Fused material integrated pulse applicable network ai adaptive throughput aerial insulated conductor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fusion material integrated pulse applicable network AI's self-adapting traffic capacity overhead insulated conductor, comprising: composite conductor unit, pulse buffer integrated material layer, functional gradient insulation coating, distributed sensing acquisition module, edge network AI algorithm power integrated module, coupling force transmission electrical connection component, ground discharge auxiliary layer and protective outer sheath.Coupling force transmission electrical connection component realizes strong electric loop, weak electric sensing signal, mechanical clamping, ground discharge multiple composite functions, detachable assembly edge network AI algorithm power integrated module, locally complete network AI model inference output self-adapting dynamic traffic capacity threshold, also disclose corresponding dynamic self-adapting traffic capacity regulation method, not rely on remote background server, communication abnormal state still can complete conductor traffic capacity evaluation constraint locally, realize distribution network line capacity under the condition that overall profile size of conductor is not changed, resist distribution network variety transient pulse impact, adapt stock distribution network line priority upgrading project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power overhead transmission and distribution conductor technology, specifically to an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor that integrates material-integrated pulse-applicable network AI. Background Technology

[0002] In China, urban power distribution networks extensively utilize 10kV overhead insulated conductors to transmit electricity. Existing conventional overhead insulated conductors are designed with fixed current-carrying capacity based on standard meteorological conditions. The rated current-carrying capacity of these conductors is a static, fixed parameter. However, the actual allowable long-term current-carrying capacity is influenced by multiple factors, including ambient temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, conductor operating temperature, and insulation aging. The actual current-carrying capacity of the same conductor under low-temperature, high-wind conditions in winter is significantly higher than under high-temperature, windless, and strong-sunlight conditions in summer. Current conductors are designed with fixed rated current-carrying capacity based on the worst summer conditions, meaning the current-carrying potential of the conductors is not fully realized under most meteorological conditions. With the continuous growth of urban electricity load, the demand for capacity expansion and upgrades in distribution networks is constantly increasing. Traditional capacity expansion solutions mostly involve directly replacing the conductors with larger cross-section overhead insulated conductors. Replacing conductors with larger cross-sections requires simultaneous replacement of tower hardware and re-verification of tower mechanical loads, resulting in long construction periods, high material costs, and prolonged power outages, making implementation difficult for urban distribution network upgrades.

[0003] Meanwhile, urban power distribution networks experience numerous transient pulse surges, including lightning-induced overvoltages, switching pulse overvoltages from capacitive load switching, and single-phase grounding fault pulse current surges. Conventional overhead insulated conductors lack dedicated buffering and dissipation structures for these transient pulses. The instantaneous high energy generated by these pulse surges causes a sudden rise in local conductor temperature and distortion of the local electric field in the insulation layer. Repeated pulse surges accelerate the aging of insulation materials, reducing the actual service life of overhead insulated conductors. Some existing intelligent conductor technologies externally mount the sensing and monitoring units at the conductor fittings, resulting in significant errors in temperature, electric field, and pulse signal acquisition due to the distance between the sensing units and the conductor. Other solutions embed optical fibers within the conductor, enabling only status monitoring but not local computing power to output dynamic current-carrying control commands. All monitoring data is uploaded to a remote server for computation. In scenarios involving communication network fluctuations or interruptions, the conductor loses its dynamic evaluation capability, limiting system reliability. Furthermore, existing technologies often involve directly connecting computing units to conductors without isolation, resulting in a mixed arrangement of high-voltage and low-voltage signal circuits. This can cause distortion of low-voltage sensing signals due to electromagnetic interference from high-voltage sources, affecting the accuracy of monitoring and calculation results.

[0004] Further analysis of existing technology product structures reveals that traditional overhead insulated conductors have air cavities between the strands. Air has a low thermal conductivity, making it difficult for heat to dissipate after the conductor is energized, leading to localized hotspots inside the conductor. Ordinary insulation layers use a single dielectric constant material, resulting in uneven electric field distribution on the conductor's outer side, and localized electric field concentration under pulse impact conditions. Grounding shielding layers mostly consist of a continuous semi-conductive layer wrapped around the entire length of the conductor. Under normal operating conditions of overhead insulated conductors, this continuous semi-conductive shielding layer easily generates additional dielectric losses, increasing conductor operating losses. Existing intelligent conductor retrofit solutions mostly rely on independent external power supplies for sensing and computing modules, making power supply maintenance difficult in overhead outdoor scenarios. Many intelligent conductors only perform state sensing without integrating the conductor's material system to coordinate thermal state control and current-carrying capacity calculation results. The conductor's material structure cannot effectively buffer heat or dissipate pulse energy, resulting in a separation between sensing and the conductor's material structure, failing to form a complete integrated technical solution encompassing materials, structure, and edge AI computing power. How to increase line capacity and improve the grid's transient fault tolerance without major modifications to existing power grid equipment has become a pressing issue. Current technologies struggle to simultaneously achieve dynamic adaptive current carrying capacity, pulse impact tolerance, and local edge AI inference without altering the conductor's outer contour or replacing towers. Therefore, developing an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor that integrates material-integrated pulse-adaptive network AI addresses these practical engineering challenges and possesses real-world engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor that integrates material-integrated pulse-adaptive network AI. This solves the practical engineering problems of existing overhead insulated conductors, such as statically fixed current-carrying capacity, inability to adapt to operating conditions, insufficient transient pulse impact resistance, disconnect between sensing, materials, and computing power, poor data acquisition accuracy of external monitoring equipment, reliance on backend server computation, functional failure after communication interruption, and large-scale retrofitting projects. Specifically, this invention is an overhead insulated conductor product suitable for 10kV urban distribution network overhead insulated lines, featuring pulse transient impact resistance, internal thermal management of composite phase change materials, and adaptive dynamic current-carrying capacity control through edge network AI local inference. It can be applied to urban distribution network capacity expansion and upgrading, and intelligent upgrading of aging overhead insulated lines. This invention is applicable to energy and power grid upgrades and the construction of power grid lines in areas prone to pulse overvoltage. It integrates a phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material and a pulse buffer integrated material layer within the conductor body. A distributed sensing acquisition module is pre-embedded within the conductor body. Through coupled force-transmitting electrical connection components, it achieves multiple composite functions including high-voltage circuitry, low-voltage sensing signals, mechanical clamping, and grounding current discharge. A detachable edge network AI computing power integrated module allows for local completion of network AI model inference and output of adaptive dynamic current-carrying capacity thresholds. It does not rely entirely on a remote backend server; even in communication anomalies, local current-carrying capacity assessment and constraints can still be completed. This achieves power grid capacity expansion without altering the overall external dimensions of the conductor, withstands various transient pulse impacts in the power grid, and is suitable for priority upgrade and renovation projects of existing power grid lines.

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor that integrates materials for pulse-based AI networks, comprising: a composite conductor unit, a pulse buffer integrated material layer, a functionally graded insulation coating layer, a distributed sensing acquisition module, an edge network AI computing power integrated module, a coupling force transmission electrical connection component, a grounding and current-discharging auxiliary layer, and a protective outer sheath; wherein:

[0007] The composite conductor unit serves as the current-carrying substrate for the conductor. It consists of multiple strands of conductive conductors with irregular cross-sections twisted together to form a stranding gap, which is filled with a phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material. A pulse buffer integrated material layer covers the outer periphery of the composite conductor unit, dissipating transient pulse energy from the power grid and suppressing sudden temperature rises in the conductor caused by transient pulses. A functionally graded insulation coating layer covers the outside of the pulse buffer integrated material layer, with its dielectric parameters continuously varying from the inside to the outside. A distributed sensing acquisition module is embedded within the functionally graded insulation coating layer. This module collects conductor operating temperature, insulation layer temperature, conductor load current, and transient pulse voltage signals. A grounding and current-discharging auxiliary layer is arranged in a localized area outside the functionally graded insulation coating layer and is electrically connected to the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The protective outer sheath covers the outer surface of the grounding discharge auxiliary layer and the functionally graded insulation covering layer; the coupling force transmission electrical connection component is assembled on the conductor body at intervals along the conductor axis, and the coupling force transmission electrical connection component simultaneously realizes mechanical clamping and fixing, main circuit electrical conduction, and sensor signal coupling transmission; the edge network AI computing power integration module is detachably and fixedly assembled outside the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, and the signal input end of the edge network AI computing power integration module and the distributed sensing acquisition module establish a signal connection through the internal signal path of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The edge network AI computing power integration module has a built-in network AI inference model, receives multi-dimensional measured data from the distributed sensing acquisition module, calculates and outputs the conductor adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold in real time, outputs current carrying capacity constraint commands to the line background control unit based on the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold, and completes pulse energy dissipation state assessment based on the pulse impact measured signal.

