Prestressed laminated slab self-locking device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of precast slab structures, and discloses a prestressed composite slab self-locking device which comprises a precast pouring outer layer and bent plates and T-shaped plates pre-buried on the two sides of the interior of the precast pouring outer layer, one side of the bent plate opposite to the T-shaped plate is integrally formed with a connecting plate, the connecting plate extends outward and penetrates through the precast pouring outer layer, and a circular cap piece is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate; two groups of stop blocks are assembled in the circular cap piece in a sliding mode; a stand column block is fixedly welded at the position corresponding to the middle groove of the T-shaped plate, and a hemispherical piece is integrally formed at the top end of the stand column block. In the application, two adjacent prestressed composite slabs can be quickly aligned and inserted through the side edge structure, the hemispherical lock head of one plate body is inserted into the circular cap structure of the other plate body, the two stop blocks are elastically retracted during the insertion process, after the lock head completely penetrates through the position of the stop blocks, the stop blocks are automatically returned to the original positions under the elastic resetting action of spring pieces, and the hemispherical lock head is formed with double-side mechanical clamping limiting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast slab structure technology, specifically to a self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs. Background Technology

[0002] Prestressed composite slabs are mainly composed of precast prestressed base slabs in the factory and cast-in-place composite layers on site. The precast base slabs can be used as load-bearing templates during the construction stage. After forming, they form an integral load-bearing structure with the cast-in-place layers, which effectively improves the efficiency of building construction, reduces the cost of engineering materials and labor, and has significant advantages in structural integrity and durability.

[0003] Currently, during the assembly and construction of prestressed composite slabs, adjacent composite slabs are mostly connected by pre-reserved steel bar lap splicing, on-site binding and welding, and post-cast concrete anchoring. In some construction scenarios, simple splicing auxiliary components are used to achieve temporary positioning.

[0004] However, existing connection structures and assembly processes have many inherent defects in practical applications, seriously affecting the construction quality and structural safety of composite slabs. Existing splicing structures rely solely on steel reinforcement lap splicing and subsequent concrete pouring for overall fixation. Without temporary self-locking restraints during construction, the composite slabs are susceptible to displacement and warping deformation due to concrete lateral pressure and vibration forces during concrete pouring and vibration. This results in uneven stress at the joints between slabs, leading to a decrease in the overall stiffness and integrity of the floor slab after completion. This can easily cause through cracks, leakage, and other quality hazards, significantly reducing the durability and safety of the floor structure. Therefore, this invention proposes a self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs, solving the problem of the lack of dedicated and efficient self-locking connection structures for prestressed composite slabs.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a prestressed composite slab self-locking device, comprising a precast outer layer and a curved plate and a T-shaped plate embedded in both sides of the precast outer layer. A connecting plate is integrally formed on the side of the curved plate facing away from the T-shaped plate. The connecting plate extends outward through the precast outer layer, and a round cap is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate. Two sets of stop blocks are slidably assembled inside the round cap. A central groove is formed on the side wall of the precast outer layer facing away from the connecting plate. A column block is fixedly welded to the T-shaped plate at the position corresponding to the central groove. A hemispherical piece is integrally formed at the top of the column block. A cylindrical groove is formed in the precast outer layer, and the hemispherical piece and column block are inserted into the cylindrical groove with gaps. When two adjacent prestressed composite slabs are joined and assembled, the hemispherical piece of one slab is inserted into the round cap of the other slab. The hemispherical piece presses against the two sets of stop blocks to retract. After fully inserting, the stop blocks pop out to limit the movement, thus achieving mechanical self-locking between the slabs.

[0007] Preferably, the round cap is integrally formed into the side cavity corresponding to the position of the stop block, and the bottom of the stop block is slidably fitted into the inner cavity of the side cavity.

[0008] Preferably, a spring is mounted on the side of the stop block facing the side cavity, the spring is housed inside the side cavity, and both ends of the spring are fixedly attached to the inner wall of the side cavity and the stop block, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a pull ring rod is slidably connected through the outer wall of the side cavity; one end of the pull ring rod extends outward from the side cavity, and the other end passes through a spring and is fixedly inserted into the stop block; pulling the pull ring rod can cause the stop block to compress the spring and retract, releasing the limiting lock of the hemispherical part.

