A sail-type wind turbine

Abstract

This invention discloses a sail-type wind power generation system and method, belonging to the field of wind power generation technology. Addressing the problems of large intermittent fluctuations, unusable extreme wind energy, and ecological impacts of existing wind power technologies, this invention proposes: constructing a closed-loop artificial waterway and deploying at least one navigation unit equipped with an intelligent sail system; the navigation unit includes a sail, a sail attitude adjustment mechanism, an all-electric ship propulsion system, and a central controller. By sensing wind speed and direction in real time and dynamically adjusting the sail's wind-receiving area and angle of attack, the captured wind energy is efficiently converted into the mechanical kinetic energy of the navigation unit, thereby driving the generator set to continuously generate electricity. This invention, through a "dual power input + dynamic compensation" mechanism, achieves proactive suppression of wind energy fluctuations, effectively solving the industry problem of uneven wind power output; it also possesses safe operation capabilities under extreme wind conditions, converting massive amounts of wind energy from typhoons into stable electricity and significantly reducing the impact on wildlife activity. This invention provides the power grid with a high-quality, stable, and eco-friendly renewable energy solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically to a wind power generation system and method that can operate safely and efficiently under extreme wind conditions (including typhoons) and effectively improve power output stability and overcome the effects of calm wind periods. Background Technology

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy source, the development and utilization of wind energy is crucial for the transformation of the energy structure.

[0003] However, current wind power technology still faces a series of interconnected fundamental challenges in large-scale grid-connected applications, which severely restrict its efficiency and reliability: First, there is a contradiction between the waste of massive wind energy resources and equipment safety. Extreme wind conditions, such as typhoons and hurricanes, are widespread globally, containing extremely rich wind energy resources. However, for safety reasons, traditional wind turbines must shut down when wind speeds exceed the cut-out wind speed (usually around 25 m / s), resulting in forced wind curtailment during the peak wind season and causing enormous energy waste. Existing technologies for enhancing the typhoon resistance of turbines mostly focus on passively reinforcing the structure, aiming to "survive" wind disasters rather than continuously and safely generating electricity in extreme winds, thus failing to convert this massive energy source into usable electricity.

[0004] Second, there is a contradiction between the inherent intermittency and volatility of wind power and the need for grid stability. The natural characteristics of wind energy result in significant randomness and volatility in its power output. This unstable power injected into the grid causes frequency deviations and voltage fluctuations, posing a serious threat to the stable operation of the grid, especially in grids with a high proportion of renewable energy. Existing methods for mitigating fluctuations, such as relying on thermal power for peak shaving, configuring large-scale battery energy storage, or utilizing other power sources for complementarity, all suffer from high costs, response delays, geographical limitations, or sacrifices in economic efficiency.

[0005] Third, there is the problem of power supply interruptions caused by calm wind periods. During calm wind periods, when wind speeds are lower than the cut-in wind speed, wind turbines are shut down and generate zero electricity. This forces the power grid to prepare sufficient reserve capacity, increasing overall operating costs.

[0006] Fourth, wind power facilities have significant impacts on the ecological environment, particularly threatening bird populations. Traditional wind turbines typically employ high-speed blade designs. The "blind spots" created by their high-speed rotation and the pressure changes in the blade-sweeping area pose a serious threat to birds, especially migratory birds. Bird strikes not only lead to bird deaths and biodiversity loss but also impose strict environmental impact assessment restrictions and public resistance on wind power projects in ecologically sensitive areas, limiting the range of suitable development sites. Existing mitigation measures, such as painting warning colors, installing ultrasonic bird deterrents, or shutting down turbines during specific periods, have limited effectiveness and cannot fundamentally solve the problem. This ecological pain point highlights the sharp contradiction between traditional high-speed wind turbine design and natural ecological protection.

[0007] In summary, the existing wind power technology system suffers from separation and disconnect across four dimensions: resource utilization (extreme wind energy), output quality (smooth and stable operation), power supply continuity (overcoming calm winds), and ecological compatibility (bird protection). The industry lacks an innovative solution that can systematically address these issues: a wind power technology that can safely capture and efficiently convert extreme typhoon wind energy, actively smooth power fluctuations and provide grid support, overcome the impact of calm winds to some extent, and significantly reduce threats to bird activity. This makes it difficult for wind power to become a reliable and stable power source for the grid, and also hinders the achievement of true harmonious coexistence with the natural ecosystem.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a revolutionary technological breakthrough that enables wind turbines not only to withstand extreme wind conditions but also to utilize them; not only to generate electricity but also to output stable, controllable, and high-quality power, thus truly becoming a pillar power source for the future highly resilient smart grid. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sail-type wind turbine generator set, the basic principle of which is to capture wind energy through the sail, drive a special vessel, and use the navigation of the special vessel to drive the generator set to generate electricity.

