Wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device and control method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device and its control method. The power generation device includes: a support tower; a nacelle located at the top of the support tower, housing a generator and a converter; and a blade assembly connected to the input shaft of the generator. The blade assembly is rotatable between a first position and a second position around the axis of the input shaft. In the first position, the blade surfaces of the photovoltaic blades are perpendicular to the plane of rotation; in the second position, the blade surfaces of the photovoltaic blades are parallel to the horizontal plane. The blade assembly includes multiple photovoltaic blades, each of which can rotate around its own axis. A photovoltaic combiner line is installed inside each photovoltaic blade, and the photovoltaic combiner line is electrically connected to the converter via a slip ring module. According to this invention, the integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device allows the power generation equipment to autonomously switch operating conditions based on real-time wind speed and solar irradiance, thereby achieving efficient utilization of wind and solar energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power generation equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated wind, solar and energy storage power generation device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, the development and utilization of wind and solar energy has become a research hotspot in the energy field. However, wind and solar energy are inherently intermittent and fluctuating—wind power generation depends on wind speed conditions, and photovoltaic power generation depends on sunlight conditions, making it difficult to perfectly match load demand in terms of temporal distribution. To solve this problem, wind-solar hybrid power generation systems have emerged.

[0003] Currently, traditional wind-solar hybrid systems typically use separate wind turbines and solar photovoltaic panels, which occupy a large space. Furthermore, the photovoltaic panels are fixed in place, making it difficult to adjust their angle according to sunlight conditions, thus limiting power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device, which enables the power generation equipment to autonomously switch operating conditions based on two types of environmental parameters: real-time wind speed and solar irradiance, thereby achieving efficient utilization of wind and solar energy.

[0005] This invention also proposes a control method for an integrated wind, solar, and energy storage power generation device.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device includes: a support tower; a nacelle disposed at the top of the support tower, the nacelle housing a generator and a converter; a blade assembly connected to the input shaft of the generator, the blade assembly being rotatable about the axis of the input shaft, the blade assembly including a plurality of photovoltaic blades, each photovoltaic blade being rotatable about its own axis between a first position and a second position, in the first position the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade is arranged perpendicular to the plane of rotation, and in the second position the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade is parallel to the horizontal plane, the photovoltaic blade having a photovoltaic busbar disposed inside, the photovoltaic busbar being electrically connected to the converter via a slip ring module; an attitude adjustment mechanism including a drive motor connected to the blade for driving the photovoltaic blade to rotate about its own axis; a sensor assembly for detecting light intensity and wind speed, the sensor assembly being communicatively connected to the drive motor; and an energy storage system including a battery pack electrically connected to the converter.

[0007] According to the wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device of the present invention, by setting each photovoltaic blade to be rotatable between a first position and a second position around its own axis, the photovoltaic blade can be in a vertical state in wind power generation mode, maintaining the optimal aerodynamic shape and thus increasing wind energy capture efficiency; in photovoltaic power generation mode, it is in a horizontal state, so that the large area of ​​photovoltaic material layer on the blade surface can be completely and directly facing the solar radiation, thus effectively avoiding cosine light loss caused by blade tilting or rotation, thereby significantly improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. In this way, the power generation equipment can autonomously switch its working conditions according to two types of environmental parameters: real-time wind speed and light intensity, thereby achieving efficient utilization of wind and solar energy.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic blade further has a third position, which is located between the first position and the second position. In the third position, the photovoltaic blade is arranged at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the photovoltaic blade maintains a preset safe rotation speed or is in a locked state.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic blade has a composite material layer, a photovoltaic material layer, and a protective layer arranged in layers. The photovoltaic material layer is disposed between the composite material layer and the protective layer, and the protective layer is disposed on the windward side of the photovoltaic blade. The composite material layer is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber reinforced composite material. The photovoltaic material layer is a flexible thin-film solar cell. The photovoltaic material layer includes a flexible conductive strip, and the photovoltaic material layer is connected to the photovoltaic bus line through the flexible conductive strip. The protective layer is a transparent material.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power generation device further includes: a wind turbine rotor, the wind turbine rotor including a hub, a plurality of photovoltaic blades being arranged circumferentially on the hub, the hub being drivenly connected to the input shaft of the generator, the attitude adjustment mechanism further including: a rotating shaft and an angle detection sensor, the drive motor being drivenly connected to the photovoltaic blades through the rotating shaft and the angle detection sensor being disposed on the drive motor for detecting the rotation angle of the photovoltaic blades.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage system further includes a battery management system for monitoring the state of charge, temperature and health status of the battery pack, and the power generation device further includes a control device electrically connected to the drive motor, angle detection sensor, generator, converter and battery management system.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the slip ring module includes: a housing with a cavity formed inside the housing; an electrical slip ring and an optical slip ring coaxially arranged; both the electrical slip ring and the optical slip ring are disposed within the cavity; the electrical slip ring is a multi-channel metal brush slip ring used to transmit the large current generated by photovoltaic power generation; the optical slip ring is an optical fiber rotary connector used to transmit the status monitoring signal of the photovoltaic module on the blade side.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack includes: a first energy storage unit, which is an energy-type battery; and a second energy storage unit, which is a power-type supercapacitor; the energy storage system includes: an energy management unit, used to dynamically allocate the charging and discharging power of the two energy storage units according to power demand and response speed requirements.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power generation device further includes: a solar tracking subsystem, the solar tracking subsystem including: a solar position calculation unit, a nacelle yaw control unit, and a blade tilt angle fine-tuning unit; the solar position calculation unit calculates the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle according to the local latitude, longitude, and time; the nacelle yaw control unit adjusts the horizontal orientation of the nacelle according to the solar azimuth angle; the blade tilt angle fine-tuning unit fine-tunes the tilt angle of the photovoltaic blades according to the solar altitude angle.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power generation device further includes: a temperature sensor disposed at the connection position between the photovoltaic blade and the generator, for real-time detection of the temperature of the photovoltaic blade; a current sensor disposed at the connection position between the photovoltaic blade and the generator, for real-time detection of the photovoltaic output current of the photovoltaic blade; and an alarm device electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the current sensor, for issuing an alarm signal when the temperature exceeds a first preset temperature and / or the current is lower than a first preset current.

