Active tdd single antenna system, control method and device, electronic equipment and automobile

Abstract

The application relates to an active TDD single-antenna system, a control method and device, electronic equipment and a car, wherein the active TDD single-antenna system comprises an antenna end and a controller board end; the antenna end comprises an antenna unit, a first dielectric duplexer, a receiving link and a transmitting link second dielectric duplexer. According to the application, the receiving signal and the transmitting signal are physically isolated through the first dielectric duplexer, the second dielectric duplexer and the transceiver switch, so that the interference between the receiving signal and the transmitting signal can be greatly reduced, the noise of the transmitting signal and the receiving signal is reduced, and the technical problem that the terminal antenna system in the related art has serious self-interference can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts technology, specifically to an active TDD single antenna system, control method and device, electronic equipment, and automobile. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid deployment and large-scale networking of low-Earth orbit satellite constellations (such as Starlink, OneWeb, and the domestic "Qianfan constellation"), satellite communication terminals are rapidly evolving towards miniaturization, high integration, and low power consumption. At the same time, user terminals are increasingly demanding portability, plug-and-play functionality, and long battery life, posing a severe challenge to the coordinated design of RF front-end architecture, antenna systems, and power management.

[0003] In terms of frequency domain resources, the L-band, with its excellent atmospheric penetration, low rain attenuation loss, and mature industrial chain, has become the core operating frequency band for low-Earth orbit satellite mobile communication systems. Typical frequency planning is as follows: receiving band 1518–1525 MHz (downlink), transmitting band 1668–1675 MHz (uplink), with a transmit / receive interval of approximately 150 MHz, representing a typical frequency division duplex (FDD) or flexible duplex configuration.

[0004] However, terminal antenna systems operating in this frequency band still face the following prominent technical bottlenecks: severe TDD self-interference: in single-antenna TDD mode, the transmitted signal leaks to the receiving link, resulting in deterioration of receiving sensitivity and system instability. Conventional switching or filtering is difficult to achieve high isolation in miniaturized architectures.

[0005] Therefore, the terminal antenna system in the related technology suffers from severe self-interference. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide an active TDD single-antenna system, control method and apparatus, electronic device and automobile, so as to at least solve the technical problem of severe self-interference in terminal antenna systems in related technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an active TDD single antenna system is provided, including: an antenna end and a controller board end; the antenna end includes: an antenna element, a first medium duplexer, a receiving link, a transmitting link, and a second medium duplexer; the controller board end includes: a radio frequency integrated circuit and a transceiver switch; The first medium duplexer is connected to the antenna unit and is used to receive satellite signals from the antenna unit through the receive passband and transmit signals to the antenna unit through the transmit passband, wherein the receive passband corresponds to the receive frequency band and the transmit passband corresponds to the transmit frequency band; The first medium duplexer is also connected to the receiving link and the transmitting link respectively, for transmitting the satellite signal to the receiving link, and amplifying the satellite signal with low noise through the receiving link to obtain the received signal, and obtaining the transmitted signal after the low-power signal is amplified by the transmitting link; The receiving link and the transmitting link are also connected to the transceiver switch via a second medium duplexer. The transceiver switch is also connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit. The transceiver switch is used to open the transmitting path between itself and the radio frequency integrated circuit in the transmitting time slot and transmit the low-power signal from the radio frequency integrated circuit to the transmitting link. The transceiver switch is also used to open the receiving path between itself and the radio frequency integrated circuit in the receiving time slot and transmit the received signal from the receiving link to the radio frequency integrated circuit. The transmitting path is connected to the transmitting link, and the receiving path is connected to the receiving link.

[0008] Optionally, as in the aforementioned active TDD single antenna system, the controller board may further include a FAKRA connector; The FAKRA connector integrates an RF signal path and a power path, wherein the RF signal path includes a transmit path and a receive path, and the power path is used to supply power to the antenna.

[0009] Optionally, as in the aforementioned active TDD single antenna system, the antenna element is an L-band broadband microstrip antenna, which is printed on the surface of a multi-layer PCB and supports a 1518–1525 MHz receive band and a 1668–1675 MHz transmit band.

[0010] Alternatively, an active TDD single-antenna system as described above: The receiving link includes a low-noise amplifier and a surface acoustic wave filter cascaded in sequence. The low-noise amplifier is connected to the first dielectric duplexer, and the surface acoustic wave filter is also connected to the second dielectric duplexer. The transmission link includes a driver amplifier, a surface acoustic wave filter, and a cascaded power amplifier connected in sequence. The driver amplifier is also connected to the second dielectric duplexer, and the cascaded power amplifier is also connected to the first dielectric duplexer.

[0011] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a control method for an active TDD single-antenna system is provided, comprising: The current satellite signal is received in the current receiving time slot; Determine the signal power of the current satellite signal; Based on the signal power, the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link is determined, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals; The receiving link is controlled to operate according to the target gain.

[0012] Optionally, as described in the control method above, the method for determining the current receiving time slot includes: Determine the historical signal-to-noise ratio of the previous frame; Based on the ratio between the signal-to-noise ratio difference and the optimal signal-to-noise ratio, the duration percentage of the current receiving time slot in the total time slot period is determined, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio difference is the difference between the historical signal-to-noise ratio and the lowest signal-to-noise ratio threshold; The duration of the current receiving time slot is determined based on the total time slot period and the percentage of the total time slot period.

[0013] Optionally, as described in the control method above, the receiving of the current satellite signal: Determine the satellite orbit data of the target satellite, wherein the target satellite is the satellite that transmits the current satellite signal; The Doppler shift trend of the target satellite signal is predicted based on the satellite orbit data. The receiving frequency is determined according to the Doppler frequency shift trend; The current satellite signal is received at the stated receiving frequency.

