Pressure measuring device and high-temperature fluidized bed

Abstract

The application provides a pressure measuring device and a high-temperature fluidized bed. The pressure measuring device comprises a pressure taking assembly, a pressure guiding assembly, a protective gas supply source, a cooling assembly and a pressure sensor. The pressure taking assembly is arranged at a pressure taking port. The pressure taking assembly comprises a pressure taking inner tube, a pressure taking outer tube and a first protective gas channel. The pressure guiding assembly comprises a pressure guiding inner tube, a pressure guiding outer tube and a second protective gas channel. The protective gas supply source is connected with the second protective gas channel. The cooling assembly is arranged in cooperation with the pressure guiding assembly. The pressure sensor is arranged at a side of the pressure guiding inner tube away from the pressure taking assembly. Through the cooperative design of the flow path decoupling, the low dead volume pressure guiding and the heat management structure, the pressure taking port is protected from blocking, the dynamic pressure signal is truly transmitted and the compactness of the equipment layout is considered in the high-temperature powder-containing environment. The needs of continuous and accurate measurement of the pressure of the reactor are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fluidized bed pressure measurement technology, specifically relating to a pressure measuring device and a high-temperature fluidized bed. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure pulsations within a high-temperature fluidized bed reactor can reflect the gas-solid two-phase flow state and may also include transient information generated by particle agglomeration, channeling, throttling, bed instability, and abnormal reaction processes.

[0003] The internal environment of a high-temperature fluidized bed reactor is a high-temperature, powder-containing environment. Piezoelectric or other high-bandwidth dynamic pressure sensors are difficult to be directly exposed to the high-temperature area of ​​the reactor wall for a long time. The reactor pressure needs to be transmitted to the outside of the reactor through the pressure tap and pressure channel. This makes it easy for fine particles to enter the pressure tap, deposit in the pressure channel or form local blockages, resulting in pressure measurement distortion or failure.

[0004] Existing anti-clogging methods mainly involve blowing air into the pressure channel when it becomes blocked to remove the accumulated blockage. However, this method alters the boundary conditions of the pressure channel, rendering the pressure measurement data during the purging process unusable. Furthermore, the direct discharge of gas into the reactor through the pressure channel may introduce problems such as static pressure bias, flow noise, and additional dynamic coupling. Therefore, existing anti-clogging methods cannot be applied to scenarios requiring continuous and accurate measurement of reactor pressure.

[0005] Furthermore, a thick heater is usually installed on the outside of the reactor, and the pressure guiding channel needs to penetrate through the high-temperature area where the heater is located. If a large buffer chamber, complex valve group, or structure with multiple abrupt changes in cross-section is set near the pressure tap of the reactor, it is easy to cause positional interference with the heater, while increasing the dead volume, heat load, and dynamic hysteresis of the pressure guiding channel. Ultimately, this makes it impossible to simultaneously consider anti-clogging, furnace penetration, thermal isolation, and measurement accuracy when measuring the pressure of the reactor. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure measuring device and a high-temperature fluidized bed to solve the problems described in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure measuring device for detecting the internal pressure of a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor includes a pressure tapping port, and the pressure measuring device includes a pressure tapping assembly, a pressure guiding assembly, a protective gas supply source, a cooling assembly, and a pressure sensor. The pressure tapping assembly is installed at the pressure tapping port and includes an inner pressure tapping tube and an outer pressure tapping tube sleeved around the outer periphery of the inner pressure tapping tube, forming a first protective gas channel between the inner and outer pressure tapping tubes. The pressure guiding assembly is connected to the side of the pressure tapping assembly away from the fluidized bed reactor. The pressure guiding assembly includes an inner pressure guiding tube communicating with the inner pressure tapping tube and an outer pressure guiding tube sleeved around the outer periphery of the inner pressure guiding tube, forming a second protective gas channel communicating with the first protective gas channel between the inner and outer pressure guiding tubes. The protective gas supply source is connected to the second protective gas channel and is configured to continuously supply gas to the second protective gas channel during the operation of the fluidized bed reactor, so that protective gas continuously flows out from the first protective gas channel. The cooling component works in conjunction with the pressure-conducting component, with the cooling component used to cool a portion of the adjacent pressure-conducting component. The pressure sensor is located on the side of the inner pressure-conducting tube furthest from the pressure-tapping component.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the pressure tapping inner tube includes a tapered section located on the side away from the pressure guiding assembly, wherein the area of ​​the cross-sectional profile of the tapered section gradually increases in the direction away from the pressure guiding assembly.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first protective gas channel includes an air outlet structure located at its air outlet end, the air outlet structure including an annular air outlet or a plurality of discrete air outlets arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure tapping assembly.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first protective gas channel includes a first inner protective gas channel and a first outer protective gas channel located on the outer periphery of the first inner protective gas channel; the second protective gas channel includes a second inner protective gas channel connected to the first inner protective gas channel and a second outer protective gas channel located on the outer periphery of the second inner protective gas channel; the second outer protective gas channel is connected to the first outer protective gas channel; and the gas outlet structure includes an inner gas outlet structure that cooperates with the first inner protective gas channel and an outer gas outlet structure that cooperates with the first outer protective gas channel.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the flow rate of the protective gas in the first protective gas passage and / or the second protective gas passage is between 0.1 and 1.0 NL / min.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the gas pressure in the first protective gas channel and / or the second protective gas channel is 0.5 to 5 kPa higher than the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the air outlet direction of the air outlet structure is at an angle to the axial direction of the pressure tapping inner tube.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a heater is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the fluidized bed reactor for heating the fluidized bed reactor, and a cooling assembly is located on the outer peripheral side of the heater; the pressure guiding inner tube includes a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section, the high-temperature section passes through the heater and is located between the pressure tapping assembly and the cooling assembly, the low-temperature section passes through the cooling assembly, and the pressure sensor is located on the side of the low-temperature section away from the high-temperature section.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the pressure sensor includes a static pressure sensor and a dynamic pressure sensor.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the pressure tapping assembly includes a mounting portion and a stop portion arranged along its axial direction, the mounting portion being used to be installed into the pressure tapping port, and the stop portion being used to abut against the outer surface of the fluidized bed reactor.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the pressure measuring device further includes a purging assembly connected to the pressure-conducting inner tube.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the pressure measuring device further includes a data acquisition unit, which is used to acquire pressure signals from pressure sensors, and also to receive operating status signals from the purging assembly, and to mark the pressure signals within the same acquisition time window according to the operating status signals.

