Intelligent ventilation control system for granary

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of granary intelligent ventilation control systems, it includes successively connected feed conveying system, impurity cleaning system and granary storage temperature measurement system, the feed conveying system includes unloading pit, scraper machine one, elevator one, scraper machine two and elevator two in turn along material transport direction, the granary storage temperature measurement system includes granary, the inside of the granary is provided with temperature measurement component, ventilation component and exhaust component respectively, the granary intelligent ventilation control system, through the temperature measurement cable of positioning shell and buffer component with belt, realizes the real grain temperature collection without interruption, simultaneously, using the anti-backflow gate in lateral air supply pipe and reset spring linkage, overcome the lateral pressure of grain heap and eliminate grain backflow, secondly, cooperate with the spatial correspondence relationship of external interlayer, multilayer radial air supply branch pipe and top independent exhaust cavity, realize temperature measurement, air supply, exhaust in the accurate linkage target cooling on area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain storage management technology, specifically to an intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses. Background Technology

[0002] During grain storage, the accumulation of heat and moisture inside the grain pile is the main cause of grain mold and quality deterioration. How to regulate the temperature and humidity of the grain pile through precise ventilation is a core issue in the industry.

[0003] The prior art patent document with publication number CN120276536A provides "a method and system for intelligent ventilation control of grain depot", which mainly uses temperature and humidity sensors inside and outside the warehouse to collect data and controls the start and stop of ventilation fans through a single threshold. The prior art patent document with publication number CN122195189A provides a "Smart Ventilation Control System and Method for Grain Depots Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning", which relies on AI algorithms combined with outdoor meteorological parameters to optimize the ventilation judgment logic.

[0004] However, existing technologies have the following main problems in practical application and hardware configuration: Existing grain condition sensing cables are usually directly suspended inside the warehouse, lacking physical positioning of the cable spatial path and anti-stretch protection structure. During the frequent rise and fall of the grain pile, the cable is very prone to horizontal deviation or even breakage due to fatigue. At the same time, invalid temperature probes in empty warehouses or shallow grain areas cannot be automatically shielded, resulting in distortion of the underlying judgment data. Meanwhile, existing electromechanical ventilation structures usually place the air outlet at the bottom of the grain silo. The air outlet is subjected to huge vertical gravity of the grain and compaction. The fan has to overcome great resistance to inject airflow into the grain pile. In addition, the traditional bottom vent is easily blocked by broken grain or dust. If the machine is stopped, it is easy for grain to backflow into the fan pipe. Cleaning and maintenance are extremely inconvenient. Secondly, existing technologies lack a region-by-region targeted ventilation and exhaust linkage structure based on spatial physical isolation. When a "hot spot" appears in a local area of ​​the grain warehouse, the system can only perform global ventilation. The airflow can easily escape through gaps with low resistance, and cannot form an effective directional penetrating convection to the hot spot, resulting in low ventilation efficiency and huge energy consumption. While the aforementioned patent document with publication number CN120276536A involves the start-stop logic of the fan, its hardware deployment relies solely on simple temperature and humidity sensors inside and outside the silo, without any material level sensing structure. This results in its inability to eliminate invalid temperature probes when the silo is empty or the grain level is shallow, and it also fails to sense the physical ventilation resistance caused by the pressure of the grain pile. Although the patent document with publication number CN122195189A introduces a deep reinforcement learning algorithm, its hardware foundation is still limited to temperature and humidity sensors and ventilation fans. It lacks consideration for the physical anti-blocking structure of the ventilation ducts inside the grain silo, as well as the mechanical structure of the regional targeted ventilation and exhaust linkage based on spatial isolation. This leads to an engineering disconnect between its AI algorithm and the underlying hardware in the dusty and stress-complex internal environment of a real grain silo. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems of easily damaged sensor cables, easy blockage in material conveying processes, and low ventilation efficiency due to the inability to physically partition and link ventilation areas, this invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses. Through a temperature measuring cable with a positioning protective shell and a buffer component, it achieves uninterrupted real grain temperature acquisition. At the same time, by using the anti-backflow gate and reset spring linkage in the side air supply pipe, it overcomes the side pressure of the grain pile and prevents grain backflow. Furthermore, by coordinating the spatial correspondence between the external interlayer, the multi-layer radial air supply branch pipes and the independent exhaust chamber at the top, it achieves precise linkage and targeted cooling of temperature measurement, air supply and exhaust in the area.

