An alignment calibration method and system based on micro LED array and photodetector array

Abstract

The application provides a Micro LED array and photodetector array-based alignment calibration method and system, which is based on mutually connected light emitting modules and light receiving modules, the light emitting modules are provided with a Micro LED array, the light receiving modules are provided with a photodetector array, and the steps of the method include: activating light emitting units in the Micro LED array one by one, and determining the alignment of each light emitting unit; in the step of determining the alignment of each light emitting unit, the light emitting unit to be determined is activated, and the gain of each photodetector of the photodetector array corresponding to the photodetector is initialized to a preset minimum gain value; the gain of each photodetector corresponding to the photodetector is gradually increased, and the receiving response of each photodetector is monitored in real time, and the photodetector corresponding to the light emitting unit to be determined is determined based on the receiving response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical interconnect technology, and in particular to an alignment and calibration method and system based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed optical interconnect systems typically include optical transmitters, such as... Figure 5 The diagram shows the fiber optic transmission structure and optical receiver. The optical transmitter can employ a Micro LED array, VCSEL array, or other independently addressable light-emitting unit arrays, while the optical receiver can employ a photodetector array, transimpedance amplifier array, and digital decision circuitry to read out and recover the received signal. As the number of parallel channels and communication rates increase, the spatial alignment accuracy between the transmitter and receiver has a more significant impact on link reliability.

[0003] In traditional point-to-point optical interconnect solutions, a single transmitting unit typically needs to maintain a strict correspondence with a single receiving detector. Even a slight misalignment between the fiber endface, transmitting unit, microlens, and receiving detector can significantly reduce the received optical power, leading to increased bit error rate, crosstalk between adjacent channels, or channel failure. Such solutions usually require precision mechanical adjustment devices, active optical alignment equipment, or complex packaging processes to achieve micron-level positioning, placing high demands on mass production and field maintenance.

[0004] For optical interconnect systems composed of Micro LED arrays and photodetector arrays, if the alignment approach of one transmitter unit corresponding to one receiver detector is still used, the factory calibration results cannot continuously meet the requirements of high-speed communication during the operation phase.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an alignment and calibration method and system based on Micro LED arrays and photodetector arrays. This solution does not only perform open-loop optical power adjustment at the transmitting end, but also uses the actual signal quality at the receiving end as the feedback quantity to form cross-module negative feedback on the communication feedback link, so that the solution is constructed as a processing logic including receiving end monitoring, feedback data generation, transmitting end compensation calculation, and parameter adjustment of both ends.

[0007] This invention provides an alignment and calibration method based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array. The method is based on an interconnected light emitting module and a light receiving module. The light emitting module is equipped with a Micro LED array, and the light receiving module is equipped with a photodetector array. The steps of the method include: Activate the light-emitting units in the Micro LED array one by one, and perform alignment determination for each light-emitting unit; In the step of aligning each of the light-emitting units, the light-emitting unit to be aligned is activated, and the gain of each photodetector in the photodetector array is simultaneously initialized to a preset minimum gain value. The gain of each photodetector is gradually increased, and the receiving response of each photodetector is monitored in real time. Based on the receiving response, the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be judged is determined.

