Method and apparatus for identifying a position offset of a firing point

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for identifying excitation point position shifts. The method includes: acquiring seismic acquisition data of multiple excitation points to be analyzed; performing dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data; for each excitation point, constructing multiple corresponding regions in the theoretical observation system and performing intra-regional data superposition and inter-regional data stitching of the dynamically corrected data according to the regions to obtain stitched data corresponding to each excitation point; and obtaining the position shift identification result based on the state of the first arrival phase axis of the stitched data of the multiple excitation points. If the position of a certain excitation point is shifted, it will be accurately reflected in the distribution change of the superposition results in multiple regions, and reflected in the stitched result as a shift of the first arrival phase axis at the corresponding position of a certain region. This can reduce the workload of data analysis and improve the accuracy of excitation point position shift identification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of geological exploration data processing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for identifying the position offset of a trigger point. Background Technology

[0002] In seismic exploration, an observation system is typically designed in advance, specifying the positional relationship between excitation and receiver points. However, during actual exploration operations, there are always deviations between the excitation point locations and the theoretical design. In some cases, these deviations can be significant, affecting the quality of subsequent data processing. Therefore, it is necessary to identify these excitation points with positional discrepancies.

[0003] In realizing the concept disclosed herein, the inventors discovered at least the following technical problems in the related technologies: In the related technologies, the observation system generally contains hundreds or thousands, or even tens of thousands, of excitation and receiving points. By performing linear dynamic correction processing on all the collected data of each excitation point, and manually checking all the data for comparison to identify whether there is a positional deviation, on the one hand, the amount of data that needs to be processed for linear dynamic correction is huge, and the manual review of the linear dynamic correction data is time-consuming and laborious; on the other hand, in mixed mining operations, interference from adjacent shots affects the clarity of the first arrival wave, thus affecting the linear dynamic correction effect; moreover, linear dynamic correction is not sensitive to checking the offset in the direction perpendicular to the survey line, and the accuracy of the identification results needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve them, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method and apparatus for identifying excitation point position offset.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for identifying the location offset of excitation points. The method includes: acquiring seismic acquisition data of multiple excitation points to be analyzed; performing dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data; for each excitation point, constructing multiple corresponding regions in a theoretical observation system and performing intra-regional data superposition and inter-regional data stitching of the dynamically corrected data according to the aforementioned regions to obtain stitched data corresponding to each excitation point; and obtaining the location offset identification result based on the state of the first arrival phase axis of the stitched data of the multiple excitation points.

[0006] In some embodiments, the seismic acquisition data for each excitation point is the echo data acquired by multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point. Specifically, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data. This includes: determining the target shot-receiver distance range for the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point; wherein the velocities of the first arrival refracted waves are the same within the target shot-receiver distance range; and performing dynamic correction processing on the corresponding echo data for multiple target receivers within the target shot-receiver distance range for each excitation point to obtain dynamically corrected data corresponding to multiple target receivers for each excitation point.

[0007] In some embodiments, for each excitation point, multiple corresponding regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions of the dynamically calibrated data are superimposed according to the above-mentioned regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. This includes: for each excitation point, constructing multiple regions centered on the current excitation point in the theoretical observation system; the corresponding boundaries of the multiple regions corresponding to different excitation points are parallel; determining the matching relationship between the multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the above-mentioned regions; superimposing the dynamically calibrated data corresponding to each excitation point within the region according to the above-mentioned matching relationship to obtain the region superimposed data; and splicing the region superimposed data between regions according to a preset order to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point; wherein the preset order is the same for the multiple excitation points.

[0008] In some embodiments, determining the matching relationship between multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point and the aforementioned divided regions includes: determining the matching relationship between the multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point and the corresponding divided regions based on the positional relationship between the positions of the multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point in the theoretical observation system and the aforementioned divided regions. The dynamically corrected data corresponding to each excitation point is then superimposed within the region according to the aforementioned matching relationship to obtain regional superimposed data, including: selecting a target time window range containing the first arrival time of each excitation point; and superimposing the dynamically corrected data within the target time window range according to the aforementioned matching relationship to obtain regional superimposed data.

[0009] In some embodiments, multiple partitioned regions corresponding to each excitation point are symmetrically distributed along at least one partition boundary.

