A pressure reducing regulator valve and method of use

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of regulating valve technology, specifically to a pressure-reducing regulating valve and its usage method, comprising a valve body, an opening adjustment mechanism, and a directional energy dissipation mechanism; the opening adjustment mechanism is located inside the valve body and coaxial with it; the directional energy dissipation mechanism is located inside the intake pipe and is used to switch between a co-current or diverting flow attitude according to the opening of the pressure-reducing regulating valve; the invention's opening adjustment mechanism can adjust the working opening of the pressure-reducing regulating valve according to the upstream low-pressure or high-pressure intake conditions, eliminating the adverse effects of discharge pressure fluctuations; simultaneously, the directional energy dissipation mechanism can be linked with the valve opening, when the pressure-reducing regulating valve is in a small-opening, high-pressure intake condition, the directional energy dissipation mechanism can guide multiple airflows to collide and dissipate fluid kinetic energy, thereby preventing high-pressure airflow from directly impacting the opening adjustment mechanism, thus improving the long-term operational safety of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of control valve technology, specifically to a pressure reducing control valve and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In various fields such as oil, natural gas, and chemicals, pressure reducing valves are widely used as pipeline pressure regulating devices in scenarios such as high pressure differential control, media pressure stabilization and transportation, and bypass safety discharge. Pressure reducing valves can regulate the pressure and balance the pressure differential of the fluid medium inside the pipeline, thereby avoiding the risk of overpressure operation.

[0003] Currently, pressure reducing valves mainly consist of a pressure reducing mechanism. This mechanism can use its built-in throttling structure to perform gradient throttling and step-by-step pressure reduction on the flowing medium, thereby achieving pressure reduction and stabilization.

[0004] In actual production scenarios, due to the complex operating conditions of the upstream gas source, the inlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve often fluctuates significantly. When the inlet pressure is in the low-pressure range, if the valve opening is too small, the resistance to medium flow will increase, easily causing excessive pressure attenuation downstream of the valve, ultimately resulting in a low discharge pressure. When the inlet pressure is in the high-pressure range, if the valve opening is too large, the overall throttling and pressure reduction effect is insufficient, easily causing a high discharge pressure downstream of the valve. Therefore, traditional pressure reducing valves cannot maintain the consistency of the discharge pressure downstream of the valve under different high and low pressure conditions, resulting in significant fluctuations in pipeline output pressure, which can easily affect the normal operation of downstream process equipment. To address this, we propose a pressure reducing regulating valve and its usage method to effectively solve the above-mentioned drawbacks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure reducing regulating valve and its usage method, which solves the problem mentioned in the background art that the pressure reducing valve cannot maintain the consistency of the downstream gas pressure under different operating conditions of high and low pressure.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a pressure reducing regulating valve, comprising a valve body, wherein the valve body is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is provided with a pressure reducing mechanism, characterized in that it further comprises: An opening adjustment mechanism is provided inside the valve body and coaxial with the valve body. The outer peripheral wall of the opening adjustment mechanism and the inner wall of the valve body enclose an annular valve cavity. The air inlet pipe is connected to the annular valve cavity, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the annular valve cavity through the opening adjustment mechanism. A diversion energy dissipation mechanism is located inside the intake pipe and is used to switch between a co-current or diversion attitude according to the opening degree of the pressure reducing regulating valve. Under low-pressure intake conditions, the pressure-reducing regulating valve is at a large opening, and the deflecting energy dissipation mechanism is in a co-current posture, allowing the airflow to flow in the initial intake direction. Under high-pressure intake conditions, the pressure-reducing regulating valve is at a small opening, and the deflecting energy dissipation mechanism is in a diversion posture, causing the airflow to form multiple convection currents that can collide with each other.

[0007] In one embodiment, the deflection energy dissipation mechanism includes two guide vanes and two rotating shafts; the two guide vanes are radially spaced inside the intake pipe; the two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the inside of the intake pipe and fixedly connected to the corresponding guide vanes, and the two rotating shafts can rotate synchronously in opposite directions; under low-pressure intake conditions, the two guide vanes are parallel to each other and both extend along the intake direction of the intake pipe; under high-pressure intake conditions, the two guide vanes cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, and the tip of the V-shaped structure faces the intake side of the intake pipe.