[0008] Preferably, the irregular cross-section conductive conductor of the composite conductor unit is a trapezoidal cross-section aluminum-magnesium alloy conductor, and multiple trapezoidal cross-section aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors are stranded in a concentric layer stranding manner. The stranding gap between adjacent conductors is an irregular closed cavity, and the phase change temperature regulating composite filler material completely fills the stranding gap. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material matrix is ​​a silicone rubber composite matrix, and the matrix contains composite modified paraffin-based phase change microcapsules and thermally conductive boron nitride filler. The phase change temperature range is set to 62℃-68℃.

[0009] Preferably, the pulse buffer integrated material layer is a composite multilayer co-extruded structure, composed of an inner conductive buffer sublayer and an outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer; the inner conductive buffer sublayer is closely attached to the outer periphery of the composite conductor unit, and the conductive buffer sublayer is made of carbon black modified silicone rubber material; the outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer is made of zinc oxide varistor particles composite polymer substrate; the overall thickness of the pulse buffer integrated material layer is 0.8mm-1.4mm.

[0010] Preferably, the functionally graded insulating cover layer adopts a double-layer gradient dielectric structure. The inner layer, near the pulse buffer integrated material layer, is a high-dielectric-low-resistivity insulating sublayer, and the outer layer, near the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, is a low-dielectric-high-resistivity insulating sublayer. The dielectric constant between the two layers decreases continuously and smoothly from the inside to the outside, and there is no dielectric abrupt interface. The total insulation thickness of the functionally graded insulating cover layer is 2.2mm-3.0mm. The distributed sensing acquisition module includes temperature sensing nodes, Rogowski coil micro current sensing units, and pulse voltage pickup electrodes. Each sensing node is pre-embedded in the functionally graded insulating cover layer at a fixed interval along the conductor axis. The signal leads of all sensing nodes converge to the signal docking port of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component.

[0011] Preferably, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer is a segmented semi-conductive metallized composite tape wrapping layer. The grounding discharge auxiliary layer is continuously wrapped only in a local section at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer in the non-assembly section is disconnected and isolated. The metallized side of the grounding discharge auxiliary layer faces the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the outer side of the grounding discharge auxiliary layer is in contact with the protective outer sheath and grounded.

[0012] Preferably, the coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly includes a clamping base, a main circuit conductive insert, a signal transmission isolation channel, a locking fastening component, and a docking port. The clamping base is made of high-strength aluminum alloy forging, and the clamping base is half-encircled and clamped outside the protective outer sheath and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer. The locking fastening component provides radial clamping preload. The main circuit conductive insert passes through the protective outer sheath, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the pulse buffer integrated material layer to achieve electrical contact with the composite conductor unit. The signal transmission isolation channel is arranged inside the clamping base and is electrically isolated from the main circuit conductive insert. One end of the signal transmission isolation channel is connected to the signal output end of the distributed sensing acquisition module, and the other end forms a docking port for connecting the edge network AI computing power integrated module. The docking port is sealed and waterproofed. The coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly simultaneously performs four functions: conductor mechanical clamping and fixing, main current conduction, sensor signal isolation transmission, and grounding discharge auxiliary layer potential output.

[0013] Preferably, the edge network AI computing power integrated module includes a sealed protective housing, a power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit, an edge computing power processing unit, a local storage unit, and a wireless communication unit. The power supply unit draws energy from the conductive insert of the main circuit of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component through electromagnetic induction, without requiring an external independent power supply. The signal conditioning unit receives the raw sensor signal from the docking port and performs signal filtering and amplification. The edge computing power processing unit has a built-in lightweight network AI inference model. The input parameters of the network AI inference model include the measured temperature of the conductor, the insulation layer temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient wind speed, the solar irradiance, the real-time load current, and the transient pulse voltage amplitude. The network AI inference model outputs a dynamic adaptive current carrying capacity threshold and a pulse condition health assessment index. The wireless communication unit uploads the calculation results to the distribution network background control unit and simultaneously receives the constraint correction parameters issued by the background. The sealed protective housing and the coupling force transmission electrical connection component adopt a quick-release snap-fit ​​assembly structure.

[0014] Preferably, the protective outer sheath is made of weather-resistant and UV-resistant cross-linked polyolefin sheath material. The outer surface of the protective outer sheath is provided with continuous shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures. The shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures are spirally arranged along the conductor axis, with a groove depth of 0.25-0.45mm and a spiral helix angle of 18-26°. The protective outer sheath has a piercing through hole reserved at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component for the main circuit conductive insert to pass through. A sealing ring is provided around the piercing through hole to achieve waterproof sealing.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a dynamic adaptive current-carrying capacity regulation method for an overhead insulated conductor based on an integrated pulse-applicable network (AI) fused with materials as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, the distributed sensing acquisition module continuously collects the conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit, the insulation temperature of the functionally graded insulation coating layer, the real-time load current of the line, and the transient pulse impulse voltage signal. Environmental meteorological parameters are synchronously collected by the external meteorological sensing submodule of the edge network AI computing power integration module.

[0017] S2, all the original sensor signals collected are sent to the edge network AI computing power integration module through the internal signal transmission isolation channel of the coupling force electrical connection component. The signal conditioning unit completes noise filtering and signal normalization preprocessing.

[0018] S3, the edge computing power processing unit calls the built-in lightweight network AI inference model, takes the measured multi-dimensional working condition parameters as the model input, and outputs the adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold of the conductor under the current working condition. At the same time, it performs feature extraction on the acquired transient pulse impact signal and evaluates the dissipation working state of the pulse buffer integrated material layer.

[0019] S4, the edge network AI computing power integration module uploads the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold and pulse condition health assessment indicators to the distribution network background control unit through the wireless communication unit. The distribution network background control unit completes the dynamic scheduling of the distribution network line load based on the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold. When a transient pulse impact signal with an amplitude exceeding the preset threshold is detected, the pulse energy is directionally discharged through the grounding discharge auxiliary layer via the coupling force transmission electrical connection component.

[0020] S5, the phase change temperature regulating composite filler material undergoes a solid-liquid phase change according to the conductor temperature change. When the conductor temperature rises to the phase change temperature range, it absorbs heat and releases the stored heat during the conductor temperature drop process. Together with the pulse buffer integrated material layer, it suppresses drastic fluctuations in conductor temperature. When the environmental conditions change, the network AI inference model continuously iterates and updates the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold, so that the conductor current carrying capacity can adapt to changes in external conditions.

[0021] Preferably, the training samples for the lightweight network AI inference model include thermal simulation datasets of conductors under different environmental temperatures, wind speeds, solar radiation, and pulse impact amplitudes, as well as field test and measurement datasets. The model inference process is set with hard temperature safety constraints. When the measured conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit exceeds the maximum long-term allowable operating temperature of the insulation material (90°C), a forced load reduction command is directly output, shielding the calculated current carrying capacity threshold output by the model and prioritizing the insulation safety of the overhead insulated conductor itself.

[0022] In this embodiment, the constraint mechanism of the lightweight network AI inference model was further designed. The training dataset of the lightweight network AI inference model includes two main categories of datasets. The first category is a multi-physics thermal simulation dataset of conductors under different environmental temperatures, wind speeds, solar irradiance, and pulse impact amplitudes, which obtains a large number of boundary condition samples through simulation. The second category is a real measured dataset obtained from conductor type tests and field tests. The simulation dataset supplements the extreme conditions that are difficult to cover by real test samples, while the measured dataset ensures that the model fits the actual engineering situation. The two types of samples are mixed to complete the model training, ensuring the engineering reliability of the model inference results. The model inference process enforces a temperature safety hard constraint mechanism. This hard constraint has higher priority than the AI ​​model's calculation output. When the measured conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit exceeds the long-term allowable maximum operating temperature of 90°C for the insulation material, a forced load reduction command is directly output, shielding the calculated current-carrying threshold output by the model and prioritizing the safety of the overhead insulated conductor's insulation body. The technical reason for setting hard constraints is that network AI models rely on sample training for inference, which carries a small probability of inference bias. Increasing the temperature hard safety threshold means that no matter how much theoretical allowable current the model calculates, once the actual measured temperature of the conductor reaches the maximum allowable long-term temperature of the insulation, the load reduction protection is immediately triggered to avoid the abnormal model output causing the conductor to overheat and burn out. This forms a dual safety protection system and improves the robustness of the entire system.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the insulated conductor and its dynamic adaptive current-carrying capacity regulation method of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention employs a phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material to fill the gaps in the stranded gaps of irregularly shaped conductors, eliminating air hotspots in the traditional conductor stranding gaps. It relies on the latent heat absorption of phase change to suppress conductor temperature rise and improve the short-term overload capacity of the conductor. A pulse buffer integrated material layer, combined with a varistor material, dissipates transient pulse impact energy from the power grid. A gradient dielectric insulation coating layer smooths the internal electric field distribution of the insulation, reducing the risk of insulation damage caused by pulse impacts. A segmented grounding and current-discharging auxiliary layer achieves pulse discharge only in the localized assembly area, avoiding the additional dielectric loss and water tree diffusion risks associated with a full-line semi-conductive shielding layer. (Water trees (water branches) are polymer electrical insulation materials (cross-linked polyolefins, XLPE, etc.) that, in the presence of moisture and an alternating electric field...) This is a slow aging phenomenon in insulation caused by long-term combined effects. At locations of micropores, impurities, and interface defects within the insulation, water molecules, under the repeated action of alternating electric field polarization and electromechanical forces, grow numerous dendritic and clustered microporous channels filled with micro-water within the insulating medium. These channels themselves do not carbonize, but they locally degrade the polymer matrix, reducing insulation breakdown strength. This is a chronic, latent damage to the insulation, which can slowly develop over several years, eventually leading to insulation breakdown and grounding faults. The risk of water tree diffusion specifically refers to the risk that once moisture penetrates a damaged area of ​​the conductor, it can spread long distances along the conductor's axis via a continuous semi-conductive shielding layer as a capillary conduction pathway, simultaneously inducing water tree aging in multiple sections of the conductor.

