Distributed biomass heating system adapted to a school

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of distributed biomass heating system suitable for school, belong to heating technical field.It includes radiator, distributed biomass heat supply module, fuel automatic conveying module, roof solar module, heat storage water tank, air pump and intelligent control module;Distributed biomass heat supply module includes biomass heating stove, biomass heating stove is placed in the equipment room of each floor of each teaching building, and biomass heating stove is used to provide heating water for the classroom of this floor;Roof solar module includes a plurality of solar water heating pipes, upper end water collector and lower end water collector, lower end water collector is also communicated to return water main, and heat storage water tank is used to store circulating water in heating system;The water supply pipe of heat storage water tank is connected with the water inlet of biomass heating stove.The system is suitable for school building layout and use characteristics, and energy saving is considered with heating comfort, and operation and maintenance are simple, and it is suitable for various schools, especially the school in municipal heating non-coverage area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a distributed biomass heating system suitable for schools, belonging to the field of heating technology. Background Technology

[0002] Schools, as densely populated places with regular schedules and dispersed spaces, face many challenges in winter heating: traditional centralized municipal heating requires laying long-distance pipelines, which is complex, difficult to construct, and results in serious heat loss. In addition, schools are closed at night, so the heat is completely wasted, which cannot meet the needs of schools for heating in different time periods and areas.

[0003] For areas not covered by municipal heating, the only options are to build their own heating boilers or use air conditioning. Building a heating boiler involves laying heating pipes across school buildings, which is quite difficult. Air conditioning is not as effective as water-based or underfloor heating, and its heating effect cannot achieve the comfortable feeling of warm feet and a cool head.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a distributed, coupled heating system adapted to school settings that can solve the heating problem for schools in areas not covered by municipal heating. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a distributed biomass heating system suitable for schools.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a distributed biomass heating system adapted to schools, including radiators, and also including a distributed biomass heat supply module, an automatic fuel delivery module, a rooftop solar module, a hot water storage tank and an intelligent control module; The radiators are used to heat the classrooms; the distributed biomass heat supply module includes several small and medium-sized biomass heating furnaces, which are arranged in the equipment room on each floor of each teaching building. Each biomass heating furnace is used to provide heating water for the classrooms on that floor; the outlet of the biomass heating furnace is connected to the main water supply pipe of that floor, and the main water supply pipe is connected to each radiator through several heating branch pipes. The return water pipes of the radiators are collected and connected to the main return water pipe. The automatic fuel delivery module includes a centralized storage silo, a vertical bucket elevator, and multiple tiered silos. The centralized storage silo is located on the first floor of each building outdoors, and the tiered silos are located in the equipment room on each floor and connected to the biomass heating furnace on the corresponding floor. The vertical bucket elevator is arranged vertically along the outside of the building and is used to deliver fuel from the centralized storage silo to the tiered silos on each floor. The rooftop solar module can be selectively connected to the heating water circulation system. The rooftop solar module includes several solar water heating pipes, an upper water collection pipe and a lower water collection pipe connecting the solar water heating pipes. The upper water collection pipe is connected to the hot water storage tank via a first electrically controlled valve. The lower water collection pipe is connected to the hot water storage tank via a second electrically controlled valve. The lower water collection pipe is also connected to the return water main pipe. A water level sensor is installed inside the solar water heating pipe. The hot water storage tank is used to store circulating water in the heating system; the water supply pipe of the hot water storage tank is connected to the water inlet of the biomass heating furnace; The intelligent control module includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and control units for each device. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the control units of the biomass heating furnace and the vertical bucket elevator, respectively, for controlling the start-up, shutdown, and power adjustment of the biomass heating furnace and the vertical bucket elevator.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention, through the distributed arrangement of small and medium-sized biomass heating furnaces, only requires the laying of short-distance branch pipes on each floor, eliminating the need for laying long-distance main pipelines across buildings, thus significantly reducing construction difficulty and pipeline heat loss; combined with rooftop solar energy supplementation, solar energy can be used to heat circulating water on sunny days, reducing biomass fuel consumption; the intelligent control module can start and stop heating according to the school's schedule and time periods, eliminating the need to maintain heating throughout the entire area during non-teaching periods, further reducing energy waste; this heating system is adapted to the layout and usage characteristics of school buildings, balancing heating comfort and energy efficiency, and is simple to operate and maintain, making it suitable for promotion and use in various types of schools, especially schools in areas not covered by municipal heating.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a radiator insulation box, which can be opened and closed. When heating is needed, it can be opened to expose the radiator to the space, and when heating is not needed, it can be closed to wrap the radiator and reduce the heat loss from the radiator into the space.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that when heating is required again the next day after school on weekdays, the radiator insulation box can be closed to reduce the heat loss of the radiators, retain as much existing heat as possible, reduce ineffective heat loss, save fuel consumption, adapt to the school's need for heating in different areas and at different times, and improve the overall energy-saving effect of the heating system.