[0010] Preferably, the precast outer layer has a shaped groove at the position corresponding to the round cap and the side cavity to accommodate their insertion; the precast outer layer has a long groove at the position corresponding to the pull ring rod to allow the pull ring rod to slide back and forth.

[0011] Preferably, the precast outer layer has an integrally formed extension block perpendicular to the side wall of the connecting plate, and the thickness of the extension block is equal to the depth of the intermediate groove; the precast outer layer has integrally formed side baffles on both sides of the intermediate groove width direction.

[0012] Preferably, an L-shaped plate is embedded at the joint position of the extension block and the precast outer layer, and the L-shaped plate is used to reinforce the connection between the extension block and the precast outer layer; the contact surface of the L-shaped plate and the bending plate is fixed by welding.

[0013] Preferably, an upper cage frame and a lower cage frame are fixedly welded at intervals along the height direction between the curved plate and the T-shaped plate, and the upper cage frame and the lower cage frame are integrally embedded in the precast outer layer.

[0014] Preferably, the top surface of the precast outer layer is provided with three sets of steel trusses at intervals along its width direction; each set of steel trusses has five sets of support plates welded at intervals along its length direction at its bottom, and the bottom ends of the five sets of support plates extend into the interior of the precast outer layer and are welded and fixed to the top of the upper cage.

[0015] Preferably, the precast outer layer is a precast prestressed composite slab base plate. After each composite slab is self-locked by hemispherical and round cap components, composite layer concrete is poured on-site on the upper part of the precast outer layer to form an integral floor slab surface.

[0016] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: In this invention, a curved plate and a T-shaped plate are respectively embedded on both sides inside the prefabricated structure of the composite slab. A round cap self-locking structure is arranged on the connecting plate integrally formed on the outside of the curved plate. Sliding blocks driven by springs are symmetrically arranged inside the round cap structure. At the same time, a column and a hemispherical lock head structure are set on the top of the T-shaped plate. A limiting groove adapted to the lock head structure is opened on the prefabricated slab body to form a mechanical self-locking fit structure that can be adapted to the rapid docking of adjacent composite slabs.

[0017] During on-site assembly, two adjacent prestressed composite slabs can be quickly aligned and inserted through the side structure. The hemispherical lock head of one side of the slab is inserted into the round cap structure of the other side of the slab. During the insertion process, the blocks on both sides are squeezed and elastically retracted. After the lock head has completely passed through the block position, the block automatically returns to its position under the elastic reset action of the spring, forming a double-sided mechanical locking limit for the hemispherical lock head. Automatic self-locking assembly between slabs can be completed without manual calibration or additional fixed support.

[0018] Compared to traditional connection methods that rely on rebar lap splicing, on-site welding, and post-cast concrete anchoring, this device utilizes a purely mechanical elastic self-locking structure. The assembly and docking automatically lock, effectively reducing the displacement, warping, and misalignment of the composite slab caused by external forces during concrete pouring and vibration. This significantly improves the assembly accuracy of the composite slab and the quality of the floor slab formation, effectively avoiding common quality defects such as slab joint cracking and uneven slab surfaces. Simultaneously, the mechanical interlocking connection between slabs effectively enhances the shear and slip resistance of the splicing nodes, strengthens the overall rigidity and structural integrity of the prefabricated floor slab, and improves the long-term stability and durability of the building floor slab. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a prestressed composite slab self-locking device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a prestressed composite slab self-locking device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the precast outer layer of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention after removing the precast outer layer; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the curved plate, round cap, stop block, and L-shaped plate of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the curved plate, round cap, stop block, and L-shaped plate of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hemispherical component and the T-shaped plate of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Precast outer layer; 101. Extension block; 102. Side baffle; 103. Intermediate groove; 104. Cylindrical groove; 105. Irregular groove; 106. Long strip groove; 2. Steel truss; 201. Support plate; 3. Bent plate; 301. Connecting plate; 4. Round cap; 401. Side cavity; 5. Hemispherical piece; 501. Column block; 6. Stop block; 601. Pull ring rod; 602. Spring piece; 7. T-shaped plate; 8. Upper cage frame; 9. Lower cage frame; 10. L-shaped plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] refer to Figures 1-7 The self-locking device for a prestressed composite slab shown includes a precast outer layer 1 and curved plates 3 and T-shaped plates 7 embedded on both sides inside the precast outer layer 1. Specific embodiments are shown below: Example 1 This embodiment includes the assembly position and field usage of the core self-locking structure of the device, as detailed below: The curved plate 3 and the T-shaped plate 7 are symmetrically embedded and fixed on both sides of the interior of the precast outer layer 1, serving as the load-bearing base of the entire self-locking mechanism. They correspond to each other and cooperate to achieve a mechanical and rapid self-locking docking function between adjacent composite plates. Among them, the outer side of the curved plate 3 is integrally formed and extended with a connecting plate 301. The connecting plate 301 extends outward through the side wall of the precast outer layer 1. The bottom end of the connecting plate 301 is fixedly equipped with a round cap 4, so that the round cap 4 is exposed at the side joint of the precast outer layer 1 for insertion and engagement with the lock head structure of the adjacent plate.