[0025] 2. This invention employs a distributed sensing and acquisition module embedded within the conductor insulation layer, which offers higher accuracy in acquiring temperature, current, and pulse voltage signals compared to traditional external hardware sensors. The coupling force transmission electrical connection component integrates multiple functions, including mechanical clamping, main circuit conductivity, weak current signal isolation transmission, and grounding lead-out. A single component replaces multiple independent hardware parts, reducing the number of external hardware components and lowering wind load. The high-voltage circuit and the weak current signal circuit are physically isolated, suppressing strong electromagnetic interference and ensuring the quality of the sensing signal. The edge network AI computing power integration module uses a detachable snap-fit ​​assembly, allowing for inductive power supply without an external power source. It enables lightweight network AI model inference to be completed locally, without relying entirely on a remote backend server. Even in scenarios with brief communication interruptions, it can still output current-carrying capacity constraint commands locally. Simultaneously, it sets hard safety constraints on conductor temperature, providing double protection to ensure the safety of the conductor insulation.

[0026] 3. The overall external dimensions of the entire conductor product are comparable to existing mature overhead insulated conductors. There is no need for large-scale replacement of poles, clamps, and insulating hardware. It is suitable for the capacity expansion and renovation of existing distribution network lines that are given priority review. The renovation work is small and the power outage time is short. It dynamically outputs adaptive current carrying capacity thresholds under different ambient temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation conditions, fully tapping the current carrying potential of existing conductors. It takes into account multiple functions such as distribution network transient pulse impact resistance, material thermal management, and edge network AI local intelligent control. The hardware material structure and AI computing power inference work together. It is not a simple superposition of components and has good engineering practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall radial cross-section structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partial axial cross-sectional view of the coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a dynamic adaptive load capacity control method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 1-Composite conductor unit, 2-Pulse buffer integrated material layer, 21-Conductive buffer sublayer, 22-Nonlinear varistor sublayer, 23-Phase change buffer material, 3-Functionally graded insulation covering layer, 4-Distributed sensing acquisition module, 5-Grounding discharge auxiliary layer, 6-Protective outer sheath, 61-Shallow trench heat dissipation microstructure, 7-Coupled force transmission electrical connection component, 71-Clamping substrate, 72-Main circuit conductive insert, 73-Signal transmission isolation channel, 74-Locking fastening component, 75-Mating plug-in port, 8-Edge network AI computing power integrated module. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor with integrated pulse-based AI-enabled network, comprising: a composite conductor unit, a pulse buffer integrated material layer, a functionally graded insulation coating layer, a distributed sensing acquisition module, an edge network AI computing power integrated module, a coupling force transmission electrical connection component, a grounding and current-discharging auxiliary layer, and a protective outer sheath. Wherein:

[0037] The composite conductor unit is the main current-carrying matrix of the conductor, undertaking the transmission of load current in the main circuit of the line. The composite conductor unit is made of multiple strands of conductive conductors with different cross-sections twisted together. After the twisting is completed, a twist gap is naturally formed between the conductors. The inside of the twist gap is filled with a phase change temperature regulating composite filler material. In traditional conductors, the twist gap is filled with air. Air has poor thermal conductivity, and the heat generated by the conductor during operation accumulates inside the twist gap, forming a hot spot inside the conductor. This invention uses a phase change temperature regulating composite filler material to fill the twist gap. On the one hand, it can improve the internal thermal conductivity of the conductor and quickly transfer the heat generated by the conductor strands to the outside. On the other hand, the phase change temperature regulating composite filler material can absorb a large amount of latent heat of phase change when the phase change temperature is reached, suppressing the rapid rise of the conductor temperature and realizing internal thermal management of the conductor body.

[0038] A pulse buffer integrated material layer is coated and arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the composite conductor unit. This layer of material is used to dissipate the transient pulse impact energy generated by the power grid system. When lightning induced pulses, switching overvoltage pulses, and fault pulses are applied to the conductor, the pulse buffer integrated material layer can absorb and dissipate the instantaneous pulse energy, suppress the sudden temperature rise of the conductor caused by the pulse impact, reduce the electric field strength transmitted to the insulation layer by the pulse impact, and avoid damage to the insulation body caused by the local electric field distortion of the insulation layer by the pulse impact.

[0039] The functionally graded insulating coating is disposed on the outside of the pulse buffer integrated material layer. Unlike ordinary single-layer insulating materials with a fixed dielectric constant, the dielectric parameters of the functionally graded insulating coating of this invention change continuously from the inside to the outside. This arrangement can smooth the radial electric field distribution on the outside of the conductor, eliminate the phenomenon of electric field concentration at the interface inside the insulating layer, and improve the insulation reliability of the insulation system under pulse impact conditions.

[0040] The distributed sensing acquisition module is embedded inside the functionally graded insulation coating layer. The sensing module is directly embedded inside the insulation layer, very close to the conductor and insulation medium. Compared with traditional external sensors attached to the fittings, the error in acquiring temperature, current and pulse voltage signals is significantly reduced. The distributed sensing acquisition module is used to acquire conductor operating temperature, insulation layer temperature, conductor load current and transient pulse voltage signals to obtain multi-dimensional raw operating condition data of the conductor body.

[0041] The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer is arranged in a local outer area of ​​the functionally graded insulation covering layer. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer and the coupling force transmission electrical connection component are electrically connected. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer does not serve as a continuous shielding layer throughout the entire process. It only enables the directional discharge of pulse energy in a local section of the assembly component, thus avoiding additional dielectric loss caused by the full-length semiconducting layer.

[0042] The outer protective sheath covers the grounding and current-discharging auxiliary layer and the functionally graded insulation covering layer, providing the entire conductor with outdoor weather resistance, UV resistance, waterproofing, and mechanical friction protection.

[0043] The coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly is assembled at intervals along the conductor axis on the conductor body. This component is a core composite functional component. Traditional conductors require multiple independent parts to achieve clamping, conduction, grounding, and signal lead-out, resulting in a complex structure and numerous assembly steps. The coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly of this invention performs three functions simultaneously: mechanical clamping and fixing, main circuit electrical conduction, and sensor signal coupling and transmission. This reduces the number of external conductor fittings, lowers the complexity of on-site assembly, and achieves physical isolation between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage sensor signal, avoiding the influence of strong electromagnetic interference on the sensor signal.

[0044] The edge network AI computing power integration module is detachably and fixedly mounted on the outside of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The modular and detachable structure facilitates on-site maintenance and replacement without cutting the conductor itself. The signal input end of the edge network AI computing power integration module establishes a signal connection with the distributed sensing acquisition module through the independent signal path inside the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, avoiding direct intrusion of high voltage into the low voltage signal circuit. The edge network AI computing power integration module is equipped with a network AI inference model, which receives multi-dimensional measured operating condition data collected by the distributed sensing acquisition module, completes model inference calculation locally, and outputs the conductor adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold. It does not require all raw data to be uploaded to a remote server. Even if the wireless communication link is briefly interrupted, the local computing power can still output current carrying capacity constraint commands to ensure the safe operation of the line. At the same time, the module also receives pulse impact measured signals to complete the assessment of the dissipation working status of the pulse buffer integrated material layer, realizing online diagnosis of the material's working status.

