A live conductor type identification device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a live wire type identification device and method, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent detection of power equipment. The device comprises a main body shell, an upper end guide plate, a lower end guide plate, a main body slider, a displacement sensor, a ball head measuring rod, a strong magnetic block and a force sensor, etc. When identification is performed, the wire to be measured is introduced between the upper end guide plate and the lower end guide plate, and a spring self-adaptive clamping mechanism automatically clamps and positions the wire according to the outer diameter of the wire; the displacement sensor obtains the displacement of the main body slider through the ball head measuring rod, and calculates the outer diameter parameter of the wire according to the displacement; meanwhile, the magnetic attraction force between the strong magnetic block and the wire is sensed by the force sensor, and is used for judging whether the wire contains a steel core; a circuit board fuses the outer diameter of the wire and the steel core judgment result, matches the preset database, and outputs the specific wire type. The application can complete the outer diameter measurement and the steel core identification of the wire at one time under the condition that the wire is live and is not damaged, and then the wire type is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent detection technology for power equipment, and specifically to a device and method for identifying the type of live conductor. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of live-line working technology in power distribution networks, live stripping, live splicing, and bypass operations have become important means to ensure power supply reliability. Before carrying out such operations, accurately understanding the basic information of the conductor at the work site, such as its type, cross-sectional specifications, and whether it contains a steel core, is crucial for assessing the conductor's mechanical load-bearing capacity and operational safety risks. Currently, common conductors in power distribution lines include steel-cored aluminum stranded wire, aluminum stranded wire, overhead insulated conductors, and copper conductors. Different types of conductors have significantly different mechanical strengths and current-carrying capacities. Improper identification can easily lead to risks such as wire breakage and tripping during operations.

[0003] Currently, on-site identification of conductor types mainly relies on the following methods: First, consulting line records; however, due to the long operating time and multiple renovations of some lines, the record information may be incomplete, incorrect, or outdated. Second, workers rely on experience to judge by observing the conductor's appearance, strand structure, and insulation color; this method is greatly affected by personnel experience and on-site environmental factors, making it difficult to distinguish similar conductors. Third, manual measurement using calipers or measuring tapes; this method usually requires close contact or even stripping the insulation layer, making the operation complex and difficult to implement safely under energized conditions. Fourth, existing visual recognition or electromagnetic detection technologies generally have difficulties in accurately determining whether the conductor contains a steel core structure or simultaneously obtaining conductor specification and size information due to factors such as conductor surface dirt, corrosion, lighting conditions, and background interference.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a device and method that can integrate the measurement of conductor outer diameter with the determination of the presence or absence of steel core under live working conditions, thereby achieving rapid and accurate identification of conductor type, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for identifying the type of live conductor, which can complete the measurement of the outer diameter of the conductor and the identification of the steel core in one go without damaging the conductor, thereby obtaining the conductor type.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A live wire type identification device includes: a main shell, a sliding assembly, a main slider, a displacement detection assembly, a strong magnetic block, a force sensor, and a support plate. An extension plate is provided on the outside of the main shell. The sliding assembly is provided both inside the main shell and on the extension plate. The main slider includes an inner main slider, an outer main slider, and a connecting rod. The inner main slider is located at the top of the sliding assembly inside the main shell, and the outer main slider is located at the top of the sliding assembly on the extension plate of the main shell. The inner and outer main sliders are connected by the connecting rod. The strong magnetic block is located inside the outer main slider. The force sensor is located at the top of the sliding assembly on the extension plate of the main shell, corresponding to the strong magnetic block. The support plate is located on the upper outer side of the main shell, and the displacement detection assembly is located on the support plate, with its detection end extending into the interior of the main shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the live wire type identification device also includes an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate. The lower guide plate is provided at the upper end of the outer main body slider, and the upper guide plate is provided on the lower side of the support fixing plate corresponding to the lower guide plate. During identification, the wire is placed between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding assembly includes a guide post, a spring, and a movable sleeve. The guide post is provided inside the main body shell and on the extension plate. The movable sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the guide post. The spring is provided between the movable sleeve and the guide post. The inner main body slider and the outer main body slider are respectively provided on the top of the movable sleeve corresponding to the inside of the main body shell and the extension plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the force sensor is provided on the top of the movable sleeve corresponding to the extension plate, and the strong magnetic block is provided on the top of the force sensor. When the wire enters between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, the strong magnetic block and the wire form a magnetic field coupling relationship, generating a magnetic attraction force, which is detected by the force sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, a contact groove is provided on the top of the inner body slider corresponding to the displacement detection component, and the detection end of the displacement detection component is embedded inside the contact groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the displacement detection assembly includes a displacement sensor and a ball-head probe. The displacement sensor is mounted on the support plate by fixing blocks and bolts. The ball-head probe is mounted at the bottom of the displacement sensor. A contact groove is provided inside the inner main body slider corresponding to the ball-head probe. The lower end of the ball-head probe is embedded in the contact groove. When the main body slider slides up and down, it drives the ball-head probe to generate axial displacement synchronously.