[0008] By adopting the above scheme, the beam coverage difference caused by fiber offset is converted into a critical gain difference that can be read by electronic circuits. This allows the calibration process to be completed using Micro LED arrays, photodetector arrays, transimpedance amplifiers, and digital processing units, reducing reliance on mechanical alignment devices and high-precision packaging processes. At the same time, the calibration results are further used to determine the working gain value, so that the receiving gain during normal communication is matched with the actual alignment state, reducing false triggering of low-coverage photodetectors and insufficient gain of effective photodetectors. Meanwhile, the calibration results can continuously meet the requirements of high-speed communication during operation.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of real-time monitoring of the received response of each photodetector, each photodetector is provided with a transimpedance amplifier, the photodetector and the corresponding transimpedance amplifier generate a voltage signal based on the received optical signal, and the received response is determined to be a first response or a second response based on the voltage signal.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of determining the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the received response, the first photodetector whose received response is a first response is taken as the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of gradually increasing the gain corresponding to each photodetector and monitoring the receiving response of each photodetector in real time, and determining the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the receiving response: The gain of each photodetector is gradually increased from the initial minimum gain value to the maximum gain value; As the gain gradually increases from the initial minimum gain value to the maximum gain value, the photodetectors that receive the first response are recorded and constructed into a first set. The first set records the gain of the first response of each photodetector as the critical gain value. The critical gain value of each photodetector in the first set is compared with a preset gain threshold. The photodetectors in the first set whose critical gain value is less than the preset gain threshold are constructed into a second set. The photodetectors in the second set are used as the photodetectors corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of gradually increasing the gain corresponding to each photodetector, a preset fixed step size is used to increase the gain corresponding to the transimpedance amplifier of each photodetector.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes the following steps: The gain response intensity value is calculated based on the critical gain value, preset minimum gain value, and maximum gain value of the photodetectors in the second set, and the alignment contribution value is calculated based on the gain response intensity value. A preset number of photodetectors are selected according to their alignment contribution values ​​from high to low to form a third set; The mapping confidence value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set. The operating gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit is calculated based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value of the photodetector in the third set, and the alignment contribution value.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of calculating the operating gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value of the photodetector in the third set, and the alignment contribution value: The weighted critical gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the critical gain value and alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set. The gain protection value is calculated based on the mapping confidence value, the preset minimum gain protection value, and the maximum gain protection value; The working gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the weighted critical gain value and the gain protection value.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of calculating the gain response intensity value based on the critical gain value, the preset minimum gain value, and the maximum gain value of the photodetectors in the second set, and calculating the alignment contribution value based on the gain response intensity value, the gain response intensity value is calculated using the following formula:

[0016] in, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding gain response intensity value, This indicates the preset maximum gain value. This represents the preset minimum gain value. This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The critical gain value; The alignment contribution value is calculated using the following formula:

[0017] in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding second set, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding gain response intensity value, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding alignment contribution value.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of calculating the weighted critical gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the critical gain value and alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set, the weighted critical gain value is calculated using the following formula:

[0019] in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding weighted critical gain value, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding third set, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the third set The corresponding alignment contribution value, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the third set The corresponding critical gain value; In the step of calculating the gain protection value based on the mapping confidence value, the preset minimum gain protection value, and the maximum gain protection value, the gain protection value is calculated using the following formula:

[0020] in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding gain protection value, and These represent the preset minimum gain protection value and maximum gain protection value, respectively. Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding mapping confidence value.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention relates to an alignment calibration system based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array. The system includes a light emitting module and a light receiving module connected to each other. The light emitting module is provided with a Micro LED array, and the light receiving module is provided with a photodetector array and a digital processing unit. The aforementioned alignment calibration method based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array is applied in the digital processing unit. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first implementation of the alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED arrays and photodetector arrays in this scheme; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second implementation of the alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED arrays and photodetector arrays in this scheme; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one processing architecture of this solution; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another processing architecture for this solution; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-core optical fiber used in this scheme. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of systems and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0025] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] Furthermore, in traditional optical interconnect systems, the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) typically employ a one-to-one point-to-point connection, where a single light source is aligned with a single photodetector (PD) via a single optical fiber. The alignment process is relatively simple and can be achieved through mechanical adjustment or a fixed structure. However, in Micro LED optical communication systems, to achieve higher data transmission rates, smaller device sizes, and more flexible interconnection methods, the system architecture has undergone a revolutionary change: the transmitter uses a high-density Micro LED array as the TX, and the receiver uses a PD array as the RX, with both achieving many-to-many parallel optical signal transmission via multi-core optical fibers. While this architecture brings performance advantages, it also presents unprecedented alignment challenges: 1. High-Density Array Coupling with Multi-Core Fiber: Micro LED arrays consist of hundreds or thousands of micrometer-sized pixels, each capable of independently modulating optical signals; PD arrays also contain high-density detector units. To achieve parallel transmission, a one-to-one communication link must be established between each pixel of the Micro LED array and its corresponding detector in the PD array via multi-core fiber. Each fiber core in the multi-core fiber has a diameter of only a few micrometers to tens of micrometers and must be precisely aligned with the Micro LED pixels and PD units to ensure efficient coupling of optical signals. The many-to-many mapping relationship (e.g., N TX pixels vs. N RX detectors) greatly increases the dimensionality and complexity of alignment.

