Bypass valve based on multi-working-condition dynamic adjustment

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of bypass valve technology, specifically a bypass valve based on multi-condition dynamic adjustment. It includes a valve body, within which a valve core assembly is installed. The valve core assembly consists of three coaxially nested layers: an outer valve core, a middle valve core, and an inner valve core. The outer valve core has a first air guide hole on its side wall, the middle valve core has a second air guide hole on its side wall, and the inner valve core has a third air guide hole on its side wall. The middle and / or inner valve cores can be rotated to align or misalign the first, second, and third air guide holes, thereby changing the length of the airflow path. By designing the valve core as a three-layer structure (outer, middle, and inner), and because both the middle and inner valve cores can rotate, the airflow path can be extended, improving the pressure reduction effect under different gas pressure conditions. This effectively reduces gas velocity and pressure under high-pressure conditions, mitigates the impact of high-pressure, high-speed airflow on the sealing surfaces of the valve core and valve stem, and improves sealing reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bypass valve technology, specifically a bypass valve based on dynamic adjustment under multiple operating conditions. Background Technology

[0002] A bypass valve is a core control component used to relieve pressure and maintain pressure balance in pipeline media. It is widely used in fluid pipeline systems such as steam networks and industrial gas transmission.

[0003] In the prior art, the opening and closing of the bypass valve is mainly controlled by the valve stem, valve core, and sleeve. The sleeve is fitted on the outside of the valve core, and the air inlet on the sleeve is connected to the inner cavity of the valve core. The valve stem controls the opening and closing of the air inlet by means of an air hole near or away from the bottom of the valve core. Gas is transported from the pipeline on the bypass valve to the inside of the valve body, passes through the air inlet on the sleeve, enters the inner cavity of the valve core through the through hole on the side wall of the valve core, and finally exits through the air hole at the bottom of the valve core, allowing the gas to enter the downstream pipeline or be released to a designated location to complete the pressure relief operation.

[0004] However, since the valve core can only change the overlap area between its side wall through-hole and the air inlet on the sleeve by raising and lowering it to change the intake volume under different input air pressures and maintain the total gas output balance of the bypass valve, the gas flow path length remains constant during the process of gas being transported from the outside of the sleeve to the inner cavity of the valve core. When the input air pressure is too high, if the gas flow path is too short, insufficient pressure reduction may occur, resulting in the gas remaining under high pressure after entering the inner cavity of the valve core. This causes the high-pressure airflow to directly erode the mating surface between the valve stem and the valve core air hole, easily causing erosion and cavitation wear, which in turn leads to sealing failure and internal leakage of the medium. To address these shortcomings, this invention proposes a bypass valve based on multi-condition dynamic adjustment to effectively solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bypass valve based on dynamic adjustment under multiple operating conditions, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a bypass valve based on multi-condition dynamic adjustment, comprising a valve body, wherein a sleeve, a valve core assembly and a valve stem are installed inside the valve body, the sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the valve core assembly, the side wall of the sleeve has an air inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the valve core assembly, the bottom of the valve core assembly has an air outlet, the valve stem is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the valve core assembly along the valve body axis and is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet, and the valve core assembly as a whole can be raised and lowered along the valve body axis; The valve core assembly consists of three coaxially nested layers: an outer valve core, a middle valve core, and an inner valve core. The outer valve core has several first air guide holes on its sidewall, the middle valve core has several second air guide holes on its sidewall, and the inner valve core has several third air guide holes on its sidewall. The first, second, and third air guide holes correspond one-to-one and can be connected to the air inlet. The sleeve is provided with a drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the middle layer valve core and / or the inner layer valve core. The middle layer valve core and / or the inner layer valve core can be rotated to align or misalign the first air guide hole, the second air guide hole and the third air guide hole, so as to change the length of the airflow conduction path. During the upward movement of the valve core assembly, the overlap between the air guide hole and the air inlet is reduced, and the drive mechanism drives the middle valve core and / or the inner valve core to rotate to extend the airflow path.

[0007] Optionally, the inner wall of the outer valve core is provided with a first air guide channel that connects to the first air guide hole along its circumference, and the inner wall of the middle valve core is provided with a second air guide channel that connects to the second air guide hole along its circumference. When the first air guide hole, the second air guide hole, and the third air guide hole are aligned and distributed, the airflow conduction path length is the shortest. When the middle valve core and / or the inner valve core rotate in the direction of the extension of the air guide channel, the length of the airflow guide path is extended.

