Impact-resistant energy-absorbing type jp cabinet

Abstract

This application relates to an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet, belonging to the field of power equipment technology. It includes a JP cabinet body, a guardrail frame, a shear pin, a folding guide structure, and an energy-absorbing structure. The guardrail frame surrounds the outer perimeter of the JP cabinet body and is connected to the base via the shear pin, which has a critical section. The folding guide structure is disposed on the guardrail frame; the energy-absorbing structure is installed inside the guardrail frame. When the impact force exceeds a preset threshold, the shear pin breaks at the critical section, the guardrail frame detaches from the base, and the impact force transmission path is cut off. After detachment, the guardrail frame undergoes controlled folding deformation along a preset direction under the action of the folding guide structure, driving the energy-absorbing structure to compress and absorb energy synchronously. This invention achieves graded management and orderly dissipation of impact energy through shear pin threshold-triggered detachment and controlled deformation guided by folding, solving the problem of direct transmission of impact force to the cabinet and uncontrollable deformation in existing rigid fixed guardrails.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] JP switchgear (JP series outdoor integrated distribution box) is an outdoor integrated power distribution device that integrates metering, outgoing lines, reactive power compensation, and other functions. It is widely installed on the poles of outdoor pole-mounted transformers in urban and rural power grids. Because JP switchgear is exposed to the outdoor environment for extended periods, its installation location is usually near roads or traffic areas, making it susceptible to damage from vehicle collisions, external impacts, and other unexpected events. This can lead to cabinet deformation, damage to internal electrical components, and in severe cases, power outages or even personal injury accidents. Therefore, the impact protection design of JP switchgear is a key technical issue in its structural design.

[0003] Currently, existing anti-collision protection solutions for JP (Portable Controller) cabinets mainly involve installing guardrails at the bottom or around the perimeter of the cabinet. These guardrails are typically fixed directly to the concrete base or cabinet base with bolts, representing a rigid connection. When the guardrail is subjected to an impact exceeding its load-bearing capacity, it deforms or even breaks. The impact force is directly transmitted to the cabinet base and the JP cabinet body through the rigid connection point, resulting in damage to the cabinet and its internal equipment. In other words, the technical approach of this type of solution is to "firmly fix the guardrail to resist impact," which is essentially a "hard-on-hard" protection mode. The connection between the guardrail and the base is an uncontrollable rigid connection, lacking an active energy dissipation mechanism and a threshold-triggered release function.

[0004] In addition, existing JP cabinet guardrails are usually fixed structures. When it is necessary to inspect the equipment inside the JP cabinet, the operator has to cross the guardrail or go around to the opening of the guardrail, which is inconvenient. Some guardrails with maintenance doors have complex structures, and the door is an independent additional structure, which compromises the integrity and protective strength of the guardrail. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet.

[0006] An impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet includes a JP cabinet body with a base at its bottom; a guardrail frame surrounding the outer perimeter of the JP cabinet body, with a pre-reserved gap between the guardrail frame and the JP cabinet body; it also includes a shear pin, a folding guide structure, and an energy-absorbing structure; the shear pin connects the guardrail frame and the base, and has a critical section on the shear pin, which is used to break at the critical section when the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame exceeds a preset threshold, causing the guardrail frame to detach from the base; the folding guide structure is disposed on the guardrail frame, used to guide the detached guardrail frame to undergo controlled folding deformation in a preset direction; the energy-absorbing structure is installed on the inner side of the guardrail frame, and is compressed when the guardrail frame undergoes controlled folding deformation, absorbing impact energy.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the shear pin breaks at the critical section when the impact force exceeds the preset threshold, causing the guardrail frame to detach from the base and cutting off the transmission path of the impact force to the JP cabinet body. This solves the problem of existing rigid guardrails directly transmitting impact force to the cabinet body. After detachment, the guardrail frame undergoes controlled folding deformation along a preset direction under the action of the folding guide structure, avoiding secondary damage to the cabinet body caused by uncontrollable deformation. The energy-absorbing structure installed inside the guardrail frame is compressed synchronously with the guardrail folding, mechanically coupling the guardrail deformation with the energy-absorbing action, achieving the technical effect of guardrail deformation driving the energy-absorbing structure to absorb energy in a coordinated manner. Thus, this solution constructs a graded protection system from triggered detachment to controlled deformation to coordinated energy absorption.

[0008] Optionally, the shear pin is set vertically, a first mounting seat is provided at the bottom of the guardrail frame, and a second mounting seat is provided on the base. The first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are stacked vertically, and the lower surface of the first mounting seat is in contact with the upper surface of the second mounting seat. The shear pin passes through the first pin hole of the first mounting seat and the second pin hole of the second mounting seat. The critical section is located at the plane where the contact surfaces of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are located. The vertical gravity load of the guardrail frame is directly transmitted through the stacked mounting seat surfaces, and the shear pin only bears the horizontal shear force.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the vertical gravity load is directly transferred to the base through the mounting surface, and the shear pin only bears the horizontal shear force. The transmission paths of gravity load and horizontal impact load are separated, so that the fracture behavior of the shear pin is determined only by the horizontal impact force and is not affected by the weight of the cabinet and guardrail. The fracture threshold setting is more precise. The critical section is located at the mating surface, and it bears pure shear force at the time of fracture. The fracture location and mode are predictable.