[0027] 2. Space Constraints and Precision Requirements: Micro LED arrays and PD arrays are typically in the millimeter range or even smaller, while the end-face alignment precision of multi-core optical fibers needs to reach the sub-micrometer level. Achieving precise alignment of hundreds or thousands of optical channels in such a small space makes traditional mechanical alignment methods (such as manual adjustment and precision displacement stages) unsuitable due to their large size, slow response, and high cost.

[0028] 3. Lack of dedicated alignment technology for multi-core optical fibers: Existing optical communication alignment technologies are mostly designed for single-core optical fibers and cannot effectively solve the problem of accurate matching between complex end-face arrangements (such as rectangular or honeycomb structures) of multi-core optical fibers and high-density arrays.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides an alignment and calibration method based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array. The method is based on an interconnected light emitting module and a light receiving module. The light emitting module is equipped with a Micro LED array, and the light receiving module is equipped with a photodetector array. The method is applied to the light receiving module, and the steps of the method include: In practical implementation, the light emitting module includes a driving circuit, a Micro LED array, and a microlens array. The driving circuit can independently control each light-emitting unit in the Micro LED array. The light receiving module includes a photodetector array, a transimpedance amplifier, a gain control circuit, a MUX circuit, and a digital processing unit. The light emitting module and the light receiving module are connected by a multi-core optical fiber or an imaging optical fiber.

[0030] Step S100: Activate the light-emitting units in the Micro LED array one by one, and perform alignment determination for each light-emitting unit; The light emitting module outputs a single-point activation control signal, which causes the light-emitting unit currently to be judged to emit light, while the other light-emitting units are turned off.

[0031] In step S200, during the alignment determination of each of the light-emitting units, the light-emitting unit to be determined is activated, and the gain of each photodetector in the photodetector array is simultaneously initialized to a preset minimum gain value. Step S300: Gradually increase the gain of each photodetector and monitor the receiving response of each photodetector in real time. Based on the receiving response, determine the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be judged.

[0032] By adopting the above scheme, the beam coverage difference caused by fiber offset is converted into a critical gain difference that can be read by electronic circuits. This allows the calibration process to be completed using Micro LED arrays, photodetector arrays, transimpedance amplifiers, and digital processing units, reducing reliance on mechanical alignment devices and high-precision packaging processes. At the same time, the calibration results are further used to determine the working gain value, so that the receiving gain during normal communication is matched with the actual alignment state, reducing false triggering of low-coverage photodetectors and insufficient gain of effective photodetectors. Meanwhile, the calibration results can continuously meet the requirements of high-speed communication during operation.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of real-time monitoring of the received response of each photodetector, each photodetector is provided with a transimpedance amplifier, the photodetector and the corresponding transimpedance amplifier generate a voltage signal based on the received optical signal, and the received response is determined to be a first response or a second response based on the voltage signal.

[0034] Specifically, when the beam coverage area ratio is greater than a preset ratio threshold, it indicates that the current photodetector is effectively covered by the beam of the current emitting unit, and the feedback voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold. The digital processing unit determines its received response as a first response. When the beam coverage area ratio is not greater than the preset ratio threshold, the feedback voltage signal is not greater than the preset voltage threshold, indicating that the beam coverage received by the current photodetector is insufficient, and the digital processing unit determines its received response as a second response. The first response can be logic 1, and the second response can be logic 0.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of determining the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the received response, the first photodetector whose received response is the first response is taken as the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first photodetector that receives a first response can be used as the photodetector uniquely corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined; or the first photodetector that receives a first response can be used as one of the photodetectors corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

