Time-sharing interlocking energy supply type check valve multi-channel intrinsic safety explosion-proof gateway

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of reverse stopper monitoring, and discloses a time-sharing interlocking energy supply type reverse stopper multi-channel intrinsic safety explosion-proof gateway, which comprises an intrinsic safety power supply unit, a central processing unit, a vibration monitoring channel, a plurality of slow variable monitoring channels and a time-sharing energy distribution unit. The vibration monitoring channel is continuously powered through an independent power supply branch, the plurality of slow variable monitoring channels share a common limited energy output end, and the time-sharing energy distribution unit enables at most one slow variable monitoring channel to be powered at any moment. Preferably, the time-sharing energy distribution unit adopts a rotating insulation disc structure, realizes channel switching through the sequential contact of a power supply conductive part and a plurality of power supply static contacts, and is provided with an insulation dead zone, a two-stage discharge structure, a residual voltage detection part and a residual voltage locking assembly. The present application can reduce the risk of multi-channel simultaneous energy supply and residual energy superposition, give consideration to the continuous vibration monitoring of the reverse stopper and the time-sharing monitoring of slow variables such as temperature, liquid level and oil quality, and improve the intrinsic safety explosion-proof performance and operation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of backstop monitoring technology, specifically to a time-sharing interlocked power supply type multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway for backstops. Background Technology

[0002] Backstops are crucial safety protection components in systems such as belt conveyors and lifting equipment. They primarily prevent reverse rotation of equipment after a loaded shutdown, malfunction, or power interruption, thus avoiding material slippage, equipment reversal impact, and related safety accidents. During operation, the internal components of the backstop are subjected to cyclic loads, impact vibrations, and frictional heat. Its operating status is affected by lubrication conditions, temperature rise, vibration intensity, and changes in relevant operating parameters. Therefore, online monitoring of the backstop, timely acquisition of parameters such as vibration, temperature, and liquid level, is of great significance for assessing its operating status, detecting early potential faults, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the conveying system.

[0003] In applications involving coal mines, underground transportation, and other hazardous explosive environments, backstop condition monitoring devices not only need to acquire and transmit multiple parameters but also meet explosion-proof safety requirements. Therefore, an intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway is typically used to connect to multiple sensors mounted on the backstop. By limiting the voltage, current, and energy storage on the sensor side, the relevant circuits are prevented from becoming ignition sources under both normal operating conditions and specified fault conditions, thus ensuring the safe application of the monitoring system in hazardous environments.

[0004] Existing check valve monitoring systems often require the simultaneous connection of vibration sensors, temperature sensors, level sensors, and other auxiliary sensors. Different types of sensors differ significantly in their power requirements, signal characteristics, and sampling frequencies. For example, vibration signals change rapidly and contain many transient impact components, typically requiring continuous power supply and continuous sampling; while parameters such as temperature and level change relatively slowly and generally do not require continuous high-speed acquisition. Existing multi-channel intrinsically safe acquisition devices typically employ a method of simultaneously powering multiple monitoring channels, with each channel continuously energized during operation. While this approach enables multi-sensor access, as the number of monitoring channels increases, the number of sensors simultaneously powered on the intrinsically safe side also increases, correspondingly increasing the energy storage levels of the power supply lines and sensor sides. This is detrimental to further reducing the energy burden on the hazardous area side. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a time-sharing interlocked power supply type inverter multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway, including an intrinsically safe power supply unit, a central processing unit, a vibration monitoring channel, and multiple slow variable monitoring channels. Specifically, it also includes a time-sharing energy distribution unit. The vibration monitoring channel is connected to the intrinsically safe power supply unit via an independent power supply branch, and the multiple slow variable monitoring channels share the common energy-limiting output terminal of the intrinsically safe power supply unit. The time-sharing energy distribution unit is located between the common energy-limiting output terminal and the multiple slow variable monitoring channels, and is used to selectively connect the common energy-limiting output terminal to one of the slow variable monitoring channels, ensuring that at any given time, at most one of the multiple slow variable monitoring channels is connected to the common energy-limiting output terminal. The vibration monitoring channel and the multiple slow variable monitoring channels are respectively connected to the central processing unit.

[0006] This invention addresses the challenges of continuous, high-speed vibration signal acquisition during check valve monitoring, where slow variables such as temperature, liquid level, and oil quality change relatively slowly, and the increased energy burden on the intrinsically safe side due to simultaneous power supply from multiple sensors. Specifically, it employs differentiated power supply methods for different monitoring channels. Vibration monitoring channels receive continuous intrinsically safe power through independent power supply branches, thus avoiding the impact of slow variable channel switching on continuous vibration signal acquisition. Multiple slow variable monitoring channels share a common energy-limiting output terminal, and a time-sharing energy distribution unit selectively supplies power to one of the slow variable monitoring channels, ensuring that at any given time, at most one slow variable monitoring channel is in a powered state. Therefore, while maintaining effective monitoring of slow variables such as temperature, liquid level, and oil quality, the number of slow variable sensors simultaneously energized in hazardous areas can be reduced, thus lowering the energy accumulation risk caused by the simultaneous power supply load and multi-channel parallel power supply required by the common power-limited output terminal. This allows the limited intrinsically safe power supply capacity to be utilized in a time-sharing manner among multiple slow variable monitoring channels. At the same time, an independent vibration monitoring channel ensures that the rapid dynamic information of the backstop is not lost due to time-sharing power supply, thereby balancing the continuity of multi-parameter monitoring of the backstop with the intrinsically safe power supply, and improving the adaptability of the multi-channel monitoring gateway to the actual operating conditions of the backstop.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple slow variable monitoring channels include at least two of the following: temperature monitoring channel, liquid level monitoring channel, and oil quality monitoring channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the time-sharing energy distribution unit includes a rotary energy distribution assembly, which comprises a rotating insulating disk, a rotating shaft, a rotating drive component, a power supply conductive part, a power supply conductive ring, a sliding power supply contact, and multiple power supply stationary contacts corresponding to multiple slow variable monitoring channels. The rotating insulating disk is rotatably mounted via the rotating shaft, the rotating drive component is driven to the rotating shaft, the power supply conductive ring is coaxially mounted on the rotating insulating disk with the rotating shaft, one end of the sliding power supply contact is electrically connected to the common energy-limiting output terminal, and the other end is in sliding contact with the power supply conductive ring; the power supply conductive part is mounted on the rotating insulating disk and electrically connected to the power supply conductive ring; the multiple power supply stationary contacts are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating insulating disk and are respectively connected to the corresponding slow variable monitoring channels, and the power supply conductive part can sequentially connect to the multiple power supply stationary contacts as the rotating insulating disk rotates. This invention, by setting up a rotary energy distribution assembly, transforms the time-sharing energy supply of multiple slow variable monitoring channels from simple software control into a hardware distribution method with a clear physical selection relationship. The common energy-limiting output terminal maintains a continuous electrical connection with the energy-supplying conductive ring via a sliding energy-supplying contact. The energy-supplying conductive ring then supplies power to the energy-supplying conductive part, which rotates synchronously with the rotating insulating disk. This eliminates the need for the rotating insulating disk to connect to the common energy-limiting output terminal via a follower wire during rotation, thus avoiding wire tangling and ensuring continuous power supply. Simultaneously, the energy-supplying conductive part, along with the rotating insulating disk, sequentially contacts multiple circumferentially spaced energy-supplying stationary contacts, switching the same common energy-limiting output terminal to different slow-variable monitoring channels. This allows slow-variable sensors such as temperature, liquid level, and oil quality to receive intrinsically safe power in a predetermined sequence. Since the power supply establishment of each slow-variable monitoring channel depends on the actual contact position between the energy-supplying conductive part on the rotating insulating disk and the corresponding energy-supplying stationary contact, channel selection can be achieved through hardware positional relationships. This reduces the possibility of multiple slow-variable monitoring channels being simultaneously activated, and also reduces the circuit complexity and intrinsically safe energy distribution management difficulty caused by configuring a complete power supply branch for each slow-variable channel. This improves the determinism and reliability of multi-channel time-sharing power supply and its adaptability to complex field conditions of the check valve.

