Terminal box structure for three-dimensional superconducting coils of a stellarator

Abstract

The application discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator, the three-dimensional superconducting coil of the stellarator comprising at least two multi-pie coils which are arranged in a stack, each of the multi-pie coils having an incoming wire head and an outgoing wire head, one of the incoming wire heads being a total incoming wire head and one of the outgoing wire heads being a total outgoing wire head. The terminal box structure comprises a first handshake connector terminal, a second handshake connector terminal and at least one archway connector terminal, the first handshake connector terminal being used for connecting the total incoming wire head and an external incoming wire lead, the second handshake connector terminal being used for connecting the total outgoing wire head and an external outgoing wire lead; and the at least one archway connector terminal being used for connecting the at least two multi-pie coils in series, each of the archway connector terminals being used for connecting the outgoing wire head of one of any two adjacent multi-pie coils and the incoming wire head of the other multi-pie coil. The corresponding wire heads are connected through the special connector terminals, which is more convenient and simpler in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting coil winding technology, and in particular to a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. Background Technology

[0002] Stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coils are generally non-planar, spatially twisted three-dimensional irregular structures, and are typically composed of multiple multi-pane coils, which are usually double-pane coils. Taking a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil with three double-pane coils as an example, the three double-pane coils have six leads. The connection, cooling, and insulation of each lead have special requirements. Traditional terminal boxes can generally only be used with planar coils, and they can only be used with a single lead. They cannot provide good connection, cooling, and insulation for multiple leads arranged in this spatial position.

[0003] Therefore, the existing technology lacks a terminal connection structure for fixing, connecting, cooling, and insulating the multiple output and input terminals of the three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem in the prior art of lacking a terminal connection structure for fixing, connecting, cooling and insulating multiple output and input heads of a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil. The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil includes at least two multi-pane coils stacked together. Each multi-pane coil has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the multi-pane coil at the first end constitutes the total inlet of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil, and the outlet of the multi-pane coil at the tail end constitutes the total outlet of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil.

[0006] The terminal box structure includes a first handshake-type connector terminal, a second handshake-type connector terminal, and at least one arched connector terminal. The first handshake-type connector terminal is used to connect the main inlet head and the external inlet lead, and the second handshake-type connector terminal is used to connect the main outlet head and the external outlet lead. At least one arched connector terminal is used to connect at least two multi-pane coils in series, and each arched connector terminal is used to connect the outlet head of one of any two adjacent multi-pane coils to the inlet head of the other multi-pane coil.

[0007] By employing the above technical solution, this invention distinguishes the input and output terminals of at least two multi-coil coils, dividing them into a main input terminal, a main output terminal, and other output and input terminals located between the main input and main output terminals for series connection. The main input and main output terminals are connected to external input and external output leads respectively via a first handshake-type connector terminal, a second handshake-type connector terminal, and an external input lead, while any two adjacent input and output terminals within the coil are connected via a clasp-type connector terminal. This allows at least two multi-coil coils to be connected in series, and each multi-coil coil's input and output terminals are connected via specific connector terminals.

[0008] Furthermore, the first handshake-type connector terminal connects the main inlet terminal to the external inlet lead, and the second handshake-type connector terminal connects the main outlet terminal to the external outlet lead. This provides mechanical positioning and fixation for the lead ends, constraining the displacement of the main inlet and outlet terminals, resisting thermal expansion and contraction, external pulling forces, and vibrations, and preventing the connectors from detaching. The arch-hand type connector terminal is specifically used for series connection between adjacent multi-pane coils, electrically connecting the outlet terminal of one multi-pane coil to the inlet terminal of the next multi-pane coil. This allows for the sequential series connection of stacked multi-pane coils without the need for scattered lead connections on the outside of the coil body, simplifying the wiring layout between pane coils, and mechanically clamping and fixing adjacent outlet and inlet terminals. Each outlet and inlet terminal can be fixed, connected, cooled, and insulated, with a simpler structure and layout, improving the operational reliability of the superconducting coil and facilitating assembly and maintenance.

[0009] The present invention also discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. Each of the first and second handshake connector terminals includes a first terminal and a second terminal. The first and second terminals are stacked and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the handshake connector terminal, and their sides are electrically connected to each other. The first and second terminals each have a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along their length direction. The first end of the second terminal is located closer to the first end of the first terminal relative to the second end.

[0010] In the first handshake-type connector terminal, the first end of the first terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the main inlet terminal, and the second end of the second terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the external inlet lead; in the second handshake-type connector terminal, the first end of the first terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the main outlet terminal, and the second end of the second terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the external outlet lead.