[0008] Optionally, the outer contour of the outer valve core is adapted to the inner contour of the sleeve, the outer valve core slides along the valve body axial direction and the sleeve, and the outer wall of the outer valve core is sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the sleeve. The length direction of the air inlet is distributed in the same direction as the axial direction of the valve body. A plurality of first air guide holes are arranged in an array along the axial and circumferential directions of the outer valve core. The air inlet and the plurality of axially arranged first air guide holes are aligned or staggered.

[0009] Optionally, the inner contour of the outer valve core is adapted to the outer contour of the middle valve core, the outer wall of the middle valve core is rotatably engaged with and sealed to the inner wall of the outer valve core, the inner contour of the middle valve core is adapted to the outer contour of the inner valve core, and the outer wall of the inner valve core is rotatably engaged with and sealed to the inner wall of the middle valve core.

[0010] Optionally, the outer valve core, middle valve core, and inner valve core all have an open top structure and an air outlet on the bottom surface. Several air outlets are aligned and distributed. A pilot valve seat is fixedly provided on the inner bottom wall of the inner valve core opposite the air outlet. The pilot valve seat has a through structure. The valve stem is vertically movable in the inner cavity of the inner valve core. The bottom end of the valve stem has a sealing surface that matches the top end of the pilot valve seat. The valve stem is used to separate from or abut against the pilot valve seat to control the opening and closing of the air outlet.

[0011] Optionally, a gland flange is fixedly installed at the top of the inner valve core, the bottom end of the gland flange is embedded in the inner cavity of the inner valve core, and a spring gland is fixedly installed on the side wall of the valve stem. The spring gland is located in the inner cavity of the inner valve core and its diameter is larger than the inner ring diameter of the gland flange.

[0012] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a first driving member fixedly installed on the top of the middle valve core, and a first driving rod is elastically connected to one end of the first driving member facing the inner wall of the sleeve along the radial direction of the middle valve core. The first driving rod is always subjected to an elastic force in the direction of the inner wall of the sleeve. The drive mechanism also includes a second drive component fixedly installed on the top of the inner valve core. One end of the second drive component facing the inner wall of the sleeve is elastically connected to a second drive rod in the radial direction of the inner valve core. The second drive rod is always subjected to an elastic force in the direction of the inner wall of the sleeve. The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove. The movable end of the first drive rod slides in the first sliding groove and is used to drive the middle valve core to rotate. The movable end of the second drive rod slides in the second sliding groove and is used to drive the inner valve core to rotate.

[0013] Optionally, the first slide groove is composed of a first inclined groove and a first straight groove, and the second slide groove is composed of a second inclined groove and a second straight groove. The first inclined groove and the second inclined groove both extend spirally upward along the circumference of the sleeve. The first inclined groove and the second inclined groove are distributed in parallel, and the length of the second inclined groove is greater than the length of the first inclined groove. The first straight groove and the second straight groove both extend axially along the valve body.

[0014] Optionally, a first sealing plate is fixedly provided inside the second air guide hole. The height of the first sealing plate is adapted to the height of the first air guide channel. One end of the first sealing plate extends radially outward from the middle layer valve core and into the first air guide channel. The end of the first sealing plate located in the first air guide channel is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the first air guide channel.

