Deep foundation anti-floating anchor rod and steel caisson cooperative water stop device and construction method

Abstract

The application relates to a deep foundation pit anti-floating anchor rod and steel caisson cooperative water stop device and a construction method, which is arranged at a matching position of a steel caisson and an anti-floating anchor rod, the steel caisson is provided with matching holes corresponding to the anti-floating anchor rods, guide pipes corresponding to the matching holes are fixedly connected to inner bottom walls of the steel caisson, and the anti-floating anchor rods are inserted into the corresponding guide pipes; sealing rings are inserted into the guide pipes, inner side walls of the sealing rings are in contact with side walls of the anti-floating anchor rods, and outer side walls of the sealing rings are in contact with inner side walls of the guide pipes; a coaxial annular water-swelling water stop strip is embedded on an upper end surface of the sealing ring; rubber pads are further sleeved on the anti-floating anchor rods, the rubber pads have horizontal annular convex rings, the annular convex rings of the rubber pads are closely attached to upper end surfaces of the guide pipes and block the top of the guide pipes; and bottom sealing assemblies located below the sealing rings are further arranged in the guide pipes. The application has the effect of reducing the adverse effects caused by the dewatering effect of deep foundation pit engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building installations, and in particular to a deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, dewatering in deep foundation pit projects mainly utilizes dewatering wells or drainage well systems. However, these systems are primarily concentrated around the perimeter of the pit and within the trench. If these wells are placed on the structural base slab due to dewatering difficulties, they can create weak points in the waterproofing, prolonging the construction period for the complete enclosure of the base slab and making it difficult to guarantee waterproofing quality. To address the problem of difficult dewatering in localized deep pits, steel caissons are often used as a solution, leveraging their excellent sealing properties to overcome the challenges of localized deep pit dewatering. During the construction of steel caissons, through holes corresponding to anti-buoyancy anchors need to be drilled on the bottom wall of the caisson for the anchors to pass through. After the steel caisson is installed, sealing rings are used to seal the interface between the anti-buoyancy anchors and the caisson.

[0003] Since the seal between the anti-buoyancy anchor and the steel caisson is only achieved by the sealing ring, some points may experience seal failure, which can lead to groundwater entering the steel caisson and adversely affect the dewatering effect of deep foundation pit projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to reduce the adverse effects on the dewatering effect of deep foundation pit projects, this application provides a deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor rod and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device and construction method.

[0005] This application provides a water-stopping device that combines anti-buoyancy anchor bolts and steel caissons in deep foundation pits, employing the following technical solution: A deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson collaborative water-stopping device is set at the mating position of the steel caisson and the anti-buoyancy anchor. The steel caisson has mating holes corresponding to the anti-buoyancy anchors. The inner bottom wall of the steel caisson is vertically fixed with guide tubes corresponding to the mating holes. The inner diameter of the guide tubes is larger than the diameter of the anti-buoyancy anchors. The anti-buoyancy anchors are inserted into the corresponding guide tubes, and the anti-buoyancy anchors and the corresponding guide tubes are coaxial. A sealing ring is inserted into the guide tube. The inner wall of the sealing ring is in contact with the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod, and the outer wall of the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the guide tube. A coaxial annular water-swellable sealing strip is embedded on the upper end face of the sealing ring; The anti-buoyancy anchor is also fitted with a rubber pad, which has a horizontal annular protrusion. The annular protrusion of the rubber pad fits tightly against the upper end face of the guide tube and seals the top of the guide tube. The guide tube is also equipped with a bottom sealing assembly located below the sealing ring.

[0006] Optionally, the bottom sealing assembly includes a drive ring that is slidably inserted into the guide tube. The inner diameter of the drive ring is larger than the diameter of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod. Multiple support plates are fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive ring. The support plates penetrate the side wall of the guide tube and are slidably inserted into the guide tube. The sliding direction of the drive ring is set along the axial direction of the guide tube. A support member is also provided outside the guide tube to support and fix the drive ring. The support member makes the upper end face of the drive ring close to the upper end face of the guide tube. Multiple connecting rods are slidably connected to the lower end face of the drive ring. The length direction of the connecting rods is arranged along the axial direction of the guide tube. The multiple connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drive ring. The sliding direction of the connecting rods is arranged along the radial direction of the drive ring. A limit spring is connected to the top of the connecting rod. The extension and retraction direction of the limit spring is arranged along the sliding direction of the connecting rod. The end of the limit spring away from the connecting rod is fixed to the side of the lower end face of the drive ring near the guide tube. The limit spring makes the connecting rod located at the edge of the lower end face of the drive ring near the inner sidewall of the drive ring. Below the drive ring is a coaxial bottom rubber ring. The outer diameter of the bottom rubber ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube, and the inner diameter of the bottom rubber ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the drive ring. All the connecting rods pass through the bottom rubber ring and are slidably inserted into it. A support plate located below the bottom rubber ring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The bottom rubber ring overlaps the support plate. When the limit spring is not subjected to external force, the multiple connecting rods cooperate to make the bottom rubber ring in a stretched and tensioned state. The bottom sealing assembly also includes a drive link and a drive component that moves the bottom rubber ring toward the anti-buoyancy anchor.