[0023] The round cap 4 has symmetrically arranged side cavities 401 on both sides. Two sets of stops 6 are slidably assembled inside the corresponding side cavities 401. A spring 602 is fixedly assembled on the side of the stop 6 facing the side cavity 401. The spring 602 is fully housed inside the side cavity 401, always providing elastic return thrust to the stop 6, allowing the stop 6 to achieve stable elastic extension and retraction within the round cap 4. At the same time, a pull ring rod 601 is slidably assembled through the outside of the side cavity 401. The pull ring rod 601 passes through the spring 602 and is fixedly inserted into the stop 6. By pulling the pull ring rod 601, the stop 6 can be driven to compress the spring 602 and retract, realizing manual unlocking of the self-locking structure, which facilitates the disassembly and fine adjustment of the plate. The side wall of the precast outer layer 1 has irregular grooves 105 and long grooves 106, which are adapted to the sliding use of the round cap 4, side cavities 401 and pull ring rod 601, respectively, to ensure a close fit and smooth sliding of the structure.

[0024] A T-shaped plate 7, corresponding to the curved plate 3, is fixedly embedded inside the other side of the precast outer layer 1. A column block 501 is fixedly welded to the top of the side of the T-shaped plate 7 facing the plate joint. The top of the column block 501 is integrally formed with a hemispherical part 5. A middle groove 103 and a cylindrical groove 104 are opened at the corresponding position in the precast outer layer 1, so that the column block 501 and the hemispherical part 5 are inserted into the cylindrical groove 104 with a gap. The structural layout is regular and does not affect the overall strength of the plate. When assembling and using it on site, two adjacent prestressed composite plates are aligned and brought together, so that the round cap part 4 of one side of the plate is aligned with the hemispherical part 5 of the other side of the plate to complete the docking.

[0025] During the docking process, the hemispherical component 5 is inserted into the bottom cavity of the round cap component 4, gradually squeezing the two side blocks 6. This forces the blocks 6 to compress the spring component 602 and retract outwards to avoid contact. After the hemispherical component 5 has completely passed through the limiting positions of the two sets of blocks 6, the blocks 6 quickly return to their original positions under the elastic reset action of the spring component 602, blocking the hemispherical component 5 in both directions and firmly locking it inside the round cap component 4, forming a stable mechanical self-locking structure. This structure can effectively limit the horizontal slippage and vertical displacement of adjacent composite slabs, preventing displacement of the slabs due to external force disturbance during concrete pouring and vibration. It requires no additional temporary support or manual calibration, and is easy to assemble and reliably locked.

[0026] Example 2 This embodiment includes the positional relationship between the overall frame reinforcement structure and the top reinforcement structure of the device, as detailed below: The entire reinforced frame structure is pre-embedded and integrated inside the precast outer layer 1, forming a single unit with the slab, significantly improving the connection strength and integrity of the self-locking device and the overall structure of the composite slab. Specifically, the curved plate 3 and the T-shaped plate 7 are symmetrically arranged along the width of the precast outer layer 1. From top to bottom, the upper cage frame 8 and the lower cage frame 9 are sequentially fixed and welded between them along the vertical height direction. The upper cage frame 8 and the lower cage frame 9 are integrally embedded and fixed inside the precast outer layer 1, forming a closed internal steel frame that connects the curved plate 3 and the T-shaped plate 7 into a whole, preventing deformation of the lock body on one side and improving the load-bearing stability of the self-locking mechanism.