[0011] Using the above technical solution, each handshake-type connector terminal includes a first terminal and a second terminal that are stacked and electrically connected. The main inlet and external inlet leads are fixed to the first and second terminals respectively, and then electrically connected through the first and second terminals. Similarly, the main outlet and external outlet leads are fixed to the first and second terminals respectively, and then electrically connected through the first and second terminals. The first and second terminals form a stacked configuration similar to a handshake, which increases the connection area of ​​the main inlet, main outlet, and external outlet leads, and improves connection stability.

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. The handshake connector terminal further includes two rows of insulating pressure plates arranged in opposite directions. Each row of insulating pressure plates includes multiple insulating pressure plates spaced apart along the length direction of the handshake connector terminal. The multiple insulating pressure plates in the two rows of insulating pressure plates correspond one to one and are arranged in opposite directions and are detachably fixedly connected by fasteners. The first terminal and the second terminal are pressed between the two rows of insulating pressure plates.

[0013] An insulating patch is filled between any two adjacent insulating plates in each row; the insulating patch and the outer periphery of the insulating plate are covered with an insulating layer.

[0014] Using the above technical solution, paired insulating pressure plates facing each other provide controllable clamping force with fasteners, pressing the stacked first and second terminals tightly together to ensure a tight fit between the stacked contact surfaces of the two terminals, maintaining a stable and large-area electrical contact. Further, multiple insulating pressure plates spaced apart along the length direction are used to distribute pressure at multiple points, avoiding localized stress concentration at the terminals caused by single-point clamping. This makes the contact force on the first and second terminals more uniform along the length direction, and also restrains the planar displacement of the terminals, preventing misalignment, shifting, or warping of the first and second terminals. An insulating layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the insulating blocks and insulating pressure plates for insulation protection.

[0015] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator, wherein the handshake-type connector terminal further includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe.

[0016] The first cooling pipe is located on the side of the second end of the first terminal away from the first end, and the first cooling pipe is used to cool the first terminal.

[0017] The second cooling pipe is located on the side of the first end of the second terminal away from the second end, and the second cooling pipe is used to cool the second terminal.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe can respectively cool the first terminal and the second terminal.

[0019] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. The arch-shaped connector terminal includes two voltage-conducting blocks stacked and in contact with each other in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the arch-shaped connector terminal. The two voltage-conducting blocks have wire-pressing grooves on their facing sides, and the slots of the wire-pressing grooves of the two voltage-conducting blocks face each other. The wire-pressing grooves of the two voltage-conducting blocks are used to accommodate the output and input wires of two adjacent multi-panel coils connected in series, and the output and input wires connected in series are stacked.

[0020] Two voltage-conducting blocks are provided with multiple corresponding connection holes at intervals, and are fixed by connecting parts passing through the connection holes in sequence, so that the output and input ends of two adjacent multi-coil coils connected in series are respectively pressed into the pressure grooves of the two voltage-conducting blocks.

[0021] Using the above technical solution, the two opposing sides of the arch-shaped connector terminal are provided with wire pressing grooves. The output and input ends of two adjacent multi-panel coils connected in series are located in the wire pressing grooves. Compared with the traditional messy splicing method, this structure can standardize the splice connection layout, allowing the two sets of superconducting leads to fit tightly and be neatly aligned. The two conductive blocks increase the electrical contact area of ​​the output and input ends, reduce resistance, and improve connection stability, further enhancing the safety of superconducting coil operation.

[0022] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. The arched connector end also includes a connector box, which covers the outer periphery of two conductive blocks. The connector box includes a box body, a first baffle and a second baffle. The first baffle and the second baffle are disposed at both ends of the box body along its length. The first baffle is provided with two wire-passing holes adapted to the inlet and outlet wires. After the inlet and outlet wires pass through the wire-passing holes, they are respectively pressed into the wire-pressing grooves of the two conductive blocks.

[0023] The arched connector also includes a cooling pipe, which is located at the end of the two conductive blocks away from the inlet and outlet. The second baffle is provided with a through hole adapted to the cooling pipe. The cooling pipe passes through the through hole and communicates with the connector box, and cools the conductive blocks, inlet and outlet located in the connector box.

[0024] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. Insulating blocks are provided on the side of the first baffle and the second baffle away from the box body. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the junction box and the insulating blocks are covered with an insulating layer.

[0025] Using the above technical solution, insulating blocks and insulating layers are used to improve the insulation performance of the arch-type connector terminals.

[0026] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil. The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil includes three multi-pane coils, which include a first multi-pane coil, a second multi-pane coil, and a third multi-pane coil stacked together. At least one arched connector terminal includes a first arched connector terminal and a second arched connector terminal.

