A high noise reduction track damping fastener of a two-stage elastic element structure

Abstract

The application discloses a high-noise-reduction rail damping fastener with a two-stage elastic element structure and belongs to the technical field of railways. The rail damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad plate comprises an upper clamping plate, a frame body, a lower clamping plate, an elastic block and a positioning rib. The frame body is arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, a plurality of grid slots are arranged in the frame body, the positioning rib is arranged on the circumferential side of the elastic block, the positioning rib divides the working space into gap one and gap two, a damping gap that is communicated between gap one and gap two is arranged on the positioning rib, a cavity one and a cavity two that are crossed and connected are arranged in the elastic block, an opening one is arranged on one side of the elastic block that is opposite to gap one, and an opening two is arranged on one side of the elastic block that is opposite to gap two. The high-noise-reduction rail damping fastener with the two-stage elastic element structure can solve the problems that the dynamic stiffness of the existing damping fastener sharply increases under high-frequency vibration, the damping fastener becomes hard and the damping fails, the high-frequency vibration of the wheel and the rail and the structural noise cannot be effectively inhibited, and the noise reduction capacity is limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway technology, specifically to a high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure. Background Technology

[0002] The elasticity and damping of the rubber pads in existing track fastening systems mainly come from the inherent properties and structural form of the highly elastic rubber material. This high-noise-reducing track fastening system, which adopts a dual vibration reduction structure of rubber spring + composite rubber pad, is a high-performance vibration reduction product in the current rail transit field. Its core advantage is that it achieves excellent vibration reduction and noise reduction effect through the synergistic effect of two-stage elastic elements.

[0003] However, the dynamic stiffness of rubber increases sharply under high-frequency vibration, hardens, and the damping almost fails, making it unable to effectively suppress high-frequency vibration and structural noise of the wheel and rail, and its noise reduction capability is limited.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure, which can solve the problem that existing vibration damping fasteners have a rapidly increasing dynamic stiffness under high-frequency vibration, become hardened, and fail to damping, thus failing to effectively suppress high-frequency vibration and structural noise of the wheel and rail, and have limited noise reduction capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A high-noise-reducing track vibration-damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure is provided, characterized in that it includes a track vibration-damping and noise-reducing composite rubber pad. The track vibration-damping and noise-reducing composite rubber pad includes an upper clamping plate, a frame, a lower clamping plate, an elastic block, and positioning ribs. The upper and lower clamping plates are arranged opposite to and spaced apart. The frame is disposed between the upper and lower clamping plates. The frame has multiple slots, and the slots of the frame, together with the upper and lower clamping plates, form a structure suitable for accommodating elastic blocks. The working space of the block includes a positioning rib disposed on the periphery of the elastic block, which divides the working space into gap one and gap two. The positioning rib is provided with a damping gap connecting gap one and gap two. The elastic block is provided with a cross-connected cavity one and cavity two. On the side of the elastic block opposite to gap one, there is an opening one connecting cavity one. On the side of the elastic block opposite to gap two, there is an opening two connecting cavity two. Opening one is open in the initial state, and opening two is closed in the initial state.

[0007] Furthermore, when the elastic block is compressed, opening one is compressed and closed, while opening two opens from the closed state. The reduced volume of cavities one and two causes the damping fluid in cavities one and two to be squeezed from opening two into gap two. At the same time, the damping fluid in gap two enters gap one through the damping gap on the positioning rib. When the elastic block rebounds and recovers, opening one returns to its initial shape and opens, while opening two closes. Due to the recovery of the volume of cavities one and two, a negative pressure is formed in cavities one and two, attracting the damping fluid in gap one to enter cavities one and two through opening one. At the same time, it drives some of the damping fluid in gap two to enter gap one through the damping gap on the positioning rib.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper clamping plate, frame, and lower clamping plate are all made of rigid materials. The frame is fitted to the end face of the upper clamping plate near the lower clamping plate, and there is a gap between the frame and the lower clamping plate. An elastic sealing strip is provided between the frame and the lower clamping plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the frame includes multiple parallel vertical bars and multiple horizontal bars perpendicular to the vertical bars, forming the grid between adjacent vertical bars and adjacent horizontal bars. The elastic block has a square structure, and four positioning ribs are provided in each grid. The four positioning ribs are located at the four corners of the grid, so that the working space and the side of the elastic block and the adjacent two positioning ribs form a gap one or a gap two. Two cavities one are symmetrically arranged on the elastic block, and the inner ends of the two cavities one are connected. Two cavities two are also symmetrically arranged on the elastic block, and the inner ends of the two cavities two are connected. An opening one is provided on each of the two opposite side walls of the elastic block corresponding to gap one, and an opening two is provided on each of the two opposite side walls of the elastic block corresponding to gap two.