[0016] According to the control method of the wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device of the second aspect of the present invention, the method is applied to the wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device according to the first aspect, wherein the power generation device has a first operating mode, a second operating mode and a third operating mode, and the photovoltaic blades have a first position, a second position and a third position. In the first operating mode, the photovoltaic blades rotate to the first position; in the second operating mode, the photovoltaic blades rotate to the second position; and in the third operating mode, the photovoltaic blades rotate to the third position. The control method includes: real-time acquisition of ambient wind speed, light intensity, and energy storage system state of charge data; determining and confirming the current operating mode of the power generation device based on the ambient wind speed and light intensity, wherein: when the wind speed is greater than or equal to a first preset wind speed, the power generation device enters the first operating mode; when the wind speed is less than the first preset wind speed and the light intensity is greater than or equal to a first preset value, the power generation device enters the second operating mode; when the wind speed is less than a second preset wind speed, the second preset wind speed is less than the first preset wind speed, and the light intensity is less than a second preset value, the second preset value is less than the first preset value, the power generation device... The system enters the third operating mode; based on the state of charge of the energy storage system, it adjusts the output power of the power generation device or the system's electrical load; wherein, when the state of charge is greater than a preset upper threshold, if the system is in grid-connected mode, the excess power is fed into the grid; if the system is in off-grid mode, the output power of the power generation device is reduced, and if the reduced output power still exceeds the current electrical load demand, the unloading device is activated; when the state of charge is less than a preset lower threshold, and the ambient wind speed is less than the second preset wind speed and the light intensity is less than the second preset value, non-critical electrical loads are cut off.

[0017] According to the control method of the present invention, the power generation device can achieve efficient and stable operation around the clock. For example, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day, photovoltaic power generation is given priority; at night or on cloudy or rainy days, if there is wind, it automatically switches to wind power generation. At the same time, through the charging and discharging regulation of the energy storage system, the instantaneous fluctuations of wind and solar power output can be effectively suppressed, thereby ensuring a stable power supply around the clock.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a control method for an integrated wind, solar, and energy storage power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure label: 100. Power generation equipment; 10. Support tower; 20. Cabin; 30. Blade assembly; 31. Photovoltaic blade; 40. Attitude adjustment mechanism; 41. Drive motor; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Angle detection sensor; 50. Sensor assembly; 51. Anemometer; 52. Light sensor; 60. Energy storage system; 61. Battery pack; 62. Battery management system; 63. Bidirectional DC-DC converter; 70. Control device; 80. Slip ring module; 81. Electrical slip ring; 82. Optical slip ring; 90. Fan rotor; 91. Hub. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] The following is for reference. Figure 1 A wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes: a support tower 10, a nacelle 20, a blade assembly 30, an attitude adjustment mechanism 40, a sensor assembly 50, and an energy storage system 60.

[0024] The nacelle 20 is located at the top of the support tower 10, and a generator and converter are installed inside the nacelle 20. The generator is the core of the power conversion of the power generation device 100, and its main function is to convert the mechanical energy generated by the wind energy captured by the blade assembly 30 into electrical energy. The converter is an intelligent interface connecting the generator to the external power grid or energy storage system 60. Its main function is to perform power electronic conversion processing such as rectification and inversion on the unstable electrical energy generated by the generator. The nacelle 20 is a sealed enclosure that houses and protects the generator and converter. It can effectively resist the erosion of harsh natural environments such as wind, rain, and sandstorms, thereby providing reliable safety protection for the internal precision equipment.

[0025] For example, the support tower 10 is a steel conical cylinder structure, fixed to the foundation, with a slewing bearing at the top. The nacelle 20 is mounted on the slewing bearing and can rotate horizontally under the drive of the yaw drive device. It should be noted that the nacelle 20 is also equipped with a yaw drive mechanism.

[0026] The blade assembly 30 is connected to the input shaft of the generator and can rotate around the axis of the input shaft. The blade assembly 30 includes multiple photovoltaic blades 31. Each photovoltaic blade 31 can rotate around its own axis between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is arranged perpendicular to the plane of rotation. In the second position, the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is parallel to the horizontal plane. A photovoltaic busbar is provided inside the photovoltaic blade 31. The photovoltaic busbar is electrically connected to the converter through the slip ring module 80.

[0027] The phrase "blade assembly 30 includes multiple photovoltaic blades 31" is intended to indicate that the blade assembly 30 can not only generate wind power, but also receive light signals to generate photovoltaic power. That is, the blade assembly 30 of this application can achieve the physical integration of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation without requiring additional land occupation, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios with scarce land resources, such as distributed generation, island microgrids, and highway lighting.