[0010] In some embodiments, the multiple regions corresponding to each excitation point are N regions obtained by dividing the circumference angle equally based on the boundary line; N≥2 and N is a positive integer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the identification result of position offset is obtained based on the state of the first arrival phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the above-mentioned multiple excitation points, including: determining whether there is a phase axis offset based on the state of the first arrival phase axis corresponding to the spliced ​​data of the above-mentioned multiple excitation points; determining the excitation point corresponding to the target position where there is a phase axis offset as the target excitation point where the position offset occurs; and predicting the offset orientation of the target excitation point based on the direction of the phase axis offset and the splicing order of the corresponding divided regions.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a device for identifying the location offset of excitation points. The device includes: a data acquisition module, a dynamic correction processing module, a regional processing module, and a location offset identification module. The data acquisition module acquires seismic acquisition data from multiple excitation points to be analyzed. The dynamic correction processing module performs dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data. The regional processing module constructs multiple corresponding regions in the theoretical observation system for each excitation point and performs intra-regional data overlay and inter-regional data stitching of the dynamically corrected data according to the aforementioned regional divisions to obtain stitched data corresponding to each excitation point. The location offset identification module obtains the location offset identification result based on the state of the first arrival phase axis of the stitched data from the multiple excitation points.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via the communication bus; the memory stores computer programs; and the processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements the excitation point position offset identification method as described above.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for identifying the excitation point position offset as described above.

[0015] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this disclosure have at least some or all of the following advantages:

[0016] By performing dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each of the multiple excitation points to be analyzed within a local area, dynamic correction data is obtained. For each excitation point, multiple corresponding division regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions of the dynamic correction data are superimposed according to the above division regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. Based on the multiple division regions, the data of each excitation point within the same region are superimposed, realizing the group superposition of a large amount of data in a small number of division regions, which can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the data in each division region. At the same time, if there is a shift in the actual position of a certain excitation point, its change will be reflected in the distribution change of the superposition results in multiple division regions, and reflected in the spliced ​​result as the first arrival phase axis shift at the corresponding position of a certain division region. This can reduce the workload of data analysis and improve the accuracy of excitation point position shift identification. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for identifying excitation point position offset according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0020] Figure 2 The diagram schematically illustrates the result of data acquisition of the target gun-receiver distance range and the velocity of the first arrival refracted wave for a certain excitation point according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3A The diagram illustrates the result of constructing an example of multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3B The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3C The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 3DThe diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4 A detailed implementation flowchart of step S130 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated schematically;

[0026] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions centered on the current excitation point in step S410 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6 The illustration schematically shows a result of superimposing regional superimposed data in step S430 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the dynamic calibration data corresponding to each excitation point is superimposed within the region according to the above matching relationship.

[0028] Figure 7 The illustration schematically shows the result of splicing the superimposed regional data in a preset order according to step S440 of an embodiment of the present disclosure to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point.

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an observation system designed for a seismic exploration project according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, (a) being an overall schematic diagram of the observation system and (b) being a detailed enlarged schematic diagram of the observation system;

[0030] Figure 9 The illustration schematically shows the results of analyzing and processing seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying excitation points according to the parameters designed in the observation system, based on the method of this disclosure embodiment.

[0031] Figure 10 The illustration schematically shows the results of analyzing and processing seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying 10 of the excitation points by shifting them 100 meters westward, based on the method of this disclosure embodiment.

[0032] Figure 11 The illustration schematically shows the results of analyzing and processing seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying 10 of the excitation points 100 meters south, based on the method of this disclosure embodiment;

[0033] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the identification result of the positional offset obtained by the method of this embodiment in a scenario where there is a positional offset corresponding to the actual excitation point.

[0034] Figure 13 A schematic diagram illustrating the result after correcting the excitation point position based on the identification results of the position offset; and

[0035] Figure 14 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0037] During the research and development process, the following technical problems were found in the relevant technologies: In the relevant technologies, the observation system generally contains hundreds or even thousands of excitation and receiving points. Linear dynamic correction is performed on all the collected data of each excitation point, and the positional deviation is identified by manually checking and comparing all the data. On the one hand, the amount of data to be processed for linear dynamic correction is huge, and the manual review of the linear dynamic correction data is time-consuming and laborious. On the other hand, in mixed mining operations, interference from adjacent shots affects the clarity of the first arrival wave, which in turn affects the linear dynamic correction effect. Moreover, linear dynamic correction is not sensitive to the offset in the direction of the vertical survey line, and the accuracy of the identification results needs to be improved.