[0015] Optionally, a second sealing plate is fixedly provided inside the third air guide hole. The height of the second sealing plate is adapted to the height of the second air guide channel. One end of the second sealing plate extends radially outward from the inner valve core and into the second air guide channel. The end of the second sealing plate located in the second air guide channel is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the second air guide channel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a bypass valve based on dynamic adjustment under multiple operating conditions, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention designs the valve core as a three-layer structure (outer, middle, and inner). Since the middle and inner valve cores can rotate relative to the outer valve core, and the air guide channel extends in the same direction as the valve core rotation, the air guide hole can be rotated to different positions in the air guide channel. This extends the airflow path, improves the pressure reduction effect under different gas pressure conditions, effectively reduces the gas velocity and gas pressure under high pressure conditions, reduces the impact of high-pressure and high-speed airflow on the sealing surfaces of the valve core and valve stem, and improves sealing reliability. 2. This invention converts the lifting motion of the valve core assembly into the rotational motion of the valve core through a drive component. Since the number of air guide holes that open and close can be changed when the valve core as a whole lifts and lowers, the number of air guide holes that open and close can be matched with the length of the airflow path. As a result, when the air pressure is higher, the number of air guide holes that open is less and the airflow path is longer, which effectively maintains the balance of the total amount of gas output by the bypass valve and improves the stability of valve operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve and valve stem structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the sleeve and valve core assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of the low-pressure sleeve and valve core assembly of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core assembly under medium pressure conditions in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure valve core assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core assembly and drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a front sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Valve body; 2. Sleeve; 201. Air inlet; 202. First slide groove; 203. Second slide groove; 3. Valve stem; 301. Spring cover; 4. Outer valve core; 401. First air guide hole; 402. First air guide channel; 5. Middle valve core; 501. Second air guide hole; 502. Second air guide channel; 6. Inner valve core; 601. Third air guide hole; 602. Pilot-operated valve seat; 603. Cover flange; 7. Drive mechanism; 701. First drive component; 702. First drive rod; 703. Second drive component; 704. Second drive rod; 8. First sealing plate; 9. Second sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 This application proposes a bypass valve based on multi-condition dynamic adjustment, including a valve body 1. The valve body 1 is equipped with a sleeve 2, a valve core assembly and a valve stem 3. The sleeve 2 is sleeved on the outside of the valve core assembly. The side wall of the sleeve 2 has an air inlet 201 that communicates with the inner cavity of the valve core assembly. The bottom of the valve core assembly has an air outlet. The valve stem 3 is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the valve core assembly along the axial direction of the valve body 1 and is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet.

[0021] The sleeve 2 has a through structure and is fixedly installed inside the valve body 1 by bolts, stop washers and other connecting parts. The sleeve 2 and the inner wall of the valve body 1 enclose each other to form a gas chamber. The gas chamber is connected to the air inlet pipe and the air inlet 201 is located inside the gas chamber so that the gas can pass through the air inlet 201 and enter the inside of the sleeve 2.

[0022] On the other hand, there are several air inlets 201, which are arranged in a circle on the outer wall of the sleeve 2 to ensure that the gas can enter the inner side of the sleeve 2 evenly from the outside of the sleeve 2.

[0023] Furthermore, the valve core assembly consists of three coaxially nested layers: an outer valve core 4, a middle valve core 5, and an inner valve core 6. The outer valve core 4 has several first air guide holes 401 on its sidewall, the middle valve core 5 has several second air guide holes 501 on its sidewall, and the inner valve core 6 has several third air guide holes 601 on its sidewall. These first air guide holes 401, second air guide holes 501, and third air guide holes 601 correspond one-to-one and are connected to the air inlet 201. This allows gas to sequentially pass through the air inlet 201, the first air guide holes 401, the second air guide holes 501, and the third air guide holes 601, ultimately entering the inner side of the inner valve core 6 and exiting through the air outlet.

[0024] The air inlet 201 is distributed along the same length direction as the axial direction of the valve body 1. A plurality of first air guide holes 401 are arrayed along the axial and circumferential directions of the outer valve core 4. The air inlet 201 and the plurality of axially arranged first air guide holes 401 are aligned or staggered. Therefore, a plurality of second air guide holes 501 and a plurality of third air guide holes 601 are also arrayed along the axial and circumferential directions. The valve core assembly as a whole can move up and down along the axial direction of the valve body 1, so that when the valve core assembly moves up and down, it can change the number of first air guide holes 401 aligned with the air inlet 201, thereby changing the number of air guide holes that are open or closed.

[0025] Specifically, when the input air pressure increases, the valve core assembly gradually rises. At this time, the number of first air guide holes 401 aligned with the air inlet 201 decreases, which reduces the number of air guide holes that open. In other words, the opening degree of the bypass valve is correspondingly smaller, thereby reducing the amount of gas entering the valve core assembly. This prevents a large amount of high-speed, high-pressure gas from being output, which would cause excessive fluctuations in the amount of gas output by the bypass valve and affect the stability of the device operation. When the input air pressure decreases, the valve core assembly descends, and the number of first air guide holes 401 aligned with the air inlet 201 increases, which increases the number of air guide holes that open. In other words, the opening degree of the bypass valve is correspondingly larger, increasing the amount of gas entering the valve core assembly to meet the gas demand.