[0011] Furthermore, when the temperature inside the upper water collection pipe is detected to be lower than the water temperature in the return water main pipe, the second electrically controlled valve opens, the first electrically controlled valve closes, and the return water main pipe is directly connected to the hot water storage tank via the lower water collection pipe.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that circulating water is only introduced into the solar water heating pipe when solar energy has utilization value, so as to make reasonable use of solar energy resources to supplement the circulating water and reduce fuel consumption. When solar energy is insufficient, circulating water is prevented from entering the solar water heating pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an air pump, the upper water collection pipe is connected to the air pump, and the controller is electrically connected to the control unit of the air pump to control the start and stop of the air pump. When the temperature in the upper water collection pipe is detected to be lower than the water temperature in the return water main pipe, and the second solenoid valve opens and the first solenoid valve closes, the air pump starts. When the water level in the solar water heating pipe is pushed to a low water level position, the air pump stops operating.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that, on cloudy days or at night, when solar energy cannot provide effective heating, an air pump can be used to squeeze the water in the solar water heating pipe to the lowest liquid level, and discharge the water stored in the solar water heating pipe to the downstream hot water storage tank. This minimizes the amount of water stored in the solar water heating pipe, avoids unnecessary heat dissipation caused by circulating water remaining in the solar water heating pipe, reduces the extra heat required for subsequent heating, further improves the overall energy utilization rate of the system, and reduces heating costs.

[0015] Furthermore, the main water supply pipes between adjacent floors are connected by a connecting pipe, and a third electrically controlled valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that when the biomass heating furnace on this floor malfunctions or is under maintenance, the valve of the third electrically controlled valve on the connecting pipe can be opened, so that the biomass heating furnace on the adjacent floor can temporarily supply heating hot water to this floor, ensuring that the heating of the classrooms on this floor will not be interrupted. Thus, the biomass heating furnaces on different floors of the same building in this heating system can serve as backups for each other, which greatly improves the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper water collection pipe is made of PPR material.

[0018] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that PPR material is corrosion-resistant, has good thermal insulation performance, and is easy to install, making it suitable for long-term use in rooftop outdoor environments. At the same time, since an air pump is used to pressurize air into the upper water collection pipe of the solar water heating pipe, the PPR material can prevent the upper water collection pipe from rusting due to contact with air. Solar water heating pipes are generally made of glass, which will not rust due to the injection of air. Therefore, air can be used to pressurize most of the water in the solar water heating pipe into the lower water collection pipe and the hot water storage tank. In addition to reducing the heat loss of circulating water in the solar water heating pipe, it also ensures the durability of the heating system.

[0019] Furthermore, a level sensor is installed inside the tiered silo, and the level sensor is electrically connected to the controller for automatic fuel replenishment.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that when the fuel storage in the tiered silos is lower than the set lower limit, the controller can automatically start the vertical bucket elevator to transport the biomass fuel in the centralized storage silo to the corresponding tiered silos. This eliminates the need for manual inspection and refueling of each floor, significantly reducing the workload of maintenance personnel, adapting to the actual scenario of limited maintenance manpower in schools, and realizing automated operation and maintenance.