[0019] On the other hand, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a high-temperature fluidized bed, which includes the above-mentioned pressure measuring device and a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor includes a pressure tap, and the pressure measuring device is disposed at the pressure tap.

[0020] Compared to existing technologies, this invention, by continuously supplying protective gas and forming a local airflow barrier around the pressure tapping inlet, can suppress particulate matter from entering the pressure guiding channel at the source, reducing the risk of blockage. It eliminates the need for purging the pressure guiding channel after blockage occurs, avoiding measurement interruptions caused by purging. Furthermore, the protective gas flows only around the pressure tapping inlet and does not enter the central pressure transmission channel, thus avoiding the introduction of additional pressure sources, flow noise, or changes in the gas medium state within the channel. This prevents interference with the dynamic pressure signal and ensures that the signal acquired by the pressure sensor accurately reflects the pressure changes inside the reactor. In addition, this invention employs a continuous pressure guiding structure integrated with the protective gas channel, eliminating the need for large buffer chambers or complex valve groups near the pressure tapping inlet, avoiding positional interference with the heater, and reducing the dead volume, heat load, and dynamic hysteresis of the pressure guiding channel. Combined with the local cooling of the pressure guiding component, this allows the pressure sensor to operate stably for extended periods within the permissible temperature range.

[0021] In summary, this invention, through the synergistic design of flow path decoupling, low dead volume pressure conduction, and thermal management structure, takes into account the anti-clogging protection of the pressure tap, the accurate transmission of dynamic pressure signals, and the compactness of the equipment layout in a high-temperature powder-containing environment, thus meeting the need for continuous and accurate measurement of reactor pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure measuring device and fluidized bed reactor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a partial area of ​​the pressure measuring device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure tapping inlet in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure tapping inlet in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure tapping inlet in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial area of ​​the pressure measuring device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure tapping inlet in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0030] Key reference numerals: 1. Pressure tapping assembly; 11. Inner pressure tapping tube; 111. Pressure tapping inlet; 12. Outer pressure tapping tube; 121. Inner outer pressure tapping tube; 122. Outer outer pressure tapping tube; 13. First protective gas passage; 131. First inner protective gas passage; 132. First outer protective gas passage; 14. Gas outlet structure; 141. Inner gas outlet structure; 142. Outer gas outlet structure; 15. Mounting part; 16. Stop part; 2 1. Pressure guiding assembly; 21. Inner pressure guiding tube; 211. High temperature section; 212. Low temperature section; 22. Outer pressure guiding tube; 221. Inner outer pressure guiding tube; 222. Outer outer pressure guiding tube; 23. Second protective gas channel; 231. Second inner protective gas channel; 232. Second outer protective gas channel; 3. Protective gas supply source; 4. Cooling assembly; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Data acquisition unit; 7. Fluidized bed reactor; 8. Heater. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the term "first" is used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 3As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure measuring device applied to a high-temperature fluidized bed for detecting the pressure inside a fluidized bed reactor 7. Specifically, the fluidized bed reactor 7 includes a pressure tap connected to an internal chamber of the fluidized bed reactor 7, and the pressure measuring device includes a pressure tapping assembly 1, a pressure guiding assembly 2, a protective gas supply source 3, a cooling assembly 4, and a pressure sensor 5.

