Methods and apparatuses for reference signal design for wireless communications

Abstract

Methods and apparatuses for reference signal design for wireless communication are disclosed. A first node receives first information; receives a first reference signal and first data; wherein the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some of a first set of REs; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used jointly to determine channel parameters experienced by the first data; and energy of the first reference signal on at least two of the first set of REs is not the same. Compared with conventional orthogonal reference signals, data transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to transmission methods and apparatus in wireless communication systems, and more particularly to methods and apparatus for designing reference signals in wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for sensing, the trend of integrating sensing and communication capabilities in networks is becoming increasingly apparent. The ITU-R WP5D working group studied application scenarios for ISAC (Integrated Sensing and Communication) technology in 6G. The 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) technical report 22.837 (Rel-19), "Feasibility Study of Integrated Sensing and Communication," outlines 26 different use cases and integrates the potential requirements and KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) of ISAC. The 3GPP RAN 102 meeting approved the SI (Study Item) "Study on channel modelling for Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) for NR," which focuses on defining channel modeling to support target detection and / or tracking. Detected and / or tracked targets include drones, people indoors and outdoors, vehicles (at least outdoors), autonomous guided vehicles (e.g., in indoor factories), and objects posing a hazard on roads / railways.

[0003] In traditional wireless communication, the reference signal and the PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) and PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) that carry the data signal are orthogonal in the time and frequency domain, that is, they occupy different REs (Resource Elements). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The inventors discovered through research that for integrated sensing systems, sensing performance depends on the design of the sensing signals. Using the traditional method of orthogonal time-frequency domain reference and data signals will introduce greater overhead, further reducing data transmission efficiency. Therefore, in the future technological evolution of 5G and 6G, how to design reference signals to improve transmission efficiency will be a key factor.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a solution. It should be noted that while the integrated sensing approach is used as an example in the problem description above, this application is also applicable to non-inductive scenarios, such as Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), achieving similar technical effects. Furthermore, adopting a unified solution can reduce implementation complexity or cost, or improve performance. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the first node of this application can be applied to the second node. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0006] Where necessary, the interpretation of terms used in this application may be referenced to the descriptions in the TS38 series of specification protocols of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partner Project).

[0007] This application discloses a method used in a first node for wireless communication, comprising:

[0008] Receive the first information; receive the first reference signal and the first data;

[0009] Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0010] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it makes the range of selectable time-frequency resources occupied by the reference signal more flexible and improves transmission efficiency.

[0011] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it enhances the versatility of the reference signal and provides the possibility for the reference signal and data to experience channel parameters that are not exactly the same.

[0012] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it optimizes the characteristics of the first reference signal while maintaining compatibility with traditional communication waveforms, thus providing greater flexibility.

[0013] As one example, the first node is a user equipment.

[0014] As an example, the first node is a relay node.

[0015] As one example, the first node is a terminal.

[0016] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first reference signal is transmitted by P1 antenna ports; the first data is transmitted by P2 antenna ports, where P1 is a positive integer greater than 1; P2 is a positive integer not greater than P1; and the at least one precoding matrix indicates at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0017] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it enhances the flexibility of the reference signal transmission antenna port and the data transmission antenna port.

[0018] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it enhances the versatility of the reference signal.

[0019] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first reference signal is transmitted by each of the P1 antenna ports, which occupies each RE in the first RE set.

[0020] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it saves time and frequency resources.

[0021] As an example, the advantages of the above method are: it increases the degree of freedom of the reference signal, providing greater versatility and flexibility for the reference signal.

[0022] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the feature is that second information is received;

[0023] Wherein, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; the energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

[0024] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it prioritizes meeting the energy requirements of the reference signal, thus ensuring the functionality of the reference signal.

[0025] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that the energy of the reference signal and data on each RE is configurable, which improves flexibility.

[0026] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the energy of the first data does not exceed the difference between a first energy value and the energy of the first reference signal for each RE in the first RE set; the first energy value depends on the indication of the second information.

[0027] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it allows for flexible configuration of the power spectral density.

[0028] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, it is characterized by comprising:

[0029] Send initial sensing information;

[0030] The first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

[0031] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it utilizes the first reference signal to achieve the sensing function.

[0032] This application discloses a method used in a second node for wireless communication, comprising:

[0033] Send the first information; send the first reference signal and the first data;

[0034] Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0035] According to one aspect of this application, the first reference signal is characterized by P1

[0036] The first data is transmitted by P1 antenna ports; the first data is transmitted by P2 antenna ports, where P1 is a positive integer greater than 1; P2 is a positive integer not greater than P1; the at least one precoding matrix indicates at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0037] According to one aspect of this application, the first reference signal is transmitted by each of the P1 antenna ports, which occupies each RE in the first RE set.

[0038] According to one aspect of this application, the feature is that a second message is transmitted;

[0039] Wherein, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; the energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

[0040] According to one aspect of this application, for each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data does not exceed the difference between a first energy value and the energy of the first reference signal; the first energy value depends on the indication of the second information.

[0041] According to one aspect of this application, it is characterized by comprising:

[0042] Receive initial sensory information;

[0043] The first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

[0044] This application discloses a first node used for wireless communication, comprising:

[0045] The first receiver receives the first information; it also receives the first reference signal and the first data.

[0046] Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0047] This application discloses a second node used for wireless communication, which includes:

[0048] The first transmitter transmits the first information; it also transmits the first reference signal and the first data.

[0049] Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the transmission of a first node according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture for the user plane and control plane according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0055] Figure 5 A transmission flowchart between a first node and a second node according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0056] Figures 6A-6C A schematic diagram of a first RE set according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0057] Figures 7A-7C A schematic diagram showing a first reference signal transmitted through P1 antenna ports according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated.

