Efficient dust sealing device for mine blasting

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of mine blasting equipment, and discloses a high-efficiency dust-reducing hole-sealing device for mine blasting, which comprises a central shaft, upper and lower stop rings fixedly arranged outside the central shaft, a filling type main sealing assembly arranged between the upper and lower stop rings, an auxiliary sealing assembly nested around the outer periphery of the lower stop ring, a pushing assembly elastically sleeved inside the central shaft, and an auxiliary fixing mechanism arranged outside the central shaft; and the bottom of the pushing assembly is provided with a pressure-bearing cover with an opening downward. The sealing structure with a double-layer layout is adopted, sealing particles are stored at the bottom of the main sealing assembly, and the particles are pushed to the gap between the lower stop ring and the hole wall in advance when the device is expanded under pressure; even if the sealing assembly is extruded and deformed or directly broken and damaged at the moment of blasting, the released sealing particles can quickly form a physical particle sealing layer at the gap, relative sealing after damage is realized, and leakage and ejection of high-pressure dust are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of mining blasting materials, specifically a high-efficiency dust suppression and sealing device for mining blasting. Background Technology

[0002] In mining blasting operations, the borehole sealing structure directly affects the utilization rate of blasting energy and the control of dust dispersion at the borehole opening. Existing dust suppression solutions for mining blasting borehole sealing mostly employ expansion-type sealing components, expansion compounds, or water bag structures to achieve sealing and dust suppression.

[0003] However, in actual blasting conditions, due to the often rough and uneven borehole walls and fluctuating borehole diameter, existing devices, whether using single-layer or multiple-layer sealing, exhibit poor sealing reliability in the gap area between the sealing element and the borehole wall. Especially when facing the instantaneous high-pressure blasting impact, the sealing element is easily deformed by upward pushing, creating leakage gaps, or is directly torn and damaged by the blast shock wave, thus completely losing its sealing ability. Once the sealing element itself ruptures and fails, the original borehole sealing and dust prevention system collapses instantly, causing a large amount of high-pressure harmful gas carrying dust to be ejected directly along the gap, rendering the dust suppression function ineffective. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly efficient dust suppression and sealing device for mine blasting, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency dust suppression and sealing device for mine blasting, comprising: a central shaft, an upper retaining ring and a lower retaining ring fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central shaft, a filling-type main sealing assembly disposed between the upper retaining ring and the lower retaining ring, an auxiliary sealing assembly surrounding and nested around the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring, a pushing assembly elastically sleeved inside the central shaft, and an auxiliary fixing mechanism disposed on the outside of the central shaft.

[0006] The bottom of the pushing component is provided with a pressure-bearing cover with an opening facing downwards. The pressure-bearing cover is used to receive the blast shock wave and push the pushing component upwards, so as to drive the auxiliary fixing mechanism to expand outwards and insert into the hole wall.

[0007] The central shaft is provided with a first guide channel, and the top of the upper retaining ring is provided with a compression mechanism that communicates with the first guide channel;

[0008] The filling-type main sealing assembly is connected to the extrusion mechanism through a flow channel, which is used to generate circumferential expansion and fit against the hole wall when the extrusion mechanism presses in fluid; and the bottom of the filling-type main sealing assembly stores sealing particles, which are configured to push the sealing particles to the sealing gap between the lower retaining ring and the hole wall when circumferential expansion is generated, and release the sealing particles under explosive impact to form a particle sealing layer.

[0009] The central shaft is also provided with a second guiding channel, and the top of the central shaft is provided with a pressing mechanism that communicates with the second guiding channel. The pressing mechanism is used to press fluid into the auxiliary sealing assembly so that the auxiliary sealing assembly expands and fits against the hole wall to form an auxiliary seal for the sealing gap.

[0010] Preferably, the filling-type main sealing assembly includes an annular elastic airbag ring, and the annular elastic airbag ring has a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity arranged vertically inside; both the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity are connected to the guiding channel.

[0011] The bottom of the annular elastic airbag ring is provided with an annular groove near the edge. Multiple storage bladders filled with sealing particles are distributed circumferentially within the annular groove. The second annular cavity corresponds to the storage bladders in height.