[0010] Another objective of this invention is to provide a sail-shaped wind turbine generator that can convert extreme wind energy and typhoon wind energy into electrical energy, making full use of the wind energy resources generated by nature.

[0011] A further objective of this invention is to provide a sail-type wind turbine generator set, which can improve the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of wind power generation, solve the problem of shutdown due to sudden calm winds, and thus ensure the stable operation of the power grid.

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a sail-type wind turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: constructing an elevated closed-loop artificial river on the ground; filling the artificial riverbed with water to a standard water level; having a special vessel in the closed-loop artificial river, the special vessel being able to navigate on the closed-loop artificial river; having sails evenly distributed on the special vessel; connecting the special vessel to the main generator; the sails being controlled by an angle adjustment device; and when the sails capture sufficient wind power, propelling the special vessel to navigate on the closed-loop artificial river and to perform circular motion around the same center, thereby driving the main generator to rotate.

[0013] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned closed circular artificial river is elevated above the ground, which can reduce additional engineering investment and obtain more wind energy; of course, it can also be excavated on the ground. Furthermore, the draft of the special vessels is determined by their carrying capacity; therefore, the water depth of the closed circular artificial river needs to be designed according to the draft requirements of the special vessels.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the riverbank of the artificial river is slightly higher than the side of the special vessel, in order to protect the side of the special vessel from strong winds when it encounters extreme wind conditions.

[0015] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, to effectively prevent the surface of the closed circular artificial river from being affected by extreme wind conditions, the key lies in blocking the direct disturbance of the water body by strong winds. Therefore, the width of the special vessel is close to the width of the closed circular artificial river, leaving only enough room for free passage, in order to block the disturbance of the water body by strong winds.

[0016] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the water level of the closed-loop artificial river can be adjusted as needed via gates and pumps. The purpose of this adjustment is to improve the stability of special vessels by appropriately lowering the water level under extreme wind conditions, in order to ensure their stability.

[0017] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the special vessel, whose length profile is part of an arc, can consist of several vessels or a single annular hull highly similar in size to the closed circular artificial river channel, without a bow and stern. This is because, under extreme wind conditions, water fluctuations can cause severe swaying of the vessel. The special vessels float on the closed circular artificial river, and their width dimensions are very similar, primarily to shield the water from the effects of extreme wind conditions and ensure that the special vessels do not experience severe swaying.

[0018] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the special vessel navigates on the closed circular artificial river, and the special vessel moves in a circle around the same center of the closed circular artificial river. Therefore, the central angle corresponding to the arc of the special vessel must be consistent with the arc of the closed circular artificial river.

[0019] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the special vessel, in addition to needing to install huge sails, also needs to carry other equipment and devices. To improve the stability of the special vessel in extreme wind conditions, it is connected to the main generator set via connecting rods, which increases its stability and also drives the main engine to generate electricity.

[0020] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the design of the special vessel must ensure that its center of buoyancy is below its center of gravity, so that the special vessel can still sail normally and stably under extreme wind conditions.

[0021] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the sail of the special vessel is capable of being raised and lowered rapidly, and is situated on a horizontally rotating platform, which is used to adjust the attitude of the sail according to the windward area and angle of attack required by the sail.

[0022] Based on the first aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the raising and lowering of the sail and the adjustment of the angle of attack can be supported by a small amount of mains power.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a sail-type wind turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: an artificial closed-loop river is erected on the ground; an internal gear ring is provided concentrically on the outside of the artificial closed-loop river; a special vessel is on the artificial closed-loop river, and the special vessel has several planetary gears; the planetary gears and the internal gear ring are meshed; the special vessel is equipped with several secondary generators and an energy storage system; the planetary gears on the special vessel mesh with the sun gear on the main generator; the sail is controlled by an angle-adjusting device; when the sail captures sufficient wind power, it propels the special vessel along the artificial closed-loop river; the movement of the special vessel causes the planetary gears to drive the entire planetary gear system to rotate; the rotation of the planetary gears drives the secondary generators to generate electricity, supplying power to the electrical facilities on the special vessel; the sun gear is driven by the planetary gears, and the main generator begins to generate electricity.

[0024] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned closed circular artificial river is elevated on the ground in order to pursue a highly precise artificial river. Its precision is reflected in geometric precision. Specifically, for the super-large closed circular artificial river, its roundness, cylindricity, levelness and other parameters need to be strictly controlled to ensure the accuracy of the geometric shape of the closed circular artificial river.

