A plunger pump device and a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer

Abstract

The application discloses a plunger pump device and a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer, and relates to the technical field of homogenizers. The plunger pump device comprises a pump body and a one-way valve assembly. A through hole is formed in the pump body and penetrates the pump body along the axial direction of the pump body. The one-way valve assembly is installed at one end of the through hole and is arranged close to the feeding side of the pump body. The feeding pipeline of the one-way valve assembly extends to the outside of the through hole. A discharging port is also formed in the pump body. When the plunger rod in the pump body acts and sucks in materials, the one-way valve assembly can be opened under the action of the materials in the feeding pipeline, so that the materials enter the through hole. When the plunger rod acts in the opposite direction, the one-way valve assembly is closed, and the materials in the through hole are discharged to the homogenizing cavity through the discharging port. The application can realize stress concentration-free of the pump body, size limitation-free of the feeding channel and smooth system exhaust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of homogenizer technology, and in particular to a plunger pump device and a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure micro-jet homogenizers are mainly used in fields such as biomedicine, food processing, and new materials. They are core equipment for the ultra-fine and homogeneous dispersion of materials. The plunger pump, as its high-pressure generating unit, needs to operate stably under ultra-high pressure conditions of over 2000 bar. The reliability of its feeding structure directly affects the performance of the whole machine.

[0003] Traditional plunger pumps typically employ a side-mounted check valve via a transverse hole on the pump body. To accommodate viscous materials, the check valve and locking mechanism require large inner and outer diameters, necessitating the creation of large transverse holes and threads on the pump body side. However, the presence of these large transverse holes leads to severe stress concentration on the pump body end face under ultra-high pressure reciprocating loads, resulting in fatigue cracking after prolonged operation. This poses significant safety hazards and shortens equipment lifespan.

[0004] To address the pump body cracking issue, existing improvement solutions often replace the side transverse holes with a central through-hole in the pump body. While this eliminates the risk of stress concentration at the end face, it requires connecting a three-way valve block to the high-pressure pipeline via a feed check valve. The high-pressure pipeline must withstand pressures exceeding 2000 bar, resulting in limited pipeline diameter, difficulty in sealing, and challenges in system venting. This leads to problems such as poor feeding, air binding, and poor operational stability, failing to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of ultra-high pressure structural safety and smooth feeding of high-viscosity materials.

[0005] In summary, the existing plunger pump feeding structure of high-pressure microjet homogenizers presents a technical contradiction: the need to balance "pump body fatigue cracking resistance" with "adaptability to feeding high-viscosity materials". Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plunger pump device and a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to achieve no stress concentration in the pump body, no size limitation in the feed channel, and smooth exhaust of the system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a plunger pump device, including a pump body and a one-way valve assembly. The pump body has a through hole that extends through the pump body along its axial direction. The one-way valve assembly is installed at one end of the through hole and is located near the feed side of the pump body. The feed pipe of the one-way valve assembly extends to the outside of the through hole. The pump body also has a discharge port. When the plunger rod in the pump body moves and draws in material, the one-way valve assembly can open under the action of the material in the feed pipe, allowing the material to enter the through hole. When the plunger rod moves in the opposite direction, the one-way valve assembly closes and allows the material in the through hole to be discharged into the homogenization chamber through the discharge port.

[0008] Preferably, the one-way valve assembly includes an elastic element, a valve core, and a sealing head. Both the valve core and the sealing head are hollow. One end of the elastic element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the tail of the valve core, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the annular stepped surface of the inner wall of the through hole. The elastic element is always in a compressed state. The feed pipe is located at the end of the sealing head away from the valve core, and the end of the sealing head close to the valve core is sleeved on the outer periphery of the head of the valve core. When the plunger rod moves away from the valve core, the valve core moves away from the sealing head. At this time, the sealing head opens and allows material to enter the through hole. When the plunger rod moves towards the valve core, the valve core moves towards the sealing head under the action of the material in the through hole and seals the sealing head. At this time, the material in the through hole can be discharged to the homogenization chamber through the discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing head has a mounting hole at one end near the valve core, and the mounting hole is a flared opening; the head of the valve core is frustoconical, and the outer wall of the head of the valve core can fit against the inner wall of the mounting hole.

[0010] Preferably, the valve core head is provided with a plurality of small holes, the small holes being able to penetrate the side wall of the valve core head.