[0026] It should be noted that, as Figure 3 As shown, during the entire lifting stroke of the valve core assembly, the bottom end of the outer valve core 4 is always located below the air inlet 201 and will not be higher than the bottom end of the air inlet 201, so that the gas input from the air inlet 201 will inevitably be depressurized by the valve core assembly before entering the sleeve.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer contour of the outer valve core 4 is adapted to the inner contour of the sleeve 2, the outer valve core 4 slides along the axial direction of the valve body 1 and the sleeve 2, and the outer wall of the outer valve core 4 is sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the sleeve 2.

[0028] Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, the bottom surface of the sleeve 2 is fitted with the valve seat inside the valve body 1 through a stepped surface, and a sealing gasket is provided on the stepped surface to ensure the sealing between the bottom surface of the sleeve 2 and the valve seat. The outer valve core 4 and the bottom valve seat are sealed by a curved surface sealing fit. A sealing ring is fixedly bonded to the inner wall of the sleeve 2 to ensure the sealing between the outer valve core 4 and the sleeve 2 when the sleeve 2 moves up and down inside the sleeve 2.

[0029] On the other hand, the outer wall of the outer valve core 4 protrudes outward to form a slider, and a guide groove is provided vertically on the inner wall of the sleeve 2 for the slider to slide into. The guide groove is connected to the upper part of the sleeve 2, and the slider and the guide groove are sealed and fitted to ensure that the outer valve core 4 can only move up and down vertically inside the sleeve 2 and cannot rotate.

[0030] Furthermore, the inner contour of the outer valve core 4 is adapted to the outer contour of the middle valve core 5, the outer wall of the middle valve core 5 is rotatably fitted and sealed to the inner wall of the outer valve core 4, the inner contour of the middle valve core 5 is adapted to the outer contour of the inner valve core 6, and the outer wall of the inner valve core 6 is rotatably fitted and sealed to the inner wall of the middle valve core 5.

[0031] In this design, sealing rings are fixedly bonded to the outer wall of the middle valve core 5 and the outer wall of the inner valve core 6 to ensure the sealing between the outer valve core 4 and the middle valve core 5, and between the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6. The inner wall of the outer valve core 4 and the outer wall of the middle valve core 5 are rotatably connected by a rotating bearing, and the inner wall of the middle valve core 5 and the outer wall of the inner valve core 6 are rotatably connected by a rotating bearing. Therefore, the outer valve core 4, the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6 can move up and down synchronously in the vertical direction, and the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6 can rotate.

[0032] In this embodiment, the outer valve core 4, the middle valve core 5, and the inner valve core 6 all have an open top structure and an air outlet on their bottom surface. Several air outlets are aligned and distributed. A pilot valve seat 602 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the inner valve core 6, directly opposite the air outlet. The pilot valve seat 602 has a vertically continuous structure. The valve stem 3 is vertically movable within the inner cavity of the inner valve core 6. The bottom end of the valve stem 3 has a sealing surface that matches the top end of the pilot valve seat 602. The valve stem 3 is used to separate from or abut against the pilot valve seat 602 to control the opening and closing of the air outlet. The sealing surface that matches the valve stem 3 and the gland flange 603 is curved.

[0033] A gland flange 603 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner valve core 6. The bottom end of the gland flange 603 is embedded in the inner cavity of the inner valve core 6. A spring gland 301 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the valve stem 3. The spring gland 301 is located in the inner cavity of the inner valve core 6 and its diameter is larger than the inner ring diameter of the gland flange 603.

[0034] The spring cap 301 is located in the space between the bottom end of the cap flange 603 and the inner bottom wall of the inner valve core 6. Therefore, when the valve stem 3 rises, it will first separate from the pilot valve seat 602, so that the vent will open. Until the top surface of the spring cap 301 abuts against the bottom surface of the cap flange 603, the upward movement of the valve stem 3 can drive the valve core assembly to rise synchronously.