[0021] Furthermore, each of the radiators in the classrooms is equipped with an independent circulating water pump on its return water pipe.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the water circulation flow rate of each classroom can be adjusted individually according to the actual usage needs of each classroom, so as to achieve precise temperature control of a single classroom. When a classroom is not in use, the speed of the circulating water pump can be reduced or even turned off to reduce the heat supply of the classroom, further reduce energy waste, accurately adapt to the different actual scenarios of different classroom usage arrangements in the school, and improve the overall energy saving effect.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes an automatic ash removal structure, which includes an ash collection chamber located inside the biomass heating furnace, an ash discharge pipe located on the exterior wall of the teaching building, an ash collection pool, and a sedimentation pool. A one-way valve plate is provided between the ash collection chamber and the ash discharge pipe, and the bottom plate of the ash collection chamber is inclined toward the ash discharge pipe; The ash collection tank is filled with water, the top of the ash discharge pipe is sealed, the lower part of the ash discharge pipe extends into the ash collection tank, and the lower end of the ash discharge pipe is kept at a certain distance from the bottom surface of the ash collection tank; the ash collection tank is also equipped with a sewage pump, and the discharge port of the sewage pump is connected to the sedimentation tank. The filtrate layer of the sedimentation tank is also equipped with a water supply pipe, which is connected to the ash accumulation tank to supply water to the ash accumulation tank.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the automatic ash removal structure uses the air pressure difference generated by water level changes to achieve automatic ash removal and ash guiding. The whole process is closed and dust-free. There is no need for manual ash removal by entering the equipment room. The ash removal operation can be completed by starting the sewage pump at regular intervals. In addition, water is recycled, which saves water and is environmentally friendly. It is compatible with multiple distributed biomass heating furnaces, which greatly reduces the workload of manual ash removal and maintenance. At the same time, it avoids dust pollution generated during the ash removal process and ensures the cleanliness of the environment in the teaching building.

[0025] Furthermore, an exhaust valve is provided at the top of the ash discharge pipe.