[0012] Furthermore, the device also includes a battery and a circuit board. The battery is used to provide power, and the force sensor and displacement sensor are connected to the circuit board. The circuit board is used to collect signals collected by the displacement sensor and signals collected by the force sensor, and to analyze and process them.

[0013] Furthermore, a wire groove is provided on the main body shell, and the connecting rod passes through the wire groove to connect the inner main body slider and the outer main body slider respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, a universal joint is provided at the bottom of the main housing, through which the device is mounted on the insulating operating rod for identifying the type of wire without power interruption.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for identifying the type of live conductor, applied to a live conductor type identification device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that it includes: In response to the adaptive clamping of the conductor under test, the displacement sensor acquires the displacement signal generated by the different outer diameter of the conductor, and calculates the outer diameter parameter of the conductor based on the displacement signal; The magnetic attraction force generated by the wire under the action of a magnetic field is detected by using a strong magnetic block and a force sensor. The magnetic attraction force is compared with a preset threshold. If it is greater than the threshold, the wire is determined to contain a steel core; otherwise, it is determined to be without a steel core. The outer diameter parameter of the conductor and the determination result of whether it contains a steel core are used as identification features, and matched with the preset conductor model database to output the corresponding conductor model information.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: First, by combining conductor outer diameter measurement with steel core magnetic force detection, the conductor's specifications and internal steel core characteristics can be obtained simultaneously. The two are then fused and analyzed to automatically match the conductor model, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of conductor model identification on site.

[0017] Secondly, a spring-adaptive clamping mechanism is adopted, which can automatically adjust the opening and provide appropriate clamping force according to the outer diameter of different conductors. This allows the device to adapt to the testing needs of bare conductors, insulated conductors and steel-cored aluminum stranded wires of different specifications. It can complete rapid positioning without manual intervention, which helps to improve on-site operation efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the entire testing process does not require power outages, stripping of insulation layers, or damage to the conductor structure. It can be performed non-destructively while the conductor is energized, reducing operational safety risks and providing more direct technical support for high-risk operations such as live stripping and bypass cable suspension.

[0019] In addition, the device has a compact overall structure that integrates clamping, displacement detection, magnetic force detection, data processing and power supply units into one unit, making it easy to use for portability or to be operated remotely with an insulated operating rod. It is conducive to its application in complex high-altitude live-line working environments and can supplement and correct line ledger data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from a first perspective of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure Descriptions: 1. Main body shell; 2. Universal joint; 3. Battery; 4. Circuit board; 5. Upper guide plate; 6. Lower guide plate; 7. Outer main body slider; 8. Displacement sensor; 9. Fixing block; 10. Bolt; 11. Movable sleeve; 12. Spring; 13. Guide post; 14. Ball head measuring rod; 15. Strong magnet; 16. Force sensor; 17. Support fixing plate; 18. Wire groove; 19. Inner main body slider; 20. Extension plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, inside, outside, top, bottom, horizontal, vertical, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0025] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installing," "connecting," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of these terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection or communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides a schematic diagram of a live wire type identification device from multiple perspectives. The device adopts an integrated architecture design comprising a wire clamping and measuring module, a steel core detection module, a data processing module, and a power supply module. It mainly includes: a main body shell 1, a sliding assembly, a main slider, a displacement detection assembly, an upper guide plate 5, a lower guide plate 6, a strong magnetic block 15, a force sensor 16, and a support fixing plate 17. The main slider is not a single part, but rather consists of an inner main slider 19, an outer main slider 7, and a connecting rod (the connecting rod is obscured by the main body shell). Figure 1-5 (Not shown) The components are combined. The displacement detection assembly includes a displacement sensor 8 and a ball-head probe 14. The sliding assembly is the core of the device's adaptive clamping function, and it is composed of a guide post 13, a spring 12, and a movable sleeve 11. In addition, the device also includes a battery 3 that provides power to the system and a circuit board 4 for signal acquisition, processing, control, and recognition.

[0027] The main body shell 1 of the device constitutes the frame and protective housing of the entire equipment. Internally, it is designed with multiple mounting chambers and mounting bases to house the battery 3, circuit board 4, inner main body slider 19, and a set of sliding components. An extension plate 20 is integrally formed or fixedly connected to the exterior of the main body shell 1 via fasteners. This extension plate 20 extends outward to support the external sliding components and the force sensor 16 in the steel core detection module. A through-wall groove 18 is formed on the side wall of the main body shell 1. This through-wall groove 18 serves as a movement channel connecting the connecting rods of the inner and outer main body sliders, ensuring that structural interference does not occur when the inner and outer sliders undergo relative displacement.