[0007] Optionally, the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a mounting plate parallel to the drive ring. The mounting plate is located on the side of the connecting rod away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod. The length direction of the mounting plate is set along the sliding direction of the connecting rod. A T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting plate away from the connecting rod. A groove adapted to the slider is opened on the lower end surface of the drive ring. The length direction of the groove is set along the length direction of the mounting plate. Each slider is slidably inserted into the corresponding groove. The limiting spring is fixedly connected to the slider, and the limiting spring is located on the side of the slider closer to the connecting rod. The end of the limiting spring away from the slider is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the groove closer to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod.

[0008] Optionally, the driving component includes a driving rod fixedly connected to the slider. The driving rod is inclined, with the end of the driving rod away from the slider pointing downwards and inclined towards the anti-buoyancy anchor rod. The lower end of the driving rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom rubber ring. The drive rod is hinged to a hinge rod at one end near the bottom rubber ring. The end of the hinge rod away from the drive rod is downward and inclined to the side away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod. The lower end of the hinge rod is hinged to the inner wall of the guide tube. A coaxial fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide tube. The fixing ring is located below the hinge rod. A matching rod corresponding to the connecting rod is slidably inserted into the fixing ring. The length direction and sliding direction of the matching rod are both set along the radial direction of the fixing ring. A sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the matching rod outside the fixing ring. The sliding sleeve is slidably fitted onto the corresponding connecting rod.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom sealing assembly may further include a roughening member for roughening the bottom rubber ring.

[0010] Optionally, the piercing member includes a top plate corresponding to each connecting rod, the top plate and the support plate are parallel to each other, the connecting rod passes through the corresponding top plate and is slidably inserted into the top plate, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the bottom rubber ring. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate. The length direction of the telescopic rod is set along the axial direction of the guide tube. The telescopic rod is elastic. The upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the drive ring. The telescopic rod is located on the side of the slide groove close to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod. The telescopic rod limits the top plate and the bottom rubber ring, so that the bottom rubber ring abuts against the support plate. The top plate is hinged with a transmission rod, the end of the transmission rod away from the top plate is upward and inclined to the side away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod, and the upper end of the transmission rod is hinged to the corresponding mounting plate.

[0011] Optionally, the telescopic rod includes a plug rod fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a sleeve slidably sleeved at the lower end of the plug rod, the outer bottom wall of the sleeve being fixedly connected to the corresponding top plate, and a connecting spring fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sleeve, the upper end of the connecting spring being fixedly connected to the lower end face of the plug rod.

[0012] Optionally, the support includes a base plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide tube, which corresponds to the support plate one by one. The base plate is located below the corresponding support plate, and a guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the base plate. The guide rod passes through the support plate and is slidably inserted into the support plate. A support spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate, and the upper end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding support plate. The lower part of the guide rod is provided with a fixing hole that passes through the guide rod, and the side wall of the support plate away from the guide tube is provided with a fixing groove that matches the fixing hole. The fixing groove is axially aligned with the fixing hole. The support also includes a limiting pin that is adapted to the fixing groove and the fixing hole.

[0013] This application also provides a construction method for coordinating anti-buoyancy anchors and steel caissons to stop water in deep foundation pits, employing the following technical solution: A construction method for coordinating anti-buoyancy anchor bolts and steel caissons for water sealing in deep foundation pits, using any of the above-mentioned devices, includes the following steps: S1. Steel caisson processing: Process the steel caisson according to the drawings, and weld the temporary reinforcement components and the anchoring reinforcement bars on the outer wall. S2. Locate the mating holes and grouting holes on the bottom wall of the steel caisson. Based on the location of the holes, weld guide pipes at the mating holes on the inner bottom wall of the steel caisson, weld grouting pipes at the grouting holes on the inner bottom wall of the steel caisson, and install ball valves on the grouting pipes. S3. Steel caisson positioning and hoisting; S4. Waterproofing construction at the guide tube, including installation of bottom rubber ring, sealing ring, water-swellable waterstop strip and rubber gasket; S5. Drain the water inside the caisson and inject grout between the bottom wall of the steel caisson and the bottom wall of the deep foundation pit to fill the space between them.