[0008] In one embodiment, each of the guide vanes has a first inclined structure at one end near the air intake side of the air intake pipe and a second inclined structure at the other end away from the air intake side of the air intake pipe; when the two guide vanes cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, the two first inclined structures abut tightly together, and the two second inclined structures abut tightly together with the inner wall of the air intake pipe respectively.

[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of first diversion holes are formed on one of the guide plates, and a plurality of second diversion holes are formed on the other guide plate; when the two guide plates cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, the first diversion holes and the second diversion holes are arranged opposite to each other so that the airflow collides with each other in the space between the two guide plates.

[0010] In one embodiment, the opening adjustment mechanism includes a mesh cylinder and a valve core; the mesh cylinder is located inside the valve body and is coaxial with the valve body, and the valve core is located inside the mesh cylinder and can move up and down along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder.

[0011] In one embodiment, the mesh cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of the valve body, and a rotation drive structure is provided between the valve core and the mesh cylinder; when the valve core moves up and down along the axial direction, the rotation drive structure can drive the mesh cylinder to rotate around its own axis; a transmission structure is provided between the mesh cylinder and the diversion energy dissipation mechanism; when the mesh cylinder rotates, the transmission structure can drive the diversion energy dissipation mechanism to switch between the downstream attitude and the diversion attitude.

[0012] In one embodiment, the rotary drive structure includes a slide rod and a spiral groove; the slide rod is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the valve core, the spiral groove is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the mesh cylinder, and the slide rod is slidably embedded in the spiral groove; when the valve core moves up and down along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder, the mesh cylinder is driven to rotate around its own axis through the cooperation of the slide rod and the spiral groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the spiral chute includes a first straight segment, a spiral segment, and a second straight segment arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder; when the slide rod is located in the first straight segment, the direction-changing energy dissipation mechanism is in a downstream posture; when the slide rod is located in the second straight segment, the direction-changing energy dissipation mechanism is in a diversion posture.

[0014] In one embodiment, the transmission structure includes a gear ring fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the mesh cylinder, a first gear meshing with the gear ring fixedly sleeved on one of the rotating shafts, and a second gear meshing with the first gear fixedly sleeved on the other rotating shaft.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for using a pressure reducing regulating valve, applicable to the pressure reducing regulating valve as described above, including low-pressure intake conditions and high-pressure intake conditions; The low-pressure intake condition includes the following steps: Step A1: When low-pressure airflow is input into the intake pipe, control the pressure reducing regulating valve to maintain a large opening; at the same time, keep the deflection energy dissipation mechanism in a downstream posture, and the low-pressure airflow flows downstream along the initial intake direction. Step A2: The low-pressure airflow passing downstream is stabilized by a pressure reducing mechanism to ensure a constant air pressure output from the outlet pipe; The high-pressure intake condition includes the following steps: Step B1: When high-pressure airflow is input into the intake pipe, control the pressure reducing regulating valve to maintain a small opening; at the same time, switch the direction changing energy dissipation mechanism to a diversion posture, so that the airflow forms multiple convection currents that can collide with each other. Step B2: After the collision energy dissipation, the airflow is depressurized by the depressurization mechanism so that the outlet pipe outputs a constant air pressure that is the same as the low-pressure intake condition.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure reducing regulating valve and its usage method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention is equipped with an opening adjustment mechanism, which can adjust the working opening of the pressure reducing regulating valve according to the upstream low-pressure and high-pressure intake conditions, so as to ensure the consistency of the downstream gas pressure under different operating conditions and eliminate the adverse effects caused by the fluctuation of the discharge pressure.