[0010] Optionally, the guardrail frame includes multiple vertically arranged triangular posts and a crossbeam connecting adjacent triangular posts. The cross-section of the triangular posts is a right triangle, with its two right-angled sides parallel to the adjacent side walls of the JP cabinet body, and its hypotenuse facing outwards from the guardrail frame. The folding guide structure includes a V-shaped guide groove located in the middle of the triangular posts and a V-shaped guide groove located in the middle of the crossbeam. The bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the triangular posts faces inwards from the guardrail frame, and the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the crossbeam faces outwards from the guardrail frame.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the right-angled triangular cross-section of the triangular upright is adapted to the corner space of the cabinet, with the two right-angled sides parallel to the sidewalls of the cabinet, making compact use of space. The outward-facing hypotenuse decomposes the lateral impact force into two orthogonal components, which are jointly borne by the right-angled sides. The bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the triangular upright faces inward, guiding the upright to form a plastic hinge facing inward; the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the crossbeam faces outward, so that the outer tension surface of the crossbeam yields preferentially in the event of a frontal impact, also forming a plastic hinge facing inward. The plastic hinge bending directions of the two types of rods are coordinated and consistent, ensuring that the entire guardrail frame folds in an orderly manner along a unified direction, avoiding uncontrolled deformation caused by conflicting deformation directions.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a connecting plate and a rotating shaft. Each triangular upright is equipped with a rotating block assembly, which includes two rotating blocks respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the triangular upright. The rotating blocks have blind holes for rotation. The two ends of the rotating shaft extend into the corresponding blind holes and can rotate around its own axis. One end of the connecting plate is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the other end is inclined away from the JP cabinet body and the triangular upright. The end of the crossbeam is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate. Multiple connecting plates are fixedly connected to the same rotating shaft in the vertical direction. Each connecting plate corresponds to a crossbeam, and each crossbeam rotates synchronously around the axis of the same rotating shaft.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple connecting plates are fixed on the same rigid rotating shaft, with each connecting plate corresponding to a crossbeam. When the crossbeams are subjected to impact forces of different magnitudes, the rigid rotating shaft forces all the end displacements of the crossbeams to be coordinated and rotate synchronously around the same axis by the same angle, avoiding local twisting or uneven deformation of the guardrail surface caused by the independent deformation of each crossbeam. The crossbeam with a larger impact force transfers part of the torque to the connecting plate corresponding to the crossbeam with a smaller impact force through the rigid rotating shaft, so that the entire rotating shaft-crossbeam surface shares the impact load, and the overall impact resistance is better than the scheme where each crossbeam is subjected to force independently. The outward tilt of the connecting plates increases the lever arm of the impact force relative to the axis of the rotating shaft, making the crossbeam more sensitive to impact.

[0014] Optionally, the outer surface of the shaft is provided with anti-slip grooves, and the inner wall of the rotating blind hole is provided with a friction surface. The anti-slip grooves cooperate with the friction surface to generate friction when the shaft rotates to consume impact energy.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a frictional torque is generated between the anti-slip groove and the friction surface when the shaft rotates, converting some of the impact kinetic energy into heat energy dissipation, thus stabilizing the elastic oscillation of the crossbeam with fewer rebounds. The shaft serves as both a rotational support element and a friction energy dissipation element, eliminating the need for an additional independent damper and resulting in a high degree of structural integration.

[0016] Optionally, the rotating block has an open opening that communicates with the rotating blind hole, and a latch is detachably installed on the surface of the rotating block. The latch has an arc-shaped curved part. After the latch is installed, the arc-shaped curved part and the inner wall of the rotating blind hole form a rotating groove, and the end of the rotating shaft is restricted in the rotating groove. After the latch is removed, the end of the rotating shaft can be disengaged from the open opening, so that the corresponding crossbeam can be flipped outward with the other side of the rotating shaft as the axis.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the end of the rotating shaft can be disengaged from the opening by removing the latch, and the crossbeam can be flipped outward with the other rotating shaft as the axis to form a maintenance passage. Under impact conditions, the latch is secure, the rotating groove has a complete circular cross section, and the structural rigidity is not affected by the opening; during maintenance, the latch is removed, and the opening functions as a passage. The structural function and the passage function are separated in time. The crossbeam itself is both a component of the guardrail structure and a component for opening the maintenance passage, eliminating the need for additional independent maintenance door panels, hinges, and locks, resulting in a simpler structure.

[0018] Optionally, the energy-absorbing structure is a honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure, which is fixed to the inner wall of the guardrail frame by structural adhesive. The honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure has hexagonal honeycomb chambers, which are compressed when the guardrail frame undergoes controlled folding deformation. The hexagonal honeycomb chambers undergo cell wall buckling and compaction layer by layer, converting the impact kinetic energy into plastic deformation energy.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the hexagonal honeycomb compartment undergoes layer-by-layer cell wall buckling and compaction starting from the impact side, maintaining a relatively stable crushing force throughout the entire collapse path and avoiding violent fluctuations in impact force. The aluminum alloy honeycomb material possesses high specific energy absorption characteristics, achieving efficient energy dissipation with a relatively light structural weight. The honeycomb aluminum is bonded and fixed to the guardrail frame with structural adhesive, forming an integral unit without intermediate transmission links, ensuring immediate and reliable energy absorption response.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a telescopic diagonal brace, one end of which is hinged to the top of the JP cabinet body and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the guardrail frame; the telescopic diagonal brace is equipped with a pre-tension spring inside, which is used to keep the telescopic diagonal brace taut under normal conditions and provide auxiliary support for the JP cabinet body; after the guardrail frame is separated from the base, the telescopic diagonal brace moves with the guardrail frame and constrains its movement posture.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, under normal conditions, the pre-tensioned spring keeps the diagonal braces taut, transferring the lateral load from the top of the JP cabinet body to the guardrail frame and base, reducing the fatigue load on the fixing bolts at the bottom of the cabinet. After the guardrail frame detaches from the base, the four diagonal braces constrain the movement of the guardrail from the corners, preventing the guardrail from flipping or twisting as a whole, ensuring that the guardrail remains under control during deformation and energy absorption. The switching of the diagonal braces from support mode to constraint mode is automatically triggered by the breakage state of the shear pin, which is purely mechanical and requires no sensors or active control.

