Water quality pretreatment system and method at high turbidity

Abstract

This application discloses a method and system for water pretreatment under high turbidity conditions. The method involves: determining the high turbidity load state of the target water body; constructing a graded pretreatment switching chain based on the high turbidity load state, using cyclone sedimentation as the fixed first-stage pretreatment, and determining the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration, negative pressure fine filtration, and centrifugal deep separation; controlling the target water body to enter the cyclone sedimentation unit for first-stage pretreatment, and generating a water sample settling ability assessment result based on the supernatant turbidity change trend; determining whether the sample introduction requirements are met based on the assessment results and the high turbidity load state; if not, controlling the water sample to enter the corresponding subsequent pretreatment process based on the graded pretreatment switching chain; obtaining the effluent turbidity feedback result and updating the high turbidity load state, and adjusting the switching threshold of the graded pretreatment switching chain. This scheme can adaptively determine the pretreatment path under dynamic changes in high turbidity water samples, ensuring stable sample introduction by the instrument while reducing over-treatment, thereby extending the service life of the filter media.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water treatment technology, and more specifically, to a water pretreatment system and method for high turbidity water. Background Technology

[0002] Water quality monitoring of high-turbidity water bodies is widely used in river cross-section monitoring, drinking water source early warning, river discharge outlet supervision, and the operation of automatic water environment monitoring stations. Affected by factors such as rainfall erosion, upstream water flow, riverbed disturbance, algal growth, and resuspension of suspended particulate matter, water samples before entering water quality testing instruments often contain a large amount of silt, colloidal particles, suspended solids, and organic debris. These particles can cause a rapid increase in water turbidity and lead to sedimentation stratification, particle aggregation, pipeline adhesion, and filter clogging within a short period of time, thereby affecting the sample introduction stability and continuous detection of subsequent testing instruments.

[0003] Current methods for pretreating high-turbidity water samples include settling, filtration, vacuum filtration, and centrifugation. Settling relies primarily on the gravity of the particles to achieve solid-liquid separation, is simple in structure, and can preserve the representativeness of the water sample. However, when the proportion of fine particles, colloidal particles, or light suspended solids in the water sample is high, the settling speed is slow, making it difficult to meet the sampling requirements within the allowable time for online monitoring. Filtration and vacuum filtration can further retain particulate matter, but under high sediment load conditions, problems such as filter screen clogging, filter membrane fouling, and frequent maintenance are likely to occur. Although centrifugation can improve the efficiency of particulate matter separation, if centrifugation is directly used when the water sample can meet the sampling requirements through settling, it may lead to increased processing energy consumption and change the original distribution of some particles in the water sample, affecting the representativeness of the water sample.

[0004] Therefore, in actual high-turbidity water quality monitoring, a single, fixed pretreatment process is difficult to adapt to the continuously fluctuating turbidity load of water samples. When the turbidity load of the water sample is low, overtreatment will reduce the representativeness of the water sample and increase the burden on the equipment; when the turbidity load of the water sample is high, insufficient treatment will lead to unstable sample introduction, pipeline blockage, or instrument shutdown for protection. Especially when the particulate matter composition and sedimentation behavior of high-turbidity water bodies change over time, existing pretreatment methods lack continuous judgment on the current turbidity load and settling ability of the water sample, making it difficult to adjust the switching conditions between sedimentation, filtration, vacuum filtration, and centrifugation in a timely manner based on the turbidity feedback after treatment. Therefore, how to adaptively determine the pretreatment path based on the actual turbidity load and sedimentation effect of the water sample under dynamic changes in high-turbidity water samples, so as to reduce overtreatment while ensuring stable sample introduction by the instrument, has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a water pretreatment method and system under high turbidity conditions, which can adaptively determine the pretreatment path based on the actual turbidity load and sedimentation effect of the water sample under dynamic changes in high turbidity conditions, so as to reduce over-treatment while ensuring stable sample introduction by the instrument.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for pretreating water under high turbidity conditions, comprising the following steps: Acquire turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body, and determine the high turbidity load state of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter state data; A graded pretreatment switching chain is constructed based on the high turbidity load state. The graded pretreatment switching chain uses cyclone sedimentation as a fixed and non-adjustable first-level pretreatment to determine the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment and centrifugal deep separation. The target water body is controlled to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and the water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. Based on the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load condition, determine whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements; If the sampling requirements are met, the pretreated water sample is output; if the sampling requirements are not met, the water sample is controlled to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation deep separation. Obtain the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment, update the high turbidity load state according to the water sample turbidity feedback result, and then adjust the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

[0007] In some embodiments, acquiring turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body, and determining the high turbidity load state of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter state data specifically includes: Turbidity monitoring data were obtained by collecting raw water turbidity, pre-sedimentation supernatant turbidity, and water sample turbidity in the sampling pipeline of the target water body according to the predetermined sampling cycle. Data on suspended solids concentration, particle size distribution, and sedimentation interface changes in the target water body are collected to obtain particulate matter state data; The dominant particulate matter type of the target water body is determined based on the particle size distribution and sedimentation interface change data. The dominant particulate matter type includes coarse-grained sediment, fine-grained suspended matter, and mixed particulate matter. The high turbidity load state of the target water body is determined based on the turbidity of the raw water, the turbidity of the pre-sedimentation supernatant, the turbidity of the water sample in the sampling pipeline, and the dominant particulate matter type. The high turbidity load state includes the turbidity load level and the dominant particulate matter type.