[0014] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By setting up steel caissons, anti-buoyancy anchors, mating holes, guide pipes, sealing rings, water-swellable waterstop strips, rubber gaskets, and bottom sealing components, the bottom rubber rings, sealing rings, water-swellable waterstop strips, and rubber gaskets work together to improve the waterproofing effect of the guide pipes, reduce the occurrence of sealing failures, thereby reducing the occurrence of groundwater entering the steel caissons, and thus reducing the adverse effects on the dewatering effect of deep foundation pit projects. By setting up a drive ring, support plate, support component, connecting rod, limit spring, bottom rubber ring, support plate, and drive component, when installing the bottom rubber ring, the operator only needs to press down the support plate to complete the installation of the bottom rubber ring. This allows the operator to complete the waterproof joint construction of the guide tube more quickly. When installing the sealing ring, the drive ring provides positioning for the sealing ring, so that the operator does not need to adjust the installation position of the bottom rubber ring and the sealing ring multiple times, thus improving the construction efficiency. By setting up a top plate, telescopic rod, and transmission rod, the bottom rubber ring can be thickened during installation, increasing its width and allowing it to fit more tightly against the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall structure of the collaborative water-stopping device in the embodiments of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the overall structure of the collaborative water-stopping device in the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the bottom sealing assembly structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the support component in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the driving component in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the connection relationship between the fixing plate and the mating rod in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Anti-buoyancy anchor bolt; 2. Steel caisson; 21. Mating hole; 3. Guide tube; 31. Strip hole; 4. Bottom sealing assembly; 41. Drive ring; 411. Support plate; 4111. Fixing groove; 412. Slide groove; 42. Support component; 421. Bottom plate; 422. Guide rod; 4221. Fixing hole; 423. Support spring; 424. Limit pin; 43. Bottom rubber ring; 44. Connecting rod; 441. Support plate; 442. Anchor. 443. Mounting plate; 444. Slider; 445. Limiting spring; 45. Driving component; 451. Driving rod; 452. Hinge rod; 453. Fixing ring; 4531. Mating groove; 454. Mating rod; 455. Sliding sleeve; 46. Upsetting component; 461. Top plate; 462. Telescopic rod; 4621. Sleeve; 4622. Insert rod; 4623. Connecting spring; 463. Transmission rod; 5. Sealing ring; 6. Water-swellable sealing strip; 7. Rubber pad. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0023] This application discloses a deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor rod and steel caisson collaborative water-stopping device. The device is installed at the mating position between the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 and the steel caisson 2. The inner bottom wall of the steel caisson 2 has mating holes 21 corresponding to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The collaborative water-stopping device includes guide pipes 3 corresponding to the mating holes 21. The guide pipes 3 are vertically fixed to the inner bottom wall of the steel caisson 2, and the guide pipes 3 cover the mating holes 21 within them. The inner diameter of the guide pipes 3 is the same as the diameter of the mating holes 21. The anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 is inserted into the guide pipe 3, and the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 and the guide pipe 3 are coaxial.

[0024] The guide tube 3 is provided with a bottom sealing assembly 4, which includes a drive ring 41 slidably connected in the guide tube 3. The drive ring 41 is coaxial with the guide tube 3, and the outer side wall of the drive ring 41 is in contact with the inner side wall of the guide tube 3. The inner diameter of the drive ring 41 is larger than the diameter of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. Multiple horizontally arranged support plates 411 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the drive ring 41. The multiple support plates 411 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drive ring 41. The side wall of the guide tube 3 is provided with strip holes 31 corresponding to the support plates 411. The length direction of the strip holes 31 is arranged along the axial direction of the guide tube 3. Each support plate 411 is slidably inserted into the corresponding strip hole 31. In this embodiment, there are two support plates 411.

[0025] The guide tube 3 is also provided with a support member 42 for supporting and fixing the drive ring 41. The support member 42 includes a base plate 421 that corresponds one-to-one with the support plate 411. The base plate 421 is located directly below the corresponding support plate 411 and is horizontally set. The base plate 421 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide tube 3. A guide rod 422 is vertically fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the base plate 421. The guide rod 422 passes through the support plate 411 and is slidably inserted into the support plate 411. A support spring 423 is sleeved on the guide rod 422. The upper end of the support spring 423 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate 411, and the lower end of the support spring 423 is fixedly connected to the base plate 421.

[0026] The guide rod 422 has a fixing hole 4221 through it at the lower part. The support plate 411 has a fixing groove 4111 that matches the fixing hole 4221 on the side wall away from the guide tube 3. The fixing groove 4111 and the fixing hole 4221 are aligned in the same direction. The support member 42 also includes a limiting pin 424 that matches the fixing groove 4111 and the fixing hole 4221.