[0036] Specifically, the pressure tapping assembly 1 is installed at the pressure tapping port of the fluidized bed reactor 7. The pressure tapping assembly 1 is constructed as a jacketed tubular structure, including an inner pressure tapping tube 11 and an outer pressure tapping tube 12. The side of the inner pressure tapping tube 11 away from the pressure guiding assembly 2 forms a pressure tapping inlet 111. The outer pressure tapping tube 12 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pressure tapping tube 11. The outer diameter of the inner pressure tapping tube 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer pressure tapping tube 12, thereby forming a first protective gas channel 13 between the inner pressure tapping tube 11 and the outer pressure tapping tube 12. After the pressure tapping assembly 1 is installed at the pressure tapping port, the internal channel of the inner pressure tapping tube 11 is interconnected with the internal chamber of the fluidized bed reactor 7, so that the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 can be transmitted outward through the inner pressure tapping tube 11. The pressure guiding component 2 is connected to the side of the pressure tapping component 1 away from the fluidized bed reactor 7. The pressure guiding component 2 is also constructed as a jacketed tubular structure, including an inner pressure guiding tube 21 and an outer pressure guiding tube 22. The outer pressure guiding tube 22 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pressure guiding tube 21. The inner pressure guiding tube 21 is interconnected with the inner pressure tapping tube 11. The outer diameter of the inner pressure guiding tube 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer pressure guiding tube 22, thereby forming a second protective gas channel 23 between the inner pressure guiding tube 21 and the outer pressure guiding tube 22. The second protective gas channel 23 is interconnected with the first protective gas channel 13 of the pressure tapping component 1. The protective gas supply source 3 is located outside the fluidized bed reactor 7 and is connected to the second protective gas channel 23. During the operation of the fluidized bed reactor 7, the protective gas supply source 3 can continuously supply inert protective gases such as nitrogen to the second protective gas channel 23, so that the protective gas can continuously flow out from the first protective gas channel 13. The cooling component 4 is configured in conjunction with the pressure guiding component 2. The cooling component 4 is used to cool a portion of the adjacent pressure guiding component 2 to reduce the temperature of that portion of the pressure guiding component 2. The pressure sensor 5 is located on the side of the pressure guiding inner tube 21 away from the pressure tapping component 1. The pressure sensor 5 is used to receive the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 through the internal channels of the pressure tapping inner tube 11 and the pressure guiding inner tube 21.

[0037] According to the above structural design, the inner cavities of the pressure tapping inner tube 11 and the pressure guiding inner tube 21 are interconnected, forming a central pressure transmission channel extending from the inside of the fluidized bed reactor 7 to the pressure sensor 5. During pressure measurement, there are no unnecessary branches, buffer cavities, or abrupt cross-sectional structures within the central pressure transmission channel to avoid introducing additional volume and causing amplitude attenuation or phase lag in the target frequency band of the dynamic pressure signal. Simultaneously, the first protective gas channel 13 of the pressure tapping assembly 1 and the second protective gas channel 23 of the pressure guiding assembly 2 together constitute a protective gas delivery channel located around the central pressure transmission channel. After the protective gas flows out from the protective gas delivery channel, it can form a local airflow barrier around the pressure tapping inlet 111, inhibiting particulate matter from entering the interior of the central pressure transmission channel through the pressure tapping inlet 111, thereby reducing the probability of blockage in the central pressure transmission channel. Compared to the scheme of introducing high-pressure gas for purging after blockage occurs at the pressure tapping inlet 111 or the pressure guiding channel, the protective gas in this embodiment is continuously supplied during the normal operation of the fluidized bed reactor 7, without relying on the detection of blockage or interrupting pressure measurement for purging.

[0038] Based on the aforementioned flow path isolation structure, when the protective gas is discharged from the fluidized bed reactor 7 through the protective gas delivery channel, a local air curtain is formed only around the pressure tapping inlet 111. This air curtain can suppress the movement of particulate matter into the pressure tapping inlet 111 without changing the airflow state inside the central pressure transmission channel. Since there is no additional pressure source or airflow noise generated by the flow of protective gas in the central pressure transmission channel, the gas medium inside it remains in the state of the process gas inside the reactor. The pressure transmission conditions in the central pressure transmission channel are not changed by the introduction of protective gas. Therefore, the pressure signal obtained by the pressure sensor 5 can truly reflect the real pressure inside the reactor, and the protective gas supply behavior itself does not significantly change the dynamic pressure transmission characteristics.