[0022] This application also provides a protection method for an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for protecting an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet, the JP cabinet comprising a cabinet body, a guardrail frame surrounding the outer perimeter of the cabinet body, and an energy-absorbing structure installed inside the guardrail frame. The guardrail frame includes a crossbeam, the two ends of which are connected to adjacent triangular uprights via pivots. The guardrail frame is connected to the base of the JP cabinet body via a shear pin, the shear pin having a critical section. The method includes: when the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame exceeds a preset threshold, the shear pin breaks at the critical section, the guardrail frame detaches from the base, cutting off the transmission path of the impact force to the JP cabinet body; after the guardrail frame detaches, it undergoes controlled folding deformation along a preset direction under the action of a folding guide structure mounted on it; during the controlled folding deformation process, the guardrail frame drives the energy-absorbing structure to be compressed synchronously, and the energy-absorbing structure absorbs the impact energy through plastic deformation.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the method steps constitute a deterministic timing chain of "trigger → detachment → guidance → folding → energy absorption." The impact force exceeding the threshold is the sole triggering condition, and subsequent steps are executed automatically in sequence. The shear pin breakage step prioritizes cutting off the transmission path of the impact force to the cabinet. Subsequent folding and energy absorption processes are carried out while the guardrail has detached from the base. The controlled folding deformation of the guardrail and the compression and energy absorption of the energy-absorbing structure are executed simultaneously. The guardrail deformation provides the driving force for energy absorption, while the crushing damping of the energy-absorbing structure provides stable resistance to the guardrail deformation; both work together to dissipate energy.

[0024] Optionally, when the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame is less than a preset threshold, the shear pin remains intact, and the crossbeam elastically swings around the pivots at both ends, automatically returning to its original position after the impact force is eliminated.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, impacts below the threshold do not trigger shear pin breakage, the guardrail frame remains intact, and the crossbeam absorbs energy through elastic swing. After the impact is eliminated, it automatically returns to its original position without manual resetting or component replacement, achieving zero-maintenance self-recovery in minor impacts. The elastic self-recovery in minor impacts and the shear pin-triggered energy absorption in severe impacts form a graded response, covering the complete impact intensity spectrum from minor to severe.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By connecting the guardrail frame and the base with shear pins and setting a dangerous section on the shear pins, the guardrail frame and the base are automatically separated when the impact force exceeds the preset threshold. This cuts off the transmission path of the impact force to the JP cabinet body and solves the problem that existing rigid fixed guardrails directly transmit the impact force to the cabinet body, causing damage to the internal equipment. 2. By setting a folding guide structure to guide the guardrail frame to undergo controlled folding deformation along a preset direction, and in conjunction with the energy-absorbing structure installed on the inner side of the guardrail frame, the mechanical coupling of guardrail deformation and energy absorption action is realized, so that the impact energy is dissipated in a controllable and orderly manner, avoiding secondary damage to the cabinet caused by random deformation of the guardrail. 3. By connecting multiple crossbeams with rigid rotating shafts and forcing them to rotate synchronously, the deformation coordination and load sharing of each crossbeam are achieved, avoiding local distortion of the guardrail surface caused by independent deformation of each crossbeam, and improving the overall impact resistance of the guardrail. 4. By using retractable diagonal braces to provide auxiliary support under normal conditions and to constrain the movement after the guardrail detaches, the same structure can perform support and constraint functions under two different working conditions. Moreover, the mode switching is passively triggered by the breakage of the shear pin, without the need for external control. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the present application, mainly showing the base; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the middle section; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present application, mainly showing the triangular upright; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present application, mainly illustrating the retractable diagonal brace.

[0028] In the diagram, 1. JP cabinet body; 101. Base; 2. Guardrail frame; 201. Triangular upright; 202. Horizontal beam; 203. Rotating block; 204. Lock; 205. Rotating shaft; 206. Connecting plate; 3. Shear pin; 301. Dangerous section; 4. Honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure; 5. Folding guide structure; 6. Telescopic diagonal brace; 601. First universal joint; 602. Second universal joint; 603. Inner rod; 604. Outer rod; 605. Adjusting sleeve; 606. Preload spring; 7. Rotating blind hole; 8. First mounting seat; 9. Second mounting seat; 10. Upper hinge seat; 11. Lower hinge seat. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 7 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0030] This invention provides an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 It includes the JP cabinet body 1, guardrail frame 2, shear pin 3, honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4, folding guide structure 5, and telescopic diagonal brace 6.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 The JP cabinet body 1 is a rectangular box structure with a base 101 at its bottom. The base 101 is a frame structure welded from rectangular steel plates, and anchor bolt holes for fixing to the foundation are opened at the four corners of the base 101.

[0032] The guardrail frame 2 is arranged around the outer perimeter of the JP cabinet body 1. A reserved gap exists between the guardrail frame 2 and the JP cabinet body 1 to provide travel space for the deformation of the guardrail frame 2 and to ensure that the guardrail frame 2 and the JP cabinet body 1 do not contact each other under normal conditions. The guardrail frame 2 is connected to the base 101 by shear pins 3. The guardrail frame 2 includes multiple vertically arranged triangular posts 201 and crossbeams 202 connecting adjacent triangular posts 201.