[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that when water is added to the ash collection tank, causing the air pressure in the ash discharge pipe to rise, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the ash discharge pipe is regulated by the exhaust valve, eliminating the reliance on the one-way valve plate to leak gas into the furnace. Excess air pressure generated during water replenishment can be directly discharged through the exhaust valve, without leaking through the ash collection chamber and the one-way valve plate. This further prevents ash dust that may be carried away during air pressure leakage from entering the equipment room, improving the cleanliness of the teaching building environment, reducing the risk of ash clogging at the one-way valve position, improving the operational stability of the entire automatic ash removal structure, and reducing the frequency of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic fuel delivery module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the automatic ash removal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the automatic ash removal structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid level during the ash removal process in the second embodiment of the automatic ash removal structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram, 1. Radiator; 2. Hot water storage tank; 3. Air pump; 4. Biomass heating furnace; 5. Main water supply pipe; 6. Main return water pipe; 7. Solar hot water pipe; 8. Upper water collection pipe; 9. Lower water collection pipe; 10. Connecting pipe; 11. First electric control valve; 12. Second electric control valve; 13. Third electric control valve; 14. Circulating water pump; 15. Water supply pipe; 16. Centralized storage silo; 17. Hoist; 18. Layered silo; 19. Ash collection chamber; 20. One-way valve plate; 21. Ash drop pipe; 22. Ash collection pool; 23. Sedimentation tank; 24. Sewage pump; 25. Water supply pipe; 26. Fourth electric control valve; 27. Air vent valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools includes radiators 1, as well as a distributed biomass heat supply module, an automatic fuel delivery module, a rooftop solar module, a hot water storage tank 2, an air pump 3, and an intelligent control module. The modules work together to achieve integrated operation. The radiators 1 are used to heat the classrooms; the distributed biomass heat supply module includes several small and medium-sized biomass heating furnaces 4, which are distributed in the equipment rooms at the ends of the corridors on each floor of each teaching building. Each biomass heating furnace 4 is used to provide heating water for the classrooms on that floor; the outlet of the biomass heating furnace 4 is connected to the main water supply pipe 5 of that floor, and the main water supply pipe 5 is connected to each radiator 1 through several heating branch pipes. The return water pipes of the radiators 1 are collected and connected to the return water main pipe 6. The automatic fuel delivery module includes a centralized storage silo 16, a vertical bucket elevator 17, and multiple layered silos 18. The centralized storage silo 16 is located outdoors on the first floor of each building, and the layered silos 18 are located in the equipment room on each floor and connected to the biomass heating furnace 4 on the corresponding floor. The vertical bucket elevator 17 is arranged vertically along the outside of the building and is used to deliver fuel from the centralized storage silo 16 to the layered silos 18 on each floor. The rooftop solar module can be selectively connected to the heating water circulation system for supplemental solar energy during sunny weather. The rooftop solar module includes several solar water heating pipes 7, an upper water collection pipe 8 and a lower water collection pipe 9 connecting the solar water heating pipes 7. The upper water collection pipe 8 is connected to the air pump 3, which can inject air into the solar water heating pipes 7 to compress the water in the solar water heating pipes 7 to a low water level. The upper water collection pipe 8 is connected to the hot water storage tank 2 via a first electric control valve 11; the lower water collection pipe 9 is connected to the hot water storage tank 2 via a second electric control valve 12, and the lower water collection pipe 9 is also connected to the return water main pipe 6. A water level sensor is installed inside the solar water heating pipes 7. The hot water storage tank 2 is used to store circulating water in the heating system; the water supply pipe 15 of the hot water storage tank 2 is connected to the water inlet of the biomass heating furnace 4; The intelligent control module includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and control units for each device. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the control units of the biomass heating furnace 4, the vertical bucket elevator 17, and the air pump 3, respectively, for controlling the start-up, shutdown, and power adjustment of the biomass heating furnace 4, the vertical bucket elevator 17, and the air pump 3.

[0031] It also includes a radiator insulation box, which can be opened and closed. When heating is needed, the box is opened to expose the radiator 1 to the space; when heating is not needed, it is closed to enclose the radiator 1, reducing heat loss from the radiator 1 into the space. When heating is required again the following day after school on a weekday, the radiator insulation box can be closed to reduce heat loss from the radiator 1, retaining as much heat as possible, reducing ineffective heat loss, saving fuel consumption, adapting to the school's need for zoned and time-based heating, and improving the overall energy efficiency of the heating system.

[0032] When the temperature in the upper water collection pipe 8 is detected to be lower than the water temperature in the return water main pipe 6, the second solenoid valve 12 opens and the first solenoid valve 11 closes. The return water main pipe 6 is then directly connected to the hot water storage tank 2 via the lower water collection pipe 9. Circulating water is only introduced into the solar water heating pipe 7 when solar energy is available, thus rationally utilizing solar energy resources to supplement the circulating water and reducing fuel consumption. When solar energy is insufficient, circulating water is prevented from entering the solar water heating pipe 7.

[0033] When the temperature inside the upper water collecting pipe 8 is detected to be lower than the water temperature inside the return water main pipe 6, the air pump 3 starts and fills the solar water heating pipe 7 with air, squeezing out the water inside the solar water heating pipe 7. When the water level inside the solar water heating pipe 7 is pushed down to a low water level position, the air pump 3 stops operating. At this time, most of the circulating water is squeezed out of the solar water heating pipe 7 by the air, avoiding the water from being trapped in the solar water heating pipe 7 and losing heat.