[0027] The guide tube 3 is provided with a bottom rubber ring 43 located below the drive ring 41. The bottom rubber ring 43 is coaxial with the drive ring 41. The outer diameter of the bottom rubber ring 43 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube 3. The inner diameter of the bottom rubber ring 43 is larger than the diameter of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 and smaller than the inner diameter of the drive ring 41. The bottom rubber ring 43 is provided with multiple connecting rods 44 that are slidably inserted. The length direction of the connecting rods 44 is arranged along the axial direction of the guide tube 3. The connecting rods 44 pass through the upper end face and the lower surface of the bottom rubber ring 43. A horizontally arranged support plate 441 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 44. The support plate 441 is located below the bottom rubber ring 43. The bottom rubber ring 43 overlaps the upper surface of all the support plates 441.

[0028] A horizontal mounting plate 442 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 44 on the side away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The length direction of the mounting plate 442 is arranged radially along the drive ring 41. The upper surface of the mounting plate 442 contacts the lower end face of the drive ring 41. A T-shaped slider 443 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 442 away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. A groove 412 corresponding to each slider 443 is opened on the lower end face of the drive ring 41. The length direction of the groove 412 is arranged along the length direction of the mounting plate 442. Each slider 443 has... The slider 443 is slidably inserted into the corresponding groove 412; a limiting spring 444 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider 443 near the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The extension and retraction direction of the limiting spring 444 is set along the length direction of the groove 412. The end of the limiting spring 444 away from the slider 443 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the groove 412 near the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The limiting spring 444 limits the slider 443, so that the connecting rod 44 is located on the side of the drive ring 41 near the inner side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. At this time, the bottom rubber ring 43 is in a stretched and tensioned state.

[0029] The bottom sealing assembly 4 also includes a drive member 45 that moves the drive linkage 44 to retract and reset the bottom rubber ring 43. The drive member 45 includes a drive rod 451 fixedly connected to the slider 443. The end of the drive rod 451 away from the slider 443 is downward and inclined towards the side closer to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The lower end of the drive rod 451 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom rubber ring 43. A hinge rod 452 is hinged to the side of the drive rod 451 near the bottom rubber ring 43. The end of the hinge rod 452 away from the drive rod 451 is downward and inclined towards the side away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The lower end of the hinge rod 452 is hinged to the inner wall of the guide tube 3.

[0030] A fixed ring 453 coaxial with the drive ring 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide tube 3. The fixed ring 453 is located below the hinge rod 452 and the bottom rubber ring 43. The inner diameter of the fixed ring 453 is larger than the inner diameter of the drive ring 41. The inner wall of the fixed ring 453 is provided with a mating groove 4531 corresponding to the connecting rod 44. The depth direction of the mating groove 4531 is set along the radial direction of the fixed ring 453. A mating rod 454 is slidably inserted into the mating groove 4531. The end of the mating rod 454 located outside the fixed ring 453 is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve 455 adapted to the connecting rod 44. Each connecting rod 44 is slidably inserted into the corresponding sliding sleeve 455.

[0031] The bottom sealing assembly 4 also includes a thickening member 46 for thickening the bottom rubber ring 43. The thickening member 46 includes a horizontal top plate 461 slidably inserted into the connecting rod 44. The top plate 461 is located above the bottom rubber ring 43. A telescopic rod 462 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 461. The length direction of the telescopic rod 462 is arranged along the axial direction of the guide tube 3. The telescopic rod 462 includes a sleeve 4621 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 461. A connector rod 4622 is slidably inserted into the sleeve 4621. The upper end of the connector rod 4622 is connected to the mounting plate 442. The lower surface of the sleeve 4621 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sleeve 4622. A connecting spring 4623 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 4622. The lower end of the connecting spring 4623 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sleeve 4621. The connecting spring 4623 limits the top plate 461 and the bottom rubber ring 43, so that the bottom rubber ring 43 abuts against the support plate 441. A transmission rod 463 is hinged on the top plate 461. The side of the transmission rod 463 away from the top plate 461 faces upward and is inclined towards the side close to the corresponding slider 443. The end of the transmission rod 463 away from the top plate 461 is hinged to the corresponding slider 443.

[0032] In the initial state, the support spring 423 limits the support plate 411 and the drive ring 41, so that the upper end face of the drive ring 41 is below the upper end face of the guide tube 3, and the upper end face of the drive ring 41 is close to the upper end face of the guide tube 3. After the steel caisson 2 is installed in place, the two support plates 411 are pushed down, so that the support plates 411 and the drive ring 41 move downward, and at the same time, the support spring 423 is compressed. The downward movement of the drive ring 41 also drives the slider 443, the mounting plate 442, the drive rod 451, the connecting rod 44, the telescopic rod 462, the top plate 461, the bottom rubber ring 43 and the support plate 441 to move downward. While the slider 443 moves, it also compresses the limiting spring 444.