[0025] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the planetary gear system is a very important operating system. To ensure that the internal gear ring, planet gears and sun gear can mesh normally, the precision machining and design of each component of the system are very important.

[0026] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, a planetary gear internal gear ring is provided around the closed annular artificial river. The internal gear ring and the closed annular artificial river must be concentric circles, and the internal gear ring is physically fixed.

[0027] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, planetary gears are installed on the deck of special vessels on the closed circular artificial river. The installation height of the planetary gears should be higher than the riverbank of the closed circular artificial river, and the installation position of the planetary gears should enable the planetary gears and the internal gear ring to mesh tightly, and the transmission is planar.

[0028] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the special vessels on the closed-loop artificial river are equipped with a secondary generator and a rechargeable battery. The rechargeable battery is used to provide power to the lifting equipment, angle-adjusting equipment, and other electrical facilities on the special vessels. Once the secondary generator is operational, it can continuously provide power to the rechargeable battery.

[0029] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the special vessel navigates on the closed circular artificial river. Simultaneously, the special vessel completely covers the surface of the closed circular artificial river, thereby blocking the impact of strong winds on the water surface during extreme wind conditions. This is also one of the conditions ensuring that the planetary gear and the internal gear can mesh tightly.

[0030] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, after the sail captures sufficient wind power, it will propel the special vessel to sail along the closed circular artificial river. The planetary gear will also move along the same circumference. Due to the meshing with the internal gear ring, the planetary gear will rotate around its own fixed axis, thereby driving the secondary generator to rotate, and thus providing power to the electrical equipment on the special vessel.

[0031] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the internal gear ring, planet gears, and sun gear form a standard planetary gear system. When the internal gear ring is fixed, the center of the sun gear coincides with the center of the internal gear ring and is on the same horizontal line as the planet gears, meshing with each other. When the special vessel carries the planet gears and sails along a closed circular artificial river, it will drive the planet gears and the sun gear to rotate around their respective fixed axes. The rotation of the fixed axes of the planet gears will drive the secondary generator to generate electricity. The rotation of the fixed axes of the sun gears will drive the main generator to generate electricity.

[0032] Based on the second aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the core working principle of the planetary gear system—achieving power splitting, merging, and speed change through the synergy of the sun gear, planet gears, and internal gear ring—maintains consistency across different scales. Its design theory, mechanical model, and calculation formulas are based on scale scaling. Therefore, theoretically, as long as materials science, manufacturing processes, and systems engineering capabilities can meet the corresponding scale requirements, there are no fundamental theoretical obstacles to applying planetary gear systems to ultra-large-scale engineering projects.

[0033] The embodiment employs a planetary gear system, whose inherent structural characteristics make it particularly suitable for ultra-large engineering equipment with extremely high requirements for load-bearing capacity, compactness, and reliability.

[0034] Furthermore, large planetary gear transmission devices have been widely used in modern heavy machinery, ship propulsion, large wind turbines and heavy engineering vehicles, accumulating rich experience in large module gear processing, heavy bearing design, gearbox manufacturing and precision assembly.

[0035] For those skilled in the art, when designing ultra-large sail-shaped wind turbine generator projects, it is essential to pay attention to the machining limit dimensions of the sun gear and planetary gears.

[0036] Based on the second aspect, another point to note in some embodiments of the present invention is the stability of the planetary gears within the planetary gear system. Because the planetary gears are installed on special vessels, the stability of the vessel includes six basic motion modes: roll, pitch, sway, heave, and bow roll. When designing the closed-loop artificial river and the special vessels, it is crucial to minimize, or even eliminate, the degrees of freedom of the six motion modes affecting the stability of the special vessels; this is an important condition for ensuring the normal operation of the planetary gear system.

[0037] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a sail-type wind turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: the special vessel in the closed circular artificial river is equipped with a fully electric ship propulsion system; a wind speed and direction measuring instrument and a sail intelligent control system; and a start and brake control system.

[0038] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the special vessel propulsion system, in addition to relying on wind power, sometimes requires its own all-electric propulsion system to assist in propulsion. This is because the natural characteristics of wind energy result in significant randomness and fluctuations in wind power output. When the wind speed is below a certain value, it affects the special vessel's speed. Below a certain speed, the torque exerted by the special vessel on the main generator decreases, leading to a reduction in the main generator's output power. Conversely, with its own all-electric propulsion system, when the wind speed suddenly decreases and the special vessel's speed falls below a threshold, the timely activation of the all-electric propulsion system can restore the special vessel to its standard speed, thus compensating for the unstable output power of the main generator.

[0039] The all-electric ship propulsion system assisted propulsion method of the present invention has independent technical value. When faced with the problem of improving the volatility of wind power, those skilled in the art are motivated to separate the all-electric ship propulsion system assisted propulsion method from the overall system of the present invention, make appropriate modifications, and apply it to existing wind turbines to solve their output power fluctuation problem.