[0037] Using the above scheme, alignment judgment is completed by the output of the photodetector itself. The determination of the first response can quickly locate the receiving position with the strongest beam coverage, thereby reducing the amount of calibration calculation and improving the real-time calibration speed.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of gradually increasing the gain corresponding to each photodetector and monitoring the receiving response of each photodetector in real time, and determining the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the receiving response: The gain of each photodetector is gradually increased from the initial minimum gain value to the maximum gain value; As the gain gradually increases from the initial minimum gain value to the maximum gain value, the photodetectors that receive the first response are recorded and constructed into a first set. The first set records the gain of the first response of each photodetector as the critical gain value. The critical gain value of each photodetector in the first set is compared with a preset gain threshold. The photodetectors in the first set whose critical gain value is less than the preset gain threshold are constructed into a second set. The photodetectors in the second set are used as the photodetectors corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of gradually increasing the gain corresponding to each photodetector, a preset fixed step size is used to increase the gain corresponding to the transimpedance amplifier of each photodetector.

[0040] In the specific implementation process, the digital processing unit records the preset minimum gain value as the gain scan start point and the preset maximum gain value as the gain scan end point. The digital processing unit gradually increases the transimpedance amplifier gain corresponding to each photodetector according to a preset fixed step size. For the i-th light-emitting unit and the j-th photodetector, the digital processing unit records the gain value when the j-th photodetector first forms its first response, and uses this gain value as the critical gain value for the i-th light-emitting unit corresponding to the j-th photodetector.

[0041] The first set records the photodetectors that formed a first response during the gain scan and their corresponding critical gain values. Photodetectors that did not form a first response before the maximum gain value are not written into the first set, or are marked as invalid responses when written. Subsequently, the digital processing unit compares each critical gain value in the first set with a preset gain threshold, and writes photodetectors with critical gain values ​​less than the preset gain threshold into the second set. The second set represents the valid receiving candidate region corresponding to the currently to-be-determined light-emitting unit.

[0042] By adopting the above scheme, this scheme can retain all valid response positions through two-level processing of the first set and the second set, and then remove weak coverage positions that are only triggered under high gain, thereby reducing the risk of adjacent photodetectors being misidentified as the corresponding receiving channel.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes the following steps: Step S400: Calculate the gain response intensity value based on the critical gain value, preset minimum gain value, and maximum gain value of the photodetectors in the second set; and calculate the alignment contribution value based on the gain response intensity value. Step S500: Select a preset number of photodetectors according to the alignment contribution value from high to low to construct a third set; In some embodiments of the present invention, photodetectors with alignment contribution values ​​greater than a preset contribution threshold can be written into the third set, or a preset number of photodetectors can be selected and written into the third set according to their alignment contribution values ​​from high to low.

[0044] Step S600: Calculate the mapping confidence value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set; In some embodiments of the present invention, the sum of the alignment contribution values ​​of the photodetectors in the third set corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated as the mapping confidence value.

[0045] Step S700: Calculate the operating gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value of the photodetector in the third set, and the alignment contribution value.

[0046] Using the above scheme, this scheme further introduces gain response intensity value, alignment contribution value and mapping confidence value on the basis of the second set, so that the effective receiving area is no longer coarsely screened by the critical gain threshold, but can be evaluated by forming a finer-grained mapping relationship based on the relative response contribution of each photodetector to the current light-emitting unit. The mapping confidence value is used as the input for determining the subsequent working gain value, which can make the low confidence mapping relationship obtain a larger gain protection margin and the high confidence mapping relationship obtain a smaller gain protection margin, thereby matching the normal working gain with the alignment stability.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of calculating the operating gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value of the photodetector in the third set, and the alignment contribution value: The weighted critical gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the critical gain value and alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set. The gain protection value is calculated based on the mapping confidence value, the preset minimum gain protection value, and the maximum gain protection value; The working gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the weighted critical gain value and the gain protection value.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sum of the weighted critical gain value and the gain protection value is calculated as the working gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit.