[0033] Refer to 2. Figure 4 The triangular upright 201 has a right-angled triangular cross-section and is made of right-angled triangular steel. The two right-angled sides of the upright 201 are parallel to the adjacent side walls of the JP cabinet body 1, and the right-angled end of the upright 201 is opposite to the outer corner of the JP cabinet body 1. The hypotenuse of the upright 201 faces outwards towards the guardrail frame 2. There is an installation gap between the right-angled end of the upright 201 and the corner of the JP cabinet body 1.

[0034] Each triangular upright 201 is equipped with two rotating block assemblies. Each rotating block assembly includes two rotating blocks 203, which are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the triangular upright 201. The outer surface of the rotating block 203 is fixed by welding to the outer surface adjacent to the acute angle end of the triangular upright 201. Each rotating block 203 has a blind hole 7, and an open opening is provided on the side of the blind hole 7 away from the triangular upright 201. This open opening penetrates the outer wall of the rotating block 203, allowing the blind hole 7 to communicate with the outside.

[0035] Each rotating block 203 has a latch 204 mounted on its surface. The latch 204 is strip-shaped with its middle part bent into an arc shape, and through holes are opened on both sides for screws to pass through. Taking the latch 204 located at the top and the rotation blind hole 7 of the rotating block 203 as an example, the latch 204 is fixed to the rotating block 203 by screws passing through the through holes, so that the arc-shaped curved part of the latch 204 protrudes outward. At this time, the arc-shaped protrusion of the latch 204 and the inner wall of the rotation blind hole 7 form an arc-shaped rotation groove.

[0036] The inner wall of the rotating groove—namely, the inner wall of the rotating blind hole 7 and the arc-shaped concave surface of the lock hole—is set as a friction surface. Two rotating shafts 205 are correspondingly installed on each triangular upright 201, located between two rotating blocks 203 arranged along the length of the triangular upright 201, and the axes of the two rotating blocks 203 coincide. Both ends of the rotating shaft 205 extend into the corresponding rotating blind hole 7, and their displacement is restricted by the latch 204, allowing the rotating shaft 205 to rotate freely within the rotating groove. An anti-slip groove is integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 205. This anti-slip groove cooperates with the friction surface of the inner wall of the rotating groove, generating friction when the rotating shaft 205 rotates, increasing the work done by the rotation of the rotating shaft 205, thereby consuming more impact energy.

[0037] Multiple connecting plates 206 are arranged vertically on the rotating shaft 205. The connecting plates 206 are rectangular steel plates, one end of which is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 205, and the other end is inclined away from the JP cabinet body 1 and the triangular upright 201.

[0038] Multiple crossbeams 202 are provided, and the number of crossbeams 202 matches the number of connecting plates 206. The crossbeams 202 are installed between two adjacent triangular uprights 201 and are parallel to the corresponding side surface of the JP cabinet body 1. Both ends of the crossbeams 202 are welded and fixed to the ends of the corresponding connecting plates 206. After the crossbeams 202 are installed in place, the plane containing the crossbeams 202 protrudes beyond the plane formed by the rotating shafts 205 of the two adjacent triangular uprights 201 that are moving closer to each other.

[0039] The crossbeam 202 is made of Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel. This material has good toughness and a high elastic limit, with a yield strength of not less than 345MPa, which provides a material basis for the elastic deformation of the crossbeam 202 under slight impact and the elastic recovery after the impact is eliminated.

[0040] When the latch 204 on a certain triangular upright 201 corresponding to the end of the crossbeam 202 is removed, the end of the rotating shaft 205 connected to the end of the crossbeam 202 can be dislodged from the open opening of the rotating blind hole 7, so that the rotating shaft-crossbeam surface can be flipped outward with the other rotating shaft 205 as the axis to form a maintenance channel.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 Each triangular upright 201 has a first mounting base 8 installed at its bottom. The first mounting base 8 is a horizontally placed rectangular steel plate, and its upper surface is welded and fixed to the bottom end face of the triangular upright 201. The triangular upright 201 is vertically positioned above the first mounting base 8. A first pin hole extending vertically through the center of the first mounting base 8 is provided.

[0042] A second mounting base 9 is installed on the base 101 of the JP cabinet body 1, corresponding to the position of each triangular upright 201. The second mounting base 9 is a horizontally placed rectangular steel plate, and its lower surface is welded and fixed to the upper surface of the base 101. A second pin hole is provided on the second mounting base 9, which extends vertically through it.

[0043] The first mounting base 8 and the second mounting base 9 are stacked vertically, with the lower surface of the first mounting base 8 fitting against the upper surface of the second mounting base 9. The first pin hole and the second pin hole are coaxially arranged. The shear pin 3 passes vertically through the first pin hole and the second pin hole, fixing the first mounting base 8 and the second mounting base 9 together, thereby fixing the triangular upright 201 to the base 101.

[0044] In this embodiment, two shear pins 3 are provided between the bases 101 of each triangular upright 201. The two shear pins 3 are inserted at different positions on the same first mounting base 8 and second mounting base 9. The number and arrangement of the shear pins 3 can be adjusted according to the actual impact force design value.

[0045] Furthermore, the shear pin 3 is a cylindrical pin with a critical section 301. The cross-sectional area of ​​the critical section 301 is smaller than that of other parts of the shear pin 3, ensuring that the shear pin 3 will preferentially fracture at the critical section 301 when subjected to a horizontal shear force exceeding a preset threshold. The clearance between the shear pin 3 and the first and second pin holes is no greater than 0.5 mm to ensure the accuracy and reliability of shear force transmission.