[0040] Currently, horizontal wind turbines primarily employ the following technologies and strategies to address intermittent and fluctuating wind energy, aiming to ensure grid stability and improve power generation efficiency. The core countermeasures include: intelligent forecasting technology, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control, coordinated control of active and reactive power, configuration of energy storage systems, multi-energy complementarity and microgrid integration, advanced reactive power compensation equipment, grid enhancement and flexible power transmission, etc.

[0041] These measures are all compensatory measures taken after the wind turbine outputs power. From the perspective of a single wind turbine, being able to output stable power when facing intermittent and fluctuating wind energy is the optimal choice.

[0042] To achieve a stable power output from a single wind turbine, the key is to maintain a constant spindle speed. This invention employs an all-electric ship propulsion system, which is one method for maintaining a constant spindle speed. This is because using wind power to propel a special vessel and using an all-electric ship propulsion system to drive a special vessel serve the same purpose, but the power sources differ.

[0043] The same principle applies to horizontal wind turbines. The main shaft of a horizontal wind turbine should utilize two power sources: one is wind power acting on the blades, generating lift to propel the blades around the horizontal shaft; the other is power provided by the electric motor through an energy storage system, acting on the horizontal shaft. This "dual power input + dynamic compensation" allows the horizontal wind turbine to switch to hybrid power mode when facing intermittent or fluctuating wind energy. In this case, insufficient lift generated by the blades reduces the rotational speed of the horizontal shaft. The turbine then utilizes blade lift combined with electric motor drive for coordinated output, or, through an overrunning clutch, uses electric motor torque to replace blade lift, ensuring a constant rotational speed of the wind turbine's main shaft.

[0044] The design adopts "dual power input + dynamic compensation". Although it is necessary to use stored electrical energy or mains power to compensate for insufficient wind power during soft wind, it can output wind power smoothly for a single wind turbine, which is an important condition for high-quality power generation and can reduce the pressure of peak shaving of thermal power.

[0045] The benefits of wind turbines outputting constant power include: improved grid stability; simplified dispatch management; reduced power quality issues; enhanced fault ride-through capability; and compatibility with existing grid structures.

[0046] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the closed circular artificial river is actually a circular waterway. After the wind direction is determined, sails are evenly distributed on special vessels sailing on the closed circular artificial river. At the same time, because each sail is in a different coordinate position, some sails receive the wind with the wind, some sails receive the crosswind, and some sails are in the wind with the wind. In addition to adjusting the wind-receiving area and angle of attack of each sail using an angle-adjusting device, the sails on the hull in the wind-receiving section are used to reduce wind resistance. Sometimes, a fully electric ship propulsion system is needed to increase propulsion and maintain the sailing speed of the special vessels.

[0047] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the special vessel sails on the closed circular artificial river. When a fixed weather vane is in place, each time the special vessel rotates once, a certain sail will inevitably experience different wind directions such as tailwind, crosswind, and headwind. In order to obtain more wind energy, the sail on the special vessel must continuously adjust the angle of attack of the sail according to the Bernoulli effect under crosswind conditions to maximize the wind energy utilization efficiency of the special vessel, thereby increasing the sailing speed and driving the main generator to generate electricity.

[0048] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, maximizing wind energy utilization is one of the core issues of the invention, which requires accurate measurement of natural wind speed and direction. The anemometer is arranged outside the closed circular artificial river, and the distance between it and the special vessel is required to be as short as possible, based on the distributed processing of real-time data provided by the anemometer to obtain calculation results and the time required for execution.

[0049] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, when maximizing wind energy utilization, attention should also be paid to the special characteristics of the special vessel, namely, that the special vessel can only perform circular motion, and maximizing wind energy utilization can only be achieved by adjusting the angle of attack of the sail hull using the angle-adjusting device. When facing headwinds, since the vessel's direction cannot be adjusted, the only method to reduce wind resistance is to be adopted.

[0050] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the purpose of maximizing wind energy utilization is that there are too many factors affecting wind energy utilization and they change too quickly, so a central controller is needed to propose the best method for wind energy utilization based on various parameters and through computing power.

[0051] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the all-electric ship propulsion system can improve the minimum starting wind speed for wind power generation. The starting wind speed for horizontal wind power generation is typically 3-4 meters per second. A sail-type wind turbine also has its own starting wind speed requirements, and starting it with natural wind is even more difficult. However, with the all-electric ship propulsion system, the sail-type wind turbine can be started using its own power system under even lower wind conditions.