[0014] Optionally, as described in the control method above, the method further includes: Determine the current temperature of the power amplifiers in the transmit link and the transmit duty cycle; The temperature difference between the current temperature and the standard temperature is determined, and a first voltage compensation value corresponding to the temperature difference is determined, wherein the first voltage compensation value is a negative value, and the larger the temperature difference, the larger the absolute value of the first voltage compensation value. A second voltage compensation value corresponding to the transmission duty cycle is determined, wherein the second voltage compensation value is a negative value, and the larger the transmission duty cycle, the larger the absolute value of the second voltage compensation value; The current operating voltage of the power amplifier is obtained by subtracting the difference between the first voltage compensation value and the second voltage compensation value from the standard voltage.

[0015] Optionally, as described in the control method above, receiving the current satellite signal includes: The raw satellite signal is acquired through the antenna unit; The original satellite signal is processed and transmitted through a first medium duplexer, a receiving link, a second medium duplexer, and a transceiver switch to obtain a specified satellite signal. The first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch are used to physically isolate the received satellite signal from the transmitted signal. Determine the self-interference cancellation signal corresponding to the transmitted signal; The current satellite signal is obtained by subtracting the self-interference cancellation signal from the specified satellite signal.

[0016] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a control device for an active TDD single-antenna system is provided, comprising: The receiving module is used to receive the current satellite signal in the current receiving time slot; A power determination module is used to determine the signal power of the current satellite signal; A gain determination module is used to determine the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link according to the signal power, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals; The control module is used to control the operation of the receiving link according to the target gain.

[0017] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus, characterized in that... The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is configured to execute the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments by running the computer program stored in the memory.

[0018] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, characterized in that the storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the methods described in any of the foregoing embodiments when run on a processor.

[0019] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a vehicle is provided, characterized in that: the vehicle is provided with an active TDD single antenna system as described in any of the foregoing embodiments and electronic devices as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0020] In this embodiment, the active TDD single antenna system includes: an antenna end and a controller board end; the antenna end includes: an antenna element, a first medium duplexer, a receiving link, a transmitting link, and a second medium duplexer; the controller board end includes: a radio frequency integrated circuit and a transceiver switch; the first medium duplexer is connected to the antenna element and is used to receive satellite signals from the antenna element through a receiving passband and transmit signals to the antenna element through a transmitting passband, wherein the receiving passband corresponds to the receiving frequency band and the transmitting passband corresponds to the transmitting frequency band; the first medium duplexer is also connected to the receiving link and the transmitting link respectively, and is used to transmit the satellite signals to the receiving link and transmit the satellite signals through the receiving link. The satellite signal is amplified with low noise to obtain the received signal, and the transmitted signal, amplified by the transmit link after low power signal amplification, is also acquired. The receive link and the transmit link are also connected to the transceiver switch via a second medium duplexer. The transceiver switch is also connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit (RF integrated circuit). The transceiver switch is used to open the transmit path between itself and the RF integrated circuit during the transmit time slot and transmit the low power signal from the RF integrated circuit to the transmit link. The transceiver switch is also used to open the receive path between itself and the RF integrated circuit during the receive time slot and transmit the received signal from the receive link to the RF integrated circuit. The transmit path is connected to the transmit link, and the receive path is connected to the receive link. Thus, the first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch can physically isolate the received and transmitted signals, greatly reducing interference between them and minimizing noise in both signals. This effectively solves the technical problem of severe self-interference in terminal antenna systems in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an active TDD single antenna system according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna end structure of an active TDD single antenna system according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for an active TDD single-antenna system according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a control device for an active TDD single antenna system according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an optional electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0024] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, to address the severe self-interference problem in existing terminal antenna systems, this application provides an active TDD single-antenna system, comprising: an antenna end and a controller board end; the antenna end includes: an antenna element (i.e., ANT), a first dielectric duplexer, a receiving link, a transmitting link, and a second dielectric duplexer; the controller board end includes: a radio frequency integrated circuit (i.e., Figure 1 (as shown in the RFIC) and transceiver switches; The first medium duplexer is connected to the antenna unit and is used to receive satellite signals from the antenna unit through the receive passband and transmit signals to the antenna unit through the transmit passband. The receive passband corresponds to the receive frequency band and the transmit passband corresponds to the transmit frequency band. The first dielectric duplexer is also connected to both the receiving link and the transmitting link, and is used to transmit satellite signals to the receiving link, and to amplify the satellite signals with low noise through the receiving link to obtain the received signal, and to acquire the transmitted signal after the low-power signal has been amplified by the transmitting link. In other words, the first dielectric duplexer is placed between the antenna and the RF link. Specifically, the first dielectric duplexer can be implemented using a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) process, with the receiving passband precisely corresponding to the receiving frequency band, and the transmitting passband precisely corresponding to the transmitting frequency band, achieving physical isolation between the transmitting and receiving signals, suppressing leakage of the transmitted signal to the receiving link, and providing a basis for solving the self-interference problem. The first dielectric duplexer is used to receive satellite signals from the antenna element through the receiving passband, and to transmit the transmitted signal to the antenna element through the transmitting passband, wherein the receiving passband corresponds to the 1518–1525 MHz receiving frequency band, and the transmitting passband corresponds to the 1668–1675 MHz transmitting frequency band. The receiving link and the transmitting link are also connected to the transceiver switch via a second medium duplexer. The transceiver switch is also connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit. The transceiver switch is used to open the transmitting path between the transmitting time slot and the radio frequency integrated circuit and transmit the low-power signal from the radio frequency integrated circuit to the transmitting link. The transceiver switch is also used to open the receiving path between the receiving time slot and the radio frequency integrated circuit and transmit the received signal from the receiving link to the radio frequency integrated circuit. The transmitting path is connected to the transmitting link, and the receiving path is connected to the receiving link.

[0026] Specifically, this RF integrated circuit can be a dedicated satellite communication chip supporting the L-band, which modulates / demodulates the baseband and RF signals, generates the TX transmit signal, and transmits it through the transmission path (i.e., Figure 1 The TX output shown is sent to the transmit / receive switch, and simultaneously transmitted through the receive path (i.e., Figure 1 The RX signal (shown) receives the RX signal and performs down-conversion processing to achieve signal conversion for bidirectional communication.