[0007] This invention provides the following technical solution: The intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage includes a feeding and conveying system, an impurity cleaning system, and a grain storage temperature measurement system connected in sequence. The feeding and conveying system includes, in sequence along the material transport direction, a discharge pit, a scraper conveyor 1, an elevator 1, a scraper conveyor 2, and an elevator 2. The grain storage temperature measurement system includes a grain silo, which includes a silo body, a conical top at the top of the silo body, and a conical bottom at the bottom of the silo body. An inlet is located on the outer side of the top of the silo body. An upper feed level device is located below the inlet within the inner cavity of the silo body. Multiple lower feed level devices are located on the outer side of the conical bottom. A discharge port is located at the center of the bottom of the conical bottom, and a discharge valve is located at the bottom of the discharge port. A radar probe is located at the top of the inner cavity of the conical top. Temperature measurement components are located on the side walls of the inner cavity of the silo body. A ventilation component is located at the center of the inner cavity of the silo body. An exhaust component is located at the top of the conical top. The temperature measuring assembly includes multiple temperature measuring cables, multiple temperature measuring probes, and multiple positioning protective shells disposed on the inner wall of the chamber. The multiple temperature measuring probes are arranged at intervals along the length of the temperature measuring cables on the outer circumference of the temperature measuring cables. A guide hole is provided at the top of the positioning protective shell, and the temperature measuring cables pass through the inside of the guide hole. A buffer assembly for absorbing tensile loads is provided at the top end of the temperature measuring cables. The ventilation assembly includes multiple ventilation branch pipes that pass through the inner wall of the silo and are arranged at an angle, a low-temperature exhaust pipe that passes through the inner side of the top of the silo, a ventilation shell that is set on the outer wall of the silo, and a blower located below the silo. The multiple ventilation branch pipes are distributed in a ring at intervals along the circumference of the inner wall of the silo, and the multiple ventilation branch pipes are arranged in multiple layers in the vertical direction of the silo, forming a multi-layered ring-shaped radial lateral air supply network. The air supply opening of each ventilation branch pipe faces the inside of the grain pile and is set at an angle downward. An electric air damper is set at the end of the ventilation branch pipe facing the ventilation shell. An electric exhaust damper is set at the end of the low-temperature exhaust pipe facing the ventilation shell. A tangential air duct is set on the outer side of the bottom of the ventilation shell. The tangential air duct is connected to the blower through an air transmission pipe set on the side end of the tangential air duct. The exhaust assembly includes multiple partitions that are arc-shaped and evenly distributed along the circumference at the top of the inner cavity of the cone, and multiple high-temperature exhaust pipes. Exhaust chambers corresponding to the positions of the ventilation branch pipes are formed between adjacent partitions. Multiple exhaust ports that communicate with each of the exhaust chambers and facilitate the installation of the high-temperature exhaust pipes are opened on the outer side of the cone. The bottom end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust through hole with a Venturi structure. The top end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe is provided with an electric exhaust damper II. The top of the electric exhaust damper II is provided with a bracket. A rain cover is provided above the bracket. The blower, the electric induced draft damper, the electric exhaust damper one and the electric exhaust damper two are all electrically connected to the external central control console. The blower and induced draft fan deliver external airflow to the interior of the ventilation shell through the air transmission pipe and the tangential induced draft pipe. When the temperature measuring component detects that the internal temperature of the grain silo is lower than the set threshold, the electric induced draft damper remains closed, and the electric exhaust damper one and the electric exhaust damper two open, allowing the airflow to circulate in the annular interlayer between the ventilation shell and the silo body, and to be discharged through the low temperature exhaust pipe and the high temperature exhaust pipe, respectively. When the temperature measuring component detects that the overall or local temperature inside the grain silo is greater than or equal to a set threshold, all the electric exhaust dampers are closed, and the electric induced draft dampers corresponding to the area requiring ventilation are opened, so that airflow flows into the corresponding ventilation branch pipe and enters the silo body for ventilation and cooling. The hot air inside the grain silo is discharged to the outside through the electric exhaust damper and the high-temperature exhaust pipe.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the bottom end of the temperature measuring cable is fitted with a connecting end, and a positioning ring is passed through the bottom of the connecting end, the positioning ring being located on the inner circumferential wall of the cone bottom.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos of the present invention, the buffer assembly includes a load-bearing rope, an inverted U-shaped load-bearing frame located above the highest grain loading line of the grain silo, a pulley, and a buffer spring. Connecting plates are provided on the outer sides of both ends of the load-bearing frame. The connecting plates are located on the inner top of the silo body. The pulley is rotatably hinged to the inner top of the load-bearing frame. One end of the load-bearing rope passes around the top of the pulley and is fixedly connected to the temperature measuring cable.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the top of the buffer spring is integrally formed with a connecting hook, the other end of the load-bearing rope is provided with a connecting end two that connects to the connecting hook, and the bottom of the buffer spring is provided with a plurality of fixed hooks, which are disposed on the load-bearing frame.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the bottom end of the ventilation branch pipe is provided with a breathable protective cover, the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe is provided with a fixed gate plate, the bottom of the fixed gate plate is hinged with a movable gate plate that can rotate around its hinge point, the outer side of the movable gate plate is provided with a sealing ring, and the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe is provided with a positioning block that abuts against the movable gate plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the side end of the movable gate is provided with an inclined reset spring, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the bottom of each partition is deflected in the same direction, and an avoidance slope is provided on the inner bottom of the partition, which is located outside the beam avoidance area of ​​the radar probe.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the top of the bracket is integrally formed with multiple support rods, the rain cover is disposed on the top of the support rods, and the bottom outer edge of the rain cover extends downward with an anti-backflow umbrella edge.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, the impurity cleaning system is located between the first elevator and the second scraper conveyor. The impurity cleaning system includes a support frame for supporting the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen, the suction separator, and the vibrating screen. The suction port of the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen and the suction port of the suction separator are connected to a cyclone separator and a pulse dust collector through a dust extraction fan.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention, a second support frame is provided on the outer side of the cone bottom.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses uses a positioning shell with guide holes to radially position the temperature measuring cable in space. The top buffer component absorbs the tensile load generated by the settlement of the grain pile, effectively preventing cable displacement and breakage. At the same time, combined with the upper and lower material level devices and radar probes, it can automatically eliminate probe data from invalid coverage areas, improve the accuracy of real temperature acquisition of grain, and thus ensure the data authenticity of the ventilation strategy. This intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage reconstructs the ventilation structure into a ventilation shell located on the outside of the storage body and multi-layer ventilation branch pipes that penetrate the side walls and slope downwards. This avoids the adverse effects of vertical heavy pressure from the grain at the bottom. At the end of the ventilation branch pipes, a hinged movable gate controlled by a return spring and a breathable protective cover are installed. The gate is opened automatically by the airflow pressure to overcome the spring force. When the machine stops, the spring quickly returns to its original position and, together with the outer sealing ring, forms a physical backflow prevention and leakage prevention barrier, which can effectively prevent grain leakage and dust backflow. It is reliable in operation and does not require frequent manual cleaning. This intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses spatially corresponds the ventilation branch pipes to the independent exhaust chambers separated by the arc-shaped partition at the top of the cone, forming a physical linkage closed loop of "measurement-sending-exhaust". When the temperature measurement in any area is abnormal, the external central control console simultaneously opens the electric induced draft damper of the corresponding area and the electric exhaust damper of the corresponding independent exhaust chamber, so that the airflow accurately penetrates the local heat stack and is quickly drawn away by the high-temperature exhaust pipe with the Venturi structure. This avoids airflow short-circuiting and energy waste in global ventilation and improves the targeting and energy efficiency of targeted cooling. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grain warehouse in the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature measuring component structure of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer component structure of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation component structure of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall structure of the ventilation branch pipe of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cone top of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust component structure of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cone-bottom structure of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the guide sleeve of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the permanent magnet and magnetic chuck of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Unloading pit; 2. Scraper conveyor 1; 3. Elevator 1; 4. Pulse dust collector; 5. Shaclolen; 6. Dust extraction fan; 7. Double-cylinder primary cleaning screen; 8. Suction separator; 9. Vibrating screen; 10. Support frame 1; 11. Scraper conveyor 2; 12. Elevator 2; 13. Grain bin; 14. Exhaust assembly; 15. Conical top; 16. Feed inlet; 17. Loading level device; 18. Bin body; 19. Ventilation assembly; 20. Conical bottom; 21. Temperature measuring assembly; 22. Buffer assembly; 23. Temperature measuring cable; 24. Positioning housing; 25. Temperature probe; 26. Connecting end 1; 27. Positioning ring; 28. Load-bearing rope; 29. ​​Connecting plate; 30. Load-bearing frame; 31. Pulley; 3 2. Connecting hook; 33. Buffer spring; 34. Fixed hook; 35. Ventilation housing; 36. Ventilation branch pipe; 37. Low temperature exhaust pipe; 38. Electric exhaust damper one; 39. Electric induced draft damper; 40. Tangential induced draft pipe; 41. Air transmission pipe; 42. Blower / induced draft fan; 43. Return spring; 44. Fixed gate plate; 45. Breathable protective cover; 46. Sealing ring; 47. Movable gate plate; 48. Positioning block; 49. Radar probe; 50. Exhaust port; 51. Avoidance ramp; 52. Partition plate; 53. Rain cover; 54. Bracket; 55. Electric exhaust damper two; 56. High temperature exhaust pipe; 57. Material leveler; 58. Support frame two; 59. Discharge valve; 60. Connecting end two. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0022] The orientation or positional relationship indicated in the terminology is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0023] The term "connection method" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] This invention provides an overall structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses, comprising: Please see Figures 1-11 The intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage in this embodiment includes a feeding and conveying system, an impurity cleaning system, and a grain storage temperature measurement system connected in sequence. The feeding and conveying system includes, in sequence along the material transport direction, a discharge pit 1, a scraper conveyor 2, an elevator 3, a scraper conveyor 11, and an elevator 12. The discharge pit 1 is a standard grain storage and unloading hopper in the prior art. The scraper conveyor 2 and the scraper conveyor 11 are both TGSS type buried scraper conveyors in the prior art, used for grain transfer. The elevator 3 and the elevator 12 are both TD type column bucket elevators in the prior art, used to vertically lift grain from a low place to a high place. The grain storage temperature measurement system includes a grain silo 13, which includes a silo body 18, a cone top 15 welded and fixed to the top of the silo body 18, and a cone bottom 20 welded and fixed to the bottom of the silo body 18. A feed inlet 16 is welded and assembled on the outer side of the top of the silo body 18. The inner cavity of the silo body 18 is connected to an upper level device 17 located below the feed inlet 16 via a flange. Multiple lower level devices 57 are connected to the outer side of the cone bottom 20 via a flange. The upper level device 17 and the lower level device 57 are both rotary paddle level switches in the prior art, which are distributed to detect the highest and lowest grain piles inside the grain silo 13, and are all connected to an external central control console. A discharge port is provided at the center of the bottom of the cone bottom 20. The bottom of the discharge port is connected to a discharge valve 59 via a flange. This is a pneumatic slide gate in the prior art and is electrically connected to an external central control console. The top of the inner cavity of the cone top 15 is connected to a radar probe 49 by bolts. This is existing technology and is used for non-contact measurement of grain pile height. For reference, please refer to the model: VEGA PS68 series. The inner cavity sidewall of the silo body 18 is equipped with a temperature measuring component 21. The center of the inner cavity of the silo body 18 is equipped with a ventilation component 19. The top of the cone top 15 is equipped with an exhaust component 14. The temperature measuring assembly 21 includes multiple temperature measuring cables 23, multiple temperature measuring probes 25, and multiple positioning protective shells 24 welded and fixed to the inner wall of the chamber 18. The temperature measuring cables 23 are existing technology and are used to accommodate the temperature measuring probes 25 and connect them to the external central control console wires. For reference, the model is WZPK series armored platinum resistance temperature measuring cable. The temperature probe 25 is existing technology, used to quickly respond to changes in internal temperature of the grain pile. For reference, model: Pt100 armored platinum resistance thermometer. The positioning housing 24 is a bracket with a porous surface, assembled from welded insulating aluminum alloy. Multiple temperature probes 25 are arranged at intervals along the length of the temperature measuring cable 23 on the outer circumference of the temperature measuring cable 23. A guide hole is provided at the top of the positioning housing 24, through which the temperature measuring cable 23 passes to achieve positioning and fixation of the temperature measuring cable 23, preventing the temperature measuring cable 23 from moving randomly. A buffer component 22 for absorbing tensile load is provided at the top of the temperature measuring cable 23. Example 1