[0052] Based on a third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the starting system includes an electromagnetic clutch drive system. The starting torque of a generator typically refers to the starting torque of its drive motor at the moment of startup, and this starting torque also determines the starting wind speed. If an electromagnetic clutch design is used, special vessels generally need to overcome significant static inertia at the moment of startup. The electromagnetic clutch disconnects the load on the generator's transmission system, allowing the special vessel to start only by overcoming the static resistance of the water, significantly reducing the starting load. This also reduces the requirement for starting wind speed.

[0053] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the starting device with an electromagnetic clutch is of great advantage in maximizing wind energy utilization. Under extreme wind conditions, ordinary horizontal generator sets can only be shut down. With sail-type generator sets, when wind speeds far exceed the rated wind speed, the only solution is to reduce the wind-receiving area of ​​the sails, thus reducing wind energy utilization. Through the clutch starting system, multiple generator sets can be mechanically connected in parallel next to the main generator as needed, increasing the navigation load of special vessels and achieving the goal of maximizing wind energy utilization.

[0054] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the braking control system differs from that of ships, which stop with anchors. It also differs from brake discs or pads used in vehicles, because water resistance is low and rapid braking is not possible. The braking control system is a braking procedure combined with a braking device. To stop the wind power system, the sails must be lowered, the all-electric propulsion system switched to a counter-rotating propeller, and the physical braking devices installed on both sides of the closed circular artificial river must be activated to force the special vessel to stop.

[0055] Based on the third aspect, in some embodiments of the present invention, the all-electric ship propulsion system can also overcome the impact of calm winds on the generator set. Brief periods of calm wind result in zero power generation, further exacerbating the unreliability of wind power as a renewable energy source. The special vessel employs an all-electric ship propulsion system; as long as the energy storage system stores sufficient power, the all-electric propulsion system can be activated when the special vessel's speed approaches a threshold, enabling the special vessel to reach the standard speed under calm wind conditions.

[0056] Compared with existing wind power generation technologies, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a sail-type wind turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: constructing an elevated closed-loop artificial river; a special vessel is placed in the closed-loop artificial river; the special vessel is connected to the main generator via a connecting rod; the special vessel is equipped with a sail and an angle-adjusting device, and these electrical devices can be controlled by mains power. When the sail captures sufficient wind power, it propels the special vessel to sail rapidly on the closed-loop artificial river, thereby driving the main generator to rotate.

[0057] In this embodiment, staff can generate electricity using wind power by managing the sail-shaped wind turbine generator set. Because low-altitude wind power generation is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to install and maintain, has minimal impact on the ecological environment such as bird migration, and has a limited noise propagation range, reducing disturbance to surrounding residents.

[0058] Secondly, an embodiment of this application provides a sail-type wind turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: an artificial closed-loop river is erected on the ground; outside the artificial closed-loop river, there is a planetary gear internal gear ring, the internal gear ring and the artificial closed-loop river forming a concentric circle; a special vessel is on the artificial closed-loop river, the special vessel having multiple planetary gears, the planetary gears and the internal gear ring maintaining close meshing; the special vessel is equipped with several secondary generators, an energy storage system, and a sail; the special vessel can drive the main generator to generate electricity through the meshing of the planetary gears and the sun gear; the sail is controlled by an angle adjustment and lifting device; when the sail captures sufficient wind power, it will propel the special vessel to sail rapidly, thereby driving the secondary generators and the main generator to generate electricity.

[0059] Because the internal gear ring, planetary gears, and sun gear form a planetary gear system. After the sail captures sufficient wind power, the special vessel sails on the closed circular artificial river; the planetary gears on the special vessel drive the entire planetary gear system to rotate; the circular motion of the planetary gears causes the shaft of the fixed planetary gear to rotate, driving the secondary generator to generate electricity, begin storing a large amount of electrical energy, and supply power to the electrical facilities on the special vessel; the sun gear is driven by the planetary gears, the shaft of the fixed sun gear rotates, and the main generator begins to generate electricity.

[0060] In this embodiment, the integration of the planetary gear system with the closed-loop artificial river requires extremely high precision in processing, construction, and coordination. This wind power generation structure is compact, and the rotation of the planetary gears solves the power supply problem on special vessels, providing conditions for utilizing extreme wind energy and resolving the inherent intermittency and volatility of wind power in relation to the grid stability requirements.

[0061] Thirdly, the embodiment of this application provides a sail-shaped wind turbine generator set, which includes the following steps: a special vessel is on the closed circular artificial river, the special vessel is equipped with a fully electric ship propulsion system; the wind speed and direction measuring instrument provides meteorological data in real time; the central controller performs distributed processing of various data; and there is a start and brake control system.