[0011] Preferably, the plurality of small holes are evenly arranged around the circumference of the valve core.

[0012] Preferably, the outer periphery of the elastic element contacts the inner wall of the through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic element is a spring.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of sealing rings are provided between the outer wall of the sealing head and the inner wall of the through hole.

[0015] Preferably, the axis of the discharge port is perpendicular to the axis of the through hole.

[0016] The present invention also provides a microjet high-pressure homogenizer, including the plunger pump device described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The plunger pump device and micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer provided by this invention include a pump body and a one-way valve assembly. The pump body has a through hole that extends axially through the pump body. The one-way valve assembly is installed at one end of the through hole, and is positioned near the feed side of the pump body. Because an axially extending through hole is used, and lateral openings are eliminated, the problem of stress concentration in the pump body is completely eliminated, preventing cracking at its source. The feed pipe of the one-way valve assembly extends outside the through hole and is used to connect to a material supply device. Since the one-way valve assembly is integrated into the feed side of the through hole, and the feed side is under low pressure throughout, a large diameter feed pipe can be made, thus adapting to high-viscosity materials. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the feed pipe can be freely designed according to the flowability requirements of viscous materials, ensuring smooth and unobstructed feeding. In addition, the low pressure... The feed pipeline significantly reduces the difficulty of sealing, allowing air in the system to be effectively discharged through the large-diameter feed pipeline, avoiding air binding. The pump body also has a discharge port. When the plunger rod in the pump body moves and draws in material, the one-way valve assembly can be opened by the material in the feed pipeline, allowing the material to enter the through hole and realize the feeding action. When the plunger rod moves in the opposite direction, the one-way valve assembly closes, at which point the material cannot be discharged through the one-way valve assembly, and thus the material in the through hole can be discharged into the homogenization chamber through the discharge port. Through the above design, the setting of high-pressure external pipeline and three-way valve block is eliminated, making the structure simpler, the sealing more reliable, and the venting smoother. As a result, the overall structure has a longer service life, more stable operation, and easier maintenance under ultra-high pressure conditions, ultimately achieving a balance between high-pressure reliability and feeding adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plunger pump device in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pump body in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way valve assembly in Embodiment 1; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Left view of the plunger pump assembly; Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA section view; In the diagram: 1-Pump body, 2-Plunger rod, 3-Check valve assembly, 4-Sealing head, 5-Valve core, 6-Elastic element, 7-Feed pipe, 8-Small hole, 9-Annular stepped surface, 10-Sealing ring, 11-Through hole, 12-Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plunger pump device and a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to achieve no stress concentration in the pump body, no size limitation in the feed channel, and smooth exhaust of the system.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-5As shown, this embodiment provides a plunger pump device, including a pump body 1 and a one-way valve assembly 3. A through hole 11 is provided on the pump body 1, extending axially through the pump body 1. The one-way valve assembly 3 is installed at one end within the through hole 11, and is positioned near the feed side of the pump body 1. By using an axially extending through hole 11 and eliminating lateral openings, the stress concentration problem in the pump body 1 is completely eliminated, preventing cracking at its source. The feed pipe 7 of the one-way valve assembly 3 extends to the outside of the through hole 11 and is used to connect to a material supply device. Since the one-way valve assembly 3 is integrated into the feed side of the through hole 11, and the feed side is under low pressure throughout, the feed pipe 7 can be made with a large diameter, thus adapting to high-viscosity materials. The inner diameter of the feed pipe 7 can be freely designed according to the flowability requirements of viscous materials, ensuring smooth and unobstructed feeding. Furthermore, the low-pressure feed pipe 7 significantly reduces the sealing difficulty, allowing air in the system to pass through. The feed pipe 7 with a large diameter effectively discharges, avoiding air binding (air binding occurs when the pump is leaking air in the inlet pipe, causing air to be drawn into the pump, preventing the formation of sufficient low pressure inside, thus preventing the pump from drawing in liquid and causing interruption of discharge). The pump body 1 is also provided with a discharge port 12. When the plunger rod 2 in the pump body 1 moves and draws in material, the one-way valve assembly 3 can be opened by the material in the feed pipe 7, allowing the material to enter the through hole 11 and realize the feeding action. When the plunger rod 2 moves in the opposite direction, the one-way valve assembly 3 closes, and the material cannot be discharged through the one-way valve assembly 3. Thus, the material in the through hole 11 can be discharged into the homogenization chamber through the discharge port 12. Through the above design, the setting of high-pressure external pipeline and three-way valve block is eliminated, making the structure simpler, the sealing more reliable, and the venting smoother. This makes the overall structure have a longer service life, more stable operation, and easier maintenance under ultra-high pressure conditions, ultimately achieving a unity of high-pressure reliability and feeding adaptability.

