Ground subsidence correction calculation method and related equipment considering water inrush and sand collapse chain disaster

Abstract

The application provides a water inrush and sand collapse chain disaster ground subsidence correction calculation method and related equipment. The method comprises the following steps: based on the obtained geological parameters, the direct subsidence amount of coal mining when water inrush and sand collapse does not occur is calculated; based on the obtained initial hydrological parameters and water inrush and sand collapse accident monitoring data, the consolidation subsidence amount caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence amount caused by sand loss are calculated; the direct subsidence amount of coal mining, the consolidation subsidence amount and the collapse subsidence amount are superposed to obtain the total ground subsidence amount. The embodiment of the application realizes the separation of the additional subsidence of the chain disaster and the normal mining subsidence. The probability integral method ensures that the benchmark of the direct subsidence amount of coal mining is reliable; the consolidation model independently separates the consolidation subsidence amount caused by water pressure drop; the concept of "equivalent mining thickness" is first proposed, the sand loss is converted into surface collapse, and the porosity is dynamically updated to reflect the physical property evolution in the whole disaster process, and the composite ground subsidence caused by water inrush and sand collapse is accurately quantified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a method and related equipment for correcting ground subsidence considering the chain reaction of water inrush and sand collapse disasters. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the probability integral method is widely used as the mainstream method in engineering practice for predicting surface subsidence in coal mining. This application, based on the theory of stochastic media, treats the movement of overlying strata as a stochastic process and calculates the geometric subsidence morphology of the surface above the goaf using parameters such as the maximum subsidence value, the main radius of influence, and the time influence function. Meanwhile, some studies introduce fluid-structure interaction models from groundwater dynamics and geotechnical mechanics, drawing on urban foundation pit dewatering theory to incorporate the dissipation of pore water pressure and the increase in effective stress caused by the descaling of Quaternary loose aquifers, attempting to superimpose water pressure consolidation subsidence on top of coal mining-induced subsidence. However, existing technologies all treat the Quaternary loose layer as a static medium experiencing only liquid phase loss, failing to consider the physical transport and loss of sediment particles accompanying the large influx of groundwater in water inrush and sand collapse accidents.

[0003] Traditional probabilistic integral methods completely ignore the additional deformation caused by water and sediment loss in loose layers under conditions of sudden water inrush and sand runoff, failing to characterize the dynamic lag and non-uniformity of settlement. Existing fluid-structure interaction models can only simulate soil compaction and consolidation caused by the dissipation of pore water pressure, and cannot quantify the new cavities formed within the loose layer after the physical loss of sediment and the secondary collapse deformation they cause, leading to inaccurate predictions of cascading disasters. Furthermore, in disaster attribution and ecological compensation assessment, existing technologies lack a mechanism to separate the additional settlement caused by sudden water inrush and sand runoff from normal mining settlement, making it difficult to quantitatively distinguish the additional damage liability caused by natural mining subsidence and engineering accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to propose a ground subsidence correction calculation method and related equipment that takes into account the disaster of sudden water and sand erosion chain.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a method for correcting ground subsidence considering the chain reaction of sudden water inrush and sand runoff disasters, including:

[0006] Based on the acquired geological parameters, the direct settlement of coal mining without water inrush and sand collapse is calculated. Based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water flow and sediment collapse accidents, the consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop and the collapse settlement caused by sediment loss are calculated. The total surface subsidence is calculated by superimposing the direct subsidence from coal mining, the consolidation subsidence, and the collapse subsidence.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the direct subsidence from coal mining is calculated using the following formula: ; in, Indicates coordinates and time Direct subsidence during coal mining under certain conditions. The maximum subsidence value is represented by D, the mining area is represented by r, and the radius of influence is represented by r. Represents the time effect function. This represents the coordinates of the differential mining unit within the mining area D.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the calculation of consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment breach accidents includes: Combining three-dimensional consolidation theory and the effective stress principle, a consolidation model driven by a sharp drop in groundwater is constructed based on the initial hydrological parameters and the monitoring data of the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident. The consolidation model is solved by finite element method, the vertical displacement component of the ground surface is extracted, and the consolidation settlement is calculated.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the consolidation model is expressed by the following equation: ; ; in, Indicates effective stress. Represents the Biot coefficient. Indicates pore water pressure, This indicates the density of saturated soil. Represents the gravitational acceleration vector. This indicates the density of water. Represents the permeability tensor. Indicates porosity. Indicates the dynamic viscosity of a fluid. Represents the vertical coordinate.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the calculation of the subsidence caused by sediment loss based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accidents includes: Based on the monitoring data of the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident, the total mass of lost sediment was obtained, and the total volume of lost sediment was calculated by combining the in-situ density of sediment. The total volume of lost sediment is allocated to the area affected by the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident, and a spatial distribution morphology function is introduced to calculate the equivalent mining thickness. The collapse settlement amount is calculated based on the equivalent thickness.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the equivalent thickness is calculated using the following formula: ; in, Indicates coordinates and time Equivalent thickness under the conditions, Indicates time The total volume of sediment lost under the given conditions Indicates the area affected by the sudden water and sand runoff accident. Functions representing spatial distribution patterns.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the collapse settlement is expressed by the following formula: ; in, Indicates coordinates and time The amount of collapse settlement under the given conditions, This represents the settling coefficient of the Quaternary loose layer in response to sediment loss. Indicates coordinates and time Equivalent thickness under the conditions, This indicates the dip angle of the layer where the loss occurs.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: dynamically updating the porosity during the calculation of the consolidation settlement and the collapse settlement; The dynamic update of the porosity is expressed by the following formula: ; in, Indicates time Porosity below Indicates the initial porosity. This represents the strain in the skeleton under compression due to the increase in effective stress. This indicates the volume of sediment lost within the unit. This indicates the total volume of the unit.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the ground subsidence correction calculation method considering the chain reaction of water inrush and sand erosion as described above.

[0015] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to execute any of the above-described methods for correcting ground subsidence considering sudden water inrush and sandstorm chain disasters.

[0016] As can be seen from the above, the ground subsidence correction calculation method and related equipment considering the chain reaction of water inrush and sand erosion provided in this application calculate the direct subsidence of coal mining when water inrush and sand erosion have not occurred, based on the acquired geological parameters; calculate the consolidation subsidence caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence caused by sediment loss, based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of water inrush and sand erosion accidents; and calculate the total surface subsidence by superimposing the direct subsidence of coal mining, the consolidation subsidence, and the collapse subsidence. The embodiments of this application calculate the direct subsidence of coal mining when water inrush and sand erosion have not occurred based on the acquired geological parameters, then calculate the consolidation subsidence caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence caused by sediment loss based on the initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of water inrush and sand erosion accidents, respectively, and finally superimpose the three to predict the total surface subsidence. This can separate the additional subsidence caused by water inrush and sand erosion chain reaction from the subsidence of normal mining, avoiding the defect of traditional methods that confuse total subsidence, and providing an independent and quantifiable data basis for disaster liability determination and ecological compensation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation method for ground subsidence correction considering sudden water inrush and sandstorm chain disasters in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device structure according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] It is understood that before using the technical solutions of the various embodiments in this application, users will be informed of the type, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in an appropriate manner, and user authorization will be obtained.

[0022] For example, upon receiving a user's active request, a prompt message is sent to the user to explicitly inform them that the requested operation will require the acquisition and use of the user's personal information. This allows the user to independently choose, based on the prompt message, whether to provide personal information to the software or hardware such as electronic devices, applications, servers, or storage media performing the operations described in this application.

[0023] As an optional but not limited implementation, in response to a user's active request, sending a prompt message to the user can be done via a pop-up window, where the prompt message can be presented in text format. Furthermore, the pop-up window can also include a selection control allowing the user to choose "agree" or "disagree" to provide personal information to the electronic device.

[0024] It is understood that the above notification and user authorization process is merely illustrative and does not limit the implementation of this application. Other methods that comply with relevant laws and regulations may also be applied to the implementation of this application.

[0025] As described in the background section, current predictions of surface subsidence in coal mining rely on probability integral methods that only consider the geometric subsidence of mined coal. Existing fluid-structure interaction models can only simulate compaction and consolidation caused by water pressure dissipation. Both treat the Quaternary loose layer as a static medium experiencing only liquid phase loss, neglecting the physical transport and loss of silt and solid particles during water inrush and sediment runoff. These technologies completely ignore the additional deformation caused by water and sediment loss, failing to characterize the dynamic lag and non-uniformity of subsidence. They also cannot quantify the newly formed cavities and secondary collapses caused by sediment loss, and lack a mechanism to separate cascading additional subsidence from normal mining subsidence. Consequently, it is difficult to quantitatively distinguish between natural mining subsidence and additional damage liability caused by accidents.