[0045] In this embodiment, the integrated material-based pulse-applicable network AI adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor combines the conductor body phase change filling internal thermal management, pulse buffer material layer, gradient insulation, distributed built-in sensing, multi-functional coupling force transmission electrical connection component, detachable edge network AI computing power module, and segmented grounding discharge auxiliary layer into a whole. The material structure hardware unit and the network AI computing power software inference unit cooperate with each other. The hardware material provides accurate raw perception data for the AI ​​model, and the AI ​​model outputs dynamic current-carrying constraints to fully leverage the performance potential of the phase change material and pulse buffer material. The hardware material withstands pulse impacts and suppresses temperature rise. The two work together to achieve the adaptive current-carrying operation target.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the irregular cross-section conductive conductor of the composite conductor unit is a trapezoidal cross-section aluminum-magnesium alloy conductor. Multiple trapezoidal cross-section aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors are stranded in a concentric layer stranding manner. The stranding gap between adjacent conductors is an irregular closed cavity. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material completely fills the stranding gap. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material matrix is ​​a silicone rubber composite matrix. The matrix contains composite modified paraffin-based phase change microcapsules and thermally conductive boron nitride filler. The phase change temperature range is set to 62℃-68℃.

[0047] In this embodiment, the composite conductor unit uses a trapezoidal cross-section aluminum-magnesium alloy conductor. The technical reasons for choosing a trapezoidal cross-section conductor are as follows: After concentric stranding, the contact area between the strands of a circular cross-section conductor is limited, resulting in a large volume of voids in the stranding gaps; the trapezoidal cross-section conductor, after stranding, has a larger contact area between the strands, a higher overall conductor fill factor, a larger actual conductive cross-sectional area under the same conductor outer diameter, and a lower DC resistance, thus improving the conductor's conductivity. Compared to pure aluminum conductors, aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors exhibit improved tensile strength and creep resistance, resulting in better creep relaxation resistance under overhead conductor suspension conditions, making them suitable for long-distance overhead installations. Multiple trapezoidal cross-section aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors are stranded concentrically. After stranding, irregular closed cavities are formed between adjacent conductors. A phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material completely fills all stranding gaps, eliminating air cavities inside the conductors. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material uses a silicone rubber composite matrix. The temperature resistance of the silicone rubber matrix matches the operating temperature of the overhead insulated conductor. It has good elasticity and will not crack or detach from the strands under the conditions of conductor bending and thermal expansion and contraction. The matrix contains composite modified paraffin-based phase change microcapsules and thermally conductive boron nitride filler. Modified paraffin-based phase change microcapsules perform phase change heat storage and absorption functions, while boron nitride filler improves the overall thermal conductivity of the filler material, allowing heat to be quickly transferred across strands and avoiding localized hot spot accumulation. The phase change temperature range is set at 62℃-68℃, a selection based on practical engineering considerations. The normal allowable long-term operating temperature of overhead insulated conductors is 90℃. Under high ambient temperatures and full load operation, the conductor temperature will rise. When the conductor temperature reaches the 62-68℃ phase change range, the phase change microcapsules undergo a solid-liquid phase change, absorbing a large amount of heat, slowing down the rate of conductor temperature rise, delaying the time for the conductor to reach its upper temperature limit, and improving the conductor's short-term overload capacity. When the line load decreases and the conductor temperature drops below the phase change range, the phase change material releases its stored latent heat, smoothing the conductor cooling process and preventing thermal cycling aging of the insulation material caused by drastic temperature fluctuations. If the phase change temperature is set too low, the phase change will be triggered at the normal operating temperature of the conductor. Frequent and repeated phase changes of the phase change material will accelerate the fatigue and damage of the microcapsule shell. If the phase change temperature is set too high, close to the maximum allowable operating temperature of the conductor, the conductor temperature will be close to the safety threshold when the phase change is triggered, and it will not play a buffering and protective role. Therefore, this invention selects a phase change temperature range of 62-68℃ to adapt to the actual operating conditions of 10kV overhead insulated conductors.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the pulse buffer integrated material layer is a composite multilayer co-extruded structure, composed of an inner conductive buffer sublayer and an outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer; the inner conductive buffer sublayer is closely attached to the outer periphery of the composite conductor unit, and the conductive buffer sublayer is made of carbon black modified silicone rubber material; the outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer is made of zinc oxide varistor particles composite polymer substrate; the overall thickness of the pulse buffer integrated material layer is 0.8mm-1.4mm.

[0049] In this embodiment, the pulse buffer integrated material layer is formed into an integrated structure by composite multilayer co-extrusion molding. It consists of an inner conductive buffer sublayer and an outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer. The co-extrusion molding of the two layers ensures a tight fit between the two layers, preventing delamination gaps and local air gap discharge phenomena at the interface. The inner conductive buffer sublayer is closely attached to the outer peripheral wall of the composite conductor unit. The conductive buffer sublayer is made of carbon black modified silicone rubber material. The conductive buffer sublayer has moderate conductivity, ensuring uniform potential at the outer periphery of the conductor and eliminating local electric field concentration caused by microburrs on the conductor surface. The silicone rubber substrate has good elasticity and can deform with the thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor without cracking or delamination. The outer nonlinear varistor sublayer is made of zinc oxide varistor particles composite polymer substrate. This material has typical nonlinear current-voltage characteristics. Under normal power frequency operating voltage conditions of the conductor, the material exhibits a high impedance state with almost no current flowing through it, thus not generating additional power loss. When a transient pulse overvoltage impact occurs, the pulse voltage exceeds the material's threshold voltage, and the material's impedance drops rapidly. A large amount of pulse energy is absorbed and dissipated by the varistor sublayer, converting the pulse impact energy into internal heat energy of the material and inhibiting the transmission of the pulse impact to the outer insulation layer. The overall thickness of the pulse buffer integrated material layer is set between 0.8mm and 1.4mm. There is a trade-off in the selection of the thickness parameter. If the overall thickness is less than 0.8mm, the effective volume of the varistor material layer is insufficient, and the total amount of pulse energy that can be dissipated is limited. When faced with pulse impacts with large amplitude, the material is prone to breakdown failure. If the thickness is greater than 1.4mm, it will increase the overall radial dimension of the conductor and change the outer diameter of the conductor. The original pole and tower hardware clamps and insulating clamps cannot be directly adapted, and the matching hardware needs to be replaced, which violates the original design intention of this invention to not change the external installation conditions. Therefore, the thickness range is limited to 0.8-1.4mm to balance the pulse dissipation capacity and the control target of the overall outer diameter of the conductor.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the functionally graded insulating cover layer adopts a double-layer gradient dielectric structure. The inner layer, near the pulse buffer integrated material layer, is a high-dielectric-low-resistivity insulating sublayer, and the outer layer, near the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, is a low-dielectric-high-resistivity insulating sublayer. The dielectric constant between the two layers decreases continuously and smoothly from the inside to the outside, without any dielectric abrupt interface. The total insulation thickness of the functionally graded insulating cover layer is 2.2mm-3.0mm. The distributed sensing acquisition module includes temperature sensing nodes, Rogowski coil micro current sensing units, and pulse voltage pickup electrodes. Each sensing node is pre-embedded in the functionally graded insulating cover layer at a fixed interval along the conductor axis. The signal leads of all sensing nodes converge to the signal docking port of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component.

[0051] In this embodiment, the functionally graded insulation coating layer adopts a double-layer gradient dielectric structure. The inner layer, near the pulse buffer integrated material layer, is a high-dielectric-low-resistivity insulating sublayer, while the outer layer, near the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, is a low-dielectric-high-resistivity insulating sublayer. The dielectric constant between the two layers decreases smoothly and continuously from the inside to the outside, without any abrupt dielectric interface changes. Conventional insulation uses a single dielectric constant insulating material, resulting in a high electric field strength at the conductor-insulator interface and a low electric field on the outer side of the insulation, leading to uneven radial electric field distribution. Under pulse impact conditions, the electric field distortion at the inner interface is amplified, easily inducing insulation damage. This embodiment of the invention employs a gradient dielectric design, redistributing the radial electric field uniformly by varying the dielectric constant along the radial gradient, reducing the maximum electric field strength at the inner interface of the insulation layer, and improving the insulation's ability to withstand pulse overvoltages. The total insulation thickness of the functionally graded insulation coating layer is set to 2.2mm-3.0mm, which matches the standard insulation thickness specification for 10kV overhead insulated conductors, ensuring electrical safety margins while avoiding excessive increase in conductor outer diameter. The distributed sensing acquisition module includes temperature sensing nodes, Rogowski coil miniature current sensing units, and pulse voltage pickup electrodes. Various sensing nodes are pre-embedded at fixed intervals along the conductor axis within the functionally graded insulation coating. The sensing elements are directly embedded within the insulating medium, allowing direct acquisition of the insulation layer's temperature and local pulse electric field signals, significantly improving acquisition accuracy compared to external sensors. All signal outputs from the sensing nodes converge at the signal interface port of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, eliminating the need for multiple cables to be led out from each sensing unit. This reduces the number of internal leads in the conductor, preventing excessive leads from damaging insulation integrity. All sensing signals are uniformly converged at the coupling force transmission electrical connection component for output, simplifying the internal wiring structure and reducing the risk of internal insulation defects.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer is a segmented semi-conductive metallized composite tape wrapping layer. The grounding discharge auxiliary layer is continuously wrapped only in a local section at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer in the non-assembly section is disconnected and isolated. The metallized side of the grounding discharge auxiliary layer faces the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the outer side of the grounding discharge auxiliary layer is in contact with the protective outer sheath and grounded.