[0012] Preferably, the plurality of storage bladders are equally spaced within the annular groove and are held in the outer ring area at the bottom of the annular elastic airbag ring;

[0013] When the first annular cavity is inflated, it pushes the upper region of the outer ring of the annular elastic airbag to expand outward, and in conjunction with the inflated second annular cavity, it pushes the storage bladder in the corresponding region of the outer periphery to move to the entrance region of the sealing gap.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing particles include a first particle and a second particle, wherein the particle size of the first particle is larger than that of the second particle, the first particle is configured to be confined at the sealing gap to form a bridging support, and the second particle is configured to fill the gap between the first particles.

[0015] Preferably, the top edge of the lower retaining ring is provided with an annular groove or tooth structure to improve the retention and bridging effect of the sealing particles at the sealing gap.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary sealing component is an elastic hollow ring, which surrounds and is nested around the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring. After fluid is injected, the elastic hollow ring expands between the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring and the hole wall to form a pre-seal for the sealing gap.

[0017] Preferably, the fluid filled in the auxiliary sealing assembly is a viscous fluid;

[0018] The auxiliary sealing assembly is configured to release the viscous fluid into the sealing gap area when it ruptures under the action of a burst shock wave, and combine with the released sealing particles to form a solid-liquid mixed sealing layer.

[0019] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes a pushing shaft, the pushing shaft includes a movable upper shaft and a lower shaft body fixed to the bottom of the movable upper shaft, the top of the lower shaft body being a wedge-shaped expansion surface;

[0020] The pressure-bearing cover is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower shaft, and a spring is fixedly connected to the top of the movable upper shaft. The upper end of the spring is fixed inside the central shaft, so that the pushing component maintains its initial stable position under the action of elastic force.

[0021] Preferably, the auxiliary fixing mechanism includes a plurality of guide tubes distributed circumferentially along the central axis and inclined upward, and an insertion rod movably sleeved in the guide tube, one end of the insertion rod passing through the side wall of the central axis and extending into its internal channel, and the other end being a conical head;

[0022] When the wedge-shaped expansion surface of the lower shaft moves upward, it pushes the insertion rod to slide outward along the guide tube, and causes the conical head to insert into the hole wall.

[0023] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism includes a top cover fixed to the top of the upper retaining ring, a movable ring movably disposed inside the top cover, and a push ring threaded to the top of the central shaft. The push ring is connected to the movable ring, and the upper end of the first guide channel is connected to the inside of the top cover, and the lower end is connected to the filling main sealing assembly.

[0024] The pressing mechanism includes a compression ring cavity disposed inside the central shaft, a pressure ring movably disposed inside the compression ring cavity, and a threaded sleeve that is threadedly engaged with the top of the central shaft. One end of the threaded sleeve extends into the compression ring cavity and is connected to the pressure ring.

[0025] The central shaft has an injection hole on its side that communicates with the extrusion ring cavity. One end of the second guiding channel is connected to the extrusion ring cavity. The lower retaining ring has an intermediate connecting channel inside. The other end of the second guiding channel is connected to the intermediate connecting channel, and the intermediate connecting channel is connected to the auxiliary sealing assembly. The pressure ring is moved by the threaded sleeve, and the fluid in the extrusion ring cavity is forced into the auxiliary sealing assembly.

[0026] Both the outer circumference and inner wall of the movable ring are provided with annular sealing rings, and both the outer circumference and inner wall of the pressure ring are provided with annular sealing rings.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. This invention employs a double-layer sealing structure, using a filled main sealing assembly and an auxiliary sealing assembly to form a multi-stage buffer, thereby reducing the damage of the burst energy to the single-layer seal. Simultaneously, by storing sealing particles at the bottom of the main sealing assembly, these particles are pre-positioned in the gap between the lower retaining ring and the orifice wall when the device expands under pressure. Even if the sealing assembly is deformed or directly ruptured during the burst, the released sealing particles can quickly form a physical particle sealing layer in the gap, achieving relative sealing after damage, thus significantly reducing the leakage and ejection of high-pressure dust.