[0009] Furthermore, an insulation dead zone is formed between two adjacent power supply stationary contacts, and the arc length of the power supply conductive part along the rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk is less than the circumferential interval between the opposite edges of the two adjacent power supply stationary contacts. By setting an insulation dead zone between two adjacent power supply stationary contacts and making the arc length of the power supply conductive part along the rotation direction less than the circumferential interval between the opposite edges of the two adjacent power supply stationary contacts, the power supply conductive part, during its transition from one power supply stationary contact to the next, first completely disengages from the previous power supply stationary contact, then passes through an insulation dead zone that does not contact any power supply stationary contact, and only then establishes an electrical connection with the next power supply stationary contact, thus forming a clear disconnect-then-connect hardware switching relationship. This structurally avoids the situation where the power supply conductor is connected across two adjacent power supply static contacts, causing two slow variable monitoring channels to receive power simultaneously. This reduces the risk of instantaneous parallel power supply and energy superposition during channel switching. At the same time, the insulation dead zone also provides a time window for the release of residual energy after the previous slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized and for subsequent residual voltage detection. This allows the next slow variable monitoring channel to establish a power supply connection only after the previous channel has been reliably de-energized, thereby improving the certainty of time-sharing power supply and the reliability of intrinsic safety protection.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating insulating disk is also equipped with a discharge conductive part. Each slow variable monitoring channel includes a power supply line and a return line, and is equipped with a pair of discharge stationary contacts. One of the discharge stationary contacts is connected to the power supply line, and the other is connected to the return line. The discharge conductive part is offset relative to the power supply conductive part along the rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk. The discharge conductive part can be electrically connected to the pair of discharge stationary contacts after the power supply to the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized, and a closed discharge circuit is formed between the power supply line and the return line through the discharge resistor. By setting a discharge conductive part on the rotating insulating disk that is offset from the power supply conductive part, and making it contact the pair of discharge stationary contacts of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel after the power supply to the channel is de-energized, the power supply line and the return line form an independent closed discharge circuit through the discharge resistor, thereby releasing the residual electrical energy in the sensor, cable distributed capacitance, and channel circuit in a timely manner. Since the discharge action is initiated only after the power supply conductive part has separated from the power supply stationary contact, it will not cause a direct short circuit at the common power limiting output terminal via the discharge branch. Furthermore, the mechanical positional relationship of the rotating insulating disk automatically establishes a working sequence of first disconnecting the power supply and then connecting the discharge. This reduces the risk of residual voltage persisting or charge accumulation after the previous slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized, creating conditions for subsequent residual voltage detection and safe power supply to the next slow variable monitoring channel. It also further reduces the possibility of intrinsically safe side energy superposition during channel switching, improving the safety and reliability of multi-channel time-sharing power supply.

[0011] Furthermore, the discharge conductive part includes a first discharge conductive part and a second discharge conductive part arranged sequentially along the rotation direction; each slow variable monitoring channel is correspondingly provided with a first discharge stationary contact pair and a second discharge stationary contact pair, which are respectively connected between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel; the first discharge conductive part cooperates with the first discharge stationary contact pair through a first discharge resistor to form a first discharge branch, and the second discharge conductive part cooperates with the second discharge stationary contact pair through a second discharge resistor to form a second discharge branch. By arranging the first discharge conductive part and the second discharge conductive part sequentially along the rotation direction on the rotating insulating disk, and cooperating with the corresponding first discharge stationary contact pair and second discharge stationary contact pair respectively, the slow variable monitoring channel sequentially establishes two interconnected closed discharge circuits after the power supply is removed, thereby decomposing the original single discharge process into two stages. The first discharge branch prioritizes releasing the higher initial residual energy in the channel, causing a rapid voltage drop between the power supply line and the return line. Subsequently, the second discharge branch continues to release the residual charge in the sensor's internal capacitance, cable distributed capacitance, and channel circuitry, reducing the possibility of persistent residual voltage or voltage rebound after the first discharge due to the slow release of distributed stored energy. Since the two discharge stages are established by the conductive parts and corresponding static contact pairs arranged sequentially on the rotating insulating disk in a fixed mechanical sequence, a continuous process of rapid discharge and continued discharge can be formed without relying solely on software control. This improves the sufficiency and certainty of residual energy release in the slow variable monitoring channel, providing more reliable conditions for subsequent residual voltage detection and for the next slow variable monitoring channel to obtain intrinsically safe power.

[0012] Furthermore, the resistance of the first bleeder resistor is smaller than that of the second bleeder resistor. By making the resistance of the first bleeder resistor smaller than that of the second bleeder resistor, the two bleedering stages have different discharge characteristics: In the first bleedering stage, the smaller resistance of the first bleeder resistor can generate a larger initial bleedering current, causing the high residual voltage stored in the slow variable monitoring channel by the sensor's internal capacitance, cable distributed capacitance, and related circuits to drop rapidly, thereby shortening the duration of high residual voltage; after the residual voltage has significantly decreased, the larger resistance of the second bleeder resistor continues to perform a more gradual bleedering, which can reduce the instantaneous current surge, contact heating, and contact loss caused by continuous low-resistance bleedering, while continuously releasing distributed energy and suppressing residual voltage rebound. Therefore, by using a graded approach of rapid low-resistance bleedering and continuous high-resistance bleedering, the speed of residual energy release and the stability of the bleedering process can be balanced, allowing the slow variable monitoring channel to reduce residual energy faster and more reliably before switching to the next power supply state, thereby improving the intrinsic safety and hardware reliability of the time-sharing power supply process.