[0027] The transceiver switch can be a high-isolation RF switch with an isolation of ≥50 dB. It is controlled by TDD timing and conducts the TX path in the transmit time slot and the RX path in the receive time slot to achieve time division multiplexing of a single antenna. It works with a dielectric duplexer to form double isolation and solve the self-interference problem.

[0028] Furthermore, the antenna assembly can integrate a dielectric duplexer, LNA (low-noise amplifier), PA, and SAW (surface acoustic wave filter) using a multi-layer PCB. The antenna elements are printed on the PCB surface, achieving an integrated active antenna with overall dimensions controlled within a specified range. 85mm×45mm, suitable for installation scenarios such as vehicle-mounted and portable terminals. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna end.

[0029] In this embodiment, an active TDD single antenna system includes: an antenna end and a controller board end; the antenna end includes: an antenna element, a first dielectric duplexer, a receiving link, a transmitting link, and a second dielectric duplexer; the controller board end includes: a radio frequency integrated circuit and a transceiver switch; the first dielectric duplexer is connected to the antenna element and is used to receive satellite signals from the antenna element through the receiving passband and transmit signals to the antenna element through the transmitting passband, wherein the receiving passband corresponds to the receiving frequency band and the transmitting passband corresponds to the transmitting frequency band; the first dielectric duplexer is also connected to the receiving link and the transmitting link respectively, and is used to transmit satellite signals to the receiving link and transmit signals through the receiving link. The receiving link amplifies the satellite signal with low noise to obtain the received signal, and also acquires the transmitted signal amplified by the transmitting link from a low-power signal. The receiving link and the transmitting link are also connected to a transceiver switch via a second medium duplexer. The transceiver switch is also connected to an RF integrated circuit. The transceiver switch is used to open the transmit path between itself and the RF integrated circuit in the transmit time slot and transmit the low-power signal from the RF integrated circuit to the transmit link. The transceiver switch is also used to open the receive path between itself and the RF integrated circuit in the receive time slot and transmit the received signal from the receive link to the RF integrated circuit. The transmit path is connected to the transmitting link, and the receive path is connected to the receiving link. Thus, the first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch can physically isolate the received and transmitted signals, greatly reducing interference between them and minimizing noise in both signals. This effectively solves the technical problem of severe self-interference in terminal antenna systems in related technologies.

[0030] As an optional embodiment, such as the aforementioned active TDD single antenna system, the controller board also includes: a FAKRA connector; FAKRA connectors integrate RF signal paths and power paths. The RF signal paths include a transmit path and a receive path, while the power path is used to power the antenna.

[0031] Specifically, the FAKRA connector connects to the transceiver switch, the RF integrated circuit, and the antenna, respectively, to achieve an integrated connection between the controller board and the antenna. Specifically, the FAKRA connector transmits low-power signals from the transceiver switch to the transmit link of the antenna via the transmit path; the FAKRA connector also transmits received signals from the receive link of the antenna to the transceiver switch via the receive path; the RF insertion loss of the FAKRA connector is ≤0.3 dB; the FAKRA connector is also compatible with automotive electronic device interface specifications.

[0032] FAKRA connectors enable integrated transmission of RF signals and power, avoiding the use of multiple independent cables, simplifying the interconnection design between the antenna end and the controller board end, and facilitating engineering deployment and maintenance; FAKRA connectors have an RF insertion loss of ≤0.3dB, effectively reducing additional loss of RF signals in the transmission path, ensuring receiving sensitivity and transmitting efficiency; FAKRA connectors are compatible with automotive electronic equipment interface specifications, facilitating direct integration in automotive satellite communication terminals and reducing system integration difficulty.

[0033] As an optional embodiment, such as the aforementioned active TDD single-antenna system, the antenna element is an L-band broadband microstrip antenna, printed on the surface of a multi-layer PCB, supporting a 1518–1525 MHz receive band and a 1668–1675 MHz transmit band. This antenna element is used to achieve single-antenna transmission and reception in TDD mode, replacing the traditional dual-antenna structure. The antenna element significantly reduces the terminal size by replacing the traditional dual-antenna solution with a single-antenna structure; the antenna element is printed on the surface of a multi-layer PCB, eliminating the need for an independent antenna bracket or additional assembly processes, thus reducing manufacturing costs; the antenna element supports the L-band transmit and receive bands, matching the frequency band planning of low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, and meeting the bidirectional communication requirements of uplink transmission and downlink reception.

[0034] As an alternative embodiment, such as the aforementioned active TDD single-antenna system: The receive link includes low-noise amplifiers cascaded in sequence (i.e., Figure 1 The LNA shown) and surface acoustic wave filter (i.e., Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, a low-noise amplifier is connected to a first dielectric duplexer, and a surface acoustic wave filter is also connected to a second dielectric duplexer. One end of the low-noise amplifier is connected to the first dielectric duplexer, and the other end is connected to the surface acoustic wave filter. The low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the satellite signal from the first dielectric duplexer with low noise. The noise figure of the low-noise amplifier is ≤2 dB, and the gain is ≥22 dB. One end of the surface acoustic wave filter is connected to the low-noise amplifier, and the other end is connected to the second dielectric duplexer. The surface acoustic wave filter is used to filter the satellite signal amplified by the low-noise amplifier to obtain the received signal, and then transmit the received signal to the second dielectric duplexer.

