and extruded into granules at 230°C.

[0030] (3) Spinning: Using the granules obtained in step (2) as raw materials, a melt spinning machine is used to spin intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber c.

[0031] In step (3), the spinning temperature of the melt spinning process is 250℃, the spinning speed is 2800m / min, the spinneret is 24 holes with a diameter of 0.25mm*0.75mm, and the cooling method is ring blowing. The pump supply is controlled by a metering pump to be 24g / min during spinning.

[0032] Comparative Example A Compared with Example 1, in this Comparative Example A, no microcapsule powder was added, that is, step "(1) preparation of microcapsules" was omitted, pure polyester particles were selected for spinning, and other preparation methods were carried out according to the preparation method of Example 1 to obtain fiber d.

[0033] Comparative Example B Select commercially available ordinary polyester fiber e, the fabric weight (g / m²) 2 ) and the weight (g / m²) of fabrics a to d 2 )similar.

[0034] Performance evaluation: The fibers a to e from the examples and comparative examples were spun and woven into fabrics. The fabrics underwent temperature rise and fall kinetics testing. The fabric temperature was measured using an infrared thermometer (model: AR550). The specific testing method is as follows: (1) Heating kinetics test: The fabrics of the example and the comparative example were placed at room temperature of 20°C for 24 hours. Then they were placed on a flat plate heat preservation instrument at 40°C for heating. The surface temperature of different fabrics during the heating period was measured by infrared thermometer. Data were recorded every 30 seconds. The test data are shown in Table 1.

[0035] (2) Cooling kinetics test: The vacuum oven was set to 40°C. The fabrics of the example and the comparative example were placed in the oven at the same time. After 1 hour, they were quickly taken out and placed on a flat heat preservation instrument to cool to room temperature. During the cooling period, the surface temperature of the fabrics was measured by an infrared thermometer. Data was recorded every 30 seconds. The test data are shown in Table 2.

[0036] Table 1. Temperature (T) of fabric during heating at different times (t). ; As shown in Table 1, during the heating stage, the temperature of the polyester fabric containing microcapsules was lower than that of the comparative fabric, indicating that its heating rate was slightly lower. This suggests that the n-eicosane in the temperature-regulating fabric undergoes a phase transition, and the endothermic melting of n-eicosane slows down the heating rate of the fabric. Comparative Examples A and B demonstrate that the addition of n-eicosane plays a major role in the intelligent temperature-regulating function of polyester fibers.

[0037] Table 2. Temperature (T) of fabric during cooling at different times (t). ; As shown in Table 2, during the cooling stage, the temperature of the polyester fabric with microcapsules was higher than that of the comparative fabric, indicating that its cooling rate was slightly lower. This suggests that during the temperature decrease of the temperature-regulating fabric, n-eicosane undergoes a phase transition, releasing a large amount of heat and slowing down the cooling rate. Comparative Examples A and B demonstrate that the addition of n-eicosane plays a major role in the intelligent temperature-regulating function of polyester fibers.

Claims

1. A method for preparing intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber based on melt spinning technology, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of microcapsules: eicosane, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile were stirred at 70-80℃ to obtain an oil phase; sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water were stirred at 30-40℃ to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase was added to the aqueous phase at 70-80℃ and emulsified into a homogeneous emulsion by high-speed stirring at 4500-8000 r / min. The emulsion was heated under nitrogen protection for 2-4 h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion; the prepared emulsion was spray-dried to obtain microcapsule powder. (2) Blending: Microcapsule powder and polyester granules are mixed in a ribbon mixer for 1-2 hours and cured for 3-5 hours. Then, the cured material is extruded and granulated in a twin-screw extruder to obtain rubber granules. Finally, the rubber granules are injection molded and extruded into granules at 200-230°C. (3) Spinning: Using the granules obtained in step (2) as raw materials, a melt spinning machine is used to spin intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fibers.

2. The method for preparing intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber based on melt spinning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the ratio of n-eicosane, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and deionized water is 1 g : (10-20) mL : (8-10) mL : (0.1-0.2) g : (0.1-0.2) g : (30-40) mL; the ratio of oil phase to water phase is 1 mL : (3-5) mL.

3. The method for preparing intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber based on melt spinning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of microcapsule powder to polyester particles in step (2) is 1g:(10-12)g; the temperature range of the twin-screw extruder is 200-220℃.

4. The method for preparing intelligent temperature-regulating polyester fiber based on melt spinning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the spinning temperature range of the melt spinning process is 220-250℃, the spinning speed is 2600-2800m / min, the spinneret is selected with 24 holes and a hole diameter of 0.25mm*0.75mm, and the ring blowing cooling method is adopted; the pump supply is controlled by the metering pump to be 22-24g / min during spinning.

5. A smart temperature-regulating polyester fiber prepared based on melt spinning technology, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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