A kind of open-pit mining slope stable support protection framework

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mining slope support, and discloses a kind of open-pit mining slope stable support protection framework, including ore body step type slope body, several anchor rods and the multiple protective nets of being fixed with anchor rod and being supported and protected on ore body step type slope body, further include: fastening module is provided with multiple, installed on anchor rod;Connecting assembly is installed on ore body step type slope body, and one end thereof is connected with fastening module.The present application cooperates with the structure of anchor rod, protective net, fastening module, connecting assembly, rod body, first steel bandage, second steel bandage and positioning ring, rope, effectively solves the problem that the bearing capacity of traditional layered independent protective net is weak, the fault tolerance of protection is low, it is easy to relax and fall off, and the problem that the blind area of protection is large, significantly improves the overall stability and protection reliability of open-pit mining step type slope body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining slope support technology, specifically a slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mining often employs a stepped, layered excavation process, resulting in multi-tiered stepped slopes. These slopes are subject to multiple factors, including blasting vibrations, mechanical compaction, rainwater erosion, and weathering, leading to a loose rock structure and well-developed fissures. This makes them highly susceptible to safety hazards such as falling rocks, localized collapses, and slope slippage, making them one of the main safety risks in open-pit mining operations. To ensure safety during mining and transportation operations, the industry currently widely adopts a layered protective netting approach for stepped slope protection. Independent protective netting is installed layer by layer according to the slope's stepped sections, achieving rockfall interception and rock mass restraint protection for each stepped slope.

[0003] Currently, conventional open-pit mine slope protection structures all adopt a single-stage, independent protection layout. Each level of the protective netting is independent and self-contained, providing only localized protection for the corresponding step slope. There is a lack of reliable, rigid, interconnected structures between adjacent layers of protective netting. While this layout is convenient to construct and suitable for conventional step slope layouts, in actual mine applications, because each layer of protective netting bears the load independently without overall interconnected load-bearing capacity, when local rock loosening, large rockfalls, or small-scale slippage occur on the slope, the load is borne solely by a single layer of protective netting. This fails to distribute impact loads and deformation stresses to adjacent protective structures, making individual netting prone to overload deformation, tensile loosening, and failure, significantly reducing the protection's fault tolerance. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining, comprising a stepped slope body, several anchor bolts, and multiple protective nets fixed by the anchor bolts and supporting the stepped slope body, further comprising:

[0006] Multiple fastening modules are provided and installed on the anchor bolts;

[0007] A connecting component is installed on the stepped slope body of the ore body, and one end of it is connected to the fastening module.

[0008] The connecting component includes a pressing member installed on the stepped slope body of the ore body. One side of each end of the pressing member is provided with a positioning member for fastening the upper protective net, and the other side of each end of the pressing member is provided with a second rigid binding strap for fastening the lower protective net.

[0009] The pressing component includes a rod body, and both sides of the inner cavity of the rod body are slidably connected to top rods for limiting the positioning component. The adjacent ends of the two top rods are provided with bevels and are abutting against pressure blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the top rod and the rod body are elastically connected by a first spring, the pressure block abuts against the beveled ends of the two top rods, and the two sides of the pressure block are bolted to the rod body by second bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning element includes a first rigid strap that is tightly fastened to the upper protective netting, and one end of the first rigid strap is in contact with the side wall of the pole.

[0012] Preferably, a second positioning pin is movably connected to both sides of the rod, and the lower end of the second positioning pin passes through the first rigid strap and locks its position.

[0013] The bottom end of the second positioning pin is inserted into the interior of the stepped slope body of the ore body.

[0014] Preferably, a pad is fixedly connected to one end of the second positioning pin in the inner cavity of the rod, the pad is movably connected to the inner cavity of the rod, and the top end of the pad is in contact with the bottom surface of the top rod.

[0015] The outer wall of the second positioning pin is movably sleeved with a second spring. The top end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the rod, and the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the pad.

[0016] Preferably, the second rigid strap is symmetrically fixed to the rod body by bolts.

[0017] Preferably, the fastening module includes a fixing post threaded to the end of the anchor rod, a positioning ring threaded to the outer wall of the fixing post, and a rope wound around the positioning ring.