[0058] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a first node according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0059] Figure 9 A structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a second node according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] Example 1 illustrates a flowchart of the transmission of a first node according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown. (Attached) Figure 1 In the diagram shown in 100, each box represents a step. It is particularly important to emphasize that the order of the boxes in the diagram does not represent the chronological order of the steps they represent.

[0063] In Embodiment 1, the first node in this application receives first information in step 101; and receives a first reference signal and first data in step 102; wherein the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the energy of the first reference signal is different on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0064] As one example, the first information is transmitted over a physical layer channel.

[0065] As one example, the first information includes DCI (Downlink Control Information).

[0066] As one embodiment, the first information is carried by RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling or the first information includes MAC CE (Media Access Control Element).

[0067] As an example, the first information indicates a precoding matrix.

[0068] As one example, the first information indicates multiple precoding matrices.

[0069] As an example, the first reference signal is used for sensing services.

[0070] As an example, the first reference signal is a sensing reference signal.

[0071] As an example, the first reference signal sequence is known.

[0072] As an example, the first data is transmitted on the physical layer channel carrying the data.

[0073] As an example, the first data is transmitted on PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel).

[0074] As one example, the first data includes data transmitted on the PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel).

[0075] As an example, the first data is a MAC PDU (Media Access Control Protocol Data Unit).

[0076] As an example, the first data includes a MAC PDU (Media Access Control Protocol Data Unit).

[0077] As an example, the first data includes a MAC SDU (Media Access Control Service Data Unit).

[0078] As an example, the first data is mapped to DL-SCH (Downlink Shared Channel).

[0079] As an example, the first data carries DL-SCH (Downlink Shared Channel) data.

[0080] As an example, the first RE set is distributed temporally across multiple consecutive OFDM symbols.

[0081] As one example, the first RE set occupies multiple consecutive subcarriers in frequency.

[0082] As an example, the first RE set occupies multiple OFDM symbols that are discontinuous in time.

[0083] As an example, the first RE set occupies multiple discontinuous subcarriers in frequency.

[0084] As an example, the first RE set belongs to a frame in time.

[0085] As an example, the first RE set belongs to multiple frames in time.

[0086] As an example, the first RE set belongs to a subframe in time.

[0087] As an example, the first RE set belongs to multiple subframes in time.

[0088] As an example, the first RE set belongs to a slot in time.

[0089] As an example, the first RE set belongs to multiple time slots.

[0090] As an example, the first set of REs belongs to a carrier in terms of frequency.

[0091] As an example, the first RE set belongs to a cell.

[0092] As an example, the first RE set contains multiple REs.

[0093] Typically, an RE occupies one subcarrier in the frequency domain and one symbol in the time domain.

[0094] As an example, the symbol is an OFDM symbol.

[0095] As an example, the symbol is the SC-FDMA symbol.

[0096] As an example, the symbol is a multi-carrier symbol.

[0097] As an example, the symbol is a single-carrier symbol.

[0098] As an example, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on all REs in the first RE set.

[0099] As an example, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on a portion of the REs in the first RE set.

[0100] As one embodiment, the first reference signal occupies a second RE set outside the first RE set, the second RE set is not occupied by the first data, and the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on each RE in the first RE set.

[0101] As an example, the first information indicates a precoding matrix.

[0102] As an example, the precoding matrix corresponds to the time-frequency resources occupied by the first data.

[0103] As one example, the first information indicates multiple precoding matrices.

[0104] As one embodiment, the at least one precoding matrix includes multiple precoding matrices, the multiple precoding matrices having the same dimension.

[0105] As an example, the plurality of precoding matrices correspond one-to-one with the plurality of subbands on the time-frequency resources occupied by the first data.

[0106] As an example, each of the at least one precoding matrix includes P1×P2 matrix elements.

[0107] As an example, each precoding matrix in the at least one precoding matrix has P1 rows and P2 columns.

[0108] As an example, each precoding matrix in the at least one precoding matrix has P2 rows and P1 columns.

[0109] As an example, the first reference signal is transmitted through P1 antenna ports.

[0110] As an example, the first data is transmitted through P2 antenna ports.

[0111] As an example, P1 is greater than P2.

[0112] As an example, P1 is equal to P2.

[0113] As an example, P1 is a positive integer.

[0114] As an example, P2 is a positive integer.

[0115] As an example, the P1 antenna ports and the P2 antenna ports are different.

[0116] As an example, the P1 antenna ports and the P2 antenna ports are the same.

[0117] As an example, the P1 antenna ports and the P2 antenna ports are partially identical.

[0118] As an example, the elements of the precoding matrix are complex numbers.

[0119] As an example, each element in the precoding matrix is ​​constant modulus.

[0120] As an example, the precoding matrix is ​​a matrix in an enhanced type 2 codebook.

[0121] As an example, the precoding matrix is ​​a matrix in an enchantedtype 1 codebook.

[0122] As an example, the P1×P2 matrix elements of the precoding matrix indicate at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0123] As an example, the P1×P2 matrix elements of the precoding matrix indicate at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0124] As one embodiment, the first reference signal occupies a portion of the REs in the first RE set.

[0125] As one example, the first reference signal occupies all REs in the first RE set.

[0126] As an example, the first data occupies a portion of the REs in the first RE set.

[0127] As an example, the first data occupies all REs in the first RE set.

[0128] Generally, how to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data through the first reference signal and the precoding matrix is ​​a receiver behavior, determined by the equipment vendor and dependent on the specific implementation method. Furthermore, the format and type of the channel parameters are also determined by the equipment vendor and depend on the specific implementation method. Several typical but non-limiting implementation methods are given below:

[0129] As one example, the channel parameters include the channel impulse response.

[0130] As one example, the channel parameters include large-scale fading.

[0131] As an example, the channel parameters include small-scale fading.

[0132] As one example, the channel parameters include delay spread.