[0053] In this embodiment, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer adopts a segmented semi-conductive metallized composite tape wrapping layer. The grounding discharge auxiliary layer is continuously wrapped only in the local conductor section corresponding to the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. In the non-assembly section between two coupling force transmission electrical connection components, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer is disconnected and isolated, and no axial continuous conductive path is formed. In the prior art, the shielding layer of the overhead insulated conductor is continuously wrapped with a semi-conductive layer along the entire length. During normal operation of the conductor, the semi-conductive shielding layer will continuously generate dielectric loss, increasing the energy consumption of the line operation. At the same time, if the semi-conductive layer is partially damaged and water enters, it will spread along the axial direction of the semi-conductive layer, inducing water tree aging and shortening the insulation life. In this invention, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer is arranged in segments, and the grounding discharge path exists only in the local section where the component is assembled. The rest of the positions are disconnected and isolated. Under normal power frequency operation of the conductor, no dielectric loss is generated throughout the entire length. When a transient pulse impact occurs, the pulse energy is transmitted to the local section where the assembly component is located, and the local grounding discharge auxiliary layer can complete the directional discharge of the pulse energy to the ground through the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The metallized side of the grounding bleed auxiliary layer faces the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the metal conductive surface and the surface of the insulation layer achieve good electrical contact. The outer side contacts the protective outer sheath. The grounding bleed auxiliary layer can only lead out the grounding potential through the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The grounding bleed auxiliary layer potential is suspended at other conductor positions, and no axial conductive channel is formed. This can meet the energy discharge requirements at the moment of pulse fault, and avoid the drawbacks of additional loss and water tree diffusion brought by the semi-conductive shielding layer throughout the line.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly includes a clamping base, a main circuit conductive insert, a signal transmission isolation channel, a locking fastening component, and a docking port. The clamping base is made of high-strength aluminum alloy forging, and the clamping base is half-encircled and clamped outside the protective outer sheath and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer. The locking fastening component provides radial clamping preload. The main circuit conductive insert passes through the protective outer sheath, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the pulse buffer integrated material layer to achieve electrical contact with the composite conductor unit. The signal transmission isolation channel is arranged inside the clamping base and is electrically isolated from the main circuit conductive insert. One end of the signal transmission isolation channel is connected to the signal output end of the distributed sensing acquisition module, and the other end forms a docking port for connecting the edge network AI computing power integrated module. The docking port is sealed and waterproofed. The coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly simultaneously performs four functions: conductor mechanical clamping and fixing, main current conduction, sensor signal isolation transmission, and grounding discharge auxiliary layer potential output.

[0055] In this embodiment, the coupling force transmission electrical connection component is a key composite functional component, comprising a clamping base, a main circuit conductive insert, a signal transmission isolation channel, a locking fastening component, and a docking port. The clamping base is made of high-strength aluminum alloy forging. Compared with castings, forgings have fewer internal porosity defects, higher mechanical strength, and better resistance to outdoor environmental corrosion. The clamping base adopts a semi-encircling structure, encircling and clamping the outer protective sheath and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer. The locking fastening component applies radial clamping preload, ensuring that the entire component is firmly fixed to the conductor body. Under the conditions of wind swaying and thermal expansion and contraction of the overhead line, the component will not slip or rotate. The main circuit conductive insert passes through the outer protective sheath, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the pulse buffer integrated material layer, finally achieving reliable electrical contact with the composite conductor unit. The conductive insert penetrates the multi-layer structure to achieve electrical connection with the main conductor, enabling potential pickup while also undertaking a small portion of shunt conduction function. An independent signal transmission isolation channel is specially designed inside the clamping substrate. This channel maintains electrical isolation from the main circuit conductive insert, achieving physical isolation between the high-voltage main circuit and the low-voltage sensing signal circuit. The technical reason for this structure is that the overhead conductor main circuit contains a strong power frequency electric field and pulsed electromagnetic interference. If the sensing signal line and the main conductive circuit are not isolated, this strong electromagnetic interference will couple into the low-voltage sensing circuit, causing high noise in the acquired signal, data distortion, and deviations in the calculation results. The independent isolation channel separates the sensing signal path from the high-voltage path, ensuring the quality of the sensing signal acquisition. One end of the signal transmission isolation channel connects to the signal output end of the distributed sensing acquisition module, while the other end forms a docking port. This port connects to the edge network AI computing power integration module and is sealed and waterproofed to withstand outdoor rain, snow, and condensation, preventing moisture from entering the port and causing signal short circuits. The coupling force transmission electrical connection component can simultaneously perform four functions: mechanical clamping and fixing of conductors, electrical conduction of main circuit, isolation and transmission of sensor signals, and potential lead-out of grounding and discharge auxiliary layer. It eliminates the need to assemble multiple independent parts such as clamping hardware, grounding hardware, and signal lead-out hardware, thereby reducing the number of external parts of conductors, simplifying on-site assembly procedures, reducing hardware weight, reducing additional wind load on conductors, and adapting to the actual working conditions of overhead lines.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the edge network AI computing power integration module includes a sealed protective housing, a power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit, an edge computing power processing unit, a local storage unit, and a wireless communication unit. The power supply unit draws energy from the conductive insert of the main circuit of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component through electromagnetic induction, without requiring an external independent power supply. The signal conditioning unit receives the raw sensor signal from the docking port and performs signal filtering and amplification. The edge computing power processing unit has a built-in lightweight network AI inference model. The input parameters of the network AI inference model include the measured temperature of the conductor, the insulation layer temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient wind speed, the solar irradiance, the real-time load current, and the transient pulse voltage amplitude. The network AI inference model outputs a dynamic adaptive current carrying capacity threshold and a pulse condition health assessment index. The wireless communication unit uploads the calculation results to the distribution network background control unit and simultaneously receives the constraint correction parameters issued by the background. The sealed protective housing and the coupling force transmission electrical connection component adopt a quick-release snap-fit ​​assembly structure.

[0057] In this embodiment, the edge network AI computing power integration module includes a sealed protective housing, a power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit, an edge computing power processing unit, a local storage unit, and a wireless communication unit. The power supply unit obtains power from the conductive inserts of the main circuit of the coupled force-transmitting electrical connection component through electromagnetic induction. This eliminates the need for an external photovoltaic power source or external power cables. Maintaining an external power source in an outdoor environment with overhead power lines is difficult. Inductive power extraction utilizes the alternating magnetic field of the conductor itself to obtain operating power; the module obtains operating power simply by being energized by the conductor, reducing on-site installation and maintenance workload. The signal conditioning unit receives the raw sensor signal output from the docking port and performs signal filtering, amplification, and noise suppression preprocessing. The raw sensor signal amplitude is weak and is superimposed with outdoor electromagnetic noise, requiring preprocessing by the conditioning unit before being sent to the computing power unit for computation. The edge computing unit incorporates a lightweight network AI inference model. The model's input parameters include measured conductor temperature, insulation temperature, ambient temperature, ambient wind speed, solar irradiance, real-time load current, and transient pulse voltage amplitude. These multi-dimensional parameters fully consider all factors affecting conductor heat dissipation. The network AI inference model outputs two core results: a dynamic adaptive current-carrying capacity threshold for the conductor under current operating conditions, and a pulse condition health assessment index to determine if the pulse buffer integrated material layer has experienced performance degradation or aging. The local storage unit stores historical sensor data and model calculation results locally. If the wireless communication link is interrupted, the data is not directly lost; historical data is retransmitted after communication is restored. The wireless communication unit uploads the calculation results to the distribution network backend control unit and simultaneously receives constraint correction parameters from the backend, enabling bidirectional interaction between the local and backend systems. The sealed protective housing and the coupling force transmission electrical connection components employ a quick-release snap-fit ​​assembly structure. During maintenance and repair, the computing module can be directly disassembled without cutting or dismantling the conductor itself. The module can be replaced individually after failure without affecting the conductor's power transmission function, improving equipment maintainability. This module adopts a local edge inference architecture, rather than simply collecting and uploading data. A large amount of inference and calculation work is completed within the local module next to the conductor, reducing the pressure on wireless communication bandwidth. Even if communication is interrupted for a short time, it can still output the current carrying capacity constraint command locally to ensure the safe operation of the line.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the protective outer sheath is made of weather-resistant and UV-resistant cross-linked polyolefin sheath material. The outer surface of the protective outer sheath is provided with continuous shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures. The shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures are spirally arranged along the conductor axis, with a groove depth of 0.25-0.45mm and a spiral helix angle of 18-26°. The protective outer sheath has a piercing through hole reserved at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component for the main circuit conductive insert to pass through. A sealing ring is provided around the piercing through hole to achieve waterproof sealing.