[0013] Furthermore, the arc length of the second discharge conductive part along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk is greater than that of the first discharge conductive part. By making the arc length of the second discharge conductive part along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk greater than that of the first discharge conductive part, the circumferential range for maintaining electrical connection between the second discharge conductive part and the second discharge stationary contact is increased. This allows the second discharge phase to have a longer duration when the rotational speed of the rotating insulating disk is the same or basically stable. Combined with the setting that the resistance value of the second discharge resistor is greater than that of the first discharge resistor, the first discharge phase can quickly reduce the initial residual voltage with a larger discharge current, while the second discharge phase can continuously release the residual charge in the sensor's internal capacitance, cable distributed capacitance, and related circuits with a smaller discharge current for a longer period of time. This compensates for the problem of slow instantaneous discharge speed caused by the larger discharge resistor and reduces the possibility of residual voltage rebound due to the continued release of distributed energy storage after a rapid discharge. Therefore, by combining the short duration of the first discharge stage with rapid voltage reduction and the longer duration of the second discharge stage with continuous removal of residual charge, the time characteristics and resistance characteristics of the two-stage discharge are matched, which improves the sufficiency and stability of residual energy release and provides more reliable conditions for the safe power supply of subsequent residual voltage detection and the next slow variable monitoring channel.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes residual voltage detection units corresponding to multiple slow variable monitoring channels. The detection end of the residual voltage detection unit is connected between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel. By setting up residual voltage detection units for multiple slow variable monitoring channels and connecting their detection ends between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel, after the channel has completed power supply and discharge, the residual voltage still remaining between the power supply line and the return line is directly detected, thereby determining whether the residual electrical energy in the channel has been released to the allowable range. Compared with channel switching only according to a preset time, residual voltage detection can use the actual electrical state as the basis for subsequent switching, avoiding the situation where the residual voltage has not been sufficiently reduced due to differences in sensor internal capacitance, cable distributed capacitance, or discharge process, before entering the next power supply state. At the same time, setting up residual voltage detection units for each slow variable monitoring channel can also independently judge the residual energy storage state of different channels, providing reliable electrical criteria for subsequent residual voltage locking and safe power supply to the next slow variable monitoring channel, thereby further improving the safety and certainty of energy switching during time-sharing power supply.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary energy distribution assembly also includes a residual voltage locking assembly, which comprises an electromagnetic drive, a locking element, and multiple locking slots disposed on the rotating insulating disk. These multiple locking slots correspond to multiple preceding slow variable monitoring channels and are located between the discharge end position of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel and the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel. When the residual voltage detection unit detects that the residual voltage of the current slow variable monitoring channel is higher than a preset range, the electromagnetic drive drives the locking element into the locking slot to restrict the rotating insulating disk from rotating to the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel. By setting multiple locking slots corresponding to multiple slow variable monitoring channels and arranging each locking slot between the discharge end position of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel and the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel, the residual voltage detection result is directly converted into a mechanical constraint on the motion state of the rotating insulating disk. After the current slow variable monitoring channel completes two stages of discharge, if the residual voltage detection unit detects that the residual voltage between its power supply line and return line is still higher than the preset range, the electromagnetic drive will drive the locking element into the corresponding locking slot, preventing the rotating insulating disk from continuing to rotate to the next power supply position. This hardware-wise prevents the next slow variable monitoring channel from receiving power prematurely. Only after the residual voltage of the current channel drops to the allowable range will the restriction on the rotating insulating disk be lifted. Thus, a direct electromechanical interlock relationship is formed between whether the residual energy is fully released and whether the next channel can establish a power supply connection. This avoids erroneous switching caused by relying solely on preset discharge time or software control, and can adapt to differences in actual discharge time caused by different sensors, cable lengths, and distributed capacitance. This reduces the risk of energy superposition between channels and improves the intrinsic safety and switching reliability of the multi-channel time-sharing power supply process.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The present invention adopts a differentiated power supply method for vibration monitoring channels and slow variable monitoring channels. Multiple slow variable monitoring channels share a common power limiting output terminal, and at most one slow variable monitoring channel can be powered at any given time through a time-sharing energy distribution unit, which reduces the number of simultaneous power supplies and the risk of energy superposition on the dangerous area side. Combined with two-stage discharge, residual pressure detection and mechanical locking structure, it can further avoid switching to the next channel before the residual electrical energy is fully released, thus improving the intrinsic safety explosion-proof reliability.

[0017] (2) This invention addresses the characteristics of rapid changes in vibration parameters of check valves, while relatively slow changes in parameters such as temperature, liquid level, and oil quality. It enables the vibration monitoring channel to continuously acquire data through an independent power supply branch, while simultaneously providing time-sharing power to multiple slow variable monitoring channels. This allows for the monitoring of temperature, liquid level, and oil quality without affecting the acquisition of rapid status information such as impact vibration. It takes into account the time characteristics and power supply requirements of different monitoring parameters, making it more suitable for online status monitoring of multiple parameters of check valves.

[0018] (3) The present invention provides a common power limiting output terminal of the intrinsically safe power supply unit for multiple slow variable monitoring channels, and distributes power to different slow variable sensors in sequence through a rotary energy distribution component. It eliminates the need to set up complete independent intrinsically safe power supply and energy switching components for each slow variable channel, which can reduce the number of power limiting circuits, switching devices and related power supply modules. At the same time, it simplifies the multi-channel intrinsically safe energy management structure and helps to reduce the cost of gateway manufacturing, installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0019] (4) The present invention utilizes a rotating insulating disk, an insulation dead zone and a power supply static contact to form a clear hardware switching relationship of disconnection before connection, which reduces the possibility of adjacent slow variable channels being mistakenly connected at the same time; the first discharge branch performs rapid discharge, the second discharge branch performs continuous discharge, and the residual voltage detection and locking components determine whether to allow entry into the next power supply position based on the actual residual voltage, thereby reducing the impact of software timing errors, channel residual voltage and cable distribution energy storage on the switching process, and improving the stability and reliability of long-term operation.

[0020] Based on the above beneficial effects, this invention has good application prospects in the field of backstop monitoring technology. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway of the time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the slow variable monitoring channel and the corresponding sensor of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary energy distribution component according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another rotary energy distribution component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another rotary energy distribution component of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Rotating insulating disk; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Power supply conductive ring; 4. Power supply stationary contact; 5. Power supply conductive part; 6. Sliding power supply contact; 7. Discharge stationary contact; 71. First discharge stationary contact; 72. Second discharge stationary contact; 8. Discharge conductive part; 81. First discharge conductive part; 82. Second discharge conductive part. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway for a time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop, including an intrinsically safe power supply unit, a central processing unit, a vibration monitoring channel, multiple slow variable monitoring channels, and a time-sharing energy distribution unit. In this embodiment, the gateway is used to connect to multiple status sensors on the backstop to collect data on vibration, temperature, lubricating oil level, lubricating oil quality, and other status parameters during the backstop's operation. The central processing unit receives and processes the monitoring information obtained from each monitoring channel.

[0030] The vibration monitoring channel is connected to the intrinsically safe power supply unit via an independent power supply branch. Because the backstop may generate periodic vibrations, transient impacts, and other rapidly changing mechanical responses during operation, the vibration signal changes rapidly over time and needs to maintain good continuity. Therefore, the vibration monitoring channel uses a different power supply method than the slow-variable monitoring channel. During normal gateway operation, the intrinsically safe power supply unit provides the necessary intrinsically safe power to the vibration monitoring channel via an independent power supply branch, enabling the vibration sensors connected to the monitoring channel to continuously acquire the backstop's vibration status information and transmit the corresponding monitoring information to the central processing unit through the vibration monitoring channel. This ensures that power supply switching between slow-variable monitoring channels does not interrupt the vibration monitoring process, which is beneficial for preserving continuous vibration information and short-term impact information during backstop operation.