[0133] As one example, the channel parameters include angle spread.

[0134] As one example, the channel parameters include Doppler spread.

[0135] As an example, the channel parameters include AoA (Angle of Arrival).

[0136] As an example, the channel parameters include AoD (Angle of Departure).

[0137] In one implementation, the product of the channel parameters experienced by the first data and the at least one precoding matrix is ​​equal to the channel parameters experienced by the first reference signal. The first node obtains the channel parameters experienced by the first data through matrix operations based on the channel parameters experienced by the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix.

[0138] As a sub-implementation, the channel parameters experienced by the first data (optionally, after space-time coding or after space-time-frequency coding) are: in (i = 1, 2, ..., P2) is a complex number, and T denotes the transpose; each of the at least one precoding matrix is... The channel parameters experienced by the first reference signal are: in (i = 1, 2, ..., P1) is a complex number, and T represents the transpose; H2 can be obtained by H2 = W T H1 is obtained.

[0139] As a sub-example, the first reference signal is transmitted through P1 antenna ports.

[0140] As a sub-implementation, the first data is transmitted through P2 antenna ports.

[0141] The channel parameters experienced by the first reference signal can be obtained by the first node through a traditional channel estimation algorithm, or they can be based on AI. For example, the first node inputs the signal on at least the RE occupied by the first reference signal and the sequence of the first reference signal into the AI ​​model, and the output of the AI ​​model is used to obtain the channel parameters experienced by the first reference signal.

[0142] As a sub-example, the conventional channel estimation algorithm is LS (Least Squares) estimation.

[0143] As a sub-example, the conventional channel estimation algorithm is MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) estimation.

[0144] In one implementation, the first node inputs the received first reference signal and the precoding matrix into the AI ​​model, and the output of the AI ​​model is the channel parameters experienced by the first data.

[0145] The structure and parameters of the AI ​​model in the above embodiments are known to the first node. For example, they may be obtained by downloading from a network device, or they may be specified in a standard, or they may be implementation-related to the first node (i.e., determined by the hardware device vendor of the first node).

[0146] As an example, the unit of energy is W (Watt).

[0147] As an example, the unit of energy is mW (milliwatt).

[0148] As an example, the unit of energy is EPRE (Energy Per Resource Element).

[0149] As an example, the unit of energy is dBm (decibel milliwatt).

[0150] As an example, the first reference signal occupies all REs (Resource Elements) in the first RE set, and the first RE set occupies multiple consecutive symbols in the time domain and multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0151] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it increases the degree of freedom of the first reference signal, providing greater versatility and flexibility for the first reference signal.

[0152] As an example, the advantages of the above method are: it provides good distance and velocity resolution, ensuring good sensing performance. Generally, how the first reference signal is generated is implementation-dependent, meaning it is determined by the hardware vendor of the sender of the first reference signal. Several typical but non-limiting implementation methods are described below:

[0153] As an example, the sequence of the first reference signal is a Kasami sequence.

[0154] As an example, the sequence of the first reference signal is a Gold sequence.

[0155] As an example, the sequence of the first reference signal is a ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence.

[0156] As an example, the sequence of the first reference signal is the time-domain signal corresponding to the chirp waveform, and the energy of the time-domain signal corresponding to the chirp waveform does not exceed a first energy.

[0157] As one embodiment, the first energy is predefined or indicated by the base station.

[0158] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it ensures good autocorrelation characteristics of the first reference signal.

[0159] As an example, the advantages of the above method are: it provides good distance and velocity resolution, ensuring good perception performance.

[0160] As an example, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE in the first RE set is equal to 0.

[0161] As an example, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE in the first RE set is greater than 0.

[0162] As an example, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE in the first RE set is predefined or indicated by signaling transmitted by the base station.

[0163] Example 2

[0164] Example 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 As shown. (Attached) Figure 2The network architecture 200 is described. The network architecture 200 is a 5G NR (New Radio) / LTE (Long-Term Evolution) / LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) system, or a 5G+ network architecture, or a 6G network architecture, or a future evolution network architecture of 3GPP; the network architecture 200 may be referred to as 5GS (5G System) / EPS (Evolved Packet System), or 6GS (6G System); the network architecture 200 includes at least one of UE (User Equipment) 201, RAN (Radio Access Network) 202, core network 210, HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / UDM (Unified Data Management) 220, and Internet service 230. The network architecture 200 can interconnect with other access networks, but these entities / interfaces are not shown for simplicity. As shown, the network architecture 200 provides packet-switched services; however, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the various concepts presented throughout this application can be extended to networks providing circuit-switched services or other cellular networks. The RAN includes node 203 and other nodes 204. Node 203 provides user and control plane protocol termination toward UE 201. Node 203 can be connected to other nodes 204 via an Xn interface (e.g., backhaul) / X2 interface. Node 203 may also be referred to as a base station, base transceiver station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), TRP (transmitter-receiver node), or some other suitable term. The core network 210 is a 5GC (5G Core Network) / EPC (Evolved Packet Core), or the core network 210 is a 6GC; node 203 provides UE 201 with an access point to the core network 210. Examples of UE201 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, non-terrestrial base station communications, satellite mobile communications, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, drones, aircraft, narrowband IoT devices, machine-type communication devices, land vehicles, automobiles, wearable devices, or any other similar functional devices.Those skilled in the art may also refer to UE201 as a mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, radio terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or any other suitable term. Node 203 is connected to the core network 210 via the S1 / NG interface. The core network 210 includes MME (Mobility Management Entity) / AMF (Authentication Management Field) / SMF (Session Management Function) 211, other MME / AMF / SMF 214, S-GW (Service Gateway) / UPF (User Plane Function) 212, and P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) / UPF 213. MME / AMF / SMF 211 is the control node that handles signaling between UE201 and the core network 210. In general, the MME / AMF / SMF211 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP (Internet Protocol) packets are transmitted through the S-GW / UPF212, which is itself connected to the P-GW / UPF213. The P-GW provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW / UPF213 connects to Internet service 230. Internet service 230 includes operator-compliant Internet Protocol services, specifically including the Internet, intranet, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), and packet-switched streaming services.