[0046] In this embodiment, the shear pin 3 is axially arranged vertically, and its critical section 301 is located at the plane where the first mounting base 8 and the second mounting base 9 meet. When the guardrail frame 2 is subjected to a lateral impact, the horizontal impact force is transmitted to the first mounting base 8 through the triangular upright 201, causing the first mounting base 8 to have a horizontal displacement tendency relative to the second mounting base 9. The shear pin 3 bears pure shear force at the critical section 301. When the shear force exceeds a preset threshold, the shear pin 3 breaks precisely at the critical section 301, the first mounting base 8 and the second mounting base 9 separate, and the guardrail frame 2 separates from the base 101.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 The inner side of the guardrail frame 2 is provided with a honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4. The honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 is composed of an aluminum alloy honeycomb core, which has hexagonal honeycomb compartments.

[0048] The honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 is bonded to the inner wall of the guardrail frame 2 with structural adhesive. Specifically, it is bonded to the side surface of each crossbeam 202, connecting plate 206 and triangular upright 201 facing the cabinet body.

[0049] The thickness of the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 varies depending on the direction of protection. Specifically, the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 facing the road has a larger thickness; the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 facing away from the road has a smaller thickness; and the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structures 4 on the left and right sides have a moderate thickness.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 The folding guide structure 5 is a V-shaped guide groove set on the triangular upright 201 and the crossbeam 202.

[0051] V-shaped guide grooves are located at the middle positions of the triangular uprights 201 and the crossbeams 202. The V-shaped guide grooves on the triangular uprights 201 are formed by pressing V-shaped grooves into the surface of the steel profile, with the bottom of the groove facing the inner side of the guardrail frame 2. The V-shaped guide grooves on the crossbeams 202 are formed by pressing V-shaped grooves into the surface of the steel profile, with the bottom of the groove facing the outer side of the guardrail frame 2. The V-shaped guide grooves reduce the section modulus of the triangular uprights 201 and the crossbeams 202 at these locations, creating locally weakened areas.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The top four corners of the JP cabinet body 1 are welded and fixed with upper hinge seats 10, and upper hinge seats 10 have upper hinge holes. The top of the triangular upright 201 is welded and fixed with a lower hinge seat 11, and the lower hinge seat 11 has a lower hinge hole. The upper end of the telescopic diagonal brace 6 is hinged to the upper hinge seat 10 through a first universal joint 601, and the lower end of the telescopic diagonal brace 6 is hinged to the lower hinge seat 11 through a second universal joint 602. Both the first universal joint 601 and the second universal joint 602 are ball joint structures, allowing the telescopic diagonal brace 6 to rotate freely in multiple directions.

[0053] The retractable diagonal brace 6 includes an inner rod 603, an outer rod 604, and an adjusting sleeve 605. Both the inner rod 603 and the outer rod 604 are tubular, and the adjusting sleeve 605 is movably connected to the outer surface of the inner rod 603. The inner rod 603 is constructed by welding two steel pipes of different diameters, with the larger diameter end inserted into the outer rod 604. One end of the adjusting sleeve 605 extends into the inner rod, and its interior has an integrally formed limiting ring that abuts against the larger diameter end of the inner rod 603. This allows the adjusting sleeve 605 to slide towards the outer rod 604, pushing the inner rod 603 into the outer rod 604. The outer surface of the end of the outer rod 604 pointing towards the inner rod 603 has a threaded structure, and the adjusting sleeve 605 has another threaded structure that mates with the threaded structure of the outer rod 604, thereby limiting the length of the inner rod 603 that can extend beyond the outer rod 604.

[0054] A preload spring 606 is inserted in the inner rod 603 and the outer rod 604. One end of the preload spring 606 abuts against the bottom of the inner rod 603, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the outer rod 604, and applies a force to the inner rod 603 to make it slide away from the outer rod 604.

[0055] The angle between the retractable diagonal brace 6 and the vertical direction is 15° to 30°. The four retractable diagonal braces 6 are diagonally connected from the four corners of the top of the JP cabinet body 1 to the four corners of the upper part of the guardrail frame 2, forming an "eight"-shaped support structure.

[0056] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The present invention uses shear pins 3 to controllably connect the guardrail frame 2 to the base 101. When the impact force exceeds a preset threshold, the shear pins 3 break at the dangerous section 301, the guardrail frame 2 separates from the base 101, and cuts off the transmission path of the impact force to the JP cabinet body 1. After separation, the folding guide structure 5 guides the guardrail frame 2 to fold in a controlled manner along a preset direction. The honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 follows the folding and collapses in stages to absorb energy. The telescopic diagonal brace 6 assists in energy absorption through the relative sliding and plastic deformation of the inner rod 603 and the outer rod 604. In the event of a minor impact, the crossbeam 202 automatically resets through overall elastic swing and elastic recovery of the metal material. During maintenance, the end of the pivot 205 is disengaged from the opening by removing the latch 204, realizing the full-face flip-opening of the pivot-crossbeam surface. A complete functional chain is formed between the various structures: "normal support - minor buffering - maintenance opening - threshold triggering - controlled folding - high-efficiency energy absorption - cabinet preservation".

[0057] The preload spring 606 inside the telescopic diagonal brace 6 applies an elastic thrust to the inner rod 603, causing it to slide away from the outer rod 604, thus keeping the telescopic diagonal brace 6 under tension under normal conditions. By rotating the adjusting sleeve 605 and utilizing its threaded engagement with the outer rod 604, the total length of the telescopic diagonal brace 6 can be precisely adjusted.

[0058] Under normal operating conditions, the tensioned telescopic diagonal braces 6 transfer the lateral load on the top of the JP cabinet body 1 to the guardrail frame 2 and the base 101, thereby distributing the load and reducing the fatigue load on the bottom fixing bolts of the JP cabinet body 1. The four telescopic diagonal braces 6 are diagonally connected from the four corners of the top of the JP cabinet body 1 to the four upper corners of the guardrail frame 2, forming an angle of 15° to 30° with the vertical direction.