[0017] 2. This invention features a reversing energy dissipation mechanism that can be linked to the valve opening. When the pressure reducing valve is in a large-opening, low-pressure intake condition, the reversing energy dissipation mechanism maintains a flow-in-the-flow posture, without additional throttling or turbulence resistance, thus avoiding unnecessary pressure loss. When the pressure reducing valve is in a small-opening, high-pressure intake condition, the reversing energy dissipation mechanism switches to a diversion posture, which can guide multiple airflows to collide and dissipate fluid kinetic energy, thereby preventing high-pressure airflow from directly impacting the opening adjustment mechanism and improving the long-term safety of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the flow guide plate of the present invention in a flow-diverting posture; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the V-shaped structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the guide plate of the present invention in a downstream orientation; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral groove of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Valve body; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Outlet pipe; 4. Pressure reducing mechanism; 5. Opening adjustment mechanism; 501. Mesh cylinder; 502. Valve core; 6. Directional energy dissipation mechanism; 601. Guide plate; 602. Rotating shaft; 7. First inclined plane structure; 8. Second inclined plane structure; 9. First diversion hole; 10. Second diversion hole; 11. Slide rod; 12. Helical slide groove; 121. First straight section; 122. Helical section; 123. Second straight section; 13. Gear ring; 14. First gear. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 A pressure reducing regulating valve includes a valve body 1, an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3 on the valve body 1, and a pressure reducing mechanism 4 on the outlet pipe 3; the pressure reducing mechanism 4 can adopt a multi-stage throttling type, diaphragm spring type or labyrinth type pressure reducing structure, and high-pressure gas is discharged after being pressure reduced by gradient through the pressure reducing mechanism 4.

[0022] This embodiment also includes an opening adjustment mechanism 5 and a reversing energy dissipation mechanism 6, which not only solves the problem of constant gas pressure after the valve under different intake pressures, but also avoids the impact damage of high-pressure airflow on the opening adjustment mechanism 5.

[0023] The opening adjustment mechanism 5 is described below; The opening adjustment mechanism 5 is located inside the valve body 1 and is coaxial with the valve body 1. The outer peripheral wall of the opening adjustment mechanism 5 and the inner wall of the valve body 1 enclose an annular valve cavity. The outlet end of the air inlet pipe 2 is connected to the annular valve cavity, and the air outlet pipe 3 is connected to the annular valve cavity through the opening adjustment mechanism 5. The airflow flows sequentially through the air inlet pipe 2, the annular valve cavity, the opening adjustment mechanism 5, the pressure reducing mechanism 4, and the air outlet pipe 3.

[0024] Under low-pressure intake conditions (e.g., 0.8-1.5MPa): the opening adjustment mechanism 5 controls the valve to maintain a large opening, maximizing the flow cross-sectional area, effectively reducing the flow resistance of the medium, ensuring sufficient air pressure entering the pressure reducing mechanism 4, and stabilizing the exhaust pressure after pressure reduction at the set value (e.g., 0.4MPa), thereby solving the problem of low exhaust pressure under low-pressure conditions.

[0025] Under high-pressure intake conditions (e.g., 8-15MPa): the opening adjustment mechanism 5 controls the valve to switch to a small-opening throttling state, reducing the flow cross-sectional area and preventing the high-pressure airflow from being discharged too high due to insufficient throttling; finally, after secondary pressure stabilization by the pressure reducing mechanism 4, it ensures that the discharge pressure after the valve is consistent with that under low-pressure intake conditions (e.g., 0.4MPa), ensuring the stable operation of downstream process equipment.

[0026] During the research and development process, it was discovered that while relying on the opening adjustment mechanism 5 to achieve inverse proportional opening control can ensure that the downstream gas pressure remains as constant as possible, under high-pressure intake conditions, when the valve maintains a small opening, the flow cross-section shrinks, leading to a sharp increase in the high-pressure gas velocity. This high-speed fluid will directly impact the opening adjustment mechanism 5, easily causing damage to its internal components and making it difficult to ensure stable and safe valve operation. To solve this technical problem, this invention specifically designs a reversing energy dissipation mechanism 6 that can be linked and coordinated with the opening adjustment mechanism 5.