[0165] As an example, the first node includes the UE201.

[0166] As one embodiment, the second node includes the node 203.

[0167] As one embodiment, the second node includes the core network 210.

[0168] As one embodiment, the second node includes the node 203 and the core network 210.

[0169] As an example, node 203 is a macrocell base station.

[0170] As an example, node 203 is a microcell base station.

[0171] As an example, node 203 is a PicoCell base station.

[0172] As an example, node 203 is a femtocell.

[0173] As an example, node 203 is a base station device that supports large latency differences.

[0174] As an example, node 203 is a flight platform device.

[0175] As one example, node 203 is a satellite device.

[0176] As an example, the wireless link between the UE201 and the node203 includes a cellular link.

[0177] As an example, the first node and the second node in this application are the UE201 and the node203, respectively.

[0178] As an example, the first information is generated in node 203.

[0179] As an example, the target recipient of the first information includes the UE201.

[0180] As an example, the second information is generated in node 203.

[0181] As an example, the target recipient of the second information includes the UE201.

[0182] As an example, the first perception information is generated in the UE201.

[0183] As an example, the target recipient of the first perceived information includes the node 203.

[0184] As an example, the first reference signal and the first data are generated in node 203.

[0185] As an example, the target receiver of the first reference signal and the first data includes the UE201.

[0186] Example 3

[0187] Example 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture for a user plane and a control plane according to this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio protocol architecture for the user plane 350 and the control plane 300. Figure 3 The radio protocol architecture for control plane 300 is illustrated using three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3. Layer 1 (L1 layer) is the lowest layer and implements various PHY (Physical Layer) signal processing functions. L1 layer will be referred to as PHY301 in this document. Layer 2 (L2 layer) 305 sits above PHY301 and includes the MAC (Medium Access Control) sublayer 302, the RLC (Radio Link Control) sublayer 303, and the PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) sublayer 304. The PDCP sublayer 304 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels. It also provides security through encrypted data packets and cross-area mobility support. The RLC sublayer 303 provides segmentation and reassembly of upper-layer packets, retransmission of lost packets, and packet reordering to compensate for out-of-order reception due to HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request). MAC sublayer 302 provides multiplexing between the logical and transport channels. MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for allocating various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) within a cell. MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for HARQ operations. The RRC (Radio Resource Control) sublayer 306 in Layer 3 (L3) of the control plane 300 is responsible for acquiring radio resources (i.e., radio bearers) and using RRC signaling to configure the lower layers. The radio protocol architecture of the user plane 350 includes Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2). The radio protocol architecture in the user plane 350 is substantially the same as the corresponding layers and sublayers in the control plane 300 for Physical Layer 351, PDCP sublayer 354 in L2 Layer 355, RLC sublayer 353 in L2 Layer 355, and MAC sublayer 352 in L2 Layer 355. However, PDCP sublayer 354 also provides header compression for upper layer packets to reduce radio transmission overhead. The L2 layer 355 in the user plane 350 also includes the SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) sublayer 356. The SDAP sublayer 356 is responsible for the mapping between QoS streams and DRB (Data Radio Bearer) to support service diversity.

[0188] As an example, Appendix Figure 3The wireless protocol architecture described above is applicable to the first node.

[0189] As an example, Appendix Figure 3 The wireless protocol architecture described above is applicable to the second node.

[0190] As an example, the higher layer mentioned in this application refers to the layer above the physical layer.

[0191] As an example, the first information is generated in the RRC sublayer 306.

[0192] As an example, the first information is generated in the MAC sublayer 302 or the MAC sublayer 352.

[0193] As an example, the first information is generated in the PHY301 or the PHY351.

[0194] As an example, the second information is generated in the RRC sublayer 306.

[0195] As an example, the second information is generated in the MAC sublayer 302 or the MAC sublayer 352.

[0196] As an example, the second information is generated in the PHY301 or the PHY351.

[0197] As an example, the first perception information is generated in the RRC sublayer 306.

[0198] As an example, the first sensing information is generated in the MAC sublayer 302 or the MAC sublayer 352.

[0199] As an example, the first sensing information is generated in the PHY301 or the PHY351.

[0200] As an example, the first reference signal and the first data are generated in the PHY301 or the PHY351.

[0201] Example 4

[0202] Example 4 shows schematic diagrams of a first communication device and a second communication device according to this application, as shown in the appendix. Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 This is a block diagram of a first communication device 450 and a second communication device 410 communicating with each other in the access network.

[0203] The first communication device 450 includes a controller / processor 459, a memory 460, a data source 467, a transmitting processor 468, a receiving processor 456, a multi-antenna transmitting processor 457, a multi-antenna receiving processor 458, a transmitter / receiver 454, and an antenna 452.

[0204] The second communication device 410 includes a controller / processor 475, a memory 476, a receiver processor 470, a transmitter processor 416, a multi-antenna receiver processor 472, a multi-antenna transmitter processor 471, a transmitter / receiver 418, and an antenna 420.

[0205] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the second communication device 410, upper-layer data packets from the core network are provided to the controller / processor 475. The controller / processor 475 implements L2 layer functionality. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 475 provides header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocation to the first communication device 450 based on various priority metrics. The controller / processor 475 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the first communication device 450. The transmit processor 416 and the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 implement various signal processing functions for the L1 layer (i.e., the physical layer). Transmit processor 416 performs encoding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the second communication device 410, and mapping of signal clusters based on various modulation schemes (e.g., Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), M-Phase Shift Keying (M-PSK), M-QAM). Multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs digital spatial precoding on the encoded and modulated symbols, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing, generating one or more spatial streams. Transmit processor 416 then maps each spatial stream to subcarriers, multiplexes it with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently uses inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Multi-antenna transmit processor 471 then performs transmit analog precoding / beamforming operations on the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 418 converts the baseband multicarrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmitter processor 471 into an radio frequency stream, which is then provided to different antennas 420.