[0018] Preferably, both sides of the positioning ring are rotatably connected to a three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover. One set of the three-stage telescopic rotating protective covers is fixedly connected to the anchor rod at the end away from the positioning ring, and the other set of the three-stage telescopic rotating protective covers is fixedly connected to the fixed column at the end away from the positioning ring.

[0019] Preferably, a circular plate is fixed to the end of the fixed column away from the anchor rod, and the circular plate and the positioning ring are locked in position by a first bolt.

[0020] Preferably, the rope is right-angled, and the right-angle end is slidably limited and connected to a first positioning pin, the bottom end of the first positioning pin being pointed and inserted into the interior of the stepped slope body of the ore body;

[0021] The end of the rope away from the positioning ring is fixedly connected to a fixing seat, and the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the rod body.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention addresses the technical shortcomings of existing open-pit mine stepped slope protection structures, such as single-layer independent protection, lack of overall linkage, single stress, and susceptibility to local failure, by setting up anchor bolts, protective nets, fastening modules, connecting components, rods, first rigid binding straps, second rigid binding straps, positioning rings, and ropes. It achieves integrated linkage protection of multi-level stepped slope protection structures, effectively solving the problems of weak load-bearing capacity, low protection fault tolerance, easy loosening and falling off, and large protection blind spots of traditional layered independent protective nets, and significantly improving the overall stability and protection reliability of the open-pit mine stepped slope.

[0024] This invention utilizes a first and a second rigid binding strap in conjunction with a rod to achieve a rigid linkage connection between adjacent layers of protective netting, thus constructing a unified load-bearing system from multiple layers of dispersed protective netting. When the slope experiences rock loosening, rockfall impact, or minor local slippage deformation, the impact load and deformation stress in the affected area can be quickly dispersed and transferred to the upper and lower layers of protective structures and anchor bolt foundations through the connecting components. This avoids overload deformation, tensile loosening, and failure due to a single protective netting bearing the load alone, significantly improving the impact resistance and deformation tolerance of the protective structure, and effectively solving the problems of stress concentration and protective faulting after local failure in traditional independent protective structures.

[0025] This invention features an adjustable fastening module. Through the interaction of the positioning ring, rope, and fixing seat, the overall structural tension can be flexibly adjusted according to the slope of the slope, the flatness of the rock mass, and the on-site protection conditions. Pushing and rotating the positioning ring tightens the rope, and pulling the rod achieves adaptive tension of the overall structure. This effectively eliminates the defects of looseness and poor fit to the slope after the protective net is laid, ensuring that the protective net always fits tightly against the slope surface and preventing gaps and rockfall escape hazards caused by net looseness. Furthermore, after adjustment, the positioning ring can be locked with the circular plate and the first bolt to maintain structural tension for a long time, preventing loosening and displacement over long-term use, and significantly improving protective stability and durability.

[0026] This invention employs a multi-stage rigid locking reinforcement structure. A second locating pin is used to insert and lock the first rigid strapping band. This, combined with a pressure block to compress the top rod and a pad to disperse the compressive stress, culminates in the locking of the top rod with a second bolt, forming a multi-stage mechanical locking structure. This structure effectively limits the offset, retraction, and loosening of the rigid strapping band, preventing connection point detachment and failure. Simultaneously, the pad prevents localized stress concentration that could cause structural deformation and damage, significantly improving the structural rigidity and load-bearing stability of the connecting components. This ensures the integrity of the interconnected structure of the upper and lower protective nets and is suitable for complex stress conditions such as mine blasting vibrations and mechanical crushing. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall planar structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a detailed structural diagram of the connection component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening module and the second rigid strap of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a detailed structural diagram of the fastening module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second rigid straps of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 100. Mine body stepped slope body; 200. Anchor bolts; 300. Protective netting;

[0037] 400. Fastening module; 410. Fixing column; 420. Positioning ring; 430. Three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover; 440. Circular plate; 450. First bolt; 460. Rope; 470. First positioning pin; 480. Fixing base;