[0028] Specifically, the sliding components are arranged in a symmetrical double-group configuration within the device to ensure the smooth movement of the slider. A guide post 13 is vertically fixed to the inner bottom surface of the main body shell 1. Similarly, another guide post 13 is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the extension plate 20 outside the main body shell 1. The axes of the two guide posts 13 remain parallel. A movable sleeve 11 is fitted with a clearance fit on the outer side of each guide post 13, allowing the movable sleeve 11 to slide freely up and down along the axial direction of the guide post 13. A spring 12 is provided between the inner cavity of the movable sleeve 11 and the top limiting surface of the guide post 13 or the mounting base surface of the main body shell 1. In this invention, the spring 12 is a cylindrical helical compression spring. When the movable sleeve 11 is subjected to downward pressure, it overcomes the elastic force of the spring 12 and moves downward; when the pressure is removed, the movable sleeve 11 is pushed back to its initial position under the elastic restoring force of the spring 12. This structure constitutes a spring-adaptive clamping assembly.

[0029] The main slider is the core transmission component connecting the wire clamping force and the sensor detection end. The inner main slider 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable sleeve 11 of the sliding assembly inside the main housing 1. The outer main slider 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable sleeve 11 of the sliding assembly on the extension plate 20 of the main housing 1. The connecting rod is located within the wire passage groove 18 of the main housing 1, with one end fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner main slider 19 and the other end fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer main slider 7. In this way, the inner and outer main sliders and the connecting rod form a rigid overall frame structure. Regardless of the direction of the force applied by the wire to the upper guide plate 5 or the lower guide plate 6 from the outside, as long as one main slider is displaced, the other main slider will move synchronously, in the same direction, and at an equal distance via the connecting rod. This linkage mechanism is the basis for enabling a single displacement sensor to accurately sense the external clamping displacement.

[0030] A lower guide plate 6 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the outer body slider 7. The upper surface of the lower guide plate 6 is machined with a bevel or a V-shaped groove. A support fixing plate 17 is provided on the upper exterior of the main body shell 1 by means of a support rib or by direct integral molding. On the lower side of the support fixing plate 17, corresponding to the position of the lower guide plate 6, an upper guide plate 5 is fixedly installed. The lower surface of the upper guide plate 5 is also machined with a bevel or a V-shaped groove, and is opposite to the guide surface of the lower guide plate 6. A wire guiding channel with an outward opening is thus formed between the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6. When performing live wire type identification, the wire to be tested is introduced and finally clamped between the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6.

[0031] The steel core detection module mainly consists of two parts: a strong magnetic block 15 and a force sensor 16. The strong magnetic block 15 is made of high-performance permanent magnet material (such as N52 neodymium iron boron magnets), which has high remanence and high coercivity, and can generate a stable and high-strength magnetic field around it. The strong magnetic block 15 is embedded and fixed in a preset groove or cavity on the top of the outer main body slider 7. The top of the movable sleeve 11 of the sliding component on the extension plate 20 of the main body shell 1, that is, the top of the movable sleeve 11 corresponding to the extension plate 20, is fixedly installed at the center position below the strong magnetic block 15. The force sensor 16 can be a strain gauge type, piezoresistive type, or capacitive type miniature force sensor, and its range and sensitivity must meet the requirements for accurate measurement of small magnetic attraction force changes. When the wire enters between the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6, the strong magnetic block 15 and the wire form a magnetic field coupling relationship. If the conductor is steel-cored aluminum stranded wire, it will generate a significant magnetic attraction force. This force is transmitted through the outer main body slider 7, movable sleeve 11 and other force transmission paths, and finally acts on the sensing surface of the force sensor 16, and is converted into an electrical signal output by the force sensor 16.

[0032] The displacement detection assembly is used to accurately acquire the displacement of the inner main body slider 19. A displacement sensor 8 is mounted on the support plate 17, secured by a fixing block 9 and bolts 10. The housing of the displacement sensor 8 is firmly fixed to the support plate 17 to prevent any shaking. An axially retractable ball-head probe 14 extends from the bottom center of the displacement sensor 8, with a smooth ball end. At the top of the inner main body slider 19, directly opposite the ball-head probe 14, an inwardly recessed hemispherical or conical contact groove is machined. The lower ball end of the ball-head probe 14 is embedded in this contact groove, forming a reliable contact fit similar to a ball joint. When the inner main body slider 19 slides vertically under the pressure of the conductor, the contact groove and the ball end cause the ball-head probe 14 to synchronously generate an axial displacement. This axial displacement is sensed by the precision components inside the displacement sensor 8 and converted into an electrical signal output.