[0062] It should be pointed out that the all-electric ship propulsion system assisted propulsion method of the present invention solves the problem of uneven power output caused by the intermittency and fluctuation of wind power, which is of key significance for improving grid stability and energy utilization and has independent technical value.

[0063] This embodiment addresses several common problems encountered by horizontal wind turbine generators: 1. Difficulty in starting up; 2. The inherent defects of wind energy, such as low density, instability, intermittency, and fluctuation; 3. The inability to utilize a large amount of wind energy under extreme wind conditions; 4. Maximizing wind energy utilization; and 5. Environmental friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0065] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simplified method for generating a sail-shaped wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sail-shaped wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention; Appendix Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a sail-shaped wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention; Icon 1 – Linkage; 2 – Special vessel; 3 – Main generator; 4 – Angle adjustment mechanism; 5 – Sail; 6 – Internal gear ring; 7 – Planetary gear; 8 – Secondary generator; 9 – Sun gear; 10 – Energy storage system; 11 – Propeller; 12 – Gearbox; 13 – Overhead structure; 14 – River channel. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0067] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention. Example

[0068] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 As shown in the figure. An embodiment of the present invention provides a sail-shaped wind power generation method, which includes the following steps: according to the indication of the wind vane, the special vessel 2 in the figure is driven by the wind and sails in a counterclockwise direction; the special vessel 2 is connected to the main generator 3 through the connecting rod 1; the special vessel 2 sails, driving the main shaft of the main generator to rotate, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, and the main generator 3 generates electricity.

[0069] Appendix Figure 1The special vessel 2 shown is a ship equipped with five sails 5, which are evenly distributed on the deck of the special vessel. From a top view, the shape of the special vessel 2 is completely consistent with a closed circular artificial river. The reason for adopting this design is that... 1. Because the sails 5 are evenly distributed, at least two sails 5 can be in the downwind and crosswind areas during navigation, thus ensuring the utilization of wind energy.

[0070] 2. The shape of the special vessel 2 is exactly the same as that of the closed circular artificial river, in order to prevent the vessel from swaying due to strong winds stirring the water during extreme wind conditions.

[0071] 3. The special vessel type 2 design is to ensure that the vessel can navigate stably under extreme wind conditions.

[0072] 4. The design of using ships instead of rail vehicles makes full use of the buoyancy of ships, because the unit energy consumption of water transport is lower than that of land transport, thus saving wind energy (of course, in areas where water resources are scarce, rail vehicles can be used instead of ships).

[0073] 5. Special vessels 2 can be equipped with more robust sails 5 and carry heavy energy storage batteries.

[0074] Because the closed circular artificial river is circular, the special vessel 2 can only sail in a circle around the main generator 3. When the sail 5 enters the headwind area, in order to reduce the impact of wind energy on the sail, the sail 5 has only two options: one is to lower the sail 5, and the other is to align the side of the sail with the apparent wind direction in order to reduce wind resistance and improve wind energy utilization.

[0075] Appendix Figure 1 It is a simple sail-type wind turbine generator set. When raising and lowering the sail 5 and adjusting the angle of the sail 5, electricity is required, which is generally provided by the mains power.

[0076] The mains power supply can be provided via an overhead contact line. In this embodiment, only a side-mounted overhead contact line can be used.

[0077] The raising and lowering system of the sail can be designed with reference to the intelligent flag-raising system, and will not be described here.

[0078] The sail's angle adjustment mechanism 4, in fact, the sail 5 sits on a rotating disc, which is controlled by a servo motor.

[0079] This simple sail-shaped wind turbine generator also has obvious drawbacks. Apart from being able to collect wind energy and generate electricity in extreme wind conditions, it cannot solve the problem of uneven power output caused by the intermittency and fluctuation of wind power. Example

[0080] Please refer to the attached document. Figure 2 , three As shown in the figure. An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for a sail-type wind turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: According to the wind vane, the special vessel 2 in the figure travels counterclockwise. Planetary gears 7 are installed on the deck of the special vessel 2; planetary gears 7 mesh with an internal gear ring 6 and a sun gear 9; the special vessel 2, driven by wind, travels counterclockwise, and planetary gears 7 follow the special vessel 2 in circular motion; because it is a planetary gear system, planetary gears 7 and sun gear 9 each rotate around their own fixed axes; the special vessel 2 is equipped with a fully electric ship propulsion system, characterized by a propeller 11; the special vessel 2 contains an energy storage system 10; the rotation of planetary gears 7 around their fixed axes can drive a secondary generator 8 to generate electricity; the electrical energy generated by the secondary generator 8, according to the arrangement of the fully electric ship propulsion system, can be used to charge the energy storage system 10; it can also be used in the fully electric ship propulsion system to increase propulsion; it can also be used for raising, lowering, and adjusting the angle of the sail 5; the rotation of planetary gears 7 around their fixed axes also drives the sun gear 9 to rotate around its fixed axis, which in turn drives the main generator 3 to generate electricity through a gearbox 12.