[0038] 500. Connecting assembly; 510. Pressing element; 511. Rod body; 512. Pressure block; 513. Second bolt; 514. Top rod; 515. First spring; 520. Positioning element; 521. First rigid strap; 522. Second positioning pin; 523. Second spring; 524. Pad; 530. Second rigid strap. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining, including a stepped slope body 100, a plurality of anchor bolts 200, and a plurality of protective nets 300 fixed by the anchor bolts 200 and supporting and protecting the stepped slope body 100. It also includes:

[0041] Multiple fastening modules 400 are provided and installed on the anchor bolt 200;

[0042] The connecting component 500 is installed on the ore body stepped slope body 100, and one end of it is connected to the fastening module 400.

[0043] The connecting component 500 includes a pressing member 510 installed on the ore body stepped slope body 100. One side of each end of the pressing member 510 is provided with a positioning member 520 for fastening the upper protective net 300, and the other side of each end of the pressing member 510 is provided with a second rigid binding strap 530 for fastening the lower protective net 300.

[0044] The pressing member 510 includes a rod body 511. Both sides of the inner cavity of the rod body 511 are slidably connected to push rods 514 for limiting the positioning member 520. The adjacent ends of the two push rods 514 are provided with bevels and are abutted by pressure blocks 512.

[0045] The above solution is adopted: By adding a fastening module 400 and a connecting component 500, the multi-layer protective net 300 on the surface of the ore body stepped slope 100 can be connected, positioned and fixed. Compared with the traditional single fixed structure, it can effectively improve the fit between the protective net 300 and the slope body, reduce the loosening and displacement of the protective net 300, and improve the stability and adaptability of the overall slope protection.

[0046] The push rod 514 is elastically connected to the rod body 511 by the first spring 515. The pressure block 512 abuts against the beveled ends of the two push rods 514, and the two sides of the pressure block 512 are bolted to the rod body 511 by the second bolt 513.

[0047] The above solution achieves an elastic connection between the push rod 514 and the rod body 511 through the first spring 515, enabling the push rod 514 to have the ability to self-adaptively extend and retract. With the abutment structure between the pressure block 512 and the angled end of the push rod 514, the assembly position of the pressure block 512 can be controlled by adjusting the second bolt 513, thereby driving the push rod 514 to extend and retract to complete the limit adjustment. The overall structure has strong linkage, which can reduce the difficulty of positioning and adjustment. At the same time, the elastic structure can buffer the squeezing force generated by slight deformation of the slope and improve the durability of the pressing part 510.

[0048] The positioning component 520 includes a first rigid strap 521 that is fastened to the upper protective net 300, with one end of the first rigid strap 521 in contact with the side wall of the pole 511.

[0049] The above solution employs a first rigid binding strap 521 to secure the upper protective net 300. The rigid material provides good structural strength, effectively restraining the corners of the upper protective net 300 and reducing the occurrence of localized lifting or detachment. Simultaneously, the first rigid binding strap 521 and the side wall of the pole 511 have a movable contact structure, allowing for fine-tuning of the fit position according to the tightness of the upper protective net 300's installation, adapting to the slight unevenness of the slope surface, and improving the fixing and fitting effect of the upper protective net 300.

[0050] The rod body 511 is movably connected to both sides by a second positioning pin 522. The lower end of the second positioning pin 522 passes through the first rigid strap 521 and locks its position.

[0051] The bottom end of the second positioning pin 522 is inserted into the interior of the ore body stepped slope body 100.

[0052] The above solution is adopted: the position is locked by the second positioning pin 522 that passes through the first rigid strap 521. At the same time, the bottom end of the second positioning pin 522 is inserted into the body of the stepped slope 100 of the mine body. The first rigid strap 521, the rod 511 and the slope body can form an integrated fixed structure, which effectively restricts the slippage and displacement of the first rigid strap 521 and further improves the fixing firmness of the upper protective net 300. The overall positioning structure is simple and convenient for rapid on-site assembly and construction.

[0053] The second positioning pin 522 is fixed to one end of the inner cavity of the rod 511 with a pad 524. The pad 524 is movably connected to the inner cavity of the rod 511, and the top of the pad 524 is in contact with the bottom surface of the top rod 514.

