Intelligent optimization method for processing parameters of key components of slider universal shaft

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent optimization method for machining parameters of key components of a slider-type universal joint, relating to the field of machining control technology. The method includes: acquiring 3D models, material information, process routes, target tolerances, surface quality indicators, and machine tool basic status data; identifying weak areas such as openings, hole precision areas, and load-bearing sliding contact areas; establishing a feature area label set, a quality target set, and a parameter allowable domain; acquiring machining status data based on the current feature area labels and generating a feature area quality risk index in conjunction with the current process status; generating candidate machining parameter combinations within the corresponding parameter allowable domain; when calibration or degradation conditions are met, forming an execution parameter package only for the current feature area and outputting it to the CNC machine tool; acquiring measured values ​​after machining and correcting the weights of the quality target set and the parameter allowable domain. This method improves the machining stability, quality consistency, and process continuity of key feature areas, and strengthens batch inheritance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining control technology, specifically to an intelligent optimization method for machining parameters of key components of a slider-type universal joint. Background Technology

[0002] Sliding universal joints or sliding universal couplings are mainly used for power transmission in metallurgy, engineering, mining, and heavy-duty machinery. When two shafts rotate relative to each other or under conditions of large load fluctuations, torque needs to be transmitted or angular displacement compensated through the fork, slider, and mating area. These parts generally require high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and stable assembly quality. In production, they are mostly machined using CNC machine tools through multiple passes, with cutting parameters set and adjusted based on process experience, trial cutting programs, and operational conditions.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN10477785A describes a method for dynamically optimizing CNC machining process parameters. For CNC machining, the method first sets up sampled machining status information and machining program instruction sequence information, and establishes a dynamic acquisition interface for machining information. Next, it collects actual machining data, uses sine and cosine operators for iterative smoothing, and obtains the filtered signal feature values. Then, based on the current machining instruction and / or toolpath trajectory type, it selects optimization coefficients from a process coefficient library, and uses the selected feature values ​​and optimization coefficients to establish an optimization model to calculate the current reasonable process parameters. This method emphasizes synchronization with the CNC system interpolation cycle, enabling dynamic updates of program parameters, and comparing the optimized process parameters with existing process parameters for further correction. Overall, this existing method is a closed-loop parameter tuning process consisting of machining status acquisition, instruction context recognition, coefficient selection, and model calculation, capable of optimizing online process parameters in general CNC machining scenarios.

[0004] However, the aforementioned technologies are still somewhat lacking in the machining of key components of slider-type universal joints. These parts simultaneously possess open or fork-shaped weak rigidity areas, load-bearing contact mating surfaces, and hole surface areas that are highly sensitive to dimensional and positional accuracy. Due to intermittent cutting, localized heating, and uneven clamping forces, cutting forces, vibrations, and thermal deformations are prone to regional differences. The parameter adjustment of CN10477785A is mainly based on the current line command, toolpath type, and acquired machining status signals, which can reflect the program running status and equipment operating status. However, it does not reflect the differences in stiffness, heat dissipation conditions, and quality sensitivity of different local areas of the workpiece. Therefore, in the specific machining process, when the same set of parameter adjustment logic is applied to local areas with large differences in machining sensitivity, it can easily lead to conservative parameters in some parts, low machining efficiency, excessive local load, vibration, and heat accumulation in some parts, resulting in consequences such as dimensional fluctuations, unstable surface roughness, localized burns, contour deviations, and excessive wear in subsequent assembly.

[0005] Therefore, how to adjust the process parameters to adapt to the processing constraints of different local areas in the machining of key components of slider universal joints, while taking into account both processing efficiency and quality stability, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent optimization method for machining parameters of key components in a slider-type universal joint. This method identifies weak areas such as openings, precision areas of hole systems, and load-bearing sliding contact areas, establishing a feature area label set, a quality target set, and a parameter allowable domain. Based on the current feature area labels, machining status data is obtained and combined with the current process status to generate a feature area quality risk index. Candidate machining parameter combinations are generated within the corresponding parameter allowable domain. When calibration or downgrade conditions are met, an execution parameter package is formed only for the current feature area and output to the CNC machine tool. After machining, measured values ​​are obtained, and the weights of the quality target set and the parameter allowable domain are corrected. This method improves the machining stability, quality consistency, and process continuity of key feature areas, and enhances batch inheritance; it solves the technical problems described in the background art.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The intelligent optimization method for machining parameters of key components of slider universal joint includes: acquiring the three-dimensional model, material information, process route, target tolerance and surface quality index of the key components of the slider universal joint to be machined, as well as the basic state data of the machine tool; identifying key feature areas and establishing feature area label set, quality target set and parameter allowable domain; Based on the current feature region label corresponding to the current location, obtain the processing status data and generate the feature region quality risk index by combining it with the current process status, and generate candidate processing parameter combinations within the corresponding parameter allowable domain. When the quality risk index of the feature area meets the calibration or downgrade conditions, the candidate machining parameter combination is calibrated or downgraded only for the current feature area, forming an execution parameter package and outputting it to the CNC machine tool. Obtain the measured values ​​after processing, and adjust at least one of the weights and parameter allowable fields of the quality target set based on the measured values ​​for use in subsequent processes or batches.

[0008] Furthermore, the key feature areas include the weak opening area, the hole system precision area, and the load-bearing slip contact area; a feature area label set is established, including determining the main body segment, boundary segment, and adjacent transition segment of each key feature area based on the three-dimensional model, process route, and target tolerance, and associating each key feature area with the corresponding quality target set and parameter allowable domain, so as to determine the current feature area label according to the current position.

[0009] Furthermore, a set of quality targets and parameter allowable domains are established, including reading the feed boundary, speed boundary, depth of cut boundary, and toolpath organization boundary corresponding to each key feature area from a preset rule base according to the key feature area, material information, process route, and machine tool basic status data, and establishing the association between the feed boundary, speed boundary, depth of cut boundary and the corresponding target tolerance and surface quality index.

[0010] Furthermore, the machining status data includes spindle load, following error, vibration, temperature, tool status, and position data; the feature area quality risk index is generated by acquiring machining status data within the sampling window corresponding to the current feature area label, and combining the machining status data with the current process status to perform risk fusion and repositioning, so as to form the feature area quality risk index corresponding to the current feature area label.

[0011] Furthermore, candidate machining parameter combinations are generated, including determining the center parameter within the parameter allowable range based on the feature area quality risk index, and generating candidate machining parameter combinations consisting of feed rate, spindle speed and depth of cut around the center parameter; The candidate machining parameter combinations also correspond to the current feature area label and the current process status, and are filtered by the parameter allowable domain and toolpath organization boundary.

[0012] Furthermore, the calibration includes shrinking the candidate machining parameter combination corresponding to the current feature area label only when the feature area quality risk index meets the calibration conditions, and simultaneously adjusting the toolpath organization method and allowance allocation method corresponding to the current feature area label to form an execution parameter package corresponding to the current feature area label, and keeping the execution parameter package within the parameter allowable range.

[0013] Furthermore, the downgrading includes, when the quality risk index of the feature area meets the downgrading conditions, performing depth of cut reduction and continuous toolpath length shortening in the weak opening area, and performing feed reduction and hole boundary section shortening in the hole system accuracy area; The feed and rotation speed are coordinated to shrink the bearing sliding contact area and the end overlap section is made into an independent segment, while keeping the parameter allowable range of other key feature areas unchanged.

[0014] Furthermore, the measured values ​​include hole system error, surface roughness, and contour error; the measured values ​​after processing are obtained, including the measured values ​​corresponding to the current feature area label obtained through in-machine measurement, and the measured values ​​are classified into the result objects corresponding to the current feature area label according to the main body segment, boundary segment, transition segment, and end overlap segment, so as to correct the quality target set and parameter allowable range.

[0015] Furthermore, the weights of the quality target set and the feed boundary, speed boundary, and depth of cut boundary in the parameter allowable domain are corrected based on the measured values. This includes forming the measurement deviation corresponding to the current feature area label based on the measured values, and correcting the weights of the hole system relationship, surface state, contour preservation, and shape preservation in the quality target set, as well as the feed boundary, speed boundary, and depth of cut boundary in the parameter allowable domain, based on the measurement deviation.