[0027] The input terminals of the first multi-coil coil constitute the main input terminals of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil.

[0028] The output end of the first multi-coil coil and the input end of the second multi-coil coil are fixed and electrically connected through the first arched connector terminal.

[0029] The output end of the second multi-coil and the input end of the third multi-coil are fixed and electrically connected through the second arched connector terminal.

[0030] The output ends of the third multi-coil coil constitute the total output ends of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil.

[0031] Using the above technical solution, the six wire ends of the three multi-pane coils are electrically connected through the first handshake connector terminal, the second handshake connector terminal, the first arched connector terminal, and the second arched connector terminal, respectively, so that the three multi-pane coils are connected in series and electrically connected to the external incoming lead and the external outgoing lead in sequence.

[0032] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil. A stellarator coil box is provided outside the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil. The terminal box structure also includes a support frame. The support frame is detachably disposed at one end of the stellarator coil box via a mounting base. Each arched connector terminal and each handshake connector terminal are detachably disposed on the support frame.

[0033] The above technical solution uses the stellarator coil box as the mounting base to support all the handshake-type and arch-type connector terminals. It also provides spatial support and positioning for the handshake-type and arch-type connector terminals, ensuring that the relative positions of each wire end and the corresponding connector terminal are fixed. This prevents the connectors from drifting or shaking during operation, and prevents changes in the distance between different wire ends from causing insulation safety hazards. This structure also facilitates later inspection or maintenance.

[0034] The present invention discloses a terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator. The support frame includes a frame body, and four support structures are provided on the side of the frame body away from the stellarator coil.

[0035] The four support structures are detachably fixed to the frame body by fastening components; and each support structure is equipped with a support frame.

[0036] The first handshake-type connector terminal, the first arched-hand connector terminal, the second arched-hand connector terminal, and the second handshake-type connector terminal are respectively installed in each corresponding support structure through corresponding support frames.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, four independent and detachable support structures are set on the outside of the frame body, along with dedicated support frames. This allows for independent installation of the first handshake-type connector terminal, two sets of arched-hand connector terminals, and the second handshake-type connector terminal, clearly distinguishing the multiple connectors of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil. The independent modularity of this structure allows for independent assembly and maintenance of individual connector sets without overall disassembly, significantly improving assembly accuracy and maintenance convenience. It is suitable for the low-temperature, high-current operating conditions of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil, significantly improving the overall insulation performance and operational reliability of the terminal box. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the corresponding wire ends are fixed by a handshake-type connector terminal and an arch-type connector terminal.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the handshake-type connector terminal in the terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the handshake-type connector terminal in the terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 An exploded view of the handshake-type connector terminal in the terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the arched connector terminal in the terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the arched connector terminal in the terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 An exploded view of the arched connector terminal in the terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the support frame is installed at the end of the stellarator coil box;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and support structure in the terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional superconducting coil and terminal box structure for a stellarator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0049] 10. Stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil;

[0050] 101. Main inlet terminal; 102. Main outlet terminal; 103. First outlet terminal; 104. Second inlet terminal; 105. Second outlet terminal; 106. Third inlet terminal;

[0051] 110. Stellarator coil box;

[0052] 20. Terminal box structure;

[0053] 210. First handshake-type connector terminal; 220. Second handshake-type connector terminal;

[0054] 201. First terminal block; 202. Second terminal block; 203. Insulating pressure plate; 204. Insulating patch; 205. First cooling pipe; 206. Second cooling pipe;

[0055] 300. Arch-hand type connector terminal;

[0056] 301. Conductive block; 302. Wire clamping groove; 303. Connector box; 304. Box body; 305. First baffle; 306. Second baffle; 307. Cooling pipe;

[0057] 401. External incoming lead wire; 402. External outgoing lead wire;

[0058] 500. Supporting frame;

[0059] 510. Supporting structure. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] This embodiment discloses a terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil. The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil includes at least two multi-pane coils stacked together, each multi-pane coil having an inlet and an outlet.

[0062] The inlet of the multi-coil coil at the beginning constitutes the main inlet of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil, while the outlet of the multi-coil coil at the end constitutes the main outlet of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil.

[0063] It should be noted that the multi-pane coil at the beginning can be the bottom layer multi-pane coil, and the multi-pane coil at the end can be the top layer multi-pane coil; or, the multi-pane coil at the beginning can be the top layer multi-pane coil, and the multi-pane coil at the end can be the bottom layer multi-pane coil; of course, the multi-pane coils at the beginning and end can also be set according to requirements, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0064] Please see Figure 1 The terminal box structure 20 includes a first handshake connector terminal 210, a second handshake connector terminal 220, and at least one arched connector terminal 300.