[0054] The outer wall of the second positioning pin 522 is movably sleeved with a second spring 523. The top end of the second spring 523 is fixedly connected to the inside of the rod 511, and the bottom end of the second spring 523 is fixedly connected to the top of the pad 524.

[0055] The above solution utilizes a pad 524 to achieve the contact linkage between the push rod 514 and the second positioning pin 522. The extension and retraction of the push rod 514 can compress the pad 524, thereby controlling the insertion depth of the second positioning pin 522 and enabling flexible switching between locking and unlocking. Combined with the elastic restoring effect of the second spring 523, the second positioning pin 522 can maintain a stable insertion state when there is no external force, while also buffering the impact force brought by slope vibration, reducing the probability of the second positioning pin 522 becoming loose, and improving the stability of the structure.

[0056] The second rigid strap 530 is symmetrically fixed to the rod 511 by bolts.

[0057] The above solution employs a bolted symmetrical fixing assembly method for the second rigid strap 530, which can stably and tightly fasten the lower protective net 300. Together with the positioning component 520, it forms a layered fixing structure for the upper and lower protective nets 300, effectively avoiding the problem of multiple protective nets 300 overlapping and shifting. At the same time, the bolt fixing structure facilitates the later disassembly and replacement of the second rigid strap 530, reducing the maintenance cost of the protective structure and adapting to the needs of long-term slope protection operations.

[0058] The fastening module 400 includes a fixing post 410 threadedly connected to the end of the anchor rod 200, a positioning ring 420 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing post 410, and a rope 460 wound on the positioning ring 420.

[0059] The above scheme adopts a threaded connection structure for the fixed column 410, anchor rod 200, and positioning ring 420. The installation position and height of the positioning ring 420 can be finely adjusted according to the actual needs of slope protection, adapting to the stepped slope body 100 of the mine body with different slopes. The positioning ring 420 can be used to wind and store the rope 460, which can flexibly adjust and store the length of the rope 460, making it easier to complete the pulling and fixing of the overall protection structure with the connecting component 500, and improving the overall adaptability and adjustment capability of the structure.

[0060] Both sides of the positioning ring 420 are rotatably connected to a three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover 430. One end of the three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover 430 away from the positioning ring 420 is fixedly connected to the anchor rod 200, and the other end of the three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover 430 away from the positioning ring 420 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 410.

[0061] The above solution involves using a three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover 430 to enclose the threaded connection parts, effectively blocking external impurities such as dust, gravel, and rainwater in open-pit mining environments. This reduces corrosion, jamming, and wear at the threaded connections of the fixed column 410, positioning ring 420, and anchor rod 200, protecting the integrity of the threaded structure. Simultaneously, the telescopic rotating design does not interfere with the thread adjustment of the positioning ring 420, ensuring adjustment flexibility while extending the outdoor service life of the fastening module 400.

[0062] A circular plate 440 is fixed to one end of the fixed column 410 away from the anchor rod 200. The circular plate 440 and the positioning ring 420 are locked in position by the first bolt 450.

[0063] The above solution utilizes the circular plate 440 and the first bolt 450 to lock the position of the adjusted positioning ring 420. This effectively limits the self-displacement of the positioning ring 420 under long-term stress and vibration conditions, ensuring the stability of the position of the positioning ring 420. This, in turn, ensures that the tension of the rope 460 remains stable, preventing the protective net 300 from becoming loose due to the displacement of the positioning ring 420, and improving the reliability of the overall protective structure.

[0064] The rope 460 is right-angled, and the right-angle end is connected to the first positioning pin 470 for sliding limit. The bottom end of the first positioning pin 470 is pointed and inserted into the interior of the ore body stepped slope body 100.

[0065] The end of the rope 460 away from the positioning ring 420 is fixedly connected to a fixing seat 480, and the fixing seat 480 is fixedly connected to the rod body 511.

[0066] The above scheme employs a right-angled rope 460 with a first positioning pin 470 for insertion and limiting, which constrains the pulling angle and position of the rope 460, reduces the force deviation and swaying of the rope 460, and ensures uniform pulling force. At the same time, the rope 460 is fixed to the rod 511 through the fixing seat 480, so that the fastening module 400 and the connecting component 500 form a stable pulling whole, which can provide auxiliary tension support for the slope protection structure and further enhance the ore body stepped slope body 100 and the protective net 300.