[0059] When the crossbeam 202 is subjected to a lateral impact, it undergoes elastic deformation inward, applying a torque to the connecting plates 206 at both ends, causing the connecting plates 206 to rotate about the axis of the rotating shaft 205. This torque is transmitted to the rotating shaft 205 through the connecting plates 206, driving the rotating shaft 205 to rotate within the rotating groove.

[0060] Multiple connecting plates 206 are fixedly connected vertically to the same rotating shaft 205, each corresponding to a crossbeam 202. The impact forces on each crossbeam 202 differ. The crossbeam 202 with a larger impact force exerts a larger torque on the rotating shaft 205, while the crossbeam 202 with a smaller impact force exerts a smaller torque. These multiple torques act simultaneously on the same rigid rotating shaft 205, and the difference in torque will generate torsional stress within the rotating shaft 205. However, since the rotating shaft 205 is a rigid integral structure, its torsional stiffness is much greater than the bending stiffness of each crossbeam 202. The connecting plates 206 are fixedly welded to the rotating shaft 205, and the torsion angle of the rotating shaft 205 remains consistent at the installation positions of each connecting plate 206. This rigid constraint forces the end displacements of all beams 202 to be coordinated—even if the impact forces on each beam 202 are different, the ends of all beams 202 still rotate synchronously around the axis of the same pivot 205 by the same angle, and thus all beams 202 as a whole undergo synchronous elastic oscillation.

[0061] The "group synchronous rotation" mechanism forcibly implemented by the rigid rotating shaft 205 has the following technical effects: First, it avoids the deformation incoordination and mutual interference caused by the independent deformation of each crossbeam 202; Second, each crossbeam 202 has the same rotation angle at the same time, and the protective surface enclosed by all crossbeams 202 on the same side always remains in a planar state, without local twisting or uneven deformation; Third, the crossbeam 202 with greater impact force transmits part of the torque to the connecting plate 206 corresponding to the crossbeam 202 with less impact force through the rigid rotating shaft 205, so that the entire rotating shaft-crossbeam surface shares the impact load, thereby improving the overall impact resistance.

[0062] During the rotation of the shaft 205, friction is generated between the anti-slip grooves on its outer surface and the friction surface of the inner wall of the rotating groove. The friction torque is opposite to the torque applied by each crossbeam 202, which dampens the rotation of the shaft 205 and converts some of the impact kinetic energy into heat energy.

[0063] When the impact force is less than the elastic limit of the crossbeam 202 and the connecting plate 206, the crossbeam 202 and the connecting plate 206 only undergo elastic deformation. Since the crossbeam 202 is made of Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel, it has good toughness and a high elastic limit. After the impact is eliminated, the crossbeam 202 and the connecting plate 206 automatically return to their original positions under the action of the elastic restoring force of the metal material itself.

[0064] When the maintenance access needs to be opened, the latches 204 corresponding to the ends of the crossbeams 202 on the corresponding side triangular uprights 201 are removed. The end of the rotating shaft 205 disengages from the open opening of the blind rotating hole 7. The rotating shaft-crossbeam surface on this side flips outward with the other rotating shaft 205 as the axis, forming the maintenance entrance. After maintenance is completed, the rotating shaft-crossbeam surface is closed and the latches 204 are reinstalled to restore the integrity of the guardrail frame 2.

[0065] The triangular upright 201 rests on the second mounting base 9 via the first mounting base 8. The vertical gravity load is directly transmitted through the overlapping mounting base surfaces, and the shear pin 3 only bears the horizontal shear force. The shear pin 3 is provided with a critical section 301, which is located on the plane where the mating surfaces of the first mounting base 8 and the second mounting base 9 are located.

[0066] When the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame 2 is less than or equal to a preset threshold, the shear pin 3 remains intact, and the guardrail frame 2 is fixed to the base 101. When the lateral impact force exceeds the preset threshold, the shear pin 3 withstands pure shear force at the critical section 301 and breaks precisely, the first mounting seat 8 and the second mounting seat 9 disengage, and the guardrail frame 2 separates from the base 101.

[0067] The V-shaped guide groove on the triangular upright 201 is located in its middle position with the bottom of the groove facing the inside of the guardrail frame 2, and the V-shaped guide groove on the crossbeam 202 is located in its middle position with the bottom of the groove facing the outside of the guardrail frame 2. Both reduce the section modulus at this location, forming a locally weakened area.

[0068] When the shear pin 3 breaks, the guardrail frame 2 gains freedom. Upon frontal impact, the crossbeam 202 is under tension on the outward side and compression on the inward side. Because the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the crossbeam 202 faces outward (i.e., the groove is located on the outer tension surface of the crossbeam 202), the section modulus decreases at this point, causing preferential plastic yielding on the outer tension surface, forming a plastic hinge that guides the entire crossbeam 202 to bend and fold inward (i.e., towards the JP cabinet body 1). Simultaneously, the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the triangular upright 201 faces inward, and under the impact force, the triangular upright 201 forms an inward-facing plastic hinge at this location. These multiple plastic hinges work together to guide the entire guardrail frame 2 to undergo controlled inward folding deformation along a predetermined direction.

[0069] When the crossbeam 202 folds inward, the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4, bonded and fixed to the inside of the crossbeam 202, is compressed, achieving synchronous collapse and energy absorption. Under compressive load, its hexagonal honeycomb chambers undergo layer-by-layer buckling and compaction of the cell walls starting from the impact side, converting the impact kinetic energy into the plastic deformation energy of the honeycomb walls. This step-by-step collapse process maintains a stable crushing force throughout the entire collapse stroke.