[0059] In this embodiment, the protective outer sheath is made of weather-resistant and UV-resistant cross-linked polyolefin sheath material. This material is a mature material for overhead cable sheaths, possessing excellent resistance to UV aging, high and low temperature cycling, and environmental corrosion, making it suitable for long-term outdoor overhead operation. The outer surface of the protective outer sheath is processed with a continuous shallow groove heat dissipation microstructure. The shallow grooves are spirally arranged along the conductor axis, with a groove depth controlled at 0.25-0.45mm and a spiral helix angle of 18-26°. The technical mechanism of setting spiral shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures on the outer surface of the outer sheath is as follows: Overhead conductors mainly rely on convection for heat dissipation. The spiral groove structure on the outer surface of the conductor can disturb the air boundary layer flowing around the conductor, destroy the static air insulation layer on the conductor surface, enhance the air convection heat transfer effect, and improve the overall heat dissipation capacity of the conductor. If the groove depth is too large, it will reduce the remaining wall thickness of the sheath, reduce the mechanical protection performance of the sheath, and weaken the wear and crack resistance. If the groove depth is too small, the effect of disturbing the air boundary layer is weak and it cannot enhance the convection heat dissipation effect. The helix angle parameter has also been weighed. If the helix angle is too small, the groove is close to an axial straight groove, which increases the risk of wind-induced vibration. If the helix angle is too large, the groove is close to a circumferential annular groove, which worsens the air disturbance effect. Therefore, the groove depth is selected to be 0.25-0.45mm and the helix angle is selected to be within the parameter range of 18-26°. The protective outer sheath has a pre-drilled through hole at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, which allows the main circuit conductive insert to penetrate. A sealing ring is set around the through hole. After the insert passes through the through hole, the sealing ring is pressed against the outer wall of the insert to achieve a waterproof seal at the puncture position, preventing rainwater from entering the inside of the conductor along the puncture gap and avoiding moisture aging of the internal insulation.

[0060] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a dynamic adaptive current-carrying capacity regulation method for an overhead insulated conductor based on an integrated pulse-applicable network (AI) fused with materials as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1, the distributed sensing acquisition module continuously collects the conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit, the insulation temperature of the functionally graded insulation coating layer, the real-time load current of the line, and the transient pulse impulse voltage signal. Environmental meteorological parameters are synchronously collected by the external meteorological sensing submodule of the edge network AI computing power integration module.

[0062] S2, all the original sensor signals collected are sent to the edge network AI computing power integration module through the internal signal transmission isolation channel of the coupling force electrical connection component. The signal conditioning unit completes noise filtering and signal normalization preprocessing.

[0063] S3, the edge computing power processing unit calls the built-in lightweight network AI inference model, takes the measured multi-dimensional working condition parameters as the model input, and outputs the adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold of the conductor under the current working condition. At the same time, it performs feature extraction on the acquired transient pulse impact signal and evaluates the dissipation working state of the pulse buffer integrated material layer.

[0064] S4, the edge network AI computing power integration module uploads the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold and pulse condition health assessment indicators to the distribution network background control unit through the wireless communication unit. The distribution network background control unit completes the dynamic scheduling of the distribution network line load based on the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold. When a transient pulse impact signal with an amplitude exceeding the preset threshold is detected, the pulse energy is directionally discharged through the grounding discharge auxiliary layer via the coupling force transmission electrical connection component.

[0065] S5, the phase change temperature regulating composite filler material undergoes a solid-liquid phase change according to the conductor temperature change. When the conductor temperature rises to the phase change temperature range, it absorbs heat and releases the stored heat during the conductor temperature drop process. Together with the pulse buffer integrated material layer, it suppresses drastic fluctuations in conductor temperature. When the environmental conditions change, the network AI inference model continuously iterates and updates the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold, so that the conductor current carrying capacity can adapt to changes in external conditions.

[0066] In this embodiment, in step S1, the distributed sensing acquisition module continuously collects the conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit, the insulation temperature of the functionally graded insulation coating layer, the real-time load current of the line, and transient pulse voltage signals. Environmental meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation are synchronously collected by the external meteorological sensing submodule of the edge network AI computing power integration module. This ensures that all internal state parameters of the conductor body and external environmental operating condition parameters are collected completely, providing all input dimensions for AI model inference. In step S2, all raw sensor acquisition signals are sent to the edge network AI computing power integration module through an independent signal transmission isolation channel within the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The signal conditioning unit performs noise filtering and signal normalization preprocessing to eliminate signal noise interference caused by the outdoor electromagnetic environment and normalize sensor signals of different dimensions to adapt to the input format requirements of the network AI inference model. In step S3, the edge computing power processing unit calls the internal lightweight network AI inference model, using measured multi-dimensional operating parameters as model input. The model calculates and outputs the allowable adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold for the conductor under the current actual operating conditions. Simultaneously, it extracts pulse time-domain and frequency-domain features from the collected transient pulse impact signals, compares them with the historical pulse response database, evaluates the dissipation status of the pulse buffer integrated material layer, and determines whether the pulse buffer material has experienced performance degradation. In step S4, the edge network AI computing power integration module uploads the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold and pulse operating condition health assessment indicators to the distribution network backend control unit via the wireless communication unit. After obtaining the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold, the distribution network backend control unit no longer uses a fixed rated current carrying capacity, but performs dynamic load scheduling of distribution network lines based on the real-time dynamic threshold to fully explore the current carrying potential of the conductor. When the system generates a transient pulse impact signal with an amplitude exceeding the preset threshold, the pulse energy passes through the grounding discharge auxiliary layer and is then directionally discharged to the ground through the coupling force transmission electrical connection component, reducing the damage of the pulse to the insulation layer. In step S5, the phase change temperature-regulating composite filler material undergoes a solid-liquid phase change along with the conductor temperature. As the conductor temperature rises and enters the phase change temperature range, the phase change material absorbs a large amount of heat, suppressing the conductor's temperature rise rate. When the line load decreases and the conductor temperature drops, the phase change material releases its stored latent heat, smoothing the conductor's cooling process and reducing drastic temperature fluctuations. The internal thermal management effect of the phase change temperature-regulating composite filler material and the pulse dissipation effect of the pulse buffer integrated material layer work together to stabilize the thermal state of the conductor. When environmental meteorological conditions and line loads change, the network AI inference model continuously iterates and updates the dynamic current-carrying capacity threshold based on the latest collected operating parameters, enabling the conductor's allowable current-carrying capacity to adapt to real-time changes in external operating conditions, achieving dynamic capacity expansion of existing overhead insulated conductors without replacing tower hardware.

[0067] As a preferred implementation, the training samples of the lightweight network AI inference model include thermal simulation datasets of conductors under different environmental temperatures, wind speeds, solar radiation, and pulse impact amplitudes, as well as field test measurement datasets. The model inference process is set with temperature safety hard constraints. When the measured conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit exceeds the long-term allowable maximum operating temperature of the insulation material of 90°C, a forced load reduction command is directly output, shielding the calculated current carrying capacity threshold output by the model, and prioritizing the insulation safety of the overhead insulated conductor itself.

[0068] In this embodiment, the constraint mechanism of the lightweight network AI inference model was further designed. The training dataset of the lightweight network AI inference model includes two main categories of datasets. The first category is a multi-physics thermal simulation dataset of conductors under different environmental temperatures, wind speeds, solar irradiance, and pulse impact amplitudes, which obtains a large number of boundary condition samples through simulation. The second category is a real measured dataset obtained from conductor type tests and field tests. The simulation dataset supplements the extreme conditions that are difficult to cover by real test samples, while the measured dataset ensures that the model fits the actual engineering situation. The two types of samples are mixed to complete the model training, ensuring the engineering reliability of the model inference results. The model inference process enforces a temperature safety hard constraint mechanism. This hard constraint has higher priority than the AI ​​model's calculation output. When the measured conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit exceeds the long-term allowable maximum operating temperature of 90°C for the insulation material, a forced load reduction command is directly output, shielding the calculated current-carrying threshold output by the model and prioritizing the safety of the overhead insulated conductor's insulation body. The technical reason for setting hard constraints is that network AI models rely on sample training for inference, which carries a small probability of inference bias. Increasing the temperature hard safety threshold means that no matter how much theoretical allowable current the model calculates, once the actual measured temperature of the conductor reaches the maximum allowable long-term temperature of the insulation, the load reduction protection is immediately triggered to avoid the abnormal model output causing the conductor to overheat and burn out. This forms a dual safety protection system and improves the robustness of the entire system.