[0035] On the other hand, the top of the valve stem 3 extends out of the valve body 1. A linear drive device is installed above the valve body 1. The valve stem 3 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the linear drive device. The linear drive device is connected to the control system. The control system can receive signals from the air pressure sensor, so that the linear drive device can control the valve core assembly to rise and fall according to the intensity of the input air pressure, so as to open an appropriate amount of air guide hole under different air pressure conditions, control the total amount of gas output by the bypass valve, and maintain the balance of gas output.

[0036] It should be noted that the sleeve 2 is provided with a drive mechanism 7 for controlling the rotation of the middle layer valve core 5 and / or the inner layer valve core 6. The middle layer valve core 5 and / or the inner layer valve core 6 can be rotated to align or misalign the first air guide hole 401, the second air guide hole 501 and the third air guide hole 601, thereby changing the length of the airflow path.

[0037] Specifically, the inner wall of the outer valve core 4 has a first air guide channel 402 connected to the first air guide hole 401 along its circumference, and the inner wall of the middle valve core 5 has a second air guide channel 502 connected to the second air guide hole 501 along its circumference. When the first air guide hole 401, the second air guide hole 501 and the third air guide hole 601 are aligned, the airflow path length is the shortest. At this time, it is suitable for low-pressure conditions. If the airflow path is too long, it will lead to excessive pressure reduction, resulting in insufficient gas pressure output by the bypass valve, which will affect the use of gas in the downstream pipeline. When the middle valve core 5 and / or the inner valve core 6 rotate in the direction of the extension of the air guide channel, the length of the airflow path is extended. At this time, the air pressure gradually increases. If the airflow path is too short, it will lead to insufficient air pressure reduction, resulting in excessively high air pressure and excessively fast flow rate entering the inner side of the valve core assembly. The high-pressure and high-speed gas will continuously erode the sealing surface of the valve stem 3 and the pilot valve seat 602. Over time, this will affect the airtightness.

[0038] like Figure 4 - Figure 6As shown, the valve core assembly is in low-pressure, medium-pressure, and high-pressure conditions, respectively. It can be seen that the gas flow path, composed of the vent and the channel, gradually lengthens, improving the pressure reduction effect on high-pressure gas. This reduces the impact on the sealing surfaces of the valve stem 3 and the pilot-operated valve seat 602, extending the device's service life. In most application scenarios, the inlet pressure for low-pressure conditions is 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa; for medium-pressure conditions, it is 0.5MPa to 1.0MPa; and for high-pressure conditions, it is 1.0MPa to 2.5MPa.

[0039] In order to adapt the change in the number of opening and closing of the air guide holes to the change in the length of the gas flow path, in this application, the drive mechanism 7 includes a first drive member 701 fixedly installed on the top of the middle valve core 5. The end of the first drive member 701 facing the inner wall of the sleeve 2 is elastically connected to a first drive rod 702 radially along the middle valve core 5. The first drive rod 702 is always subjected to an elastic force in the direction of the inner wall of the sleeve 2. The drive mechanism 7 also includes a second drive member 703 fixedly installed on the top of the inner valve core 6. The end of the second drive member 703 facing the inner wall of the sleeve 2 is elastically connected to a second drive rod 704 radially along the inner valve core 6. The second drive rod 704 is always subjected to an elastic force in the direction of the inner wall of the sleeve 2.

[0040] The first driving member 701 and the second driving member 703 are at least two in number, symmetrically distributed on the top of the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6, respectively. One end of the first driving rod 702 is located inside the first driving member 701 and is elastically connected to the first driving member 701 by a spring, and is always located inside the first driving member 701. The other end of the first driving rod 702 extends out of the first driving member 701 and can be compressed back into the first driving member 701. The second driving rod 704 is also elastically connected to the first driving member 704 by a spring. In the natural state, the spring is in a compressed state, and the ends of the first driving rod 702 and the second driving rod 704 extend out of the first driving member 701 and the second driving member 703, respectively.

[0041] Furthermore, the inner sidewall of the sleeve 2 is provided with a first sliding groove 202 and a second sliding groove 203. The movable end of the first drive rod 702 is slidably located in the first sliding groove 202 and is used to drive the middle layer valve core 5 to rotate; the movable end of the second drive rod 704 is slidably located in the second sliding groove 203 and is used to drive the inner layer valve core 6 to rotate.