[0028] The statement "In the first position, the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is arranged perpendicular to the plane of rotation" is intended to indicate that in the first position, the photovoltaic blade 31 is in a vertical state. This vertical orientation allows the blade assembly 30 to be completely transformed into a wind turbine photovoltaic blade 31 that conforms to aerodynamic standards, thereby enabling it to cut into the wind flow with the best aerodynamic shape and increase wind energy capture efficiency. In other words, when the photovoltaic blade 31 is in the first position, the power generation device 100 mainly generates wind power.

[0029] The statement "In the second position, the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is parallel to the horizontal plane" is intended to indicate that in the second position, the photovoltaic blade 31 is flipped to a horizontal state, and the large area of ​​photovoltaic material layer faces the sun. At this time, the blade assembly 30 is mainly used to receive light energy. In other words, in the second position, the power generation device 100 switches to the photovoltaic power generation dominant mode.

[0030] The phrase "each photovoltaic blade 31 can rotate around its own axis between a first position and a second position" means that by adjusting the deflection angle of the photovoltaic blades 31, the device's power generation mode can be flexibly switched and intelligently adapted. In actual operation, the system can automatically match the optimal posture of the photovoltaic blades 31 according to real-time environmental parameters. For example, under conditions of sufficient wind speed and weak sunlight, the photovoltaic blades 31 can be uniformly adjusted to the vertical first position to fully utilize the wind power generation efficiency; while under conditions of strong sunlight and no or light wind, the photovoltaic blades 31 are driven to rotate to the second position to maximize the utilization of solar energy for photovoltaic power generation.

[0031] The phrase "the photovoltaic combiner line is electrically connected to the converter through the slip ring module 80" means that the converter in this embodiment is used not only to transmit electrical energy converted from wind energy, but also to transmit electrical energy converted from solar energy.

[0032] The attitude adjustment mechanism 40 includes a drive motor 41, which is connected to the photovoltaic blade 31 and is used to drive the photovoltaic blade 31 to rotate around its own axis. It can be understood that the drive motor 41 provides driving force for the rotation of the photovoltaic blade 31.

[0033] For example, the drive motor 41 is a servo motor, which is installed in the hub 91. The output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft 42 through a harmonic reducer, which can achieve high precision and high torque output.

[0034] The sensor assembly 50 is used to detect light intensity and wind speed, and is communicatively connected to the drive motor 41. Specifically, when the sensor detects a specific light intensity or wind speed threshold, it can transmit a signal to the drive motor 41. The drive motor 41 then responds and precisely controls the photovoltaic blades 31 to flip between a first position and a second position. This not only significantly shortens the system's response delay and ensures that the photovoltaic blades 31's attitude can match the current optimal power generation mode in real time, but also realizes fully automatic intelligent scheduling of wind-solar hybrid power generation, thereby completely eliminating the need for manual intervention and significantly improving the overall power generation efficiency and operational reliability of the entire power generation device 100.

[0035] For example, the sensor assembly 50 includes an anemometer 51 and a light sensor 52, which are mounted on the top of the nacelle 20.

[0036] Optionally, the sensor assembly 50 also includes a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting ambient temperature and humidity, mounted on the top of the cabin 20.

[0037] The energy storage system 60 includes a battery pack 61, which is electrically connected to the inverter. The battery pack 61 is used to store electrical energy generated in wind power generation mode and photovoltaic power generation mode.

[0038] Optionally, the battery pack 61 may be a lithium iron phosphate battery.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device 100 allows each photovoltaic blade 31 to rotate between a first position and a second position around its own axis. This enables the photovoltaic blade 31 to be in a vertical state in wind power generation mode, maintaining the optimal aerodynamic shape and thus increasing wind energy capture efficiency. In photovoltaic power generation mode, it is in a horizontal state, allowing the large-area photovoltaic material layer on the surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 to be fully and directly facing solar radiation. This effectively avoids cosine light loss caused by the tilting or rotation of the photovoltaic blade 31, thereby significantly improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. In this way, the power generation equipment can autonomously switch its operating conditions based on real-time wind speed and light intensity, thereby achieving efficient utilization of wind and solar energy.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic blade 31 further has a third position, which is located between the first and second positions. In the third position, the photovoltaic blade 31 is arranged at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the photovoltaic blade 31 maintains a preset safe rotation speed or is in a locked state. In this way, the photovoltaic blade 31 can reduce its windward area and wind resistance torque in strong winds by adjusting its position under severe weather conditions, thereby reducing the wind load on the photovoltaic blade 31 and its supporting structure, and thus preventing mechanical fatigue or structural damage caused by extreme gusts, thereby improving the operational safety of the power generation device 100.

[0041] For example, when the ambient wind speed is higher than a first preset threshold (e.g., 5 m / s), the control drive motor 41 rotates the photovoltaic blade 31 to a first position, so that the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 forms a perpendicular angle with the plane of rotation (i.e., the wide surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is perpendicular to the plane of rotation), in order to maximize the wind energy capture efficiency. At this time, the photovoltaic blade 31 works as a standard wind turbine photovoltaic blade 31, and its aerodynamic shape is intact and unaffected by the photovoltaic material.