[0026] A wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) guide sleeve is embedded inside the guide through hole of the positioning sheath 24. The top of the guide sleeve is shaped like a large-rounded flared mouth, and the bottom is arc-shaped. This reduces the friction of the temperature measuring cable 23 when it slides up and down, and reduces the sharp-angle shear force between the buffer cable and the metal sheath when the temperature measuring cable 23 tilts due to horizontal compression of the grain pile, thus extending the service life of the temperature measuring cable 23. (Reference) Figure 10 ; The ventilation assembly 19 includes multiple ventilation branch pipes 36 that are inserted through and welded to the inner wall of the chamber 18 and arranged at an angle, a low-temperature exhaust pipe 37 that is inserted through and welded to the inner side of the top of the chamber 18, a ventilation shell 35 that is fixed to the outer wall of the chamber 18 by bolts, and a blower 42 located below the chamber 18. Among them, the blower 42 is existing technology, and the model can be referenced as: centrifugal fan of type 4-72. It is used to provide air intake pressure for the entire ventilation assembly 19. Multiple ventilation branch pipes 36 are distributed in a ring-shaped interval along the inner wall of the silo 18, and the multiple ventilation branch pipes 36 are arranged in multiple layers in the vertical direction of the silo 18, forming a multi-layer ring-shaped radial lateral air supply network. The air supply opening of each ventilation branch pipe 36 faces the inside of the grain pile and is set at an angle downward. The specific angle between the axis of the ventilation branch pipe 36 and the vertical inner wall of the silo 18 is 45 degrees, allowing the grains to roll in naturally and facilitating lateral airflow. The end of the ventilation branch pipe 36 facing the ventilation housing 35 is connected to an electric induced draft damper 39 via a flange for induced draft inside the ventilation branch pipe 36. The end of the low temperature exhaust pipe 37 facing the ventilation housing 35 is connected to an electric exhaust damper 38 via a flange for exhausting hot air. Both the electric exhaust damper 38 and the electric induced draft damper 39 are electric ventilation butterfly valves in the prior art. For reference, please refer to model: D971X type electric wafer butterfly valve. A tangential air duct 40 is welded through the bottom outer side of the ventilation housing 35. The tangential air duct 40 is connected to the blower fan 42 via a transmission pipe 41 installed on the side end of the tangential air duct 40 through a flange. The exhaust assembly 14 includes multiple partitions 52 that are arc-shaped and evenly distributed along the circumference and welded to the top of the inner cavity of the cone 15, as well as multiple high-temperature exhaust pipes 56. Exhaust chambers corresponding to the positions of ventilation branch pipes 36 are formed between adjacent partitions 52, which facilitates the independent discharge of hot airflow in different zones. Multiple exhaust ports 50 are opened on the outer side of the cone 15, which are connected to each exhaust chamber and facilitate the welding and installation of the high-temperature exhaust pipes 56. The bottom end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 56 is provided with an exhaust through hole with a Venturi structure, which accelerates the airflow to generate a negative pressure ejection effect and effectively increases the suction force for extracting hot air. The top of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 56 is connected to an electric exhaust damper 55 via a flange. This is existing technology. For reference, please refer to the model: D971X electric wafer butterfly valve. It is used to control the opening and closing of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 56 and is responsible for exhausting the hot air in the chamber. The top of the electric exhaust damper 55 is connected to a bracket 54 via a flange. A rain cover 53 is installed above the bracket 54. The blower 42, electric induced draft damper 39, electric exhaust damper 38 and electric exhaust damper 55 are all electrically connected to the external central control console.