[0033] The movement of the drive rod 451 causes the upper end of the hinge rod 452 to move downwards and rotate towards the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. This causes the hinge rod 452 to push the drive rod 451, slider 443, mounting plate 442, connecting rod 44, support plate 441, sliding sleeve 455, and mating rod 454 towards the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. At the same time, the bottom rubber ring 43 recovers its deformation, causing the inner sidewall of the bottom rubber ring 43 to gradually approach the sidewall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. As the connecting rod 44 moves towards the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1, the sliding sleeve 455, mating rod 454, and fixing ring 453 cooperate to guide the connecting rod 44, making the movement of the connecting rod 44 more stable.

[0034] As the slider 443 and mounting plate 442 move closer to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1, the slider 443 drives the upper end of the transmission rod 463 to move closer to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1, causing the lower end of the transmission rod 463 to rotate downwards and push the top plate 461 and sleeve 4621 downwards. As the top plate 461 moves downwards, it cooperates with the support plate 441 to thicken the bottom rubber ring 43, increasing the width of the bottom rubber ring 43, so that the inner side wall of the bottom rubber ring 43 can better fit tightly with the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. As the sleeve 4621 moves downwards, it stretches the connecting spring 4623.

[0035] When the support plate 411 moves to the point where the fixing groove 4111 aligns with the fixing hole 4221, the support plate 411 moves into position. At this time, the bottom rubber ring 43 also moves into position, and the inner side wall of the bottom rubber ring 43 fits tightly against the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The operator inserts the limiting pin 424 into the corresponding fixing groove 4111 and fixing hole 4221. The limiting pin 424 cooperates with the support plate 411 and the guide rod 422 to limit the drive ring 41 and the bottom rubber ring 43, so that the bottom rubber ring 43 and the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 maintain a tight fit. Finally, the operator seals the strip hole 31 with adhesive, thereby restoring the side wall of the guide tube 3 to its integrity.

[0036] After the drive ring 41 and the bottom rubber ring 43 are installed in place, the operator puts a rubber sealing ring 5 on the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 and moves the sealing ring 5 into the guide tube 3. The position of the sealing ring 5 is adjusted so that the outer wall of the sealing ring 5 is in close contact with the inner wall of the guide tube 3, the inner wall of the sealing ring 5 is in close contact with the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1, and the lower end face of the sealing ring 5 is in contact with the upper end face of the drive ring 41. The drive ring 41 limits the sealing ring 5, allowing the operator to better determine the installation position of the sealing ring 5 and improve the installation efficiency of the sealing ring 5.

[0037] After the sealing ring 5 is installed, an annular water-swellable sealing strip 6 is embedded on the upper surface of the sealing ring 5. After the water-swellable sealing strip 6 is installed, the operator then puts a rubber pad 7 on the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. The rubber pad 7 includes a horizontal annular convex ring. The operator moves the rubber pad 7 until the annular convex ring of the rubber pad 7 contacts the top surface of the guide tube 3, thereby sealing the top of the guide tube 3. At this point, the waterproofing node construction of one guide tube 3 is completed. Following the above operation, the waterproofing node construction of the remaining guide tubes 3 is carried out.

[0038] Through the above operations, operators can more quickly complete the waterproofing construction of the guide pipe 3. When installing the bottom rubber ring 43, operators only need to press down the support plate 411 to complete the installation of the bottom rubber ring 43. When installing the sealing ring 5, the drive ring 41 provides positioning for the sealing ring 5, so that operators do not need to adjust the installation position of the bottom rubber ring 43 and the sealing ring 5 multiple times, thus improving construction efficiency. Moreover, the bottom rubber ring 43, the sealing ring 5, the water-swellable waterstop strip 6, and the rubber pad 7 work together to make the waterproofing effect of the guide pipe 3 better, reduce the occurrence of sealing failure, thereby reducing the occurrence of groundwater entering the steel caisson 2, and thus reducing the adverse effects on the dewatering effect of the deep foundation pit project.

[0039] The implementation principle of the deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor rod and steel caisson collaborative water-stopping device in this embodiment is as follows: After the steel caisson 2 is installed in place, the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1 is inserted into the guide pipe 3. Then, the operator presses down the support plate 411. During the downward movement of the support plate 411 and the drive ring 41, the bottom rubber ring 43 gradually recovers its deformation and gradually approaches the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. When the fixing groove 4111 is aligned with the fixing hole 4221, the bottom rubber ring 43 is tightly fitted with the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. At this time, the operator inserts the limiting pin 424 into the fixing groove 4111 and the fixing hole 4221. After the support plate 411 and the drive ring 41 are fixed, the strip hole 31 is sealed with adhesive, and then the sealing ring 5, the water-swellable water-stopping strip 6, and the rubber pad 7 are installed in sequence. Following the above operation, waterproof joint construction is carried out on all remaining guide pipes 3.