[0039] Furthermore, during the operation of the fluidized bed reactor 7, its interior and adjacent areas are in a high-temperature environment, and heat is conducted to the pressure sensor 5 along the pressure tapping assembly 1 and the pressure guiding assembly 2. The cooling assembly 4 can cool a portion of the pressure guiding assembly 2 adjacent to the pressure sensor 5 to reduce the temperature of that area and prevent the temperature around the pressure sensor 5 from exceeding its allowable operating temperature range, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy, response characteristics, and reliability of the pressure sensor 5.

[0040] Therefore, this pressure measuring device integrates the central pressure transmission channel and the protective gas delivery channel into one unit through a sandwich tube structure. The two are nested in structure, isolated in flow path, and cooperate with each other in function. It not only uses the protective gas to suppress particle intrusion at the pressure tapping inlet 111, but also avoids the interference of the protective gas on the dynamic transmission characteristics of the central pressure transmission channel. Thus, it can take into account both the anti-clogging protection of the pressure tapping port and the accurate measurement of dynamic pressure signals in a high-temperature and powdery environment.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the pressure tapping inner tube 11 in this embodiment includes a transition section located on the side of the pressure tapping inner tube 11 away from the pressure guiding component 2. In the direction away from the pressure guiding component 2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition section gradually increases; that is, in the direction away from the pressure guiding component 2, the transition section is a flared structure. With this configuration, on the one hand, the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 can enter the pressure tapping inner tube 11 through the larger pressure tapping inlet 111, and then smoothly transition into the interior of the pressure tapping inner tube 11 under the guidance of the transition section. The airflow is less prone to eddies or local turbulence at the pressure tapping inlet 111, thereby reducing pressure fluctuations caused by changes in the cross-section of the airflow. On the other hand, the flared structure reduces the airflow velocity at the pressure inlet 111, making it easier for particles to bypass the pressure inlet 111 rather than enter its interior when impacted by the airflow. At the same time, the inclined inner wall of the transition section can guide a small number of particles that accidentally enter, allowing them to slide back into the fluidized bed reactor 7 under the influence of gravity or airflow, thereby reducing the risk of particles accumulating or clogging at the pressure inlet 111.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the contour shape of the transition section is approximately frustum-shaped, and the pressure tapping inner tube 11 forms a smooth transition near the pressure tapping inlet 111, which helps to reduce energy loss and waveform distortion of high-frequency pressure fluctuations at the pressure tapping inlet 111. At the same time, the smooth inclined wall of the frustum-shaped structure has a better guiding effect on particles that accidentally enter the pressure tapping inlet 111, and is more conducive to particles sliding down the inclined inner wall and returning to the interior of the fluidized bed reactor 7.