[0027] The blower 42 delivers external airflow to the inside of the ventilation shell 35 through the air transmission pipe 41 and the tangential air duct 40. When the temperature measuring component 21 detects that the internal temperature of the grain silo 13 is lower than the set threshold, the electric air damper 39 remains closed, and the electric exhaust damper 1 38 and the electric exhaust damper 2 55 open, so that the airflow flows in the annular interlayer between the ventilation shell 35 and the silo body 18, and is discharged through the low temperature exhaust pipe 37 and the high temperature exhaust pipe 56 respectively. Because the temperature measuring component 21 is equipped with multiple temperature measuring probes 25 along the circumferential and height directions of the inner wall of the silo 18, and the spatial position of each temperature measuring probe 25 forms a one-to-one zone coverage relationship with the ventilation branch pipe 36 in the circumferential direction, the temperature measuring component 21 can detect the overall or local temperature inside the grain silo 13. When the overall and local temperatures are greater than or equal to the set threshold, all electric exhaust dampers 38 are closed, and the electric induced draft dampers 39 corresponding to the area requiring ventilation are opened to prevent air leakage and ensure that the airflow is concentrated for the ventilation branch pipe 36, so that the airflow flows into the corresponding ventilation branch pipe 36 and enters the silo 18 for ventilation and cooling. Specifically, the central control console integrates a programmable logic controller (PLC). During operation, when grain is fed into the grain silo 13, the upper material level device 17 and the lower material level device 57 send material level trigger signals to the central control console. At the same time, the radar probe 49 in the silo 18 feeds back continuous ranging signals to the central control console. The temperature measuring cable 23 of the temperature measuring component 21 transmits the temperature values ​​detected by each temperature measuring probe 25 arranged along the height direction to the central control console in real time. After receiving all the above signals, the central control console first automatically removes invalid temperature data from temperature probes 25 located above the current grain surface and not covered by grain, based on the grain pile spatial position and height data fed back by the upper material level device 17, the lower material level device 57, and the radar probe 49. Subsequently, the central control console collects and compares the actual grain temperature of the temperature probes 25 located inside the effective grain layer. When it is determined that the temperature reaches or exceeds the preset ventilation threshold, the central control console immediately issues a linkage control command to trigger the actuators (i.e., electric induced draft damper 39 and electric exhaust damper 55) of the ventilation component 19 and exhaust component 14 in the corresponding area to act synchronously, thereby achieving targeted and precise ventilation and cooling of the high-temperature area. When the temperature data emitted by all temperature probes 25 reaches or exceeds the preset ventilation threshold, the central control console immediately issues a linkage control command to trigger the actuators of the ventilation components 19 and exhaust components 14 in all areas to operate synchronously, thereby achieving comprehensive ventilation and cooling inside the grain silo 13. Ultimately, through the fusion processing of the above-mentioned ranging and temperature measurement signals, the intelligent automatic control objective of "identifying heat points and physically isolating and supplying air to different areas" is achieved. When the air pressure inside the ventilation branch pipe 36 is sufficient, the air pressure overcomes the elastic tension of the return spring 43 and pushes open the movable gate 47. At the same time, considering the ventilation stability, the user can gradually increase the power of the blower fan 42 during the process, thereby increasing the introduced air pressure inside the ventilation housing 35 to ensure that the movable gate 47 opens stably for ventilation. Finally, the hot air inside the grain silo 13 is discharged to the outside through the electric exhaust gate 55 and the high-temperature exhaust pipe 56. It should be noted that the external central control console also contains an editable chip. The preset threshold in the editable chip, which is the opening temperature threshold (i.e. the set threshold) of the electric air damper 39, is an adjustable parameter that can be preset according to the type of grain stored in the grain silo and the local climate and season. The commonly used set temperature range is 20℃ to 28℃. When the grain temperature fed back by the temperature measuring component in a certain area exceeds the set threshold, the linkage ventilation mechanism of this scheme is triggered.