[0038] In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for identifying the position offset of excitation points. The method involves acquiring seismic acquisition data of multiple excitation points to be analyzed; performing dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data; constructing multiple corresponding regions in the theoretical observation system for each excitation point and performing intra-regional data superposition and inter-regional data splicing of the dynamically corrected data according to the aforementioned regions to obtain spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point; and obtaining the position offset identification result based on the state of the first arrival phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the multiple excitation points.

[0039] By performing dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each of the multiple excitation points to be analyzed within a local area, dynamic correction data is obtained. For each excitation point, multiple corresponding division regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions of the dynamic correction data are superimposed according to the above division regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. Based on the multiple division regions, the data of each excitation point within the same region are superimposed, realizing the group superposition of a large amount of data in a small number of division regions, which can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the data in each division region. At the same time, if there is a shift in the actual position of a certain excitation point, its change will be reflected in the distribution change of the superposition results in multiple division regions, and reflected in the spliced ​​result as the first arrival phase axis shift at the corresponding position of a certain division region. This can reduce the workload of data analysis and improve the accuracy of excitation point position shift identification.

[0040] The following is a detailed description with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] The first exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides a method for identifying excitation point position offset. This method can be applied to electronic devices with computing capabilities.

[0042] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for identifying excitation point position offset according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the method for identifying the excitation point position offset provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: S110, S120, S130 and S140.

[0044] In step S110, seismic acquisition data of multiple excitation points to be analyzed are obtained.

[0045] The multiple trigger points (also described as shot points) to be analyzed can be multiple trigger points used in actual exploration of a target work area. The target work area is pre-designed with a corresponding observation system. During the actual exploration process, the actual location of the trigger points may deviate from the theoretical location of the trigger points designed in the observation system. Therefore, it is necessary to identify whether the trigger points have shifted in location based on the seismic acquisition data.

[0046] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the relative positional relationship between the excitation point and the receiving point (which can also be described as the detector point) in the observation system is not limited, and can be of various distributional relationships. The identification method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure is applicable to various types of observation systems. The distance between each receiving point and its corresponding excitation point is the shot-receiver offset.

[0047] In some embodiments, the seismic acquisition data for each excitation point consists of echo data acquired from multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point. The echo data from multiple receivers corresponding to one excitation point can also be described as a set of single-shot data, thus multiple excitation points correspond to multiple sets of single-shot data.

[0048] In step S120, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local range to obtain the dynamically corrected data.

[0049] Figure 2 The diagram schematically illustrates the result of data acquisition of the target gun-receiver distance range and the velocity of the first arrival refracted wave for a certain excitation point according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] In some embodiments, in step S120 above, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local range to obtain dynamically corrected data, including:

[0051] For each trigger point, the target shot-receiver offset range is determined based on the seismic acquisition data; within this range, the velocities of the first-arrival refracted waves are the same; for example, refer to... Figure 2 As shown, the target shot-receiver offset range was picked up for the firing point numbered 3740631. The corresponding target shot-receiver offset range was 768.2756 to 905.5109. The velocity V of the first arrival refracted wave picked up within this range was 2027 m / s.

[0052] For each firing point within the aforementioned target gun-receiver distance range, the corresponding echo data are dynamically corrected to obtain the dynamically corrected data for each firing point and the multiple target receiving points.

[0053] Dynamic correction processing is performed on the echo data corresponding to multiple target receiving points within the aforementioned target gun-receiver range. The corresponding linear time difference correction formula is: CORR = offset / V offset Where CORR represents the correction amount; offset represents the shot-receiver distance; V offset This represents the velocity of the first arrival refracted wave at the corresponding gun-receiver distance. In this embodiment, the velocities of the first arrival refracted waves at each target receiving point within the target gun-receiver distance range are the same, and a uniform value of 2027 m / s is used for dynamic correction.

[0054] In this embodiment, dynamic correction processing is performed on seismic acquisition data within a local area. For example, dynamic correction processing is only required for the echo data corresponding to multiple target receiving points within the target shot-receiver distance range to obtain dynamic correction data corresponding to each excitation point. This not only reduces the workload of dynamic correction processing, but also improves the reliability of subsequent data overlay and inter-regional data stitching based on the dynamically corrected data, since the velocities of the first arrival refracted waves corresponding to multiple target receiving points within the target shot-receiver distance range are the same, i.e., the first arrival time is consistent and relatively clear within this range.