[0033] The power supply and data processing core of the device is located inside the main casing 1. Battery 3 uses a high-energy-density rechargeable lithium battery pack to provide a stable DC power supply for displacement sensor 8, force sensor 16, and circuit board 4. Circuit board 4 is a printed circuit board integrating a microcontroller (MCU), analog-to-digital converter (ADC), signal conditioning circuitry, memory, communication interface, and power management module. The signal output terminals of force sensor 16 and displacement sensor 8 are connected to the input interface of circuit board 4 via shielded cables. The main functions of circuit board 4 include: providing excitation power to the sensors; real-time high-speed acquisition of displacement signals output by displacement sensor 8 and force signals output by force sensor 16; filtering, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion processing of the acquired analog signals; running preset algorithm programs in the microcontroller to analyze and calculate digital signals, perform threshold comparisons, and database matching operations; and finally, outputting the identified wire type information through the communication module or directly driving the display module for display.

[0034] To facilitate safe operation of this device in live-line working scenarios, a universal joint 2 is installed at the bottom center of the main housing 1. This universal joint 2 can be a standard camera gimbal ball joint, providing three degrees of freedom in pitch, roll, and rotation. Through the universal joint 2, the entire device can be quickly and easily installed onto the standard interface at the top of the insulated operating rod used for live-line working. The operator, holding the insulated operating rod on the ground, can freely adjust the spatial orientation of the device via the universal joint 2, aligning it with the overhead conductor through the cable tray 18 and guide plate, thus enabling conductor identification without power interruption.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for identifying the type of live conductor, applied to the above-mentioned live conductor type identification device, comprising: S1: Device ready and wire adaptive clamping.

[0036] Before starting the operation, the operator connects the fully charged device to the top of an insulated operating rod of appropriate voltage level and length via the universal joint 2 at its bottom, and locks it in place. The operating rod is then raised, and with the assistance of the universal joint 2, the device's orientation is adjusted so that the opening of the wire groove 18 and the guide channel formed by the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6 aligns with and covers the live wire to be identified from below or from the side.

[0037] The operator gently lifts the operating lever upwards, causing the wire to first contact the inclined surfaces of the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6. Guided by the inclined surfaces, the wire is smoothly guided into the bottom of the V-shaped groove, i.e., the precise detection position. Because the wire itself has a non-negligible cross-sectional diameter (outer diameter), during the process of being pushed into the groove bottom, the wire exerts a downward positive pressure on the lower guide plate 6; this is the "compression force generated by the outer diameter of the wire."

[0038] The compressive force is transmitted to the outer main body slider 7, which is fixedly connected to it, through the lower guide plate 6. After being subjected to force, the outer main body slider 7 overcomes the preload of the spring 12 in its lower sliding assembly and slides vertically downwards along the guide post 13. Simultaneously, through the rigid linkage of the connecting rod, the downward movement of the outer main body slider 7 is synchronously and without delay transmitted to the inner main body slider 19 inside the main body shell 1. The inner main body slider 19 also begins to slide vertically downwards along its corresponding guide post 13. The springs 12 in both the inner and outer sliding assemblies are compressed simultaneously, with the compression amount equal to the downward displacement of the main body slider.

[0039] According to Hooke's Law, the elastic restoring force generated by spring 12 is proportional to its compression. This restoring force reacts on the main slider and pushes the wire upward through the lower guide plate 6, causing the wire to be vertically clamped between the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6. This process forms a complete spring-adaptive clamping mechanism: when wires of different outer diameters enter the guide groove, they will compress the main slider downwards by different distances, and the spring will generate a matching clamping force. The larger the outer diameter of the wire, the greater the compression displacement, and the greater the clamping force of the spring. For any wire within the size range, this mechanism can automatically adjust the clamping opening and provide a stable and appropriate clamping force without any manual adjustment of the clamp size. The entire clamping process is completed automatically the moment the wire is inserted, achieving rapid guidance, stable clamping, and automatic positioning.

[0040] S2: Detection and calculation of conductor outer diameter parameters.

[0041] While the wire is clamped and positioned, the downward displacement of the inner main body slider 19 is entirely determined by the outer diameter of the wire. Since the contact groove at the top of the inner main body slider 19 engages with the ball end of the ball head probe 14 of the displacement detection assembly, the downward movement of the inner main body slider 19 will directly drive the ball head probe 14 to produce a completely synchronous axial downward displacement.