[0010] Furthermore, the opening is a flat structure, and the major axis of the cross-section of the opening is arranged in the transverse direction, that is, the minor axis of the opening is along the thickness direction of the elastic block. The cross-section of the cavity gradually narrows from the inner end of the cavity to the outer end of the cavity near the opening. The outer end of the cavity near the opening has the same cross-sectional shape as the opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the second opening has a flat structure, and the major axis of the cross-section of the second opening is set vertically, that is, the minor axis of the second opening is along the length direction of the elastic block. An elastic baffle is installed on the second opening, and the baffle has a slit. The slit extends along the thickness direction of the elastic block, and the baffle can return to the narrow state of the slit when the elastic block recovers its elasticity, so as to close the second opening through the baffle.

[0012] Furthermore, the grid located at the corner of the frame, together with the upper and lower clamping plates, forms a pumping space. The positioning ribs in the pumping space are not provided with damping gaps, that is, gap one and gap two are independent of each other. The side of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad is provided with a pipe one connecting gap one and a pipe two connecting gap two.

[0013] Furthermore, the track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad also includes a protective sleeve fitted over the track spike. The outer side of the protective sleeve is connected to a pipe three that connects to the inside of the protective sleeve. The pipe three is connected to the pipe two. The pipe one is connected to the main control pipe. The main control pipe can selectively switch to input various fluids to the pipe one of multiple track vibration damping fasteners.

[0014] Furthermore, the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad also includes a frame, which surrounds the periphery of the upper and lower clamping plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure also includes a lower rail pad, a lower plate pad, a floating rail pad, a rail spike, a spring clip, an insulating block, a T-bolt, and a rail pad. The lower rail pad and the floating rail pad are stacked on the sleeper from bottom to top. The lower plate pad is positioned between the lower rail pad and the sleeper. The lower end of the rail spike passes sequentially through the floating rail pad, the lower rail pad, and the lower plate pad and connects to the sleeper. The lower plate pad and the lower rail pad... The floating iron pad is anchored to the sleeper, the rail is located on top of the rail pad, the rail pad rests between the floating iron pad and the rail, the insulating block is fastened to the rail, one end of the elastic clip is fastened to the top of the insulating block, and the other end of the elastic clip is fastened to the top of the floating iron pad, the T-bolt is connected to the floating iron pad, and the nut connected to the T-bolt is held against the top of the elastic clip, and the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad is installed between the floating iron pad and the rail pad.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure, including a track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad. The track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad includes an upper clamping plate, a frame, a lower clamping plate, an elastic block, and positioning ribs. The upper and lower clamping plates are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart. The frame is disposed between the upper and lower clamping plates, and the frame has multiple slots. The slots of the frame, together with the upper and lower clamping plates, form a working space suitable for accommodating the elastic block. The positioning ribs are disposed on the periphery of the elastic block. The positioning ribs are elastic, dividing the working space into gap one and gap two. The positioning ribs have damping gaps connecting gap one and gap two. The elastic block has intersecting and connected cavities one and two. On the side of the elastic block opposite to gap one, there is an opening one connecting to cavity one; on the side of the elastic block opposite to gap two, there is an opening two connecting to cavity two. Opening one is initially open, and opening two is initially closed. When the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad is subjected to vibration and impact, specifically, when the elastic block is subjected to… During compression, opening one closes while opening two opens. The reduced volume of cavities one and two causes the damping fluid within them to be squeezed from opening two into gap two. Simultaneously, the damping fluid in gap two enters gap one through the damping gap on the positioning rib. When the elastic block rebounds, opening one returns to its initial shape and opens, while opening two closes. The volume recovery of cavities one and two creates a negative pressure that draws the damping fluid from gap one into cavities one and two through opening one, simultaneously... The damping fluid in the second gap of the moving part enters the first gap through the damping gap on the positioning rib. Thus, when the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad is subjected to vibration impact, the viscous friction, throttling and shearing action generated by the damping fluid flowing through the second opening and the damping gap are mainly used to convert the mechanical energy of vibration into heat energy dissipation, thereby rapidly attenuating vibration and reducing noise. This solves the problem that the existing track vibration reduction fasteners have a sharp increase in dynamic stiffness under high-frequency vibration, hardening and damping failure, and cannot effectively suppress high-frequency vibration and structural noise of wheel and rail, and have limited noise reduction capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a two-stage elastic element structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in use.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a two-stage elastic element structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1The diagram shows a high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure from another perspective.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of region E in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower iron pad provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the underplate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a road spike provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 An exploded view of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 For along Figure 8 A cross-sectional view along the FF direction.