[0028] It is worth noting that, in order to improve the flexibility and anti-tangling reliability of the positioning ring on the bottom temperature measuring cable 23, the bottom end of the temperature measuring cable 23 is specifically crimped and fixed with a connecting end 26, which is the existing technology, that is, a metal crimp connector with a closed hanging ring in the center. The bottom of the connecting end 26 is provided with a positioning ring 27, which is a high-strength aramid insulating rope. Its ends are locked together by stainless steel buckles to form a circular closed loop, which is used to prevent the bottom of the temperature measuring cable 23 from tangling and knotting. The positioning ring 27 is located on the inner circumference of the cone bottom 20.

[0029] Next, in order to ensure that the temperature measuring cable 23 can reliably absorb the tensile load and automatically reset when the grain pile settles, the buffer assembly 22 specifically includes a load-bearing rope 28, an inverted U-shaped load-bearing frame 30 located above the highest grain loading line of the grain silo 13, a pulley 31, and a buffer spring 33. Among them, the buffer spring 33 is a high-strength alloy steel tension spring in the prior art, which is used to provide a buffer stroke to absorb the downward pull of the grain pile and has a restoring ability; Both ends of the load-bearing frame 30 are welded and fixed with connecting plates 29. The connecting plates 29 are anchored to the top inner side of the silo body 18 by bolts. The pulley 31 is rotatably hinged to the top inner side of the load-bearing frame 30 by a pin. Specifically, it is a stainless steel directional pulley with a metal groove on the outside and an oil-impregnated bearing inside, which is used to change sliding friction into rolling friction. One end of the load-bearing rope 28 passes around the top of the pulley 31 and is fixedly connected to the temperature measuring cable 23 by end clamping.

[0030] Meanwhile, in order to improve the stress reliability and ease of disassembly and assembly of the end connection structure of the buffer spring 33, specifically, the top of the buffer spring 33 is integrally formed with a connecting hook 32, and the other end of the load-bearing rope 28 is crimped and fixed with a connecting end 60 that is connected to the connecting hook 32 by means of a shackle. This is the prior art, namely a metal crimp connector. Its overall shape is a cylindrical metal connector with an open top, and the bottom is integrally formed with a rectangular connecting plate with a hole in the center. The bottom of the buffer spring 33 is hung with multiple fixing hooks 34, which are stainless steel welded hanging ears in the prior art. The multiple fixing hooks 34 are fixed to the load-bearing frame 30 by full welding, which facilitates the purpose of stabilizing and fixing the buffer spring 33.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to ensure the ventilation branch pipe 36’s breathability and backflow prevention sealing performance when it is not in operation, specifically, the bottom end of the ventilation branch pipe 36 is connected to a breathable protective cover 45 by bolts. This is a porous metal filter screen with a stainless steel metal ring at the end and a grid-shaped reinforcing rib inside, which is used to prevent the grain grains on the outside from directly impacting the fixed gate plate 44 and the movable gate plate 47, and to avoid blocking the exhaust port of the ventilation branch pipe 36. A fixed gate plate 44 is welded and fixed to the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe 36. The bottom of the fixed gate plate 44 is hinged to a movable gate plate 47 that can rotate around its hinge point. The movable gate plate 47 is made of stainless steel semi-circular metal plate. A sealing ring 46 is bonded to the outer side of the movable gate plate 47. This is a wear-resistant and aging-resistant sealing ring with a lip in the prior art, which improves the anti-leakage performance of the movable gate plate when closed, and at the same time blocks the hinge point between the movable gate plate 47 and the fixed gate plate 44. The ventilation branch pipe 36 has a positioning block 48 welded and fixed on its inner side, which abuts against the movable gate 47. Specifically, it is a stainless steel limiting protrusion with a triangular longitudinal section, which is used to limit the maximum angle of the movable gate 47 to rotate inward, to prevent the sealing from failing due to excessive stretching of the return spring 43, and to ensure accurate reset every time.