[0016] Furthermore, for subsequent processes or batches to call upon, this includes associating and storing the revised quality target set, parameter allowable fields, current feature area labels, process number, tool number, and clamping number, and using them as the basis for subsequent processes to call upon the quality target set and parameter allowable fields, as well as for subsequent batches to establish the quality target set and parameter allowable fields, under the same structure family, the same material state, the same tool type, and the same clamping method.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides an intelligent optimization method for the machining parameters of key components of a slider-type universal joint, which has the following beneficial effects: By identifying weak areas of openings, precision areas of hole systems, and load-bearing sliding contact areas, a feature area label set, a quality target set, and a parameter allowable domain are established. This aligns the machining object, quality constraints, and control boundaries on the same semantic chain, avoiding the need to treat all components of the slider-type universal joint as a whole. The current feature area label, current process status, and machining status data are categorized and risk-combined to form a feature area quality risk index. This generates candidate machining parameter combinations under the corresponding parameter allowable domain. Parameter generation is directly oriented towards the current feature area, rather than generalizing through program lines or status signals.

[0018] The calibration or degradation method, toolpath organization method, and allowance allocation method of the candidate machining parameter combination in the current feature area are changed only. Local anomalies are only handled in the current feature area, rather than the risk of one area spreading to the entire workpiece. The execution parameter package is consistent with the feature area state.

[0019] The processed measurement values ​​are assigned to the corresponding result objects according to the current feature area labels. Based on the result objects, the weights of the quality target set and the relevant boundaries in the parameter allowable domain are modified so that the results of the previous part of the processing continue to affect the next process or the next batch. The modeling, risk assessment, local calibration and measurement write-back process are executed continuously. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the adaptive machining control system for key components of the slider-type universal joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the identification of key feature areas of the slider-type universal joint fork head in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of the process object view and the binding relationship of the feature area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process for forming the feature region quality risk index and generating candidate processing parameter combinations in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of local calibration and feature-specific degradation control based on threshold segmentation in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the closed-loop feedback of parameter distribution, measurement value reset, and parameter allowable field write-back in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the repositioning of the main body segment, transition segment, and boundary segment of the current feature area in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides an intelligent optimization method for the machining parameters of key components of a slider-type universal joint, including: Step one is executed by the edge control terminal coupled to the CNC machine tool. Its task is not to directly issue cutting commands, but to organize the information scattered in the design documents, process documents, fixture layout, material status and machine tool site into the same set of process semantic base that can be continuously called in subsequent steps.

[0023] The edge control terminal first receives the 3D model, material information, process route, target tolerance, and surface quality requirements of the key component of the slider-type universal joint to be machined. Then, it simultaneously receives the machine tool's basic status data, thereby establishing a process object view oriented towards the current workpiece. Subsequently, the edge control terminal performs feature recognition around the weak opening area, hole system accuracy area, and load-bearing sliding contact area, binding each type of feature area with the corresponding quality target, clamping sensitivity, and machining boundary, ultimately forming a feature area label set, a quality target set, and a parameter allowable domain. After this step, subsequent steps no longer deal with the abstract workpiece but with the process object that has already undergone semantic alignment, thus enabling subsequent parameter generation to have clear object boundaries and process boundaries. Step 1: Transform the key component of the slider-type universal joint to be machined from a part on a drawing into a process object that can be understood by region and processed by risk differentiation by the CNC machine tool, and output the feature area label set, quality target set, and parameter allowable domain for subsequent steps.

[0024] Unlike ordinary rotating parts with uniform shape and single force, the key components of a slider-type universal joint typically include fork-shaped openings, through holes, transition fillets, load-bearing sliding surfaces, and local thin walls. These structures correspond to different stiffness states, heat dissipation paths, and clamping responses during machining. Therefore, the cutting load, tool deflection tendency, and surface formation mechanism caused by the same toolpath in different areas are not consistent. If the edge control terminal understands the workpiece only based on the program segment sequence or machine tool coordinate position, the process parameters obtained in subsequent steps can only reflect that the machine tool is moving, but cannot reflect which sensitive area the tool is currently in. Therefore, step one first addresses the object representation problem, that is, organizing the workpiece's geometric features, material state, process requirements, and machine tool status into a continuously transmitted unified expression, so that the next step processes not scattered data, but a process object with regional, process, and quality meanings.

[0025] Key components of slider-type universal joints often require tool changes, fixture references, or clamping postures between roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing processes. If the allowance distribution, thermal history, and local hardening state formed in the previous process are not recorded and carried over to the current process, different parts of the same workpiece may be mistakenly considered to be at the same starting point by subsequent steps. Step one introduces process route information and machine tool basic status data at the data acquisition entry point. The purpose is to understand the current process within the complete manufacturing chain, so that subsequent steps have continuous historical basis when generating candidate machining parameters, rather than only facing the isolated current moment.

[0026] Step one follows a single-chain processing logic of first unification, then identification, and finally binding. First unification means that the edge control terminal unifies data from the design, process, and machine tool ends into the same process object view, eliminating differences in coordinate references, naming conventions, and file sources. Second identification means locating key feature areas in the process object view that determine machining stability and final quality, and assigning each key feature area a unique feature area label. Third binding means establishing a fixed mapping between the feature area label and the corresponding quality objective, clamping sensitivity, material sensitivity, and initial parameter range, forming a parameter allowable domain. This data chain has a clear sequential relationship: the 3D model and process route determine the identifiable areas; the identified areas determine the quality objectives to be bound; the quality objectives and the machine tool's basic state jointly define the parameter allowable domain; and the parameter allowable domain then serves as the boundary for generating candidate machining parameters in step two.

[0027] Instead of simply extracting existing tolerances into the system, this process reorganizes geometric location, stress characteristics, machining sequence, and surface application into process semantics. In other words, each output object in Step One possesses both location and meaning attributes. The feature area label set not only indicates where the tool will pass next but also what kind of fit or load-bearing responsibility that location plays in the critical components of the slider universal joint; the quality target set not only describes the forming requirements but also implies what kind of machining disturbances should not disrupt those requirements; the parameter allowable domain not only provides the initial range but also specifies which type of area this range is designed for. Therefore, when subsequent steps reference the output of Step One, they will not treat the weak opening area and the load-bearing sliding contact area as the same type of object, nor will they use the same processing logic for the hole system precision area and the ordinary tool deflection area.

[0028] The edge control terminal first establishes a process object view. This view contains five types of input: first, the geometric entities and topological relationships in the 3D model; second, the material information including grade, heat treatment state, and blank source; third, the process sequence, current process positioning datum, tool selection information, and fixture arrangement in the process route; fourth, the target tolerance and surface quality requirements; and fifth, the available spindle speed range, working status of each feed axis, current tool assembly status, and measurement interface status in the machine tool basic status data. The edge control terminal performs unified naming on these five types of input, mapping all holes, slots, shoulders, fillets, end faces, and sliding contact surfaces in the part drawing to the same part coordinate system. It then writes the clamping direction, tool approach direction, and process sequence relationships from the process route into the same view, avoiding the disconnect between design coordinates, programming coordinates, and machine tool field coordinates.

[0029] In one embodiment, the edge control terminal is deployed within the workstation control cabinet of the machining unit. It connects upstream to the design workstation and the manufacturing execution terminal, and downstream to the CNC machine tool, online measuring head, and tool identification device. After changing the key component of the slider-type universal joint to be machined, the operator imports the 3D model file and process card that are circulating with the workpiece into the edge control terminal. The edge control terminal then reads the current tool magazine information and fixture position information of the machine tool, and realigns the reference holes, the inner surfaces of the fork arms, and the slider contact surface in the 3D model with the machine tool's coordinate origin. After this action is completed, the geometric position, process sequence, and clamping direction can be directly displayed simultaneously on the same screen. Therefore, the object names referenced in subsequent steps remain consistent, preventing the confusion of programmers referring to it as an internal hole, inspectors as a mating hole, and the machine tool side as a second station hole.