[0035] The total gain of the receive link can be calculated as follows: The total gain of the receive link is defined as the overall amplification capability of the signal entering from the antenna port, passing through the active circuit at the antenna end, the FAKRA connector, the RF path at the controller board end, and finally reaching the RFIC module interface. It excludes the antenna's own gain (≥-4dBi) and only represents the circuit link gain. The calculation method is shown in the following formula:

[0036] The meanings and classifications of the symbols in the formula are shown in Table 1 below:

[0037] Table 1 The transmit link includes drive amplifiers connected in sequence (i.e., Figure 1 The DA and surface acoustic wave filters shown are shown. Figure 1 The SAW (shown) and cascaded power amplifiers (i.e., Figure 1 The PA shown is a driver amplifier connected to a second dielectric duplexer, and a cascaded power amplifier connected to a first dielectric duplexer. The transmit link includes a driver amplifier, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, and a cascaded power amplifier, cascaded sequentially. One end of the driver amplifier is connected to the second dielectric duplexer, and the other end is connected to the SAW filter. The driver amplifier amplifies the low-power signal from the second dielectric duplexer. One end of the SAW filter is connected to the driver amplifier, and the other end is connected to the cascaded power amplifier. The SAW filter filters the low-power signal amplified by the driver amplifier. One end of the cascaded power amplifier is connected to the SAW filter, and the other end is connected to the first dielectric duplexer. The cascaded power amplifier amplifies the low-power signal filtered by the SAW filter to obtain the transmit signal, and transmits the transmit signal to the first dielectric duplexer. The cascaded power amplifier consists of 2-3 stages, with a total gain ≥37 dB and an output power ≥36 dBm after 2 stages of cascading.

[0038] Transmit link total gain calculation: The transmit link total gain is defined as the overall amplification capability of the transmitted signal after passing through the module interface (RFIC output), the controller board, the FAKRA connector, and the antenna, finally reaching the antenna port. It excludes the antenna's own gain (≥-4dBi) and only considers the circuit link gain. The calculation method is as follows:

[0039] The meanings and classifications of the symbols in the formula are shown in Table 2 below:

[0040] Table 2 The receiving link employs a cascaded low-noise amplifier and a surface acoustic wave filter, with a noise figure ≤2dB and a gain ≥22dB, effectively improving receiving sensitivity and ensuring reliable acquisition of weak signals from low-Earth orbit satellites. The transmitting link employs a cascaded drive amplifier, a surface acoustic wave filter, and a cascaded power amplifier, with a total gain ≥37dB and an output power ≥36dBm, meeting the transmit power budget requirements of low-Earth orbit satellite communication links. The receiving link and the transmitting link achieve dual isolation of transmit and receive signals through a first medium duplexer and a second medium duplexer, respectively, preventing high-power transmitted signals from flowing back into the receiving link.

[0041] Further optionally, a low-dropout linear regulator (i.e., LDO) may be included. This LDO can be a low-noise, high-PSRR linear regulator that receives a 3.8V power input and a PWR_EN enable signal to provide a stable, low-noise 3.3V / 500mA DC power supply to the active circuits at the antenna end (LNA, PA, DA, etc.), thereby achieving fine power management and reducing system power consumption.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, according to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a control method for an active TDD single-antenna system is provided, comprising the following steps: Step S302: Receive the current satellite signal in the current receiving time slot.

[0043] Specifically, within the current receiving time slot of the current TDD frame structure, the antenna unit receives the current satellite signal from the low-Earth orbit satellite. This current satellite signal enters the receiving link through the receiving passband of the first medium duplexer and is ultimately acquired by the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC).

[0044] Step S304: Determine the signal power of the current satellite signal.

[0045] Specifically, the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) in the receive link has a built-in power detector that detects the strength of the current satellite signal in real time within the current receive time slot to obtain the received signal power in the nth time slot (i.e., the current receive time slot). (That is, the signal power of the current satellite signal), in dBm.

[0046] Step S306: Determine the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link according to the signal power, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals.

[0047] Specifically, the receiving link is the link in the antenna end used to receive satellite signals, including a low-noise amplifier (LNA) and a surface acoustic wave filter (SAW) cascaded in sequence; determine the target gain. The steps include: obtaining the maximum gain of the low-noise amplifier. Obtain reference sensitivity Optional, this reference sensitivity The value is -130 dBm; obtain the gain adjustment coefficient k, which ranges from 0.5 to 1.0; based on the received signal power in the nth time slot. Maximum gain Reference sensitivity The target gain of the low-noise amplifier is calculated using the following gain control formula, along with the gain adjustment coefficient k. : ; Step S308: Control the operation of the receiving link according to the target gain.

[0048] Specifically, this can be achieved by calculating the target gain. The gain control word of the low-noise amplifier is converted into a gain control word and written to the gain control register of the low-noise amplifier through the control interface to adjust the gain level of the low-noise amplifier. Optionally, the gain control rules are as follows: when When < -110 dBm: Set the gain of the low-noise amplifier to This allows the receiving link to operate at full gain, at which point the low-noise amplifier amplifies the satellite signal at its maximum gain with low noise to improve the ability to acquire weak signals. when When ≥ -110 dBm: the target gain calculated according to the gain control formula Automatically reduce the gain of the low-noise amplifier; at this point, the gain of the low-noise amplifier is lower than... This is to prevent saturation distortion in the receiving link due to strong signal input.

[0049] In this embodiment, the LNA gain is adjusted in real time using a closed loop based on the received signal strength, balancing the receiving sensitivity under weak signals with the anti-blocking capability under strong signals. When the signal power is below -110dBm, the LNA maintains full gain to ensure that extremely weak satellite signals can be effectively captured, thus improving receiving sensitivity. When the signal power is above -110dBm, the LNA gain is automatically reduced to prevent the receiving link from saturating and distorting due to strong signals, ensuring demodulation quality. Through closed-loop adjustment, the received signal amplitude always falls within the optimal dynamic range of the subsequent circuits, improving the system's stability in dynamic environments.

[0050] As an optional embodiment, the control method described above can be used to determine the current receiving time slot through the following steps: Determine the historical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the previous frame. Specifically, in the current TDD frame structure, the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) estimates the SNR of the received signal in the receiving time slot of the previous frame (i.e., the nth frame) to obtain the historical SNR(n) of the nth frame, in dB. Optionally, the SNR estimation can be achieved by at least one of the following methods: SNR estimation based on the pilot symbols or reference signals of the received signal; or calculation based on the ratio of the signal power to the noise power of the received signal.