[0055] In step S130, for each excitation point, multiple corresponding regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the regional data of the dynamic calibration data are superimposed and the inter-regional data are stitched together according to the above-mentioned regions to obtain the stitched data corresponding to each excitation point.

[0056] Figure 3A The diagram illustrates the result of constructing an example of multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3B The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3C The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3D The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 3A to 3D In the illustration, to highlight the positions of the excitation and receiving points, the icons of each position point are enlarged for illustration, and the spacing is only for example. In actual cases, the shot spacing, detector spacing, shot line spacing, detector line spacing, etc. may be denser or sparser.

[0057] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the above-mentioned multiple division regions are obtained by dividing the spatial range based on M division boundaries, where M is a positive integer.

[0058] In some embodiments, multiple partitioned regions corresponding to each excitation point are symmetrically distributed along at least one partition boundary.

[0059] In some embodiments, the multiple regions corresponding to each excitation point are N regions obtained by dividing the circumference equally based on the boundary line; N≥2 and N is a positive integer. (Refer to...) Figures 3A to 3DAs shown in the example, the results of constructing multiple partitioned regions in a theoretical observation system are illustrated. Specifically, the spatial range can be divided based on multiple boundaries, with the current excitation point as the center, resulting in multiple partitioned regions. The number of partitioned regions, N, is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the specific number is not limited; it can be three, four, five, six, or even more. The angular distribution of the multiple partitioned regions can be even or uneven, and the multiple partitioned regions can be symmetrical along at least one boundary. For example, refer to... Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, dashed lines are used to indicate the boundaries. Taking the current excitation point (indicated by a black-filled circle) as the center, four quadrant regions are divided by two mutually perpendicular boundaries: the first boundary 311 and the second boundary 312. The receiving point corresponding to the current excitation point (indicated by a black-filled rectangle) has a relative positional relationship with the four quadrant regions and is assigned to the corresponding quadrant region. Thus, the matching relationship between multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the above-mentioned regions is obtained.

[0060] contrast Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, it can be understood that the angular coverage of the above four quadrant regions can vary. The first dividing boundary 311 can be rotated in the theoretical observation system to obtain an initial position, and then the second dividing boundary 312 can be determined based on the vertical relationship. In the embodiments of this disclosure, the specific position of the first dividing boundary is not limited.

[0061] Reference Figure 3C As shown, the division boundaries are indicated by a single-dot dashed line. In this example, the current excitation point is used as the center, and the area is divided into three equally angular regions based on three division boundaries with an angle of 120° between them: the third division boundary 321, the fourth division boundary 322, and the fifth division boundary 323. In other embodiments, the angles between the three division boundaries may not be exactly the same, and the multiple division regions may be symmetrical along at least one division boundary. For example, the angle between two division boundaries (e.g., the third division boundary 321 and the fourth division boundary 322) is 60° (angle is only an example), and the angle between these two division boundaries and another division boundary (e.g., the fifth division boundary 323) is 150°, and there is symmetry along the other division boundary (e.g., the fifth division boundary 323).

[0062] Reference Figure 3DAs shown, the boundaries are indicated by double-dotted lines. In this example, the area is divided into eight regions based on four boundaries: the sixth boundary 331, the seventh boundary 332, the eighth boundary 333, and the ninth boundary 334, with the current excitation point as the center. The angles between the boundaries can be either evenly or unevenly divided.

[0063] When determining the matching relationship between multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the above-mentioned division regions, if the location point corresponding to a certain receiving point is located on one side of the division boundary, that is, falls into the middle range corresponding to the two division boundaries, it is assigned to the corresponding division region; if the location point corresponding to a certain receiving point is exactly located on a certain division boundary, then according to the unified processing rule (according to a certain rotation direction, a point on a certain division boundary is regarded as falling into the previous or next division region corresponding to that division boundary), the receiving point is assigned to the division region to which the division boundary belongs.

[0064] Figure 4 A detailed implementation flowchart of step S130 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0065] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 As described above, in step S130, for each excitation point, multiple corresponding division regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions after dynamic correction are superimposed according to the above division regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point, including the following steps: S410, S420, S430 and S440.