[0008] In some embodiments, constructing a graded pretreatment switching chain based on the high turbidity load state specifically includes: Establish a list of pretreatment units corresponding to positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugal deep separation; Configure influent conditions, effluent conditions, and switching conditions for each pretreatment unit in the pretreatment unit list; The pretreatment starting unit is determined based on the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state. The subsequent pretreatment units are determined based on the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state. The hierarchical pretreatment switching chain is generated according to the first-level pretreatment of cyclone sedimentation, the pretreatment starting unit, the pretreatment subsequent unit, and the switching conditions corresponding to each pretreatment unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the target water body is controlled to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and the water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the trend of turbidity change in the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. Specifically, this includes: The target water body is controlled to enter the vortex settling chamber along the tangential water inlet channel of the vortex settling unit, so that the target water body forms a vortex settling flow field in the vortex settling chamber; The turbidity of the supernatant at different liquid levels in the cyclone settling chamber was collected at predetermined time intervals to obtain the supernatant turbidity sequence. Identify the rate of turbidity decrease and the stable turbidity range of the supernatant based on the supernatant turbidity sequence; The water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the rate of turbidity decrease of the supernatant and the stable range of supernatant turbidity. The water sample settling ability assessment results include the settling ability compliance state, the prolonged settling state, and the insufficient settling state.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements based on the water sample settlingability assessment results and the high turbidity load state specifically includes: Read the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state, and retrieve the corresponding instrument injection turbidity limit and allowable sedimentation time according to the turbidity load level; Read the water sample's settling ability assessment results, including whether it meets the settling standard, has prolonged settling, or has insufficient settling. When the water sample settling ability assessment result is that it is settling compliant and the turbidity of the water sample after primary pretreatment is not higher than the instrument's turbidity limit, the water sample after primary pretreatment is deemed to meet the injection requirements; when the water sample settling ability assessment result is that it is in a prolonged settling state and the current settling time has not reached the allowable settling time, the water sample after primary pretreatment is deemed not to meet the injection requirements and vortex settling continues. When the water sample settling ability assessment result is insufficient settling, or when the turbidity of the water sample after primary pretreatment is still higher than the instrument's turbidity limit after the current settling time reaches the allowable settling time, the water sample after primary pretreatment is determined to not meet the sampling requirements.

[0011] In some embodiments, if the sample injection requirements are not met, the water sample is controlled to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation for deep separation: Read the switching conditions in the graded preprocessing switching chain that correspond to the current high turbidity load state; When the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state is coarse silt, the water sample is controlled to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, and whether to enter the negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment is determined according to the turbidity of the effluent after the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment. When the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state is fine particulate suspended matter and the turbidity load level is higher than the preset threshold, the water sample is controlled to enter the centrifugation depth separation, and the turbidity of the supernatant after centrifugation depth separation is used to determine whether to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment. When the dominant particulate matter type in the high turbidity load state is fine particulate suspended matter and the turbidity load level is not higher than the preset threshold, the water sample is controlled to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment and the negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment in sequence. When the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state is mixed particulate matter dominant type, the water sample is controlled to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment and the negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment in sequence. If the turbidity of the effluent still does not meet the requirements, it will enter the centrifugation for deep separation. The pretreatment process status is generated based on the filtration pressure difference, filtration flux, and centrifugal effluent turbidity, and the pretreatment process status is used as the basis for determining the next switch of the staged pretreatment switching chain.

[0012] In some embodiments, obtaining the turbidity feedback result of the pretreated water sample and updating the high turbidity load state based on the water sample turbidity feedback result, thereby adjusting the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain, specifically includes: The turbidity of the effluent after pretreatment, the turbidity of the return water in the sampling pipeline, and the turbidity of the water sample at the instrument inlet are collected to obtain the water sample turbidity feedback result. Based on the water sample turbidity feedback results, identify the turbidity recovery status after pretreatment and the turbidity stability status at the inlet. When a state of turbidity rebound after pretreatment is detected, the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state is kept unchanged, and the switching turbidity threshold of the corresponding pretreatment unit is lowered. When a stable turbidity state is detected at the injection port, the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state is maintained, and the current switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain is retained. The switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain is reset based on the updated high turbidity load status.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a water pretreatment system for high turbidity water, comprising: The status determination module is used to acquire turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter status data of the target water body, and determine the high turbidity load status of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter status data. The switching construction module is used to construct a graded pretreatment switching chain according to the high turbidity load state. The graded pretreatment switching chain uses cyclone sedimentation as a fixed and unadjustable first-level pretreatment and is used to determine the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment and centrifugal deep separation. The pretreatment control module is used to control the target water body to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and to generate water sample settling assessment results based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. The pretreatment control module is also used to determine whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements based on the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load state. The pretreatment control module is also used to output the pretreated water sample when the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements, and to control the water sample to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain when the water sample after primary pretreatment does not meet the sampling requirements: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugal deep separation. The pretreatment control module is also used to obtain the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment, and update the high turbidity load state according to the water sample turbidity feedback result, thereby adjusting the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device, the computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing code, and the processor being configured to acquire the code and execute the above-described high-turbidity water pretreatment method.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions.