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 11 An enlarged schematic diagram of area A in the middle shows one working state of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad.

[0030] Figure 13 along Figure 8 A cross-sectional view along the GG direction.

[0031] Figure 14 for Figure 12 The image shows another working state of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad.

[0032] Figure 15 A perspective view of an elastic block provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the invisible portion is shown in dashed lines.

[0033] Figure 16 for Figure 15 The elastic block shown is a perspective view from another angle.

[0034] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 100, sleeper; 101, embedded sleeve; 200, rail; 10, track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad; 11, upper clamping plate; 12, frame; 121, longitudinal bar; 122, transverse bar; 123, positioning protrusion; 124, grid groove; 13, lower clamping plate; 131, shaped hole; 14, elastic block; 141, cavity one; 1411, opening one; 142, cavity two; 1421, opening two; 143, baffle plate; 14 31. Gap; 15. Positioning rib; 16. Gap 1; 17. Gap 2; 18. Frame; 181. Pipeline 1; 182. Pipeline 2; 19. Sealing strip; 20. Lower iron pad; 21. Shoulder; 22. Connecting hole; 23. Underplate pad; 231. Groove; 30. Floating iron pad; 40. Rail spike; 41. Rubber spring; 50. Spring clip; 60. Insulating block; 70. T-bolt; 80. Rail pad; 90. Sheath; 91. Pipeline 3. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "connected to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0039] Throughout this specification, reference to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," or "in some of these embodiments" appear in various places throughout the specification, and not all refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 16 As shown, a high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure provided by the present invention will now be described, and will be... Figure 12 and Figure 14 The direction of the damping fluid is simply indicated by a dashed arrow. This high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure includes a track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10. The track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 includes an upper clamping plate 11, a frame 12, a lower clamping plate 13, an elastic block 14, and positioning ribs 15. The upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 13 are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart. The frame 12 is arranged between the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 13. The frame 12 has multiple slots 124. The slots 124 of the frame 12, together with the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 13, form a working space suitable for accommodating the elastic block 14. The positioning ribs 15 are arranged on the periphery of the elastic block 14. The positioning rib 15 is elastic and divides the working space into gap one 16 and gap two 17. The positioning rib 15 has a damping gap connecting gap one 16 and gap two 17. The elastic block 14 has intersecting and connected cavities one 141 and two cavities two 142. On the side of the elastic block 14 opposite to gap one 16, there is an opening one 1411 connecting to cavity one 141; on the side of the elastic block 14 opposite to gap two 17, there is an opening two 1421 connecting to cavity two 142. Opening one 1411 is initially open, and opening two 1421 is initially closed. When the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is subjected to vibration impact, such as... Figure 12 As shown, specifically, when the elastic block 14 is compressed, opening 1411 is compressed and closed, while opening 1421 opens from the closed state. The reduced volume of cavities 141 and 142 causes the damping fluid in cavities 141 and 142 to be squeezed from opening 1421 into gap 17. Simultaneously, the damping fluid in gap 17 enters gap 16 through the damping gap on the positioning rib 15; as shown... Figure 14As shown, when the elastic block 14 rebounds and recovers, opening 1411 returns to its initial shape and opens, while opening 1421 closes. Due to the volume recovery of cavity 141 and cavity 142, a negative pressure is formed in cavity 141 and cavity 142, attracting the damping fluid in gap 16 to enter cavity 141 and cavity 142 through opening 1411. At the same time, it drives some of the damping fluid in gap 17 to enter gap 16 through the damping gap on the positioning rib 15. Thus, when the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is subjected to vibration impact, the viscous friction, throttling, and shearing action generated by the damping fluid flowing through opening 1421 and the damping gap are mainly used to convert the vibration mechanical energy into heat energy dissipation, thereby rapidly attenuating vibration and reducing noise. This solves the problem that the existing track vibration reduction fasteners have a rapidly increasing dynamic stiffness under high-frequency vibration, become hard, and fail to damp, which cannot effectively suppress high-frequency vibration and structural noise of the wheel and rail, and have limited noise reduction capabilities.