[0030] Preferably, the material information in the process object view not only retains the steel grade name, but also the blank formation method and heat treatment stage, because forgings, rolled materials, and pre-machined blanks differ significantly in their microstructure continuity, surface hardening, and residual stress release paths. For critical components of slider-type universal joints, these differences directly affect the elastic recovery of the weak opening area during cutting, the thermal deformation of the hole system precision area during boring, and the adhesion tendency of the load-bearing sliding contact area during the surface formation stage. By writing these material states into the process object view, the edge control terminal ensures that subsequent identification actions do not deviate from the actual blank state.

[0031] Once the process object view is established, the edge control terminal performs key feature area identification in the order of geometry-stress attributes-surface application.

[0032] First, weak areas of the opening are identified based on the opening width, wall thickness continuity, hole adjacency relationships, and transition fillet positions in the 3D model. Second, hole system precision areas are identified based on the hole axis, hole chamfer, coaxial relationship between holes, and positioning datum relationship. Third, load-bearing sliding contact areas are identified based on the contact surface with the slider, load-bearing sliding direction, surface unfolding length, and adjacent edge state. Identification goes beyond geometric naming; it simultaneously incorporates the most critical quality objectives for that area. The quality objectives for weak areas of the opening emphasize shape retention and processing stability, those for hole system precision areas emphasize axial relationships and hole surface forming, and those for load-bearing sliding contact areas emphasize surface continuity and contact formation quality. The edge control terminal then outputs feature area labels with usage information, rather than simply outputting part surface numbers.

[0033] In a representative implementation, the part to be processed is a slider-type universal joint fork with a fork structure and a slider mating surface. After the operator loads the workpiece into a special fixture, the edge control terminal identifies the weak opening area formed by the root of the two fork arms and the fillet transition of the opening from the 3D model, the hole system accuracy area formed by the inner holes of the two arms and their axial relationship, and the load-bearing sliding contact area formed by the mating surfaces on both sides that move relative to the slider. After the identification is completed, the abstract surface number is no longer displayed on the screen, but three types of labels are directly displayed: weak opening area, hole system accuracy area, and load-bearing sliding contact area. In this way, when the tool subsequently enters the vicinity of the root of the two fork arms, the edge control terminal does not call the ordinary surface machining semantics, but the weak opening area semantics that has been bound to the shape preservation requirements; when the tool enters the boring stage, the hole system accuracy area semantics that has been bound to the hole axis relationship requirements are called. The on-site operator can thus directly understand why the system uses different processing boundaries for different parts of the same workpiece.

[0034] The quality target binding stage also incorporates process sequence information. If the current process is roughing, the edge control terminal emphasizes allowance retention and shape stability under the weak opening area label, emphasizes the inheritability of subsequent finishing references under the hole system accuracy area label, and emphasizes that the surface should not be excessively damaged under the load-bearing slip contact area label. If the current process is finishing, the target descriptions for geometric completion, hole surface forming, and contact surface formation are respectively introduced. Thus, the same feature area label is used for the same geometric region in different processes, but the content of its quality target changes in detail with the process sequence. This approach maintains a unique mapping of terminology while ensuring that the control intent of the current process does not deviate from the entire manufacturing chain.

[0035] When the same geometric region is associated with two types of features simultaneously, the edge control terminal determines the primary feature area label according to the main objective of the process and writes the other type of requirement into the subordinate constraint. Taking the structure of the sliding contact surface adjacent to the inner hole of the fork head as an example, if the current process is hole machining, the primary feature area label of this region is assigned to the hole system precision area, and the requirement for bearing the sliding contact area is written into the surface transition constraint; if the current process switches to contact surface formation, the primary feature area label is switched to the bearing sliding contact area, and the requirement for the hole system precision area is written into the adjacent boundary. Through this master-slave division, step one avoids the same region being numbered repeatedly, and also avoids target conflicts when reading objects in subsequent steps.

[0036] After obtaining the feature area label set and quality target set, the edge control terminal begins to generate the parameter allowance domain. The parameter allowance domain is not a single parameter table, but rather an initial machining boundary established around each feature area, covering at least the feed rate boundary, spindle speed boundary, depth of cut boundary, width of cut boundary, toolpath segmentation rules, tool approach / retract mode, and allowance allocation method. The generation process simultaneously reads material information, tool type, current operation, fixture constraint direction, and machine tool basic status data, compressing this information into an initial boundary oriented towards the current feature area. In this way, the edge control terminal narrows the depth of cut boundary and toolpath continuity length boundary in the weak opening area, tightens the tool approach / retract mode and hole transition mode in the hole system accuracy area, and constrains the toolpath splicing and final machining allowance during the surface formation stage in the bearing sliding contact area. The resulting parameter allowance domain is not for immediate execution, but rather serves as a boundary container for generating candidate machining parameters in step two, preventing subsequent steps from exceeding the machining window that the current area can withstand.

[0037] Boundary rollback logic is established simultaneously in step one. When the 3D model lacks local fillet information, the process card does not specify the preceding allowance, the material information only has the grade and lacks the heat treatment stage, or the machine tool basic status data indicates that a certain tool is not in place, the edge control terminal does not terminate the processing, but instead calls the preset rule library. The preset rule library is organized hierarchically according to workpiece structure family - material status - current process - tool status, where each layer stores the safe initial boundary corresponding to the key component of the slider universal joint. The edge control terminal extracts the boundary template that is closest to the current workpiece structure from the rule library, writes it into the parameter allowable field, and adds a source identifier to the feature area label, indicating whether the boundary of this area comes from complete modeling or from rule rollback. The engineering significance of this processing is that even if the on-site information is incomplete, subsequent steps still obtain a set of input objects with clear boundaries and definite sources, and the entire process chain will not be interrupted due to the absence of a certain file.

[0038] As a supplement: The primary key of the rule base is: Among them, the structure family number Indicates a part structure family, feature area label Indicates the current feature area type and process stage. Indicates roughing, semi-finishing, or finishing; material condition. Indicates the material grade and heat treatment condition, and the type of cutting tool. Indicates the current tool type and clamping method. This indicates the fixture and positioning scheme.

[0039] Each rule record includes at least the following fields: risk component normalization boundary field, parameter allowable field, toolpath boundary field, risk fusion weight field, calibration weight field, measurement correction field, and threshold field.

[0040] The rollback logic is as follows: first, perform an exact match using the complete primary key; if no match is found, then progressively loosen the clamping method. Tool type Material condition Preserve structure family number Feature region labels and process stages The parameters remain unchanged until the safe initial parameter allowable domain is obtained.

[0041] To prevent the parameter allowable domain from becoming disconnected from the on-site execution conditions, the edge control terminal also writes the fixture clamping position, probe clearance area, and tool approach direction into the encapsulation result during the result encapsulation stage. Taking the fork head as an example, if the fixture clamping block covers a section of the outer surface of the fork head, the edge control terminal records the clamping constraint under the corresponding feature area label; if the probe needs to enter the hole for inspection after this process, the parameter allowable domain of the hole system accuracy area will simultaneously retain the toolpath ending posture that the probe can enter. After encapsulation is completed, the edge control terminal outputs the feature area label set, quality target set, and parameter allowable domain, and sends all three to step two with the same number, so that step two can obtain the name, target, and boundary of the area when reading any number.

[0042] In one parallel implementation, critical feature area identification is directly completed by the 3D model; in another parallel implementation, critical feature area identification is completed by the annotation file pre-written during the process programming stage; in yet another parallel implementation, critical feature area identification is completed manually by the workshop process engineer in the visual interface of the edge control terminal. Although the three paths have different sources, the output objects are consistent, namely feature area label set, quality target set, and parameter allowable domain. Correspondingly, the parameter allowable domain also has parallel formation methods: one path generates it based on the process cards accumulated in the workshop over a long period of time, another path generates it based on the material state and tool data, and the third path generates it based on the safety boundary confirmed after the first piece trial run. As long as the final encapsulation result still revolves around the same feature area label, step two can be seamlessly inherited without terminology jumps or object mismatches.

[0043] Furthermore, the edge control terminal organizes the scattered inputs into process objects centered around key feature regions, ensuring that each input referenced in subsequent steps carries clear regional and process semantics, fundamentally preventing the mixing of structurally sensitive areas with ordinary areas. By directly binding quality objectives to feature region labels and generating parameter allowable domains at the same stage, subsequent steps are naturally constrained by boundaries when generating candidate processing parameters, avoiding a passive processing chain of generating parameters first and then backtracking.