[0016] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments disclosed in this application have the following beneficial effects: This application does not follow a fixed procedure to treat high-turbidity water samples by sedimentation, filtration, vacuum filtration or centrifugation. Instead, it first uses turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data to determine the current high-turbidity load state of the water sample, so that the pretreatment process can distinguish between different turbidity load levels and different dominant particulate matter types. Furthermore, by constructing a graded pretreatment switching chain under high turbidity load conditions, cyclone sedimentation is clearly defined as a fixed and unadjustable primary pretreatment. This provides a unified state basis for the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugal deep separation. The water sample settling capability assessment result is generated by observing the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during cyclone sedimentation. This allows for the determination of whether the water sample still has settling value, avoiding waiting when settling is insufficient and avoiding unnecessary enhanced pretreatment when the water sample already meets the injection requirements. Finally, the high turbidity load state is updated through water sample turbidity feedback results, allowing the graded pretreatment switching chain to continue adjusting according to the state of the treated water sample. This forms a closed-loop control process of state identification, process switching, settling assessment, path selection, and feedback updates. In other words, the technical solution of this application can adaptively determine the pretreatment path based on the actual turbidity load and settling effect of the water sample under dynamic conditions of high turbidity, ensuring stable sample injection while reducing over-treatment, significantly extending the filter media's lifespan, and reducing equipment maintenance frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Figure 1 This is an exemplary flowchart of a water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining a high turbidity load state according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction and switching process of a hierarchical preprocessing switching chain according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a high-turbidity water pretreatment system according to some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the technical solutions of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and technical features described in this application can be combined with each other. The following embodiments are used to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute an undue limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] This application provides a method and system for pretreatment of water under high turbidity conditions, mainly to address the problem that a fixed pretreatment process is insufficient to balance sample introduction stability and sample representativeness when high-turbidity water samples are subjected to dynamic changes in turbidity load. This problem arises because silt, fine suspended solids, colloidal particles, and organic debris in high-turbidity water samples exhibit different sedimentation and separation behaviors. Coarse silt is more easily removed by cyclone sedimentation and filtration; fine suspended solids settle slowly and tend to maintain high turbidity within the allowable monitoring time; mixed particles may exhibit different separation states during sedimentation, filtration, and centrifugation. Therefore, using only fixed sedimentation times, fixed filtration paths, or fixed centrifugation methods can easily lead to the following problems: firstly, the water sample is not adequately treated before entering the testing instrument, resulting in pipeline blockage or sample introduction fluctuations; secondly, continuing to perform strong pretreatment on water samples that already meet the sample introduction requirements increases the equipment load and weakens the representativeness of the water sample.

[0021] For the reasons mentioned above, this application does not simply add a pretreatment device, nor does it connect sedimentation, filtration, vacuum filtration, and centrifugation in series. Instead, it first identifies the current high turbidity load state of the water sample, and then constructs a graded pretreatment switching chain based on the high turbidity load state. During the cyclone sedimentation process, the water sample settling ability assessment results are continuously generated, and the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load state are used together to determine whether the sample injection requirements are met. If the sample injection requirements are not met, the process switches to positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation for deep separation according to the graded pretreatment switching chain. Finally, the high turbidity load state is updated through the water sample turbidity feedback results, so that the graded pretreatment switching chain can be adjusted according to changes in the water sample state.

[0022] refer to Figure 1 This figure is an exemplary flow chart of a water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to some embodiments of this application. The method may include the following steps: In step 101, turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body are acquired, and the high turbidity load state of the target water body is determined based on the turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data.

[0023] This step is the foundation for subsequent process switching. Whether a high-turbidity water sample can meet the sampling requirements through sedimentation depends not only on the current turbidity value, but also on the particle size distribution, suspension stability, and sedimentation interface changes of the particulate matter. If only the raw water turbidity is used as the basis for judgment, it is easy to mix water samples with high turbidity but coarse particles that can settle quickly with water samples with medium turbidity but a high proportion of fine particles that are difficult to settle. Therefore, this application simultaneously obtains turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data, and uses both to determine the high turbidity load state.

[0024] The turbidity monitoring data may include raw water turbidity, pre-sedimentation supernatant turbidity, and water sample turbidity in the sampling pipeline. Raw water turbidity is used to characterize the initial turbidity pressure before entering the pretreatment system; pre-sedimentation supernatant turbidity is used to characterize the degree of clarification of the water sample after preliminary settling or swirling sedimentation; and water sample turbidity in the sampling pipeline is used to reflect whether particulate matter resuspension or turbidity rebound occurs during the pipeline transportation of the water sample.