[0041] like Figure 13 As shown, in some embodiments, the upper clamping plate 11, the frame 12, and the lower clamping plate 13 are all made of rigid materials. The frame 12 is attached to the end face of the upper clamping plate 11 near the lower clamping plate 13, and the frame 12 and the lower clamping plate 13 are spaced apart. In this way, when the track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is impacted and compressed, the relative displacement generated by the compression between the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 13 due to the presence of the frame 12 will be limited, thereby preventing the elastic block 14 from being excessively compressed and deformed. In other words, it plays a protective role for the elastic block 14. In addition, an elastic sealing strip 19 is provided between the frame 12 and the lower clamping plate 13 to isolate the damping fluid in the working space through the sealing strip 19, so as to prevent the damping fluid from flowing between different working spaces.

[0042] like Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the frame 12 includes a plurality of parallel vertical bars 121 and a plurality of horizontal bars 122 perpendicularly arranged on the vertical bars 121, thereby forming a grid 124 between adjacent two vertical bars 121 and between adjacent two horizontal bars 122. The elastic block 14 has a square structure, and four positioning ribs 15 are provided in each grid 124. The four positioning ribs 15 are respectively located at the four corners of the grid 124, so that the working space and the side of the elastic block 14 are adjacent to the adjacent The two positioning ribs 15 enclose each other to form a gap 16 or a gap 17. Two cavities 141 are symmetrically arranged on the elastic block 14, and the inner ends of the two cavities 141 are connected. Two cavities 142 are also symmetrically arranged on the elastic block 14, and the inner ends of the two cavities 142 are connected. An opening 1411 is provided on each of the two opposite side walls of the elastic block 14 corresponding to the gap 16, and an opening 1421 is provided on each of the two opposite side walls of the elastic block 14 corresponding to the gap 17.

[0043] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, a positioning protrusion 123 is provided on the side of the frame 12 near the lower clamping plate 13 and at the intersection of the longitudinal strip 121 and the transverse strip 122. The positioning protrusion 123 is elastic. A shaped hole 131 is provided on the lower clamping plate 13 extending along the thickness direction. The positioning protrusion 123 is inserted into the shaped hole 131. The insertion of the positioning protrusion 123 into the shaped hole 131 resists the horizontal sliding of the frame 12 relative to the lower clamping plate 13.

[0044] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in some embodiments, the opening 1411 is a flat structure, and the major axis of the cross-section of the opening 1411 is arranged laterally, that is, the minor axis of the opening 1411 is along the thickness direction of the elastic block 14. In this way, when the elastic block 14 is compressed, the minor axis of the opening 1411 will be rapidly compressed and reduced until the opening 1411 is closed because the minor axis is along the direction of compression. Specifically, the cross-section of the cavity 141 gradually shrinks from the inner end of the cavity 141 to the outer end of the cavity 141 near the opening 1411. In this embodiment, the outer end of the cavity 141 near the opening 1411 has the same cross-sectional shape as the opening 1411. This design ensures that the outer end of the cavity 141 is compressed and closed first when the elastic block 14 is squeezed. In addition, the reduction in cross-section of the cavity 141 near the outer end of the opening 1411 is conducive to damping the fluid flow and generating viscous friction. Specifically, in this embodiment, the opening 1411 is elliptical.

[0045] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in some embodiments, the second opening 1421 has a flat structure, and the major axis of the cross-section of the second opening 1421 is arranged vertically, that is, the minor axis of the second opening 1421 is along the length direction of the elastic block 14. Thus, when the elastic block 14 is compressed, the major axis of the second opening 1421 may deform and shorten because its major axis is along the compression direction. Simultaneously, the minor axis of the second opening 1421 will be stretched, making it difficult for the second opening 1421 to close. Specifically, an elastic baffle 143 is installed on the second opening 1421, and the baffle 143 is provided with a clamping device. The slit 1431 extends along the thickness direction of the elastic block 14. When the elastic block 14 is compressed, it will cause the baffle 143 to deform, increasing the width of the slit 1431 and opening the second opening 1421. The baffle 143 can also return to the narrow state of the slit 1431 when the elastic block 14 recovers its elasticity, so as to close the second opening 1421 and restrict the flow of fluid. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second opening 1421 is elliptical, and the baffle 143 is fixedly connected to the elastic block 14 by ultrasonic welding.