[0029] 2. The auxiliary sealing component of the present invention can be filled with a viscous fluid. By using the destructive effect of the blast shock wave as a trigger condition, when the auxiliary sealing component is ruptured under pressure, the liquid inside is released instantaneously. The liquid absorbs and wets the dust to perform primary dust suppression. At the same time, the viscous fluid is splashed upward under the blast and fills the sealing gap. It mixes with the sealing particles released by the synchronous rupture of the main sealing component, and dynamically constructs a dense solid-liquid mixed sealing layer between the failed upper and lower seals. Thus, even under the most unfavorable working condition where the sealing component body is damaged, it can still achieve efficient dust prevention and leakage prevention.

[0030] 3. This invention utilizes a push assembly with a pressure-bearing cover inside the central shaft, along with an auxiliary fixing mechanism on the outside. By using explosive impact energy, when the shock wave acts on the pressure-bearing cover, it is converted into the power to push the assembly upward axially, thereby forcibly driving the auxiliary fixing mechanism to expand outward and deeply insert into the hole wall. This allows the sealing device to simultaneously acquire the maximum mechanical grip force at the moment it withstands the maximum explosive thrust, thus maintaining extremely high sealing stability and preventing the device from being blown out as a whole. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the pushing component and the extrusion mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a bottom schematic diagram of the filling-type main sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the filling-type main sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the elastic airbag ring of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the central axis of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Central shaft; 2. Upper retaining ring; 3. Lower retaining ring; 4. Filler-type main sealing assembly; 401. Elastic airbag ring; 402. First annular cavity; 403. Second annular cavity; 404. Annular groove; 5. Auxiliary sealing assembly; 6. Pushing assembly; 601. Pushing shaft; 6001. Movable upper shaft; 6002. Lower shaft body; 6003. Wedge-shaped expansion surface; 602. Pressure bearing cover; 7. Auxiliary fixing mechanism; 701. Guide tube; 702. Insertion rod; 8. First guide channel; 9. Extrusion mechanism; 901. Top cover; 902. Movable ring; 903. Extrusion ring; 10. Intermediate connecting channel; 11. Storage bladder; 12. Sealing particles; 13. Second guide channel; 14. Pressing mechanism; 1401. Extrusion annular cavity; 1402. Pressure ring; 1403. Threaded sleeve; 15. Injection hole; 16. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency dust suppression and sealing device for mine blasting, including a central shaft 1, an upper retaining ring 2 and a lower retaining ring 3 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 1, a filling-type main sealing assembly 4 disposed between the upper retaining ring 2 and the lower retaining ring 3, an auxiliary sealing assembly 5 surrounding and nested around the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring 3, a pushing assembly 6 elastically sleeved inside the central shaft 1, and an auxiliary fixing mechanism 7 disposed on the outside of the central shaft 1. The central shaft 1 is preferably a hollow structure, with the pushing assembly 6, a first guiding channel 8, and a second guiding channel 13 arranged inside. After the upper retaining ring 2 and the lower retaining ring 3 are fixed to the outer periphery of the central shaft 1, they both limit the upper and lower positions of the filling-type main sealing assembly 4 and define an annular area between it and the borehole wall that needs to be maintained as a key seal after blasting. This structure ensures that the main seal, auxiliary seal, and anti-detachment fixing are all arranged around the same axial base, facilitating the overall lowering of the device and maintaining a coaxial state within the blast hole.

[0042] In this embodiment, the filling-type main sealing assembly 4 is disposed between the upper retaining ring 2 and the lower retaining ring 3, used to form a main sealing structure that fits against the borehole wall before rupture, and to provide a basis for particle leakage repair after rupture. The filling-type main sealing assembly 4 includes an annular elastic airbag ring 401, and the annular elastic airbag ring 401 has a first annular cavity 402 and a second annular cavity 403 arranged vertically inside, both of which are connected to the guiding flow channel 8. The bottom of the annular elastic airbag ring 401 near the edge has an annular groove 404, and multiple storage bladders 11 are distributed circumferentially within the annular groove 404. Each storage bladder 11 is filled with sealing particles 12, and the second annular cavity 403 corresponds to the storage bladder 11 in height. With the above structure, on the one hand, when the first annular cavity 402 and the second annular cavity 403 are filled with fluid, the annular elastic airbag ring 401 can expand outward as a whole and adhere to the borehole wall to form the upper main seal; on the other hand, the storage bladder 11 located in the bottom outer ring area can be pushed to the sealing gap inlet area between the lower retaining ring 3 and the borehole wall during the inflation of the main sealing assembly 4, so that the sealing particles 12 are close to the location where subsequent leakage may occur. With this arrangement, the filled main sealing assembly 4 not only undertakes the main sealing function before the explosion, but also undertakes the pre-positioning function of patching after the explosion.