[0044] Step 2: Combine the feature area label set, quality target set, and parameter allowable domain output in Step 1 with the spindle load, following error, vibration, temperature, tool status, and position data collected during the current machining process to generate the feature area quality risk index for the current feature area. Under the constraints of this index, a combination of candidate machining parameters is formed for use in Step 3.

[0045] Step one has already answered which area of ​​the key component of the slider-type universal joint to be processed bears which type of manufacturing responsibility. Step two further answers the question of how much processing risk the current area is bearing at this moment, and how the parameter boundaries should be tightened. The weak opening area, the hole system precision area, and the load-bearing sliding contact area are all on the same part, but the three types of areas have different sensitivities to load fluctuations, shaft system hysteresis, local vibration, heat accumulation, and tool wear. If the edge control terminal only reads the state quantities in chronological order, it will obtain the general machine tool state; if it first completes the position homing based on the feature area labels in Step one, and then interprets these state quantities in combination with the quality target set and the parameter allowable domain, it will obtain the processing risk with regional and process implications. Step two thus establishes a fixed-sequence processing chain: first, determine which feature area the tool is currently in; then, determine which quality target the feature area has deviated from; and finally, determine how much adjustment margin the parameter allowable domain still has. The result obtained in this way is neither divorced from the machine tool environment nor from the specific workpiece.

[0046] Step two follows a single-chain processing logic: state acquisition and homing, risk index formation, and candidate machining parameter combination convergence. The edge control terminal first receives machining state data from the CNC machine tool, spindle driver, feed axis driver, vibration acquisition unit, temperature acquisition unit, and tool identification unit. Then, based on the position data, it categorizes this state data into the current feature area label. Subsequently, the edge control terminal calls the quality target set and parameter allowable domain corresponding to this feature area to perform directional consistency processing on the state variables, converting increased load, increased error, enhanced vibration, intensified temperature rise, increased tool wear, and improved boundary proximity into risk increments. Finally, the edge control terminal generates a feature area quality risk index and forms candidate machining parameter combinations within the parameter allowable domain, which, along with the current feature area label, is passed to step three. In this way, step three does not need to review the original signal but directly performs calibration and degradation processing around a set of executable parameters corresponding to the current feature area.

[0047] The edge control terminal first establishes a status acquisition window around the current feature area label. The starting point of this window is the moment when the tool enters the boundary of the current feature area, and the ending point is the moment when the tool leaves the boundary of the current feature area. Tool change segment, idle stroke segment, and probe insertion segment are not included in the window. The purpose of this processing is to ensure that spindle load, following error, vibration, temperature, and tool status only reflect the cutting process of the current feature area, without mixing in auxiliary actions. Subsequently, the edge control terminal sends the current tool tip position, tool radius compensation status, and toolpath direction together into the position reset process to determine whether the tool is in the main segment of the opening weak area, the main segment of the hole system accuracy area, the main segment of the load-bearing sliding contact area, or in the boundary segment and transition segment of the corresponding feature area. For key components of the slider universal joint, this step can distinguish between actions that are similar in appearance but different in mechanism, such as tool retraction at the hole opening and forming on the hole wall, and trimming at the end of the sliding contact surface and forming on the main body of the contact surface.

[0048] In one implementation, after the operator clamps the fork head into a special fixture, the edge control terminal receives the tool position coordinates, spindle torque, and feed axis following error as the boring tool enters the inner hole. The system first assigns the tool position coordinates to the main segment of the hole system accuracy zone, and then identifies the subsequent short-term tool retraction as the hole boundary segment, preventing this retraction segment from entering the main cutting window. Therefore, subsequent risk assessment will not mistakenly interpret the sudden load drop caused by tool retraction as a resolution of hole wall risk. For example, when machining sliding contact surfaces, the edge control terminal records the tool's position near the end boundary and the temperature rise status simultaneously, allowing different risk interpretations for the same surface machining trajectory at the end and middle sections. After completing the position repositioning, the edge control terminal establishes six risk components, namely the load risk component. Error risk component Vibration risk component Risk of temperature rise Tool risk component and location risk components All six risk components fell within the closed range. ,in This component has not yet significantly compressed the current feature region. This component has approached the boundary of the parameter allowable domain established in step one. This means that subsequent risk indices no longer directly face the chaotic original signals, but rather the risk components whose regional affiliation and direction have been unified.

[0049] After obtaining the six risk components, the edge control terminal reads the corresponding fusion weights based on the current feature region label to form a feature region quality risk index. The quality risk index of the feature region. This is not a typical score, but rather a synthetic representation of the current feature region to multi-source perturbations, and its formulation is as follows: Among them, load weight : Risk contribution coefficient of spindle load in the current characteristic area, with a value range of [value range missing]. This is used to reflect the impact of changes in cutting resistance on the local stress state; error weighting : The risk contribution coefficient of the following error in the current feature region, with a value range of . Vibration weight The risk contribution coefficient of vibration in the current characteristic region, with a value range of [value range missing]. ; Temperature rise weight : Risk contribution coefficient of temperature rise in the current characteristic region, with a value range of [value range missing]. Tool weight The risk contribution coefficient of tool wear in the current feature region, with a value range of [value range missing]. Position weight : Risk contribution coefficient of boundary proximity in the current feature region, with a value range of [value range missing]. This is used to reflect the additional sensitivity of the tool when it approaches the boundary section, turning section and adjacent transition section; Load risk component Error risk component Vibration risk component Risk of temperature rise Tool risk component and location risk components Both represent the degree of compression of the current feature region boundary by the corresponding state quantity, and their values ​​are all within the range of... ; Feature region quality risk index The composite result of the six risk components under the current feature region, with a value range of [value range missing]. The larger the value, the closer the current feature region is to the boundary of the parameter allowable domain; The reason for adopting the above product-complementary form is that the local instability of key components in a slider-type universal joint is often not caused by a single factor, but by the superposition of two or more medium- to high-risk components. Taking the weak opening area as an example, the increase in load and vibration often jointly promote the expansion of local tool deflection; taking the load-bearing sliding contact area as an example, when temperature rise and tool wear are superimposed, the surface formation is more likely to deviate from the predetermined quality target. The product-complementary form can directly map this combined effect into the characteristic area quality risk index without the need for subsequent steps to explain the coupling relationship between multiple sources of disturbance.

[0050] In one embodiment, when the edge control terminal processes the load-bearing sliding contact area of ​​the fork member, as the tool advances towards the end of the contact surface, the temperature rise risk component... and location risk components Simultaneously rising, while load risk component Only minor changes. The system generates a feature area quality risk index based on the fusion weight corresponding to the bearing slip contact area. This index is then directly written into the parameter filtering process of the current feature region. In this way, the operator sees a unified risk state corresponding to the end boundary, rather than multiple independent and difficult-to-interpret curves.

[0051] When using it, the six risk components are compressed into single-value expressions, which are convenient for direct calling in the subsequent step three; the fusion weights are switched by switching the feature region labels, so that the risk forming rules always revolve around the current region.

[0052] The edge control terminal obtains the feature area quality risk index. Next, first read the lower boundary of the feed for the current feature region from step one. upper feed boundary Lower boundary of rotational speed upper limit of rotational speed Lower boundary of cutting depth and the upper boundary of the cutting depth Then, the convergence center parameters of the current feature region are formed. These convergence center parameters are given in the following manner: Among them, center feed The current feature region's central feed value at the existing risk level, with the value located within a closed interval. Inside; feed lower boundary Step 1 establishes the minimum allowable feed value for the current feature region, with a value greater than 0, to avoid scraping and tool edge stagnation; upper feed boundary. Step 1 establishes the maximum allowable feed value for the current feature region, which is greater than... Center speed The current spindle speed of the current feature region under the existing risk level, with a value located within a closed interval. Inside; Lower boundary of rotational speed and the upper boundary of the rotational speed These represent the allowable spindle speed boundaries of the current feature region; and the center depth of cut, respectively. The central tangent depth of the current feature region at the existing risk level, with values ​​located within a closed interval. Inner; lower boundary of incision depth and the upper boundary of the cutting depth These represent the allowable cutting depth boundaries of the current feature region, used to avoid excessively shallow cutting and excessively large cutting sections; The edge control terminal then expands candidate machining parameter combinations along a preset discrete coefficient sequence within the parameter allowable domain, using the convergence center parameter as the central axis. Hole precision areas are preferentially expanded along the feed dimension, opening weak areas are preferentially expanded along the depth of cut dimension, and bearing sliding contact areas are preferentially expanded along the feed and rotational speed coupling dimension. Although the resulting candidate machining parameter combinations all revolve around the same central parameter, the expansion direction always conforms to the current feature region label.