[0031] Multiple slow variable monitoring channels share a common energy-limiting output terminal of the intrinsically safe power supply unit, and a time-sharing energy distribution unit is located between the common energy-limiting output terminal and the multiple slow variable monitoring channels. In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring channel, liquid level monitoring channel, and oil quality monitoring channel are used as slow variable monitoring channels for explanation, and they are respectively connected to the temperature sensor, liquid level sensor, and oil quality sensor. In practical applications, any two of these channels can be selected according to the monitoring requirements of the check valve, or other state monitoring channels with relatively slow change rates can be set without changing the basic principle of the present invention.

[0032] The temperature monitoring channel is used to acquire temperature change information of relevant parts during the operation of the check valve, reflecting temperature changes caused by frictional heating, changes in lubrication status, etc.; the liquid level monitoring channel is used to acquire the lubricating oil level information inside the check valve to determine whether the lubricating oil quantity is within the normal range; the oil quality monitoring channel is used to acquire information on changes in the lubricating oil condition. Compared with vibration parameters, the above-mentioned temperature, liquid level, and oil quality parameters generally have a slower rate of change and do not typically produce rapid and continuous changes similar to vibration signals within a short time range. Therefore, it is not necessary to keep the corresponding sensors powered simultaneously for extended periods.

[0033] During gateway operation, the intrinsically safe power supply unit provides restricted power to the time-sharing energy distribution unit through the common power-limiting output terminal. The time-sharing energy distribution unit selects one of multiple slow variable monitoring channels according to a predetermined time-sharing method and connects the common power-limiting output terminal to the selected slow variable monitoring channel. At this time, the slow variable monitoring channel receives the intrinsically safe power required for operation, the corresponding sensor enters monitoring mode, and transmits the obtained status information to the central processing unit through the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel. The remaining unselected slow variable monitoring channels remain in a non-conductive state with the common power-limiting output terminal, thus not simultaneously receiving operating power from the common power-limiting output terminal.

[0034] After a slow variable monitoring channel completes the monitoring of its corresponding status parameters, the time-sharing energy distribution unit disconnects the slow variable monitoring channel from the common energy-limited output terminal. Then, according to a predetermined sequence or monitoring requirements, another slow variable monitoring channel is powered. For example, the temperature monitoring channel can be powered first to collect temperature information, then powered off, followed by the liquid level monitoring channel to collect lubricating oil level information, and then switched to the oil quality monitoring channel. This cycle repeats, allowing multiple slow variable monitoring channels to share the same common energy-limited output terminal to monitor their respective parameters.

[0035] During the aforementioned time-sharing power supply process, the time-sharing energy allocation unit ensures that at any given time, at most one of the multiple slow variable monitoring channels is connected to the common energy-limited output terminal. Therefore, even if the gateway connects to multiple slow variable sensors simultaneously, it is not necessary for all slow variable sensors to continuously receive operating power simultaneously. Instead, the intrinsically safe power available from the common energy-limited output terminal is distributed to different slow variable monitoring channels in chronological order. This reduces the number of slow variable sensors simultaneously powered on the hazardous environment side, minimizes energy superposition caused by simultaneous power supply from multiple channels, and allows the same common energy-limited output terminal to be utilized by multiple slow variable monitoring channels in a time-sharing manner.

[0036] The central processing unit is connected to the vibration monitoring channel and multiple slow variable monitoring channels. During operation, the central processing unit continuously receives vibration information from the vibration monitoring channel and sequentially receives slow variable monitoring information from the temperature monitoring channel, liquid level monitoring channel, and oil quality monitoring channel, which are in a powered state. Because the vibration monitoring channel has an independent power supply branch, it can continue to operate normally when power is switched between slow variable monitoring channels, allowing the rapidly changing vibration parameters of the check valve and the relatively slowly changing temperature, liquid level, and oil quality parameters to be monitored using methods adapted to their respective signal characteristics.

[0037] Therefore, this embodiment does not simply enable multiple monitoring channels to work simultaneously, but rather allocates power according to the changing characteristics of different state parameters of the check valve: independent power supply and continuous monitoring are maintained for vibration parameters that need to be continuously acquired, while slow variable parameters such as temperature, liquid level, and oil quality are supplied with power in a time-sharing manner using a common power-limiting output terminal. This ensures that the multi-parameter state information of the check valve can be effectively obtained while reducing the energy burden on the intrinsically safe side caused by the simultaneous power supply of slow variable sensors, thereby taking into account the continuity of check valve state monitoring, multi-parameter monitoring capability, and intrinsically safe explosion-proof requirements.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Based on Example 1, the time-sharing energy distribution unit is further defined, while the remaining undescribed structures and operating methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the time-sharing energy distribution unit includes a rotary energy distribution assembly, which comprises a rotary insulating disk 1, a rotating shaft 2, a power supply conductive ring 3, multiple power supply stationary contacts 4, a power supply conductive part 5, a sliding power supply contact 6, and a rotary drive component. The rotary insulating disk 1 is generally disc-shaped and made of insulating material. The rotating shaft 2 is located at the center of the rotary insulating disk 1 and is fixedly connected to it, allowing the rotary insulating disk 1 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 2. The rotary drive component is located on one side of the rotary insulating disk 1 and is connected to the rotating shaft 2 for driving the rotating shaft 2 and the rotary insulating disk 1 to rotate in a predetermined direction and at a predetermined angle. The rotary drive component can be a stepper motor, a geared motor, or other drive components capable of position control.

[0041] The power supply conductive ring 3 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating insulating disk 1 and arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 2. Specifically, the power supply conductive ring 3 is a continuously closed ring, with its center located on the axis of the rotating shaft 2, and rotates synchronously with the rotating insulating disk 1. An insulating support is provided between the power supply conductive ring 3 and the rotating insulating disk 1, so that the power supply conductive ring 3 serves only as a transmission structure for common limited electrical energy on the rotating component. Preferably, the power supply conductive ring 3 is made of copper, copper alloy, or other metal materials with good conductivity.

[0042] The sliding power supply contact 6 is fixedly installed and does not rotate with the rotating insulating disk 1. One end of it is electrically connected to the common energy-limiting output terminal of the intrinsically safe power supply unit via a wire, and the other end elastically abuts against the conductive surface of the power supply conductive ring 3 along its radial direction. When the rotating insulating disk 1 and the power supply conductive ring 3 rotate, the sliding power supply contact 6 maintains sliding electrical contact with the power supply conductive ring 3, thereby enabling the continuous introduction of electrical energy output from the common energy-limiting output terminal into the power supply conductive ring 3 without using the power supply wire continuously wound with the rotating insulating disk 1. The sliding power supply contact 6 is preferably a conductive contact with elastic pre-tightening function, so that it can still maintain stable contact with the power supply conductive ring 3 even when the backstop generates a certain vibration during operation.