[0042] When the ambient wind speed is below the second preset threshold (e.g., 3 m / s) and the ambient light intensity is above the third preset threshold (e.g., 200 W / m²), the drive motor 41 is controlled to rotate the photovoltaic blade 31 to the second position, making the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 parallel to the horizontal plane (i.e., the wide side of the photovoltaic blade 31 faces upwards), and minimizing the angle between the overall span of the photovoltaic blade 31 and the incident sunlight, thereby maximizing photovoltaic power generation efficiency. At this time, the photovoltaic blade 31 stops rotating or rotates at a very low speed, and the photovoltaic material faces the sun, receiving the maximum amount of irradiance.

[0043] When the ambient wind speed and ambient light intensity are both lower than the corresponding preset threshold, the control drive motor 41 rotates the photovoltaic blade 31 to the third position, so that the photovoltaic blade 31 is at a 45° angle with the horizontal plane, while maintaining the minimum speed or locking it, so that the energy storage system 60 provides the main power supply, thereby reducing the wind resistance of the photovoltaic blade 31 and the tower load.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic blade 31 has a composite material layer, a photovoltaic material layer and a protective layer arranged in layers. The photovoltaic material layer is arranged between the composite material layer and the protective layer, and the protective layer is arranged on the windward side of the photovoltaic blade 31. The composite material layer is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber reinforced composite material. The photovoltaic material layer is a flexible thin-film solar cell. The photovoltaic material layer includes a flexible conductive strip, and the photovoltaic material layer is connected to the photovoltaic bus line through the flexible conductive strip. The protective layer is a transparent material.

[0045] Specifically, the composite material layer forms the main load-bearing frame of the photovoltaic blade 31; the photovoltaic material layer is mainly used to receive light signals and convert them into electrical energy; the protective layer mainly plays a protective role to extend the service life of the photovoltaic blade 31. The protective layer is made of transparent material, which can resist the erosion of the external environment (such as wind, sand, ultraviolet rays, rain, etc.) to extend the service life of the photovoltaic blade 31, and will not block sunlight penetration, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic material layer can fully receive light and maintain its normal photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0046] In addition, the photovoltaic blade 31 is made by stacking composite material layers, photovoltaic material layers and protective layers, which can reduce the overall weight of the photovoltaic blade 31, ensure that there is no relative slippage or peeling between the photovoltaic material and the photovoltaic blade 31 substrate under high speed rotation, and at the same time meet the aerodynamic shape accuracy requirements.

[0047] Optionally, the photovoltaic blade 31 is an integrated structure of lightweight composite material and flexible photovoltaic material. The photovoltaic material layer is bonded to the composite material layer through high-temperature pressing or bonding process. The transparent protective layer is made of high light transmittance and weather-resistant fluoroplastic film, which covers the outermost layer.

[0048] For example, the blade assembly 30 includes three photovoltaic blades 31, wherein the photovoltaic blades 31 are an integrated structure of lightweight composite material and flexible photovoltaic material, and their cross-sections from the inside out are: a composite material layer, a photovoltaic material layer, and a protective layer. The composite material layer uses carbon fiber reinforced composite material (CFRP) or glass fiber reinforced composite material (GFRP), and forms the main load-bearing skeleton of the photovoltaic blades 31 through vacuum infusion or prepreg molding processes. Its thickness and layup direction are optimized according to the load of the photovoltaic blades 31. The photovoltaic material layer uses copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) flexible thin-film solar cells, with a total cell thickness of approximately 0.5~1mm, which can be produced by roll-to-roll process. This layer is bonded to the surface of the composite material layer by high-temperature pressing or special structural adhesive to form a bubble-free, high-adhesion interface. The transparent protective layer uses ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film, with a thickness of approximately 0.1~0.2mm, a light transmittance of ≥92%, and excellent weather resistance, UV resistance, and self-cleaning properties. It is bonded to the photovoltaic material layer by hot melt adhesive film. It should be noted that the three layers of material are formed in one step in a special mold. After forming, the surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is smooth and the aerodynamic shape accuracy reaches within ±0.5mm. Under high-speed rotation conditions (the linear velocity of the tip of the photovoltaic blade 31 can reach 80m / s), the peeling stress generated by centrifugal force is transmitted through the interface between the structural reinforcement layer and the flexible photovoltaic material layer. Since the elastic modulus of the two are similar and the bonding strength is high, delamination or slippage will not occur.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the power generation device 100 also includes a wind turbine rotor 90, which includes a hub 91. Multiple photovoltaic blades 31 are arranged at circumferential intervals on the hub 91, and the hub 91 is connected to the input shaft of the generator. The wind turbine rotor 90 is the core component for capturing wind energy, generating rotational mechanical energy under wind power. The wind turbine rotor 90 is connected to the input shaft of the generator via the hub 91, achieving efficient transfer and conversion of wind energy into mechanical energy, thus providing a reliable power foundation for the stable operation of the entire power generation system.