[0053] For example, when machining the precision area of ​​the hole system in the fork head component, the edge control terminal first generates the center feed. Center speed and center depth Then, several narrow-range differential values ​​are formed around the center feed, while maintaining the center rotation speed and center depth of cut fluctuating within the adjacent band. Each set of candidate machining parameter combinations is accompanied by the current feature area label, the current process number, and the feature area quality risk index. Write it into the input cache of step three.

[0054] To prevent candidate machining parameter combinations from appearing usable but being unexecutable in practice, the edge control terminal performs a validity convergence check on each set of parameters. If a combination exceeds the parameter allowable range established in step one, it is directly eliminated; if a combination does not exceed the range but conflicts with toolpath segmentation rules, probe clearance areas, or fixture clamping directions, it is also removed from the candidate set. The candidate machining parameter combinations retained after convergence are all consistent with the current feature region label, quality target set, and parameter allowable range.

[0055] When used, the feature region quality risk index It directly acts on the convergence center parameter, forming a single-chain relationship between the risk level and the candidate processing parameter combination; the legality convergence check is completed in step two to avoid receiving out-of-bounds combinations in step three.

[0056] In another implementation, the edge control terminal does not directly use a fixed discrete coefficient sequence. Instead, it selects a corresponding unfolding template from pre-stored parameter templates based on the current tool type, machine tool gear, and process toolpath length. For the load-bearing sliding contact area involving ball end mills, the unfolding template prioritizes maintaining a stable depth of cut while refining the coordination between feed and spindle speed. For the hole precision area involving boring tools, the unfolding template prioritizes maintaining a stable spindle speed while refining the feed difference. For the opening weak area involving end mills, the unfolding template prioritizes compressing the depth of cut and limiting the continuous cutting length. The parameter template can be stored in the edge control terminal's local database or issued by the manufacturing execution terminal. Parameter management devices with equivalent functions can also perform this action. The significance of this approach is that the candidate machining parameter combinations are not derived from abstract evaluation but are always consistent with the tool type, machine tool gear, and the geometric characteristics of the current process.

[0057] In use, the edge control terminal compresses the multi-source state variables of the current processing into the feature region quality risk index corresponding to the current feature region, and further converges it into a combination of candidate processing parameters. This allows step three to directly unfold subsequent actions around several executable parameter packages for a certain feature region. By using the feature region label set, quality target set, and parameter allowable domain given in step one, state relocation and boundary screening are completed, ensuring that the parameter generation process never deviates from the specific region and specific process.

[0058] Step 3: Based on the feature area quality risk index and candidate processing parameter combination output in Step 2, perform local calibration, boundary shrinkage and extreme condition degradation on the current feature area, so that the calibrated execution parameter package falls within the parameter allowable range and is consistent with the quality target of the current feature area.

[0059] Step two has compressed the multi-source state variables into a feature area quality risk index and generated candidate machining parameter combinations. However, these candidate machining parameter combinations are still within the range of selectable options and are not equivalent to execution targets that should be issued immediately. The opening weak zone, hole system accuracy zone, and load-bearing sliding contact zone of the key components of the slider-type universal joint exhibit different instability paths during machining: the opening weak zone is more prone to vibration amplification due to insufficient local stiffness and intermittent cutting; the hole system accuracy zone is more prone to hole axis drift under the combined effects of feed axis lag, hole opening heating, and tool wear; and the load-bearing sliding contact zone is more prone to uneven contact surface formation under continuous cutting and surface heat accumulation. If the edge control terminal directly selects one to execute after obtaining the candidate machining parameter combinations, there is still a possibility that the parameter itself may not exceed the limits, but it may no longer be suitable for the current area.

[0060] Step three therefore undertakes two tasks closely related to the workpiece: firstly, to converge the candidate machining parameter combinations into a calibrated execution parameter package; and secondly, to trigger targeted actions only within the current feature area instead of uniformly shrinking the entire workpiece when the risk continues to escalate. This local control chain inherits both the regional semantics of Step one and the risk expression of Step two, and executes the actions at the layer closest to the CNC machine tool.

[0061] The edge control terminal first reads the current feature area label, feature area quality risk index, and candidate machining parameter combinations output from step two, and then compares the feature area quality risk index with the calibration threshold, degradation threshold, and isolation threshold in sequence. If the feature area quality risk index is lower than the calibration threshold, only fine-grained screening is performed on the candidate machining parameter combinations, while keeping the current toolpath organization unchanged. If the feature area quality risk index is between the calibration threshold and the degradation threshold, the local calibration stage is entered, and the feed, spindle speed, depth of cut, toolpath segmentation, and allowance allocation of the current feature area are coordinated and contracted. If the feature area quality risk index is higher than the degradation threshold, and is accompanied by an upward surge in vibration peak, a sudden increase in following error, or a continuous rise in temperature, the feature-specific degradation stage is entered. While keeping the machining plans for other non-sensitive feature areas basically unchanged, only actions such as reducing load, detouring, pausing continued cutting, or switching to a conservative toolpath are taken for the current feature area. Throughout the entire processing chain, the edge control terminal always revolves around the current feature area label, and does not extend the anomaly of a single area to the uniform suppression of the entire workpiece.

[0062] After receiving the output from step two, the edge control terminal first performs segmented judgment on the feature region quality risk index under the current feature region label. To avoid action jumps caused by a single threshold, the edge control terminal sets a calibration threshold. Downgrade threshold and isolation threshold and satisfy Among them, the calibration threshold Used to determine whether a transition from candidate processing parameter combinations to local contraction is necessary; degradation threshold. Used to determine whether the toolpath organization method needs to be changed; isolation threshold. This is used to determine whether the current feature area needs to be temporarily removed from the continuous machining chain. The segmentation results of the feature area quality risk index from the edge control terminal are not directly sent to the CNC machine tool, but are further combined with the current feature area label to determine which calibration path should be used. For weak opening areas, priority is given to checking whether vibration-related disturbances are dominant; for hole system accuracy areas, priority is given to checking whether the following error and tool status jointly compress the hole axis to maintain its position; for load-bearing sliding contact areas, priority is given to checking whether the temperature rise and position boundary simultaneously approach the limit. Thus, the same feature area quality risk index will trigger different calibration paths under different feature area labels.

[0063] Furthermore, in order to link segmentation determination and path selection, the edge control terminal constructs a calibration shrinkage coefficient. Its expression is:

[0064] Among them, the calibration shrinkage coefficient The degree of shrinkage of the current feature region during the local calibration phase, with a value range of [value range missing]. The higher the value, the closer the current feature region is to a state requiring strong contraction; Feature Region Quality Risk Index The risk result of the current feature region output in step two has a value range of [value range missing]. ; Calibration threshold : The lower bound for initiating local calibration, with a value range of . Downgrade threshold The upper bound for the transition from local calibration to feature-specific degradation, with a value range of [value range missing]. And greater than the calibration threshold ; Step three does not simply require calibrating the binary judgment, but rather a continuously increasing contraction intensity as the risk approaches the degradation threshold. The edge control terminal can smoothly map the feature region quality risk index from step two to the subsequent parameter contraction amplitude, avoiding abrupt changes in local actions.

[0065] Furthermore, once the current feature area enters the local calibration range, the strength of subsequent actions has been clearly written into the calibration shrinkage coefficient, and there is no need to repeat the judgment on the CNC machine tool side; at the same time, since the threshold judgment is always used together with the current feature area label, the opening weak area, the hole system accuracy area and the load-bearing sliding contact area can enter different calibration channels along their respective instability paths.