[0043] The power supply conductive part 5 is fixedly mounted on the rotating insulating disk 1 and rotates synchronously with the rotating insulating disk 1. The inner end of the power supply conductive part 5 is electrically connected to the power supply conductive ring 3 and extends from the position near the power supply conductive ring 3 towards the outer periphery of the rotating insulating disk 1; the outer end of the power supply conductive part 5 forms an arc-shaped contact section extending circumferentially along the rotating insulating disk 1. This forms a continuous conductive path between the power supply conductive ring 3 and the power supply conductive part 5, and the electrical energy from the common power limiting output terminal can be transmitted to the power supply conductive ring 3 through the sliding power supply contact 6, and then from the power supply conductive ring 3 to the arc-shaped contact section of the power supply conductive part 5.

[0044] Multiple power supply static contacts 4 are disposed around the rotating insulating disk 1 and fixed to the gateway housing, fixed bracket, or fixed base. These power supply static contacts 4 do not rotate with the rotating insulating disk 1. Each power supply static contact 4 is connected to a corresponding slow variable monitoring channel via a wire. In this embodiment, three power supply static contacts 4 are provided, corresponding to the temperature monitoring channel, liquid level monitoring channel, and oil quality monitoring channel, respectively. The three power supply static contacts 4 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the rotating shaft 2, preferably at substantially uniform angular intervals. When the rotating insulating disk 1 rotates, the arc-shaped contact section of the power supply conductive part 5 moves along a circular trajectory and can sequentially move to the position of each power supply static contact 4. When the arc-shaped contact section contacts one of the power supply stationary contacts 4, a power supply path is formed between the common power limiting output terminal, the sliding power supply contact 6, the power supply conductive ring 3, the power supply conductive part 5, the power supply stationary contact 4, and the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel, thereby enabling the slow variable monitoring channel to obtain intrinsically safe power supply; after the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate and the power supply conductive part 5 separates from the power supply stationary contact 4, the slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized.

[0045] Furthermore, an insulation dead zone is formed between two adjacent power supply stationary contacts 4. That is, during the rotation of the rotating insulating disk 1 from the position corresponding to one power supply stationary contact 4 to the position corresponding to the next power supply stationary contact 4, there is a circumferential area where the power supply conductive part 5 does not contact any power supply stationary contact 4. To ensure that this insulation dead zone always exists, the arc length of the outer arc-shaped contact section of the power supply conductive part 5 along the rotation direction is less than the circumferential interval between the opposite edges of two adjacent power supply stationary contacts 4, so that the power supply conductive part 5 cannot simultaneously bridge two adjacent power supply stationary contacts 4 at any rotational position.

[0046] For example, when setting up three slow variable monitoring channels, the three power supply static contacts 4 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the included angle between the centers of two adjacent power supply static contacts 4 can preferably be about 120 degrees. o The central angle corresponding to the arc-shaped contact section at the outer end of the power supply conductive part 5 can be set to 20°. o ~60 o The actual arc length of the arc-shaped contact segment is ensured to be less than the circumferential distance between the opposite edges of two adjacent power supply stationary contacts 4. The diameter of the rotating insulating disk 1 is set according to the internal space of the gateway housing, for example, 80-180 mm. The diameter of the power supply conductive ring 3 is smaller than the diameter of the rotating insulating disk 1, and space is reserved around it for arranging the power supply conductive part 5 and the power supply stationary contacts 4. The above dimensions are only used to illustrate one possible implementation and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] During operation, when the power supply conductive part 5 contacts the first power supply stationary contact 4, the corresponding first slow variable monitoring channel receives power. The rotary drive drives the rotating insulating disk 1 to continue rotating, and the power supply conductive part 5 first completely disengages from the first power supply stationary contact 4 and enters the insulation dead zone. At this time, none of the slow variable monitoring channels receive common limited power through the power supply conductive part 5. After continued rotation, the power supply conductive part 5 then contacts the second power supply stationary contact 4, enabling the second slow variable monitoring channel to receive power. Through the above mechanical positional relationship, a clear disconnect-then-connect process can be formed, where the first channel is disconnected, passes through the insulation dead zone, and the second channel is connected. Structurally, this restricts two slow variable monitoring channels from simultaneously being connected to the common limited power output terminal, thereby realizing time-sharing power supply among multiple slow variable monitoring channels.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 4 As shown, a discharge conductive part 8 is provided on the rotating insulating disk 1. The discharge conductive part 8 is fixedly installed on the rotating insulating disk 1 and can rotate synchronously with the rotating insulating disk 1 around the rotating shaft 2. The discharge conductive part 8 is insulated from the power supply conductive ring 3 and the power supply conductive part 5, that is, the discharge conductive part 8 is not electrically connected to the power supply conductive ring 3, nor does it obtain power from the common power limiting output terminal. Its main purpose is to establish a release path for residual power after the power supply to the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel is deactivated.

[0050] Each slow variable monitoring channel includes a power supply line and a return line, and is equipped with a pair of discharge static contacts 7. One of the discharge static contacts 7 is connected to the functional line through a discharge resistor, and the other is connected to the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel. Both discharge static contacts 7 are fixedly mounted on the gateway housing, a fixed bracket, or a fixed base, and do not rotate with the rotating insulating disk 1. Different pairs of discharge static contacts can be set for different slow variable monitoring channels, and the pairs of discharge static contacts are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk 1.

[0051] The discharge conductive part 8 is disposed near the outer periphery of the rotating insulating disk 1 and extends a certain length along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk 1. The structure and size of the discharge conductive part 8 are adapted to the positional relationship between a pair of discharge stationary contacts 7 corresponding to the same slow variable monitoring channel, so that when the rotating insulating disk 1 rotates to the predetermined discharge position, the discharge conductive part 8 can simultaneously establish an electrical connection with the pair of discharge stationary contacts 7. The discharge conductive part 8 is connected in series with the discharge resistor, so that when the discharge conductive part 8 simultaneously connects a pair of discharge stationary contacts 7, a closed discharge circuit including the discharge resistor is formed between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel.

[0052] Specifically, in the discharge state, the release path of residual electrical energy is as follows: the power supply line corresponding to the slow variable monitoring channel, a discharge stationary contact 7, the discharge conductive part 8, the discharge resistor, another discharge stationary contact 7, and the return line. This allows the residual electrical energy stored in the sensor's internal capacitance, the distributed capacitance of the connecting cable, and the corresponding monitoring circuit to be gradually released through the discharge resistor, rather than directly short-circuiting the power supply line and the return line.

[0053] Furthermore, the discharge conductive part 8 and the power supply conductive part 5 are staggered along the rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk 1. This staggered arrangement means that the power supply conductive part 5 and the discharge conductive part 8 are at different angular positions around the circumference of the rotating insulating disk 1, preventing them from simultaneously establishing electrical connections with the power supply stationary contact 4 and the discharge stationary contact 7 corresponding to the same slow variable monitoring channel. Preferably, according to the predetermined rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk 1, the power supply conductive part 5 is located in front of the discharge conductive part 8, so that the power supply conductive part 5 first passes through the power supply stationary contact 4 corresponding to the slow variable monitoring channel, and the discharge conductive part 8 subsequently passes through the pair of discharge stationary contacts 7 corresponding to that slow variable monitoring channel.