[0027] The energy dissipation mechanism 6 is located inside the intake pipe 2 and is used to switch between a co-current or diverting flow attitude depending on the opening degree of the pressure reducing valve. Under low-pressure intake conditions, the pressure reducing valve is at its maximum opening, and the energy dissipation mechanism 6 is in a co-current attitude, allowing the airflow to flow in the initial intake direction. Under high-pressure intake conditions, the pressure reducing valve is at its minimum opening, and the energy dissipation mechanism 6 is in a diverting flow attitude, causing the airflow to form multiple convection currents that can collide with each other, thus dissipating kinetic energy through these collisions.

[0028] This design, combined with a large opening and a co-current structure, achieves low-resistance delivery and stable discharge under low-pressure conditions; while under high-pressure conditions, it combines a small opening and a diversion structure to simultaneously achieve throttling and pressure reduction, as well as energy dissipation through airflow collision. This invention not only solves the problem of constant downstream air pressure under different inlet pressures but also avoids impact damage to the opening adjustment mechanism 5 caused by high-pressure airflow, thus simultaneously improving the long-term safety of the equipment.

[0029] The following is a description of the reversible energy dissipation mechanism 6: The deflection energy dissipation mechanism 6 includes two guide vanes 601 and two rotating shafts 602. The two guide vanes 601 are radially spaced inside the intake pipe 2; the two rotating shafts 602 are rotatably connected to the inside of the intake pipe 2 and fixedly connected to the corresponding guide vanes 601. The two rotating shafts 602 can rotate synchronously in opposite directions to ensure that the attitudes of the two guide vanes 601 are switched synchronously.

[0030] Under low-pressure intake conditions, the two guide vanes 601 are parallel to each other and extend along the intake direction of the intake pipe 2, minimizing disturbance and obstruction to the low-pressure airflow. The low-pressure airflow can flow smoothly through the deflection and energy dissipation mechanism 6 and enter the annular valve chamber, and then be guided into the opening adjustment mechanism 5, effectively avoiding excessive pressure attenuation due to excessive flow resistance.

[0031] Under high-pressure intake conditions, the two guide vanes 601 cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, with the opening of the V-shaped structure facing the opening adjustment mechanism 5 and the tip of the V-shaped structure facing the intake side of the intake pipe 2. After the high-pressure airflow enters through the intake pipe 2, it first contacts the tip of the V-shaped structure and is divided into two symmetrical lateral guide airflows, thereby preventing the high-pressure airflow from directly impacting the opening adjustment mechanism 5.

[0032] In this embodiment, each guide vane 601 has a first inclined structure 7 at the end near the air intake side of the air intake pipe 2, and a second inclined structure 8 at the end away from the air intake side of the air intake pipe 2. When the two guide vanes 601 cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, the two first inclined structures 7 are tightly abutted, making it difficult for airflow to directly enter the rear end from the gap between the two guide vanes 601. The two second inclined structures 8 are respectively tightly abutted against the inner wall of the air intake pipe 2, making it difficult for airflow to directly enter the rear end from the gap between the guide vane 601 and the inner wall of the air intake pipe 2.

[0033] Most importantly, a plurality of first diversion holes 9 are provided on one of the guide plates 601, and a plurality of second diversion holes 10 are provided on the other guide plate 601; when the two guide plates 601 cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, the first diversion holes 9 and the second diversion holes 10 are arranged opposite to each other so that the airflow collides with each other in the space between the two guide plates 601.

[0034] With the above design, the two high-pressure airflows, after being divided by the V-shaped tip, pass through the first diversion hole 9 and the second diversion hole 10 respectively, and collide at close range in the space between the two guide plates 601, which fully dissipates the airflow energy and helps to reduce the scouring and wear of the rear opening adjustment mechanism 5.

[0035] The opening adjustment mechanism 5 of the present invention will be described below: The valve opening adjustment mechanism 5 includes a mesh cylinder 501 and a valve core 502. The mesh cylinder 501 is located inside the valve body 1 and is coaxial with the valve body 1. The valve core 502 is located inside the mesh cylinder 501 and can move up and down along the axis of the mesh cylinder 501. It should be added that an actuator can be configured on the top of the valve body 1, and the actuator provides driving power to move the valve core 502 up and down, thereby adjusting the valve flow opening.