[0066] In one implementation, when the edge control terminal processes the weak area of ​​the fork head assembly's opening, it detects that the current feature area's quality risk index has exceeded the calibration threshold but has not yet reached the degradation threshold. Based on this, the system does not immediately rewrite the entire process segment. Instead, it places the machining of this segment into a local calibration channel and writes the calibration shrinkage coefficient into the execution context of the current feature area. Subsequently, the system continues to observe whether the toolpath is located at the opening edge segment. If the tool is still in the main body segment, the subsequent shrinkage action focuses on depth of cut and continuous cutting length. If the tool is already close to the edge segment, the subsequent shrinkage action is further superimposed with feed slow-release and tool exit slow-turn. The operator can directly see that the machine tool is still completing the same process within the current station, only the action rhythm has shifted to finer local control, without mistakenly believing that the system has abandoned the machining of this segment.

[0067] After the current feature region enters the local calibration stage, the edge control terminal selects the set of center parameters that are closest to the current toolpath position from the candidate machining parameter combinations, and records it as the center feed. Center speed and center depth The region is then shrunk in combination with the lower and upper boundaries written in step one. To maintain the difference in the shrinkage order of the three feature regions, the edge control terminal reads the feed shrinkage weights for the current feature region label. Rotational speed contraction weight And the depth of cut shrinkage weight. The depth of cut shrinkage weight in the weak zone of the opening. Higher than feed contraction weight The purpose is to first reduce the cutting cross-section; the feed shrinkage weight in the hole system accuracy zone. Higher than the rotational speed contraction weight The purpose is to first stabilize the axial forming; and to bear the feed shrinkage weight of the sliding contact area. With rotational speed contraction weight The combined effect aims to mitigate heat accumulation while maintaining surface formation continuity. The edge control terminal generates a calibrated execution parameter package based on the aforementioned weights, with the following expression: Among them, the feed is executed. The feed value sent to the CNC machine tool after local calibration is located within a closed interval. Internal; center feed The feed center value in the candidate machining parameter combination output in step two is located within a closed interval. Inside; feed lower boundary Step 1 establishes the minimum allowable feed value for the current feature region, with a value greater than 0; feed contraction weight. The shrinkage strength coefficient of the feed term during the local calibration stage has a value range of [value range missing]. ; Execution speed The spindle speed, after local calibration, is sent to the CNC machine tool and its value is within a closed range. Internal; center rotation speed The center value of the rotational speed in the candidate machining parameter combination output in step two is located within a closed interval. Inside; lower boundary of rotational speed Step 1 establishes the minimum allowable spindle speed for the current feature region, with a value greater than 0; speed contraction weight. The shrinkage strength coefficient for the rotational speed term during the local calibration phase has a range of values. ; Execute depth The cutting depth sent to the CNC machine tool after local calibration is within a closed interval. ; center depth The center value of the depth of cut in the candidate machining parameter combination output in step two is located in a closed interval. Inner; lower boundary of incision depth Step 1 establishes the minimum allowable cutting depth for the current feature region, with a value greater than 0; cutting depth shrinkage weight. The shrinkage strength coefficient for the depth of cut during the local calibration stage has a range of values. ; calibrate shrinkage coefficient The degree of contraction is obtained by mapping the quality risk index of the feature region, with a value range of [value range missing]. ; After calculating the feed rate, rotational speed, and depth of cut, the edge control terminal does not immediately issue all the parameters. Instead, it first coordinates with the current toolpath organization. If the current feature area label is a weak opening area, the system prioritizes dividing the same continuous toolpath into multiple short segments and inserts a stable segment between the short segments for checking. If the current feature area label is a hole precision area, the system keeps the main toolpath direction unchanged and only shortens the hole approach segment and the tool retraction buffer segment. If the current feature area label is a load-bearing sliding contact area, the system maintains the continuity of the main surface segment and only mitigates the end overlap segment and the return turning point. The resulting execution parameter package contains not only numerical parameters but also toolpath adjustment commands corresponding to the current feature area label.

[0068] Furthermore, local calibration no longer simply involves reducing parameters, but integrates parameter shrinkage and toolpath re-integration into the same execution parameter package, ensuring that numerical changes are consistent with geometric path changes.

[0069] In a representative implementation, when the edge control terminal processes the finishing stage of the sliding contact surface, it first selects the set of center parameters most adjacent to the current tool position from the candidate machining parameter combinations, and then loads the weight set that carries the sliding contact area according to the current feature area label. After the system calculates the execution feed, execution speed, and execution depth of cut, it finds that the tool is about to enter the end overlap area of ​​the contact surface. Therefore, it rewrites the original continuous tool path into the sequence of main segment - release segment - end overlap segment, and includes the end overlap segment in a separate execution parameter sub-package.

[0070] When the quality risk index of a feature area exceeds the degradation threshold, and the current feature area simultaneously exhibits at least one enhanced symptom such as a surge in vibration peak, a sudden increase in following error, or a continuous rise in temperature, the edge control terminal no longer relies solely on local calibration to maintain the current rhythm but enters a feature-specific degradation stage. At this point, the system first determines whether the isolation threshold has been reached. If the isolation threshold has not yet been reached, the edge control terminal performs a first-level degradation on the current feature area: further compressing the depth of cut, shortening the continuous toolpath length, extending the stabilization section check time, and transferring minor allowances that do not affect clamping balance in the current process to subsequent supplementary cutting sections. If the isolation threshold has already been reached, the edge control terminal performs a second-level degradation on the current feature area: pausing the continuous forming of the current feature area and jumping to a non-sensitive feature area on the same workpiece or a low-sensitivity transition section within this feature area. After the spindle, fixture, and workpiece's local state recovers, the original path is resumed based on the saved execution parameter package. This degradation action neither simply terminates processing nor forcibly cuts with risk; instead, it temporarily removes the current feature area from the continuous cutting chain and then resumes it while preserving the context.

[0071] For weak opening areas, the first-level degradation prioritizes reducing the depth of cut and cutting off the continuous excitation of long paths, while the second-level degradation prioritizes jumping to the transition section near the opening but with higher stiffness. For hole precision areas, the first-level degradation prioritizes maintaining a stable spindle speed and gradually releasing the feed, while the second-level degradation prioritizes exiting the hole boundary section and waiting for tool status checks before resuming cutting. For load-bearing sliding contact areas, the first-level degradation prioritizes keeping the main surface direction unchanged while reducing the end overlap load, while the second-level degradation prioritizes retaining the last surface forming action and moving the pre-cleaning and transition trimming to the subsequent finishing stage. The edge control terminal simultaneously maintains the original process plan or makes only minor adjustments to other non-sensitive feature areas, thereby preventing local anomalies from spreading to a uniform deceleration of the entire workpiece.

[0072] In one implementation, when the weak area of ​​the fork head opening reaches near the root of both arms, the vibration peak continuously rises, and the feature area quality risk index exceeds the degradation threshold. The edge control terminal first performs a first-level degradation, compressing the current cutting depth to a lower level after calibration and splitting the continuous tool movement into two short strokes. Subsequently, the system continues to observe that the vibration peak has not fallen back, and the risk index is approaching the isolation threshold, so it changes to a second-level degradation: the tool exits the current root short segment and instead processes the transition surface on the same workpiece that has been determined to be low-sensitivity. After the fixture and workpiece recover stability, the saved execution parameter package is called to return to the original position to continue cutting. On-site, it can be directly seen that the tool has not left the workstation, and the operator is not required to reinstall the fixture, but completes the current process in a controlled bypass manner. Furthermore, step three limits the handling of extreme working conditions to the current feature area, which protects the local high-sensitivity area and maintains the continuity of the overall workpiece processing plan; at the same time, by retaining the context and continuing, it avoids losing the regional semantics and parameter boundaries established in the first two steps due to simple machine stop.

[0073] In use, the edge control terminal converges the candidate machining parameter combinations given in step two into an execution parameter package that matches the current feature area label, enabling parameter contraction, toolpath reshaping, and allowance transfer to be completed within the same control chain. Step three employs a segmented judgment method using calibration thresholds, degradation thresholds, and isolation thresholds, allowing the weak opening area, hole system precision area, and load-bearing slip contact area to enter different local treatment channels along their respective instability paths, thereby preventing the entire workpiece from being suppressed by the same action.