[0043] In this configuration, multiple storage bladders 11 are preferably arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the annular groove 404 and are positioned at the bottom outer ring of the annular elastic airbag ring 401. With this structure, the sealing particles 12 can be arranged at multiple points along the circumference, preventing subsequent particles from concentrating only in a localized area. Simultaneously, during the inflation of the first annular cavity 402 and the second annular cavity 403, the multiple storage bladders 11 can be pushed more evenly to the inlet area of ​​the sealing gap, allowing the particles to continuously or nearly continuously enter the sealing gap circumferentially after rupture. For boreholes with locally uneven borehole walls, fluctuating borehole diameters, or unevenly distributed cracks, this evenly spaced arrangement is more conducive to improving the sealing coverage within the annular area.

[0044] In this embodiment, the sealing particles 12 are preferably graded particles, including first particles with a large particle size and second particles with a small particle size. With this graded structure, when the first particles with a large particle size enter the sealing gap, they can first form a bridging support at the gap, while the second particles with a small particle size can further fill the gaps between the first particles. This ensures that when the sealing particles 12 enter the sealing gap after rupture, they do not simply accumulate as particles of a single particle size, but rather form a particle sealing layer composed of bridging particles and gap-filling particles. This makes the arrangement of the particles within the sealing gap closer to the "particle sealing layer" structure defined in the claims.

[0045] To further facilitate the retention of the sealing particles 12 within the sealing gap, in this embodiment, the top edge of the lower retaining ring 3 may be provided with an annular groove or a toothed structure. When an annular groove is used, the sealing particles 12, after being released from the storage bladder 11, can first enter the area where the annular groove is located, and then further accumulate in the sealing gap between the lower retaining ring 3 and the hole wall; when a toothed structure is used, the edges of the teeth can mechanically limit the particles. The function of the above structure is to ensure that the particles have a clear retention position at the edge of the lower retaining ring 3, so that the particles released from the storage bladder 11 are not scattered randomly, but preferentially gather in the target sealing area between the edge of the lower retaining ring 3 and the hole wall.

[0046] The auxiliary sealing assembly 5 is nested around the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring 3 and is connected to the pressing mechanism 14 through the second flow channel 13. The auxiliary sealing assembly 5 is preferably an elastic hollow ring, which expands between the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring 3 and the orifice wall after fluid is pressed in. With this structure, the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 can form a pre-sealing effect on the sealing gap between the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring 3 and the orifice wall after the device is installed, ensuring that this area is sealed before rupture, rather than relying entirely on the sealing particles 12 released by the storage bladder 11 after rupture for passive leak repair. Thus, the main sealing assembly 4 and the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 are located above the sealing gap and in the outer periphery area of ​​the lower retaining ring 3, respectively, forming a double-sealing structure with upper and lower layers.

[0047] Furthermore, the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 is preferably filled with a viscous fluid. With a viscous fluid, when the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 ruptures under explosive force, the released fluid can enter the sealing gap region. When the corresponding region of the filled main sealing assembly 4 above it also ruptures and releases sealing particles 12, the fluid and sealing particles 12 contact in the sealing gap region and together form a solid-liquid mixed sealing layer. Thus, in addition to forming a pre-stage liquid seal before the rupture, the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 also participates in replenishing the medium in the region where the sealing particles 12 are located after the rupture, creating a vertical linkage between the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 and the filled main sealing assembly 4.