[0025] In addition, the particulate matter state data in this application may include suspended solids concentration, particle size distribution, and sedimentation interface change data. Suspended solids concentration reflects the total particulate matter load; particle size distribution distinguishes between coarse silt, fine suspended solids, and mixed particulate matter; and sedimentation interface change data determines whether particulate matter has formed a stable sedimentation layer. Using the data obtained above, the high turbidity load state of the target water body can be determined as a state result including turbidity load level and dominant particulate matter type.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 This figure is a schematic diagram of the process for determining a high turbidity load state according to some embodiments of this application. Specifically, the turbidity of the raw water, the turbidity of the pre-sedimentation supernatant, and the turbidity of the water sample in the sampling pipeline can be collected according to a predetermined sampling cycle to obtain turbidity monitoring data; simultaneously, data on suspended solids concentration, particle size distribution, and sedimentation interface changes are collected to obtain particulate matter state data; subsequently, the dominant type of particulate matter is determined based on the particle size distribution and sedimentation interface change data; finally, the high turbidity load state of the target water body is determined based on the raw water turbidity, the turbidity of the pre-sedimentation supernatant, the turbidity of the water sample in the sampling pipeline, and the dominant type of particulate matter. Specifically, the high turbidity load state is a comprehensive state of turbidity load level + dominant type of particulate matter, the core of which is to simultaneously reflect the turbidity pressure of the water sample and the difficulty of particulate matter separation. Specifically, it can be determined in the following way: First... By analyzing particle size distribution and sedimentation interface change data, the dominant particulate matter type (i.e., coarse sediment / fine suspended solids / mixed particulate matter) can be determined in advance, clarifying the inherent separation characteristics of different particulate matter. Then, the turbidity load level (e.g., low / medium / high / extremely high) is comprehensively classified by combining three types of turbidity data. The raw water turbidity reflects the initial total turbidity load before entering the pretreatment system, the pre-sedimentation supernatant turbidity reflects the natural sedimentation potential and preliminary clarification effect of the water sample, and the water sample turbidity in the sampling pipeline reflects whether particulate matter resuspension or turbidity rebound occurs during the water sample transportation process. Finally, the turbidity load level is bound to the dominant particulate matter type to obtain the complete high turbidity load state, providing a core basis for the construction of the subsequent graded pretreatment switching chain.

[0027] In this way, the high turbidity load state in this application is not just a simple turbidity level, but a comprehensive state that simultaneously expresses the turbidity pressure of the water sample and the difficulty of particulate matter separation. The subsequent graded pretreatment switching chain can call this high turbidity load state, thereby avoiding the pretreatment path being controlled by only a single turbidity threshold.

[0028] In step 102, a graded pretreatment switching chain is constructed based on the high turbidity load state. The graded pretreatment switching chain uses cyclone sedimentation as a fixed and non-adjustable first-level pretreatment to determine the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugal deep separation.

[0029] The core of this step lies in transforming the fixed series relationship of different pretreatment units into a process switching relationship that can be changed according to the state of the water sample. Swirl sedimentation relies on gravity settling and centrifugal force to achieve initial separation, with a separation speed much faster than static sedimentation. It is suitable for rapidly reducing the large particle load in high-silt water samples and has less impact on the representativeness of the water sample than direct centrifugation. Therefore, it must be the first step in all pretreatment processes, and the order cannot be changed. Positive pressure coarse filtration is used to remove larger suspended solids, such as 10-50 μm. Negative pressure fine filtration is used for deeper particle removal for testing items with higher sample requirements, removing colloidal particles, such as those smaller than 1 μm. Centrifugation is used to accelerate the solid-liquid separation of fine suspended solids and difficult-to-settle particles, and is only used under high fine particle load conditions. If these pretreatment units always operate in a fixed order, they cannot adapt to changes in the turbidity load and the dominant particle type of the water sample.

[0030] In some embodiments, a list of pretreatment units corresponding to positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugal deep separation can be established first; then, influent conditions, effluent conditions, and switching conditions can be configured for each pretreatment unit; subsequently, the pretreatment starting unit can be determined according to the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state, and the pretreatment subsequent unit can be determined according to the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state; finally, the graded pretreatment switching chain can be generated according to the cyclone sedimentation primary pretreatment, the pretreatment starting unit, the pretreatment subsequent unit, and the switching conditions corresponding to each pretreatment unit.

[0031] refer to Figure 3This figure is a schematic diagram of the construction and switching process of a graded pretreatment switching chain according to some embodiments of this application. For water samples dominated by coarse particles and sediment, the graded pretreatment switching chain can prioritize positive pressure coarse filtration as a pre-treatment, because coarse particles and sediment tend to settle rapidly in the cyclone settling unit, and subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration is mainly used to remove residual particles. For water samples dominated by fine suspended matter and with a turbidity load level higher than a preset threshold (e.g., turbidity > 800 NTU and fine particle percentage > 90%), the graded pretreatment switching chain uses centrifugation depth separation as the first subsequent pretreatment unit after cyclone settling. This is because direct filtration at this stage would cause the filter membrane to clog within minutes. Centrifugation removes, for example, more than 80% of the fine particles, and then positive pressure coarse filtration removes residual particles, extending the filter membrane's lifespan. For water samples dominated by mixed particulate matter, the graded pretreatment switching chain can first reduce the coarse particle load through positive pressure coarse filtration, then stabilize the effluent turbidity through negative pressure fine filtration. Only when the effluent turbidity still does it enter the centrifugation depth separation stage.

[0032] Therefore, the graded pretreatment switching chain in this application is not an abstract control chain, but a pretreatment unit start-up, shutdown and switching relationship driven by the high turbidity load state. The existence of this graded pretreatment switching chain in this application provides a clear basis for each subsequent process switch.

[0033] In step 103, the target water body is controlled to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and the water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the trend of turbidity change of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process.

[0034] This application uses vortex sedimentation as a primary pretreatment because high-turbidity water samples typically require a reduction in the load of large and settleable particles before entering the testing instrument. The vortex sedimentation unit creates a vortex sedimentation flow field within the sedimentation chamber, causing particles to migrate spatially under the influence of the vortex flow field and gravity. Larger particles are more likely to aggregate in the sedimentation zone, resulting in a decrease in turbidity in the supernatant over time. Compared to simple static sedimentation, vortex sedimentation is more suitable for the preliminary treatment of high-silt water samples; compared to direct centrifugation, vortex sedimentation causes less disturbance to the water sample, making it more suitable as a pre-treatment step to determine whether further enhanced treatment is necessary.