[0026] In light of the above considerations, this application proposes a method for correcting ground subsidence in the context of cascading water-and-sand-rush disasters. Based on acquired geological parameters, it calculates the direct subsidence from coal mining before a water-and-sand-rush disaster occurs. Based on acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of water-and-sand-rush accidents, it calculates the consolidation subsidence caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence caused by sediment loss. The direct subsidence from coal mining, the consolidation subsidence, and the collapse subsidence are then superimposed to calculate the total surface subsidence. This application calculates the direct subsidence from coal mining using acquired geological parameters, and then calculates the consolidation subsidence caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence caused by sediment loss based on initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of water-and-sand-rush accidents. The three are then superimposed to obtain the total surface subsidence, thus separating the subsidence caused by cascading disasters from the subsidence caused by normal mining. Among them, the probability integral method ensures the reliability of the benchmark for direct settlement in coal mining; the consolidation model independently separates the consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop; and the concept of "equivalent mining thickness" is proposed for the first time, which transforms sediment loss into surface collapse and dynamically updates porosity to reflect the physical property evolution of the entire disaster process, thereby accurately quantifying the complex ground subsidence caused by water inrush and sand collapse.

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below through specific examples.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 The ground subsidence correction calculation method considering sudden water inrush and sandstorm chain disasters in this application includes the following steps: For step S101, based on the acquired geological parameters, calculate the direct settlement of coal mining when no water inrush or sand collapse occurs; For step S102, based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water flow and sediment collapse accidents, the consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop and the collapse settlement caused by sediment loss are calculated. For step S103, the direct settlement from coal mining, the consolidation settlement, and the collapse settlement are superimposed to calculate the total surface settlement.

[0029] For step S101, based on the acquired geological parameters, the direct settlement of coal mining without water inrush and sand collapse is calculated.

[0030] In some embodiments, the direct subsidence from coal mining is calculated using the following formula: ; in, Indicates coordinates and time Direct subsidence during coal mining under certain conditions. The maximum subsidence value is represented by D, the mining area is represented by r, and the radius of influence is represented by r. Represents the time effect function. This represents the coordinates of the differential mining unit within the mining area D.

[0031] In this embodiment, the above formula in The maximum subsidence value is typically obtained through calibration using geological parameters such as coal seam thickness, strata movement angle, and subsidence coefficient. D represents the mining area, a two-dimensional closed planar region, usually defined by the mine's mining plan or geological map. r represents the main influence radius, reflecting the spatial range of movement and subsidence of the overlying strata in the goaf, and is usually related to coal seam depth, lithology, and mining technology. This represents the time-dependent effect function, used to describe the dynamic evolution of settlement over time. Its form is usually determined by fitting empirical data from the mining area, such as a logarithmic function or an exponential function. Represents the coordinates of the differential mining unit within the mining area D, used for integration calculations.

[0032] Based on the above formula, the probability integral method utilizes the ideas of stochastic medium theory, treating rock strata movement as a stochastic process in space and time. The core of the model is to calculate the geometric deformation of the goaf caused by coal mining at any point on the surface through integral superposition. The settlement amount. The exponential term in the formula describes the spatial attenuation characteristics of the settlement effect of each differential unit, that is, the farther away from the sampling point, the weaker the settlement effect.

[0033] To perform this calculation, it is necessary to first consider the actual geological conditions and mining technology of the mining area. , and Calibrate parameters such as these.

[0034] Specifically, based on mine geological exploration data, key parameters such as coal seam thickness, burial depth, lithology, and fault structures are determined. The maximum subsidence value is estimated using empirical formulas or historical monitoring data. For example, the maximum subsidence value can be calculated using the formula... Calculation, where Indicates the thickness of the coal seam during mining. This represents the overall settlement coefficient (related to the hardness and fragility of the rock strata, with typical values ​​between 0.6 and 0.8). Indicates the angle of rock strata movement.

[0035] Then determine the main influence radius This parameter is usually proportional to the depth of the coal seam.

[0036] Then, a time influence function is established. Surface subsidence in mining areas usually exhibits a process that gradually stabilizes over time. Typical time influence functions include logarithmic functions or parabolic functions, which need to be determined by fitting historical monitoring subsidence curves.