[0046] like Figure 12 and Figure 14 As shown, in some embodiments, the slot 124 located at the corner of the frame 12, together with the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 13, forms a pumping space. No damping gap is provided on the positioning rib 15 in the pumping space, meaning that gap one 16 and gap two 17 are independent of each other. The side of the track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is provided with a pipe one 181 connecting gap one 16 and a pipe two 182 connecting gap two 17. Thus, when the elastic block 14 in the pumping space is compressed, opening one 1411 is compressed and closed, while opening two 1421 opens from the closed state. The reduced compression volume of cavities one 141 and two 142 causes the fluid in cavities one 141 and two 142 to be squeezed from opening two 1421 into gap two 17. Simultaneously, the fluid in gap two 17 is output through pipe two 182. Figure 14 As shown, when the elastic block 14 in the pumping space rebounds and recovers, opening 1411 returns to its initial shape and opens, while opening 1421 closes. Due to the volume recovery of cavity 141 and cavity 142, a negative pressure is formed in cavity 141 and cavity 142, attracting fluid in gap 16 and pipe 181 to enter cavity 141 and cavity 142 through opening 1411. Therefore, the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 provided in this embodiment can also pump fluid in pipe 181 to pipe 182 through the pumping space when subjected to vibration impact, so as to achieve multiple functions. More specifically, in this embodiment, the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 also includes a sleeve 90 fitted outside the track spike 40. The outside of the sleeve 90 is connected to a pipe 91 that communicates with the inside of the sleeve 90. Pipe 91 is connected to pipe 182. Pipeline 181 is connected to the main control pipeline. The main control pipeline can select and switch to input various fluids to pipes 181 of multiple track vibration damping fasteners. For example, inputting fluid medium into the sheath 90 through pipe 181 can provide heat insulation for the track spike 40, preventing the track spike 40 from brittle fracture due to ambient temperature. It can be understood that a flow gap is formed between the sheath 90 and the track spike 40, and the flow gap opens upward and communicates with the external environment, allowing the fluid medium to overflow for easy recycling. It can also fully utilize vibration and impact machinery to achieve pumping and transfer. It can also be understood that the flow rate of the overflowing fluid in the sheath 90 can be detected to determine whether the track vibration damping fasteners on which the track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is installed are abnormal. For example, a loose track vibration damping fastener will cause an abnormal flow rate of the overflowing fluid in the sheath 90, thereby accurately determining the location of the abnormal track vibration damping fastener.

[0047] like Figure 9 and Figure 11As shown, in some embodiments, the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 also includes a frame 18, which surrounds the periphery of the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 13 to seal off external impurities. In addition, it is also used for the docking of pipe one 181 and pipe two 182. In this embodiment, the frame 18 is made of flexible material.

[0048] In addition, the deformation of the elastic block 14 under stress can also provide some vibration reduction. The elastic block 14 mainly provides elastic support for the deformation of cavity one 141 and cavity two 142, while most of the pressure is shared by the damping fluid and released through flow. This makes the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention more linear and gentle in stiffness when applied to track vibration reduction fasteners. Compared with traditional rubber pads, it will not have a sharp increase in stiffness under high pressure, which would lead to a deterioration in vibration reduction effect.

[0049] The damping fluid can share part of the load, preventing the elastic block 14 from being in a state of extreme compression for a long time. Moreover, the stiffness of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 can be adjusted by replacing the elastic block 14 with one of different structural hardness. The damping magnitude can be adjusted by adjusting the flow cross section of the opening 1411, the opening 1421, and the damping gap, or by adjusting the viscosity of the damping fluid, such as using magnetorheological damping fluid, to achieve diverse performance designs. Through the above technical designs, the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 can be adapted to various application scenarios such as light load, heavy load, subway, high-speed rail, and bridge.

[0050] In addition, since the damping fluid converts mechanical energy into heat energy, it can locally compensate for the effects of low ambient temperature through its own heating. Furthermore, the damping fluid's encapsulation and isolation of the elastic block 14 can also delay the aging of the elastic block 14.