[0081] Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 This illustrates a relatively complete example of a sail-type wind power generation system. The sail 5, capable of collecting wind energy over a large area, can propel a special vessel 2. Based on the core working principle of the planetary gear system, the movement of planetary gear 7 outputs two degrees of freedom: planetary gear 7 and sun gear 9. The movement of planetary gear 7 causes its fixed axis to rotate, driving the secondary generator 8 via gearbox 12; the rotation of sun gear 9 around its fixed axis drives the main generator 3 via a pulley to gearbox 12. Example

[0082] Please refer to the attached document. Figure 2 The importance of the planetary gear design.

[0083] The planetary gear design solves the energy management problem of special vessel 2 and also provides conditions for overcoming the problem of uneven power output caused by the intermittency and fluctuation of wind power.

[0084] Special vessel 2 has enough space to carry a large number of energy storage batteries 10. Although the weight increases, due to the effect of buoyancy, it has little impact on the wind-powered and electric-powered propulsion of special vessel 2.

[0085] After the secondary generator 8 starts operating, it can charge the energy storage battery 10 for an extended period. Once the energy storage battery 10 has stored sufficient energy, in the event of a prolonged period of calm winds, the sail-shaped wind turbine can rely on its abundant stored energy to start the all-electric ship propulsion system, enabling the special vessel 2 to continue sailing for a period of time and maintaining a stable power output from the main generator 3 without causing serious impact on the power grid. Similarly, when wind speeds experience severe intermittency and fluctuations, the timely activation of the all-electric ship propulsion system can compensate for the inadequacy of wind propulsion.

[0086] After generator 8 starts running, when wind energy is abundant and the energy storage battery is fully charged, excess power can also be supplied to the power grid through the side overhead contact line. Example

[0087] The present invention provides countermeasures for extreme wind conditions and strong typhoons.

[0088] When strong winds propel a special vessel at high speed, its mechanical energy far exceeds its rated electrical output. In this situation, the options are: Reducing the wind-receiving area of ​​sails wastes available wind energy resources.

[0089] Increase the number of main generators 3, which means increase the power generation, and increase the load on the special ship 2's voyage.

[0090] In conditions of abundant wind energy, effectively utilizing wind energy resources is crucial. In fact, the power output of wind turbines varies at different wind speeds; this relationship is determined by their "power curve." (See attached...) Figure 3 As can be seen, the rotational speed of the fixed shaft of the sun gear 9 varies depending on the wind force. This variation is amplified as the speed is transmitted through a belt pulley to the gearbox 12 and then to the main generator 3.

[0091] If the rated power output of the generator is configured according to the windward area of ​​the sail, when the wind speed is lower than the design requirements, the main generator 3 will output low power due to the power curve; when the wind speed reaches the rated speed, the main generator 3 will output the rated power; when the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed, the main generator 3 will output high power; when a typhoon comes, the wind speed will far exceed the rated wind speed, the main generator 3 will overheat due to excessive speed, and in the end, the machine will be destroyed and people will die.

[0092] The main generator 3 of this invention is designed with multiple generators of different rated power, controlled separately by electromagnetic clutches. When the wind speed is low, the fixed shaft speed of the sun gear 9 is also low. Through the amplification effect of the pulley and gearbox, the main generator 3 outputs a smaller rated power. When the wind speed increases, the main generator 3 with a larger rated power is started, outputting a larger rated power. When the wind speed is even higher, the fixed shaft speed of the sun gear 9 is even higher. The main generator 3 with a larger rated power is driven by the pulley, and the smaller power main generator is shut down. When a typhoon arrives, the wind speed reaches its limit, and the fixed shaft speed of the sun gear 9 also reaches its limit. At this time, belt reduction drive is used to start a generator with a larger rated power. Moreover, multiple main generators 3 can be used simultaneously to generate electricity, converting abundant wind energy into electrical energy.

[0093] Example 5: Maximizing wind energy utilization.

[0094] Although the anemometer and central controller are not shown in the attached diagram, the wind vane effectively indicates their presence. The anemometer can measure wind direction changes in real time and quickly delineate which areas are downwind and which are upwind. This is a prerequisite for the central controller to establish its physical coordinates.

[0095] The establishment of the physical coordinate system. Specifically, the three-dimensional geocentric coordinates (longitude, latitude, and altitude) provided by the BeiDou system are used to establish the planar physical coordinate system of this invention. This refers to a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (X, Y), with the origin set at the adjacent point. Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 In the middle, the origin of the main generator 3.