[0051] Based on the ratio between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) difference and the optimal SNR value, the duration percentage of the current receiving time slot in the total time slot period is determined. Here, the SNR difference is the difference between the historical SNR and the minimum SNR threshold. th The difference between them, i.e., SNR(n) - SNR th The optimal signal-to-noise ratio is SNR. max , representing the maximum signal-to-noise ratio achievable by the system under optimal channel conditions. The receive slot percentage α(n+1) of the current frame (the (n+1)th frame) is calculated using the following formula: ； Among them, the total time slot period T slot T is a fixed value representing the total duration of a frame. rx (n+1) represents the length of the receive time slot in the (n+1)th frame; σ(·) is the Sigmoid smoothing function, used to map the input value to the interval between 0 and 1, achieving a smooth transition in the ratio of transmit and receive time slots and preventing system oscillations caused by sudden changes in the ratio; θ is an adjustment factor used to control the sensitivity of the receive time slot ratio to changes in the signal-to-noise ratio; SNR th To maintain a minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold for communication, the system cannot guarantee reliable communication below this threshold; SNR max The maximum signal-to-noise ratio is used to normalize the signal-to-noise ratio difference; furthermore, the receiving time slot ratio α(n+1) ranges from 0 to 1, where α=1 indicates that the current frame is entirely used for receiving, and α=0 indicates that the current frame is entirely used for transmitting.

[0052] The duration of the current receiving time slot is determined based on the total time slot period and its proportion. The receiving time slot proportion α(n+1) calculated in the preceding steps is then combined with the total time slot period T. slot Calculate the reception slot duration of the (n+1)th frame: T rx (n+1) = α(n+1) × T slot Furthermore, the transmission time slot duration of the (n+1)th frame can also be determined: T tx (n+1) = T slot - T rx (n+1); where T tx (n+1) represents the transmission time slot length of the (n+1)th frame.

[0053] In this embodiment, the ratio of transmit and receive time slots is dynamically adjusted based on real-time link quality. When signal quality is good, transmit time slots are increased to maximize throughput, and receive time slots are increased when signal quality is poor to ensure signaling reception reliability. A sigmoid smoothing function is used to achieve a continuous and smooth transition of the time slot ratio, preventing system performance oscillations caused by sudden time slot changes. By adaptively adjusting the adjustment factor θ, the time slot allocation strategy can be dynamically adapted according to the satellite elevation angle, taking into account both rate priority at high elevation angles and reliability priority at low elevation angles. Predictive allocation (the current frame SNR predicts the allocation of the next frame) is adopted, allowing sufficient time for hardware configuration switching, which can effectively avoid time slot boundary conflicts.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, the control method described above can be used to receive the current satellite signal through the following method: The satellite orbit data of the target satellite is determined, where the target satellite is the satellite transmitting the current satellite signal. The satellite orbit data includes the ephemeris parameters of the low-Earth orbit satellite, which may include the satellite's position information, velocity information, orbital inclination, right ascension of the ascending node, argument of perigee, mean perigee, and orbital perturbation correction parameters. Optionally, the satellite orbit data is acquired through at least one of the following methods: decoding from received satellite broadcast ephemeris; querying from ephemeris data pre-stored locally on the terminal; or acquiring from a ground server via a network-assisted method.

[0055] The Doppler frequency shift trend of the target satellite signal is predicted based on satellite orbit data. Specifically, the radial velocity v(t) of the target satellite relative to the terminal can be calculated based on the satellite orbit data and the current position of the terminal; based on the radial velocity v(t), the Doppler frequency shift ω of the satellite signal is predicted using the following Doppler frequency shift calculation formula. duplexer (t): ω duplexer (t) = fc · v(t) / c; where fc is the nominal carrier frequency of the satellite signal (1518–1525MHz for L-band downlink), and c is the speed of light; further, the predicted Doppler frequency shift ω duplexer The rate of change of (t) over time is used as the Doppler frequency shift trend, which represents the rate and direction of change of satellite signal frequency over time.

[0056] Furthermore, the optimization of Doppler frequency shift prediction based on Kalman filtering can be achieved in the following way: We can first construct the state vector X k ; State vector X k It can include carrier frequency offset ω k and phase θ k In other words, X k This can be specifically expressed as: Xk = [ω k , θ k ]^T Where, ω k θ represents the carrier frequency offset at time k. k This represents the carrier phase at time k.

[0057] Then, the state transition equation (prediction step) can be established: the theoretical Doppler shift ω_duplexer at the current moment is calculated based on the satellite orbit data (ephemeris); the Kalman filter uses the posterior state estimate of the previous moment k-1. Predict the prior state prediction value at time k. Specifically, the prediction step is performed through the following state transition equation: Where Φ is the state transition matrix, used to describe the changes in carrier frequency offset and phase over time based on satellite orbit data; Γ k-1 W is the process noise driving matrix, used to map process noise to the state vector. k-1 The process noise represents the uncertainty introduced by orbit prediction errors and satellite clock drift. This state transition matrix Φ is updated in real time based on the ephemeris data of the low-Earth orbit satellite to adapt to the Doppler shift rate of the low-Earth orbit satellite at different orbital positions.

[0058] Next, the local oscillator direction is controlled in advance to predict the frequency; based on the predicted state value obtained in the prediction step at the current moment... frequency components By controlling the local oscillator (LO) or digitally controlled oscillator (NCO) to point to the predicted frequency in advance, the initial acquisition range of the demodulator can be significantly reduced from ±100kHz to ±5kHz, achieving second-level acquisition.

[0059] Perform a Kalman filter measurement update step; measure the actual carrier frequency offset and phase using pilot symbols or reference signals in the received signal to obtain the observed value Z. k The prediction results are then updated using the following observation equation: ; Where H is the observation matrix, used to map the state vector to the observation space; V k To observe noise, the state estimate at the current time is obtained through measurement update steps. .