[0032] It is worth noting that, in order to ensure that the movable gate 47 can quickly reset and close after the airflow disappears, a tilted reset spring 43 is specifically attached to the side end of the movable gate 47 through a perforated hook. Specifically, it is a high-quality stainless steel tension spring in the prior art, which is used to pull the movable gate 47 so that it automatically closes due to the rebound force of the reset spring 43 when there is no wind pressure. The other end of the reset spring 43 is connected to the inside of the ventilation branch pipe 36 through a perforated hook. Example 2

[0033] The inner edge of the movable gate 47 is provided with a permanent magnet block. At the same time, a magnetic chuck is provided at the corresponding position of the positioning block 48 and the movable gate 47, which is attracted to the opposite pole of the permanent magnet block. When the movable gate 47 is pushed open by wind pressure, the magnetic attraction is pulled open. When the wind pressure disappears and the movable gate 47 is closed in place by the pull of the return spring 43, the magnetic block and the magnetic chuck attract each other, forming an auxiliary physical locking force to prevent the movable gate 47 from loosening and leaking grain due to slight vibration.

[0034] Preferably, in order to eliminate the physical obstruction of the microwave beam of the radar probe 49 by the partition 52 and optimize the independent exhaust flow path, specifically, the bottom of each partition 52 is deflected in the same direction to form a curved surface with the same deflection direction, and the curved surface is used to guide the airflow to rise smoothly. The inner bottom of the partition 52 is provided with a clearance slope 51, which is a notch with a triangular cross section. The clearance slope 51 is located outside the beam clearance area of ​​the radar probe 49, thereby physically clearanceing the radar beam and eliminating obstruction. The beam clearance area specifically refers to the three-dimensional physical space area formed by extending downward from the cone top 15 along the maximum effective microwave beam angle of the radar level gauge, with the bottom center of the transmitting antenna of the radar probe 49 as the geometric vertex. This area is the main transmission channel for radar microwave signal transmission and reception. No metal structural components (such as partitions or support beams) are allowed to intrude into this conical space to avoid microwave signal reflection, diffraction, or blockage, which would cause distortion of the grain level detection data.

[0035] Meanwhile, in order to improve the backflow prevention and rainproof performance of the end of the high temperature exhaust pipe 56, specifically, the top of the bracket 54 is integrally formed with multiple support rods, and the rain cover 53 is welded and fixed to the top of the support rods; The bottom outer edge of the rain cover 53 extends downward with an anti-backflow umbrella edge to extend the intrusion path of rainwater, thereby isolating the lateral or backflow intrusion of rainwater. At the same time, it covers the electric exhaust damper 2 55 to reduce the impact of high temperature direct sunlight and rain. In addition, the electric exhaust damper 2 55 can be further protected by the user through the metal waterproof sealing box or rainproof louvers in the prior art.

[0036] Secondly, in order to achieve integrated installation and multi-layer support of each piece of equipment in the impurity cleaning system, specifically, the impurity cleaning system is located between the elevator 3 and the scraper conveyor 11. The impurity cleaning system includes a support frame 10 for supporting the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen 7, the suction separator 8, and the vibrating screen 9. Among them, the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen 7 is an existing technology that uses a rotating drum screen to remove large particle impurities. For reference, please refer to the model: SCY type cylindrical primary cleaning screen. The suction separator 8 is an existing technology that uses wind power to separate light impurities (chaff, shriveled grains) from the grain. The reference model is: TQSF type suction separator. Vibrating screen 9 is an existing technology that uses a vibrating motor to generate excitation force for particle size classification. For reference, please refer to the linear vibrating screen of the ZXC series. The suction port of the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen 7 and the suction port of the suction separator 8 are connected to a cyclone separator 5 and a pulse dust collector 4 via a dust collection fan 6. The dust collection fan 6 is a high-efficiency centrifugal fan of type 9-19 in the prior art, used to provide negative pressure suction power. The cyclone separator 5 is a cyclone separator in the prior art, and the reference model is CLP / B type cyclone dust collector. It is used to use centrifugal force to throw coarser dust and debris against the wall of the separator and then fall into the dust collection hopper. The pulse dust collector 4 is a prior art, and the reference model is MC-48 type pulse bag dust collector. It uses high-pressure airflow to reverse pulse dust cleaning.

[0037] Finally, to ensure the structural stability of the cone base 20 when bearing grain loads, the outer side of the cone base 20 is anchored to the inherent support frame 2 58 by bolts. Specifically, it is an independent frame composed of multiple angle steels or channel steels welded together to provide structural support and operating platform, and is finally anchored to the top of the foundation by bolts.