[0206] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the first communication device 450, each receiver 454 receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 452. Each receiver 454 recovers the information modulated onto the radio frequency carrier and converts the radio frequency stream into a baseband multicarrier symbol stream, which is then provided to the receiver processor 456. The receiver processor 456 and the multi-antenna receiver processor 458 implement various signal processing functions of the L1 layer. The multi-antenna receiver processor 458 performs receive analog precoding / beamforming operations on the baseband multicarrier symbol stream from the receiver 454. The receiver processor 456 uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert the baseband multicarrier symbol stream after the receive analog precoding / beamforming operations from the time domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, the physical layer data signal and the reference signal are demultiplexed by the receiver processor 456, where the reference signal is used for channel estimation, and the data signal is recovered in the multi-antenna receiver processor 458 after multi-antenna detection to recover any spatial stream destined for the first communication device 450. Symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered in the receive processor 456, generating soft decisions. The receive processor 456 then decodes and deinterleaves the soft decisions to recover the upper-layer data and control signals transmitted by the second communication device 410 over the physical channel. The upper-layer data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 459. The controller / processor 459 implements the functions of Layer 2. The controller / processor 459 may be associated with a memory 460 storing program code and data. The memory 460 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 provides multiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport and logical channels to recover upper-layer data packets from the core network. The upper-layer data packets are then provided to all protocol layers above Layer 2. Various control signals may also be provided to Layer 3 for Layer 3 processing.

[0207] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, at the first communication device 450, a data source 467 is used to provide upper-layer data packets to the controller / processor 459. The data source 467 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the transmission functions at the second communication device 410 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 implements header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocation, implementing L2 layer functions for the user plane and control plane. The controller / processor 459 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the second communication device 410. Transmit processor 468 performs modulation mapping and channel coding processing, while multi-antenna transmit processor 457 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing. Subsequently, transmit processor 468 modulates the generated spatial stream into a multi-carrier / single-carrier symbol stream. After analog precoding / beamforming operations in multi-antenna transmit processor 457, the stream is provided to different antennas 452 via transmitter 454. Each transmitter 454 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by multi-antenna transmit processor 457 into a radio frequency symbol stream before providing it to antenna 452.

[0208] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the function at the second communication device 410 is similar to the receiving function at the first communication device 450 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450. Each receiver 418 receives radio frequency signals through its corresponding antenna 420, converts the received radio frequency signals into baseband signals, and provides the baseband signals to the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 and the receiving processor 470. The receiving processor 470 and the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 jointly implement the L1 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 implements the L2 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 may be associated with a memory 476 that stores program code and data. The memory 476 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the controller / processor 475 provides multiplexing between the transmission and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover upper-layer data packets from the UE 450. Upper-layer packets from the controller / processor 475 can be provided to the core network.

[0209] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor, and the first communication device 450 at least: receives first information; receives a first reference signal and first data; wherein the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least a portion of REs in a first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0210] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program that, when executed by at least one processor, produces actions including: receiving first information; receiving a first reference signal and first data; wherein the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least a portion of REs in a first set of REs; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first set of REs.

[0211] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor. The second communication device 410 at least: transmits first information; transmits a first reference signal and first data; wherein the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least a portion of the REs in a first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix being used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0212] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program that, when executed by at least one processor, produces actions including: transmitting first information; transmitting a first reference signal and first data; wherein the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least a portion of REs in a first set of REs; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first set of REs.

[0213] As an example, the first node in this application includes the first communication device 450.

[0214] As an example, the second node in this application includes the second communication device 410.

[0215] As an example, at least one of {the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the receiving processor 456, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the controller / processor 459, the memory 460, and the data source 467} is used to receive the first information in this application; at least one of {the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the transmitting processor 416, the multi-antenna transmitting processor 471, the controller / processor 475, and the memory 476} is used to transmit the first information in this application.

[0216] As an example, at least one of {the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the receiving processor 456, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the controller / processor 459, the memory 460, and the data source 467} is used to receive the first reference signal and the first data in this application; at least one of {the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the transmitting processor 416, the multi-antenna transmitting processor 471, the controller / processor 475, and the memory 476} is used to transmit the first reference signal and the first data in this application.

[0217] As an example, at least one of {the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the receiving processor 456, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the controller / processor 459, the memory 460, and the data source 467} is used to receive the second information in this application; at least one of {the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the transmitting processor 416, the multi-antenna transmitting processor 471, the controller / processor 475, and the memory 476} is used to transmit the second information in this application.

[0218] As an example, at least one of {the antenna 452, the transmitter 454, the transmitter processor 468, the multi-antenna transmitter processor 457, the controller / processor 459, the memory 460, and the data source 467} is used to transmit the first sensing information in this application; at least one of {the antenna 420, the receiver 418, the receiver processor 470, the multi-antenna receiver processor 472, the controller / processor 475, and the memory 476} is used to receive the first sensing information in this application.

[0219] Example 5

[0220] Example 5 illustrates a flowchart of the transmission between a first node and a second node according to an embodiment of this application; as attached. Figure 5 As shown.

[0221] In the appendix Figure 5 In this context, the second node N1 and the first node U1 are communication nodes that transmit data via the air interface. (Appendix) Figure 5 In this example, the steps in blocks F51 and F52 are optional. It should be noted that the order in this example does not limit the order of signal transmission or the order of implementation in this application.