[0040] This application also discloses a construction method for co-operating water-stopping of deep foundation pits using anti-buoyancy anchor bolts and steel caissons. The construction method employs the aforementioned device and includes the following steps: S1. Steel caisson 2 processing: Steel caisson 2 is processed according to the drawings, and temporary reinforcement components and anchoring reinforcement bars on the outer wall are welded.

[0041] Surveyors used a total station to conduct a comprehensive and precise verification of the dimensions of the foundation pit interface after the excavation was completed, and confirmed the external specifications of steel caisson 2 in conjunction with the main structure construction drawings. Detailed construction drawings for steel caisson 2 were drawn separately for different deep pit locations. The components of steel caisson 2 were manufactured strictly according to the approved detailed drawings to ensure the manufacturing accuracy of steel caisson 2. Temporary reinforcement components such as internal supports and back ribs were arranged inside steel caisson 2 according to stress requirements to improve the overall rigidity of the caisson and prevent deformation during transportation, hoisting, and pouring. Anchoring reinforcement bars were evenly arranged in multiple rows on the four side walls of steel caisson 2, based on the external dimensions of the caisson.

[0042] S2. Locate the mating hole 21 and grouting hole on the bottom wall of the steel caisson 2. According to the positioning hole, weld the guide pipe 3 at the mating hole 21 on the bottom wall of the steel caisson 2. Weld the grouting pipe at the grouting hole on the bottom wall of the steel caisson 2. Install the ball valve on the grouting pipe.

[0043] The surveyors verified the actual location of the anti-buoyancy anchor 1 within the caisson deployment area, accurately collected and recorded the relative coordinate position of the anti-buoyancy anchor 1; based on the measured data, they accurately laid out lines on the inner bottom wall of the steel caisson 2, and marked the mating hole 21 and the grouting hole respectively; after the mating hole 21 and the grouting hole were cut and opened, the burrs and sharp edges of the hole openings were thoroughly ground and cleaned to avoid gap defects in subsequent pipe welding and sealing component installation.

[0044] S3, Steel caisson 2 positioning and hoisting.

[0045] Before hoisting, verify the elevation of the foundation trench bottom and mark the positioning lines at the four corners of the steel caisson 2. The steel caisson 2 is hoisted using a truck crane or tower crane, and lowered slowly during the hoisting process to avoid collision with the anti-buoyancy anchor rod 1. Heavy counterweights, such as precast concrete blocks and steel bar bundles, are evenly stacked on top of the steel caisson 2, and the total counterweight load shall not be less than 1.2 times the buoyancy of the steel caisson 2 as a whole. The buoyancy of the steel caisson 2 is precisely calculated based on the volume of water displaced by the caisson. Concrete pouring is carried out on the side walls of the foundation pit and around the steel caisson 2, using a layered concrete pouring process. The thickness of a single layer shall not exceed 300mm. Dynamic monitoring is used throughout the pouring process, and dedicated surveyors are assigned to monitor the elevation and horizontal displacement of the caisson top surface in real time. If any abnormalities such as caisson floating or horizontal displacement are detected, the concrete pouring operation is immediately suspended, the problem is investigated, and corresponding corrective measures are taken. Construction is resumed only after the caisson is reset and stabilized.

[0046] S4. Waterproofing construction at 3 points on the guide tube, installation of bottom rubber ring 43, sealing ring 5, water-swellable waterstop strip 6, and rubber pad 7.

[0047] After the concrete around the caisson reaches the initial setting state, the waterproof components at the connection between the anchor bolt and the steel caisson sleeve are installed. The bottom rubber ring 43, sealing ring 5, water-swellable waterstop strip 6 and rubber pad 7 are installed in sequence. When installing sealing ring 5, ensure that the inner wall of sealing ring 5 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of anti-buoyancy anchor bolt 1 without gaps or misalignment. When installing water-swellable waterstop strip 6, ensure that the overlap of water-swellable waterstop strip 6 is tight, without breakage or gaps.

[0048] S5. Drain the water inside the box and inject grout between the bottom wall of the steel caisson 2 and the bottom wall of the deep foundation pit to fill the space between them.