[0049] By adopting the above scheme, this scheme transforms the critical gain value and mapping reliability value obtained during the calibration phase into a working gain value that can be directly used during the normal communication phase, enabling the calibration results to be incorporated into subsequent communication operations. By setting the gain protection value, it avoids the instability caused by the working gain being exactly equal to the critical gain. By limiting the maximum gain value, it avoids excessive gain amplifying the weak responses of adjacent photodetectors and introducing crosstalk. This scheme can reduce the probability of false triggering of adjacent weakly covered photodetectors while ensuring stable responses of the corresponding photodetectors.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of calculating the gain response intensity value based on the critical gain value, the preset minimum gain value, and the maximum gain value of the photodetectors in the second set, and calculating the alignment contribution value based on the gain response intensity value, the gain response intensity value is calculated using the following formula:

[0051] in, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding gain response intensity value, This indicates the preset maximum gain value. This represents the preset minimum gain value. This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The critical gain value; The alignment contribution value is calculated using the following formula:

[0052] in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding second set, The light-emitting unit to be determined The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding gain response intensity value, The light-emitting unit to be determined The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding alignment contribution value.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step of calculating the weighted critical gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the critical gain value and alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set, the weighted critical gain value is calculated using the following formula:

[0054] in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding weighted critical gain value, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding third set, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the third set The corresponding alignment contribution value, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the third set The corresponding critical gain value; In the step of calculating the gain protection value based on the mapping confidence value, the preset minimum gain protection value, and the maximum gain protection value, the gain protection value is calculated using the following formula:

[0055] in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding gain protection value, and These represent the preset minimum gain protection value and maximum gain protection value, respectively. Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding mapping confidence value.

[0056] By adopting the above scheme, the operating gain value is jointly determined by the main receive responses in the third set, avoiding insufficient characterization of the receiving area of ​​multiple photodetectors when only a single minimum critical gain value is used as the basis for operating gain. After the mapping confidence value is included in the gain protection calculation, the operating gain margin can be adjusted according to the stability of the alignment relationship: when the mapping confidence value is high, redundant gain is reduced to improve crosstalk immunity; when the mapping confidence value is low, the gain protection amount is increased to improve the response stability of the effective receiving channel.

[0057] This invention also provides an alignment calibration system based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array. The system includes a light emitting module and a light receiving module connected to each other. The light emitting module is equipped with a Micro LED array, and the light receiving module is equipped with a photodetector array and a digital processing unit. The aforementioned alignment calibration method based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array is applied in the digital processing unit.

[0058] In practical implementation, the Micro LED array in the optical emitting module can be a 20×20 array, with each light-emitting unit measuring 60μm×60μm. The photodetector array in the optical receiving module can be a 60×60 array, with each photodetector measuring 20μm×20μm. The specific dimensions can be adjusted based on the fiber type, beam divergence angle, receiver array spacing, and manufacturing capabilities.

[0059] like Figure 3 and 4As shown, each photodetector in the optical receiving module can be connected to a separate transimpedance amplifier, or multiple photodetectors can be connected to the same transimpedance amplifier via a MUX circuit. When using a MUX circuit, the digital processing unit controls the MUX circuit to turn on sequentially according to the photodetector number during the calibration phase, and reads the transimpedance amplifier output after each turn-on.

[0060] The digital processing unit may include control logic, a gain scanning module, a receive response determination module, a set construction module, an operating gain calculation module, and a channel mapping table storage module. The control logic controls the activation of each light-emitting unit in the Micro LED array; the gain scanning module controls the transimpedance amplifier gain to gradually increase from a preset minimum gain value to a preset maximum gain value; the receive response determination module determines a first or second response based on the photodetector output; the set construction module constructs a first set, a second set, and a third set; the operating gain calculation module calculates the operating gain value based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value, and the alignment contribution value; and the channel mapping table storage module stores the mapping relationship between the light-emitting units and the photodetector, along with the corresponding operating gain values.

[0061] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned alignment and calibration method based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array. The computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible storage medium, such as random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, floppy disks, hard disks, removable storage disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that the exemplary components, systems, and methods described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. Whether implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this invention are programs or code segments used to perform the desired tasks. The programs or code segments can be stored in a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried in a carrier wave.