[0065] The first handshake-type connector terminal 210 is used to connect the main inlet terminal 101 and the external inlet lead 401, and the second handshake-type connector terminal 220 is used to connect the main outlet terminal 102 and the external outlet lead 402; at least one arched connector terminal 300 is used to connect at least two multi-pane coils in series, and each arched connector terminal 300 is used to connect the outlet of one of any two adjacent multi-pane coils to the inlet of the other multi-pane coil.

[0066] It should be noted that the number of multi-pane coils in the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10 is unlimited. For example, two, three, four or even more multi-pane coils can be set. Furthermore, the specific number of pane coils in each multi-pane coil is unlimited. For example, the multi-pane coil can be a double-pane coil, a triple-pane coil, a quadruple-pane coil, etc. In this embodiment, a double-pane coil is used as an example for explanation.

[0067] For example, in one feasible scheme, taking the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10 having two multi-pane coils as an example, a first handshake connector terminal 210, a second handshake connector terminal 220, and an arched connector terminal 300 are required. The inlet of the first multi-pane coil constitutes the total inlet 101 of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, and is connected to the external inlet lead 401 through the first handshake connector terminal 210. The outlet of the first multi-pane coil and the inlet of the second multi-pane coil are connected through the arched connector terminal 300. The outlet of the second multi-pane coil constitutes the total outlet 102 of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, and is connected to the external outlet lead 402 through the second handshake connector terminal 220.

[0068] For example, in another feasible solution, taking the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10 having three multi-pane coils as an example, a first handshake connector terminal 210, a second handshake connector terminal 220, and two arched connector terminals 300 are required. The inlet of the first multi-pane coil constitutes the total inlet 101 of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, and is connected to the external inlet lead 401 through the first handshake connector terminal 210. The outlet of the first multi-pane coil and the inlet of the second multi-pane coil are connected through the arched connector terminal 300. The outlet of the second multi-pane coil and the inlet of the third multi-pane coil are connected through the arched connector terminal 300. The outlet of the third multi-pane coil constitutes the total outlet 102 of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, and is connected to the external outlet lead 402 through the second handshake connector terminal 220.

[0069] It should be noted that the first handshake-type connector terminal 210 and the second handshake-type connector terminal 220 have the same structure. Furthermore, the differences and design principles between handshake-type and arch-hand type connector terminals will be briefly explained:

[0070] In a handshake-type connector terminal, one of the two wire ends is the superconducting coil wire, and the other is an external incoming or outgoing wire. Therefore, the two wire ends need to be overlapped and fixed, and since the two wire ends are in opposite directions, the connector terminal needs to be set to present a handshake connection.

[0071] The two wire ends connected by the arched-hand type connector terminal are both wire ends of superconducting coils. The two wire ends are in different positions in the same direction. Therefore, the two wire ends need to be fixedly connected together in an arched-hand manner to realize the series connection of two adjacent multi-panel coils. That is, in this application, the handshake type connector terminal and the arched-hand type connector terminal 300 adapt to the design of connector terminals with different functions through this biomimetic handshake and arched-hand design, so that the corresponding wire ends are connected together efficiently and stably.

[0072] Or, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 5 The two wire ends of the handshake-type connector terminal are located at both ends of the connector terminal, and one of the wire ends is the main inlet or outlet wire of the three-dimensional superconducting coil, while the other end is the external inlet or outlet wire; while the two wire ends of the arch-type connector terminal are the outlet and inlet wires of two adjacent multi-panel coils.

[0073] This design distinguishes the input and output terminals of at least two multi-coil coils, dividing them into a main input terminal 101, a main output terminal 102, and other input and output terminals located between the main input terminal 101 and the main output terminal 102 that need to be connected in series. Different terminals are connected to different wires respectively, resulting in a simple structure and convenient installation.

[0074] The main inlet 101 and main outlet 102 are connected to the external inlet lead 401 and external outlet lead 402 via the first handshake connector terminal 210, the second handshake connector terminal 220, and the external outlet lead 402, respectively. Any two adjacent inlet and outlet leads within the main inlet are connected via the arched connector terminal 300. This allows at least two multi-pane coils to be connected in series, and the inlet and outlet leads of each multi-pane coil are connected via specific connector terminals.