[0096] The orientation of physical coordinates changes due to the real-time information provided by the wind speed and direction measuring instrument. This should be a normal process of conversion with BeiDou coordinate projection.

[0097] With the help of the Beidou positioning system, the physical location of each sail 5 of a special vessel can be easily determined. Then, based on the natural wind speed and direction of each sail 5, and the wind speed and direction of the traveling wind of each sail 5, the apparent wind speed and direction of each sail 5 can be calculated. The optimal wind position of each sail 5 can be determined by the angle adjustment mechanism 4.

[0098] Example 6: The role of an all-electric ship propulsion system.

[0099] The all-electric marine propulsion system includes key components such as a prime mover, generator, switchboard, propulsion motor, and propeller. Special vessel 2 has one all-electric marine propulsion system, with several propulsion motors and propellers 11 evenly distributed at the bottom of the vessel.

[0100] To improve propulsion, propeller 11 is installed at the bottom of special vessel 2. The bottom of special vessel 2 requires a special design to increase its propulsion. Details will not be elaborated here.

[0101] Example 7: Braking system.

[0102] The braking control system is not shown in the attached diagram because the braking structure is relatively simple. The braking control system includes a braking program and a braking device. When a braking command is issued, the wind power system operates as follows: the sails 5 must be lowered, the all-electric propulsion system must be switched to a counter-rotating propeller 11, and the physical braking devices installed on both sides of the closed circular artificial river must be activated to force the special vessel 2 to stop.

[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0104] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0105] Application scenario expansion It should be noted that the sail-shaped wind turbine generator described in this invention is not limited to using special vessels and water as the operating medium. Those skilled in the art will understand that in areas with scarce water resources but abundant wind energy, special rail vehicles can capture wind energy through the sail surface to drive a generator. Although the effect is not as strong as that of a special sail-shaped vessel, it is superior in making full use of natural resources.

[0106] Therefore, any technical solution that uses a modified special transportation tool to generate electricity based on the special vessel described in this invention falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A sail-shaped wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, Including the following organizations: In a closed circular artificial river, the closed circular artificial river is filled with enough water to float a boat of a certain weight; The closed circular artificial river is navigated by a special type of vessel; The special vessel is equipped with a secondary generator, energy storage system, and all-electric ship propulsion system; The special vessel sails on the closed circular artificial river, which can drive the main generator to rotate; The closed circular artificial river has an internal gear ring on its outer side, and the special vessel is equipped with planetary gears, which together with the sun gear installed on the main generator form a planetary gear system. The special vessel is equipped with sails that can be automatically raised and lowered and whose angle of attack can be adjusted; The special vessel controls the raising and lowering of the sails, angle of attack, and all-electric propulsion system based on information from the wind speed and direction measuring instrument and processed by the central controller. The closed circular artificial river and the special vessel are equipped with a braking system.

2. The sail-shaped wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric parameters of the closed circular artificial river section should be completely consistent, and the water level in the closed circular artificial river channel should be precisely controlled through regulating facilities such as gates and pumps.

3. A sail-type wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, comprising a special vessel, characterized in that, The width of the special vessel is close to the width of the closed circular artificial river, leaving only enough room for free passage.

4. As described in claim 3, characterized in that, The special vessel sails on the surface of the closed circular artificial river and can make circular motion around the same center of the closed circular artificial river.

5. As described in claim 3, characterized in that, The special vessel has an arc-shaped length and shape, and the central angle of its arc is exactly the same as the arc of the closed circular artificial river.

6. As described in claim 3, characterized in that, The special vessel is equipped with a fully electric propulsion system, which can start, stop, reverse, accelerate, and idle the special vessel according to the instructions of the central controller.

7. As described in claim 3, characterized in that, The special vessel is equipped with a secondary generator that generates electricity using its relative motion with the environment, and supplies power to the energy storage system, electrical equipment, and all-electric propulsion system on the vessel.

8. As described in claim 3, characterized in that, The special vessel is equipped with sails, which are raised and lowered by the electric lift, and the angle of attack of the sails is adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism.

9. A sail-shaped wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central controller uses real-time meteorological data provided by the wind speed and direction measuring instrument to intelligently calculate the wind-receiving area and angle of attack of each sail, as well as the propulsion force of the special vessel.

10. A method for generating electricity based on a sail-shaped wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The sail captures wind energy and converts it into propulsion to propel the special vessel through the water. Water is used as the operating medium for the special vessel, and the vessel's movement drives a generator to rotate, transferring mechanical energy to a power generation device to produce electricity.

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