[0034] The main water supply pipes 5 between adjacent floors are connected by a connecting pipe 10, which is equipped with a third electrically controlled valve 13. When the biomass heating furnace 4 on this floor malfunctions or is under maintenance, the third electrically controlled valve 13 on the connecting pipe 10 can be opened, allowing the biomass heating furnace 4 on the adjacent floor to temporarily supply hot water for heating, ensuring that the heating of the classrooms on this floor is not interrupted. Thus, the biomass heating furnaces 4 on different floors of the same building in this heating system serve as backups for each other, greatly improving the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0035] The upper water collection pipe 8 is made of PPR material. PPR material is corrosion-resistant, has good thermal insulation performance, and is easy to install, making it suitable for long-term use in outdoor rooftop environments. At the same time, when the air pump 3 forces air out of the water in the solar water heating pipe 7, air will also enter the upper water collection pipe 8. The PPR material can prevent the upper water collection pipe 8 from rusting due to contact with oxygen. The solar water heating pipe 7 is generally made of glass, which will not rust due to the injection of air. Therefore, this system can use air to force most of the water in the solar water heating pipe 7 into the lower water collection pipe 9 and the hot water storage tank 2. This not only reduces the heat loss of the circulating water in the solar water heating pipe 7, but also ensures the durability of the heating system.

[0036] The tiered silos 18 are equipped with level sensors, which are electrically connected to the controller for automatic fuel replenishment. When the fuel level in the tiered silos 18 falls below a set lower limit, the controller automatically activates the vertical bucket elevator 17 to transport biomass fuel from the centralized storage silo 16 to the corresponding tiered silos 18. This eliminates the need for manual floor-by-floor inspection and refueling, significantly reducing the workload of maintenance personnel and adapting to the practical scenario of limited maintenance manpower in schools, thus achieving automated operation and maintenance.

[0037] Multiple vertical bucket elevators 17 are provided, with the number of vertical bucket elevators 17 matching the number of floors in the teaching building. Each floor's tiered silos 18 is supplied with materials by a corresponding vertical bucket elevator 17. For example, if the teaching building has four floors, four vertical bucket elevators 17 can be installed to supply materials to the tiered silos on the first, second, third, and fourth floors, respectively.

[0038] Of course, a vertical bucket elevator 17 can also be provided, with the discharge port of the vertical bucket elevator 17 leading to the top-level layered silo 18. A drop pipe is provided between adjacent layered silos 18, and a floor material valve is provided on the drop pipe. The lower-level layered silos 18 can obtain fuel through the drop pipe and the floor material valve. For example, in a four-story teaching building, when the fourth-floor tiered silo 18 needs fuel, it can be obtained directly through the vertical bucket elevator 17. At this time, the fourth-floor material valve is closed, and fuel can only enter the fourth-floor tiered silo 18. When the third-floor tiered silo 18 needs fuel, the fourth-floor material valve is opened, allowing fuel to continue falling through the valve, while the third-floor material valve is closed. The fuel lifted by the vertical bucket elevator 17 can enter the third-floor tiered silo 18 through the drop pipe to replenish it. When the second-floor tiered silo 18 needs fuel, the fourth-floor and third-floor material valves are opened, while the second-floor material valve is closed. Fuel can enter the second-floor tiered silo 18 through the drop pipe to replenish it. When the first-floor tiered silo 18 needs fuel, the fourth-floor, third-floor, and second-floor material valves are opened, and fuel enters the first-floor tiered silo 18 through the drop pipe to replenish it.

[0039] Each of the radiators 1 in the classrooms is equipped with an independent circulating water pump 14 on its return water pipe. The water circulation flow rate of each classroom can be adjusted individually according to its actual usage needs, achieving precise temperature control for each classroom. When a classroom is unoccupied, the speed of the circulating water pump 14 can be reduced or even turned off to reduce the heating supply to that classroom, further reducing energy waste. This system precisely adapts to the different usage scenarios of different classrooms in the school, improving the overall energy-saving effect.