[0069] Application Example 1

[0070] This application example 1 is an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor with integrated pulse network AI for 10kV urban distribution network trunk lines. The conductor's equivalent outer diameter is consistent with that of the conventional JKLYJ-10kV-120mm² overhead insulated conductor. It does not require modification of the original towers, clamps, or insulation fittings, and is suitable for existing line capacity expansion and renovation projects.

[0071] The composite conductor unit uses concentric stranded aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors with a trapezoidal cross-section, with a total conductive cross-sectional area of ​​120 mm². The stranded gaps are completely filled with a phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material. The phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material, with its silicone rubber matrix, is incorporating 23 wt% modified paraffin-based phase-change microcapsules. These microcapsules have a phase-change temperature range of 62-68℃, and 12 wt% thermally conductive boron nitride filler is added to enhance thermal conductivity. The pulse buffer integrated material layer is produced using multi-layer co-extrusion molding. The inner carbon black-modified silicone rubber conductive buffer sublayer is 0.4 mm thick, while the outer zinc oxide varistor particle composite polymer varistor impedance sublayer is 0.7 mm thick, resulting in a total pulse buffer integrated material layer thickness of 1.1 mm. The functionally graded insulation coating layer has a total thickness of 2.6 mm, with the dielectric constant smoothly decreasing from 4.2 to 2.7 from the inside out, without any dielectric abrupt change interfaces. The distributed sensing acquisition module has a set of sensing nodes placed every 80 meters along the axial distance of the conductor. Each set of sensing nodes integrates a PT100 temperature sensing node, a miniature Rogowski coil current sensing unit, and a pulse voltage pickup electrode. All sensing signals converge to the coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly, which is installed on the conductor every 400 meters. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer uses a metallized semi-conductive composite tape, which is wrapped only in the conductor sections before and after each set of coupling force transmission electrical connection assemblies. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer is disconnected and isolated in the conductor section between the two assemblies, so as not to form a continuous axial conductive path. The protective outer sheath is made of weather-resistant cross-linked polyolefin material, with a spiral shallow groove heat dissipation microstructure on the outer surface of the sheath. The groove depth is 0.32mm and the spiral helix angle is 22°. The protective outer sheath has a pre-drilled through hole at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly, and the through hole is fitted with a silicone rubber sealing ring. The edge network AI computing power integration module is quickly assembled onto the outside of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component using a snap-fit ​​design. The module relies on electromagnetic induction in the main circuit for power, eliminating the need for an external power supply. The lightweight network AI inference model training samples include 21,000 sets of multiphysics simulation samples and 3,200 sets of type test measured samples; the model is equipped with hard safety constraints, and a forced load reduction command is directly issued when the measured conductor temperature exceeds 90°C.

[0072] The actual engineering test conditions for this application example 1 are: ambient temperature 35℃, ambient wind speed 0.5m / s, solar irradiance 1000W / m², typical harsh conditions of high temperature, no wind, and strong sunlight in summer, and the conventional fixed rated current carrying capacity of the conductor is 310A. The conductor network AI model of this application example 1 collects all operating condition parameters and outputs an adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold of 327A. When the line load increases for a short time, the conductor temperature rises to 64.3℃. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material enters the phase change range, absorbs a large amount of heat, and the conductor temperature rise rate is significantly suppressed. The conductor temperature does not exceed the safety threshold of 90℃ after withstanding a short-term 360A overload for 18 minutes. When a transient pulse impact with an amplitude of 18kV is applied, the pulse buffer integrated material layer completes the pulse energy dissipation, and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer completes the directional discharge of pulse energy in a local section. No local overheating phenomenon occurs in the insulation layer. Under the condition of wireless communication simulation interruption test, the edge network AI computing power integrated module continues to output dynamic current carrying capacity constraints locally and does not lose its protection capability. The conductor in this application embodiment 1 achieves adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity under operating conditions while maintaining the original external installation dimensions of the conductor, improves short-term overload capacity, withstands transient pulse impacts of the distribution network, and is suitable for priority capacity expansion and renovation of existing urban distribution networks.

[0073] Application Example 2

[0074] This application example 2 uses an adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor with integrated pulse-applicable network AI (AI) based on fusion materials in a 10kV suburban area prone to pulse faults. It is adapted to suburban distribution network lines prone to lightning-induced pulses, and the conductor's external contour dimensions are comparable to those of a conventional JKLYJ-10kV-185mm² overhead insulated conductor.

[0075] The composite conductor unit consists of concentrically stranded trapezoidal aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors with a total conductive cross-sectional area of ​​185 mm². The stranding gaps are filled with a phase-change temperature-regulating composite filler material. 25 wt% modified paraffin phase-change microcapsules are added to the silicone rubber matrix, with a phase-change temperature range of 62-68℃. 14 wt% boron nitride is used as the thermally conductive filler. The pulse buffer integrated material layer has a total thickness of 1.3 mm, with an inner conductive buffer sublayer thickness of 0.45 mm and an outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer thickness of 0.85 mm, to improve pulse energy dissipation capacity. The functionally graded insulation coating layer has a total insulation thickness of 2.8 mm, with the dielectric constant smoothly transitioning from 4.3 on the inner side to 2.6 on the outer side. A distributed sensing acquisition module has a set of sensing nodes arranged axially every 60 meters to increase pulse signal acquisition density. A set of coupling force transmission electrical connection components is installed every 300 meters along the conductor. A grounding and discharge auxiliary layer is continuously wrapped around each component for 1.5 m sections before and after it, with the middle section disconnected for isolation. The protective outer sheath is a cross-linked polyolefin sheath with a spiral heat dissipation groove depth of 0.38mm and a spiral helix angle of 24°. The puncture holes are equipped with thickened sealing rings, making it suitable for suburban areas with frequent rain and condensation. The edge network AI computing power integrated module is detachable and uses electromagnetic induction for power harvesting. The lightweight network AI inference model training dataset includes 26,000 sets of thermal-electric field coupling simulation samples and 4,100 sets of lightning pulse test samples, enhancing its ability to evaluate pulse conditions. A hard descent constraint of 90℃ is set for the conductor temperature.

[0076] The measured operating conditions of this application embodiment 2 include: an ambient temperature of 26℃, an ambient wind speed of 2.8m / s, a solar irradiance of 550W / m², and moderate meteorological conditions in spring and autumn. The fixed rated current carrying capacity of the conventional JKLYJ-10kV-185mm² conductor is 415A. The network AI model of this application embodiment 2 outputs an adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold of 482A through local inference, fully releasing the current carrying capacity potential of the conductor. A simulated lightning induced pulse impact test is conducted, with 20 consecutive impacts of a 24kV induced pulse. The pulse buffer integrated material layer absorbs and dissipates the pulse energy, and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer directionally discharges the pulse energy in a local section. The edge network AI computing power integrated module evaluates the working status of the pulse buffer integrated material layer based on the pulse waveform characteristics collected by the sensor, and completes online diagnosis of the material performance. A short-time overload test is conducted, with a short-time load of 530A on the line. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material undergoes a phase change and absorbs heat, maintaining the conductor temperature below the safety threshold of 90℃ for 24 minutes. A simulated wireless communication disconnection is performed, and the local edge computing power unit independently completes the current carrying capacity assessment output. This application example 2 is suitable for suburban distribution network overhead lines that are prone to lightning pulses, taking into account both adaptive current carrying capacity and strong pulse tolerance.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor that integrates material-integrated pulse-applicable network AI, characterized in that, include: Composite conductor unit, pulse buffer integrated material layer, functionally graded insulation covering layer, distributed sensing acquisition module, edge network AI computing power integrated module, coupling force transmission electrical connection component, grounding and current discharge auxiliary layer, and protective outer sheath; among which: The composite conductor unit is the current-carrying substrate of the conductor. The composite conductor unit is formed by stranding multiple strands of conductive conductors with different cross-sections to form a stranding gap. The inside of the stranding gap is filled with a phase change temperature-regulating composite filler material. The pulse buffer integrated material layer is covered and disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the composite conductor unit. The pulse buffer integrated material layer is used to dissipate the transient pulse impact energy of the power grid and suppress the sudden temperature rise of the conductor caused by the transient pulse. The functionally graded insulation coating covers the outside of the pulse buffer integrated material layer. The dielectric parameter of the functionally graded insulation coating changes continuously from the inside to the outside. A distributed sensing module is embedded inside the functionally graded insulation coating. The distributed sensing module is used to collect conductor operating temperature, insulation layer temperature, conductor load current, and transient pulse voltage signals. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer is arranged in a local area outside the functionally graded insulation coating and is electrically connected to the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The protective outer sheath covers the outer surface of the grounding and bleed auxiliary layer and the functionally graded insulation coating. The coupling force transmission electrical connection component is spaced along the conductor axis on the conductor body, coupling force transmission... The air connection component simultaneously achieves mechanical clamping and fixing, main circuit electrical conduction, and sensor signal coupling and transmission. The edge network AI computing power integration module is detachably and fixedly assembled outside the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The signal input end of the edge network AI computing power integration module and the distributed sensing acquisition module establish a signal connection through the internal signal path of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The edge network AI computing power integration module has a built-in network AI inference model, receives multi-dimensional measured data from the distributed sensing acquisition module, calculates and outputs the adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold of the conductor in real time, outputs current carrying capacity constraint commands to the line background control unit based on the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold, and completes pulse energy dissipation state assessment based on the pulse impact measured signal.

2. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite conductor unit has a trapezoidal cross-section conductive conductor, which is an aluminum-magnesium alloy conductor. Multiple trapezoidal aluminum-magnesium alloy conductors are stranded in a concentric layer stranding manner. The stranding gap between adjacent conductors is an irregular closed cavity. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material completely fills the stranding gap. The phase change temperature regulating composite filler material matrix is ​​a silicone rubber composite matrix. The matrix contains modified paraffin-based phase change microcapsules and thermally conductive boron nitride filler. The phase change temperature range is set to 62℃-68℃.

3. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pulse buffer integrated material layer is a composite multilayer co-extruded structure, composed of an inner conductive buffer sublayer and an outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer. The inner conductive buffer sublayer is closely attached to the outer periphery of the composite conductor unit and is made of carbon black modified silicone rubber material. The outer nonlinear varistor impedance sublayer is made of zinc oxide varistor particles composite polymer substrate. The overall thickness of the pulse buffer integrated material layer is 0.8mm-1.4mm.

4. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The functionally graded insulation coating adopts a double-layer gradient dielectric structure. The inner layer, near the pulse buffer integrated material layer, is a high-dielectric-low-resistivity insulating sublayer, while the outer layer, near the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, is a low-dielectric-high-resistivity insulating sublayer. The dielectric constant between the two layers decreases continuously and smoothly from the inside to the outside, without any dielectric abrupt interface. The total insulation thickness of the functionally graded insulation coating is 2.2mm-3.0mm. The distributed sensing acquisition module includes temperature sensing nodes, Rogowski coil micro current sensing units, and pulse voltage pickup electrodes. Each sensing node is pre-embedded in the functionally graded insulation coating at a fixed interval along the conductor axis. The signal leads of all sensing nodes converge to the signal docking port of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component.

5. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer is a segmented semi-conductive metallized composite tape wrapping layer. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer is continuously wrapped only in local sections at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. The grounding and bleed auxiliary layer in non-assembly sections is disconnected and isolated. The metallized side of the grounding and bleed auxiliary layer faces the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the outer side of the grounding and bleed auxiliary layer is in contact with the protective outer sheath and grounded.

6. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly includes a clamping base, a main circuit conductive insert, a signal transmission isolation channel, a locking fastening component, and a docking port. The clamping base is made of high-strength aluminum alloy forgings and is partially wrapped around the outside of the protective outer sheath and the grounding discharge auxiliary layer. The locking fastening component provides radial clamping preload. The main circuit conductive insert passes through the protective outer sheath, the grounding discharge auxiliary layer, the functionally graded insulation covering layer, and the pulse buffer integrated material layer to achieve electrical contact with the composite conductor unit. The signal transmission isolation channel is arranged inside the clamping base and is electrically isolated from the main circuit conductive insert. One end of the signal transmission isolation channel is connected to the signal output end of the distributed sensing acquisition module, and the other end forms a docking port for connecting the edge network AI computing power integrated module. The docking port is sealed and waterproof. The coupling force transmission electrical connection assembly simultaneously performs four functions: conductor mechanical clamping and fixing, main current conduction, sensor signal isolation transmission, and grounding discharge auxiliary layer potential output.

7. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The edge network AI computing power integrated module includes a sealed protective housing, a power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit, an edge computing power processing unit, a local storage unit, and a wireless communication unit. The power supply unit draws energy from the conductive insert of the main circuit of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component through electromagnetic induction, without requiring an external independent power supply. The signal conditioning unit receives the raw sensor signal from the docking port and performs signal filtering and amplification. The edge computing power processing unit has a built-in lightweight network AI inference model. The input parameters of the network AI inference model include the measured temperature of the conductor, the insulation temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient wind speed, the solar irradiance, the real-time load current, and the transient pulse voltage amplitude. The network AI inference model outputs a dynamic adaptive current carrying capacity threshold and a pulse condition health assessment index. The wireless communication unit uploads the calculation results to the distribution network background control unit and simultaneously receives the constraint correction parameters issued by the background. The sealed protective housing and the coupling force transmission electrical connection component adopt a quick-release snap-fit ​​assembly structure.

8. The adaptive current-carrying overhead insulated conductor for fusion material integrated pulse-applicable network AI as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The protective outer sheath is made of weather-resistant and UV-resistant cross-linked polyolefin sheath material. The outer surface of the protective outer sheath is provided with continuous shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures. The shallow groove heat dissipation microstructures are spirally arranged along the conductor axis, with a groove depth of 0.25-0.45mm and a spiral helix angle of 18-26°. The protective outer sheath has a piercing through hole reserved at the assembly position of the coupling force transmission electrical connection component for the main circuit conductive insert to pass through. A sealing ring is set around the piercing through hole to achieve waterproof sealing.

9. A dynamic adaptive current-carrying capacity control method for an overhead insulated conductor based on an integrated material pulse-applicable network (AI) as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the distributed sensing acquisition module continuously collects the conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit, the insulation temperature of the functionally graded insulation coating layer, the real-time load current of the line, and the transient pulse impulse voltage signal. Environmental meteorological parameters are synchronously collected by the external meteorological sensing submodule of the edge network AI computing power integration module. S2, all the original sensor signals collected are sent to the edge network AI computing power integration module through the internal signal transmission isolation channel of the coupling force electrical connection component. The signal conditioning unit completes noise filtering and signal normalization preprocessing. S3, the edge computing power processing unit calls the built-in lightweight network AI inference model, takes the measured multi-dimensional working condition parameters as the model input, and outputs the adaptive dynamic current carrying capacity threshold of the conductor under the current working condition. At the same time, it performs feature extraction on the acquired transient pulse impact signal and evaluates the dissipation working state of the pulse buffer integrated material layer. S4, the edge network AI computing power integration module uploads the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold and pulse condition health assessment indicators to the distribution network background control unit through the wireless communication unit. The distribution network background control unit completes the dynamic scheduling of the distribution network line load based on the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold. When a transient pulse impact signal with an amplitude exceeding the preset threshold is detected, the pulse energy is directionally discharged through the grounding discharge auxiliary layer via the coupling force transmission electrical connection component. S5, the phase change temperature regulating composite filler material undergoes a solid-liquid phase change according to the conductor temperature change. When the conductor temperature rises to the phase change temperature range, it absorbs heat and releases the stored heat during the conductor temperature drop process. Together with the pulse buffer integrated material layer, it suppresses drastic fluctuations in conductor temperature. When the environmental conditions change, the network AI inference model continuously iterates and updates the dynamic current carrying capacity threshold, so that the conductor current carrying capacity can adapt to changes in external conditions.

10. The dynamic adaptive current-carrying capacity regulation method for overhead insulated conductors based on the integrated material pulse application network AI according to claim 9, characterized in that, The training samples for the lightweight network AI inference model include thermal simulation datasets of conductors under different environmental temperatures, wind speeds, solar radiation, and pulse impact amplitudes, as well as field test and measurement datasets. The model inference process is equipped with hard temperature safety constraints. When the measured conductor temperature of the composite conductor unit exceeds the maximum long-term allowable operating temperature of the insulation material (90°C), a forced load reduction command is directly output, shielding the calculated current-carrying capacity threshold output by the model and prioritizing the insulation safety of the overhead insulated conductor itself.

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