[0067] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0068] First, relying on existing mature slope anchoring technology, anchor bolts 200 are vertically driven into the pre-set anchoring points of the stepped slope body 100, ensuring that the anchor bolts 200 penetrate deep into the stable rock layer of the slope, guaranteeing the basic anchoring strength, and avoiding the problems of shallow anchoring loosening and falling off. After the anchor bolts 200 are installed in place, the protective netting 300 corresponding to each step is laid flat and attached to the slope surface. After aligning the installation points, the protective netting 300 is locked to the end of the corresponding anchor bolt 200, so that the single-layer protective netting 300 is initially fixed to the surface of the stepped slope, completing the basic layout of the single-stage slope protection structure and providing a basic carrier for subsequent linkage connection between upper and lower layers.

[0069] After the single-layer protective netting 300 is fully installed, the rigid connection between the lower protective netting and the middle pole structure is carried out. A second rigid strap 530 is taken and one end is securely fastened to a pre-set connection point on the lower protective netting 300, ensuring a snug fit and no loosening or shifting, and guaranteeing precise stress points. Then, the other end of the second rigid strap 530 is attached to the fixed area of ​​the pole 511, and the connection is tightened using matching locking bolts, achieving a rigid connection between the lower protective netting 300 and the pole 511, constructing the lower load-bearing support structure, and laying the foundation for overall coordinated protection.

[0070] Secondly, the positioning ring 420 is manually pushed towards the anchor bolt 200. The positioning ring 420 rotates adaptively while being moved under force. During the rotation of the positioning ring 420, the matching rope 460 is continuously tightened. The other end of the rope 460 passes through the fixing seat 480 and is stably connected to the rod body 511. Under the contraction of the rope 460, the rod body 511 is continuously pulled, ensuring that the rod body 511, the upper and lower straps, and the protective net maintain uniform tension, effectively eliminating the problems of looseness and insufficient fit of the protective net. During construction, the movement distance and rotation angle of the positioning ring 420 can be flexibly adjusted according to the slope of the step slope, the flatness of the rock mass, and the protection requirements, precisely controlling the tension of the overall structure and adapting to the protection requirements of different slope conditions. After the tension is adjusted to the preset standard, the circular plate 440 and the positioning ring 420 are locked and fixed using the first bolt 450, locking the position of the positioning ring 420 and preventing displacement of the positioning ring 420 and loosening of the rope 460 during subsequent use, ensuring the stability of the tensioned structure.

[0071] Next, the two sets of first rigid straps 521 are symmetrically hooked onto the preset connection positions on both sides of the upper protective net 300, ensuring that the straps on both sides are symmetrically stressed and neatly arranged. Then, the lower ends of the first rigid straps 521 are fitted and connected to the corresponding contact positions of the pole 511. According to the on-site tension requirements and the preset hole spacing, the second positioning pin 522 is pressed down, so that the second positioning pin 522 is precisely inserted into the positioning hole that matches the first rigid strap 521, completing the initial locking and fixing of the first rigid strap 521 and the pole 511. Then, the pressure block 512 is manually pressed down, so that the bottom end of the pressure block 512 continuously presses against the two sets of symmetrically arranged top rods 514. Under the pressure of the pressure block 512, the two top rods 514 move in opposite directions in a straight line, and the outer ends of the top rods 514 are finally tightly pressed against the top surface of the pad 524. The pad 524 disperses the compressive stress of the top rods 514, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause structural deformation. After the top rod 514 is in place, the positions of the two sets of top rods 514 are locked and fixed by the second bolt 513, locking the support state of the top rods 514 to prevent the top rods from retracting or shifting, and ensuring the rigidity and stability of the overall support structure. At this point, the upper and lower protective nets form an integrated linkage structure through the connecting component 500 and the fastening module 400, completing the overall support and protection layout of the stepped slope.