[0042] The sensitive element inside the displacement sensor 8 (such as a linear differential transformer core or a reading head of a grating ruler) precisely measures the displacement change of the ball-head measuring rod 14 and converts it into an analog voltage signal or digital signal that has a precise linear relationship with it. This displacement signal is transmitted to the circuit board 4 in real time via a cable.

[0043] The signal conditioning circuit on circuit board 4 first performs noise filtering and buffer amplification on the signal, and then converts the analog signal into a high-resolution digital quantity via an analog-to-digital converter. Subsequently, the microcontroller calls the "displacement-wire diameter" calibration model stored in non-volatile memory. This model was established before the device left the factory by using a series of standard cylindrical probes with known precise outer diameters (simulating wires of different specifications) for multiple measurements and by interpolation algorithms (such as piecewise linear interpolation or polynomial fitting). The microcontroller inputs the real-time acquired digital displacement quantity into the model, and calculates the current wire outer diameter parameter by looking up a table or formula. The entire calculation process is completed in milliseconds, realizing non-contact, non-destructive precision measurement of the wire outer diameter.

[0044] S3: Magnetic test to determine whether the conductor contains a steel core.

[0045] While the wire is mechanically clamped and its outer diameter is measured, the steel core detection module also operates simultaneously. The strong magnetic block 15 embedded inside the outer main body slider 7 creates a stable and high-intensity magnetic field in its surrounding space, especially in the wire clamping area directly above. When the wire is clamped between the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6, the wire is within the range of this strong magnetic field.

[0046] According to the principles of electromagnetism, the magnetic permeability of a material determines its behavior in a magnetic field. If the conductor under test is aluminum stranded wire (LJ series), copper wire, or insulated wire (JKLYJ series aluminum conductor) without a steel core, its conductor material is mainly aluminum or copper. These are all non-ferromagnetic or weakly ferromagnetic materials, and their relative permeability is very close to 1. In this type of conductor, the distribution of the applied magnetic field is almost undisturbed, and no significant additional magnetic attraction is generated between the conductor and the strong magnetic block 15. At this time, the force value detected by the force sensor 16 is mainly composed of the gravitational component of the outer main body slider 7, the lower guide plate 6, the strong magnetic block 15, and the force of the spring 12. This part of the force value remains basically stable in each measurement, and the system calibrates it as the "base force value".

[0047] If the conductor under test is steel-cored aluminum stranded wire (LGJ series), its internal core consists of multiple strands of galvanized steel wire. Steel is a typical ferromagnetic material with a very high relative permeability. In a strong magnetic field, the steel core will be rapidly magnetized, forming an induced magnet. The polarity of its magnetic field strongly attracts the magnetic field of the strong magnetic block 15, generating a considerable magnetic attraction. This magnetic attraction pulls the strong magnetic block 15 downwards, effectively creating an additional attractive force between the strong magnetic block 15 and the conductor.

[0048] This additional magnetic force is transmitted to the outer body slider 7 through the mounting base of the strong magnetic block 15, and then through the movable sleeve 11, ultimately superimposed on the original base force value, acting perpendicularly on the sensing surface of the force sensor 16. The force sensor 16 can sensitively capture this slight gain in force and convert it into a corresponding electrical signal. This force signal is transmitted to the circuit board 4 in real time.

[0049] Circuit board 4 performs conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the signal from force sensor 16, similar to that for displacement signals, to obtain a digital value representing the current total force. Subsequently, the microcontroller subtracts the pre-calibrated and stored "base force value" from this total force value to calculate the "net magnetic attraction force" caused by the steel core of the conductor.

[0050] Next, the microcontroller compares the calculated net magnetic attraction force with a pre-set threshold stored in memory. This threshold is an empirical value determined based on statistical data analysis after extensive testing of steel-cored aluminum stranded wires of different types, cross-sections, and pollution levels, as well as various non-steel-cored conductors. This threshold ensures a very high confidence level in distinguishing between steel-cored and non-steel-cored conductors. If the calculated net magnetic attraction force is greater than the preset threshold, the conductor is determined to contain a steel core; if the net magnetic attraction force is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined to be without a steel core. This determination is based on the inherent properties of the ferromagnetic material inside the conductor and is unaffected by surface color, dirt, aging, or insulation layer coating, resulting in extremely high accuracy.

[0051] S4: Comprehensive identification, matching, and output of wire type.

[0052] After acquiring the two key identification features, "conductor outer diameter parameters" and "whether the conductor contains a steel core," the microcontroller on circuit board 4 initiates the final model integration and matching program. A comprehensive and detailed conductor model standard database is pre-loaded into the memory of circuit board 4. Each record in this database corresponds to a specific type of conductor, and its core fields include: conductor model name (e.g., LGJ-120 / 20, JKLYJ-10-240, LJ-95, etc.), nominal cross-section, steel core cross-section (if it is steel-cored aluminum stranded wire), conductor structure, calculated outer diameter (or outer diameter range), and a flag indicating whether it contains a steel core.