[0222] for First node U1 In step S510, second information is received; in step S511, first information is received; in step S512, a first reference signal and first data are received; and in step S513, first sensing information is sent.

[0223] for Second node N1 In step S520, second information is sent; in step S521, first information is sent; in step S522, a first reference signal and first data are sent; and in step S523, first sensing information is received.

[0224] In Embodiment 5, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0225] As an example, the first node U1 is the first node in this application.

[0226] As an example, the second node N1 is the second node in this application.

[0227] As one embodiment, the air interface between the second node N1 and the first node U1 includes a wireless interface between the base station equipment and the user equipment.

[0228] As one embodiment, the air interface between the second node N1 and the first node U1 includes a wireless interface between the relay node device and the user equipment.

[0229] As one embodiment, the air interface between the second node N1 and the first node U1 includes a wireless interface between user equipment and user equipment.

[0230] As one example, the second node N1 is the serving cell sustaining base station of the first node U1.

[0231] As one embodiment, the second node N1 includes access network equipment and core network equipment.

[0232] As an example, the first reference signal is transmitted through P1 antenna ports; the first data is transmitted through P2 antenna ports, where P1 is a positive integer greater than 1 and P2 is a positive integer not greater than P1; the at least one precoding matrix indicates at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0233] As an example, the at least one precoding matrix indicates the relative amplitude from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0234] As an example, the value of P1 can be any one of 1, 4, or 8.

[0235] As an example, the value of P2 can be any one of 1, 2, 4, or 8.

[0236] As an example, the P1 antenna ports and the P2 antenna ports are different.

[0237] As an example, the P1 antenna ports and the P2 antenna ports are partially identical.

[0238] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it has greater flexibility.

[0239] As an example, the P1 antenna ports and the P2 antenna ports are the same.

[0240] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it simplifies the signal processing flow.

[0241] As one embodiment, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; the energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

[0242] As one embodiment, the first information is physical layer signaling, and the second information is higher layer signaling.

[0243] As one example, the first information is either terminal group specific or cell common, and the second information is UE specific.

[0244] As one example, the second information is an RRC message.

[0245] As one example, the second information indicates multiple power values.

[0246] As one example, the second information indicates multiple power values.

[0247] As an example, the plurality of power values ​​correspond to the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

[0248] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it has greater flexibility.

[0249] As one example, the second information indicates a power value.

[0250] As an example, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE does not exceed the stated power value.

[0251] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it reduces signaling overhead.

[0252] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it optimizes the characteristics of the first reference signal while being compatible with traditional communication waveforms, thus providing greater flexibility.

[0253] As an example, for each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data does not exceed the difference between a first energy value and the energy of the first reference signal; the first energy value depends on the indication of the second information.

[0254] As an example, the first energy value is applied to each RE occupied by the first reference signal.

[0255] As an example, the advantages of the above method are: it simplifies the design and saves signaling indication overhead.

[0256] As an example, the first energy value is applied to the portion of the RE occupied by the first reference signal.

[0257] As an example, for each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data is equal to the first energy value minus the energy of the first reference signal.

[0258] As an example, for each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data is less than the first energy value minus the energy of the first reference signal.

[0259] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it prioritizes the energy of the first reference signal, thus ensuring the performance of the first reference signal.

[0260] As an example, for each RE in the first RE set, when the energy value of the first data minus the energy of the first reference signal is less than a first threshold, the energy of the first data is set to zero.

[0261] As an example, the first threshold is -46dBm.

[0262] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it is conducive to energy saving.

[0263] As one embodiment, the first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

[0264] As an example, the first sensing information is an RRC message.

[0265] As an example, the first sensed information is MAC CE.

[0266] As an example, the first sensing information is transmitted via the CP (Control Plane).

[0267] As one example, the first perceived information is an application layer message.

[0268] As an example, the first sensing information is a NAS (Non-Access Stratum) message.

[0269] As an example, the first sensing information is transmitted via UP (User Plane).

[0270] As an example, the first reference signal is used for sensing.

[0271] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: achieving sensing functionality.

[0272] Generally, how to obtain the first sensing information from the measurement of the first reference signal is determined by the equipment vendor, depending on the specific algorithm and the specific type of the first sensing information. Several typical but non-limiting implementation methods are given below:

[0273] As one embodiment, the first sensed information includes speed.

[0274] As one embodiment, the first sensed information includes time delay.

[0275] As one embodiment, the first sensed information includes angle.

[0276] As one embodiment, the first sensed information includes distance.

[0277] As an example, the distance is equal to the product of the time delay and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed.

[0278] As an example, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed is the speed of light.

[0279] As an example, the speed of light is 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m / s.

[0280] As one embodiment, the first sensed information includes location.

[0281] As an example, a periodogram-type parameter estimation algorithm is used to measure the first reference signal to obtain the first sensing information. For the received first reference signal, the received signal is transformed onto a power spectrum by fixing several sets of fixed substrates. By comparing the power on each spectral line, the relevant parameters of the target are estimated.

[0282] As an example, the 3D-FFT method is used to establish orthogonal bases in the time-frequency-spatial domains for the received first reference signal. By calculating the correlation of the signal in each base, the power periodicity map of the signal is obtained. The time delay, velocity, and angle of the target are estimated by the peak position of the periodicity map.

[0283] As an example, the 2D-FFT method is used to establish orthogonal bases in the time-frequency domain for the received first reference signal. By calculating the correlation of the signal in each base, the power periodicity map of the signal is obtained. The time delay and velocity of the target are estimated by the peak position of the periodicity map.

[0284] As an example, the first sensing information is obtained by measuring the first reference signal using the MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm. The received first reference signal is decomposed into a signal subspace and a noise subspace. These two subspaces are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, the vector with the features of the parameters to be estimated is also orthogonal to the noise subspace. The guiding vector of the signal subspace is traversed within a certain range to construct a spatial spectrum and obtain the first sensing information by searching for spectral peaks.