[0035] In practice, the target water body can be controlled to enter the vortex settling chamber along the tangential inlet channel of the vortex settling unit, so that the target water body forms a vortex settling flow field in the vortex settling chamber; the turbidity of the supernatant at different liquid levels in the vortex settling chamber is collected at predetermined time intervals to obtain the supernatant turbidity sequence; the supernatant turbidity decrease rate and the supernatant turbidity stability interval are identified based on the supernatant turbidity sequence; and the water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the supernatant turbidity decrease rate and the supernatant turbidity stability interval.

[0036] The results of water sample settling ability assessment can include settling compliance status, prolonged settling status, and insufficient settling status. Settling compliance status indicates that the turbidity of the supernatant decreases rapidly and meets the sampling requirements; prolonged settling status indicates that the turbidity of the supernatant is still decreasing, but has not yet met the sampling requirements, and further settling observation is needed; insufficient settling status indicates that the turbidity of the supernatant decreases slowly or remains higher than the sampling requirements even after entering the stable range, requiring subsequent enhanced pretreatment.

[0037] It is important to emphasize that this application does not treat sedimentation as a fixed-time mechanical step, but rather judges whether sedimentation still has value by observing the trend of supernatant turbidity changes. When sedimentation is still effective, it avoids immediately initiating enhanced pretreatment, thus reducing unnecessary energy consumption and filter membrane consumption. When sedimentation is insufficient, timely switching to positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation for deep separation can prevent prolonged water sample retention that could lead to lag in online monitoring.

[0038] In step 104, the water sample after primary pretreatment is judged to meet the sampling requirements based on the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load status.

[0039] This step is a crucial decision-making point between primary pretreatment and subsequent process switching. Relying solely on the water sample settling ability assessment results may not reflect the differences in sample introduction conditions caused by different testing instruments or water sample states; conversely, relying solely on high turbidity loading conditions may not reflect the actual treatment results after vortex settling. Therefore, this application simultaneously utilizes both the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity loading conditions for judgment, ensuring that the judgment process reflects both the initial water sample load and the actual changes after primary pretreatment.

[0040] In some embodiments, the turbidity load level in a high turbidity load state can be read, and the corresponding instrument injection turbidity limit and allowable settling time can be retrieved according to the turbidity load level; the settling compliance state, extended settling state, or insufficient settling state in the water sample settlingability assessment result can be read; when the water sample settlingability assessment result is settling compliance state, and the turbidity of the water sample after primary pretreatment is not higher than the instrument injection turbidity limit, the water sample after primary pretreatment is determined to meet the injection requirements; when the water sample settlingability assessment result is extended settling state, and the current settling time has not reached the allowable settling time, the water sample after primary pretreatment is determined to temporarily not meet the injection requirements and vortex settling continues; when the water sample settlingability assessment result is insufficient settling state, or the turbidity of the water sample after primary pretreatment is still higher than the instrument injection turbidity limit after the current settling time reaches the allowable settling time, the water sample after primary pretreatment is determined to not meet the injection requirements.

[0041] It should be noted that if particulate matter in a high-turbidity water sample can effectively settle through vortex sedimentation, the turbidity of the supernatant will continue to decrease and eventually meet the injection requirements. However, if the particulate matter is mainly composed of fine suspended solids or colloidal particles, the rate of turbidity decrease in the supernatant will be slower, and the sedimentation stability range may still be higher than the instrument's injection turbidity limit. In this case, the technical value of continuing sedimentation decreases, and the process should be switched to subsequent pretreatment. Therefore, this application can avoid insufficient treatment or excessive waiting caused by a fixed sedimentation time.

[0042] In step 105, if the sampling requirements are met, the pretreated water sample is output; if the sampling requirements are not met, the water sample is controlled to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation deep separation.

[0043] When the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the injection requirements, it can be directly output, avoiding unnecessary subsequent processing. For water samples that have reached the instrument's injection turbidity limit, further filtration, vacuum filtration, or centrifugation, while potentially reducing turbidity, may also increase changes in particulate matter distribution, filter media consumption, and system maintenance burden. Therefore, this application directly outputs the pretreated water sample when the injection requirements are met, thus fulfilling the pretreatment principle of stopping treatment only when sufficient is required.

[0044] When a water sample after primary pretreatment does not meet the sampling requirements, this application does not fix it to a specific pretreatment unit. Instead, it reads the switching conditions corresponding to the current high turbidity load state in the staged pretreatment switching chain. For water samples dominated by coarse particles and sediment, the sample can be controlled to enter positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, and the turbidity of the effluent after positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment determines whether to enter negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment. For water samples dominated by fine particles and suspended solids with a turbidity load level higher than a preset threshold, the sample is controlled to enter centrifugation for deep separation after cyclone sedimentation, and the turbidity of the supernatant after centrifugation determines whether to enter positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment. For water samples dominated by fine particles and suspended solids with a turbidity load level not higher than a preset threshold, the sample can be controlled to enter positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment and negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment sequentially. For water samples dominated by mixed particulate matter, the sample can be controlled to enter positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment and negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment sequentially. If the effluent turbidity still does not meet the requirements, it enters centrifugation for deep separation.