[0050] Optionally, the wind turbine rotor 90 also includes a mounting flange for the photovoltaic blades 31. This mounting flange is typically located on the outer periphery of the hub 91 and is used to mount the photovoltaic blades 31. Specifically, the flange connection not only provides a standardized and highly reliable mounting interface for the photovoltaic blades 31, facilitating their assembly, disassembly, and subsequent maintenance, but also effectively disperses and withstands the enormous centrifugal force and aerodynamic load generated by the photovoltaic blades 31 during high-speed rotation. This significantly improves the structural strength and fatigue resistance of the connection point between the photovoltaic blades 31 and the rotor.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the attitude adjustment mechanism 40 also includes a rotating shaft 42 and an angle detection sensor 43. A drive motor 41 is connected to the photovoltaic blade 31 via the rotating shaft 42. The angle detection sensor 43 is mounted on the drive motor 41 and is used to detect the rotation angle of the photovoltaic blade 31. This allows for precise control and real-time monitoring of the rotation angle of the photovoltaic blade 31, ensuring that the photovoltaic blade 31 maintains the optimal light-receiving attitude and further improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0052] Specifically, the rotating shaft 42 is located at the connection between the root of the photovoltaic blade 31 and the hub 91, enabling the photovoltaic blade 31 to rotate around its own axis; the angle detection sensor 43 adopts a multi-turn absolute rotary encoder, which is installed at the tail of the drive motor 41 and has a resolution of not less than 0.01°, and is used to detect the current rotation angle of the photovoltaic blade 31 to realize closed-loop control.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system 60 also includes a battery management system 62, which monitors the state of charge, temperature, and health status of the battery pack 61. Specifically, the battery management system 62, as the core component responsible for sensing in the energy storage system 60, works closely with the battery pack 61, acting as a health manager for the battery to monitor its state of charge, temperature, and health status, preventing safety risks or performance degradation caused by battery abnormalities, thereby effectively ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the power generation unit 100 also includes a control device 70, which is electrically connected to the drive motor 41, angle detection sensor 43, generator, converter, and battery management system 62. It can be understood that the power generation unit 100, through the electrical connection of the control device 70 to each core component, enables centralized planning and intelligent management of the entire power generation system, thereby ensuring the efficiency, stability, and safety of the wind and solar energy conversion and storage process.

[0055] For example, the control device 70 includes a main controller and a human-machine interface. The main controller is a programmable logic controller (PLC) and is electrically connected to the drive motor 41, the angle detection sensor 43, the generator, the converter, and the battery management system 62. The human-machine interface is used for parameter setting, status display, and fault alarm.

[0056] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the slip ring module 80 includes a housing and an electrical slip ring 81 and an optical slip ring 82 coaxially arranged, with a cavity formed inside the housing. Both the electrical slip ring 81 and the optical slip ring 82 are located within the cavity. The electrical slip ring 81 is a multi-channel metal brush slip ring used to transmit the large current generated by photovoltaic power generation. The optical slip ring 82 is a fiber optic rotary connector used to transmit the status monitoring signals of the photovoltaic modules on the photovoltaic blade 31 side. Specifically, the electrical slip ring 81 and the optical slip ring 82 are coaxially integrated inside a single housing, sharing a rotary interface. This allows the photovoltaic current and monitoring signals of the rotating photovoltaic blade 31 to be simultaneously and reliably transmitted to the converter and control system on the stationary nacelle 20 side, effectively solving the problem that traditional single slip rings cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of large current and signal transmission quality.

[0057] It should be noted that the slip ring module 80 adopts a composite transmission structure of high current and high frequency signal, and is installed in the central hole of the main shaft between the hub 91 and the nacelle 20. The electrical slip ring 81 is a multi-channel metal brush slip ring with no less than 3 channels (positive, negative, and spare), each with a rated current of 30A and a rated voltage of 1000V DC. The brush material is silver-copper alloy, with a contact resistance ≤10mΩ and an insulation resistance ≥500MΩ. The electrical slip ring 81 is used to transmit the large current generated by photovoltaic power generation. It is introduced into the slip ring rotor from the photovoltaic combiner line on the photovoltaic blade 31 side through a wire, then transmitted to the slip ring stator through the brush, and finally connected to the converter in the nacelle 20. The optical slip ring 82 is a fiber optic rotary connector, using single-mode or multi-mode fiber, with an insertion loss ≤2dB, a return loss ≥40dB, and a rotational speed adaptability of 0~50rpm. The optical slip ring 82 is used to transmit the status monitoring signals of the photovoltaic module on the side of the photovoltaic blade 31, including the high-frequency analog or digital signals collected by the miniature temperature sensor, current sensor and light sensor 52 on each photovoltaic blade 31. After electro-optical conversion, the signals are transmitted through optical fiber, which completely avoids the influence of brush contact noise and electromagnetic interference in the electrical slip ring 81 on the weak signals.

[0058] Optionally, the electrical slip ring 81 uses a silver alloy brush, which has stable contact resistance and can withstand high current heating; the optical slip ring 82 uses a fiber optic rotary connector, which has high bandwidth and is resistant to electromagnetic interference, ensuring that sensor data such as temperature, current, and voltage on the photovoltaic blade 31 are reliably uploaded to the control system in real time.

[0059] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage battery pack includes: a first energy storage unit and a second energy storage unit, wherein the first energy storage unit is an energy-type battery; and the second energy storage unit is a power-type supercapacitor. It is understood that this embodiment is a hybrid energy storage system, which can both ensure the system's energy throughput capacity and improve the response speed to fluctuations in wind and solar power, thereby extending battery life.

[0060] Specifically, the first energy storage unit uses an energy-type lithium-ion battery to smooth out energy imbalances over long time periods; the second energy storage unit uses a power-type supercapacitor to absorb instantaneous power surges and compensate for dynamic responses. It should be noted that the ratio of the first energy storage unit to the second energy storage unit is adjustable. For example, in some embodiments, the capacity of the first energy storage unit accounts for 70%, and the capacity of the second energy storage unit accounts for 30%.