[0036] In this embodiment, the mesh cylinder 501 is rotatably connected to the interior of the valve body 1, and a rotation drive structure is provided between the valve core 502 and the mesh cylinder 501. When the valve core 502 moves up and down along the axial direction, the rotation drive structure can drive the mesh cylinder 501 to rotate around its own axis. A transmission structure is provided between the mesh cylinder 501 and the diversion energy dissipation mechanism 6. When the mesh cylinder 501 rotates, the transmission structure can drive the diversion energy dissipation mechanism 6 to switch between a downstream attitude and a diversion attitude.

[0037] The transmission structure includes a gear ring 13 fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the mesh cylinder 501. A first gear 14, which meshes with the gear ring 13, is fixedly sleeved on one of the rotating shafts 602, and a second gear, which meshes with the first gear 14, is fixedly sleeved on the other rotating shaft 602. To prevent mis-meshing between the second gear and the gear ring 13, the first gear 14 is designed with a thickened structure, and the installation height of the second gear is lower than the meshing surface of the gear ring 13. This ensures that the second gear only meshes with the first gear 14 and does not interfere with the gear ring 13.

[0038] In actual operation, the rotation of the mesh cylinder 501 drives the toothed ring 13 to rotate synchronously. The toothed ring 13 drives the corresponding rotating shaft 602 to rotate through the meshing transmission with the first gear 14. At the same time, the first gear 14 drives another rotating shaft 602 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction through the meshing linkage with the second gear. Finally, the two rotating shafts 602 achieve reverse synchronous action, ensuring that the two guide plates 601 can complete the switching between the downstream attitude and the diversion attitude.

[0039] In addition, the rotary drive structure includes a slide rod 11 and a spiral groove 12; the slide rod 11 is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the valve core 502, and the spiral groove 12 is opened on the inner peripheral wall of the mesh cylinder 501, and the slide rod 11 is slidably embedded in the spiral groove 12; when the valve core 502 moves up and down along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder 501, the mesh cylinder 501 is driven to rotate around its own axis through the cooperation of the slide rod 11 and the spiral groove 12.

[0040] It should be noted that the valve core 502 is designed as a cylindrical structure, with at least one set of slide rods 11 positioned near the upper end of the valve core 502. A sealing structure adapted to the inner wall of the mesh cylinder 501 is fitted to the lower end of the valve core 502, ensuring the sealing and isolation of the medium within the valve. Correspondingly, the spiral groove 12 is located in the upper-middle region of the mesh cylinder 501, while the mesh openings for medium flow are located in the lower-middle region of the mesh cylinder 501. When the valve is at its maximum opening, the sealing structure at the lower end of the valve core is always located below the spiral groove 12. This partitioned layout design effectively avoids interference between the sliding motion structure and the sealing structure, minimizing the impact on the sealing performance between the valve core 502 and the mesh cylinder 501.

[0041] In addition, the spiral chute 12 includes a first straight section 121, a spiral section 122, and a second straight section 123 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder 501. When the slide rod 11 is located within the first straight section 121, the mesh cylinder 501 maintains a fixed angle and does not rotate, and the direction-changing energy dissipation mechanism 6 is in a downstream posture; when the slide rod 11 is located within the second straight section 123, the mesh cylinder 501 maintains the fixed angle after rotation, and the direction-changing energy dissipation mechanism 6 is in a diversion posture.

[0042] With the above design, when the slide rod 11 is within the stroke range of the first straight segment 121, the reversing energy dissipation mechanism 6 can maintain a constant flow attitude for a long time, and the valve can be finely adjusted to a large opening within this stroke range to meet the flow requirements of low-pressure conditions; when the slide rod 11 is within the stroke range of the second straight segment 123, the reversing energy dissipation mechanism 6 continuously diverts and dissipates energy, and the valve can be finely adjusted to a small opening within this range to adapt to the usage requirements of high-pressure conditions.