[0053] The microcontroller employs a strategy combining hierarchical filtering and nearest neighbor matching for identification. First, based on the determination of whether a conductor contains a steel core, the microcontroller performs a first-level filtering on all conductor records in the database: if the determination result is "contains a steel core," only the subset "steel-cored aluminum stranded wire (LGJ series)" is retained; if the determination result is "no steel core," subsets such as "aluminum stranded wire (LJ series)," "overhead insulated conductor (JKLYJ series)," and "copper stranded wire (TJ series)" are retained. This first-level filtering significantly narrows down the range of candidate models.

[0054] Then, in the narrowed subset of candidate conductors, the microcontroller compares the "conductor outer diameter parameter" calculated from actual measurements with the "calculated outer diameter" of each conductor in that subset in the database. Considering manufacturing tolerances and minor measurement fluctuations, the comparison algorithm has a reasonable tolerance band. The algorithm finds the record in the database whose calculated outer diameter value is closest to the measured outer diameter parameter, and whose deviation is within the preset tolerance band. Because conductors with different cross-sections have specific outer diameter dimensions in conductor standards, even steel-cored aluminum stranded wires with the same total cross-section will have slight differences in outer diameter due to different steel core cross-section ratios. Therefore, the combination of "outer diameter and steel core properties" can uniquely determine or highly accurately pinpoint the conductor type.

[0055] For example, if the outer diameter of the conductor under test is measured to be 16.8 mm, and the force sensor determines that it contains a steel core, the microcontroller searches the "steel core" database and finds that the standard calculated outer diameter of the LGJ-120 / 25 conductor is 16.72 mm, which closely matches the actual measured value. However, the outer diameters of other steel core conductors deviate significantly. Therefore, the system immediately matches the conductor model as "LGJ-120 / 25".

[0056] Once the optimal result is found, circuit board 4 generates an identification conclusion, outputting the corresponding wire model information. The output method can be diversified to adapt to different field conditions. For example, an LCD screen can be installed on the device casing to directly display "Model: LGJ-120 / 25" in text form; different models can be indicated by LED indicators of different colors or flashing frequencies according to a preset coding table; or the identification result can be wirelessly transmitted to the operator's smartphone, tablet, or smart glasses via an integrated low-power Bluetooth or Wi-Fi module. The corresponding application will then display the wire model and more detailed parameter information, such as current carrying capacity and breaking strength, providing the most direct decision-making basis for subsequent live-line stripping, bypass cable suspension, and other specific operational plans. Simultaneously, the time, geographical location, and result data of this identification can be automatically stored and recorded for future work traceability or to supplement and correct the wire model ledger data in the background management system.

[0057] Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned device structure and working principle, the present invention provides several preferred structural configurations, alternative implementation methods, and specific parameter settings for specific application scenarios, to illustrate that the technical solution of the present invention has broad adaptability and adjustability.

[0058] 1. Optimization of the layout of sliding components Although the present invention describes a symmetrical double-group arrangement of the sliding components, the arrangement of the sliding components can be adaptively adjusted to account for the conductor tension, stiffness, and working space limitations of lines with different voltage levels. For example, when the device is mainly used to detect small-section, low-tension conductors, a single-spring-movable sleeve assembly can be used, placed on the central axis inside the main body shell 1, while the sliding components on the extension plate 20 serve as auxiliary stabilizing guides, thereby further simplifying the structure and reducing weight. As another example, for thick-diameter, high-tension conductors used in icy areas or long-span sections, to improve clamping stability and stiffness and prevent guide plate slippage due to excessive conductor tension, an auxiliary sliding assembly can be added to each side of the outer main body slider 7, based on the aforementioned symmetrical double-group arrangement, forming a structure with four sets of sliding components working together, multiplying the clamping force and improving resistance to eccentric loads. The spring 12 in each sliding assembly can be selected with different stiffness coefficients and free heights according to the diameter range of the target conductor. For example, for wires with a main detection diameter range of 8mm to 20mm, springs with a stiffness coefficient range of 5N / mm to 15N / mm can be selected.

[0059] 2. Selection and Alternative Solutions for Displacement Detection Components In the above description, the displacement detection component preferably uses a contact-type displacement sensor 8 in conjunction with a ball-head measuring rod 14. This is because contact measurement has the advantages of high accuracy and strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, making it very suitable for strong electromagnetic field environments such as substations and high-voltage lines. Specifically, the displacement sensor 8 can be a linear variable differential transformer type displacement sensor or a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, with a linear accuracy better than 0.1%FS and a repeatability better than 0.01mm.