[0042] The first slide groove 202 consists of a first inclined groove and a first straight groove, and the second slide groove 203 consists of a second inclined groove and a second straight groove. Both the first and second inclined grooves extend spirally upwards along the circumference of the sleeve 2. The first and second inclined grooves are parallel, and the length of the second inclined groove is greater than the length of the first inclined groove. Both the first and second straight grooves extend axially along the valve body 1. Therefore, when the first drive rod 702 and the second drive rod 704 move within the first and second inclined grooves respectively, the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6 can begin to rotate. When the first drive rod 702 and the second drive rod 704 move within the first and second straight grooves respectively, the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6 only move up and down without rotating.

[0043] On the other hand, such as Figure 8 As shown, the top ends of the first slide groove 202 and the second slide groove 203 are connected to the top of the sleeve 2 to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the middle valve core 5 with the first drive rod 702 and the inner valve core 6 with the second drive rod 704. Furthermore, the length of the second slide groove 203 is greater than the length of the first slide groove 202. Therefore, during the overall upward movement of the valve core assembly, the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6 will rotate synchronously. After the first drive rod 702 slides into the first straight groove, the second drive rod 704 remains in the second inclined groove. Therefore, if the valve core assembly continues to rise, the middle valve core 5 will rise vertically but will not rotate, while the inner valve core 6 will continue to rotate to further extend the gas flow path and adapt to higher pressure conditions.

[0044] Therefore, when the intake pressure increases, the valve core assembly rises as a whole, reducing the overlap between the air guide hole and the intake port 201. This balances the total gas output from the bypass valve. Simultaneously, the drive mechanism 7 drives the middle valve core 5 and / or the inner valve core 6 to rotate, extending the airflow path and improving the pressure reduction effect of the high-pressure gas, thus reducing erosion of the sealing surface. These two changes occur simultaneously, achieving dual flow restriction under high-pressure conditions and effectively suppressing high-speed airflow erosion.

[0045] It is worth mentioning that a first sealing plate 8 is fixedly installed inside the second air guide hole 501. The height of the first sealing plate 8 is adapted to the height of the first air guide channel 402. One end of the first sealing plate 8 extends radially outward from the middle valve core 5 and into the first air guide channel 402. The end of the first sealing plate 8 located in the first air guide channel 402 is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the first air guide channel 402.

[0046] The first sealing plate 8 is L-shaped and is sealed and fitted to the side wall of the second air guide hole 501 and the second air guide channel 502. It is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the second air guide channel 502 by screws. When the middle valve core 5 rotates, the first sealing plate 8 will rotate synchronously to extend the conduction path of the first air guide channel 402, thereby extending the gas flow path.

[0047] Furthermore, a second sealing plate 9 is fixedly provided inside the third air guide hole 601. The height of the second sealing plate 9 is adapted to the height of the second air guide channel 502. One end of the second sealing plate 9 extends radially outward from the inner valve core 6 and into the second air guide channel 502. The end of the second sealing plate 9 located in the second air guide channel 502 is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the second air guide channel 502.

[0048] The second sealing plate 9 and the first sealing plate 8 have the same shape. The second sealing plate 9 and the inner wall of the third air guide hole 601 are sealed and fitted together. The second sealing plate 9 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner valve core 6 by screws. The end of the second sealing plate 9 that extends into the second air guide channel 502 is sealed and fitted together with the side wall of the first sealing plate 8. When the inner valve core 6 rotates, the second sealing plate 9 will rotate synchronously to extend the conduction path of the second air guide channel 502, thereby further extending the gas flow path.

[0049] The working principle and usage process of this invention are as follows: When the input air pressure is low, the valve stem 3 rises away from the pilot valve seat 602, opening the air outlet. During this process, the spring cover 301 rises along with the valve stem 3, moving closer to the cover flange 603. During this process, the valve core assembly remains stationary, and all the air guide holes on the valve core assembly are aligned with the air inlet 201. The first air guide hole 401, the second air guide hole 501, and the third air guide hole 601 are aligned, allowing the low-pressure gas to enter the inner side of the inner valve core 6 through the shortest flow path. Finally, the gas enters the air hole at the bottom of the valve core assembly through the gap between the valve stem 3 and the pilot valve seat 602, and is then output to the subsequent pipeline.