[0066] In step S410, for each excitation point, multiple partitioned regions centered on the current excitation point are constructed in the theoretical observation system; the corresponding partition boundaries of the multiple partitioned regions corresponding to different excitation points are parallel.

[0067] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the result of constructing multiple partitioned regions centered on the current excitation point in step S410 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 As shown, red dots indicate firing points, and blue dots indicate receiving points. The positions of the firing and receiving points are the theoretical distribution locations in the observation system. A four-quadrant region is constructed centered on the current firing point. The starting edge of the four-quadrant region is not restricted, and the arrangement order of the quadrants can be counterclockwise or clockwise. Here, clockwise is used as an example. Inner and outer arcs are further divided within the target shot-receiver distance range based on the distance from the current firing point, resulting in a four-quadrant circular region. Figure 5Different colors are used to mark each annular region. For example, light pink indicates the first quadrant, orange indicates the second quadrant, purple indicates the third quadrant, and gray indicates the fourth quadrant. In other embodiments, the inner and outer arcs can be omitted, and a conventional four-quadrant region can be directly constructed. If the dynamic calibration data corresponding to the current firing point is a local range (e.g., the target gun-receiver distance range), the matching relationship obtained in step S420 and the result of constructing the four-quadrant annular region are the same.

[0069] In step S420, the matching relationship between the multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the above-described division region is determined.

[0070] In some embodiments, in step S420 above, determining the matching relationship between the multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the above-described division region includes: determining the matching relationship between the multiple receiving points and the corresponding division region based on the positional relationship between the multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point in the theoretical observation system and the above-described division region.

[0071] In step S430, the dynamic calibration data corresponding to each excitation point is superimposed within the region according to the above matching relationship to obtain the region superimposed data.

[0072] In some embodiments, step S430 above, which involves superimposing the dynamic calibration data corresponding to each excitation point within a region according to the above matching relationship to obtain regional superimposed data, includes: selecting a target time window range containing the initial arrival time of each excitation point; and superimposing the dynamic calibration data within the target time window range within a region according to the above matching relationship to obtain regional superimposed data.

[0073] Figure 6 The illustration schematically shows the result of superimposing regional superimposed data in step S430 according to the above matching relationship of each excitation point after dynamic calibration in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] With the region divided into four quadrants, and based on the initial arrival time of the current excitation point being 300ms (the unit is milliseconds; for simplicity, the units of time in the attached diagram are omitted), the target time window range is selected as 0ms to 600ms. Then, refer to... Figure 6 As shown, the dynamic correction data within the target time window range of 0ms to 600ms are superimposed within the region according to the matching relationship, resulting in the superimposed region data corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth quadrants, respectively; according to Figure 6 It can be seen that the regional overlay data obtained by overlaying data within the same region has a high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0075] In step S440, the superimposed data of the above regions are spliced ​​together in a preset order to obtain spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point; wherein, the preset order is the same for the above multiple excitation points.

[0076] Figure 7 The illustration schematically shows the result of stitching together the superimposed regional data in a preset order according to step S440 of an embodiment of the present disclosure to obtain the stitched data corresponding to each excitation point.

[0077] Reference Figure 7 As shown, this illustrates the gun points (also called firing points) numbered 1000-1140 on the gun line corresponding to gun line number 5530. For each firing point (e.g., firing point number 1000), the waveforms in the column from top to bottom are the result of splicing data obtained by overlaying data from each divided region (using the four quadrants as an example) in a preset order (the waveform data in the vertical direction corresponding to the gun number); for example, in Figure 7 The splicing order shown in the diagram is in the order of the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant. In other embodiments, the preset splicing order is not limited. It can be in the clockwise or counterclockwise order of the divided regions, or it can be based on a randomized order instead of the ordered order of the divided regions. That is, the splicing order is not specifically related to the arrangement or adjacent order of multiple divided regions. As long as the splicing order of all excitation points in the same observation system is consistent, it is acceptable.

[0078] In step S140, the position offset identification result is obtained based on the initial phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the above multiple excitation points.

[0079] In some embodiments, step S140 above, obtaining the position offset identification result based on the state of the initial arrival phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the plurality of excitation points, includes:

[0080] Determine whether there is a phase axis offset based on the state of the first-to-phase axis corresponding to the spliced ​​data of the above multiple excitation points.

[0081] The excitation point corresponding to the target position where there is a phase axis offset is determined as the target excitation point where the position offset occurs.