[0070] The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet of the present invention performs the following working processes in sequence during normal use and when subjected to impact: Normal support process The shear pin 3 remains intact, fixing the guardrail frame 2 to the base 101; the telescopic diagonal brace 6 is kept taut by the pre-tension spring 606, providing auxiliary support for the JP cabinet body 1; each crossbeam 202 is fixed to the triangular upright 201 by the pivot 205 and the latch 204, and the guardrail frame 2 forms a complete rigid frame.

[0071] Minor impact buffering process When the crossbeam 202 is subjected to a lateral impact, and the impact force is less than the preset threshold of the shear pin 3, the entire crossbeam 202 will elastically swing around the common axis of the two end shafts 205, and the connecting plate 206 will undergo elastic bending deformation. Since multiple connecting plates 206 are fixedly connected to the same shaft 205 in the vertical direction, the impact force on each crossbeam 202 is different, and each crossbeam 202 applies a different torque to the shaft 205. However, since the shaft 205 is a rigid whole, and each connecting plate 206 is welded and fixed to the shaft 205, the end displacements of each crossbeam 202 are coordinated and consistent. The ends of all crossbeams 202 rotate synchronously around the axis of the same shaft 205 at the same angle, and all crossbeams 202 as a whole undergo synchronous elastic swing.

[0072] During the rotation of the shaft 205, friction is generated between the anti-slip grooves on its outer surface and the friction surface of the inner wall of the rotating groove, converting some of the impact kinetic energy into heat energy and dissipating it. After the impact is eliminated, the crossbeam 202 and the connecting plate 206 automatically return to their original positions under the action of the elastic restoring force of the metal material itself.

[0073] Maintenance and opening process Remove the latch 204 at the end of the corresponding side pivot-beam surface. The end of the pivot 205 disengages from the open opening of the blind rotation hole 7. The entire pivot-beam surface flips outward with the other side pivot 205 as the axis, forming an inspection entrance. After maintenance, close the pivot-beam surface and reinstall the latch 204 to restore the integrity of the guardrail frame 2.

[0074] Severe impact energy absorption process When the lateral impact force exceeds the preset threshold of the shear pin 3, the shear pin 3 withstands pure shear force at the critical section 301 and breaks precisely, causing the guardrail frame 2 to detach from the base 101. The folding guide structure 5 then comes into play: The bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the crossbeam 202 faces outward. In a head-on impact, the outward side (impact surface) of the crossbeam 202 is under tension, and the inward side is under compression. The V-shaped guide groove with its bottom facing outward reduces the section modulus of the outer tension surface, causing the tension surface to preferentially undergo plastic yielding, forming a plastic hinge facing inward, guiding the entire crossbeam 202 to bend and fold inward (i.e., towards the JP cabinet body 1).

[0075] The bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the triangular upright 201 faces inward, forming a plastic hinge facing inward at that location, which guides the triangular upright 201 to bend inward.

[0076] Multiple plastic hinges on the triangular uprights 201 and crossbeams 202 work together to guide the entire guardrail frame 2 to undergo controlled inward folding deformation along a preset direction. When the guardrail frame 2 folds inward, the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4, which is bonded and fixed to the inner sides of each crossbeam 202, connecting plate 206, and triangular uprights 201, is compressed. Its hexagonal honeycomb chambers buckle and compact layer by layer from the impact side, converting the impact kinetic energy into the plastic deformation energy of the honeycomb wall, achieving synchronous and stepwise collapse energy absorption. The telescopic diagonal brace 6 moves with the guardrail frame 2. Its inner rod 603 and outer rod 604 overcome the elastic force of the pre-tension spring 606 and slide relative to each other, and assist in energy absorption through the plastic deformation of the steel pipe wall.

[0077] Cabinet protection process During the above process, since the guardrail frame 2 has completely separated from the base 101 after the shear pin 3 breaks, the impact force is no longer transmitted to the JP cabinet body 1 through the base 101. Simultaneously, due to the existence of the reserved gap (between the guardrail frame 2 and the JP cabinet body 1) and the installation gap (between the right-angle end of the triangular upright 201 and the corner of the JP cabinet body 1), and the consistent range of both values, the controlled inward folding deformation of the guardrail frame 2 occurs within the gap range and will not directly impact the JP cabinet body 1. The main structure of the JP cabinet body 1 remains rigid and undeformed, protecting the internal electrical equipment.

[0078] Maintenance process Following the severe impact, the shear pin 3 broke, the guardrail frame 2 folded and deformed, the honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 collapsed, and the retractable diagonal brace 6 may have undergone plastic deformation. During maintenance, the broken shear pin 3 will be replaced, and the entire guardrail frame 2 will be replaced or partially replaced depending on the degree of deformation. The honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure 4 will be replaced, and the retractable diagonal brace 6 will be replaced or repaired depending on the degree of deformation. The entire maintenance process does not require replacement of the JP cabinet body 1 or its internal electrical equipment.

[0079] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant, energy-absorbing JP cabinet, comprising: The JP cabinet body (1) has a base (101) at its bottom; A guardrail frame (2) is arranged around the outer periphery of the JP cabinet body (1), and there is a reserved gap between the guardrail frame (2) and the JP cabinet body (1). Its features include a shear pin (3), a folding guide structure (5), and an energy-absorbing structure; The shear pin (3) is connected between the guardrail frame (2) and the base (101). The shear pin (3) is provided with a dangerous section (301) for breaking at the dangerous section (301) when the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame (2) exceeds a preset threshold, so that the guardrail frame (2) is separated from the base (101). The folding guide structure (5) is disposed on the guardrail frame (2) and is used to guide the guardrail frame (2) after detachment to undergo controlled folding deformation along a preset direction; The energy-absorbing structure is installed on the inner side of the guardrail frame (2) and is compressed when the guardrail frame (2) undergoes controlled folding deformation to absorb impact energy.

2. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear pin (3) is set in the vertical direction. The bottom of the guardrail frame (2) is provided with a first mounting seat (8). The base (101) is provided with a second mounting seat (9). The first mounting seat (8) and the second mounting seat (9) are stacked on top of each other. The lower surface of the first mounting seat (8) is in contact with the upper surface of the second mounting seat (9). The shear pin (3) passes through the first pin hole of the first mounting base (8) and the second pin hole of the second mounting base (9), and the dangerous section (301) is located on the plane where the mating surfaces of the first mounting base (8) and the second mounting base (9) are located; The vertical gravity load of the guardrail frame (2) is directly transmitted through the overlapping mounting surfaces, and the shear pin (3) only bears the horizontal shear force.

3. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guardrail frame (2) includes a plurality of vertically arranged triangular uprights (201) and a crossbeam (202) connecting adjacent triangular uprights (201). The cross section of the triangular upright (201) is a right triangle, and its two right-angled sides are respectively arranged parallel to the adjacent two side walls of the JP cabinet body (1), and its hypotenuse faces outward from the guardrail frame (2). The folding guide structure (5) includes a V-shaped guide groove located at the middle position of the triangular upright (201) and a V-shaped guide groove located at the middle position of the crossbeam (202); The bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the triangular upright (201) faces the inside of the guardrail frame (2), and the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove on the crossbeam (202) faces the outside of the guardrail frame (2).

4. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting plate (206) and a rotating shaft (205). Each of the triangular uprights (201) is equipped with a rotating block assembly. The rotating block assembly includes two rotating blocks (203) respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the triangular uprights (201). The rotating blocks (203) are provided with rotating blind holes (7). The two ends of the rotating shaft (205) extend into the corresponding rotating blind holes (7) and can rotate around its own axis. One end of the connecting plate (206) is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (205), and the other end is inclined away from the JP cabinet body (1) and the triangular upright (201). The end of the crossbeam (202) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate (206). Multiple connecting plates (206) are fixedly connected to the same rotating shaft (205) in the vertical direction. Each connecting plate (206) corresponds to a crossbeam (202), and each crossbeam (202) rotates synchronously around the axis of the same rotating shaft (205).

5. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the rotating shaft (205) is provided with anti-slip grooves, and the inner wall of the rotating blind hole (7) is provided with a friction surface. The anti-slip grooves cooperate with the friction surface to generate friction force to consume impact energy when the rotating shaft (205) rotates.

6. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating block (203) has an open opening that communicates with the rotating blind hole (7), and a latch (204) is detachably installed on the surface of the rotating block (203), the latch (204) having an arc-shaped curved portion; After the latch (204) is installed, the arc-shaped curved part and the inner wall of the rotating blind hole (7) form a rotating groove, and the end of the rotating shaft (205) is restricted in the rotating groove; After the latch (204) is disassembled, the end of the pivot (205) can be disengaged from the opening, so that the corresponding crossbeam (202) can be flipped outward with the pivot (205) on the other side as the axis.

7. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing structure is a honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure (4), which is fixed to the inner wall of the guardrail frame (2) by structural adhesive. The honeycomb aluminum alloy energy-absorbing structure (4) has hexagonal honeycomb chambers that are compressed when the guardrail frame (2) undergoes controlled folding deformation. The hexagonal honeycomb chambers undergo cell wall buckling and compaction layer by layer, converting impact kinetic energy into plastic deformation energy.

8. The impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a telescopic diagonal brace (6), one end of which is hinged to the top of the JP cabinet body (1) and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the guardrail frame (2). The retractable diagonal brace (6) is equipped with a pre-tension spring (606) inside, which is used to keep the retractable diagonal brace (6) taut under normal conditions and provide auxiliary support for the JP cabinet body (1); After the guardrail frame (2) is separated from the base (101), the telescopic diagonal brace (6) moves with the guardrail frame (2) and constrains its movement posture.

9. A protection method for an impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet, the JP cabinet comprising a JP cabinet body (1), a guardrail frame (2) surrounding the outer periphery of the JP cabinet body (1), and an energy-absorbing structure installed inside the guardrail frame (2), the guardrail frame (2) comprising a crossbeam (202), the two ends of the crossbeam (202) being connected to adjacent triangular uprights (201) respectively via pivots (205), the guardrail frame (2) being connected to the base (101) of the JP cabinet body (1) via a shear pin (3), the shear pin (3) being provided with a dangerous section (301); Its features are, The method includes: When the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame (2) exceeds the preset threshold, the shear pin (3) breaks at the dangerous section (301), the guardrail frame (2) separates from the base (101), and cuts off the transmission path of the impact force to the JP cabinet body (1). After the guardrail frame (2) is detached, it undergoes controlled folding deformation along a preset direction under the action of the folding guide structure (5) set on it; During the controlled folding deformation process, the guardrail frame (2) drives the energy-absorbing structure to be compressed synchronously, and the energy-absorbing structure absorbs impact energy through plastic deformation.

10. The protection method for the impact-resistant energy-absorbing JP cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the lateral impact force on the guardrail frame (2) is less than the preset threshold, the shear pin (3) remains intact, and the crossbeam (202) swings elastically around the pivot (205) at both ends, automatically returning to its original position after the impact force is eliminated.

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