[0060] Simultaneously, narrowband filtering and interference suppression are also performed; the Kalman filter is essentially an adaptive optimal filter, and its bandwidth is determined by the Kalman gain K. k Decision; when sudden narrowband interference or impulse noise occurs, predict the residual (i.e., the observed value Z). k Compared with the predicted value The difference between them is too large, Kalman gain K k Automatic reduction means the system chooses to trust model predictions more than observations, thereby smoothing out sudden interference and preventing demodulation loop lockout; through narrowband filtering effect and adaptive gain adjustment, it achieves effective suppression of sudden narrowband interference and impulse noise.

[0061] The Kalman filter operates continuously across time slots in TDD mode: During the transmit time slot: the receive path is disconnected, and there is no satellite signal available for measurement. The Kalman filter only performs the prediction step, continuously calculating the drift trend of the received frequency under the Doppler effect based on satellite orbit data; During the guard interval (GP) or idle time slot: the Kalman filter algorithm continues to run, continuously predicting the channel state of the next receive time slot based on the state estimate of the previous frame; Before the arrival of the current receive time slot: the Kalman filter completes the frequency preset of the local oscillator or digitally controlled oscillator in advance, so that the demodulator is already aligned with the current frequency when the receive time slot begins, without the need for additional frequency search time; through continuous prediction across time slots, frequency tracking is ensured to be uninterrupted during non-receive periods, and fast reacquisition is achieved when the receive time slot recovers.

[0062] The receiving frequency is determined based on the Doppler frequency shift trend. Specifically, the method described below can be used to determine the receiving frequency based on the predicted Doppler frequency shift ω. duplexer (t) and the nominal carrier frequency f of the satellite signal c Determine the receiving frequency f at the current moment. rx (t): f rx (t) = f c + ω duplexer (t); that is, when the target satellite moves toward the terminal, the receiving frequency f rx (t) is higher than the nominal carrier frequency f c When the target satellite moves away from the terminal, the receiving frequency f rx (t) is lower than the nominal carrier frequency f c .

[0063] The current satellite signal is received according to the receiving frequency. After determining the receiving frequency, the current satellite signal can be acquired and received according to that frequency.

[0064] As an optional embodiment, the control method described above further includes: Determine the current temperature and transmit duty cycle of the power amplifier in the transmit link. Specifically, the current temperature of the power amplifier can be obtained through at least one of the following methods: real-time reading of the junction temperature using a temperature sensor integrated inside the power amplifier chip; calculation of the junction temperature using the power amplifier's case temperature and thermal resistance parameters; estimation of the junction temperature using the power amplifier's power dissipation and heat dissipation conditions. Transmit duty cycle This indicates that within the current time window, the total duration of the transmission time slot accounts for a portion of the total time slot period T. slot The proportion.

[0065] Determine the temperature difference between the current temperature and the standard temperature, and determine the corresponding first voltage compensation value. The first voltage compensation value is negative, and the larger the temperature difference, the larger the absolute value of the first voltage compensation value. Specifically, the standard temperature T... norm The junction temperature at which the power amplifier achieves optimal efficiency is a preset fixed value (e.g., the junction temperature corresponding to room temperature of 25℃); the temperature difference ΔT = T PA (t) - T norm This represents the deviation of the current temperature from the standard temperature, in °C; based on the temperature difference ΔT, the first voltage compensation value ΔVT is determined as follows: ΔVT = Where γ is the temperature compensation coefficient, representing the amount of voltage compensation required for every 1°C increase in temperature, in units of V / °C, and γ is a positive preset constant; the first voltage compensation value ΔVT is negative, and the larger the temperature difference, the larger the absolute value of the first voltage compensation value, that is, the higher the temperature, the greater the negative voltage compensation.

[0066] A second voltage compensation value corresponding to the transmit duty cycle is determined, wherein the second voltage compensation value is negative, and the larger the transmit duty cycle, the larger the absolute value of the second voltage compensation value. Based on the transmit duty cycle D... tx (t), the second voltage compensation value ΔVD is determined as follows: ΔVD = -δ ·D tx (t); where δ is the duty cycle compensation coefficient, representing the amount of voltage compensation required for every 1% increase in the transmit duty cycle, in units of V, and δ is a positive preset constant; the second voltage compensation value ΔVD is negative, and the larger the transmit duty cycle, the larger the absolute value of the second voltage compensation value, that is, the higher the transmit ratio, the greater the voltage compensation in the negative direction.

[0067] The current operating voltage of the power amplifier is obtained by subtracting the first voltage compensation value and the second voltage compensation value from the standard voltage. Once the first and second voltage compensation values ​​are determined, the current operating voltage of the power amplifier can be obtained by subtracting the first and second voltage compensation values ​​from the standard voltage. : .

[0068] In this embodiment, the dynamic voltage formula is used. It can achieve real-time dynamic adjustment of the power amplifier's supply voltage according to the junction temperature and emitter duty cycle, taking into account the global optimization of power consumption, efficiency and lifespan.

[0069] As an optional embodiment, the control method described above, receiving the current satellite signal includes: The antenna unit acquires the raw satellite signal. Specifically, within the current receiving time slot, the antenna unit receives the raw satellite signal from the low-Earth orbit satellite. The raw satellite signal is a radio frequency electrical signal converted from space electromagnetic waves by the antenna unit, and its frequency band is the 1518–1525 MHz receiving band. The raw satellite signal may contain transmitted signal components that have been leaked from the transmission link. These transmitted signal components are residual transmitted signals that were transmitted by the antenna unit in previous transmission time slots or that entered the receiving path through antenna reflection / space coupling.

[0070] The original satellite signal is processed and transmitted through a first medium duplexer, a receiving link, a second medium duplexer, and a transceiver switch to obtain the specified satellite signal. The first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch are used to physically isolate the received satellite signal from the transmitted signal. In other words, the original satellite signal is processed and transmitted sequentially through the following paths: The first level of isolation, namely the first medium duplexer: The first medium duplexer is connected to the antenna unit, receives the original satellite signal through its receiving passband, and performs the first physical isolation on the transmitted signal, suppressing the components of the transmitted signal that fall into the receiving frequency band, providing an isolation of ≥30 dB; the first medium duplexer transmits the satellite signal after the first level of isolation to the receiving link.