[0043] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3As shown, the first protective gas channel 13 of this embodiment includes an outlet structure 14 located at its outlet end, which is configured as an annular outlet. This annular outlet surrounds the outer periphery of the pressure-tapping inner tube 11 and is located in the peripheral region of the pressure-tapping inlet 111. After the protective gas is transported to the outlet end through the first protective gas channel 13, it is discharged through the annular outlet. Because the annular outlet surrounds the pressure-tapping inner tube 11, a continuous and uniformly distributed airflow can be formed around the pressure-tapping inlet 111 when the protective gas is discharged. This airflow forms a surrounding localized air curtain around the pressure-tapping inlet 111, thereby suppressing the movement of particulate matter into the pressure-tapping inlet 111 in the entire circumferential direction, which is beneficial to improving the blocking effect and coverage uniformity of the air curtain on particulate matter.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outlet direction of the outlet structure 14 forms an angle with the axial direction of the pressure tapping inner tube 11. That is, when the protective gas is discharged through the outlet structure 14, its discharge direction is not along the axial direction of the pressure tapping inner tube 11 towards the pressure tapping inlet 111, but is inclined at a certain angle to the axial direction of the pressure tapping inner tube 11. With the above arrangement, after the protective gas is discharged from the outlet structure 14, its movement direction has a component along the axial direction of the pressure tapping inner tube 11, and at the same time has a component pointing radially or circumferentially towards the pressure tapping inner tube 11. This makes the protective gas form an oblique or transverse airflow covering the periphery of the pressure tapping inlet 111, and this airflow is not likely to directly impact the interior of the pressure tapping inlet 111.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outer diameter of the fluidized bed reactor 7 is approximately between 240 and 300 mm, the wall thickness is approximately between 5 and 7 mm, the normal operating pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 is approximately between 3 and 5 kPa, and the velocity of the fluidizing gas inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 is approximately between 0.05 and 0.08 m / s. To avoid interference from the protective gas in the measurement of the dynamic pressure signal within the central pressure transmission channel, this embodiment controls the supply of protective gas at a low level. Specifically, the flow rate of protective gas in the first protective gas channel 13 and the second protective gas channel 23 is set to 0.1 NL / min to 1.0 NL / min. Within this flow rate range, the local airflow barrier formed by the protective gas around the pressure tapping inlet 111 is sufficient to suppress the movement of particulate matter into the pressure tapping inlet 111. At the same time, due to its low flow rate, the protective gas will not form a strong jet or pressure fluctuation at the pressure tapping inlet 111 when it is discharged, thereby avoiding perceptible disturbance to the pressure signal transmitted within the central pressure transmission channel and ensuring that the pressure sensor 5 can acquire the true dynamic pressure signal. Meanwhile, compared to the gas flow rate required by conventional purging methods, the protective gas flow rate of 0.1 NL / min to 1.0 NL / min in this embodiment is significantly lower than the gas consumption of periodic forced purging or continuous purging schemes, which helps to reduce the consumption of protective gas and reduce operating costs. Preferably, the protective gas flow rate in the first protective gas channel 13 and the second protective gas channel 23 is set to 0.3 to 0.5 NL / min.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gas pressure in the first protective gas channel 13 and the second protective gas channel 23 is higher than the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor 7, with a pressure difference between 0.5 kPa and 5 kPa. Within this pressure difference range, the protective gas can be continuously discharged into the reactor at an appropriate flow rate, forming a stable local airflow barrier around the pressure tapping inlet 111, thereby effectively suppressing the movement of particulate matter into the pressure tapping inlet 111. Simultaneously, this pressure difference range ensures that the flow rate of the protective gas during discharge is at a low level, preventing significant jetting effects or local pressure fluctuations at the pressure tapping inlet 111, thus avoiding the introduction of perceptible additional pressure disturbances within the central pressure transmission channel. Preferably, the gas pressure in the first protective gas channel 13 and the second protective gas channel 23 is 1 to 3 kPa higher than the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor 7.

[0047] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1As shown, a heater 8 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the fluidized bed reactor 7 in this embodiment. The heater 8 includes, but is not limited to, a heating furnace. The heater 8 is used to heat the fluidized bed reactor 7 so that the material inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 reaches the required process temperature. The cooling assembly 4 is located on the outer peripheral side of the heater 8, that is, along the extending direction of the pressure guiding assembly 2. The cooling assembly 4 is located on the side of the heater 8 away from the fluidized bed reactor 7. The cooling assembly 4 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a water-cooled jacket, a water-cooled block, an air-cooled structure, heat exchange fins, or a heat sink, as long as it can form local cooling in the corresponding area of ​​the pressure guiding assembly 2. The pressure guiding inner tube 21 includes a high-temperature section 211 and a low-temperature section 212. The high-temperature section 211 penetrates the area where the heater 8 is located along its axial direction and is located between the pressure tapping assembly 1 and the cooling assembly 4. The low-temperature section 212 penetrates the area where the cooling assembly 4 is located. The pressure sensor 5 is located on the side of the low-temperature section 212 away from the high-temperature section 211, that is, the pressure sensor 5 is located on the side of the cooling assembly 4 away from the heater 8. With this configuration, the high-temperature pressure medium inside the fluidized bed reactor 7 enters the high-temperature section 211 of the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 via the pressure tapping inner tube 11, where it maintains a high temperature. It then enters the low-temperature section 212 that penetrates the cooling assembly 4. Due to the cooling effect of the cooling assembly 4, the temperature of the low-temperature section 212 and its internal medium is reduced, thus ensuring that the ambient temperature of the pressure sensor 5, located on the side of the low-temperature section 212 away from the high-temperature section 211, meets its operating temperature requirements. In other words, by configuring the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 with the high-temperature section 211 and the low-temperature section 212 arranged sequentially along its axial direction, and by having the cooling assembly 4 act on the transition area between the high-temperature section 211 and the low-temperature section 212, the heat conduction path along the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 towards the pressure sensor 5 can be effectively blocked, preventing the high-temperature medium from being directly transferred to the pressure sensor 5 and ensuring that the pressure sensor 5 operates normally within its allowable temperature range.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the high-temperature section 211 is made of a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant metal material, so that the high-temperature section 211 can maintain good structural strength and corrosion resistance under long-term high-temperature environment, avoiding failure due to high-temperature oxidation or corrosion by process atmosphere. Although the low-temperature section 212 has a lower temperature due to cooling, its end near the high-temperature section 211 still bears a certain amount of heat conduction. The low-temperature section 212 can also be made of a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant metal material.