[0061] The energy storage system 60 also includes an energy management unit, which dynamically allocates the charging and discharging power of the two energy storage units according to power demand and response speed requirements. Understandably, the energy management unit acts as the intelligent scheduling center of the system, monitoring the total power demand of the system and the status of each energy storage unit in real time, and dynamically allocating charging and discharging power accordingly. In other words, it can allocate high-frequency, instantaneous power fluctuations to fast-responding energy storage units (such as supercapacitors) and low-frequency, stable base load power to energy storage units with high energy density (such as batteries) based on the rate of load change (response speed requirements). This differentiated division of labor not only fully leverages the performance advantages of each unit but also effectively smooths out power fluctuations and significantly extends the cycle life of key components such as batteries.

[0062] The energy storage system 60 also includes a bidirectional DC-DC converter 63, which comprises a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit, respectively connected to the first energy storage unit and the second energy storage unit. It is understood that the first energy storage unit and the second energy storage unit conversion units are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. This allows the system to flexibly adjust the voltage and current of each energy storage branch, boosting or bucking the energy from the energy storage unit to supply the load during discharge, and efficiently recharging excess energy back to the energy storage unit during charging or energy recovery. This effectively improves the flexibility and conversion efficiency of the system's energy utilization.

[0063] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power generation device 100 further includes a solar tracking subsystem, which includes a solar position calculation unit, a nacelle 20 yaw control unit, and a photovoltaic blade 31 tilt angle fine-tuning unit. The solar position calculation unit calculates the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the local latitude, longitude, and time. The nacelle 20 yaw control unit adjusts the horizontal orientation of the nacelle 20 based on the solar azimuth angle. The photovoltaic blade 31 tilt angle fine-tuning unit fine-tunes the tilt angle of the photovoltaic blade 31 based on the solar altitude angle. Specifically, when the power generation device 100 is working, it can use the solar position calculation unit to calculate the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the local latitude, longitude, and time; then use the nacelle 20 yaw control unit to adjust the horizontal orientation of the nacelle 20 based on the solar azimuth angle, so that the spanwise direction of the photovoltaic blade 31 is perpendicular to the solar azimuth angle; then use the photovoltaic blade 31 tilt angle fine-tuning unit to fine-tune the tilt angle of the photovoltaic blade 31 based on the solar altitude angle, so that the surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is perpendicular to the sunlight. In this way, the light receiving area and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic blade 31 can be further improved, and the utilization rate of solar energy can be further improved.

[0064] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the power generation device 100 further includes a temperature sensor and a current sensor. The temperature sensor is located at the connection point between the photovoltaic blade 31 and the generator, and is used to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic blade 31 in real time. The current sensor is located at the connection point between the photovoltaic blade 31 and the generator, and is used to detect the photovoltaic output current of the photovoltaic blade 31 in real time. This allows for real-time detection of the operating status of the photovoltaic blade 31, and enables the immediate triggering of alarms or automatic protection mechanisms when fault symptoms such as abnormal temperature increases or significant drops in output current occur. This effectively prevents the fault from escalating, ensures the safe operation of the power generation device 100, and provides data support for subsequent precise operation and maintenance.

[0065] It should be noted that since the photovoltaic blade 31 is in a rotating state during operation, the temperature sensor and current sensor are located at the connection point between the photovoltaic blade 31 and the generator, that is, at the root of the photovoltaic blade 31. This ensures the safe use of the temperature sensor and current sensor.

[0066] The power generation unit 100 also includes an alarm device electrically connected to a temperature sensor and a current sensor, used to issue an alarm signal when the temperature exceeds a first preset temperature and / or the current falls below a first preset current. This allows for the immediate transmission of abnormal information to maintenance personnel when the photovoltaic blades 31 malfunction, enabling rapid detection of on-site anomalies even in unattended or remotely monitored scenarios. This effectively shortens fault response time and prevents further escalation of accidents.

[0067] Optionally, the control device 70 is electrically connected to a temperature sensor and a current sensor. Specifically, when the photovoltaic output current of a certain photovoltaic blade 31 is significantly lower than that of other photovoltaic blades 31, or the temperature rises abnormally, the control system determines that the photovoltaic module of that photovoltaic blade 31 may be faulty or shading. At this time, the control system may take one of the following measures: adjust the yaw angle of the nacelle 20 to try to change the direction of the shading; fine-tune the tilt angle of the photovoltaic blade 31 and observe the output change; if a fault is confirmed, isolate the photovoltaic module of that photovoltaic blade 31 from the system and issue a maintenance alarm.

[0068] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the control method of the wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device 100 is applied to the wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device 100 according to a first aspect of the present invention. The power generation device 100 has a first operating mode, a second operating mode and a third operating mode. The photovoltaic blade 31 has a first position, a second position and a third position. In the first operating mode, the photovoltaic blade 31 rotates to the first position; in the second operating mode, the photovoltaic blade 31 rotates to the second position; and in the third operating mode, the photovoltaic blade 31 rotates to the third position.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the control methods include: Real-time data collection of ambient wind speed, light intensity, and state of charge (SOC) data of the energy storage system 60. Specifically, the current wind speed V is collected by the anemometer 51, the current light intensity L is collected by the light sensor 52, and the SOC of the battery pack 61 is obtained by the battery management system 62.