[0027] An extension block 101 is integrally formed on the side of the precast outer layer 1, perpendicular to the connecting plate 301. The thickness of the extension block 101 is consistent with the depth of the intermediate groove 103, ensuring a smooth joint between the panels. Simultaneously, side stops 102 are integrally formed on both sides of the intermediate groove 103, serving as auxiliary measures for limiting the joint and preventing displacement. An L-shaped plate 10 is embedded and fixed at the connection point between the extension block 101 and the precast outer layer 1. One side of the L-shaped plate 10 is fitted and fixed to the inner side of the extension block 101, and the other side is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the curved plate 3. This reinforces and strengthens weak points, prevents cracking and delamination at the panel joints, and improves the structural strength of the panel sides.

[0028] Three sets of steel trusses 2 are evenly spaced along the width of the precast outer layer 1, serving as the structural framework for the upper load-bearing structure of the composite slab and the subsequent cast-in-place layer. Five sets of support plates 201 are welded at intervals along the length of each set of steel trusses 2 at their bottom. The bottom ends of the support plates 201 extend downwards into the interior of the precast outer layer 1 and are welded and fixed to the top of the built-in upper cage 8, forming an integrated welded steel frame system with the top steel trusses 2, support plates 201, and the internal upper cage 8, lower cage 9, curved plates 3, and T-shaped plates 7. The entire structure is pre-embedded and formed in one go during the factory prefabrication stage, resulting in strong structural integrity, precise positioning, and eliminating the need for secondary welding processing on-site.

[0029] When used on site, the built-in integral steel frame ensures that the self-locking device is subjected to uniform force, avoiding loosening or deformation due to single-point force. The steel truss 2 is exposed on the top surface of the precast outer layer 1 and can be completely embedded in the later cast-in-place composite concrete layer, achieving efficient integration of the precast base plate and the cast-in-place layer.

[0030] Working principle of this invention: During the manufacturing process, all the metal components are pre-embedded and integrated inside the precast outer layer 1. Through the symmetrically arranged plug-in locking structure on both sides of the slab and the built-in reinforcing skeleton structure, automatic alignment, elastic self-locking, and overall stress reinforcement are achieved during the assembly of adjacent prestressed composite slabs. The device uses the curved plate 3 and T-shaped plate 7 as the built-in load-bearing base, and the self-locking locking end and self-locking plug-in end are respectively assembled to form a matching mechanical locking structure between the plates.

[0031] Among them, the bottom end of the connecting plate 301 extending from the outer side of the curved plate 3 is fixed with a round cap 4. Inside the round cap 4, two sets of symmetrically arranged blocks 6 are elastically slidably assembled through spring 602 to form an elastic self-locking mechanism; the top of the T-shaped plate 7 is fixed with a hemispherical piece 5 through a column block 501 to form a plug-in end structure.

[0032] During the prefabrication stage of the composite slab, the upper cage 8 and the lower cage 9 are vertically welded between the curved plate 3 and the T-shaped plate 7, forming an internal integrated steel frame together with the L-shaped plate 10. At the same time, the top steel truss 2 is welded to the upper cage 8 through the support plate 201, so that the self-locking mechanism and the slab reinforcement frame form an integrated force-bearing system, improving the structural stability.

[0033] During on-site assembly, adjacent prestressed composite slabs are aligned and brought close together, with the hemispherical piece 5 of one side of the slab aligned with the round cap piece 4 of the other side of the slab to complete the insertion. During the insertion process, the hemispherical piece 5 presses against the two side blocks 6, causing the block 6 to compress the spring piece 602 and retract towards the inner wall of the side cavity 401 to avoid it. After the hemispherical piece 5 has completely passed through the limiting position of the block 6, the block 6 automatically springs back to its original position under the elastic reset action of the spring piece 602, blocking and limiting the hemispherical piece 5 in both directions, so that the hemispherical piece 5 is firmly locked inside the round cap piece 4. Mechanical self-locking between the slabs can be completed without manual tightening or temporary support.