[0037] In practical calculations, the mining area D is discretized into a finite number of small units, each of which is considered a differential mined-out volume, and its relationship to the target point on the ground is calculated separately. The subsidence contribution was calculated, and the direct subsidence from coal mining was finally obtained by numerical integration and summation. .

[0038] It is important to note that the above steps only apply to settlement prediction under ideal conditions where water inrush and sand runoff do not occur. In actual coal mining, if water inrush and sand runoff accidents do occur, the settlement predicted solely by this formula will often be underestimated and cannot reflect the non-uniform settlement and dynamic hysteresis effects caused by water inrush and sand runoff. Therefore, this application introduces a separate correction model for water inrush and sand runoff chain disasters to quantify the additional settlement caused by sudden drops in groundwater and sediment loss separately, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional methods.

[0039] For step S102, based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water flow and sediment collapse accidents, the consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop and the collapse settlement caused by sediment loss are calculated.

[0040] In some embodiments, calculating the consolidation settlement caused by the drop in water pressure based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of the sudden water-bursting and sediment-bursting accident includes: constructing a consolidation model driven by a sharp drop in groundwater based on the initial hydrological parameters and the monitoring data of the sudden water-bursting and sediment-bursting accident, combining three-dimensional consolidation theory and the effective stress principle; solving the consolidation model by finite element method, extracting the vertical displacement component of the ground surface, and calculating the consolidation settlement.

[0041] In some embodiments, the consolidation model is represented by the following formula: ; ; in, Indicates effective stress. Represents the Biot coefficient. Indicates pore water pressure, This indicates the density of saturated soil. Represents the gravitational acceleration vector. This indicates the density of water. Represents the permeability tensor. Indicates porosity. Indicates the dynamic viscosity of a fluid. Represents the vertical coordinate.

[0042] In this embodiment, the calculation of consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop combines three-dimensional consolidation theory and effective stress principle. By constructing a consolidation model driven by a sharp drop in groundwater, and solving the model using numerical methods, the vertical displacement component of the ground surface is finally extracted to quantify the consolidation settlement.

[0043] Specifically, when a water inrush and sand bursting accident occurs, groundwater in the Quaternary loose aquifer surges into the mined-out area through water-conducting fractures, resulting in a violent water inrush. This process causes a sharp drop in the groundwater level within the loose layer, forming a deep and large drawdown cone vertically. This dramatic drop in water level triggers a series of changes in pore water pressure. According to the effective stress principle, the rapid dissipation of pore water pressure directly leads to a surge in the effective stress borne by the soil skeleton, thereby inducing soil compaction and consolidation settlement. To quantify this process, this application constructs a consolidation model driven by a sharp drop in groundwater based on initial hydrological parameters (such as the initial pore water pressure distribution, permeability coefficient, and porosity of the aquifer) and monitoring data of the water inrush and sand bursting accident (such as water inrush flow rate and duration).

[0044] The consolidation model is expressed by the above set of equations, where the first equation is an equilibrium equation based on solid mechanics, describing the effective stress field inside the soil. pore water pressure Density of saturated soil The equilibrium relationship between the soil and the external gravitational field. Changes in effective stress are the core driving force for soil consolidation settlement. The second equation is the conservation equation for the three-dimensional seepage field, describing the flow and loss of pore water within the loose aquifer.

[0045] In implementation, the model is solved using the finite element method. Through region discretization and time stepping, the complex system of partial differential equations is transformed into a solvable system of algebraic equations. First, based on the initial hydrogeological conditions of the mining area (such as aquifer thickness, permeability distribution, and initial groundwater pressure field), and combined with monitoring data of water inrush and sand bursting accidents (such as water inrush flow curves, inrush time periods, and spatial distribution), parameterized inputs and boundary condition settings are applied to the model. Water inrush flow rate... Typically, this is obtained by inverting actual downhole monitoring data, with its time curve directly used as the dynamic source term input for the model. Subsequently, through numerical calculation, the surface vertical displacement component in the model solution is extracted, and finally, the consolidation settlement caused by the drop in water pressure is quantified.

[0046] In some embodiments, calculating the subsidence caused by sediment loss based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accidents includes: obtaining the total mass of lost sediment based on the monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accidents, and calculating the total volume of lost sediment based on the in-situ density of sediment; allocating the total volume of lost sediment to the area affected by the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident, and introducing a spatial distribution morphology function to calculate the equivalent mining thickness; and calculating the subsidence based on the equivalent mining thickness.