[0040] It also includes an automatic ash removal structure, which includes an ash collection chamber 19 located in the biomass heating furnace 4, an ash discharge pipe 21 located on the exterior wall of the teaching building, an ash collection pool 22, and a sedimentation pool 23. A one-way valve plate 20 is provided between the ash collection chamber 19 and the ash discharge pipe 21, and the bottom plate of the ash collection chamber 19 is inclined toward the ash discharge pipe 21. The ash collection pool 22 is filled with water, and the area of ​​the ash collection pool 22 is 1.5-3 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the ash discharge pipe 21 submerged in water. Figure 3 One embodiment has an ash discharge pipe 21 with equal diameter at the top and bottom. Figure 4 Another, more efficient solution is proposed, in which the diameter of the underwater portion of the ash collection pipe 21 is larger than the diameter of the upper portion. The top of the ash collection pipe 21 is closed, and the lower part of the ash collection pipe 21 extends into the ash accumulation tank 22, with the lower end of the ash collection pipe 21 maintaining a certain distance from the bottom surface of the ash accumulation tank 22. The ash accumulation tank 22 is also equipped with a sewage pump 24, and the discharge port of the sewage pump 24 is connected to the sedimentation tank 23. The filtrate layer of the sedimentation tank 23 is also provided with a water supply pipe 25, which is connected to the ash accumulation tank 22 to supply water to the ash accumulation tank 22.

[0041] Because the biomass heating furnaces 4 are distributed on each floor, each unit produces less ash from burning pellet fuel daily, so continuous emissions are not required. They only need to be discharged once a day to complete the ash removal.

[0042] The specific ash removal process is as follows: Because the lower end of the ash discharge pipe 21 extends below the water level of the ash collection tank 22, the water level inside the ash discharge pipe 21 and the water level inside the ash collection tank 22 remain consistent during ash removal. After the sewage pump 24 is turned on, it will transport the muddy water mixed with ash at the bottom of the ash collection tank 22 to the sedimentation tank 23. As the sewage pump 24 continues to work, the water level in the ash collection tank 22 continuously decreases, and the water level inside the ash discharge pipe 21 also decreases accordingly. Figure 5 As shown, because the top of the ash collection pipe 21 is closed, the water level inside the ash collection pipe 21 drops slower than the water level outside the ash collection pipe 21. The air pressure inside the ash collection pipe 21 will form a negative pressure as the water level drops. This negative pressure will push the one-way valve plate 20 between the ash collection chamber 19 of the biomass heating furnace 4 and the ash collection pipe 21 to open, drawing the ash from the ash collection chamber 19 into the ash collection pipe 21. Because Figure 4 , Figure 5 The inner cavity of the portion of the ash discharge pipe 21 that extends below the water level is shown to be... Figure 3 The ash discharge pipe 21 shown is larger, therefore... Figure 4 , Figure 5 The ash discharge pipe 21 shown can produce more than Figure 3The ash collection pipe 21 shown provides a more sustained negative pressure. This negative pressure prevents ash from spreading from the ash collection chamber 19 into the corridor and accelerates the flow of ash from the ash collection chamber 19 into the ash collection pipe 21. After falling into the ash collection pool 22 through the sealed ash collection pipe 21, the ash is submerged in water, further preventing dust generation. When the sewage pump 24 draws muddy water from the bottom of the ash collection pool 22, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the ash collection pipe 21 causes water outside the ash collection pipe 21 to be drawn out preferentially. Water inside the ash collection pipe 21 is then replenished by air from the one-way valve plate 20, gradually falling after pressurization. During this process, the water in the ash collection pipe 21 is discharged into the ash collection pool 22, simultaneously causing the newly fallen ash to be evenly distributed at the bottom of the ash collection pool 22, preventing the newly fallen ash from accumulating and settling directly below the ash collection pipe 21.