[0070] Based on the ambient wind speed and light intensity, the current working mode of the power generation device 100 is determined and confirmed. Specifically, when the wind speed is greater than or equal to the first preset wind speed, the power generation device 100 enters the first working mode; when the wind speed is less than the first preset wind speed and the light intensity is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the power generation device 100 enters the second working mode; when the wind speed is less than the second preset wind speed, the second preset wind speed is less than the first preset wind speed, the light intensity is less than the second preset value, and the second preset value is less than the first preset value, the power generation device 100 enters the third working mode.

[0071] The first working mode is wind power generation mode, the second working mode is photovoltaic power generation mode, and the third working mode is energy storage system 60 power generation mode.

[0072] For example, the first preset wind speed V1 is set to 4 m / s, the second preset wind speed V2 is set to 2.5 m / s; the first preset value L1 is set to 150 W / m², and the second preset value L2 is set to 50 W / m².

[0073] If V≥V1, the wind power generation priority mode is entered, and the drive motor 41 is controlled to rotate the photovoltaic blade 31 to the first working state, so that the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is perpendicular to the plane of rotation. At the same time, the angle of attack of the photovoltaic blade 31 is adjusted by the pitch mechanism to keep the tip speed ratio within the optimal range of 6-8. At this time, the generator is connected to the grid to generate electricity, and the excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage system 60 through the bidirectional DC-DC converter 63.

[0074] If V < V1 and L ≥ L1, the power generation device 100 enters the photovoltaic power generation priority mode: At this time, the control drive motor 41 rotates the photovoltaic blade 31 to the second working state, so that the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 is parallel to the horizontal plane; at the same time, the solar tracking subsystem is started, the orientation of the nacelle 20 is adjusted according to the solar azimuth angle, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic blade 31 is finely adjusted according to the solar altitude angle; at this time, the DC power output by the photovoltaic module is inverted into AC power by the converter and connected to the grid, and the excess power is stored in the energy storage system 60.

[0075] If V < V2 and L < L2, the energy storage power supply mode is entered: At this time, the control drive motor 41 rotates the photovoltaic blade 31 to the third working state, and the photovoltaic blade 31 forms a 45° angle with the horizontal plane to reduce wind resistance. At this time, the generator and photovoltaic module stop working or are in standby mode; the load is powered by the energy storage system 60 through the bidirectional DC-DC converter 63 and the inverter.

[0076] It should be noted that if V is between V2 and V1 and L is between L2 and L1, the power generation device 100 will enter a hybrid mode: at this time, the control device 70 will dynamically allocate the proportion of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation according to the real-time power demand and energy storage status, and the attitude of the photovoltaic blades 31 can be continuously adjusted between vertical and horizontal to maximize the total power generation.

[0077] Based on the state of charge (SBC) of the energy storage system 60, the output power of the power generation device 100 or the system's electrical load is adjusted. Specifically, when the SBC is greater than a preset upper threshold, if the system is in grid-connected mode, the excess power is fed into the grid; if the system is in off-grid mode, the output power of the power generation device 100 is reduced, and if the reduced output power still exceeds the current electrical load demand, the unloading device is activated. When the SBC is less than a preset lower threshold, and the ambient wind speed is less than a second preset wind speed and the light intensity is less than a second preset value, non-critical electrical loads are disconnected.

[0078] For example, the upper limit threshold Smax is set to 90%, and the lower limit threshold Smin is set to 20%.

[0079] When SOC > Smax: If the system is connected to the grid, excess power will be fed back into the grid. If the system is off-grid and the load is small, the angle of attack of the photovoltaic blades will be gradually reduced or the photovoltaic MPPT tracking will be turned off to reduce the power generation. If the power generation still exceeds the load demand, the load will be unloaded to consume excess power.

[0080] When SOC < Smin: If V < V2 and L < L2, then unnecessary loads are cut off, and only the control system and key monitoring equipment are powered. A low power alarm signal is issued to remind maintenance personnel to handle the situation. However, if wind speed or sunlight conditions improve, power generation is restored first and the energy storage system is charged.

[0081] Optionally, in the first working mode, the angle of attack of the photovoltaic blade 31 can be adjusted in real time according to the wind speed change, so that the tip speed ratio is maintained near the optimal value; optionally, in the second working mode, the span of the photovoltaic blade 31 is perpendicular to the sunlight, and the photovoltaic module on the surface of the photovoltaic blade 31 receives the maximum light intensity.

[0082] According to the control method of the present invention, the power generation device 100 can be operated efficiently and stably around the clock. For example, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day, photovoltaic power generation is given priority; at night or on cloudy or rainy days, if there is wind, it automatically switches to wind power generation. At the same time, through the charging and discharging regulation of the energy storage system 60, the instantaneous fluctuations of wind and solar power output can be effectively suppressed, thereby ensuring a stable power supply around the clock.

[0083] It should be noted that the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described control method.