[0047] In some embodiments, the equivalent thickness is calculated using the following formula: ; in, Indicates coordinates and time Equivalent thickness under the conditions, Indicates time The total volume of sediment lost under the given conditions Indicates the area affected by the sudden water and sand runoff accident. Functions representing spatial distribution patterns.

[0048] In some embodiments, the amount of collapse settlement is expressed by the following formula: ; in, Indicates coordinates and time The amount of collapse settlement under the given conditions, This represents the settling coefficient of the Quaternary loose layer in response to sediment loss. Indicates coordinates and time Equivalent thickness under the conditions, This indicates the dip angle of the layer where the loss occurs.

[0049] In this embodiment, based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of the sudden water-sand inrush accident, the calculation of the subsidence caused by sediment loss is achieved by separating the solid phase loss effect during the sudden water-sand inrush process, and separately extracting and quantifying the underground space deficit caused by sediment loss into surface subsidence. When a sudden water-sand inrush accident occurs, a large number of sediment particles are carried by groundwater into the goaf, directly leading to a reduction in the skeleton volume of the Quaternary loose aquifer. This solid phase loss forms new underground spaces or cavities, which collapse and deform under the weight of the overlying soil, thus triggering a subsidence funnel on the surface. To accurately describe this complex process, this application proposes a quantification method based on "equivalent sediment mining thickness" to separately separate and calculate the subsidence caused by sediment loss.

[0050] First, based on monitoring data from water inrush and sand collapse accidents, the total mass of lost sediment is obtained. This total mass is typically recorded by the underground monitoring system, including data on sediment removal volume or sediment content in the water inrush. These data reflect the actual volume of sediment particles lost to the goaf during the water inrush and sand collapse process. Combined with the in-situ density of the sediment, the total volume of lost sediment can be calculated. The in-situ density of sediment is generally determined through on-site sampling or laboratory testing, with typical values ​​between 1.6 and 2.0 tons per cubic meter.

[0051] Next, the total volume of lost sediment will be... Area allocated to the affected area of ​​the sudden water and sand collapse accident Area affected by sudden water and sand erosion This indicates the main distribution range of surface sinkholes or underground cavities, typically determined based on the actual geological conditions of the mine and the scale of impact from water inrush and sand collapse accidents. To more accurately describe the impact of sediment loss on the formation of underground space within the region, this application introduces a spatial distribution morphology function. This is used to describe the spatial distribution characteristics of sediment loss within the affected area. (Shape function) Typically, a Gaussian distribution is adopted, with its value reaching its maximum at the center of the sediment spillway and gradually decreasing outwards. The specific expression can be fitted based on field monitoring data. Based on this, the equivalent thickness of the sediment loss volume within the affected area is calculated using the aforementioned formula.

[0052] This formula converts the volume of sediment loss into an equivalent mining thickness, intuitively reflecting the intensity of the impact of sediment loss on underground space deficits at different locations.

[0053] In obtaining equivalent thickness Subsequently, the amount of surface subsidence caused by it was calculated. This allows for the quantification of sediment loss effects. The formula for calculating settlement is as described above.

[0054] Through the above steps, this application achieves the separate separation and quantification of subsidence caused by sediment loss. First, the total volume of lost sediment reflects the total scale of solid particle loss from the loose layer. Second, equivalent thickness sampling distributes the sediment loss volume to the affected area, and combined with spatial distribution characteristics, describes the specific impact of sediment loss on underground space deficits at different locations. Finally, the surface subsidence calculated using the settlement transfer function accurately quantifies the surface deformation caused by sediment loss. This application not only comprehensively characterizes the cascading disasters caused by sudden water inrush and sediment collapse, but also provides precise data support and scientific basis for the division of responsibility and ecological restoration and management of such accidents.

[0055] In some embodiments, the method further includes: dynamically updating the porosity during the calculation of the consolidation settlement and the collapse settlement; The dynamic update of the porosity is expressed by the following formula: ; in, Indicates time Porosity below Indicates the initial porosity. This represents the strain in the skeleton under compression due to the increase in effective stress. This indicates the volume of sediment lost within the unit. This indicates the total volume of the unit.