[0043] After a full night of sedimentation, the muddy water in the sedimentation tank 23 will form a sediment layer at the bottom and a filtrate layer at the top. During the normal heating period the next day, the clear water from the filtrate layer will be slowly introduced into the ash collection tank 22 through the water supply pipe 25, allowing the ash collection tank 22 to reach the liquid level required for the next ash removal. Since this water supply process can last for 8 to 12 hours, the air pressure rise caused by the rising water level in the ash discharge pipe 21 is also very slow, allowing sufficient time for leakage into the ash collection chamber 19 through the gap in the one-way valve plate 20. When the biomass heating furnace 4 is operating normally, the high-temperature air in the furnace flows upward, and the external cold air will replenish the furnace from the ash collection chamber 19. Therefore, the air leaking into the ash collection chamber 19 from the ash discharge pipe 21 will not blow the ash in the ash collection chamber 19 into the classroom or corridor, but will be introduced into the furnace along with the airflow generated by the combustion in the furnace, ensuring the cleanliness of the classroom and corridor environment. The automatic ash removal structure utilizes the air pressure difference generated by water level changes to achieve automatic ash removal and ash guiding. The entire process is enclosed and dust-free, eliminating the need for manual ash removal by entering the equipment room. The ash removal operation can be completed simply by starting the sewage pump 24 at regular intervals. Furthermore, the water is recycled, saving water and protecting the environment. It is compatible with multiple distributed biomass heating furnaces 4, significantly reducing the workload of manual ash removal and maintenance, while avoiding dust pollution generated during the ash removal process and ensuring a clean environment inside the teaching building.

[0044] Furthermore, an exhaust valve 27 can be installed at the top of the ash discharge pipe 21. When water is added to the ash collection tank 22, causing the air pressure inside the ash discharge pipe 21 to rise, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the ash discharge pipe 21 is regulated by the exhaust valve 27, eliminating the need for gas leakage into the furnace via the one-way valve plate 20. Excess air pressure generated during water replenishment can be directly discharged through the exhaust valve 27 without leakage through the ash collection chamber 19 and the one-way valve plate 20. This further prevents ash dust that may be carried into the equipment room during air pressure leakage, improving the cleanliness of the teaching building environment, reducing the risk of ash clogging at the one-way valve position, improving the operational stability of the entire automatic ash removal structure, and reducing the frequency of maintenance.

[0045] The height of the water supply pipe 25 within the sedimentation tank 23 is level with the required liquid level for ash removal in the ash collection tank 22. During ash removal, the liquid level in the sedimentation tank 23 remains level with the height of the water supply pipe 25 within the sedimentation tank 23. A fourth electrically controlled valve 26 is installed on the water supply pipe 25. During ash removal, the fourth electrically controlled valve 26 is closed, and the water supply pipe 25 remains full of water. When replenishing water, simply opening the fourth electrically controlled valve 26 allows the water in the filtrate layer of the sedimentation tank 23 to flow into the ash collection tank 22 under its own gravity, eliminating the need for additional pumps. Utilizing the water level difference within the sedimentation tank 23 enables automatic water replenishment, eliminating the need for additional power equipment, simplifying the overall structure, reducing equipment costs and operating energy consumption, and precisely controlling the water level in the ash collection tank 22. This ensures sufficient air pressure difference for the next ash removal operation, further enhancing the automation level of the automatic ash removal system and reducing the need for manual intervention.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools, comprising radiators (1), characterized in that, It also includes a distributed biomass heat supply module, an automatic fuel delivery module, a rooftop solar module, a hot water storage tank (2), and an intelligent control module; The radiators (1) are used to heat the classrooms; the distributed biomass heat supply module includes several small and medium-sized biomass heating furnaces (4), which are arranged in the equipment room on each floor of each teaching building. Each biomass heating furnace (4) is used to provide heating water for the classrooms on this floor; the outlet of the biomass heating furnace (4) is connected to the main water supply pipe (5) of this floor, which is connected to each radiator (1) through several heating branch pipes, and the return water pipes of the radiators (1) are connected to the return water main pipe (6). The automatic fuel delivery module includes a centralized storage silo (16), a vertical bucket elevator (17), and multiple layered silos (18). The centralized storage silo (16) is located on the first floor of each building outdoors, and the layered silos (18) are located in the equipment room on each floor and connected to the biomass heating furnace (4) on the corresponding floor. The vertical bucket elevator (17) is arranged vertically along the outside of the building and is used to deliver the fuel from the centralized storage silo (16) to the layered silos (18) on each floor. The rooftop solar module can be selectively connected to the heating water circulation system. The rooftop solar module includes several solar water heating pipes (7), an upper water collection pipe (8) and a lower water collection pipe (9) connecting the solar water heating pipes (7). The upper water collection pipe (8) is connected to the hot water storage tank (2) via a first electric control valve (11). The lower water collection pipe (9) is connected to the hot water storage tank (2) via a second electric control valve (12). The lower water collection pipe (9) is also connected to the return water main pipe (6). A water level sensor is installed inside the solar water heating pipes (7). The hot water storage tank (2) is used to store circulating water in the heating system; the water supply pipe (15) of the hot water storage tank (2) is connected to the water inlet of the biomass heating furnace (4); The intelligent control module includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and control units for each device; the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the control units of the biomass heating furnace (4) and the vertical bucket elevator (17) respectively, for controlling the start-up, shutdown, and power adjustment of the biomass heating furnace (4), the vertical bucket elevator (17), and the air pump (3).

2. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a radiator insulation box, which can be opened and closed. When heating is needed, it can be opened to expose the radiator (1) to the space, and when heating is not needed, it can be closed to wrap the radiator (1) and reduce the heat dissipation of the radiator (1) into the space.

3. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the temperature in the upper water collection pipe (8) is lower than the water temperature in the return water main pipe (6), the second electric control valve (12) is opened and the first electric control valve (11) is closed, and the return water main pipe (6) is directly connected to the hot water storage tank (2) through the lower water collection pipe (9).

4. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an air pump (3), the upper water collection pipe (8) is connected to the air pump (3), the controller is electrically connected to the control unit of the air pump (3) and is used to control the start and stop of the air pump (3). When the temperature in the upper water collection pipe (8) is detected to be lower than the water temperature in the return water main pipe (6), and the second electric control valve (12) is opened, and the first electric control valve (11) is closed, the air pump (3) starts. When the water level in the solar water heating pipe (7) is pressed to a low water level position, the air pump (3) stops operating.

5. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main water supply pipe (5) between adjacent floors is connected by a connecting pipe (10), and a third electrically controlled valve (13) is provided on the connecting pipe (10).

6. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper water collection pipe (8) is made of PPR material.

7. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 1, characterized in that, A level sensor is installed inside the layered silo (18), and the level sensor is electrically connected to the controller for automatic fuel replenishment.

8. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the radiators (1) in the classrooms is equipped with an independent circulating water pump (14) on the return water pipe.

9. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic ash removal structure, which includes an ash collection chamber (19) located in the biomass heating furnace (4), an ash discharge pipe (21) located on the outer wall of the teaching building, an ash collection pool (22), and a sedimentation pool (23). A one-way valve plate (20) is provided between the ash collection chamber (19) and the ash discharge pipe (21), and the bottom plate of the ash collection chamber (19) is inclined toward the ash discharge pipe (21); The ash collection tank (22) is filled with water. The top of the ash discharge pipe (21) is closed, and the lower part of the ash discharge pipe (21) extends into the ash collection tank (22). The lower end of the ash discharge pipe (21) is kept at a certain distance from the bottom surface of the ash collection tank (22). The ash collection tank (22) is also equipped with a sewage pump (24), and the discharge port of the sewage pump (24) is connected to the sedimentation tank (23). The filtrate layer of the sedimentation tank (23) is also provided with a water supply pipe (25), which is connected to the ash accumulation tank (22) to supply water to the ash accumulation tank (22).

10. The distributed biomass heating system adapted for schools according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the ash discharge pipe (21) is equipped with an exhaust valve (27).

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