[0075] Furthermore, the first handshake-type connector terminal 210 connects the main inlet terminal 101 to the external inlet lead 401, and the second handshake-type connector terminal 220 connects the main outlet terminal 102 to the external outlet lead 402. This provides mechanical positioning and fixing of the lead ends, constraining the displacement of the main inlet terminal 101 and the main outlet terminal 102, resisting thermal expansion and contraction, external force-induced tension, and vibration, and preventing the connectors from detaching. The arch-hand type connector terminal 300 is specifically used for series connection between adjacent multi-pane coils, electrically connecting the outlet terminal of one multi-pane coil to the inlet terminal of the next multi-pane coil, enabling sequential series connection of stacked multi-pane coils. This eliminates the need for scattered lead connections on the outside of the coil body, simplifying the wiring layout between coils, and mechanically clamping and fixing adjacent outlet and inlet terminals. Each outlet and inlet terminal can be fixed, connected, cooled, and insulated, with a simpler structure and layout, improving the operational reliability of the superconducting coil and facilitating assembly and maintenance.

[0076] The following is a more detailed explanation of the specific structure of the handshake-type connector terminal:

[0077] See the overall structure of the handshake connector terminal. Figure 2 See further Figure 3 and Figure 4 Each of the first handshake-type connector terminals 210 and the second handshake-type connector terminal 220 includes a first terminal 201 and a second terminal 202. The first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 are stacked and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the handshake-type connector terminal, and their sides are electrically connected to each other. The first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 each have a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along their length direction. The first end of the second terminal 202 is arranged closer to the first end of the first terminal 201 relative to the second end.

[0078] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first handshake connector terminal 210 and the second handshake connector terminal 220 have the same specific structure, the only difference being that one is connected to the main inlet terminal 101 and the other is connected to the main outlet terminal 102.

[0079] And see also Figure 3The first end of the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 are both the left end in the figure, and the second end of the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 are both the right end in the figure.

[0080] For further comparison, see [link / reference] Figure 1 as well as Figure 3 In the first handshake-type connector terminal 210, the first end of the first terminal 201 is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the main inlet terminal 101, and the second end of the second terminal 202 is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the external inlet lead 401; in the second handshake-type connector terminal 220, the first end of the first terminal 201 is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the main outlet terminal 102, and the second end of the second terminal 202 is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the external outlet lead 402.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, the specific structure of the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 is not limited. They are made of conductive materials with low resistance, such as silver or copper. The end faces of the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 that are connected have electrical connection surfaces. The electrical connection surfaces have a large electrical connection area, which can increase the contact area, improve the transmission effect of large currents, and reduce resistance.

[0082] In this design, each handshake-type connector terminal includes a first terminal 201 and a second terminal 202 that are stacked and electrically connected. The main inlet 101 and the external inlet lead 401 are fixed to the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202, respectively, and then electrically connected through the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202. Similarly, the main outlet 102 and the external outlet lead 402 are fixed to the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202, respectively, and then electrically connected through the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202. The first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 form a stacked configuration similar to a handshake, which increases the connection area of ​​the main inlet 101, the main outlet 102, and the external lead, thereby improving connection stability.

[0083] Please continue reading Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 The handshake-type connector terminal also includes two rows of insulating pressure plates 203 arranged facing each other. Each row of insulating pressure plates 203 includes multiple insulating pressure plates 203 spaced apart along the length direction of the handshake-type connector terminal. The multiple insulating pressure plates 203 in the two rows of insulating pressure plates 203 correspond one-to-one and are arranged facing each other, and are detachably fixedly connected by fasteners. The first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 are pressed between the two rows of insulating pressure plates 203. For example, the fasteners can be bolts, screws, fixing pins, etc.

[0084] An insulating patch 204 is filled between any two adjacent insulating plates 203 in each row of insulating plates 203; the outer periphery of the insulating patch 204 and the insulating plate 203 is covered with an insulating layer.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of insulating pressure plates 203 and insulating patches 204 is not limited. For example, 8, 10, 12 or other numbers can be set. The number can be selected according to the length of the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202. This embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0086] More specifically, the materials of the insulating pressure plate 203, the insulating patch 204, and the insulating layer are not limited, such as epoxy resin fiberglass board, polyether ether ketone, polypropylene, rubber, etc.

[0087] This structural design utilizes paired, opposing insulating pressure plates 203, secured by fasteners, to provide controllable clamping force, pressing the stacked first terminal 201 and second terminal 202 tightly together. This ensures a close fit between the stacked contact surfaces of the two terminals, maintaining stable, large-area electrical contact. Furthermore, multiple insulating pressure plates 203 spaced apart along the length provide distributed pressure, preventing stress concentration at single points and ensuring more uniform contact force on the first terminal 201 and second terminal 202 along the length. This also constrains planar displacement of the terminals, preventing misalignment, shifting, or warping of the first and second terminals 201 and 202. An insulating layer covers the outer periphery of the insulating patch 204 and the insulating pressure plates 203 for insulation protection.