[0063] It should be clarified that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0064] In this invention, features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or combined with or in place of features of other embodiments.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alignment and calibration method based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array, characterized in that, The method is based on an interconnected light emitting module and a light receiving module. The light emitting module is equipped with a Micro LED array, and the light receiving module is equipped with a photodetector array. The steps of the method include: Activate the light-emitting units in the Micro LED array one by one, and perform alignment determination for each light-emitting unit; In the step of aligning each of the light-emitting units, the light-emitting unit to be judged is activated, and the gain of each photodetector in the photodetector array is initialized to a preset minimum gain value simultaneously. The gain of each photodetector is gradually increased, and the receiving response of each photodetector is monitored in real time. Based on the receiving response, the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be judged is determined.

2. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of real-time monitoring of the received response of each photodetector, each photodetector is equipped with a transimpedance amplifier. The photodetector and the corresponding transimpedance amplifier generate a voltage signal based on the received optical signal, and the received response is determined to be either a first response or a second response based on the voltage signal.

3. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the step of determining the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the received response, the first photodetector whose received response is the first response is taken as the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

4. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the steps of gradually increasing the gain of each photodetector, monitoring the receiving response of each photodetector in real time, and determining the photodetector corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be judged based on the receiving response: The gain of each photodetector is gradually increased from the initial minimum gain value to the maximum gain value; As the gain gradually increases from the initial minimum gain value to the maximum gain value, the photodetectors that receive the first response are recorded and constructed into a first set. The first set records the gain of the first response of each photodetector as the critical gain value. The critical gain value of each photodetector in the first set is compared with a preset gain threshold. The photodetectors in the first set whose critical gain value is less than the preset gain threshold are constructed into a second set. The photodetectors in the second set are used as the photodetectors corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined.

5. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of gradually increasing the gain of each photodetector, a preset fixed step size is used to increase the gain of the transimpedance amplifier corresponding to each photodetector.

6. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes the following steps: The gain response intensity value is calculated based on the critical gain value, preset minimum gain value, and maximum gain value of the photodetectors in the second set, and the alignment contribution value is calculated based on the gain response intensity value. A preset number of photodetectors are selected according to their alignment contribution values ​​from high to low to form a third set; The mapping confidence value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set. The operating gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit is calculated based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value of the photodetector in the third set, and the alignment contribution value.

7. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the step of calculating the operating gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit based on the mapping confidence value, the critical gain value of the photodetector in the third set, and the alignment contribution value: The weighted critical gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the critical gain value and alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set. The gain protection value is calculated based on the mapping confidence value, the preset minimum gain protection value, and the maximum gain protection value; The working gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined is calculated based on the weighted critical gain value and the gain protection value.

8. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the step of calculating the gain response intensity value based on the critical gain value, the preset minimum gain value, and the maximum gain value of the photodetectors in the second set, and calculating the alignment contribution value based on the gain response intensity value, the gain response intensity value is calculated using the following formula: ； in, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding gain response intensity value, This indicates the preset maximum gain value. This represents the preset minimum gain value. This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The critical gain value; The alignment contribution value is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding second set, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding gain response intensity value, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the second set The corresponding alignment contribution value.

9. The alignment and calibration method based on Micro LED array and photodetector array according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the step of calculating the weighted critical gain value corresponding to the light-emitting unit to be determined based on the critical gain value and alignment contribution value of the photodetectors in the third set, the weighted critical gain value is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding weighted critical gain value, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding third set, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the third set The corresponding alignment contribution value, This indicates the light-emitting unit currently to be determined. The corresponding photodetectors in the third set The corresponding critical gain value; In the step of calculating the gain protection value based on the mapping confidence value, the preset minimum gain protection value, and the maximum gain protection value, the gain protection value is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding gain protection value, and These represent the preset minimum gain protection value and maximum gain protection value, respectively. Indicates the light-emitting unit The corresponding mapping confidence value.

10. An alignment and calibration system based on a Micro LED array and a photodetector array, characterized in that: The system includes an interconnected light emitting module and a light receiving module. The light emitting module is equipped with a Micro LED array, and the light receiving module is equipped with a photodetector array and a digital processing unit. The digital processing unit applies the alignment and calibration method based on the Micro LED array and photodetector array as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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