[0038] In addition, the circuits, electronic components and modules involved in this invention are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this invention does not involve any improvement to the internal structure and method. Combination Figures 1-11 The specific usage process of the intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses in this embodiment is as follows: 1. Standby and maintenance cycle: When the temperature measuring component 21 detects that the overall temperature inside the grain silo 13 is lower than the set threshold and no local high temperature alarm is triggered, the external blower 42 is in a low-speed standby state, while the electric air damper 39 remains fully closed, and the electric exhaust dampers 381 and 382 are opened, so that the airflow forms a low-pressure micro-circulation in the annular interlayer between the ventilation shell 35 and the silo body 18. After the external air enters the interlayer through the air transmission pipe 41 and the tangential air duct 40, it is discharged from the low-temperature exhaust pipe 37 and the high-temperature exhaust pipe 56 respectively to maintain the airflow inside the interlayer and avoid the interlayer from being stuffy and condensing. In this standby state, the movable gate 47 at the end of each lateral air supply branch pipe is pressed and fixed by the tension of the return spring 43, and the sealing ring 46 embedded in the outer ring of the movable gate 47 abuts against the inner side wall of the branch pipe to form a physical sealing structure, completely blocking the path of dust and grain in the grain silo 13 to flow back into the ventilation branch pipe 36, thereby achieving a low-power standby safe circulation. 2. Targeted cooling phase: When the temperature measuring component 21 detects that the temperature of a grain pile in a certain area inside the grain silo 13 has reached or exceeded the set threshold, the external central control console immediately sends a linkage signal, instructing all electric exhaust dampers 38 to close to prevent airflow leakage, and at the same time opening the electric induced draft damper 39 in the corresponding high-temperature area. The external blower fan 42 speeds up and delivers airflow through the tangential induced draft pipe 40 into the ventilation housing 35. Subsequently, the stable airflow flows into the lateral air supply branch pipe of the corresponding area. As the air pressure inside the branch pipe gradually increases, the airflow pressure overcomes the elastic tension of the return spring 43 and pushes the movable damper outward. The plate 47 flips open around the hinge axis, and the external cold air is blown smoothly into the grain pile through the ventilated protective cover 45 and the porous filter screen at the bottom of the branch pipe and from the inclined downward opening on the side wall of the silo 18. At the same time, the electric exhaust damper 38 at the cone top 15 and the corresponding independent exhaust chamber of the area are opened simultaneously. The cold air entering the grain pile carries the accumulated heat upward and penetrates the grain layer. It is guided into the corresponding exhaust chamber by the arc-shaped partition 52 and accelerated to be discharged to the outside environment through the Venturi structure at the bottom of the high-temperature exhaust pipe 56. During maintenance, only the ventilated protective cover 45 needs to be removed to clean the small amount of dust accumulated on the surface of the porous filter screen. 3. Cooling stop and reset stage: When the temperature measuring component 21 of the targeted ventilation area reports that the grain pile temperature has returned to below the set threshold, the external central control console sends a stop command. The electric induced draft damper 39 and electric exhaust damper 38 in the corresponding area immediately close, the blower fan 42 returns to the standby speed, and the air pressure inside the lateral air supply branch pipe is rapidly released. After losing air pressure support, the movable gate 47 is pulled by the return spring 43 and rotates in the opposite direction around the hinge axis to reset until the inner side of the movable gate 47 abuts against the positioning block 48. At the same time, the outer sealing ring 46 is pressed tight again to form a physical barrier to prevent backflow and leakage. Then the system returns to the standby state. The external central control console automatically records the execution log and temperature drop curve of this targeted ventilation as a data reference for subsequent optimization of ventilation strategies. If the grain silo 13 needs to be regularly inspected for dust prevention in the pipelines during long-term operation, the user only needs to disconnect the breathable protective cover 45 fixed at the end of the ventilation branch pipe 36 to perform the inspection and cleaning.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the disclosed embodiments can be combined with each other in any manner. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A grain warehouse intelligent ventilation control system, characterized in that, It includes a feeding and conveying system, an impurity cleaning system and a grain storage temperature measurement system connected in sequence. The feeding and conveying system includes, in sequence along the material transport direction, a discharge pit (1), a scraper conveyor (2), an elevator (3), a scraper conveyor (11) and an elevator (12). The grain storage temperature measurement system includes a grain silo (13), which includes a silo body (18), a cone top (15) at the top of the silo body (18), and a cone bottom (20) at the bottom of the silo body (18). A feed inlet (16) is provided on the outer side of the top of the silo body (18). An upper feed level device (17) is provided in the inner cavity of the silo body (18) below the feed inlet (16). Multiple lower feed level devices (57) are provided on the outer side of the cone bottom (20). A discharge port is provided at the center of the bottom of the cone bottom (20). A discharge valve (59) is provided at the bottom of the discharge port. A radar probe (49) is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the cone top (15). A temperature measurement component (21) is provided on the inner side wall of the silo body (18). A ventilation component (19) is provided at the center of the inner cavity of the silo body (18). An exhaust component (14) is provided at the top of the cone top (15). The temperature measuring component (21) includes multiple temperature measuring cables (23), multiple temperature measuring probes (25), and multiple positioning protective shells (24) disposed on the inner wall of the chamber (18). The multiple temperature measuring probes (25) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the temperature measuring cables (23) on the outer circumference of the temperature measuring cables (23). The top of the positioning protective shell (24) is provided with a guide through hole, and the temperature measuring cables (23) pass through the interior of the guide through hole. The top end of the temperature measuring cables (23) is provided with a buffer component (22) for absorbing tensile load. The ventilation assembly (19) includes multiple ventilation branch pipes (36) that pass through the inner wall of the chamber (18) and are arranged at an angle, a low-temperature exhaust pipe (37) that passes through the inner side of the top of the chamber (18), a ventilation shell (35) that is disposed on the outer wall of the chamber (18), and a blower (42) located below the chamber (18). The multiple ventilation branch pipes (36) are distributed in a ring-shaped interval along the circumference of the inner wall of the chamber (18), and the multiple ventilation branch pipes (36) are arranged in multiple layers in the vertical direction of the chamber (18), forming a multi-layered ring-shaped radial lateral ventilation system. The ventilation network has ventilation branch pipes (36) with their air supply openings facing the inside of the grain pile and inclined downwards. One end of each ventilation branch pipe (36) facing the ventilation shell (35) is equipped with an electric air damper (39), and one end of each low-temperature exhaust pipe (37) facing the ventilation shell (35) is equipped with an electric exhaust damper (38). A tangential air duct (40) is provided on the outer bottom of the ventilation shell (35). The tangential air duct (40) is connected to the blower fan (42) through an air transmission pipe (41) provided on the side of the tangential air duct (40). The exhaust assembly (14) includes multiple partitions (52) that are arc-shaped and evenly distributed along the circumference at the top of the inner cavity of the cone top (15) and multiple high-temperature exhaust pipes (56). An exhaust chamber corresponding to the position of the ventilation branch pipe (36) is formed between adjacent partitions (52). Multiple exhaust ports (50) communicating with each of the exhaust chambers and facilitating the installation of the high-temperature exhaust pipes (56) are provided on the outer side of the cone top (15). A venturi-structured exhaust through hole is provided at the bottom end of the high-temperature exhaust pipe (56). An electric exhaust damper (55) is provided at the top of the high-temperature exhaust pipe (56). A bracket (54) is provided at the top of the electric exhaust damper (55). A rain cover (53) is provided above the bracket (54). The blower (42), the electric induced draft damper (39), the electric exhaust damper one (38) and the electric exhaust damper two (55) are all electrically connected to the external central control console. The blower (42) delivers external airflow to the interior of the ventilation shell (35) through the air transmission pipe (41) and the tangential air duct (40). When the temperature measuring component (21) detects that the internal temperature of the grain silo (13) is lower than the set threshold, the electric air damper (39) remains closed, and the electric exhaust damper one (38) and the electric exhaust damper two (55) are opened, so that the airflow flows in the annular interlayer between the ventilation shell (35) and the silo body (18), and is discharged through the low temperature exhaust pipe (37) and the high temperature exhaust pipe (56) respectively. When the temperature measuring component (21) detects that the overall or local temperature inside the grain silo (13) is greater than or equal to the set threshold, all the electric exhaust dampers (38) are closed, and the electric induced draft dampers (39) corresponding to the area requiring ventilation are opened, so that the airflow flows into the corresponding ventilation branch pipe (36) and enters the silo body (18) for ventilation. The hot air inside the grain silo (13) is discharged to the outside through the electric exhaust damper (55) and the high temperature exhaust pipe (56).

2. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the temperature measuring cable (23) is fitted with a connecting end (26), and a positioning ring (27) is inserted through the bottom of the connecting end (26). The positioning ring (27) is located on the inner circumference of the cone bottom (20).

3. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer assembly (22) includes a load-bearing rope (28), an inverted U-shaped load-bearing frame (30) located above the highest grain loading line of the grain silo (13), a pulley (31), and a buffer spring (33). Both ends of the load-bearing frame (30) are provided with connecting plates (29). The connecting plates (29) are located on the inner top of the silo body (18). The pulley (31) is rotatably hinged to the inner top of the load-bearing frame (30). One end of the load-bearing rope (28) passes around the top of the pulley (31) and is fixedly connected to the temperature measuring cable (23).

4. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the buffer spring (33) is integrally formed with a connecting hook (32), and the other end of the load-bearing rope (28) is provided with a connecting end (60) connected to the connecting hook (32). The bottom of the buffer spring (33) is provided with multiple fixed hooks (34), and the multiple fixed hooks (34) are provided on the load-bearing frame (30).

5. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain storage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom end of the ventilation branch pipe (36) is provided with a breathable protective cover (45), the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe (36) is provided with a fixed gate (44), the bottom of the fixed gate (44) is hinged with a movable gate (47) that can rotate around its hinge point, the outer side of the movable gate (47) is provided with a sealing ring (46), and the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe (36) is provided with a positioning block (48) that abuts against the movable gate (47).

6. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable gate (47) is provided with an inclined reset spring (43) at one end, and the other end of the reset spring (43) is connected to the inner side of the ventilation branch pipe (36).

7. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of each partition (52) is deflected in the same direction, and an avoidance slope (51) is provided on the inner bottom of the partition (52). The avoidance slope (51) is located outside the beam avoidance area of ​​the radar probe (49).

8. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the bracket (54) is integrally formed with multiple support rods, and the rain cover (53) is set on the top of the support rods. The bottom outer edge of the rain cover (53) extends downward with an anti-backflow umbrella edge.

9. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos according to claim 8, characterized in that, The impurity cleaning system is located between the first elevator (3) and the second scraper conveyor (11). The impurity cleaning system includes a support frame (10) for supporting the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen (7), the suction separator (8), and the vibrating screen (9). The suction port of the double-cylinder primary cleaning screen (7) and the suction port of the suction separator (8) are connected to a cyclone separator (5) and a pulse dust collector (4) through a dust collector fan (6).

10. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support frame 2 (58) is provided on the outer side of the cone bottom (20).

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