[0043] Specifically, during operation, the top actuator drives the valve core 502 to move upward or downward based on the upstream intake pressure signal. Under low-pressure intake conditions, the valve core 502 rises to a high position, the slide rod 11 slides into the first straight section 121, and the mesh cylinder 501 remains stationary. Through gear transmission and linkage control, the energy dissipation mechanism 6 switches to a downstream attitude, achieving a low-pressure, large-opening, downstream low-resistance operating state. When the intake pressure increases and switches to a high-pressure state, the actuator drives the valve core 502 downward. The slide rod 11 passes through the spiral section 122, and with the guidance of the spiral section 122, it pushes the mesh cylinder 501 to rotate, thereby driving the energy dissipation mechanism 6 to switch from a downstream attitude to a diversion attitude. After the valve core 502 continues to descend to a low position, the slide rod 11 enters the second straight section 123, the angle of the mesh cylinder 501 is fixed, and the energy dissipation mechanism 6 maintains the diversion energy dissipation mode, achieving a high-pressure, small-opening, diversion energy dissipation operating state.

[0044] The design of the three-section slide rail and slide rod 11 enables the valve opening and the attitude of the directional energy dissipation mechanism 6 to be linked, eliminating the need for additional electrical control components, sensing components, and independent drive sources. This results in a simple, compact structure with strong anti-interference capabilities. Furthermore, the three-section slide rail can divide the valve adjustment into three independent modules: a large-opening downstream zone, an attitude switching transition zone, and a small-opening diversion zone.

[0045] Specifically, in the large-opening downstream range, the valve can be fine-tuned according to the needs of low-pressure conditions. Regardless of the fine-tuning of the opening, the downstream posture remains unchanged, ensuring smooth flow of low-pressure airflow. In the small-opening diversion range, the valve can be fine-tuned for high-pressure conditions. Even with fine-tuning of the opening, the diversion posture remains constant, ensuring that high-pressure airflow can be diverted and dissipated, without frequent oscillation or deviation with fine-tuning of the opening.

[0046] Example 2: This example proposes a method for using a pressure reducing regulating valve, applicable to the pressure reducing regulating valve of Example 1, including low-pressure intake conditions and high-pressure intake conditions; Low-pressure intake conditions involve the following steps: Step A1: When low-pressure airflow is input into the intake pipe 2, the pressure reducing regulating valve is kept at a large opening; at the same time, the deflection energy dissipation mechanism 6 is kept in a downstream posture, and the low-pressure airflow flows downstream along the initial intake direction. Step A2: The low-pressure airflow passing downstream is stabilized by the pressure reducing mechanism 4, so that the outlet pipe 3 outputs a constant air pressure; The high-pressure intake condition involves the following steps: Step B1: When high-pressure airflow is input into the intake pipe 2, the pressure reducing regulating valve is controlled to maintain a small opening; at the same time, the deflection energy dissipation mechanism 6 is switched to a diversion posture, so that the airflow forms multiple convection currents that can collide with each other. Step B2: After the collision energy dissipation, the airflow is depressurized by the depressurization mechanism 4, so that the outlet pipe 3 outputs a constant air pressure that is the same as the low-pressure intake condition.

[0047] This method employs a differentiated control mode that combines low-pressure large opening with flow-through drag reduction and high-pressure small opening with flow diversion energy dissipation. This can solve the problem that a large difference in upstream intake pressure leads to significant fluctuations in pipeline output pressure, which can easily affect the normal operation of downstream equipment.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure-reducing regulating valve, comprising a valve body, wherein the valve body is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is provided with a pressure-reducing mechanism, characterized in that, Also includes: An opening adjustment mechanism is provided inside the valve body and coaxial with the valve body. The outer peripheral wall of the opening adjustment mechanism and the inner wall of the valve body enclose an annular valve cavity. The air inlet pipe is connected to the annular valve cavity, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the annular valve cavity through the opening adjustment mechanism. A diversion energy dissipation mechanism is located inside the intake pipe and is used to switch between a co-current or diversion attitude according to the opening degree of the pressure reducing regulating valve. Under low-pressure intake conditions, the pressure reducing regulating valve is at its maximum opening, and the deflecting energy dissipation mechanism is in a co-current posture, allowing the airflow to flow in the same direction as the initial intake direction. Under high-pressure intake conditions, the pressure reducing regulating valve is at a small opening, and the deflecting energy dissipation mechanism is in a diversion posture, causing the airflow to form multiple convection currents that can collide with each other.

2. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection energy dissipation mechanism includes two guide vanes and two rotating shafts; The two guide vanes are radially spaced inside the intake pipe; the two rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the inside of the intake pipe and fixedly connected to the corresponding guide vanes, and the two rotating shafts can rotate synchronously in opposite directions; Under low-pressure intake conditions, the two guide vanes are parallel to each other and both extend along the intake direction of the intake pipe. Under high-pressure intake conditions, the two guide vanes cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, with the tip of the V-shaped structure facing the intake side of the intake pipe.

3. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned guide vanes has a first inclined structure at one end near the air intake side of the air intake pipe, and a second inclined structure at the other end away from the air intake side of the air intake pipe; When the two guide vanes cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, the two first inclined structures abut tightly, and the two second inclined structures abut tightly against the inner wall of the intake pipe.

4. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first diversion holes are formed on one of the guide plates, and a plurality of second diversion holes are formed on the other guide plate; When the two guide plates cooperate to form a V-shaped structure, the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole are arranged opposite to each other so that the airflow collides with each other in the space between the two guide plates.

5. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening adjustment mechanism includes a mesh cylinder and a valve core; The mesh cylinder is located inside the valve body and is coaxial with the valve body. The valve core is located inside the mesh cylinder and can move up and down along the axis of the mesh cylinder.

6. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mesh cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of the valve body, and a rotation drive structure is provided between the valve core and the mesh cylinder; when the valve core moves up and down along the axial direction, the mesh cylinder can be driven to rotate around its own axis through the rotation drive structure. A transmission structure is provided between the net cylinder and the diversion energy dissipation mechanism; when the net cylinder rotates, the diversion energy dissipation mechanism can be driven to switch between the downstream attitude and the diversion attitude through the transmission structure.

7. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary drive structure includes a slide bar and a helical groove; The slide rod is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the valve core, and the spiral groove is opened on the inner peripheral wall of the mesh cylinder. The slide rod is slidably embedded in the spiral groove. When the valve core moves up and down along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder, the mesh cylinder is driven to rotate around its own axis through the cooperation of the slide rod and the spiral groove.

8. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spiral groove includes a first straight segment, a spiral segment, and a second straight segment arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the mesh cylinder. When the slide bar is located within the first straight segment, the reversing energy dissipation mechanism is in a downstream posture; When the slide bar is located within the second straight segment, the direction-changing energy dissipation mechanism is in a diversion posture.

9. The pressure reducing regulating valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission structure includes a gear ring fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the mesh cylinder, a first gear meshing with the gear ring fixedly sleeved on one of the rotating shafts, and a second gear meshing with the first gear fixedly sleeved on the other rotating shaft.

10. A method of using a pressure-reducing regulating valve, applicable to the pressure-reducing regulating valve according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including low-pressure intake conditions and high-pressure intake conditions; The low-pressure intake condition includes the following steps: Step A1: When low-pressure airflow is input into the intake pipe, control the pressure reducing regulating valve to maintain a large opening; at the same time, keep the deflection energy dissipation mechanism in a downstream posture, and the low-pressure airflow flows downstream along the initial intake direction. Step A2: The low-pressure airflow passing downstream is stabilized by a pressure reducing mechanism to ensure a constant air pressure output from the outlet pipe; The high-pressure intake condition includes the following steps: Step B1: When high-pressure airflow is input into the intake pipe, control the pressure reducing regulating valve to maintain a small opening; at the same time, switch the direction changing energy dissipation mechanism to a diversion posture, so that the airflow forms multiple convection currents that can collide with each other. Step B2: After the collision energy dissipation, the airflow is depressurized by the pressure reducing mechanism so that the outlet pipe outputs a constant air pressure that is the same as the low-pressure intake condition.

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