[0054] During operation, when the power supply conductive part 5 contacts a power supply stationary contact 4, the electrical energy output from the common power limiting output terminal is sequentially transmitted through the sliding power supply contact 6, the power supply conductive ring 3, the power supply conductive part 5, and the power supply stationary contact 4 to the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel, enabling it to obtain working power. At this time, the discharge conductive part 8 has not yet rotated to the pair of discharge stationary contacts 7 corresponding to the slow variable monitoring channel, and the discharge circuit remains open.

[0055] As the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate, the power supply conductive part 5 first completely separates from the corresponding power supply stationary contact 4, thus disconnecting the slow variable monitoring channel from the common power limit output terminal. After the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate a certain angle, the discharge conductive part 8 reaches the position of the pair of discharge stationary contacts 7 corresponding to the slow variable monitoring channel and simultaneously contacts both discharge stationary contacts 7, forming a closed discharge circuit between the power supply line and the return line, thereby releasing the residual electrical energy in the slow variable monitoring channel.

[0056] As the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate, the discharge conductive part 8 separates from the pair of discharge stationary contacts 7, and the discharge circuit is broken. Then, the power supply conductive part 5 rotates to the power supply stationary contact 4 corresponding to the next slow variable monitoring channel, thus powering the next slow variable monitoring channel. Therefore, by utilizing the circumferential misalignment of the power supply conductive part 5 and the discharge conductive part 8 on the rotating insulating disk 1, each slow variable monitoring channel can sequentially undergo the processes of power supply, power de-supply, discharge, and power supply to the next channel.

[0057] Preferably, the circumferential spacing between the power supply conductive part 5 and the discharge conductive part 8 is set such that when the discharge conductive part 8 begins to contact a pair of discharge stationary contacts 7, the power supply conductive part 5 has completely disengaged from the corresponding power supply stationary contact 4, so as to avoid the discharge circuit being established simultaneously when the common energy-limiting output terminal is still in the power supply state. The discharge conductive part 8 can be made of conductive materials such as copper or copper alloys, and the resistance value of the discharge resistor is selected according to the equivalent energy storage of the corresponding sensor, connecting cable and monitoring channel, so as to take into account both the residual energy release rate and the limitation requirements of the discharge current.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] Based on Example 3, such as Figure 5 As shown, the discharge conductive part 8 includes a first discharge conductive part 81 and a second discharge conductive part 82 arranged sequentially along the rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk 1. Both the first discharge conductive part 81 and the second discharge conductive part 82 are fixedly mounted on the rotating insulating disk 1 and rotate synchronously with it. Both the first discharge conductive part 81 and the second discharge conductive part 82 are insulated from the power supply conductive ring 3 and the power supply conductive part 5 to prevent the power supply current from the common power limiting output terminal from entering the discharge branch. Along the predetermined rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk 1, the first discharge conductive part 81 is located in front of the second discharge conductive part 82. After the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized, the first discharge conductive part 81 first establishes the first discharge branch, and then the second discharge conductive part 82 establishes the second discharge branch.

[0060] Each slow variable monitoring channel is provided with a first discharge static contact pair 71 and a second discharge static contact pair 72. The first discharge static contact pair 71 includes two mutually spaced first discharge static contacts, one of which is connected to the power supply line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel, and the other is connected to the return line of the slow variable monitoring channel. Similarly, the second discharge static contact pair 72 includes two mutually spaced second discharge static contacts, one of which is connected to the power supply line, and the other is connected to the return line. Both the first discharge static contact pair 71 and the second discharge static contact pair 72 are fixedly mounted on the gateway housing, bracket, or base and do not rotate with the rotating insulating disk 1.

[0061] The position and shape of the first discharge conductive part 81 correspond to the first discharge stationary contact pair 71. When the rotating insulating disk 1 rotates to the first discharge position, the first discharge conductive part 81 can simultaneously establish electrical contact with two of the first discharge stationary contacts in the first discharge stationary contact pair 71, and connect the power supply line and return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel through the first discharge resistor, thereby forming the first discharge branch. Correspondingly, the position and shape of the second discharge conductive part 82 correspond to the second discharge stationary contact pair 72. When the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate to the second discharge position, the second discharge conductive part 82 simultaneously establishes electrical contact with two of the second discharge stationary contacts in the second discharge stationary contact pair 72, and forms the second discharge branch between the power supply line and the return line through the second discharge resistor.

[0062] In terms of circumferential positioning, the power supply conductive part 5, the first discharge conductive part 81, and the second discharge conductive part 82 are sequentially staggered along the rotation direction, and the first discharge stationary contact pair 71 and the second discharge stationary contact pair 72 are respectively located at fixed circumferential positions corresponding to the first discharge conductive part 81 and the second discharge conductive part 82. Thus, when the power supply conductive part 5 disengages from a certain power supply stationary contact 4, the first discharge conductive part 81 moves to the first discharge stationary contact pair 71 corresponding to the slow variable monitoring channel; after completing the first stage of discharge, as the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate, the first discharge conductive part 81 disengages from the first discharge stationary contact pair 71, and the second discharge conductive part 82 moves to the second discharge stationary contact pair 72, establishing the second discharge branch.

[0063] Therefore, after a power supply cycle, the same slow variable monitoring channel sequentially undergoes three stages: power de-supply, first-stage discharge, and second-stage discharge. The first discharge branch is mainly used to release the relatively large amount of initial residual electrical energy in the channel immediately after power supply is de-supply. The second discharge branch continues to release the residual electrical energy in the sensor's internal capacitance, the distributed capacitance of the connecting cable, and the corresponding circuits that have not yet been fully released after the first stage of discharge. By establishing the two discharge stages using different discharge conductive parts on the rotating insulating disk 1 and different fixed discharge static contact pairs, the sequential relationship between the two discharge stages is determined by the mechanical movement sequence of the rotating insulating disk 1, making the residual energy release process more complete and controllable.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] Based on Embodiment 4, the first discharge conductive part 81 cooperates with the corresponding first discharge stationary contact pair 71 through the first discharge resistor to form a first discharge branch, and the second discharge conductive part 82 cooperates with the corresponding second discharge stationary contact pair 72 through the second discharge resistor to form a second discharge branch. The resistance value of the first discharge resistor is smaller than that of the second discharge resistor. When the slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized, as the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate, the first discharge conductive part 81 first establishes an electrical connection with the first discharge stationary contact pair 71, allowing residual electrical energy to be released through the smaller resistance of the first discharge resistor, thereby forming a larger initial discharge current. This causes a rapid decrease in the high residual voltage in the sensor's internal capacitance, the distributed capacitance of the connecting cable, and the corresponding channel circuit. Subsequently, as the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate, the first discharge conductive part 81 separates from the first discharge stationary contact pair 71, and the second discharge conductive part 82 establishes an electrical connection with the second discharge stationary contact pair 72, allowing the remaining charge to continue to be released through the larger resistance of the second discharge resistor. Since the residual voltage has decreased at this point, using a second bleeder resistor with a larger resistance value allows for a continuous and gradual release of the remaining energy with a smaller discharge current. This reduces contact current surges, localized heating, and contact losses caused by prolonged low-resistance discharge. Therefore, by using the first and second bleeder resistors to form a two-stage discharge method—low-resistance rapid discharge and high-resistance continuous discharge—the discharge characteristics are adapted to the changing process of residual energy from high to low in the slow-variable monitoring channel, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of residual energy release.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] Based on Embodiment 5, the arc length of the second discharge conductive part 82 along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk 1 is greater than the arc length of the first discharge conductive part 81 along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk 1. Since both the first discharge conductive part 81 and the second discharge conductive part 82 rotate with the rotating insulating disk 1 at the same angular velocity, when the corresponding discharge stationary contact remains fixed, the second discharge conductive part 82 with the larger arc length maintains electrical connection with the second discharge stationary contact pair 72 for a longer time than the first discharge conductive part 81 maintains electrical connection with the first discharge stationary contact pair 71. Therefore, in the first discharge stage, the first discharge conductive part 81, in conjunction with the first discharge resistor with a small resistance value, rapidly releases the high initial residual voltage in a short time. Subsequently, in the second discharge stage, the second discharge conductive part 82 maintains electrical connection with the second discharge stationary contact pair 72 through a longer circumferential contact area, and, in conjunction with the second discharge resistor with a larger resistance value, continuously releases the residual charge in the sensor's internal capacitance, the distributed capacitance of the connecting cable, and the corresponding channel circuits over a longer period with a smaller discharge current, thereby compensating for the reduced discharge speed caused by the larger resistance value of the second discharge resistor. By giving the second discharge conductive part 82 a larger circumferential arc length, the resistance characteristics of low-resistance rapid discharge and high-resistance long discharge can be matched with the mechanical contact time, thereby improving the sufficiency and stability of residual energy release.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] Based on Embodiment 6, the gateway further includes residual voltage detection units corresponding to multiple slow variable monitoring channels. Each residual voltage detection unit is used to detect the residual voltage of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel after power is cut off and the voltage is discharged through the first and second discharge branches. The two detection terminals of the residual voltage detection unit are respectively connected to the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel, thereby directly detecting the potential difference between the power supply line and the return line, so that the detection result can reflect the state of residual electrical energy that has not yet been released in the slow variable monitoring channel and its connected sensors, connecting cables and related circuits.