[0082] Based on the direction of the phase axis offset and the splicing order of the corresponding divided regions, the offset orientation of the above-mentioned target excitation point is predicted.

[0083] In the embodiment including the above steps S110 to S140, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each of the multiple excitation points to be analyzed within a local range to obtain dynamically corrected data; for each excitation point, multiple corresponding division regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions of the above dynamically corrected data are superimposed according to the above division regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point; the data within the same region of each excitation point is superimposed based on multiple division regions, realizing the group superposition of a large amount of data in a small number of division regions, which can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the data in each division region; at the same time, if the actual position of a certain excitation point is offset, its change will be reflected in the distribution change of the superposition results in multiple division regions, and reflected in the spliced ​​result as the first arrival phase axis offset of the corresponding position of a certain division region, thereby reducing the processing workload of data analysis and improving the identification accuracy of excitation point position offset at the same time.

[0084] The applicability and beneficial effects of the present application scheme are illustrated below by applying the method of the present disclosure to a mixed-sampling 3D seismic acquisition project and obtaining the results.

[0085] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an observation system designed for a seismic exploration project according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, (a) being an overall schematic diagram of the observation system and (b) being a detailed enlarged schematic diagram of the observation system.

[0086] Reference Figure 8 As shown in (a) and (b), a represents the maximum longitudinal shot-receiver distance, b represents the maximum transverse shot-receiver distance, and c represents the maximum shot-receiver distance; these parameters are all pre-designed. The observation system has 40 receiver lines (RL), spaced 125 meters apart, with multiple receiver points on each line, spaced 12.5 meters apart. Multiple shot lines (SL) are arranged perpendicular to the receiver lines, spaced 125 meters apart, with multiple shot points on each line, spaced 12.5 meters apart. Each receiver line has 1280 receiver channels, resulting in a total of 51200 receiver channels. Excitation is performed using a single-unit, single-pass method, and reception is performed using a single receiver.

[0087] Figure 9 The illustration schematically shows the results of analyzing and processing seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying excitation points according to the parameters designed in the observation system, based on the method of this disclosure embodiment. Figure 10 The illustration schematically shows the results of analyzing and processing seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying 10 of the excitation points by shifting them 100 meters westward, based on the method of this disclosure embodiment. Figure 11The illustration schematically shows the results of analyzing and processing seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying 10 of the excitation points 100 meters south, based on the method of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0088] The seismic acquisition data obtained by actually deploying the excitation points according to the parameters designed in the observation system is analyzed and processed based on the method of this embodiment. The results are referred to... Figure 9 As shown; the coordinates of the 10 normal firing points were shifted 100 meters west or south respectively before being deployed, and the results were referenced respectively. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown. (Refer to...) Figure 9 As shown, when there is no offset in the shot point position, after analysis and processing in steps S110 to S140, it is determined that there is no offset in the phase axis based on the state of the initial arrival phase axis corresponding to the spliced ​​data of multiple firing points; refer to Figure 10 As shown, when the shot point shifts westward, an example is given based on the four quadrant regions. The in-phase axes of the first and third quadrants shift in opposite directions; refer to... Figure 11 As shown, when the shot point is shifted southward, the example is based on the four quadrant regions. The in-phase axes of the second and fourth quadrants are shifted in opposite directions.

[0089] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the identification result of the positional offset obtained by the method of this embodiment in a scenario where there is a positional offset corresponding to the actual excitation point. Figure 13 The diagram illustrates the result after correcting the excitation point position based on the identification results of the position offset.

[0090] In addition, in comparison Figure 12 and Figure 13 It is known that in scenarios where the actual excitation point has a positional offset, the result of stitching together the data from multiple segmented regions will result in an offset of the in-phase axis. The excitation point corresponding to the target position with the in-phase axis offset is identified as the target excitation point with the positional offset. Based on the direction of the in-phase axis offset and the stitching order of the corresponding segmented regions, the offset direction of the target excitation point is predicted, thereby obtaining the identification result, including: the target excitation point with the positional offset, the offset direction, etc. Based on this, the offset distance can be determined during the excitation point position correction. For example, by trying to adjust and correct the position of the target excitation point according to the opposite direction of the offset direction, the correction distance when the in-phase axis offset disappears is the offset distance of the target excitation point.

[0091] A second exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides an apparatus for identifying excitation point position offset.