[0285] As an example, the ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) algorithm is used to measure the first reference signal to obtain the first sensing information. The received first reference signal is decomposed into a signal subspace and a noise subspace, which are mutually orthogonal. The feature matrix of the signal subspace is extracted by utilizing the rotation invariance characteristics between adjacent array elements in the array structure. The eigenvalues ​​related to the parameters to be estimated are estimated by eigenvalue decomposition, and the first sensing information is calculated by utilizing their angular characteristics.

[0286] As an example, the first reference signal received by the first node and the precoding matrix are input into the AI ​​model, and the output of the AI ​​model is the first perception information.

[0287] The structure and parameters of the AI ​​model in the above embodiments are known to the first node. For example, they may be obtained by downloading from a network device, or they may be specified in a standard, or they may be implementation-related to the first node (i.e., determined by the hardware device vendor of the first node).

[0288] Example 6

[0289] Example 6 illustrates various implementations of the first RE set of this application; as shown in the appendix. Figures 6A-6C As shown. (Attached) Figures 6A-6C In the diagram, a small gray square represents a time-frequency unit in the first RE set.

[0290] As one embodiment, the time-frequency unit is an RB (Resource Block); or, an RE.

[0291] As an example, the time-frequency unit occupies 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and no more than 14 OFDM symbols in the time domain.

[0292] In one implementation, the first RE set occupies multiple consecutive time-frequency units in both the time and frequency domains, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6A As shown.

[0293] In one implementation, the first RE set occupies at least two time-frequency units that are discontinuous in the time domain, but occupies multiple consecutive time-frequency units in the frequency domain, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6B As shown.

[0294] As a sub-implementation of the above implementation method, the time-frequency units occupied by the first RE set appear at equal intervals in the time domain.

[0295] In one implementation, the first RE set occupies at least two time-frequency units that are discontinuous in the frequency domain, but occupies multiple consecutive time-frequency units in the time domain, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6C As shown.

[0296] As a sub-implementation of the above implementation method, the time-frequency units occupied by the first RE set appear at equal intervals in the frequency domain.

[0297] Example 7

[0298] Embodiment 7 illustrates various implementations of transmitting the first reference signal of this application through P1 antenna ports; as shown in the appendix. Figures 7A-7C As shown. (Attached) Figures 7A-7C In the diagram, a small square represents a time-frequency unit. Small squares with different fillings represent time-frequency units occupied by different antenna ports, while small squares with the same filling represent time-frequency units occupied by the same antenna port.

[0299] As one embodiment, the time-frequency unit is an RB (Resource Block); or, an RE.

[0300] As an example, the time-frequency unit occupies 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and no more than 14 OFDM symbols in the time domain.

[0301] In one implementation, the P1 antenna ports that transmit the first reference signal occupy the same time-frequency unit, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 7A As shown.

[0302] As an example, the P1 antenna ports are distinguished by time-domain OCC (Orthogonal covering code).

[0303] As an example, the P1 antenna ports correspond to P1 orthogonal OCC sequences. For each of the P1 antenna ports, in the time-frequency unit it occupies, the time-frequency unit with the same time domain is multiplied by a fixed element in the OCC sequence corresponding to that antenna port, and the time-frequency units with different time domains are multiplied by different elements in the OCC sequence respectively.

[0304] As an example, the P1 antenna ports are distinguished by frequency domain OCC.

[0305] As an example, the P1 antenna ports correspond to P1 orthogonal OCC sequences. For each of the P1 antenna ports, in the time-frequency unit it occupies, the time-frequency unit with the same frequency domain is multiplied by a fixed element in the OCC sequence corresponding to that antenna port, and the time-frequency units with different frequency domains are multiplied by different elements in the OCC sequence respectively.

[0306] As an example, the P1 antenna ports are distinguished by time-frequency domain OCC.

[0307] As an example, the P1 antenna ports correspond to P1 orthogonal OCC sequences. For each of the P1 antenna ports, each time-frequency unit occupied by it is multiplied by each element in its corresponding OCC sequence.

[0308] As an example, the OCC is generated using a Walsh matrix.

[0309] As an example, the OCC is generated using a pseudo-random sequence.

[0310] As an example, the OCC is generated by a DFT matrix.

[0311] As an example, the OCC is generated using a Gold sequence.

[0312] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it saves time and frequency resources.

[0313] As an example, the advantages of the above method are: it increases the degree of freedom of the reference signal, providing greater versatility and flexibility for the reference signal.

[0314] In one implementation, the P1 antenna ports that transmit the first reference signal occupy the same time-frequency units in the time domain but different units in the frequency domain, as shown in the appendix. Figure 7B As shown.

[0315] As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it has a strong anti-interference ability.

[0316] In one implementation, the P1 antenna ports that transmit the first reference signal occupy the same time-frequency units in the frequency domain but different units in the time domain, as shown in the appendix. Figure 7C As shown in the figure. As an example, the advantage of the above method is that it has a strong anti-interference ability.

[0317] Example 8

[0318] Example 8 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus in a first node according to an embodiment of this application; as shown in the appendix. Figure 8 As shown. In the appendix Figure 8 In the first node, the processing device 800 includes a first receiver 801 and a first transmitter 802.

[0319] As one example, the first node is a user equipment.

[0320] As an example, the first node is a relay node device.

[0321] As one embodiment, the first receiver 801 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 The antenna 452, receiver 454, multi-antenna receiver processor 458, receiver processor 456, controller / processor 459, memory 460, or data source 467 are at least one of these.

[0322] As one embodiment, the first receiver 801 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 At least antenna 452 and receiver 454 are included.

[0323] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 802 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 The antenna 452 or transmitter 454 or multi-antenna transmitter processor 457 or transmitter processor 468 or controller / processor 459 or memory 460 or data source 467 is at least one of them.