[0088] See further Figure 3 The handshake-type connector terminal also includes a first cooling pipe 205 and a second cooling pipe 206.

[0089] The first cooling pipe 205 is located on the side of the second end of the first terminal 201 away from the first end, and the first cooling pipe 205 is used to cool the first terminal 201.

[0090] The second cooling pipe 206 is located on the side of the first end of the second terminal 202 away from the second end, and the second cooling pipe 206 is used to cool the second terminal 202.

[0091] With this structural design, the first cooling pipe 205 and the second cooling pipe 206 can cool the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 respectively to improve cooling efficiency. The first cooling pipe 205 and the second cooling pipe 206 are connected to a cooling source, which can be liquid nitrogen or the like.

[0092] The following is a more detailed explanation of the specific structure of the arch-type connector terminal 300:

[0093] The overall structure of the arch-type connector terminal 300 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, one end has two wire ends (one is the inlet wire end and the other is the outlet wire end), which are electrically connected by the arch-type connector terminal 300, and the other end is the cooling pipe 307.

[0094] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The arch-shaped connector terminal 300 includes two voltage-conducting blocks 301 stacked and in contact with each other in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the arch-shaped connector terminal 300. The two voltage-conducting blocks 301 are provided with wire-pressing grooves 302 on their facing sides, and the slots of the wire-pressing grooves 302 of the two voltage-conducting blocks 301 are facing each other. The wire-pressing grooves 302 of the two voltage-conducting blocks 301 are used to accommodate the output head and input head of two adjacent multi-coil coils connected in series, and the output head and input head connected in series are stacked.

[0095] Two voltage-conducting blocks 301 are provided with multiple corresponding connection holes at intervals, and are fixed by connecting parts passing through the connection holes in sequence, so that the output and input ends of two adjacent multi-coil coils connected in series are respectively pressed into the wire pressing grooves 302 of the two voltage-conducting blocks 301. The connecting parts can also be bolts, screws, fixing pins, etc.

[0096] The specific structure of the two voltage-conducting blocks 301 is not limited, and their materials are made of conductive materials with low resistance, such as metallic silver, metallic copper, etc.

[0097] With this structural design, the two opposing sides of the arch-shaped connector terminal 300 have pressure grooves 302. The output and input ends of two adjacent multi-panel coils connected in series are located in the pressure grooves 302. Compared with the traditional messy splicing method, this structure can standardize the splice wiring layout, allowing the two sets of superconducting leads to fit tightly and be neatly aligned. The two voltage blocks 301 increase the electrical contact area of ​​the output and input ends, reduce resistance, and improve connection stability, further enhancing the safety of superconducting coil operation.

[0098] Please continue reading Figure 6 and Figure 7 The arch-type connector terminal 300 also includes a connector box 303, which covers the outer periphery of the two conductive blocks 301. The connector box 303 includes a box body 304, a first baffle 305 and a second baffle 306. The first baffle 305 and the second baffle 306 are disposed at both ends of the box body 304 along its length. The first baffle 305 is provided with two wire-passing holes adapted to the inlet and outlet wires. After the inlet and outlet wires pass through the wire-passing holes, they are respectively pressed into the wire-pressing grooves 302 of the two conductive blocks 301.

[0099] The arch-type connector terminal 300 also includes a cooling pipe 307, which is located at the end of the two voltage-conducting blocks 301 away from the inlet and outlet. The second baffle 306 is provided with a through hole adapted to the cooling pipe 307. The cooling pipe 307 passes through the through hole and communicates with the connector box 303, and cools the voltage-conducting blocks 301, inlet and outlet located in the connector box 303.

[0100] Furthermore, insulating blocks are provided on the side of the first baffle 305 and the second baffle 306 away from the box body 304, and the outer periphery of the junction box 303 and the insulating blocks are also covered with an insulating layer.

[0101] In this structural design, insulating patches and insulating layers are used to improve the insulation performance of the arch-type connector terminal 300, and, see... Figure 7 The two ends of the arch-type connector terminal 300 are provided with insulating blocks, which are cone-shaped and insulate and restrict the ends.

[0102] Next, we will take the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, which includes three multi-pane coils, each of which is a double-pane coil and stacked, as an example for illustration:

[0103] The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10 includes three multi-pane coils, which include a first multi-pane coil (not shown in the figure), a second multi-pane coil (not shown in the figure), and a third multi-pane coil (not shown in the figure) stacked together.

[0104] See Figure 1 The first multi-coil coil has a main inlet 101 as its inlet and a first outlet 103 as its outlet. The second multi-coil coil has a second inlet 104 as its inlet and a second outlet 105 as its outlet. The third multi-coil coil has a third inlet 106 as its inlet and a main outlet 102 as its outlet.