[0060] However, in certain special scenarios, such as when non-contact measurement of the inner body slider 19 is required to completely eliminate mechanical wear, a laser triangulation reflective displacement sensor can be used instead of the contact displacement sensor 8. In this case, the ball-head measuring rod 14 and contact groove are unnecessary; a diffuse reflection target is simply attached to the upper surface of the inner body slider 19, and the laser displacement sensor emits a laser beam to the target. The displacement is calculated by receiving the change in the position of the reflected light spot. Alternatively, in cost-sensitive applications, a Hall effect angle sensor can be used in conjunction with a linkage mechanism to convert the linear displacement of the inner body slider 19 into a rotational angle for indirect measurement. These alternative solutions all fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0061] 3. Configuration and threshold calibration of strong magnetic blocks and force sensors The size and surface magnetic intensity of the strong magnetic block 15 can be customized according to the magnetic response characteristics of the target conductor's steel core. For conventional LGJ series steel-cored aluminum stranded wire, the steel core cross-section generally accounts for 4% to 20% of the total conductor cross-section. To ensure that a sufficiently obvious and reliably detectable magnetic attraction force is generated for all specifications of steel-cored aluminum stranded wire, the surface magnetic intensity of the strong magnetic block 15 should not be less than 0.5 Tesla, and its distance from the conductor detection position (determined by the thickness of the upper guide plate 5 and the lower guide plate 6) should be controlled within 15 mm to form a tight magnetic coupling. The force sensor 16 can be a miniature pressure sensor of the weighing sensor level, with a range of 0-2 kg or 0-5 kg, and a resolution of at least 0.01% of the range, so as to clearly distinguish the weak magnetic attraction force generated by the smallest cross-section steel core (such as the steel core with a cross-section of only 6 square millimeters in LGJ-35 / 6 conductor).

[0062] The calibration process for the judgment threshold is crucial. This invention provides a specific threshold calibration method: First, dozens of different types and specifications of wire samples, both with and without steel cores, are tested one by one using a device. Each type of wire is measured multiple times, and the stable force value output by the force sensor 16 is recorded. For the group of wires without steel cores, the average and standard deviation of their force values ​​are statistically analyzed, and their distribution range is mainly concentrated in a narrow area near the "base force value". For the group of wires with steel cores, even the wire with the smallest steel core cross-section has a net magnetic attraction force that is significantly higher than the upper limit of the force value of the non-steel core wire group. The judgment threshold is set between the maximum force value of the non-steel core wire group and the minimum net magnetic attraction force value of the steel core wire group, with a certain safety margin to ensure zero false judgment. Once this threshold is determined, it can be fixed in the program of the circuit board 4 as a universal judgment standard.

[0063] 4. Construction and updating of the conductor type database The pre-installed conductor model database in circuit board 4 is crucial for ensuring accurate identification. This database should not only include all specifications of standard conductor models stipulated in national standards, such as the LGJ, LJ, JKLYJ, and TJLJ series, but also consider older, non-standard, or enterprise-standard conductor models that have been in operation for many years. Each record in the database, in addition to including conductor model, standard outer diameter, and whether it contains a steel core, can be expanded to include rich parameters such as nominal cross-sectional area, steel core cross-sectional area, number of strands and single wires, unit weight, and rated breaking force, so as to provide operators with more comprehensive decision-making information after the model is identified.

[0064] To ensure the database's timeliness, circuit board 4 provides a data update interface. It can be connected to a computer via USB, allowing new wire type database files to be imported and updated using dedicated configuration software. Alternatively, the device's built-in wireless communication capabilities (such as Bluetooth) can be used to synchronize the latest wire type database from a cloud server via a mobile application, ensuring good adaptability to new wire types that may appear in the field.

[0065] 5. Supplementary instructions regarding the on-site operation procedures of the equipment. When performing live-line operations using the insulated operating rod and universal joint 2, there are several preferred operating procedures. Before lifting the operating rod, the operator should first visually assess or use binoculars to roughly determine the height and direction of the conductor, and estimate the required angle of the operating rod. After raising the device to the vicinity of the conductor, the operator should first gently press the back or side of the upper guide plate 5 against the conductor to determine its approximate orientation. Then, using the flexible rotation of the universal joint 2, the wire groove 18 and the guide channel opening should be aligned with the conductor. Subsequent operations are as described in S1: through a smooth upward lifting motion, the conductor is allowed to slide between the guide plates and be secured. The entire identification process can be automatically completed within 1-2 seconds after the conductor is secured, without the need to maintain a stable lifting posture for a long time, effectively reducing the operator's workload. After the test is completed, simply withdraw the operating rod diagonally downwards or to the side, and the conductor will disengage from between the guide plates, completing one test.