[0056] In this embodiment, to accurately reflect the changes in the physical properties of loose aquifers after a water-sand inrush and sediment-bursting accident, a dynamic porosity update mechanism is introduced in the calculation of consolidation settlement and collapse settlement. Porosity is an important parameter reflecting the proportion of pore space within soil and rock masses, playing a crucial role in describing the permeability, compaction, and fluid-structure interaction behavior of soil. During a water-sand inrush and sediment-bursting event, the porosity of loose aquifers undergoes dynamic evolution due to the drastic loss of groundwater and the physical transport of sediment particles. This application establishes a dynamic porosity update formula to accurately simulate the changes in the pore structure of loose layers, thereby providing a more realistic physical basis for the aforementioned settlement calculations.

[0057] Initial porosity, typically obtained through geological exploration or laboratory testing, reflects the proportion of pore space in a loose aquifer under undisturbed conditions. Its typical value depends on the soil particle type and depositional environment of the loose layer. Skeleton compressibility strain reflects the compaction and consolidation behavior of the soil under external loading or water pressure reduction conditions.

[0058] The first item in the dynamic update of porosity This paper primarily describes the compaction effect of soil under conditions of increased effective stress. When sudden water inrush and sediment runoff cause a sharp drop in the groundwater level, the dissipation of pore water pressure significantly increases the effective stress on the soil skeleton. According to the effective stress principle, the decrease in pore water pressure directly translates into additional compressive force on the particle skeleton, leading to a reduction in the pore space of the soil. The quantification of compressible strain is usually calculated using three-dimensional consolidation theory, and its value is related to the soil's compressibility coefficient, initial porosity, and the magnitude of effective stress variation. In the explicit solution process, the soil compaction effect gradually stabilizes over time, but in the initial stage of sudden water inrush and sediment runoff, this effect often exhibits rapid changes.

[0059] The second term of the formula This term describes the pore space expansion effect caused by sediment loss. During a sudden water inrush and sediment runoff, sediment particles are carried away from the aquifer by the water flow, resulting in significant solid loss. This loss not only reduces the skeletal volume of the soil but also creates new pore spaces or cavities within the soil layer, leading to drastic changes in porosity. The volume of lost sediment is usually obtained by inverting monitoring data from sudden water inrush and sediment runoff incidents.

[0060] The total unit volume is determined by the spatial geometric distribution of the loose layer, typically using the discrete unit volume in a numerical model. The physical significance of this term is that the greater the sediment loss, the more pronounced the porosity expansion; however, the larger the total unit volume, the more this expansion effect is diluted by the spatial scale.

[0061] Through the aforementioned dynamic update formula, this application can not only accurately describe the evolution of porosity after a sudden water inrush and sediment runoff, but also capture the physical property changes of loose aquifers at different stages. In the initial stage of the water inrush, the pore space expansion effect caused by sediment loss dominates, and the porosity shows a significant increasing trend; while in the later stage, when the overlying soil undergoes compaction and consolidation, the porosity gradually decreases and tends to stabilize. This formula effectively reflects the dynamic mechanics and seepage behavior of sudden water inrush and sediment runoff, providing important dynamic parameters for subsequent calculations of consolidation settlement and collapse settlement.

[0062] In numerical calculations, dynamic updates of porosity are typically embedded in the iterative solution process of consolidation and collapse models. At each time step, the permeability coefficient and soil compaction parameters are updated based on the current porosity, and the changes in the effective stress field and seepage field are recalculated, ultimately yielding the dynamic evolution results of consolidation and collapse settlement. In this way, this application not only accurately predicts the settlement of water inrush and sand runoff chain disasters but also provides a dynamic monitoring and assessment tool for the evolution of loose layer properties. This application has significant practical application value in the prediction of complex water inrush and sand runoff disasters and in the ecological restoration and management of mining areas.

[0063] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the ground subsidence correction calculation method considering the chain disaster of water inrush and sand collapse described in this application calculates the direct subsidence of coal mining when no water inrush and sand collapse has occurred based on the acquired geological parameters; calculates the consolidation subsidence caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence caused by sediment loss based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of water inrush and sand collapse accidents; and calculates the total surface subsidence by superimposing the direct subsidence of coal mining, the consolidation subsidence, and the collapse subsidence.