[0105] At least one arched connector terminal 300 includes two arched connector terminals 300, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The two arched connector terminals 300 are the first arched connector terminal and the second arched connector terminal, respectively.

[0106] Please see Figure 1 The input head of the first multi-pane coil constitutes the total input head 101 of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, and is electrically connected to the external input lead 401 through the first handshake connector terminal 210.

[0107] See also Figure 1 The output end (first output end 103) of the first multi-coil coil and the input end (second input end 104) of the second multi-coil coil are fixed and electrically connected through the first arched connector terminal (corresponding arched connector terminal 300).

[0108] See also Figure 1 The output end (second output end 105) of the second multi-coil and the input end (third input end 106) of the third multi-coil are fixed and electrically connected through the second arched connector terminal (corresponding arched connector terminal 300).

[0109] See also Figure 1 The output of the third multi-pane coil constitutes the total output 102 of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, and is electrically connected to the external output lead 402 through the second handshake connector terminal 220.

[0110] With this structural design, the six wire ends of the three multi-pane coils are electrically connected through the first handshake connector terminal 210, the second handshake connector terminal 220, the first arched connector terminal, and the second arched connector terminal, respectively, so that the three multi-pane coils are connected in series and in parallel with the external incoming lead 401 and the external outgoing lead 402.

[0111] Next, the support frame 500 structure of the terminal box structure 20 will be described in more detail:

[0112] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 10 The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10 is provided with a stellarator coil box 110 outside. The terminal box structure 20 also includes a support frame 500. The support frame 500 is detachably disposed at one end of the stellarator coil box 110 via a mounting base. Each arched connector terminal 300 and each handshake connector terminal are detachably disposed on the support frame 500.

[0113] The support frame 500 is a cubic frame structure, and the support frame 500 is connected to the mounting base by fastening components such as bolts and screws. The mounting base can be a boss, a mounting seat, etc.

[0114] With this structural design, the support frame 500 uses the stellarator coil box 110 as the mounting base to centrally support all the handshake-type connector terminals and arch-type connector terminals 300, and provides spatial support and positioning for the handshake-type connector terminals and arch-type connector terminals 300. This ensures that the relative positions of each wire end and the corresponding connector terminal are fixed, preventing the connectors from drifting or shaking during operation, and preventing changes in the distance between different wire ends that could cause insulation safety hazards. This structure also facilitates later inspection or maintenance.

[0115] For more details, see Figure 8 and Figure 9 The support frame 500 includes a frame body, and four support structures 510 are provided on the side of the frame body away from the stellarator coil.

[0116] The four support structures 510 are detachably fixed to the frame body by fastening components; and each support structure 510 is provided with a support frame.

[0117] The first handshake-type connector terminal 210, the first arch-hand type connector terminal, the second arch-hand type connector terminal, and the second handshake-type connector terminal 220 are respectively installed in each corresponding support structure 510 through corresponding support frames.

[0118] This structural design, through the corresponding four independent and detachable support structures 510 on the outer side of the frame body, and the matching dedicated support frame, allows for the independent installation of the first handshake-type connector terminal 210, two sets of arched handshake-type connector terminals 300, and the second handshake-type connector terminal 220 in separate zones. This clearly distinguishes the multiple connectors of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil 10. The independent modularity of this structure allows for independent assembly and maintenance of individual connectors without overall disassembly, significantly improving assembly accuracy and maintenance convenience. The finally assembled stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil 10 and terminal box structure 20 are shown below. Figure 10 As shown, this structure can be adapted to the low-temperature, high-current operating conditions of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil 10, significantly improving the overall insulation performance and operational reliability of the terminal box.

[0119] It should be noted that, in addition to the specific embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a deep understanding of the invention, many specific details are included in the above description, and the invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0120] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0121] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0122] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0123] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0124] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the invention to these descriptions. Various changes in form and detail can be made by those skilled in the art, including several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil in a stellarator, characterized in that, The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil includes at least two multi-pane coils stacked together. Each multi-pane coil has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the multi-pane coil at the first end constitutes the total inlet of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil, and the outlet of the multi-pane coil at the tail end constitutes the total outlet of the stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil. The terminal box structure includes a first handshake-type connector terminal, a second handshake-type connector terminal, and at least one arched connector terminal. The first handshake-type connector terminal is used to connect the main inlet head and the external inlet lead, and the second handshake-type connector terminal is used to connect the main outlet head and the external outlet lead. The at least one arched connector terminal is used to connect the at least two multi-pane coils in series, and each arched connector terminal is used to connect the outlet head of one of any two adjacent multi-pane coils to the inlet head of the other multi-pane coil.

2. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the first and second handshake connector terminals includes a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal are stacked and electrically connected to each other on their sides in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the handshake connector terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal each have a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other along their length direction. The first end of the second terminal is located closer to the first end of the first terminal relative to the second end. In the first handshake-type connector terminal, the first end of the first terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the main inlet terminal, and the second end of the second terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the external inlet lead; in the second handshake-type connector terminal, the first end of the first terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the main outlet terminal, and the second end of the second terminal is fixed and electrically connected to one end of the external outlet lead.

3. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The handshake connector terminal also includes two rows of insulating pressure plates arranged in opposite directions. Each row of insulating pressure plates includes multiple insulating pressure plates spaced apart along the length direction of the handshake connector terminal. The multiple insulating pressure plates in the two rows of insulating pressure plates correspond to each other and are arranged in opposite directions and are detachably fixedly connected by fasteners. The first terminal and the second terminal are pressed between the two rows of insulating pressure plates. An insulating patch is filled between any two adjacent insulating plates in each row; the insulating patch and the outer periphery of the insulating plate are covered with an insulating layer.

4. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The handshake-type connector terminal also includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe; The first cooling pipe is located on the side of the second end of the first terminal away from the first end, and the first cooling pipe is used to cool the first terminal. The second cooling pipe is located on the side of the first end of the second terminal away from the second end, and the second cooling pipe is used to cool the second terminal.

5. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arch-shaped connector terminal includes two voltage-conducting blocks stacked and in contact with each other in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the arch-shaped connector terminal. The two voltage-conducting blocks have wire-pressing grooves on their facing sides, and the grooves of the wire-pressing grooves of the two voltage-conducting blocks face each other. The wire-pressing grooves of the two voltage-conducting blocks are used to accommodate the output and input wires of two adjacent multi-coil coils connected in series, and the output and input wires connected in series are stacked. The two voltage-conducting blocks are provided with a plurality of one-to-one corresponding connection holes at intervals, and are fixed by connecting members passing through the connection holes in sequence, so that the output and input ends of the two adjacent multi-panel coils connected in series are respectively pressed into the pressure grooves of the two voltage-conducting blocks.

6. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The arch-shaped connector terminal also includes a connector box, which covers the outer periphery of the two conductive blocks. The connector box includes a box body, a first baffle, and a second baffle. The first baffle and the second baffle are disposed at both ends of the box body along its length. The first baffle is provided with two wire-passing holes adapted to the inlet and outlet wires. After the inlet and outlet wires pass through the wire-passing holes, they are respectively pressed into the wire-pressing grooves of the two conductive blocks. The arch-shaped connector terminal also includes a cooling pipe located at one end of the two conductive blocks away from the inlet and outlet terminals. The second baffle is provided with a through hole adapted to the cooling pipe. The cooling pipe passes through the through hole and communicates with the connector box, cooling the conductive blocks, the inlet terminal, and the outlet terminal located in the connector box.

7. The terminal box structure for a stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first baffle and the second baffle are provided with insulating blocks on the side away from the box body, and the outer periphery of the junction box and the insulating blocks is also covered with an insulating layer.

8. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil includes three multi-pane coils, the three multi-pane coils being a first multi-pane coil, a second multi-pane coil, and a third multi-pane coil stacked together; the at least one arched connector terminal includes a first arched connector terminal and a second arched connector terminal; The inlet of the first multi-pane coil constitutes the total inlet of the three-dimensional superconducting coil of the stellarator; The output end of the first multi-coil coil and the input end of the second multi-coil coil are fixed and electrically connected through the first arch-shaped connector terminal; The output end of the second multi-coil and the input end of the third multi-coil are fixed and electrically connected through the second arch-type connector terminal; The output of the third multi-pane coil constitutes the total output of the stellarator's three-dimensional superconducting coil.

9. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The stellarator three-dimensional superconducting coil is provided with a stellarator coil box outside the stellarator. The terminal box structure also includes a support frame. The support frame is detachably disposed at one end of the stellarator coil box via a mounting base. Each of the arch-shaped connector terminal and each of the handshake-shaped connector terminals is detachably disposed on the support frame.

10. The terminal box structure for a three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The support frame includes a frame body, and four support structures are provided on the side of the frame body away from the stellarator coil. The four support structures are detachably fixed to the frame body by fastening components; and each support structure is provided with a support frame. The first handshake connector terminal, the first arched connector terminal, the second arched connector terminal, and the second handshake connector terminal are respectively installed in each of the corresponding support structures via the corresponding support frames.

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