[0084] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0085] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0086] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0087] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0088] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wind-solar-storage integrated power generation device (100), characterized in that, include: Support tower (10); The nacelle (20) is located at the top of the support tower (10), and a generator and converter are installed inside the nacelle (20); A blade assembly (30) is connected to the input shaft of the generator. The blade assembly (30) is rotatable about the axis of the input shaft. The blade assembly (30) includes a plurality of photovoltaic blades (31). Each photovoltaic blade (31) is rotatable about its own axis between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade (31) is arranged perpendicular to the plane of rotation. In the second position, the blade surface of the photovoltaic blade (31) is parallel to the horizontal plane. A photovoltaic busbar is provided inside the photovoltaic blade (31). The photovoltaic busbar is electrically connected to the converter through a slip ring module (80). An attitude adjustment mechanism (40) is provided, which includes a drive motor (41) connected to the blade and used to drive the photovoltaic blade (31) around its own axis. A sensor assembly (50) is used to detect light intensity and wind speed, and the sensor assembly (50) is communicatively connected to the drive motor (41). An energy storage system (60) includes a battery pack (61) which is electrically connected to the converter.

2. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic blade (31) also has a third position, which is located between the first position and the second position. In the third position, the photovoltaic blade (31) is arranged at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the photovoltaic blade (31) maintains a preset safe rotation speed or is in a locked state.

3. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic blade (31) has a composite material layer, a photovoltaic material layer, and a protective layer arranged in layers. The photovoltaic material layer is arranged between the composite material layer and the protective layer, and the protective layer is arranged on the windward side of the photovoltaic blade (31). The composite material layer is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber reinforced composite material; the photovoltaic material layer is a flexible thin-film solar cell; the photovoltaic material layer includes a flexible conductive strip, and the photovoltaic material layer is connected to the photovoltaic bus line through the flexible conductive strip; the protective layer is a transparent material.

4. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a wind turbine rotor (90), the wind turbine rotor (90) including a hub (91), a plurality of photovoltaic blades (31) being arranged circumferentially on the hub (91), the hub (91) being drivenly connected to the input shaft of the generator. The attitude adjustment mechanism (40) further includes a rotating shaft (42) and an angle detection sensor (43). The drive motor (41) is connected to the photovoltaic blade (31) via the rotating shaft (42). The angle detection sensor (43) is mounted on the drive motor (41) and is used to detect the rotation angle of the photovoltaic blade (31).

5. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage system (60) also includes a battery management system (62) for monitoring the state of charge, temperature and health of the battery pack (61). The power generation device (100) also includes a control device (70) which is electrically connected to the drive motor (41), angle detection sensor (43), generator, converter and battery management system (62).

6. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slip ring module (80) includes: The shell has a cavity inside; An electrical slip ring (81) and an optical slip ring (82) are coaxially arranged; both the electrical slip ring (81) and the optical slip ring (82) are located in the cavity. The electrical slip ring (81) is a multi-channel metal brush slip ring used to transmit the large current generated by photovoltaic power generation. The optical slip ring (82) is an optical fiber rotary connector used to transmit the status monitoring signal of the photovoltaic module on the blade side.

7. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack (61) includes: The first energy storage unit is an energy-type battery. The second energy storage unit is a power-type supercapacitor. The energy storage system (60) further includes an energy management unit for dynamically allocating the charging and discharging power of the two energy storage units according to power demand and response speed requirements.

8. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The sun tracking subsystem includes: a solar position calculation unit, a nacelle (20) yaw control unit, and a blade tilt angle fine-tuning unit; The solar position calculation unit calculates the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the local latitude, longitude and time; the yaw control unit of the nacelle (20) adjusts the horizontal orientation of the nacelle (20) based on the solar azimuth angle; the blade tilt angle fine-tuning unit fine-tunes the tilt angle of the photovoltaic blade (31) based on the solar altitude angle.

9. The integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A temperature sensor is installed at the connection point between the photovoltaic blade (31) and the generator to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic blade (31) in real time. A current sensor is installed at the connection point between the photovoltaic blade (31) and the generator to detect the photovoltaic output current of the photovoltaic blade (31) in real time. An alarm device is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the current sensor, and is used to issue an alarm signal when the temperature exceeds a first preset temperature and / or the current is lower than a first preset current.

10. A control method applied to the integrated wind-solar-storage power generation device (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The power generation device (100) has a first working mode, a second working mode and a third working mode, and the photovoltaic blade (31) has a first position, a second position and a third position. In the first working mode, the photovoltaic blade (31) rotates to the first position; in the second working mode, the photovoltaic blade (31) rotates to the second position. In the third operating mode, the photovoltaic blade (31) rotates to the third position; The control method includes: Real-time acquisition of ambient wind speed, light intensity and energy storage system (60) state of charge data; Based on the ambient wind speed and the light intensity, the current working mode of the power generation device (100) is determined and confirmed. Specifically, when the wind speed is greater than or equal to a first preset wind speed, the power generation device (100) enters the first working mode; when the wind speed is less than the first preset wind speed and the light intensity is greater than or equal to a first preset value, the power generation device (100) enters the second working mode; when the wind speed is less than a second preset wind speed, the second preset wind speed is less than the first preset wind speed, the light intensity is less than a second preset value, and the second preset value is less than the first preset value, the power generation device (100) enters the third working mode. Based on the state of charge of the energy storage system (60), the output power of the power generation device (100) or the system electrical load is adjusted; wherein, When the state of charge is greater than the preset upper limit threshold, if it is in grid-connected state, the excess power will be fed into the grid; if it is in off-grid state, the output power of the power generation device (100) will be reduced, and if the reduced output power still exceeds the current power load demand, the unloading device will be put into operation. When the state of charge is less than a preset lower threshold, and the ambient wind speed is less than the second preset wind speed and the light intensity is less than the second preset value, the non-critical power load is cut off.

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