[0070] Furthermore, the residual voltage detection unit may include a voltage sampling branch, a signal conditioning unit, and a detection output terminal. The voltage sampling branch is connected between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel, and preferably adopts a high-impedance sampling method to reduce the influence of the residual voltage detection unit itself on the normal power supply state and the discharge process. The voltage signal obtained by the voltage sampling branch is processed by the signal conditioning unit to form a detection signal corresponding to the residual voltage, which can be sent to the central processing unit to determine whether the residual voltage of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel has been reduced to a preset range.

[0071] During operation, when the power supply conductive part 5 disengages from the corresponding power supply stationary contact 4, the slow variable monitoring channel is de-energized. Subsequently, as the rotating insulating disk 1 continues to rotate, the first discharge conductive part 81 and the second discharge conductive part 82 sequentially establish the first discharge branch and the second discharge branch to release the residual electrical energy between the power supply line and the return line. During the above discharge process, the residual voltage detection unit can detect the voltage between the power supply line and the return line. After the two-stage discharge is completed, the residual voltage detection unit further obtains the final residual voltage of the current channel. If the detected residual voltage has decreased to a preset range, it indicates that the residual electrical energy in the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel has been fully released; if the residual voltage is still higher than the preset range, it indicates that there is still a lot of unreleased charge in the channel, and it is not advisable to immediately enter the power supply process of the next slow variable monitoring channel.

[0072] By setting up corresponding residual voltage detection units for each slow variable monitoring channel, the actual residual voltage status of each channel can be obtained for the differences in discharge speed caused by different types of sensors, different connecting cable lengths, and different equivalent capacitances, instead of simply estimating whether the residual electrical energy has been completely released based on the preset discharge time. This provides an actual electrical status basis for subsequent judgment on whether the rotating insulating disk 1 is allowed to enter the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel.

[0073] Example 8

[0074] Based on Embodiment 7, the rotary energy distribution assembly further includes a residual pressure locking assembly, which comprises an electromagnetic drive, a locking element, and multiple locking slots disposed on the rotary insulating disk 1. The electromagnetic drive is fixedly mounted on the gateway housing or on a mounting bracket fixed relative to the rotary insulating disk 1. The locking element is disposed at the output end of the electromagnetic drive and can move toward or away from the rotary insulating disk 1 under the drive of the electromagnetic drive. The locking element preferably adopts a locking pin structure, and its movement direction can be arranged along the axial or radial direction of the rotary insulating disk 1. Correspondingly, multiple locking slots are disposed on the disk surface or outer periphery of the rotary insulating disk 1 and located on the movement path of the locking element, so that the locking element can restrict the rotary insulating disk 1 from continuing to rotate after entering the locking slot.

[0075] Multiple locking slots correspond to multiple slow variable monitoring channels. Each locking slot, positioned circumferentially on the rotating insulating disk 1, is located between the end of the discharge cycle of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel and the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel. Specifically, after the rotating insulating disk 1 completes power supply for the current slow variable monitoring channel and passes through the first and second discharge positions, the power supply conductive part 5 has not yet rotated to the power supply stationary contact 4 corresponding to the next slow variable monitoring channel. A residual voltage detection and locking position is set between these two points, and the corresponding locking slot is located at this position. Therefore, if the rotating insulating disk 1 wants to continue rotating from the discharge process of the current channel to the power supply position of the next channel, it must first pass through the position of the corresponding locking slot.

[0076] The residual voltage detection unit is connected to the power supply line and return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel and transmits the detection result to the control terminal of the residual voltage locking assembly. When the current slow variable monitoring channel has finished discharging, if the residual voltage detection unit detects that the residual voltage between the power supply line and the return line is still higher than a preset range, the electromagnetic drive unit activates, causing the locking member to move towards the rotating insulating disk 1. When the rotating insulating disk 1 rotates to the position of the corresponding locking groove, the locking member enters the locking groove, and the locking member and the groove wall form a mechanical limit, thereby preventing the rotating insulating disk 1 from continuing to rotate in the predetermined rotation direction. At this time, the power supply conductive part 5 has not yet reached the power supply stationary contact 4 corresponding to the next slow variable monitoring channel, therefore the next slow variable monitoring channel cannot obtain power from the common power limiting output terminal.

[0077] While the rotating insulating disk 1 is in the locked state, the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel remains disconnected from the common power limiting output terminal, and the residual voltage detection unit continues to detect the residual voltage between the power supply line and the return line of that channel. The residual charge can continue to decay through the corresponding discharge path until the residual voltage detection unit detects that the residual voltage has decreased to a preset range. When the conditions for continued switching are met, the electromagnetic drive drives the locking member to exit the locking slot, releasing the mechanical restriction on the rotating insulating disk 1. The rotating drive can then continue to drive the rotating insulating disk 1 to rotate, causing the power supply conductive part 5 to move further to the power supply stationary contact 4 corresponding to the next slow variable monitoring channel.