[0024] Specifically, the one-way valve assembly 3 includes an elastic element 6, a valve core 5, and a sealing head 4. Both the valve core 5 and the sealing head 4 are hollow internally, facilitating the formation of channels for material passage. One end of the elastic element 6 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the tail of the valve core 5, and the other end of the elastic element 6 abuts against the annular stepped surface 9 on the inner wall of the through hole 11. That is, an annular stepped surface 9 is provided on both the outer periphery of the valve core 5 and the inner wall of the through hole 11, and the two annular stepped surfaces 9 are arranged facing each other, thereby enabling the two ends of the elastic element 6 to pass through respectively. The limit switch, through the setting of two annular stepped surfaces 9, ensures that the elastic element 6 is always in a compressed state and that the elastic element 6 can provide a pre-tightening reset force to the valve core 5. This ensures that the valve core 5 can fit against the sealing head 4 even under low pressure / no pressure, preventing leakage at the sealing head 4 and ensuring stable seating of the valve core 5. The feed pipe 7 is located at the end of the sealing head 4 furthest from the valve core 5. Material enters the sealing head 4 and the valve core 5 through the feed pipe 7. The sealing head 4, at the end closest to the valve core 5, is sleeved on the head of the valve core 5. On the outer periphery, the sealing head 4 can be blocked and opened by the cooperation between the inner wall of the sealing head 4 and the outer wall of the valve core 5. When the plunger rod 2 moves away from the valve core 5, that is, when the plunger rod 2 is pulled back, the space in the through hole 11 increases, generating negative pressure. At this time, the valve core 5 moves away from the sealing head 4 to open the sealing head 4, so that the material in the feed pipe 7 can enter the valve core 5 through the gap between the sealing head 4 and the valve core 5, and then enter the through hole 11 to achieve liquid suction (i.e., feeding). When the stopper rod 2 moves towards the valve core 5, the space of the through hole 11 decreases, which causes the valve core 5 to move towards the sealing head 4 under the action of the material in the through hole 11. This causes the valve core 5 to fit into the sealing head 4, thereby sealing the sealing head 4 and preventing the material from being discharged through the one-way valve assembly 3. At this time, the material in the through hole 11 can only be discharged into the homogenization chamber through the discharge port 12, so that the material undergoes high-speed shearing, impact collision and cavitation effect in the homogenization chamber, achieving nanoscale crushing, dispersion and emulsification.

[0025] The sealing head 4 has a mounting hole at one end near the valve core 5, and the mounting hole is a flared opening; the head of the valve core 5 is frustoconical, and the outer wall of the head of the valve core 5 can fit against the inner wall of the mounting hole. At the same time, the sealing effect of the valve core 5 on the sealing head 4 is improved by the cooperation between the mounting hole and the frustoconical structure of the head of the valve core 5.

[0026] As another preferred embodiment, the seal between the valve core 5 and the sealing head 4 can also be replaced with a hard seal without an O-ring, or a ball seal, as long as it can achieve the sealing and function as a one-way valve.

[0027] The valve core 5 has multiple small holes 8 at its head. These holes 8 penetrate the side wall of the valve core 5 head, thus connecting the inner cavity of the valve core 5 with the outside of the valve core 5. The small holes 8 serve to buffer and relieve pressure, reducing water hammer impact during valve core 5 opening and closing, protecting the sealing surface, and extending service life under ultra-high pressure conditions. They also allow for rapid pressure connection between the front and rear chambers of the valve core 5, preventing radial misalignment or jamming due to unilateral pressure and ensuring smooth reciprocating motion. As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of small holes 8 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the valve core 5, and the number and arrangement of the small holes 8 can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0028] The outer periphery of the elastic element 6 contacts the inner wall of the through hole 11, thereby limiting the elastic element 6 circumferentially through the inner wall of the through hole 11, so that the inner wall of the through hole 11 provides stable support for the outer periphery of the air guide of the elastic element 6, ensuring that the valve core 5 does not deflect radially due to gravity when installed horizontally.