[0071] Receive link processing: The low-noise amplifier in the receive link amplifies the satellite signal isolated by the first medium duplexer with low noise. The surface acoustic wave filter in the receive link filters the amplified satellite signal to remove out-of-band interference, and obtains the amplified and filtered satellite signal, which is then transmitted to the second medium duplexer.

[0072] The second level of isolation, namely the second medium duplexer: The second medium duplexer receives satellite signals from the receiving link and performs a second physical isolation on any residual transmitted signals that may intrude into the receiving path, further suppressing the leakage components of the transmitted signals and providing an isolation of ≥20 dB; the second medium duplexer transmits the satellite signals after the second level of isolation to the transceiver switch.

[0073] The third level of isolation, namely the transceiver switch: the transceiver switch conducts the receiving path during the current receiving time slot, transmitting the satellite signal from the second medium duplexer to the RF integrated circuit through the receiving path. The transceiver switch is in a disconnected state from the transmitting path during the receiving time slot, providing an isolation of ≥20 dB.

[0074] After processing and transmission by the first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch, the designated satellite signal is obtained. The first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch are used together to physically isolate the received satellite signal from the transmitted signal. The isolation level of the three levels of physical isolation is ≥50 dB (i.e., first medium duplexer ≥30 dB + second medium duplexer part + transceiver switch ≥20 dB, overall physical isolation ≥50 dB).

[0075] Determine the self-interference cancellation signal corresponding to the transmitted signal. Specifically, the RF integrated circuit or baseband processor can acquire the baseband data of the transmitted signal, and in order to cancel interference, it can reconstruct the interference copy of the transmitted signal that arrives at the receiving path after antenna reflection and spatial coupling based on the baseband data, thus obtaining the self-interference cancellation signal S. IC (t); Specifically, the self-interference cancellation signal is determined in the following way: S IC (t) = S TX (t) * h(t); Among them, S TX h(t) represents the baseband waveform of the transmitted signal, and h(t) represents the equivalent channel impulse response of the transmitted signal coupled from the transmit link to the receive link. The equivalent channel impulse response includes the coupling paths of the first dielectric duplexer, the second dielectric duplexer, and the transmit / receive switch, as well as the spatial reflection and near-end scattering coupling paths of the antenna element. Preferably, the equivalent channel impulse response h(t) can be pre-measured and stored by the system through factory calibration before leaving the factory. More preferably, the equivalent channel impulse response h(t) can also be updated in real time through adaptive estimation during terminal use to adapt to changes in the antenna's near-field environment (such as vehicle mounting location, human body obstruction, etc.).

[0076] The current satellite signal is obtained by subtracting the self-interference cancellation signal from the specified satellite signal. After obtaining the specified satellite signal and subtracting the self-interference cancellation signal, the self-interference cancellation signal can be subtracted from the specified satellite signal to obtain the current satellite signal with reduced interference.

[0077] This embodiment employs a triple isolation architecture consisting of a first medium duplexer (≥30dB), a transmit / receive switch (≥20dB), and self-interference cancellation (≥25dB). The total equivalent isolation of the system is ≥75dB, reducing the leakage power of the transmitted signal from the watt level (approximately +30dBm) to the nanowatt level (approximately -45dBm). This completely solves the self-interference problem of TDD single-antenna systems, enabling signal reception to immediately resume normal reception of weak satellite signals after the transmission time slot ends, without needing to wait for interference to dissipate. The self-interference cancellation signal is generated in real-time based on the transmitted baseband data and the equivalent coupled channel response, adapting to changes in leakage signal under different transmission powers and modulation schemes, and possessing dynamic tracking capability. This improves the interference cancellation effect.

[0078] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a car is provided, characterized in that: the car is provided with an active TDD single antenna system as described in any of the foregoing embodiments and electronic devices as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0079] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0080] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM (Read-Only Memory) / RAM (Random Access Memory), magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0081] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a control device for an active TDD single antenna system for implementing the control method of the above-described active TDD single antenna system is also provided. Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a control device for an optional active TDD single-antenna system according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device may include: Receiver module 41 is used to receive the current satellite signal in the current receiving time slot; Power determination module 42 is used to determine the signal power of the current satellite signal; The gain determination module 43 is used to determine the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link according to the signal power, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals; Control module 44 is used to control the operation of the receiving link according to the target gain.

[0082] It should be noted that the receiving module 41 in this embodiment can be used to perform the above step S302, the power determination module 42 in this embodiment can be used to perform the above step S304, the gain determination module 43 in this embodiment can be used to perform the above step S306, and the control module 44 in this embodiment can be used to perform the above step S308.

[0083] In addition to the modules described above, the apparatus in this embodiment may also include modules that execute any method in any of the embodiments of the control method for any of the aforementioned active TDD single antenna systems.

[0084] It should be noted that the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiments. It should also be noted that the above modules, as part of a device, can operate in environments such as... Figure 1 The hardware environment shown can be implemented through software or hardware, and the hardware environment includes the network environment.

[0085] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device for implementing the control method of the above-described active TDD single antenna system is also provided. The electronic device may be a server, a terminal, or a combination thereof.

[0086] According to another embodiment of this application, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 1501, a communication interface 1502, a memory 1503, and a communication bus 1504, wherein the processor 1501, the communication interface 1502, and the memory 1503 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1504.

[0087] Memory 1503 is used to store computer programs; When processor 1501 executes the program stored in memory 1503, it performs the following steps: Step S302: Receive the current satellite signal in the current receiving time slot.

[0088] Step S304: Determine the signal power of the current satellite signal.

[0089] Step S306: Determine the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link according to the signal power, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals.

[0090] Step S308: Control the operation of the receiving link according to the target gain.

[0091] Optionally, in this embodiment, the communication bus can be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the figure, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic device and other devices.