[0078] Preferably, the locking groove is positioned along the rotation direction after the second discharge conductive part 82 has completed the second stage of discharge, so that the locking action will not affect the normal establishment of the first and second discharge branches. Simultaneously, a circumferential gap is reserved between the locking groove and the next power supply stationary contact 4, ensuring that the power supply conductive part 5 and the next power supply stationary contact 4 maintain an insulating gap when the locking member enters the locking groove. The groove depth and the extension length of the locking member should be able to withstand the torque generated by the rotating drive component in a stopped or controlled state, while avoiding excessive extension of the locking member that could interfere with other conductive structures on the rotating insulating disk 1.

[0079] Therefore, this embodiment further converts the electrical detection results obtained by the residual voltage detection unit into a mechanical locking state for the rotating insulating disk 1, making "the residual voltage of the current slow variable monitoring channel reduced to the allowable range" the actual hardware condition for the rotating insulating disk 1 to enter the next power supply position. When different sensors, different lengths of connecting cables, or different equivalent capacitances cause differences in the actual discharge time, it is not necessary to rely solely on a preset delay time for switching. Instead, it can determine whether to continue rotating based on the actual residual voltage state of each channel, thereby preventing the next slow variable monitoring channel from being powered before the residual energy of the previous slow variable monitoring channel has been fully released.

[0080] In summary, this invention provides a time-sharing interlocked power supply type multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway for backstops. Addressing the issues of rapid changes in backstop vibration parameters compared to relatively slow changes in parameters such as temperature, liquid level, and oil quality, and the increased energy burden on the intrinsically safe side due to simultaneous power supply from multiple sensors, the vibration monitoring channel is configured with independent power supply, while multiple slow variable monitoring channels share a common energy-limiting output terminal through a time-sharing energy distribution unit. Furthermore, a time-sharing power supply structure with a clear physical selection relationship is formed using a rotating insulating disk 1, a power supply conductive ring 3, a power supply conductive part 5, and a power supply stationary contact 4. A two-stage residual energy release process, transitioning from rapid to continuous discharge, is formed through a discharge stationary contact 7, a first discharge conductive part 81, a second discharge conductive part 82, a first discharge resistor, and a second discharge resistor. Simultaneously, an electromechanical interlock is established between the residual voltage state and whether the rotating insulating disk 1 can enter the next power supply position using a residual voltage detection unit and a residual voltage locking assembly. Therefore, this invention can reduce the risks of simultaneous power supply from multiple sensors and the superposition of residual energy in the front and rear channels while ensuring continuous monitoring of backstop vibration and effective acquisition of multiple slow variables. It has practical engineering value such as clear structure, reliable control logic, and ease of modular manufacturing and on-site maintenance. At the same time, the technical approach adopted by this invention, which is "differentiated power supply according to parameter time characteristics, single-path energy distribution using mechanical structure, graded energy release after power failure, and determining whether the load receives power supply based on actual residual pressure", can also provide a reference solution for similar technical problems such as limited simultaneous power supply and difficulty in controlling residual energy storage in multi-sensor monitoring systems in mining equipment, chemical equipment and other hazardous environments.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway, comprising an intrinsically safe power supply unit, a central processing unit, a vibration monitoring channel, and multiple slow variable monitoring channels, characterized in that: It also includes a time-sharing energy distribution unit; the vibration monitoring channel is connected to the intrinsically safe power supply unit through an independent power supply branch, and multiple slow variable monitoring channels share the common power limiting output terminal of the intrinsically safe power supply unit; the time-sharing energy distribution unit is disposed between the common power limiting output terminal and the multiple slow variable monitoring channels, and is used to selectively connect the common power limiting output terminal to one of the slow variable monitoring channels, so that at any given time, at most one of the multiple slow variable monitoring channels is connected to the common power limiting output terminal; the vibration monitoring channel and the multiple slow variable monitoring channels are respectively connected to the central processing unit.

2. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple slow variable monitoring channels include at least two of the following: temperature monitoring channel, liquid level monitoring channel, and oil quality monitoring channel.

3. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The time-sharing energy distribution unit includes a rotary energy distribution assembly, which comprises a rotary insulating disk, a rotating shaft, a rotary drive, a power supply conductive part, a power supply conductive ring, a sliding power supply contact, and multiple power supply stationary contacts corresponding to the multiple slow variable monitoring channels. The rotary insulating disk is rotatably mounted via the rotating shaft, the rotary drive is driven to the rotating shaft, the power supply conductive ring is coaxially mounted on the rotary insulating disk with the rotating shaft, one end of the sliding power supply contact is electrically connected to the common energy-limiting output terminal, and the other end is in sliding contact with the power supply conductive ring. The power supply conductive part is mounted on the rotary insulating disk and electrically connected to the power supply conductive ring. The multiple power supply stationary contacts are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotary insulating disk and are respectively connected to the corresponding slow variable monitoring channels. The power supply conductive part can sequentially connect to the multiple power supply stationary contacts as the rotary insulating disk rotates.

4. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 3, characterized in that: An insulation dead zone is formed between two adjacent power supply stationary contacts, and the arc length of the power supply conductive part along the rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk is less than the circumferential interval between the opposite edges of the two adjacent power supply stationary contacts.

5. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating insulating disk is also provided with a discharge conductive part. Each slow variable monitoring channel includes a power supply line and a return line, and is provided with a pair of discharge stationary contacts. One of the pair of discharge stationary contacts is connected to the power supply line, and the other is connected to the return line. The discharge conductive part is offset relative to the power supply conductive part along the rotation direction of the rotating insulating disk. The discharge conductive part can be electrically connected to the pair of discharge stationary contacts after the power supply to the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel is deactivated, and a closed discharge circuit is formed between the power supply line and the return line through the discharge resistor.

6. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge conductive part includes a first discharge conductive part and a second discharge conductive part arranged sequentially along the rotation direction; each slow variable monitoring channel is provided with a first discharge stationary contact pair and a second discharge stationary contact pair, the first discharge stationary contact pair and the second discharge stationary contact pair are respectively connected between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel; the first discharge conductive part cooperates with the first discharge stationary contact pair through a first discharge resistor to form a first discharge branch, and the second discharge conductive part cooperates with the second discharge stationary contact pair through a second discharge resistor to form a second discharge branch.

7. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The resistance of the first bleeder resistor is less than the resistance of the second bleeder resistor.

8. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The arc length of the second discharge conductive part along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk is greater than the arc length of the first discharge conductive part along the circumference of the rotating insulating disk.

9. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes residual pressure detection units respectively set for multiple slow variable monitoring channels, and the detection end of the residual pressure detection unit is connected between the power supply line and the return line of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel.

10. The time-sharing interlocked power supply type backstop multi-channel intrinsically safe explosion-proof gateway as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The rotary energy distribution assembly further includes a residual voltage locking assembly, which includes an electromagnetic drive, a locking element, and multiple locking slots disposed on the rotary insulating disk. The multiple locking slots correspond to multiple slow variable monitoring channels and are located between the discharge end position of the corresponding slow variable monitoring channel and the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel. When the residual voltage detection unit detects that the residual voltage of the current slow variable monitoring channel is higher than a preset range, the electromagnetic drive drives the locking element into the locking slot to restrict the rotary insulating disk from rotating to the power supply position of the next slow variable monitoring channel.

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