[0048] The pushing component 6 is located inside the central shaft 1 and includes a pushing shaft 601. The pushing shaft 601 includes a movable upper shaft 6001 and a lower shaft body 6002 fixed to the bottom of the movable upper shaft 6001. The top of the lower shaft body 6002 forms a wedge-shaped expansion surface 6003, and the bottom of the lower shaft body 6002 is fixedly connected to a pressure-bearing cover 602. A spring 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable upper shaft 6001, and the upper end of the spring 16 is fixed inside the central shaft 1, so that the pushing component 6 maintains an initial stable position under the action of elastic force. With the use of the elastically sleeved pushing component 6, when the pressure-bearing cover 602 is subjected to the action of an explosive shock wave, it does not drive the entire device to move erratically, but first drives the pushing component 6 to move relatively inside the central shaft 1. This arrangement allows the pressure response to occur inside the central shaft 1, and transmits the action to the auxiliary fixing mechanism 7 through the axial displacement of the pushing component 6.

[0049] The auxiliary fixing mechanism 7 is located outside the central shaft 1 and includes multiple guide tubes 701 distributed circumferentially along the central shaft 1 with their axes inclined upwards, and insertion rods 702 movably fitted into the guide tubes 701. One end of the insertion rod 702 passes through the side wall of the central shaft 1 and extends into its internal channel, while the other end forms a conical head. This structure works in conjunction with the wedge-shaped expansion surface 6003 on the top of the lower shaft 6002. When the pushing assembly 6 is pushed upwards by the blast impact, the wedge-shaped expansion surface 6003 exerts an outward pushing force on the insertion rod 702, causing the insertion rod 702 to move outwards and upwards along the guide tubes 701 and insert into the borehole wall, thereby forming a mechanical anchor at the moment of blast. Thus, the maintenance of the device in the borehole depends not only on the adhesion between the main seal and the auxiliary seal and the borehole wall, but also on the embedding action of the insertion rod 702 into the borehole wall.

[0050] In this embodiment, the extrusion mechanism 9 is located on the top of the upper retaining ring 2, and includes a top cover 901, a movable ring 902 movably disposed within the top cover 901, and a push ring 903 threadedly engaged with the top of the central shaft 1. The push ring 903 is connected to the movable ring 902. The upper end of the flow channel 8 communicates with the interior of the top cover 901, and the lower end communicates with the filling main sealing assembly 4. With this structure, the user can rotate the push ring 903 to move the movable ring 902, thereby pressurizing the fluid in the top cover 901 into the flow channel 8, and then into the first annular cavity 402 and the second annular cavity 403. Thus, the inflation of the annular elastic airbag ring 401 does not depend on an external power mechanism, but can be completed by threaded compression.

[0051] The pressing mechanism 14 is located inside the central shaft 1 and includes a compression ring cavity 1401, a pressure ring 1402 movably disposed within the compression ring cavity 1401, and a threaded sleeve 1403 threadedly engaged with the top of the central shaft 1. One end of the threaded sleeve 1403 extends into the compression ring cavity 1401 and connects to the pressure ring 1402. The side of the central shaft 1 has an injection hole 15 communicating with the compression ring cavity 1401. One end of the second flow channel 13 communicates with the compression ring cavity 1401. The lower retaining ring 3 has an intermediate connecting channel 10 inside, and the other end of the second flow channel 13 communicates with the intermediate connecting channel 10, which in turn communicates with the auxiliary sealing assembly 5. With this structure, fluid can be injected into the compression ring cavity 1401 through the injection hole 15, and then the pressure ring 1402 can be moved by rotating the threaded sleeve 1403, forcing the fluid in the compression ring cavity 1401 into the auxiliary sealing assembly 5. Thus, the expansion of the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 is also achieved through mechanical pressing. Both the outer circumference and inner wall of the moving ring 902 and the pressure ring 1402 can be provided with annular sealing rings to ensure that the fluid does not leak in large quantities through the moving gap during the corresponding pressurization process.

[0052] In summary, this embodiment, through the cooperation of the filling main sealing assembly 4, the auxiliary sealing assembly 5, the pushing assembly 6, and the auxiliary fixing mechanism 7, enables the device to simultaneously form a double seal before explosion, release sealing particles 12 to repair leaks after explosion, and perform instantaneous mechanical anchoring during explosion.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further explains the arrangement of the internal storage bladders 11 and sealing particles 12 of the filled main sealing assembly 4. After multiple storage bladders 11 are evenly distributed within the annular groove 404, when the first annular cavity 402 and the second annular cavity 403 are inflated, the multiple storage bladders 11 can be simultaneously pushed in the bottom outer ring region of the annular elastic airbag ring 401 and move circumferentially towards the sealing gap inlet region. With this arrangement, the release source of the sealing particles 12 is not a single point, but is simultaneously pre-distributed at multiple circumferential positions. Thus, when a burst impact causes some or all of the storage bladders 11 to rupture, the sealing particles 12 can enter the sealing gap at multiple circumferential positions along the lower retaining ring 3.