[0050] As the input air pressure gradually increases to the medium-pressure condition, the valve stem 3, through the cooperation of the spring cover 301 and the cover flange 603, drives the valve core assembly to rise as a whole. At the same time, the middle valve core 5 and the inner valve core 6 rotate synchronously under the cooperation of the first slide groove 202, the second slide groove 203 and the drive mechanism 7, so that the conduction path of the first air guide channel 402 is extended. At this time, the medium-pressure gas will flow through the longer channel, thereby improving the pressure reduction effect of the valve core assembly on the medium-pressure gas and reducing the air pressure to the preset air pressure range.

[0051] When the input air pressure continues to rise to the high-pressure condition, the first drive rod 702 on the middle valve core 5 rises in the first straight groove of the first slide groove 202, preventing the middle valve core 5 from continuing to rotate. Meanwhile, the inner valve core 6 continues to rotate in the cooperation of the second inclined groove of the second slide groove 203 and the drive mechanism 7, thereby extending the conduction path of the second air guide channel 502 and further extending the gas flow path. Compared with the gas flow path under the medium-pressure condition, the gas flow path is longer, which further improves the pressure reduction effect on the high-pressure gas, reduces the erosion of the sealing surfaces of the valve stem 3 and the pilot valve seat 602, and extends the service life of the device. At the same time, during the rising process of the valve core assembly, the number of air guide holes and air inlets 201 that are aligned and distributed decreases accordingly, which reduces the opening of the bypass valve and reduces the amount of gas entering the valve core assembly. This prevents a large amount of high-speed, high-pressure gas from being output, which would cause excessive fluctuations in the amount of gas output by the bypass valve and affect the stability of the device operation.

[0052] When the air pressure drops from high pressure to medium or low pressure, the valve stem 3 needs to be lowered first so that its bottom end abuts against the pilot valve seat 602. Then, the valve stem 3 is lowered further to drive the entire valve core assembly to descend. When it descends to a height that matches the current input air pressure, the valve stem 3 is raised to open the pilot valve seat 602, allowing the spring cover 301 to abut against the cover flange 603 again, so that the gas can be discharged from the air hole at the bottom of the valve core assembly.

[0053] In practical applications, the spring between the spring cover 301 and the inner valve core 5 can be designed to increase the spring's elastic coefficient. This prevents the spring from being further compressed during the downward movement of the valve stem 3. Instead, it stably drives the entire valve core assembly to move downward synchronously with the valve stem 3. This ensures that the spring cover 301 remains in contact with the cover flange 603 when the bypass valve is open. The spring is only compressed when the bottom end of the outer valve core 4 contacts the sealing valve seat at the bottom of the valve body 1. This compresses the spring, ultimately causing the bottom end of the valve stem 3 to contact the pilot valve seat 602, completing the bypass valve's closing operation. This design makes the opening adjustment process of the bypass valve more stable during opening, ensuring continuous gas output. The valve core assembly can be raised and lowered without stopping the output process, achieving the purpose of controlling the bypass valve opening, the number of air inlets opened, and the gas flow path.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bypass valve based on multi-condition dynamic adjustment, comprising a valve body, wherein a sleeve, a valve core assembly, and a valve stem are installed inside the valve body, the sleeve is sleeved outside the valve core assembly, an air inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the valve core assembly is opened on the side wall of the sleeve, an air outlet is opened at the bottom of the valve core assembly, and the valve stem is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the valve core assembly along the valve body axis and is used to control the opening and closing of the air outlet, characterized in that: The valve core assembly as a whole can be raised and lowered along the valve body axis; The valve core assembly consists of three coaxially nested layers: an outer valve core, a middle valve core, and an inner valve core. The outer valve core has several first air guide holes on its sidewall, the middle valve core has several second air guide holes on its sidewall, and the inner valve core has several third air guide holes on its sidewall. The first, second, and third air guide holes correspond one-to-one and can be connected to the air inlet. The sleeve is provided with a drive mechanism for controlling the rotation of the middle layer valve core and / or the inner layer valve core. The middle layer valve core and / or the inner layer valve core can be rotated to align or misalign the first air guide hole, the second air guide hole and the third air guide hole, so as to change the length of the airflow conduction path. As the valve core assembly is driven to rise, the overlap between the air guide hole and the air inlet decreases, and the drive mechanism drives the middle valve core and / or the inner valve core to rotate to extend the airflow path.