[0045] During pretreatment, the pretreatment process status can be generated based on filtration differential pressure, filtration flux, and centrifugal effluent turbidity. This status serves as the basis for determining the next switch in the staged pretreatment switching chain. An increase in filtration differential pressure typically indicates an increased particulate matter load on the filter surface, potentially requiring backwashing or a switch in the pretreatment path. A decrease in filtration flux usually indicates increased membrane fouling, potentially requiring adjustment of the filtration switching threshold or reduction of unnecessary filtration. Centrifugal effluent turbidity reflects the degree of separation of fine particulate matter by centrifugal depth separation. These pretreatment process statuses further support the dynamic switching of the staged pretreatment switching chain.

[0046] Through this step, this application changes the relationship between sedimentation, positive pressure coarse filtration, negative pressure fine filtration, and centrifugal deep separation from a fixed process to a dynamic selection process based on the water sample state and treatment results. That is, when the turbidity load of the water sample is low, over-treatment is reduced; when the turbidity load of the water sample is high, pretreatment is enhanced in a timely manner; and when the dominant type of particulate matter in the water sample changes, the separation mode is switched in a timely manner.

[0047] In step 106, the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment is obtained, and the high turbidity load state is updated according to the turbidity feedback result, thereby adjusting the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

[0048] In practice, the turbidity load of high-turbidity water bodies may vary with rainfall, upstream inflow, riverbed disturbance, and the condition of sampling pipelines. Even if a certain pretreatment path can meet the sampling requirements in the previous period, it may no longer be suitable in the later period due to increased particulate matter concentration or finer particulate matter size. Therefore, if the pretreatment system operates only based on the initial settings, the problem of undertreatment or overtreatment may still reappear. This application updates the high turbidity load status through water sample turbidity feedback results, enabling the staged pretreatment switching chain to continuously adapt to changes in water samples.

[0049] In some embodiments, the turbidity of the effluent after pretreatment, the turbidity of the return water from the sampling pipeline, and the turbidity of the water sample at the instrument inlet can be collected to obtain the water sample turbidity feedback result; based on the water sample turbidity feedback result, the turbidity recovery state after pretreatment and the turbidity stability state at the inlet can be identified; when the turbidity recovery state after pretreatment is identified, the high turbidity load level is maintained unchanged, the switching turbidity threshold of the corresponding pretreatment unit is lowered, and the pretreatment intensity is increased; when the turbidity stability state at the inlet is identified, the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state is maintained, and the current switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain is retained; finally, the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain is reset according to the updated high turbidity load state.

[0050] The post-pretreatment turbidity rebound can reflect resuspension of particulate matter during pipeline transport or sample storage, or indicate insufficient adaptation of the pretreatment path to the dominant particulate matter type. Stable turbidity at the inlet indicates that the current pretreatment path can maintain stable turbidity at the instrument inlet. Based on this feedback, this application does not determine the pretreatment path all at once, but continuously adjusts the switching threshold of the staged pretreatment switching chain to ensure that subsequent water samples can still be processed according to the current actual load.

[0051] refer to Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of a high-turbidity water pretreatment system according to some embodiments of this application. The system may include a state determination module 201, a switching construction module 202, and a pretreatment control module 203.

[0052] The state determination module 201 in this application is mainly used to acquire turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body, and determine the high turbidity load state of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter state data. Specifically, the state determination module can receive raw water turbidity, pre-sedimentation supernatant turbidity, water sample turbidity in the sampling pipeline, suspended solids concentration, particle size distribution, and sedimentation interface change data, and output a high turbidity load state including turbidity load level and particulate matter dominant type. The function of this module is to identify the current pretreatment difficulty of the water sample and provide a state basis for subsequent staged pretreatment switching chains.

[0053] Furthermore, the switching construction module 202 in this application is mainly used to construct a graded pretreatment switching chain based on the high turbidity load state. The graded pretreatment switching chain uses cyclone sedimentation as a fixed and non-adjustable first-level pretreatment and is used to determine the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugal deep separation. Specifically, the switching construction module can determine the pretreatment starting unit according to the turbidity load level and the subsequent pretreatment units according to the particulate matter dominant type, thereby generating a graded pretreatment switching chain that can be invoked by the pretreatment control module.

[0054] In addition, the pretreatment control module 203 in this application is mainly used to control the target water body to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and to generate a water sample settling ability assessment result based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. In specific implementation, the pretreatment control module 203 in this application is also used to determine whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements based on the water sample settling ability assessment result and the high turbidity load state; when the sampling requirements are met, the pretreated water sample is output; when the sampling requirements are not met, the water sample is controlled to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugal deep separation.

[0055] In addition, in specific implementation, the pretreatment control module 203 in this application is also used to obtain the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment, and update the high turbidity load state according to the turbidity feedback result of the water sample, thereby adjusting the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

[0056] As can be seen from the above embodiments, this application does not use cyclone sedimentation, filtration, vacuum filtration, or centrifugation alone. Instead, it determines the pretreatment path based on the current turbidity load and particulate matter state of the water sample, and continuously updates the path through water sample settling ability assessment and turbidity feedback. That is, different particulate matter responds differently to gravity sedimentation, filter surface interception, membrane surface vacuum filtration, and centrifugation, and the particulate matter state of the same water body may change at different time periods. Therefore, only by incorporating the high turbidity load state, water sample settling ability assessment results, and water sample turbidity feedback results into the pretreatment control can a balance be achieved between sample introduction stability and water sample representativeness in the pretreatment process.