[0092] The aforementioned identification device includes: a data acquisition module, a dynamic calibration processing module, a regional processing module, and a position offset identification module.

[0093] The aforementioned data acquisition module is used to acquire seismic acquisition data from multiple trigger points to be analyzed.

[0094] The aforementioned dynamic correction processing module is used to perform dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local range, to obtain the dynamically corrected data.

[0095] The aforementioned regional processing module is used to construct multiple corresponding regions in the theoretical observation system for each excitation point, and to perform regional data superposition and inter-regional data splicing of the dynamically calibrated data according to the aforementioned regional divisions, so as to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point.

[0096] The aforementioned position offset identification module is used to obtain the position offset identification result based on the state of the initial phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the multiple excitation points.

[0097] In some embodiments, the seismic acquisition data for each excitation point is the echo data acquired by multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point. Specifically, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data. This includes: determining the target shot-receiver distance range for the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point; wherein the velocities of the first arrival refracted waves are the same within the target shot-receiver distance range; and performing dynamic correction processing on the corresponding echo data for multiple target receivers within the target shot-receiver distance range for each excitation point to obtain dynamically corrected data corresponding to multiple target receivers for each excitation point.

[0098] In some embodiments, for each excitation point, multiple corresponding regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions of the dynamically calibrated data are superimposed according to the above-mentioned regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. This includes: for each excitation point, constructing multiple regions centered on the current excitation point in the theoretical observation system; the corresponding boundaries of the multiple regions corresponding to different excitation points are parallel; determining the matching relationship between the multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the above-mentioned regions; superimposing the dynamically calibrated data corresponding to each excitation point within the region according to the above-mentioned matching relationship to obtain the region superimposed data; and splicing the region superimposed data between regions according to a preset order to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point; wherein the preset order is the same for the multiple excitation points.

[0099] In some embodiments, determining the matching relationship between multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point and the aforementioned divided regions includes: determining the matching relationship between the multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point and the corresponding divided regions based on the positional relationship between the positions of the multiple receivers corresponding to the current excitation point in the theoretical observation system and the aforementioned divided regions. The dynamically corrected data corresponding to each excitation point is then superimposed within the region according to the aforementioned matching relationship to obtain regional superimposed data, including: selecting a target time window range containing the first arrival time of each excitation point; and superimposing the dynamically corrected data within the target time window range according to the aforementioned matching relationship to obtain regional superimposed data.

[0100] In some embodiments, multiple partitioned regions corresponding to each excitation point are symmetrically distributed along at least one partition boundary.

[0101] In some embodiments, the multiple regions corresponding to each excitation point are N regions obtained by dividing the circumference angle equally based on the boundary line; N≥2 and N is a positive integer.

[0102] In some embodiments, the identification result of position offset is obtained based on the state of the first arrival phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the above-mentioned multiple excitation points, including: determining whether there is a phase axis offset based on the state of the first arrival phase axis corresponding to the spliced ​​data of the above-mentioned multiple excitation points; determining the excitation point corresponding to the target position where there is a phase axis offset as the target excitation point where the position offset occurs; and predicting the offset orientation of the target excitation point based on the direction of the phase axis offset and the splicing order of the corresponding divided regions.

[0103] More details of this embodiment can be found in the description of the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] In the aforementioned identification device, dynamic correction is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each of the multiple excitation points to be analyzed within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data. For each excitation point, multiple corresponding division regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions of the dynamically corrected data are superimposed according to the above division regions to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. Based on the superposition of data within the same region of each excitation point based on multiple division regions, a large amount of data is grouped and superimposed in a small number of division regions, which can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the data in each division region. At the same time, if the actual position of a certain excitation point is offset, its change will be reflected in the distribution change of the superposition results in multiple division regions, and reflected in the spliced ​​result as the first arrival phase axis offset of the corresponding position of a certain division region. This can reduce the processing workload of data analysis and improve the identification accuracy of excitation point position offset at the same time.

[0105] Any number of the functional modules included in the aforementioned identification device can be combined into one module, or any one of the modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules can be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules and implemented in one module. At least one of the functional modules included in the aforementioned identification device can be at least partially implemented as hardware circuitry, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), a System-on-Chip, a System-on-Substrate, a System-on-Package, an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or implemented in hardware or firmware by any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging the circuitry, or implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, or in any suitable combination of any of these three implementation methods. Alternatively, at least one of the functional modules included in the aforementioned identification device can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which, when run, can perform corresponding functions.