[0034] This device achieves automatic locking based on a purely mechanical elastic locking principle. After assembly, it effectively limits the horizontal sliding and vertical misalignment of the composite slabs, resisting construction disturbances caused by concrete pouring and vibration. For disassembly and fine-tuning, the locking can be released by pulling the pull ring rod 601 to retract the stop block 6.

[0035] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer for control.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs, comprising a precast outer layer (1) and curved plates (3) and T-shaped plates (7) embedded on both sides inside the precast outer layer (1), characterized in that: The curved plate (3) is integrally formed with a connecting plate (301) on the side facing away from the T-shaped plate (7). The connecting plate (301) extends outward through the precast outer layer (1). The bottom end of the connecting plate (301) is fixedly connected to a round cap (4). Two sets of stops (6) are slidably assembled inside the round cap (4). The side wall of the precast outer layer (1) facing away from the connecting plate (301) is provided with a middle groove (103). The T-shaped plate (7) is fixedly welded with a column block at the position corresponding to the middle groove (103). 501), the top of the column block (501) is integrally formed with a hemispherical part (5); the precast outer layer (1) is provided with a cylindrical groove (104), and the hemispherical part (5) and the column block (501) are inserted into the cylindrical groove (104) with gaps; when two adjacent prestressed composite plates are assembled together, the hemispherical part (5) of one plate is inserted into the round cap part (4) of the other plate, the hemispherical part (5) squeezes the two sets of stop blocks (6) to retract, and after it is fully inserted, the stop block (6) pops out to limit the movement, so as to realize the mechanical self-locking between the plates.

2. The self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The round cap (4) is integrally formed into the side cavity (401) corresponding to the position of the stop (6), and the bottom of the stop (6) is slidably fitted into the inner cavity of the side cavity (401).

3. The self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stop block (6) is equipped with a spring (602) on the side facing the side cavity (401). The spring (602) is housed inside the side cavity (401), and both ends of the spring (602) are fixedly attached to the inner wall of the side cavity (401) and the stop block (6), respectively.

4. The self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pull ring rod (601) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the side cavity (401); one end of the pull ring rod (601) extends outward from the side cavity (401), and the other end passes through the spring (602) and is fixedly inserted into the stop block (6); pulling the pull ring rod (601) can drive the stop block (6) to compress the spring (602) and retract, thereby releasing the limiting lock of the hemispherical part (5).

5. The self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The precast outer layer (1) has a shaped groove (105) that is adapted to fit the round cap (4) and the side cavity (401) at the position; the precast outer layer (1) has a long groove (106) that allows the pull ring rod (601) to slide back and forth at the position.

6. The self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast outer layer (1) is integrally formed with an extension block (101) perpendicular to the side wall of the connecting plate (301), and the thickness of the extension block (101) is equal to the depth of the intermediate groove (103); the precast outer layer (1) is integrally formed with side baffles (102) on both sides of the width direction of the intermediate groove (103).

7. A self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extension block (101) and the precast outer layer (1) are fitted with an L-shaped plate (10) at the connection position. The L-shaped plate (10) is used to reinforce the connection between the extension block (101) and the precast outer layer (1). The contact surface between the L-shaped plate (10) and the curved plate (3) is fixed by welding.

8. The self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cage frame (8) and the lower cage frame (9) are fixedly welded at intervals along the height direction between the curved plate (3) and the T-shaped plate (7). The upper cage frame (8) and the lower cage frame (9) are embedded in the precast outer layer (1).

9. A self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the precast outer layer (1) is provided with three sets of steel trusses (2) spaced apart along its width direction; each set of steel trusses (2) has five sets of support plates (201) welded at intervals along its length direction at the bottom. The bottom ends of the five sets of support plates (201) extend into the interior of the precast outer layer (1) and are welded and fixed to the top of the upper cage (8).

10. A self-locking device for prestressed composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast outer layer (1) is the main body of the precast base plate of the prestressed composite slab. After the composite slabs are self-locked by the hemispherical part (5) and the round cap part (4), the composite layer concrete is poured on the upper part of the precast outer layer (1) to form the overall floor slab surface.

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