[0049] Furthermore, the aforementioned metal materials include, but are not limited to, stainless steel and nickel-based heat-resistant alloys. The high-temperature section 211 and the low-temperature section 212 can be made of the same material, or different grades of heat-resistant alloy materials can be selected according to their respective temperature ranges and corrosion conditions to adapt to the working conditions of different sections.

[0050] Furthermore, the pressure sensor 5 in this embodiment includes a static pressure sensor and a dynamic pressure sensor. The static pressure sensor is used to measure the static pressure and / or low-frequency pressure signal inside the fluidized bed reactor 7, while the dynamic pressure sensor is used to measure the dynamic pressure signal inside the fluidized bed reactor 7, i.e., the pulsating component of pressure that changes rapidly over time. By setting two different types of pressure sensors, the static reference value and dynamic change of pressure inside the reactor can be obtained simultaneously, providing more comprehensive pressure data for subsequent comprehensive judgment of the reactor's operating status. Of course, those skilled in the art can flexibly select the type and combination of pressure sensors according to specific monitoring needs and application scenarios. In cases where only the average pressure or slow changes inside the reactor need to be monitored, only a static pressure sensor can be set; in cases where only rapid pressure pulsations or abnormal transient pressure events need to be monitored, only a dynamic pressure sensor can be set.

[0051] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the pressure tapping assembly 1 in this embodiment includes a mounting portion 15 and a stop portion 16 arranged along its axial direction. The cross-sectional area of ​​the stop portion 16 is larger than that of the mounting portion 15, and the two form a T-shaped stepped structure. The mounting portion 15 is used to install into the pressure tapping port so that the pressure tapping assembly 1 seals the pressure tapping port. The stop portion 16 is used to abut against the outer surface of the fluidized bed reactor 7 to limit the axial position of the pressure tapping assembly 1 extending into the pressure tapping port.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pressure tapping component 1 is installed at the pressure tapping port by means of welding or other methods.

[0053] Furthermore, the pressure measuring device in this embodiment also includes a purging assembly (not shown in the figure). The purging assembly is connected to the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 and is used to introduce purging gas into the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 when it is necessary to clear the blockage. The purging assembly is in a closed state under normal circumstances and is only activated when the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 becomes blocked due to abnormal high-intensity pressure fluctuations inside the fluidized bed reactor 7. That is, the purging assembly serves as a backup maintenance measure, and its operation is independent of the continuous supply of protective gas during normal dynamic pressure measurement. Purging is not used as a conventional means to keep the pressure tap unobstructed.

[0054] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1As shown, the pressure measurement device in this embodiment also includes a data acquisition unit 6. The data acquisition unit 6 is used to acquire the pressure signal from the pressure sensor 5. It also receives the operating status signal of the purging assembly and marks the pressure signal within the same acquisition time window according to the operating status signal. Specifically, when the purging assembly is turned on, the data acquisition unit 6 adds a purging status mark to the pressure signal within the current acquisition time window; when the purging assembly is turned off, the data acquisition unit 6 adds a normal measurement status mark to the pressure signal within the current acquisition time window. By synchronously recording the operating status of the purging assembly and applying corresponding status marks to the pressure signal during the data acquisition phase, subsequent data processing can distinguish the pressure signal under purging conditions from the pressure signal under normal measurement conditions based on the mark. This avoids misjudging pressure fluctuations caused by purging actions as actual pressure changes inside the fluidized bed reactor 7, which is beneficial for improving the effectiveness of the measurement data and the accuracy of subsequent status judgments.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Reference Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure measuring device. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the specific construction of the air outlet structure 14. Specifically, the air outlet structure 14 in this embodiment includes multiple discrete air outlets, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure tapping component 1. The discrete air outlets are elongated holes with a roughly arc-shaped cross-section, meaning that each air outlet is an arc-shaped hole extending circumferentially on the end face of the pressure tapping component 1. The multiple arc-shaped air outlets are evenly arranged circumferentially, so that after the protective gas is discharged simultaneously from each arc-shaped air outlet, multiple airflows are formed at intervals along the circumferential direction around the pressure tapping inlet 111. These airflows together constitute a local air curtain surrounding the pressure tapping inlet 111, which can also suppress the movement of particulate matter into the pressure tapping inlet 111. Adjacent arc-shaped air outlets are separated by solid walls to maintain the overall strength of the air outlet structure 14. This embodiment achieves the circumferential distribution of protective gas at the pressure tapping inlet 111 through multiple discrete arc-shaped vent holes. The number of vent holes, the circumferential distribution density, and the size of each vent hole can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual working conditions.