[0051] like Figures 1-7As shown, in some embodiments, the high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure provided by the present invention further includes a lower rail pad 20, a lower plate pad 23, a floating rail pad 30, a rail spike 40, an elastic clip 50, an insulating block 60, a T-bolt 70, and a rail pad 80. The lower rail pad 20 and the floating rail pad 30 are stacked on the sleeper 100 from bottom to top. The lower plate pad 23 is disposed between the lower rail pad 20 and the sleeper 100. The lower end of the rail spike 40 passes sequentially through the floating rail pad 30, the lower rail pad 20, and the lower plate pad 23 and connects to the sleeper 100, anchoring the lower plate pad 23, the lower rail pad 20, and the floating rail pad 30 to the sleeper 100. The rail 200 is located on top of the rail pad 80, and the rail pad 80 rests against the floating rail pad. Between the rail 200 and the floating iron pad 30, the insulating block 60 is fastened to the rail 200, one end of the elastic clip 50 is fastened to the top of the insulating block 60, and the other end of the elastic clip 50 is fastened to the top of the floating iron pad 30. The T-bolt 70 is connected to the floating iron pad 30, and the nut 71 connected to the T-bolt 70 abuts against the top of the elastic clip 50, so that the rail 200 is pressed down onto the floating iron pad 30 by the T-bolt 70 through the elastic clip 50. Since the floating iron pad 30 is anchored to the sleeper 100, the rail 200 is fastened to the sleeper 100. The track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is installed between the floating iron pad 30 and the under-plate pad 23. The track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 absorbs vibration between the rail 200 and the sleeper 100.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the lower iron pad 20 has a frame structure, and the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is nested in the inner ring of the lower iron pad 20. On the one hand, the lower iron pad 20 plays a role in horizontally limiting the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10. On the other hand, the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 is directly sandwiched between the lower iron pad 23 and the floating iron pad 30. The force deformation of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad 10 allows the rail 200 and the floating iron pad 30 to float relative to the lower iron pad 20 and the sleeper 100.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the upper end of the lower iron pad 20 and the positions on both sides are provided with shoulders 21. The shoulders 21 abut against the outer side of the floating iron pad 30, so as to limit and block the floating iron pad 30 by means of the shoulders 21 along the length direction perpendicular to the rail 200. Specifically, an elastic pad is also provided between the shoulders 21 and the floating iron pad 30.

[0054] like Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the lower iron pad 20 has connecting holes 22 on both sides corresponding to the rail spike 40, so that the rail spike 40 can be inserted through.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the underplate 23 has slots 231 on both sides for the rail spikes 40 to pass through.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a rubber spring 41 is fitted on the track spike 40. The rubber spring 41 is pressed against the floating iron pad 30 by the track spike 40, so that the track spike 40 can anchor the floating iron pad 30 to the sleeper 100 while also providing a certain vibration reduction effect on the floating iron pad 30.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a pre-embedded sleeve 101 is embedded and fixed inside the sleeper 100, and the lower end of the track spike 40 extends into the sleeper 100 and is fixedly connected to the pre-embedded sleeve 101.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the insulating block 60 has an L-shaped structure and abuts against the upper and outer sides of the rail base corner of the rail 200. Specifically, the rail vibration damping fastener includes two insulating blocks 60, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail 200.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the lower end of the sheath 90 is sealed and pressed against the bottom of the lower iron pad 20 or the lower plate pad 23, and the upper end of the sheath 90 may, but is not limited to, be sleeved on the threaded part of the rail spike 40, and there is a non-sealed connection between the upper end of the sheath 90 and the rail spike 40.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure, characterized in that: The invention includes a track vibration damping and noise reduction composite rubber pad. The pad comprises an upper clamping plate, a frame, a lower clamping plate, an elastic block, and positioning ribs. The upper and lower clamping plates are arranged opposite each other and spaced apart. The frame is positioned between the upper and lower clamping plates and has multiple slots. These slots, along with the upper and lower clamping plates, form a working space suitable for accommodating the elastic block. The positioning ribs are located around the elastic block, dividing the working space into two gaps. Each positioning rib has a damping gap connecting the two gaps. The elastic block has two intersecting and connected cavities, namely Cavity 1 and Cavity 2. An opening 1 connecting to Cavity 1 is located on one side of the elastic block opposite to Cavity 1, and an opening 2 connecting to Cavity 2 is located on the other side of the elastic block opposite to Cavity 2. Initially, Opening 1 is open, and Opening 2 is closed. When the elastic block is compressed, Opening 1 closes, and simultaneously, Opening 2 opens. The reduced volume of Cavities 1 and 2 causes the damping fluid within them to be forced from Opening 2 into Cavity 2. Simultaneously, the damping fluid in Cavity 2... The fluid enters gap one through the damping gap on the positioning rib, and when the elastic block rebounds, opening one returns to its initial shape and opens, while opening two closes. Due to the volume recovery of cavity one and cavity two, a negative pressure is formed in cavity one and cavity two, attracting the damping fluid in gap one to enter cavity one and cavity two through opening one. At the same time, it drives some of the damping fluid in gap two to enter gap one through the damping gap on the positioning rib. The frame includes multiple parallel vertical bars and multiple horizontal bars hanging on the vertical bars, which enclose the grid between two adjacent vertical bars and between two adjacent horizontal bars. The elastic block has a square structure, and four positioning ribs are provided in each slot. The four positioning ribs are located at the four corners of the slot, so that the working space is formed by the side of the elastic block and the two adjacent positioning ribs to form a gap one or a gap two. Two cavities one are symmetrically arranged on the elastic block, and the inner ends of the two cavities one are connected. Two cavities two are also symmetrically arranged on the elastic block, and the inner ends of the two cavities two are connected. An opening one is provided on each of the two opposite side walls of the elastic block corresponding to gap one, and an opening two is provided on each of the two opposite side walls of the elastic block corresponding to gap two.

2. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamping plate, frame, and lower clamping plate are all made of rigid materials. The frame is fitted to the end face of the upper clamping plate near the lower clamping plate. The frame and the lower clamping plate are spaced apart. An elastic sealing strip is provided between the frame and the lower clamping plate.

3. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening is a flat structure, and the long axis of the cross-section of the opening is set in the transverse direction, that is, the short axis of the opening is along the thickness direction of the elastic block. The cross-section of the cavity gradually narrows from the inner end of the cavity to the outer end of the cavity near the opening. The outer end of the cavity near the opening has the same cross-sectional shape as the opening.

4. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second opening has a flat structure, and the major axis of the cross-section of the second opening is set vertically, that is, the minor axis of the second opening is along the length direction of the elastic block. An elastic baffle is installed on the second opening, and the baffle has a slit. The slit extends along the thickness direction of the elastic block, and the baffle can return to the narrow state of the slit when the elastic block recovers its elasticity, so as to close the second opening through the baffle.

5. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid located at the corner of the frame, together with the upper and lower clamping plates, forms a pumping space. The positioning ribs in the pumping space do not have damping gaps, meaning that gap one and gap two are independent of each other. The side of the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad is provided with a pipe one connecting gap one and a pipe two connecting gap two.

6. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad also includes a protective sleeve fitted over the track spike. The outer side of the protective sleeve is connected to a pipe three that connects to the inside of the protective sleeve. The pipe three is connected to the pipe two. The pipe one is connected to the main control pipe. The main control pipe can selectively switch to input various fluids to the pipe one of multiple track vibration reduction fasteners.

7. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad also includes a frame, which surrounds the periphery of the upper and lower clamping plates.

8. The high-noise reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-noise-reduction track vibration damping fastener with a dual-stage elastic element structure further includes a lower rail pad, a lower plate pad, a floating rail pad, a rail spike, an elastic clip, an insulating block, a T-bolt, and a rail pad. The lower rail pad and the floating rail pad are stacked on the sleeper from bottom to top. The lower plate pad is placed between the lower rail pad and the sleeper. The lower end of the rail spike passes sequentially through the floating rail pad, the lower rail pad, and the lower plate pad and connects to the sleeper. The lower plate pad, the lower rail pad, and the floating rail pad are then connected together. The iron pad is anchored to the sleeper, the rail is located on top of the rail pad, the rail pad rests between the floating iron pad and the rail, the insulating block is fastened to the rail, one end of the elastic clip is fastened to the top of the insulating block, and the other end of the elastic clip is fastened to the top of the floating iron pad, the T-bolt is connected to the floating iron pad, and the nut connected to the T-bolt is held against the top of the elastic clip, and the track vibration reduction and noise reduction composite rubber pad is installed between the floating iron pad and the under-plate pad.

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