[0055] In this embodiment, the sealing particles 12 are graded by a mixture of large and small particles. Large particles enter the sealing gap first, acting as initial plugging particles, while smaller particles subsequently enter and distribute among the larger particles. Using this method, the accumulation state of the sealing particles 12 after entering the sealing gap is not a simple loose accumulation, but rather forms a particle region containing different particle size levels.

[0056] Furthermore, the annular groove or toothed structure on the top edge of the lower retaining ring 3 cooperates with the aforementioned graded particle structure. The annular groove provides a circumferential retention position for the sealing particles 12 before they enter the sealing gap, while the toothed structure provides a limiting position for the particles in the edge region. In this way, the lower retaining ring 3 is not only used to limit the filling main sealing assembly 4, but its top edge also participates in the positioning and retention of the sealing particles 12, thereby forming a complete leak-proof structural chain between the lower retaining ring 3, the storage bladder 11, and the sealing particles 12.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] This embodiment further explains the cooperation between the auxiliary sealing component 5 and the pushing component 6, based on Embodiment 1. The auxiliary sealing component 5 is preferably filled with a viscous fluid. When the auxiliary sealing component 5 is in its intact state, this fluid is used to keep it in an expanded, wall-adhered state. When the auxiliary sealing component 5 ruptures under explosive impact, the fluid enters the sealing gap region. If the storage bladder 11 above it also ruptures at this time, the fluid and the sealing particles 12 released from the storage bladder 11 merge in the sealing gap region, forming a mixed sealing medium containing both fluid and particles. Through this description, the function of the auxiliary sealing component 5 in the specification is clearly distinguished into two layers: firstly, forming a lower auxiliary seal before the explosion; and secondly, serving as a fluid source to replenish the medium in the sealing gap region after the explosion.

[0059] In this embodiment, the relationship between the pushing component 6 and the auxiliary fixing mechanism 7 is further clarified as follows: the pushing component 6 maintains its initial position under the action of the spring 16, and the pressure-bearing cover 602 is located at the lower part of the central shaft 1; when the blast shock wave acts on the pressure-bearing cover 602, the pushing component 6 moves upward along the interior of the central shaft 1, and the wedge-shaped expansion surface 6003 of the lower shaft 6002 applies an outward pushing action to the insertion rod 702, causing the insertion rod 702 to slide out along the guide tube 701 and enter the hole wall. With this structure, the action of the auxiliary fixing mechanism 7 does not require a separate external force, but is directly obtained by the blast shock through the pressure-bearing cover 602 and the pushing component 6. In this way, the pushing component 6, the pressure-bearing cover 602, the wedge-shaped expansion surface 6003, the guide tube 701, and the insertion rod 702 together constitute the mechanical fixing chain at the moment of blast.

[0060] Further explanation

[0061] In this invention, the annular elastic airbag ring 401 and the auxiliary sealing component 5 can be made of elastic material with elastic recovery capability; the storage bladder 11 can be made of bladder material that can be broken after being subjected to explosive impact; and the sealing particles 12 can be selected according to the appropriate particle size combination based on the sealing gap size.

[0062] Working principle

[0063] In use, fluid is first injected into the compression ring cavity 1401 through the injection hole 15, and then the threaded sleeve 1403 is rotated to move the pressure ring 1402, so that the fluid enters the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 through the guide channel 2 13. The auxiliary sealing assembly 5 expands between the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring 3 and the hole wall.

[0064] Then, the extrusion ring 903 is rotated, which drives the movable ring 902 to move, forcing the fluid in the top cover 901 into the flow channel 8. The fluid enters the first annular cavity 402 and the second annular cavity 403, causing the annular elastic airbag ring 401 to expand outward and adhere to the hole wall. At the same time, the storage bladder 11 moves towards the sealing gap inlet area between the lower retaining ring 3 and the hole wall.