[0057] Furthermore, this application determines the initial process direction based on the high turbidity load state, obtains real-time judgment of the water sample's settling ability through vortex sedimentation, realizes dynamic switching between multiple pretreatment units through a staged pretreatment switching chain, and updates the high turbidity load state based on the water sample turbidity feedback results, ultimately forming a technical closed loop from input state to output feedback. This closed loop enables the pretreatment system to adapt to the dynamic changes of high turbidity water samples, reducing both undertreatment and overtreatment problems in fixed processes, thereby improving the sample introduction stability of water quality testing instruments and reducing unnecessary pretreatment equipment burden.

[0058] In addition, this application also provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing code, and the processor being configured to retrieve the code and execute the above-described high-turbidity water pretreatment method.

[0059] In some embodiments, the computer equipment can be installed in the control cabinet of a high-turbidity water quality online monitoring station or in a remote water quality monitoring platform. The computer equipment is communicatively connected to the turbidity sensor, particulate matter state acquisition device, cyclone sedimentation unit, positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment unit, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment unit, and centrifugal deep separation unit. The memory is used to store the high-turbidity load state determination program, the staged pretreatment switching chain construction program, the water sample settling ability assessment program, the sample injection requirement judgment program, and the water sample turbidity feedback update program.

[0060] In specific implementation, after the processor executes the code in the memory, it can acquire turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body, and determine the high turbidity load state of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter state data; construct a graded pretreatment switching chain based on the high turbidity load state; control the target water body to enter the cyclone sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and generate a water sample settling ability assessment result based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during cyclone sedimentation; determine whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements based on the water sample settling ability assessment result and the high turbidity load state; output the pretreated water sample when the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements, and output the pretreated water sample when the water sample after primary pretreatment does not meet the sampling requirements, control the water sample to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugal deep separation; acquire the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment, update the high turbidity load state based on the water sample turbidity feedback result, and then adjust the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

[0061] It should be noted that the computer equipment is not only used for data storage, but also serves as the execution platform for pretreatment closed-loop control. Since the turbidity load and particulate matter state of high-turbidity water samples continuously change with sampling time, after the processor executes the above code, it can continuously correlate the current state of the water sample, the sedimentation process state, and the post-treatment feedback state. This allows the staged pretreatment switching chain to adjust according to the actual changes in the water sample, thus providing a unified control basis for switching between positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugation deep separation.

[0062] In addition, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions.

[0063] In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, solid-state memory, disk storage medium, or other storage medium capable of storing a computer program and being read by a processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can enable the processor to perform functions such as determining high turbidity load conditions, constructing a graded pretreatment switching chain, controlling vortex settling, assessing the settlingability of water samples, determining sample introduction requirements, switching pretreatment paths, and updating water sample turbidity feedback.

[0064] By storing the above program in a computer-readable storage medium, high-turbidity water pretreatment equipment in different deployment locations can operate according to the same closed-loop control logic. That is, when the computer program is executed by the processor, it can not only complete the control of a single water sample pretreatment, but also update the high-turbidity load state based on the turbidity feedback result of the pretreated water sample, and continue to adjust the switching threshold in the staged pretreatment switching chain, so that the state identification, process switching, sedimentation assessment, path selection and feedback update processes of this application can be continuously executed at the equipment end.

Claims

1. A method for pretreatment of water under high turbidity conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body, and determine the high turbidity load state of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter state data; A graded pretreatment switching chain is constructed based on the high turbidity load state. The graded pretreatment switching chain uses cyclone sedimentation as a fixed and non-adjustable first-level pretreatment to determine the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment and centrifugal deep separation. The target water body is controlled to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and the water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. Based on the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load condition, determine whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements; If the injection requirements are met, the pretreated water sample will be output. If the sample injection requirements are not met, the water sample is controlled to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation for deep separation. Obtain the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment, update the high turbidity load state according to the water sample turbidity feedback result, and then adjust the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

2. The water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Acquiring turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter state data of the target water body, and determining the high turbidity load state of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter state data specifically includes: Turbidity monitoring data were obtained by collecting raw water turbidity, pre-sedimentation supernatant turbidity, and water sample turbidity in the sampling pipeline of the target water body according to the predetermined sampling cycle. Data on suspended solids concentration, particle size distribution, and sedimentation interface changes in the target water body are collected to obtain particulate matter state data; The dominant particulate matter type of the target water body is determined based on the particle size distribution and sedimentation interface change data. The dominant particulate matter type includes coarse-grained sediment, fine-grained suspended matter, and mixed particulate matter. The high turbidity load state of the target water body is determined based on the turbidity of the raw water, the turbidity of the pre-sedimentation supernatant, the turbidity of the water sample in the sampling pipeline, and the dominant particulate matter type. The high turbidity load state includes the turbidity load level and the dominant particulate matter type.

3. The water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for constructing a graded pretreatment switching chain based on the high turbidity load state include: Establish a list of pretreatment units corresponding to positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, and centrifugal deep separation; Configure influent conditions, effluent conditions, and switching conditions for each pretreatment unit in the pretreatment unit list; The pretreatment starting unit is determined based on the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state. The subsequent pretreatment units are determined based on the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state. The hierarchical pretreatment switching chain is generated according to the first-level pretreatment of cyclone sedimentation, the pretreatment starting unit, the pretreatment subsequent unit, and the switching conditions corresponding to each pretreatment unit.