[0066] In summary, the live conductor type identification device and method described in the above embodiments of the present invention systematically solves the long-standing problem of the inability to quickly and accurately identify conductor types at live-line work sites through a cleverly designed spring-adaptive clamping mechanism, a high-precision displacement measurement system, a sensitive magnetic steel core detection system, and an intelligent fusion matching algorithm. This device does not rely on ledger information and is unaffected by external conditions such as conductor surface contamination, aging, or sunlight. Based on the two essential physical characteristics of the conductor—its outer diameter and internal material—it achieves objective, accurate, and rapid identification of conductor types, providing solid technical support for improving the safety, efficiency, and intelligence level of live-line work.

[0067] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0068] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0069] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0070] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0071] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. It is hereby indicated that the above description is intended to help those skilled in the art understand this invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any equivalent substitutions, modifications, improvements, or simplifications of the above descriptions that do not depart from the essential content of this invention fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for identifying the type of live wire, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a main shell, a sliding assembly, a main slider, a displacement detection assembly, a strong magnet, a force sensor, and a support plate. An extension plate is provided on the exterior of the main shell. The sliding assembly is located both inside the main shell and on the extension plate. The main slider includes an inner main slider, an outer main slider, and a connecting rod. The inner main slider is located at the top of the sliding assembly inside the main shell, and the outer main slider is located at the top of the sliding assembly on the extension plate of the main shell. The inner and outer main sliders are connected by the connecting rod. The strong magnet is located inside the outer main slider. The force sensor is located at the top of the sliding assembly on the extension plate of the main shell, corresponding to the strong magnet. The support plate is located on the upper exterior of the main shell, and the displacement detection assembly is located on the support plate, with its detection end extending into the interior of the main shell.

2. The live conductor type identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The live wire type identification device also includes an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate. The lower guide plate is provided at the upper end of the outer main body slider, and the upper guide plate is provided on the lower side of the support fixing plate corresponding to the lower guide plate. During identification, the wire is placed between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate.

3. The live conductor type identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding assembly includes a guide post, a spring, and a movable sleeve. The guide post is provided inside the main body shell and on the extension plate. The movable sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the guide post. The spring is provided between the movable sleeve and the guide post. The inner main body slider and the outer main body slider are respectively provided on the top of the movable sleeve corresponding to the inside of the main body shell and the extension plate.

4. The live conductor type identification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The force sensor is installed on the top of the movable sleeve corresponding to the extension plate, and the strong magnetic block is installed on the top of the force sensor. When the wire enters between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate, the strong magnetic block and the wire form a magnetic field coupling relationship, generating a magnetic attraction force, which is detected by the force sensor.

5. A live conductor type identification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the inner main body slider is provided with a contact groove corresponding to the displacement detection component, and the detection end of the displacement detection component is embedded in the inside of the contact groove.

6. The live conductor type identification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The displacement detection assembly includes a displacement sensor and a ball-head probe. The displacement sensor is mounted on the support plate by fixing blocks and bolts. The ball-head probe is located at the bottom of the displacement sensor. A contact groove is provided inside the inner main body slider corresponding to the ball-head probe. The lower end of the ball-head probe is embedded in the contact groove. When the main body slider slides up and down, it drives the ball-head probe to generate axial displacement synchronously.

7. A live conductor type identification device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device also includes a battery and a circuit board. The battery is used to provide power. The force sensor and displacement sensor are connected to the circuit board. The circuit board is used to collect signals collected by the displacement sensor and signals collected by the force sensor, and to analyze and process them.

8. The live conductor type identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell of the main body is provided with a wire passage groove, and the connecting rod passes through the wire passage groove to connect the inner main body slider and the outer main body slider respectively.

9. A live conductor type identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A universal joint is provided at the bottom of the main housing, through which the device is mounted on the insulating operating rod for identifying the type of wire without power interruption.

10. A method for identifying the type of a live conductor, applied to a live conductor identification device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: In response to the adaptive clamping of the conductor under test, the displacement sensor acquires the displacement signal generated by the different outer diameter of the conductor, and calculates the outer diameter parameter of the conductor based on the displacement signal; The magnetic attraction force generated by the wire under the action of a magnetic field is detected by using a strong magnetic block and a force sensor. The magnetic attraction force is compared with a preset threshold. If it is greater than the threshold, the wire is determined to contain a steel core; otherwise, it is determined to be without a steel core. The outer diameter parameter of the conductor and the determination result of whether it contains a steel core are used as identification features, and matched with the preset conductor model database to output the corresponding conductor model information.

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