[0065] After the device is placed in the predetermined position of the borehole, the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 is located in the outer peripheral area of ​​the lower retaining ring 3, and the filling main sealing assembly 4 is located in the outer peripheral area between the upper retaining ring 2 and the lower retaining ring 3. At this time, the pushing assembly 6 is held in its initial position by the action of the spring 16, the pressure cover 602 is located at the lower part of the central shaft 1, and the insertion rod 702 is housed in the guide tube 701.

[0066] After detonation, the blast shock wave acts on the pressure-bearing cover 602, which drives the pushing component 6 to move upward along the central axis 1. The movable upper shaft 6001 and lower shaft 6002 move upward synchronously. During the upward movement, the wedge-shaped expansion surface 6003 at the top of the lower shaft 6002 pushes the insertion rod 702 outward along the guide tube 701, so that the outer end of the insertion rod 702 is inserted into the hole wall.

[0067] If the storage bladder 11 ruptures during the blasting impact, the sealing particles 12 inside the storage bladder 11 will be released and enter the sealing gap between the lower retaining ring 3 and the hole wall.

[0068] If the auxiliary sealing component 5 ruptures, the fluid inside it will enter the sealing gap area.

[0069] When both the storage bladder 11 and the auxiliary sealing assembly 5 rupture, the fluid entering the sealing gap region comes into contact with the sealing particles 12.

[0070] If the annular elastic airbag ring 401 remains intact during the burst impact, it will continue to be in the wall-adhering state; if the annular elastic airbag ring 401 ruptures, the released sealing particles 12 will be located at the sealing gap.

[0071] The sequence of actions during the use of this device is as follows: first, the auxiliary sealing component 5 and the filling main sealing component 4 are filled and expanded, and then the device is placed into the borehole; after detonation, the pressure-bearing cover 602 is driven by the impact to push the component 6 upward and drive the insertion rod 702 to insert outward into the borehole wall; under the continued action of the blasting impact, the storage bladder 11 and the auxiliary sealing component 5 rupture according to their stress state and release the internal medium.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency dust suppression and sealing device for mine blasting, characterized in that, include: The central shaft (1), the upper retaining ring (2) and the lower retaining ring (3) fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central shaft (1), the filling main sealing assembly (4) disposed between the upper retaining ring (2) and the lower retaining ring (3), the auxiliary sealing assembly (5) surrounding and nested on the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring (3), the push assembly (6) elastically sleeved inside the central shaft (1), and the auxiliary fixing mechanism (7) disposed on the outside of the central shaft (1); The bottom of the pushing component (6) is provided with a pressure-bearing cover (602) with an opening facing downward. The pressure-bearing cover (602) is used to receive the blast shock wave and push the pushing component (6) upward so as to drive the auxiliary fixing mechanism (7) to expand outward and insert into the hole wall. The central shaft (1) is provided with a flow channel (8), and the top of the upper baffle ring (2) is provided with an extrusion mechanism (9) that communicates with the flow channel (8). The filling main sealing assembly (4) is connected to the extrusion mechanism (9) through the flow channel (8) and is used to generate circumferential expansion and fit against the hole wall when the extrusion mechanism (9) presses in the fluid; and the bottom of the filling main sealing assembly (4) stores sealing particles (12), which are configured to push the sealing particles (12) to the sealing gap between the lower retaining ring (3) and the hole wall when circumferential expansion is generated, and release the sealing particles (12) under burst impact to form a particle sealing layer; The central shaft (1) is also provided with a second flow channel (13), and the top of the central shaft (1) is provided with a pressing mechanism (14) that communicates with the second flow channel (13). The pressing mechanism (14) is used to press fluid into the auxiliary sealing assembly (5) so that the auxiliary sealing assembly (5) expands and fits against the hole wall to form an auxiliary seal for the sealing gap.

2. The dust suppression sealing device for mine blasting according to claim 1, wherein the filling main sealing component (4) includes an annular elastic airbag ring (401), and the annular elastic airbag ring (401) is provided with a first annular cavity (402) and a second annular cavity (403) arranged vertically inside; the first annular cavity (402) and the second annular cavity (403) are both connected to the first guide channel (8); The bottom of the annular elastic airbag ring (401) near the edge is provided with an annular groove (404), and multiple storage bladders (11) filled with sealing particles (12) are distributed circumferentially in the annular groove (404). The second annular cavity (403) corresponds to the storage bladders (11) in height.

3. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple storage sacs (11) are equally spaced within the annular groove (404) and held in the outer ring area at the bottom of the annular elastic airbag ring (401); When the first annular cavity (402) is inflated, it pushes the upper region of the outer ring of the annular elastic airbag ring (401) to expand outward, and in conjunction with the inflated second annular cavity (403), it pushes the storage bladder (11) in the corresponding region of the outer periphery to move to the inlet region of the sealing gap.

4. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing particles (12) include a first particle and a second particle, wherein the particle size of the first particle is larger than that of the second particle, the first particle is configured to be confined at the sealing gap to form a bridging support, and the second particle is configured to fill the gap between the first particles.

5. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top edge of the lower retaining ring (3) is provided with an annular groove or tooth structure to improve the retention and bridging effect of the sealing particles (12) at the sealing gap.

6. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary sealing component (5) is an elastic hollow ring. The elastic hollow ring is nested around the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring (3) and expands between the outer periphery of the lower retaining ring (3) and the hole wall after fluid is injected, so as to form a pre-seal for the sealing gap.

7. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fluid filled in the auxiliary sealing assembly (5) is a viscous fluid; The auxiliary sealing component (5) is configured to release viscous fluid to disperse into the sealing gap area when it is ruptured by an explosive shock wave, and combine with the released sealing particles (12) to form a solid-liquid mixed sealing layer.

8. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing component (6) includes a pushing shaft (601), the pushing shaft (601) includes a movable upper shaft (6001) and a lower shaft body (6002) fixed to the bottom of the movable upper shaft (6001), the top of the lower shaft body (6002) is a wedge-shaped expansion surface (6003). The pressure cover (602) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower shaft (6002), and a spring (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable upper shaft (6001). The upper end of the spring (16) is fixed inside the central shaft (1), so that the pushing component (6) maintains its initial stable position under the action of elastic force.

9. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The auxiliary fixing mechanism (7) includes multiple guide tubes (701) distributed circumferentially along the central axis (1) and inclined upward, and insertion rods (702) respectively movably sleeved in the guide tubes (701). One end of the insertion rod (702) passes through the side wall of the central axis (1) and extends into its internal channel, and the other end is a conical head. When the wedge-shaped expansion surface (6003) of the lower shaft (6002) moves upward, it pushes the insertion rod (702) to slide outward along the guide tube (701) and inserts the conical head into the hole wall.

10. The mine blasting dust suppression and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion mechanism (9) includes a top cover (901) fixed to the top of the upper retaining ring (2), a movable ring (902) movably disposed inside the top cover (901), and a push ring (903) threadedly engaged with the top of the central shaft (1). The push ring (903) is connected to the movable ring (902). The upper end of the first guide channel (8) is connected to the inside of the top cover (901), and the lower end is connected to the filling main sealing assembly (4). The pressing mechanism (14) includes a compression ring cavity (1401) disposed inside the central shaft (1), a pressure ring (1402) movably disposed in the compression ring cavity (1401), and a threaded sleeve (1403) threadedly engaged with the top of the central shaft (1). One end of the threaded sleeve (1403) extends into the compression ring cavity (1401) and is connected to the pressure ring (1402). The central shaft (1) has an injection hole (15) on its side that communicates with the extrusion ring cavity (1401). One end of the second guide channel (13) is connected to the extrusion ring cavity (1401). The lower retaining ring (3) has an intermediate connecting channel (10) inside. The other end of the second guide channel (13) is connected to the intermediate connecting channel (10). The intermediate connecting channel (10) is connected to the auxiliary sealing assembly (5). The pressure ring (1402) is moved by the threaded sleeve (1403) to press the fluid in the extrusion ring cavity (1401) into the auxiliary sealing assembly (5). The outer periphery and inner wall of the movable ring (902) are both provided with annular sealing rings, and the outer periphery and inner wall of the pressure ring (1402) are both provided with annular sealing rings.

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