[0106] A third exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides an electronic device.

[0107] Figure 14 The schematic diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0108] Reference Figure 14 As shown, the electronic device 1400 provided in this embodiment includes a processor 1401, a communication interface 1402, a memory 1403, and a communication bus 1404. The processor 1401, the communication interface 1402, and the memory 1403 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1404. The memory 1403 is used to store computer programs. When the processor 1401 executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the excitation point position offset identification method as described above.

[0109] A fourth exemplary embodiment of this disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for identifying the excitation point position offset as described above.

[0110] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the device or apparatus described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device or apparatus. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0111] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as including, but not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for identifying excitation point position offset, characterized in that, include: Acquire seismic acquisition data from multiple trigger points to be analyzed; Dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each trigger point within a local area to obtain the dynamically corrected data; For each excitation point, multiple corresponding regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system, and the data within the region and the data between regions are spliced ​​according to the dynamic calibration data to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. Based on the state of the initial phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the multiple excitation points, the identification result of the position offset is obtained.

2. The identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic acquisition data for each excitation point consists of echo data acquired from multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point; Specifically, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each trigger point within a local area to obtain dynamically corrected data, including: For the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point, the target shot-receiver distance range is determined; wherein, the velocity of the first arrival refracted wave is the same within the target shot-receiver distance range. For each excitation point and multiple target receiving points within the target gun-receiver distance range, the corresponding echo data are dynamically corrected to obtain the dynamically corrected data corresponding to multiple target receiving points in each excitation point.

3. The identification method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, For each excitation point, multiple corresponding regions are constructed in the theoretical observation system. Data within these regions and data between regions are then overlaid according to the dynamically calibrated data, resulting in stitched data corresponding to each excitation point, including: For each excitation point, multiple partitioned regions centered on the current excitation point are constructed in the theoretical observation system; the corresponding partition boundaries of the multiple partitioned regions corresponding to different excitation points are parallel; Determine the matching relationship between multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the defined region; The dynamic calibration data corresponding to each excitation point is superimposed within the region according to the matching relationship to obtain the region superimposed data; The superimposed data of the regions are spliced ​​together in a preset order to obtain spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point; wherein, the preset order is the same for the multiple excitation points.

4. The identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the matching relationship between multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point and the defined region includes: Based on the positional relationship between the multiple receiving points corresponding to the current excitation point in the theoretical observation system and the divided region, the matching relationship between the multiple receiving points and the corresponding divided region is determined. The dynamically calibrated data corresponding to each excitation point are superimposed within the region according to the matching relationship to obtain the region superimposed data, including: Based on the first arrival time of each excitation point, select the target time window range that includes the first arrival time; The dynamic correction data within the target time window range are superimposed within the region according to the matching relationship to obtain the region superimposed data.

5. The identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple partitioned regions corresponding to each excitation point are symmetrically distributed along at least one partition boundary.

6. The identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple regions corresponding to each excitation point are N regions obtained by dividing the circumference angle equally based on the boundary line; N≥2 and N is a positive integer.

7. The identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the state of the initial arrival phase axis of the spliced ​​data from the multiple excitation points, the position offset identification result is obtained, including: Determine whether there is a phase axis offset based on the state of the initial arrival phase axis corresponding to the spliced ​​data of the multiple excitation points; The excitation point corresponding to the target position where there is a phase axis offset is determined as the target excitation point where the position offset occurs. Based on the direction of the phase axis offset and the splicing order of the corresponding divided regions, the offset orientation of the target excitation point is predicted.

8. A device for identifying excitation point position offset, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire seismic data from multiple trigger points to be analyzed. The dynamic correction processing module is used to perform dynamic correction processing on the seismic acquisition data corresponding to each excitation point within a local range, so as to obtain the dynamically corrected data. The regional processing module is used to construct multiple corresponding regions in the theoretical observation system for each excitation point, and to perform regional data superposition and inter-regional data splicing of the dynamically calibrated data according to the regional division to obtain the spliced ​​data corresponding to each excitation point. The position offset recognition module is used to obtain the position offset recognition result based on the state of the initial phase axis of the spliced ​​data of the multiple excitation points.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements the identification method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the identification method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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