[0064] This application's embodiments calculate the direct subsidence of coal mining when no water inrush and sand collapse occur based on the acquired geological parameters. Then, based on the initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of water inrush and sand collapse accidents, it calculates the consolidation subsidence caused by water pressure drop and the collapse subsidence caused by sediment loss, respectively. Finally, the three are superimposed to predict the total surface subsidence. This can separate the additional subsidence caused by water inrush and sand collapse chain disasters from the subsidence caused by normal mining, avoiding the shortcomings of traditional methods that confuse total subsidence. It provides an independent and quantifiable data basis for disaster liability determination and ecological compensation.

[0065] The direct settlement of coal mining is calculated by constructing a probability integral expression using the maximum settlement value, mining area, main influence radius, time influence function, and coordinates of differential mining units within the mining area. This method can accurately describe the geometric settlement morphology of bedrock and surface when no hydrological disturbance occurs using stochastic medium theory. Each parameter in the formula has a clear physical meaning and engineering acquisition method, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the benchmark settlement calculation.

[0066] Combining three-dimensional consolidation theory and the principle of effective stress, a consolidation model driven by a sharp drop in groundwater is constructed based on initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accidents. After solving the model using the finite element method, the vertical displacement component of the ground surface is extracted to calculate the consolidation settlement. This model can numerically simulate the surge in effective soil stress caused by the dissipation of pore water pressure, thereby independently separating the compaction settlement caused solely by the drop in water level from the total settlement. This solves the problem that traditional fluid-structure interaction models cannot distinguish between the contributions of water pressure consolidation and sediment loss.

[0067] The consolidation model governing equations constructed using parameters such as effective stress, Biot coefficient, pore water pressure, saturated soil density, gravitational acceleration, water density, permeability tensor, porosity, fluid dynamic viscosity, and vertical coordinates can fully describe the dynamic coupling process of the seepage field and stress field under water inrush conditions. The source and sink terms directly correspond to the measured downhole water inrush flow, giving the calculation of water pressure drop consolidation settlement a clear physical driving boundary and high prediction accuracy.

[0068] Based on the monitoring data of sudden water and sand collapse accidents, the total mass of lost sediment was obtained and the total volume was calculated by combining the in-situ density of sediment. The total volume of lost sediment was allocated to the area of ​​the affected region and a spatial distribution morphology function was introduced to obtain the equivalent mining thickness. Then, the subsidence was calculated based on the equivalent mining thickness. This process first proposed the concept of "equivalent mining thickness of sediment", which transforms the physical loss of solid particles into shallow mining space, and then quantifies the secondary surface subsidence caused by it, filling the technical gap that traditional models cannot consider the space loss caused by solid phase loss.

[0069] By using the total volume of lost sediment, the area of ​​the affected region, and the spatial distribution morphology function to calculate the equivalent thickness, the measured total amount of sediment loss can be distributed to different locations around the breach according to the funnel-shaped spatial distribution characteristics. This allows the subsidence settlement to not only reflect the total effect but also characterize the central attenuation and non-uniform deformation characteristics of the settlement funnel, significantly improving the ability to predict localized severe subsidence.

[0070] The subsidence settlement is calculated using the subsidence coefficient, equivalent mining thickness, and dip angle of the loss-causing layer in the Quaternary loose layer. The subsidence coefficient, which is close to 1.0, reflects the physical law that shallow cavities can easily propagate completely to the surface. The dip angle cosine corrects for the influence of the tilted strata, making the calculation of sediment loss subsidence settlement both theoretically based and engineeringally feasible. It can also output the additional subsidence value caused by the accident for disaster damage assessment.

[0071] In calculating consolidation and collapse settlement, the porosity is dynamically updated by considering the initial porosity, the strain of the skeleton compressible body, the volume of sediment lost within the unit, and the total volume of the unit. This reflects the entire physical evolution of the process during the sudden water inrush and sand collapse, from the initial loss of fine particles leading to increased porosity and a sudden increase in permeability to the subsequent collapse and compaction leading to decreased permeability. This allows the model parameters to be adaptively adjusted as the disaster progresses, thereby ensuring the continuous accuracy of chain-induced settlement prediction in the time dimension.

[0072] It should be noted that the method in this embodiment can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method can also be applied in a distributed scenario, where multiple devices cooperate to complete the task. In such a distributed scenario, one of these devices may execute only one or more steps of the method in this embodiment, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the method described.

[0073] It should be noted that the above description describes some embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0074] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the ground subsidence correction calculation method considering the chain reaction of sudden water inrush and sand erosion disasters described in any of the above embodiments.

[0075] Figure 2 This embodiment illustrates a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device, which may include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 are interconnected internally via the bus 1050.