[0057] Of course, in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the discrete vents can also be set to a rectangular or other elongated shape.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] Reference Figure 5As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure measuring device. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 lies in the specific construction of the air outlet structure 14. Specifically, the air outlet structure 14 in this embodiment includes multiple discrete air outlets, each with a roughly circular cross-sectional shape. These multiple circular discrete air outlets are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure tapping component 1, forming a distributed point-like air outlet structure surrounding the pressure tapping inlet 111. After the protective gas is transported to the air outlet end through the first protective gas channel 13, it is simultaneously discharged outward from each circular air outlet, forming an annular air curtain composed of multiple point-like jets around the pressure tapping inlet 111. This creates multi-point blocking of particulate matter around the pressure tapping inlet 111. The structure of the discrete air outlets in this embodiment is simpler, easier to manufacture, and the air volume of each outlet is more concentrated. The air curtain formed around the pressure tapping inlet 111 has a stronger local airflow velocity, which can also effectively suppress particulate matter from entering the pressure tapping inner tube 11 through the pressure tapping inlet 111.

[0060] Furthermore, by controlling the orifice direction of the discrete air outlets in this embodiment, a spiral protective airflow can be formed. Specifically, the orifice axis of each discrete air outlet is deflected at a certain angle relative to the radial direction of the pressure tapping component 1, that is, the outlet direction of each air outlet has a tangential component along the circumference of the pressure tapping component 1. When the protective gas is discharged from each circular air outlet, since the orifice direction is tilted relative to the radial direction, the discharged airflow has both radial and circumferential components around the pressure tapping inlet 111, causing the airflow discharged from each air outlet to converge circumferentially around the pressure tapping inlet 111, forming a rotating airflow centered on the axis of the pressure tapping component 1. This rotating airflow, i.e., the spiral protective airflow, continuously rotates circumferentially around the pressure tapping inlet 111, which can increase the coverage area and uniformity of the air curtain over the pressure tapping inlet 111. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating airflow helps to throw particles away from the pressure tapping inlet 111 area, improving the particle blocking effect and anti-clogging reliability of the air curtain.

[0061] Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the circular discrete air outlet is relatively small, in order to ensure the air outlet velocity of the discrete air outlet, the pressure in the first protective air channel 13 and the second protective air channel 23 can be appropriately increased.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure measuring device. The difference between the pressure measuring device of this embodiment and that of Embodiment 1 is that the protective gas delivery channel of this embodiment adopts a double-layer design. Specifically, the pressure tapping outer tube 12 of the present invention includes an inner pressure tapping outer tube 121 and an outer pressure tapping outer tube 122. The outer pressure tapping outer tube 122 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the inner pressure tapping outer tube 121, and there is a gap between the two. The first protective gas channel 13 includes a first inner protective gas channel 131 and a first outer protective gas channel 132. The first outer protective gas channel 132 is located on the outer periphery of the first inner protective gas channel 131. The first inner protective gas channel 131 is formed between the pressure tapping inner tube 11 and the inner pressure tapping outer tube 121, and the first outer protective gas channel 132 is formed between the inner pressure tapping outer tube 121 and the outer pressure tapping outer tube 122.

[0064] The pressure-conducting outer tube 22 includes an inner pressure-conducting outer tube 221 and an outer pressure-conducting outer tube 222. The outer pressure-conducting outer tube 222 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the inner pressure-conducting outer tube 221, and there is a gap between the two. The second protective gas channel 23 includes a second inner protective gas channel 231 and a second outer protective gas channel 232. The second inner protective gas channel 231 is formed between the pressure-conducting inner tube 21 and the inner pressure-conducting outer tube 221, and is interconnected with the first inner protective gas channel 131. The second outer protective gas channel 232 is formed between the inner pressure-conducting outer tube 221 and the outer pressure-conducting outer tube 222, and is interconnected with the first outer protective gas channel 132. The air outlet structure 14 includes an inner air outlet structure 141 that cooperates with the first inner protective air channel 131, and an outer air outlet structure 142 that cooperates with the first outer protective air channel 132. The cross-sectional shapes of the inner air outlet structure 141 and the outer air outlet structure 142 may be the same or different.

[0065] In this embodiment, the protective gas delivery channel is configured with two independent inner and outer layers. These two layers work together to form a double-layered or composite air curtain, thereby creating multiple layers of protection around the pressure tapping inlet 111 and further enhancing the ability to block particulate matter. The inner and outer layers can be supplied by the same protective gas source 3, meaning the same gas source supplies protective gas to both the inner and outer layers, and each layer's gas flow rate is independently controlled by its respective flow regulating device to adapt to different protection requirements under different operating conditions. Alternatively, different protective gas sources 3 can be used to supply gas independently.