[0074] Step four: Convert the execution parameter package formed in step three into machining instructions that can be directly executed by the CNC machine tool. After machining, based on the measurement values ​​under the corresponding current feature area label, perform targeted corrections on the quality target set and parameter allowable domains, and then write the correction results back to the process base that can be called in subsequent processes and batches. This process is mainly executed by the edge control terminal, with the CNC machine tool, in-machine probe, inter-process measurement station, and manufacturing execution terminal working together to complete the task.

[0075] If the results after execution are not accurately quantified and written back to the original feature area labeling system, then the regional semantics, parameter boundaries, and degradation experience formed in the previous three steps will remain in a one-time use state, unable to constrain subsequent processes of the same workpiece, nor can they be inherited by subsequent batches of the same structure family. The manufacturing scenario of key components of slider-type universal joints has obvious chain characteristics. The inner hole of the fork head, the root of the opening, and the load-bearing sliding contact surface are often completed under different stations, different tools, and different clamping directions. A slight offset left at one station will be amplified in subsequent stations.

[0076] Step four therefore undertakes the closed-loop task of moving from the execution action to the inheritable result, that is, using the current feature area label as an index, reattaching the actual forming state after each processing to the original quality target set and parameter allowable domain.

[0077] After a CNC machine tool completes a current feature area, the operator sees the tool leaving, the spindle decelerating, the probe entering, or the workpiece being transferred. However, the system internally needs to translate these actions into clear process results: whether the current execution parameter package is fully implemented, whether the downgraded state is lifted, whether the continuation position is zeroed, and in which range the hole system error, surface roughness, and contour error fall. Only by writing these results into data objects of the same origin as the current feature area label can subsequent processes avoid mistakenly attributing boundary segment problems to the main body segment, and avoid misinterpreting local springback in the weak opening area as overall inaccuracy in the hole system accuracy area.

[0078] Step four follows a single-chain processing logic: execution parameter package issuance and status confirmation, measurement value repositioning and result judgment, correction result write-back, and subsequent calls. The edge control terminal first issues the final machining instruction to the CNC machine tool based on the current feature area label, execution parameter package, degradation status, and continuation position provided in step three. After the machine tool sends a completion signal, it locks the feature area range corresponding to this machining operation. Subsequently, the in-machine probe or inter-process measurement station measures the newly completed current feature area. The edge control terminal repositions the measurement value according to the same current feature area label, disallowing cross-area mixing. Then, the edge control terminal converts the repositioned measurement value into a measurement deviation, and accordingly corrects the quality target set weights in step one and the parameter allowable domain boundaries of continuous calls in steps one and two. Finally, it writes the correction result, along with the current feature area label, process number, tool number, and clamping number, back to the manufacturing execution terminal.

[0079] When the edge control terminal enters step four, it first receives the current feature area label, execution parameter package, degraded status, and continuation position from step three. The execution parameter package includes at least the execution feed, execution speed, execution depth of cut, toolpath organization method, allowance allocation method, and continuation coordinates. The edge control terminal repackages these contents according to the current feature area label to form a machining instruction set that the CNC machine tool can directly recognize, and sends it to the CNC machine tool. After receiving the instruction, the CNC machine tool completes the machining in a predetermined order, and returns a completion signal to the edge control terminal. If the machining operation includes a continuation action in a degraded status, the edge control terminal simultaneously checks whether the continuation position has been cleared when receiving the completion signal to prevent the old continuation coordinates from being retained after a short machining segment is completed, thus contaminating the starting point of the next current feature area.

[0080] In one embodiment, the edge control terminal sends an execution parameter package to the boring station machining the precision area of ​​the hole system of the fork head component. This package includes the execution feed for the main section of the hole wall, the slow-release feed for the hole boundary section, the spindle speed, the depth of cut, and the tool retraction buffer path. After the CNC machine tool executes the machining instruction set, it returns spindle zeroing, tool retraction, and process completion signals to the edge control terminal. The edge control terminal then encapsulates this machining operation into a result object. The result object includes the current feature area label, process number, tool number, clamping number, and the version of the execution parameter package that was just implemented. This ensures that subsequent measurement values ​​have a unique reference point, preventing the confusion of measuring results without knowing which machining segment they belong to.

[0081] To maintain the continuity of the object chain, the edge control terminal also writes the degradation status from step three as a status field when encapsulating the result object. If the current feature region has entered level one degradation, the status field is marked as completed after level one degradation; if it has entered level two degradation and completed detour continuation, the status field is marked as completed after level two degradation; if it has never degraded, the status field is marked as completed normally. In this way, subsequent correction actions can distinguish whether the measurement deviation comes from normal continuous processing or from compensation processing after degradation continuation.

[0082] After receiving the completion signal from the CNC machine tool, the edge control terminal calls the in-machine probe or inter-process measurement station according to the measurement configuration of the current process. If the current process has an in-machine probe, the edge control terminal sends the measurement path to the in-machine probe and acquires the hole system error, surface roughness proxy, or contour error while keeping the clamp in place. If the current process uses an inter-process measurement station, the edge control terminal sends a transfer command to the transfer unit. After the workpiece enters the inter-process measurement station, the measurement value is returned by the inter-process measurement station. Regardless of the measurement subject, the edge control terminal uses the same current feature area label as the homing index and writes the measurement value into the previously encapsulated result object. For the hole system accuracy area, the measurement value is preferentially assigned to the main hole wall section and the hole opening boundary section; for the load-bearing sliding contact area, the measurement value is preferentially assigned to the main surface section, the end overlap section, and the return turning point; for the opening weak area, the measurement value is preferentially assigned to the short section at the root of the two arms and the opening edge transition section.

[0083] The edge control terminal then transcribes the homed measurement values ​​into measurement deviations. For the hole system accuracy zone, the hole system error is primarily used to measure the deviation. For the load-bearing sliding contact area, surface roughness measurement is the primary method to measure the deviation. Deviation from contour error measurement For weak areas with openings, the deviation is measured using contour error. The deviation from the measurement of the relationship with adjacent reference points constitutes the main line for result determination.

[0084] To establish a unified correction entry point, the edge control terminal constructs a feature region measurement correction degree. Its expression is:

[0085] Among them, feature region measurement correction degree The overall correction intensity of the current feature region after this processing, with a value range of [value range missing]. The larger the value, the stronger the influence of the measured value on subsequent boundary correction; the deviation of the hole system error measurement. The pore system error represents the degree of normalization deviation from the target pore system relationship in the current feature region, with a value range of [value range missing]. Surface roughness measurement deviation : The degree of normalization deviation of surface roughness relative to the current target surface state in the feature region, with a value range of . ; Contour error measurement deviation : The degree of deviation of the contour error from the normalized relationship of the target contour in the current feature region, with a value range of . ; pore system contribution coefficient The correction contribution of the hole system error measurement deviation in the current feature region, with a value range of [value range missing]. Roughness contribution coefficient : The correction contribution of the surface roughness measurement deviation in the current feature region, with a value range of . ; Contour Contribution Coefficient : The correction contribution of the contour error measurement deviation in the current feature region, with a value range of . ; In a representative implementation, after the surface formation of the fork head bearing sliding contact area is completed, the edge control terminal first calls the in-machine probe to perform contour detection on the end overlap section, and then the inter-process measurement station supplements the surface roughness measurement. The system classifies both types of measurement values ​​into the end overlap section record under the same current feature area label, and then forms the feature area measurement correction. In this way, measurement results from different sources are merged into a single correction entry, and subsequent processes do not need to independently determine which one is more worthy of priority reference.

[0086] Once the feature area measurement correction is established, the edge control terminal enters the correction phase.

[0087] The correction action consists of two parallel but co-originating chains: the first chain corrects the weight relationships in the quality target set, and the second chain corrects the boundaries in the parameter allowable domain. If the current feature area is a hole system accuracy area, the edge control terminal prioritizes increasing the weight of the hole system relationship in the quality target set and moderately compresses the upper boundary of feed and the upper boundary of depth of cut; if the current feature area is a load-bearing sliding contact area, the edge control terminal prioritizes increasing the weight of the surface state and contour relationship in the quality target set and moderately compresses the upper boundary of rotational speed and the upper boundary of feed; if the current feature area is an opening weak area, the edge control terminal prioritizes increasing the weight of contour maintenance in the quality target set and significantly compresses the upper boundary of depth of cut and the continuous toolpath length boundary.