[0072] It should be further noted that the dimensions of the connecting component 500 and fastening module 400 in the illustration are enlarged to match the actual dimensions used in construction applications, resulting in a visual difference. In actual mine construction scenarios, the connecting component 500 and fastening module 400 can be flexibly adapted and adjusted in terms of overall size, specifications, and materials according to the actual needs of the open-pit mine bench slope, such as height, slope, rock hardness, and mining conditions. The structure is highly adaptable and will not occupy effective lateral space on the slope, interfere with the normal use of the lateral end of the slope, or disrupt mining operations. Furthermore, all exposed structural components undergo professional waterproofing and corrosion protection treatment, and rubber gaskets are installed at all contact and connection points. This effectively prevents structural failure caused by rainwater erosion and weathering corrosion, and also buffers structural wear caused by rock deformation and rockfall impacts, significantly improving the service life and operational stability of the overall protective structure, making it suitable for the complex and harsh operating environment of open-pit mines.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0074] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining, comprising a stepped slope body (100), a plurality of anchor bolts (200), and a plurality of protective nets (300) fixed by the anchor bolts (200) and supporting and protecting the stepped slope body (100), characterized in that: Also includes: Multiple fastening modules (400) are provided and installed on the anchor bolt (200); A connecting component (500) is installed on the ore body stepped slope body (100), and one end of it is connected to the fastening module (400); The connecting component (500) includes a pressing member (510) installed on the stepped slope body (100) of the ore body. One side of each end of the pressing member (510) is provided with a positioning member (520) for fastening the upper protective net (300), and the other side of each end of the pressing member (510) is provided with a second rigid binding strap (530) for fastening the lower protective net (300). The pressing member (510) includes a rod (511), and both sides of the inner cavity of the rod (511) are slidably connected to a top rod (514) for limiting the positioning member (520). The adjacent ends of the two top rods (514) are provided with an angle and are connected to a pressing block (512).

2. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top rod (514) and the rod body (511) are elastically connected by a first spring (515). The pressure block (512) abuts against the oblique ends of the two top rods (514), and the two sides of the pressure block (512) are bolted to the rod body (511) by a second bolt (513).

3. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component (520) includes a first rigid strap (521) that is fastened to the upper protective net (300), and one end of the first rigid strap (521) is in contact with the side wall of the pole (511).

4. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod (511) is movably connected to both sides by a second positioning pin (522), the lower end of which passes through the first rigid strap (521) and locks its position. The bottom end of the second positioning pin (522) is inserted into the interior of the ore body stepped slope body (100).

5. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second positioning pin (522) is fixed to a pad (524) at one end of the inner cavity of the rod (511). The pad (524) is movably connected to the inner cavity of the rod (511), and the top of the pad (524) is in contact with the bottom surface of the top rod (514). The outer wall of the second positioning pin (522) is movably sleeved with a second spring (523). The top end of the second spring (523) is fixedly connected to the inside of the rod (511), and the bottom end of the second spring (523) is fixedly connected to the top of the pad (524).

6. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second rigid strap (530) is symmetrically fixed to the rod (511) by bolts.

7. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastening module (400) includes a fixing post (410) threaded to the end of the anchor rod (200), and a positioning ring (420) is threaded to the outer wall of the fixing post (410), and a rope (460) is wound on the positioning ring (420).

8. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the positioning ring (420) are rotatably connected to a three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover (430). One end of the three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover (430) away from the positioning ring (420) is fixedly connected to the anchor rod (200), and the other end of the three-stage telescopic rotating protective cover (430) away from the positioning ring (420) is fixedly connected to the fixed column (410).

9. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 8, characterized in that: A circular plate (440) is fixed to one end of the fixed column (410) away from the anchor rod (200), and the circular plate (440) and the positioning ring (420) are locked in a distance position by a first bolt (450).

10. The slope stabilization and protection structure for open-pit mining according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rope (460) is right-angled, and the right-angle end is slidably limited and connected to the first positioning pin (470). The bottom end of the first positioning pin (470) is pointed and inserted into the interior of the ore body stepped slope body (100). The end of the rope (460) away from the positioning ring (420) is fixedly connected to a fixing seat (480), and the fixing seat (480) is fixedly connected to the rod body (511).

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