[0066] Alternatively, the outer channel can also be used as a backup channel. When the inner channel is working normally, the outer channel can be closed or in a low-flow state. When the inner channel malfunctions or the protective gas flow needs to be increased, the outer channel can be activated to supplement the gas supply, thereby improving the operational reliability of the system without interrupting the pressure measurement process.

[0067] Furthermore, when the two protective gas delivery channels are activated, the total flow rate of the protective gas in the two protective gas delivery channels should usually be controlled between 0.3 and 0.5 NL / min.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] One embodiment of the present invention provides a high-temperature fluidized bed, which includes a pressure measuring device and a fluidized bed reactor 7 as described in any of the above embodiments. The fluidized bed reactor 7 includes a pressure tap, and the pressure measuring device is configured at the pressure tap.

[0070] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this disclosure is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this disclosure can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this disclosure. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0071] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pressure measuring device for detecting the internal pressure of a fluidized bed reactor, the fluidized bed reactor including a pressure tap, characterized in that, The pressure measuring device includes: A pressure tapping assembly is used to install on the pressure tapping port. The pressure tapping assembly includes an inner pressure tapping tube and an outer pressure tapping tube sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pressure tapping tube. A first protective gas channel is formed between the inner pressure tapping tube and the outer pressure tapping tube. A pressure guiding assembly is connected to the side of the pressure tapping assembly away from the fluidized bed reactor. The pressure guiding assembly includes an inner pressure guiding tube that is connected to the inner pressure tapping tube and an outer pressure guiding tube sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pressure guiding tube. A second protective gas channel is formed between the inner pressure guiding tube and the outer pressure guiding tube, which is connected to the first protective gas channel. A protective gas supply source is connected to the second protective gas channel, and the protective gas supply source is configured to continuously supply gas to the second protective gas channel during the operation of the fluidized bed reactor, so that protective gas continuously flows out from the first protective gas channel; A cooling component is provided in conjunction with the pressure guiding component, the cooling component being used to cool a portion of the adjacent pressure guiding component; A pressure sensor is located on the side of the pressure-conducting inner tube away from the pressure-tapping assembly.

2. The pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure tapping inner tube includes a gradient section located on the side away from the pressure guiding component, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the gradient section gradually increases in the direction away from the pressure guiding component.

3. The pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective gas channel includes an air outlet structure at its outlet end, the air outlet structure including an annular air outlet or a plurality of discrete air outlets arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure tapping component.

4. The pressure measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first protective gas channel includes a first inner protective gas channel and a first outer protective gas channel located on the outer periphery of the first inner protective gas channel. The second protective gas channel includes a second inner protective gas channel connected to the first inner protective gas channel and a second outer protective gas channel located on the outer periphery of the second inner protective gas channel. The second outer protective gas channel is connected to the first outer protective gas channel. The gas outlet structure includes an inner gas outlet structure that cooperates with the first inner protective gas channel and an outer gas outlet structure that cooperates with the first outer protective gas channel.

5. The pressure measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The flow rate of the protective gas in the first protective gas passage and / or the second protective gas passage is between 0.1 and 1.0 NL / min; and / or, The gas pressure in the first and / or second protective gas channels is 0.5–5 kPa higher than the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor; and / or, The air outlet direction of the air outlet structure is at an angle to the axial direction of the pressure tapping inner tube.

6. The pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heater is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the fluidized bed reactor for heating the fluidized bed reactor, and the cooling component is located on the outer peripheral side of the heater; The pressure-conducting inner tube includes a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section. The high-temperature section passes through the heater and is located between the pressure-tapping assembly and the cooling assembly. The low-temperature section passes through the cooling assembly. The pressure sensor is located on the side of the low-temperature section away from the high-temperature section.

7. The pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor includes a static pressure sensor and a dynamic pressure sensor; and / or, The pressure tapping assembly includes a mounting portion and a stop portion arranged along its axial direction. The mounting portion is used to install into the pressure tapping port, and the stop portion is used to abut against the outer surface of the fluidized bed reactor.

8. The pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure measuring device also includes a purging assembly, which is connected to the pressure-conducting inner tube.

9. The pressure measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure measuring device further includes a data acquisition unit, which is used to acquire pressure signals from the pressure sensor. The data acquisition unit is also used to receive the working status signal of the purging assembly and to mark the status of the pressure signals within the same acquisition time window according to the working status signal.

10. A high-temperature fluidized bed, characterized in that, The high-temperature fluidized bed includes a pressure measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 and a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the fluidized bed reactor includes a pressure tap, and the pressure measuring device is configured to be located at the pressure tap.

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