[0088] Furthermore, the edge control terminal updates the parameter allowable domain and the current feature region weights using the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, the upper boundary of the corrected feed The upper boundary of the feed after writing back takes values ​​within the closed interval. Original feed upper boundary Step 1 establishes the upper feed boundary, which is continuously invoked by Step 2; execute the feed. : Feed values ​​issued and executed in step three; feed correction factor The measurement results show the shrinkage strength at the upper boundary of the feed, with a value range of [range missing]. Corrected upper boundary of rotational speed The upper boundary of the spindle speed after writing back, with values ​​within a closed interval. ; original speed upper boundary Step 1 establishes the upper boundary of the rotational speed, which is continuously invoked by Step 2. Execution speed Step 3: Spindle speed issued and executed; speed correction factor. The measurement results show the contraction strength at the upper boundary of the rotational speed, with a value range of [value range missing]. Corrected upper boundary of cutting depth The upper boundary of the tangent depth after writing back, with values ​​located within the closed interval. ; Upper boundary of the original cutting depth Step 1 establishes the upper boundary of the cutting depth, which is continuously invoked in Step 2; Execute the cutting depth. Step 3: The cutting depth value that has been issued and executed; Cut depth correction factor The measurement results show the shrinkage strength at the upper boundary of the cut depth, with a value range of [range missing]. Corrected current feature region weights The weights of the quality target set after writing back, with a value range of [value range missing]. Original current feature region weights The original weight of the current feature region in the quality target set, with a value range of [value range missing]. Weighting adjustment coefficient The strength of the increase in the weight of the quality target set by the measurement results, with a value range of [value range missing]. ; Feature region measurement correction The current comprehensive measurement results of the feature area influence the intensity of the corrective action, with a value range of [value range missing]. ; After the edge control terminal completes the correction, it writes the corrected upper boundaries of feed, rotation speed, and depth of cut, along with the current feature area weights, and the current feature area label, process number, tool number, clamping number, degradation status, and measurement timestamp back to the manufacturing execution terminal. When the next process is called, the edge control terminal no longer reads the old boundaries but directly calls the newly written boundaries. If subsequent batches belong to the same structure family and have the same material state, tool type, and clamping method, the new boundaries are preferentially inherited as the initial boundaries. If subsequent batches have different material states or clamping methods, the system retains the same current feature area label but only inherits the weight correction results, not directly inheriting all parameter allowable domain boundaries. In this way, the feedback in step four is both continuous and avoids erroneous migration across working condition boundaries.

[0091] In another implementation, the current process does not have an in-machine probe; measurement is performed solely by the inter-process measurement station. Before workpiece transfer, the edge control terminal sends the result object along with the workpiece number to the inter-process measurement station. After the inter-process measurement station completes the measurement, it returns the measured value along with the current feature area label. The edge control terminal performs corrections using the same formula and writes the new boundary back to the manufacturing execution terminal. Therefore, step four does not rely on a single measurement hardware; trigger-type probes, scanning probes, pneumatic gauges, and measuring devices with equivalent functions can all perform the corresponding actions. As long as the ultimately returned data still belongs to the same current feature area label, the subsequent correction chain remains complete.

[0092] Through step four above, the edge control terminal truly implements the execution parameter package formed in step three into processing instructions, and accurately assigns the processed measurement values ​​according to the current feature area label, thereby ensuring that the results are consistent with the semantics of the original region. The feature area measurement correction degree is used to converge hole system errors, surface roughness, and contour errors into a single correction entry point, and then the weights of the quality target set and the parameter allowable domain boundaries are simultaneously corrected, so that the next process and subsequent batches can inherit the process base corrected by the results.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0096] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0097] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent optimization of machining parameters of key components of a slider-type universal joint, characterized in that: include: Acquire the 3D model, material information, process route, target tolerance and surface quality index of the key components of the slider universal joint to be processed, as well as the basic status data of the machine tool, identify key feature areas and establish feature area label set, quality target set and parameter allowable domain; Based on the current feature region label corresponding to the current location, obtain the processing status data and generate the feature region quality risk index by combining it with the current process status, and generate candidate processing parameter combinations within the corresponding parameter allowable domain. When the quality risk index of the feature area meets the calibration or downgrade conditions, the candidate machining parameter combination is calibrated or downgraded only for the current feature area, forming an execution parameter package and outputting it to the CNC machine tool. Obtain the measured values ​​after processing, and adjust at least one of the weights and parameter allowable fields of the quality target set based on the measured values ​​for use in subsequent processes or batches.

2. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key feature areas include the weak opening area, the hole system precision area, and the load-bearing slip contact area; establish a feature area label set, including determining the main body segment, boundary segment, and adjacent transition segment of each key feature area based on the 3D model, process route, and target tolerance, and associating each key feature area with the corresponding quality target set and parameter allowable domain, so as to determine the current feature area label according to the current position.

3. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: Establish a set of quality targets and parameter allowable domains, including reading the feed boundary, speed boundary, depth of cut boundary and toolpath organization boundary corresponding to each key feature area from the preset rule base according to the key feature area, material information, process route and machine tool basic status data, and establishing the association between the feed boundary, speed boundary and depth of cut boundary and the corresponding target tolerance and surface quality index.

4. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The machining status data includes spindle load, following error, vibration, temperature, tool status, and position data; the feature area quality risk index is generated by acquiring machining status data within the sampling window corresponding to the current feature area label, and combining the machining status data with the current process status to perform risk fusion and repositioning, so as to form the feature area quality risk index corresponding to the current feature area label.

5. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: Generate candidate machining parameter combinations, including determining the center parameter within the parameter allowable range based on the feature area quality risk index, and generating candidate machining parameter combinations consisting of feed rate, spindle speed and depth of cut around the center parameter; The candidate machining parameter combinations also correspond to the current feature area label and the current process status, and are filtered by the parameter allowable domain and toolpath organization boundary.

6. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calibration process includes shrinking the candidate machining parameter combination corresponding to the current feature area label only when the feature area quality risk index meets the calibration conditions, and simultaneously adjusting the toolpath organization and margin allocation method corresponding to the current feature area label to form an execution parameter package corresponding to the current feature area label, and keeping the execution parameter package within the parameter allowable range.

7. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 6, characterized in that: Degradation includes, when the quality risk index of the feature area meets the degradation conditions, performing depth of cut reduction and continuous toolpath length shortening in the weak opening area, and performing feed reduction and hole boundary section shortening in the hole system accuracy area; The feed and rotation speed are coordinated to shrink the bearing sliding contact area and the end overlap section is made into an independent segment, while keeping the parameter allowable range of other key feature areas unchanged.

8. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 7, characterized in that: The measured values ​​include hole system error, surface roughness, and contour error; the measured values ​​after processing are obtained, including the measured values ​​corresponding to the current feature area label obtained through in-machine measurement, and the measured values ​​are classified into the result objects corresponding to the current feature area label according to the main body segment, boundary segment, transition segment, and end overlap segment, so as to correct the quality target set and parameter allowable range.

9. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 8, characterized in that: The weights of the quality target set and the feed boundary, speed boundary and depth of cut boundary in the parameter allowable domain are corrected based on the measured values. This includes forming the measurement deviation corresponding to the current feature area label based on the measured values, and correcting the weights of hole system relationship, surface state, contour preservation and shape preservation in the quality target set, as well as the feed boundary, speed boundary and depth of cut boundary in the parameter allowable domain, based on the measurement deviation.

10. The intelligent optimization method for key component processing parameters according to claim 9, characterized in that: This allows subsequent processes or batches to access the modified quality target set, parameter allowable fields, current feature area labels, process number, tool number, and clamping number. Under the same structure family, material state, tool type, and clamping method, it serves as the basis for subsequent processes to access the quality target set and parameter allowable fields, as well as for subsequent batches to establish the quality target set and parameter allowable fields.

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