[0029] In this embodiment, the elastic element 6 is preferably a spring.

[0030] A number of sealing rings 10 are provided between the outer wall of the sealing head 4 and the inner wall of the through hole 11. By setting the sealing rings 10, the gap between the outer wall of the sealing head 4 and the inner wall of the through hole 11 can be sealed, thereby improving the sealing effect and preventing material leakage at this gap.

[0031] In this embodiment, the axis of the discharge port 12 is perpendicular to the axis of the through hole 11, which neither affects the movement of the plunger rod 2 nor the installation of the homogenization chamber.

[0032] Because the plunger pump device in this embodiment retains the through-hole 11 structure of the pump body 1 and avoids the existence of side transverse holes, it eliminates the stress concentration problem on the end face of the pump body 1 caused by large-sized openings in traditional solutions, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of fatigue cracking. Simultaneously, by integrating the one-way valve assembly 3 into the tail of the through-hole 11, the feed pipe 7 is located on the outer part of the sealing head 4 and no longer bears ultra-high pressure. Therefore, the inner diameter of the feed pipe 7 can be freely designed according to the flowability requirements of viscous materials, ensuring smooth and unobstructed feeding. Furthermore, the low-pressure feed pipe 7 significantly reduces the sealing difficulty, allowing air in the system to be effectively discharged through the large-diameter feed pipe 7, avoiding air binding. The valve core 5 is supported by a spring and stably guided by the inner wall of the pump body 1, ensuring reliable centering and precise sealing action when installed horizontally. In summary, this embodiment, while ensuring the structural safety of the pump body 1, completely liberates the design limitations of the feeding system, achieving a balance between feeding performance and structural reliability under high-pressure conditions.

[0033] Example 2 This embodiment provides a microjet high-pressure homogenizer, including the plunger pump device in Embodiment 1. In addition, the microjet high-pressure homogenizer provided in this embodiment also includes conventional power and control modules, etc.

[0034] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A plunger pump device, characterized in that: The pump includes a pump body and a one-way valve assembly. The pump body has a through hole that extends through the pump body along its axial direction. The one-way valve assembly is installed at one end of the through hole and is located near the feed side of the pump body. The feed pipe of the one-way valve assembly extends to the outside of the through hole. The pump body also has a discharge port. When the plunger rod in the pump body moves and draws in material, the one-way valve assembly can open under the action of the material in the feed pipe, allowing the material to enter the through hole. When the plunger rod moves in the opposite direction, the one-way valve assembly closes and allows the material in the through hole to be discharged into the homogenization chamber through the discharge port.

2. The plunger pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve assembly includes an elastic element, a valve core, and a sealing head. Both the valve core and the sealing head are hollow. One end of the elastic element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the tail of the valve core, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the annular stepped surface of the inner wall of the through hole. The elastic element is always in a compressed state. The feed pipe is located at the end of the sealing head away from the valve core, and the end of the sealing head close to the valve core is sleeved on the outer periphery of the head of the valve core. When the plunger rod moves away from the valve core, the valve core moves away from the sealing head. At this time, the sealing head opens and allows material to enter the through hole. When the plunger rod moves closer to the valve core, the valve core moves closer to the sealing head under the action of the material in the through hole and seals the sealing head. At this time, the material in the through hole can be discharged to the homogenization chamber through the discharge port.

3. The plunger pump device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing head has a mounting hole at one end near the valve core, and the mounting hole is a flared opening; the head of the valve core is frustoconical, and the outer wall of the head of the valve core can fit against the inner wall of the mounting hole.

4. The plunger pump device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve core has multiple small holes at its head, which can penetrate the side wall of the valve core head.

5. The plunger pump device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multiple small holes are evenly arranged around the circumference of the valve core.

6. The plunger pump device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the elastic element contacts the inner wall of the through hole.

7. The plunger pump device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic element is a spring.

8. The plunger pump device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several sealing rings are provided between the outer wall of the sealing head and the inner wall of the through hole.

9. The plunger pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the discharge port is perpendicular to the axis of the through hole.

10. A micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer, characterized in that: The plunger pump device includes any one of claims 1-9.

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