4. The water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target water body is controlled to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and the water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. Specifically, these results include: The target water body is controlled to enter the vortex settling chamber along the tangential water inlet channel of the vortex settling unit, so that the target water body forms a vortex settling flow field in the vortex settling chamber; The turbidity of the supernatant at different liquid levels in the cyclone settling chamber was collected at predetermined time intervals to obtain the supernatant turbidity sequence. Identify the rate of turbidity decrease and the stable turbidity range of the supernatant based on the supernatant turbidity sequence; The water sample settling ability assessment results are generated based on the rate of turbidity decrease of the supernatant and the stable range of supernatant turbidity. The water sample settling ability assessment results include the settling ability compliance state, the prolonged settling state, and the insufficient settling state.

5. The water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements based on the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load condition specifically includes: Read the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state, and retrieve the corresponding instrument injection turbidity limit and allowable sedimentation time according to the turbidity load level; Read the water sample's settling ability assessment results, including whether it meets the settling standard, has prolonged settling, or has insufficient settling. When the water sample settling ability assessment result is that it is settling and meets the standard, and the turbidity of the water sample after primary pretreatment is not higher than the turbidity limit of the instrument, the water sample after primary pretreatment is deemed to meet the injection requirements. When the water sample settling ability assessment result is a prolonged settling state, and the current settling time has not reached the allowable settling time, it is determined that the water sample after primary pretreatment does not meet the sampling requirements and vortex settling continues. When the water sample settling ability assessment result is insufficient settling, or when the turbidity of the water sample after primary pretreatment is still higher than the instrument's turbidity limit after the current settling time reaches the allowable settling time, the water sample after primary pretreatment is determined to not meet the sampling requirements.

6. The water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the sample injection requirements are not met, the water sample is controlled to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugation for deep separation. Specifically, this includes: Read the switching conditions in the graded preprocessing switching chain that correspond to the current high turbidity load state; When the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state is coarse silt, the water sample is controlled to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, and whether to enter the negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment is determined according to the turbidity of the effluent after the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment. When the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state is fine particulate suspended matter and the turbidity load level is higher than the preset threshold, the water sample is controlled to enter the centrifugation depth separation, and the turbidity of the supernatant after centrifugation depth separation is used to determine whether to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment. When the dominant particulate matter type in the high turbidity load state is fine particulate suspended matter and the turbidity load level is not higher than the preset threshold, the water sample is controlled to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment and the negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment in sequence. When the particulate matter dominant type in the high turbidity load state is mixed particulate matter dominant type, the water sample is controlled to enter the positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment and the negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment in sequence. If the turbidity of the effluent still does not meet the requirements, it will enter the centrifugation for deep separation. The pretreatment process status is generated based on the filtration pressure difference, filtration flux, and centrifugal effluent turbidity, and the pretreatment process status is used as the basis for determining the next switch of the staged pretreatment switching chain.

7. The water pretreatment method under high turbidity conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the turbidity feedback result of the pretreated water sample, updating the high turbidity load state based on the turbidity feedback result, and then adjusting the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain specifically includes: The turbidity of the effluent after pretreatment, the turbidity of the return water in the sampling pipeline, and the turbidity of the water sample at the instrument inlet are collected to obtain the water sample turbidity feedback result. Based on the water sample turbidity feedback results, identify the turbidity recovery status after pretreatment and the turbidity stability status at the inlet. When a state of turbidity rebound after pretreatment is detected, the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state is kept unchanged, and the switching turbidity threshold of the corresponding pretreatment unit is lowered. When a stable turbidity state is detected at the injection port, the turbidity load level in the high turbidity load state is maintained, and the current switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain is retained. The switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain is reset based on the updated high turbidity load status.

8. A water pretreatment system for high turbidity conditions, characterized in that, include: The status determination module is used to acquire turbidity monitoring data and particulate matter status data of the target water body, and determine the high turbidity load status of the target water body based on the turbidity monitoring data and the particulate matter status data. The switching construction module is used to construct a graded pretreatment switching chain according to the high turbidity load state. The graded pretreatment switching chain uses cyclone sedimentation as a fixed and unadjustable first-level pretreatment and is used to determine the switching conditions between subsequent positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment and centrifugal deep separation. The pretreatment control module is used to control the target water body to enter the vortex sedimentation unit for primary pretreatment, and to generate water sample settling assessment results based on the turbidity change trend of the supernatant during the vortex sedimentation process. The pretreatment control module is also used to determine whether the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements based on the water sample settling ability assessment results and the high turbidity load state. The pretreatment control module is also used to output the pretreated water sample when the water sample after primary pretreatment meets the sampling requirements, and to control the water sample to enter at least one of the following pretreatment processes based on the graded pretreatment switching chain when the water sample after primary pretreatment does not meet the sampling requirements: positive pressure coarse filtration pretreatment, negative pressure fine filtration pretreatment, or centrifugal deep separation. The pretreatment control module is also used to obtain the turbidity feedback result of the water sample after pretreatment, and update the high turbidity load state according to the water sample turbidity feedback result, thereby adjusting the switching threshold in the graded pretreatment switching chain.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the water pretreatment method under high turbidity as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the water pretreatment method under high turbidity as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images