[0049] After the waterproofing work is completed, a water pump is used to thoroughly drain the residual water inside the steel caisson 2, and construction waste, scum and other debris inside the caisson are cleaned at the same time to ensure that the grouting work surface is clean and tidy. Then, grout is injected between the bottom wall of the steel caisson 2 and the bottom wall of the deep foundation pit through the grouting pipe. During grouting, the grout is injected at a uniform speed from the pre-set grouting hole 421 on the bottom plate. The grouting status of the adjacent holes is observed throughout the process to ensure that the gaps are fully filled with grout. Throughout the grouting process, a dedicated person is assigned to monitor the changes in the elevation of the top surface of the caisson in real time to avoid the risk of the caisson floating or displaced due to excessive grouting pressure. After the grouting operation is completed, the ball valve of the grouting port is closed immediately to block the grout backflow channel. After the internal grouting material has fully reached its final setting strength, the external grouting pipeline is removed.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson co-operating water-stopping device, which is set at the mating position of the steel caisson (2) and the anti-buoyancy anchor (1), wherein the steel caisson (2) is provided with mating holes (21) corresponding one-to-one with the anti-buoyancy anchor (1), characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the steel caisson (2) is vertically fixed with guide tubes (3) corresponding to the mating holes (21). The inner diameter of the guide tubes (3) is larger than the diameter of the anti-buoyancy anchor rods (1). The anti-buoyancy anchor rods (1) are inserted into the corresponding guide tubes (3), and the anti-buoyancy anchor rods (1) and the corresponding guide tubes (3) are coaxial. A sealing ring (5) is inserted into the guide tube (3). The inner wall of the sealing ring (5) is in contact with the side wall of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1), and the outer wall of the sealing ring (5) is in contact with the inner wall of the guide tube (3). A coaxial annular water-swellable sealing strip (6) is embedded on the upper end surface of the sealing ring (5). The anti-buoyancy anchor (1) is also fitted with a rubber pad (7), which has a horizontal annular protrusion. The annular protrusion of the rubber pad (7) is tightly fitted with the upper end face of the guide tube (3) and seals the top of the guide tube (3). The guide tube (3) is also provided with a bottom sealing assembly (4) located below the sealing ring (5).

2. The deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom sealing assembly (4) includes a drive ring (41) that is slidably inserted into the guide tube (3). The inner diameter of the drive ring (41) is larger than the diameter of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1). Multiple support plates (411) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive ring (41). The support plates (411) penetrate the side wall of the guide tube (3) and are slidably inserted into the guide tube (3). The sliding direction of the drive ring (41) is set along the axial direction of the guide tube (3). A support member (42) is also provided outside the guide tube (3) to support and fix the drive ring (41). The support member (42) makes the upper end face of the drive ring (41) close to the upper end face of the guide tube (3). Multiple connecting rods (44) are slidably connected to the lower end face of the drive ring (41). The length direction of the connecting rods (44) is arranged along the axial direction of the guide tube (3). The multiple connecting rods (44) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drive ring (41). The sliding direction of the connecting rods (44) is arranged along the radial direction of the drive ring (41). A limiting spring (444) is connected to the top of the connecting rod (44). The extension direction of the limiting spring (444) is arranged along the sliding direction of the connecting rod (44). The end of the limiting spring (444) away from the connecting rod (44) is fixed to the side of the lower end face of the drive ring (41) near the guide tube (3). The limiting spring (444) makes the connecting rod (44) located at the edge of the lower end face of the drive ring (41) near the inner wall of the drive ring (41). The drive ring (41) is provided with a coaxial bottom rubber ring (43) below it. The outer diameter of the bottom rubber ring (43) is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube (3), and the inner diameter of the bottom rubber ring (43) is smaller than the inner diameter of the drive ring (41). All the connecting rods (44) pass through the bottom rubber ring (43) and slide into the bottom rubber ring (43). A support plate (441) located below the bottom rubber ring (43) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (44). The bottom rubber ring (43) overlaps on the support plate (441). When the limiting spring (444) is not subjected to external force, the multiple connecting rods (44) cooperate to make the bottom rubber ring (43) in a stretched and tensioned state. The bottom sealing assembly (4) also includes a drive link (44) and a drive element (45) for moving the bottom rubber ring (43) toward the anti-buoyancy anchor (1).

3. The deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting rod (44) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (442) parallel to the drive ring (41). The mounting plate (442) is located on the side of the connecting rod (44) away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1). The length direction of the mounting plate (442) is set along the sliding direction of the connecting rod (44). A T-shaped slider (443) is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting plate (442) away from the connecting rod (44). A groove (41) adapted to the slider (443) is opened on the lower end surface of the drive ring (41). 2) The length direction of the slide groove (412) is set along the length direction of the mounting plate (442). Each slider (443) is slidably inserted into the corresponding slide groove (412). The limiting spring (444) is fixedly connected to the slider (443), and the limiting spring (444) is located on the side of the slider (443) close to the connecting rod (44). The end of the limiting spring (444) away from the slider (443) is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the slide groove (412) close to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1).