[0092] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0093] As an example, the memory 1503 described above may include, but is not limited to, the receiving module 41, power determination module 42, gain determination module 43, and control module 44 from the control device of the active TDD single antenna system described above. Furthermore, it may include, but is not limited to, other module units from the control device of the active TDD single antenna system described above, which will not be elaborated upon in this example.

[0094] The processor mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, including but not limited to: CPU (Central Processing Unit), NP (Network Processor), etc.; it can also be DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0095] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein the program executes the method steps of the above method embodiments when it runs.

[0096] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, ROMs, RAMs, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0097] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0098] If the integrated units in the above embodiments are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause one or more computer devices (which may be personal computers, servers, or network devices, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0099] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0100] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed client can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules, and may be electrical or other forms.

[0101] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution provided in this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0102] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0103] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0104] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0105] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An active TDD single-antenna system, characterized in that, include: Antenna end and controller board end; The antenna end includes: an antenna element, a first medium duplexer, a receiving link, a transmitting link, and a second medium duplexer; the controller board end includes: a radio frequency integrated circuit and a transceiver switch; The first medium duplexer is connected to the antenna unit and is used to receive satellite signals from the antenna unit through the receive passband and transmit signals to the antenna unit through the transmit passband, wherein the receive passband corresponds to the receive frequency band and the transmit passband corresponds to the transmit frequency band; The first medium duplexer is also connected to the receiving link and the transmitting link respectively, for transmitting the satellite signal to the receiving link, and amplifying the satellite signal with low noise through the receiving link to obtain the received signal, and obtaining the transmitted signal after the low-power signal is amplified by the transmitting link; The receiving link and the transmitting link are also connected to the transceiver switch via the second medium duplexer. The transceiver switch is also connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit. The transceiver switch is used to open the transmitting path with the radio frequency integrated circuit in the transmitting time slot and transmit the low-power signal from the radio frequency integrated circuit to the transmitting link. The transceiver switch is also used to open the receiving path with the radio frequency integrated circuit in the receiving time slot and transmit the received signal from the receiving link to the radio frequency integrated circuit. The transmitting path is connected to the transmitting link, and the receiving path is connected to the receiving link.

2. The active TDD single-antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller board also includes: a FAKRA connector; The FAKRA connector integrates an RF signal path and a power path, wherein the RF signal path includes a transmit path and a receive path, and the power path is used to supply power to the antenna.

3. The active TDD single-antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna unit is an L-band broadband microstrip antenna, printed on the surface of a multi-layer PCB, supporting a 1518–1525 MHz receive band and a 1668–1675 MHz transmit band.

4. The active TDD single-antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving link includes a low-noise amplifier and a surface acoustic wave filter cascaded in sequence. The low-noise amplifier is connected to the first dielectric duplexer, and the surface acoustic wave filter is also connected to the second dielectric duplexer. The transmission link includes a driver amplifier, a surface acoustic wave filter, and a cascaded power amplifier connected in sequence. The driver amplifier is also connected to the second dielectric duplexer, and the cascaded power amplifier is also connected to the first dielectric duplexer.

5. A control method for an active TDD single-antenna system, characterized in that, Applied to the active TDD single-antenna system as described in claim 1, comprising: The current satellite signal is received in the current receiving time slot; Determine the signal power of the current satellite signal; Based on the signal power, the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link is determined, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals; The receiving link is controlled to operate according to the target gain.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for determining the current receiving time slot includes: Determine the historical signal-to-noise ratio of the previous frame; Based on the ratio between the signal-to-noise ratio difference and the optimal signal-to-noise ratio, the duration proportion of the current receiving time slot in the total time slot period is determined, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio difference is the difference between the historical signal-to-noise ratio and the lowest signal-to-noise ratio threshold; The duration of the current receiving time slot is determined based on the total time slot period and the percentage of the total time slot period.

7. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The received current satellite signal: Determine the satellite orbit data of the target satellite, wherein the target satellite is the satellite that transmits the current satellite signal; The Doppler shift trend of the target satellite signal is predicted based on the satellite orbit data. The receiving frequency is determined according to the Doppler frequency shift trend; The current satellite signal is received at the stated receiving frequency.

8. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the current temperature of the power amplifiers in the transmit link and the transmit duty cycle; The temperature difference between the current temperature and the standard temperature is determined, and a first voltage compensation value corresponding to the temperature difference is determined, wherein the first voltage compensation value is a negative value, and the larger the temperature difference, the larger the absolute value of the first voltage compensation value. A second voltage compensation value corresponding to the transmission duty cycle is determined, wherein the second voltage compensation value is a negative value, and the larger the transmission duty cycle, the larger the absolute value of the second voltage compensation value; The current operating voltage of the power amplifier is obtained by subtracting the difference between the first voltage compensation value and the second voltage compensation value from the standard voltage.

9. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The received current satellite signal includes: The raw satellite signal is acquired through the antenna unit; The original satellite signal is processed and transmitted through a first medium duplexer, a receiving link, a second medium duplexer, and a transceiver switch to obtain a specified satellite signal. The first medium duplexer, the second medium duplexer, and the transceiver switch are used to physically isolate the received satellite signal from the transmitted signal. Determine the self-interference cancellation signal corresponding to the transmitted signal; The current satellite signal is obtained by subtracting the self-interference cancellation signal from the specified satellite signal.

10. A control device for an active TDD single-antenna system, characterized in that, Applied to the active TDD single-antenna system as described in claim 1, comprising: The receiving module is used to receive the current satellite signal in the current receiving time slot; A power determination module is used to determine the signal power of the current satellite signal; A gain determination module is used to determine the target gain of the low-noise amplifier in the receiving link according to the signal power, wherein the receiving link is the link in the antenna unit used to receive satellite signals; The control module is used to control the operation of the receiving link according to the target gain.

11. An electronic device comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein, The processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, characterized in that... The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is configured to perform the method of any one of claims 5 to 9 by running the computer program stored in the memory.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the method described in any one of claims 5 to 9 when run on a processor.

13. An automobile, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with an active TDD single antenna system as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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