[0076] The processor 1010 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0077] The memory 1020 can be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage device, dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1020 and is called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0078] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect input / output modules to realize information input and output. Input / output modules can be configured as components within the device (not shown in the figure) or externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. Input devices may include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, microphones, various sensors, etc., while output devices may include displays, speakers, vibrators, indicator lights, etc.

[0079] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to enable communication between this device and other devices. The communication module can communicate via wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0080] Bus 1050 includes a pathway for transmitting information between various components of the device, such as processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040.

[0081] It should be noted that although the above-described device only shows the processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, communication interface 1040, and bus 1050, in specific implementations, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described device may only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments of this specification, and not necessarily all the components shown in the figures.

[0082] The electronic device described above is used to implement the corresponding ground subsidence correction calculation method considering the chain reaction of water inrush and sand collapse in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which are used to cause the computer to execute the ground subsidence correction calculation method considering the sudden water inrush and sand erosion chain disasters as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0084] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0085] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiments are used to cause the computer to execute the ground subsidence correction calculation method considering the chain disaster of sudden water inrush and sand collapse as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0087] Additionally, to simplify the description and discussion, and to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, the well-known power / ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. Furthermore, the apparatus may be shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram apparatuses are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of this application will be implemented (i.e., these details should be fully understood by those skilled in the art). While specific details (e.g., circuits) have been set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of this application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of this application can be implemented without these specific details or with variations thereof. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0088] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many substitutions, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may be used with the embodiments discussed.

[0089] The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for correcting and calculating ground subsidence considering the chain reaction of sudden water inrush and sandstorms, characterized in that, include: Based on the acquired geological parameters, the direct settlement of coal mining without water inrush and sand collapse is calculated. Based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water flow and sediment collapse accidents, the consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop and the collapse settlement caused by sediment loss are calculated. The total surface subsidence is calculated by superimposing the direct subsidence from coal mining, the consolidation subsidence, and the collapse subsidence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direct subsidence from coal mining is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates coordinates and time Direct subsidence during coal mining under certain conditions. The maximum subsidence value is represented by D, the mining area is represented by r, and the radius of influence is represented by r. This represents the time-effect function. This represents the coordinates of the differential mining unit within the mining area D.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of consolidation settlement caused by water pressure drop, based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accidents, includes: Combining three-dimensional consolidation theory and the effective stress principle, a consolidation model driven by a sharp drop in groundwater is constructed based on the initial hydrological parameters and the monitoring data of the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident. The consolidation model is solved by finite element method, the vertical displacement component of the ground surface is extracted, and the consolidation settlement is calculated.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The consolidation model is expressed by the following equation: ； ； in, Indicates effective stress. Represents the Biot coefficient. Indicates pore water pressure, This indicates the density of saturated soil. Represents the gravitational acceleration vector. This indicates the density of water. Represents the permeability tensor. Indicates porosity. Indicates the dynamic viscosity of a fluid. Represents the vertical coordinate.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of subsidence caused by sediment loss based on the acquired initial hydrological parameters and monitoring data of sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accidents includes: Based on the monitoring data of the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident, the total mass of lost sediment was obtained, and the total volume of lost sediment was calculated by combining the in-situ density of sediment. The total volume of lost sediment is allocated to the area affected by the sudden water inrush and sediment collapse accident, and a spatial distribution morphology function is introduced to calculate the equivalent mining thickness. The collapse settlement amount is calculated based on the equivalent thickness.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equivalent thickness is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates coordinates and time Equivalent thickness under the conditions, Indicates time The total volume of sediment lost under the given conditions Indicates the area affected by the sudden water and sand runoff accident. Functions representing spatial distribution patterns.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The amount of collapse and settlement is expressed by the following formula: ； in, Indicates coordinates and time The amount of collapse settlement under the given conditions, This represents the settling coefficient of the Quaternary loose layer in response to sediment loss. Indicates coordinates and time Equivalent thickness under the conditions, This indicates the dip angle of the layer where the loss occurs.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: dynamically updating the porosity during the calculation of the consolidation settlement and the collapse settlement; The dynamic update of the porosity is expressed by the following formula: ； in, Indicates time Porosity below Indicates the initial porosity. This represents the strain in the skeleton under compression due to the increase in effective stress. This indicates the volume of sediment lost within the unit. This indicates the total volume of the unit.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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