[0324] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 802 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4At least antenna 452 and transmitter 454 are included.

[0325] The first receiver 801 receives first information; receives a first reference signal and first data;

[0326] In embodiment 8, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0327] As an example, the first reference signal is transmitted through P1 antenna ports; the first data is transmitted through P2 antenna ports, where P1 is a positive integer greater than 1 and P2 is a positive integer not greater than P1; the at least one precoding matrix indicates at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0328] As an example, the portion of the first reference signal transmitted by each of the P1 antenna ports occupies each RE in the first RE set.

[0329] As one embodiment, the first receiver 801 receives second information; the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; the energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

[0330] As an example, for each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data does not exceed the difference between a first energy value and the energy of the first reference signal; the first energy value depends on the indication of the second information.

[0331] As one embodiment, the first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

[0332] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 802 transmits first sensing information; the first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

[0333] As one embodiment, the first node includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the first node to perform the method described in this application used in the first node.

[0334] Example 9

[0335] Example 9 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a second node according to an embodiment of this application; as shown in the appendix. Figure 9 As shown. In the appendix Figure 9 The processing device 900 includes a second transmitter 901 and a second receiver 902.

[0336] In one embodiment, the second node is a base station device.

[0337] As one embodiment, the second node is a relay node device.

[0338] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 901 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 The antenna 420, transmitter 418, multi-antenna transmitter processor 471, transmitter processor 416, controller / processor 475, or memory 476 are at least one of them.

[0339] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 901 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 At least antenna 420 and transmitter 418 are included.

[0340] As one embodiment, the second receiver 902 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 The antenna 420, receiver 418, multi-antenna receiver processor 472, receiver processor 470, controller / processor 475, or memory 476 are at least one of them.

[0341] As one embodiment, the second receiver 902 includes the appendix to this application. Figure 4 At least antenna 420 and receiver 418 are included.

[0342] The second transmitter 901 transmits first information; transmits a first reference signal and first data;

[0343] In embodiment 9, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

[0344] As an example, the first reference signal is transmitted through P1 antenna ports; the first data is transmitted through P2 antenna ports, where P1 is a positive integer greater than 1 and P2 is a positive integer not greater than P1; the at least one precoding matrix indicates at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

[0345] As an example, the portion of the first reference signal transmitted by each of the P1 antenna ports occupies each RE in the first RE set.

[0346] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 901 transmits second information; the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; the energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

[0347] As an example, for each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data does not exceed the difference between a first energy value and the energy of the first reference signal; the first energy value depends on the indication of the second information.

[0348] As one embodiment, the second receiver 902 receives first sensing information; the first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

[0349] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above methods can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, hard disk, or optical disk. Optionally, all or part of the steps in the above embodiments can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module unit in the above embodiments can be implemented in hardware or in the form of software functional modules. This application is not limited to any specific combination of software and hardware. The user equipment, terminal, and UE in this application include, but are not limited to, drones, communication modules on drones, remote-controlled aircraft, aircraft, small aircraft, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, vehicles, RSUs, wireless sensors, internet access cards, IoT terminals, RFID terminals, NB-IoT terminals, MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminals, eMTC (enhanced MTC) terminals, data cards, internet access cards, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, low-cost mobile phones, low-cost tablets, and other wireless communication devices. The base stations or system equipment in this application include, but are not limited to, macrocell base stations, microcell base stations, small cell base stations, home base stations, relay base stations, eNBs, gNBs, TRPs (Transmitter Receiver Points), GNSS, relay satellites, satellite base stations, airborne base stations, RSUs (Road Side Units), drones, and testing equipment, such as transceivers or signaling testers that simulate some functions of a base station, and other wireless communication equipment.

[0350] Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be practiced in other specified forms without departing from its core or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein should in any way be considered descriptive rather than restrictive. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all modifications within their equivalent meaning and scope are considered to be included therein.

Claims

1. A first node for wireless communication, wherein, include: The first receiver receives the first information; Receive the first reference signal and the first data; Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

2. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reference signal is transmitted through P1 antenna ports; the first data is transmitted through P2 antenna ports, where P1 is a positive integer greater than 1 and P2 is a positive integer not greater than P1; the at least one precoding matrix indicates at least the relative phase from the P1 antenna ports to the P2 antenna ports.

3. The first node according to claim 2, characterized in that, The portion of the first reference signal transmitted by each of the P1 antenna ports occupies each RE in the first RE set.

4. The first node according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: The first receiver receives the second information; Wherein, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; The energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

5. The first node according to claim 4, characterized in that, For each RE in the first RE set, the energy of the first data does not exceed the difference between a first energy value and the energy of the first reference signal; the first energy value depends on the indication of the second information.

6. The first node according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: The first transmitter sends out the first sensing information; The first sensing information depends on measurements of the first reference signal, and the first sensing information includes at least one of velocity information and position information.

7. A second node for wireless communication, wherein, include: The first transmitter sends the first message; Send the first reference signal and the first data; Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

8. The second node according to claim 7, characterized in that, include: The first transmitter transmits the second message; Wherein, the energy of the first reference signal on each RE depends on the indication of the second information; The energy of the first data on each RE in the first RE set depends on the energy of the first reference signal on each RE.

9. A method for use as a first node in wireless communication, characterized in that, include: Receive the first message; Receive the first reference signal and the first data; Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

10. A method for a second node used in wireless communication, characterized in that, include: Send the first message; Send the first reference signal and the first data; Wherein, the first reference signal and the first data are superimposed on at least some REs in the first RE set; the first information indicates at least one precoding matrix, and the first reference signal and the at least one precoding matrix are used together to determine the channel parameters experienced by the first data; the first reference signal has different energies on at least two REs in the first RE set.

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