2. The bypass valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer valve core is provided with a first air guide channel that connects to the first air guide hole along its circumference, and the inner wall of the middle valve core is provided with a second air guide channel that connects to the second air guide hole along its circumference. When the first air guide hole, the second air guide hole, and the third air guide hole are aligned and distributed, the airflow conduction path length is the shortest. When the middle valve core and / or the inner valve core rotate in the direction of the extension of the air guide channel, the length of the airflow guide path is extended.

3. The bypass valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer contour of the outer valve core is adapted to the inner contour of the sleeve. The outer valve core slides along the valve body axis and the sleeve. The outer wall of the outer valve core is sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the sleeve. The length direction of the air inlet is distributed in the same direction as the axial direction of the valve body. A plurality of first air guide holes are arranged in an array along the axial and circumferential directions of the outer valve core. The air inlet and the plurality of axially arranged first air guide holes are aligned or staggered.

4. The bypass valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner contour of the outer valve core is adapted to the outer contour of the middle valve core, and the outer wall of the middle valve core is rotatably fitted and sealed to the inner wall of the outer valve core. The inner contour of the middle valve core is adapted to the outer contour of the inner valve core, and the outer wall of the inner valve core is rotatably fitted and sealed to the inner wall of the middle valve core.

5. The bypass valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer, middle, and inner valve cores are all open at the top and have vent holes on their bottom surfaces. Several of these vent holes are aligned and distributed. A pilot valve seat is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the inner valve core, directly opposite the vent holes. The pilot valve seat has a vertically continuous structure. The valve stem is vertically movable within the inner cavity of the inner valve core. The bottom end of the valve stem has a sealing surface that matches the top end of the pilot valve seat. The valve stem is used to separate from or abut against the pilot valve seat to control the opening and closing of the vent holes.

6. The bypass valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure cap flange is fixedly installed at the top of the inner valve core, and the bottom end of the pressure cap flange is embedded in the inner cavity of the inner valve core. A spring pressure cap is fixedly installed on the side wall of the valve stem. The spring pressure cap is located in the inner cavity of the inner valve core and its diameter is larger than the inner ring diameter of the pressure cap flange.

7. The bypass valve according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a first drive component fixedly installed on the top of the middle valve core. One end of the first drive component facing the inner wall of the sleeve is elastically connected to a first drive rod in the radial direction of the middle valve core. The first drive rod is always subjected to an elastic force in the direction of the inner wall of the sleeve. The drive mechanism also includes a second drive component fixedly installed on the top of the inner valve core. One end of the second drive component facing the inner wall of the sleeve is elastically connected to a second drive rod in the radial direction of the inner valve core. The second drive rod is always subjected to an elastic force in the direction of the inner wall of the sleeve. The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove. The movable end of the first drive rod slides in the first sliding groove and is used to drive the middle valve core to rotate. The movable end of the second drive rod slides in the second sliding groove and is used to drive the inner valve core to rotate.

8. The bypass valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first slide groove is composed of a first inclined groove and a first straight groove, and the second slide groove is composed of a second inclined groove and a second straight groove. The first inclined groove and the second inclined groove both extend spirally upward along the circumference of the sleeve. The first inclined groove and the second inclined groove are distributed in parallel, and the length of the second inclined groove is greater than the length of the first inclined groove. The first straight groove and the second straight groove both extend axially along the valve body.

9. The bypass valve according to claim 2 or 8, characterized in that: A first sealing plate is fixedly installed inside the second air guide hole. The height of the first sealing plate is adapted to the height of the first air guide channel. One end of the first sealing plate extends radially outward from the middle layer valve core and into the first air guide channel. The end of the first sealing plate located in the first air guide channel is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the first air guide channel.

10. The bypass valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second sealing plate is fixedly installed inside the third air guide hole. The height of the second sealing plate is adapted to the height of the second air guide channel. One end of the second sealing plate extends radially outward from the inner valve core and into the second air guide channel. The end of the second sealing plate located in the second air guide channel is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the second air guide channel.

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