4. The deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component (45) includes a driving rod (451) fixedly connected to the slider (443). The driving rod (451) is inclined. The end of the driving rod (451) away from the slider (443) is downward and inclined towards the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1). The lower end of the driving rod (451) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom rubber ring (43). The drive rod (451) is hinged to a hinge rod (452) at one end near the bottom rubber ring (43). The end of the hinge rod (452) away from the drive rod (451) is downward and inclined to the side away from the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1). The lower end of the hinge rod (452) is hinged to the inner wall of the guide tube (3). A coaxial fixing ring (453) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide tube (3). The fixing ring (453) is located below the hinge rod (452). A matching rod (454) corresponding to the connecting rod (44) is slidably inserted into the fixing ring (453). The length direction and sliding direction of the matching rod (454) are both arranged radially along the fixing ring (453). A sliding sleeve (455) is fixedly connected to one end of the matching rod (454) outside the fixing ring (453). The sliding sleeve (455) is slidably sleeved on the corresponding connecting rod (44).

5. A deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson co-operating water-stopping device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The bottom sealing assembly (4) also includes a roughening member (46) for roughening the bottom rubber ring (43).

6. The deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piercing member (46) includes a top plate (461) corresponding to the connecting rod (44) one by one. The top plate (461) and the support plate (441) are parallel to each other. The connecting rod (44) passes through the corresponding top plate (461) and is slidably inserted into the top plate (461). The top plate (461) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the bottom rubber ring (43). A telescopic rod (462) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (461). The length direction of the telescopic rod (462) is set along the axial direction of the guide tube (3). The telescopic rod (462) is elastic. The upper end of the telescopic rod (462) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the drive ring (41). The telescopic rod (462) is located on the side of the slide groove (412) close to the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (1). The telescopic rod (462) limits the top plate (461) and the bottom rubber ring (43) so that the bottom rubber ring (43) abuts against the support plate (441). The top plate (461) is hinged with a transmission rod (463). The end of the transmission rod (463) away from the top plate (461) is upward and inclined to the side away from the anti-buoyancy anchor (1). The upper end of the transmission rod (463) is hinged to the corresponding mounting plate (442).

7. A deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson synergistic water-stopping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (462) includes a plug rod (4622) fixedly connected to the mounting plate (442). A sleeve (4621) is slidably sleeved on the lower end of the plug rod (4622). The outer bottom wall of the sleeve (4621) is fixedly connected to the corresponding top plate (461). A connecting spring (4623) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sleeve (4621). The upper end of the connecting spring (4623) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the plug rod (4622).

8. A deep foundation pit anti-buoyancy anchor and steel caisson co-operating water-stopping device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The support member (42) includes a base plate (421) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide tube (3) and corresponding to the support plate (411). The base plate (421) is located below the corresponding support plate (411). A guide rod (422) is vertically fixedly connected to the base plate (421). The guide rod (422) passes through the support plate (411) and is slidably inserted into the support plate (411). A support spring (423) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate (421), and the upper end of the support spring (423) is fixedly connected to the corresponding support plate (411). The lower part of the guide rod (422) is provided with a fixing hole (4221) that passes through the guide rod (422), and the side wall of the support plate (411) away from the guide tube (3) is provided with a fixing groove (4111) that matches the fixing hole (4221). The fixing groove (4111) and the fixing hole (4221) are aligned in the same direction. The support (42) also includes a limiting pin (424) adapted to the fixing groove (4111) and the fixing hole (4221).

9. A construction method for coordinating anti-buoyancy anchor bolts and steel caissons for water sealing in deep foundation pits, characterized in that... Construction using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1. Steel caisson (2) processing: Steel caisson (2) is processed according to drawings, and temporary reinforcement components and anchoring tendons on the outer wall are welded. S2. Locate the mating hole (21) and grouting hole on the bottom wall of the steel caisson (2). According to the positioning hole, weld the guide pipe (3) at the mating hole (21) on the bottom wall of the steel caisson (2). Weld the grouting pipe at the grouting hole on the bottom wall of the steel caisson (2) and install the ball valve on the grouting pipe. S3, positioning and hoisting of steel caisson (2); S4. Waterproofing node construction at the guide tube (3), installation of bottom rubber ring (43), sealing ring (5), water-swellable waterstop strip (6) and rubber pad (7); S5. Drain the water inside the box and grout between the bottom wall of the steel caisson (2) and the bottom wall of the deep foundation pit to fill the space between the bottom wall of the steel caisson (2) and the bottom wall of the deep foundation pit.

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