A timing method, network device, communication device and computer program product

Abstract

The timing method, the network device, the communication device and the computer program product provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure set a first time deviation amount for a first time length and a second time offset amount for a first reference time, correct the reference time of the first device and the first time length, and ensure that the earliest time for the first device to listen to Msg2 is earlier than the time when Msg2 is sent. Meanwhile, a second time length is also set to reduce the window time for the first device to listen to Msg2, so that the first device can receive complete Msg2 while the listening time is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of passive Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and in particular to a timing method, network device, communication device, and computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] In Ambient IoT (A-IoT), an A-IoT device sends message 1 (Msg1) to a reader, such as a Next Generation Node B (gNB). If Msg1 is successfully received, the gNB sends message 2 (Msg2) to acknowledge Msg1. After receiving the response to Msg2, the A-IoT device sends message 3 (Msg3).

[0003] When Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technology is introduced into A-IoT, due to timing errors in A-IoT devices, there may be situations where the A-IoT device listens for the transmission of Msg2 later than the Reader actually sends Msg2. This results in the A-IoT device being unable to listen for the complete Msg2. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a timing method, a network device, a communication device, and a computer program product. By setting a first reference time and a first time length, the time at which the first device receives Msg2 is no earlier than the time after the first reference time, so that the first device can receive the complete Msg2.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a timing method applied to a first device. The method includes: during a random access process triggered by a transmission from a second device to the first device, when the number X of time-domain resources used for Msg1 transmission is greater than 1, the first device anticipates a first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no earlier than the first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received, where the first reference time T... ref,1 The first reference time T when X=1 ref The first time length T1' is different from the first time length T1 when X = 1; or in a random access process triggered by a transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number of time-domain resources X for Msg1 is greater than 1, the first device expects to receive the transmission channel for Msg2 at the first reference time T. ref,1Then, no later than the second time length T2', the second time length T2' is different from the second time length T2 when X=1; or, during a random access process triggered by a transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number of time-domain resources X for Msg1 is greater than 1, the first device only detects the transmission channel for Msg2 within the first time window, and the end time of the first time window is determined by the first reference time T. ref,1 It is determined by the third time length T3.

[0006] In embodiments of this disclosure, a first reference time T is included. ref,1 The end time of the last time domain resource among X Msg1 time domain resources, or the start time of the last time domain resource among X Msg1 time domain resources; and the first time length T1 when the first time length T1' is less than X = 1.

[0007] In the embodiments of this disclosure, there is a first time deviation between the first time length T1' and the first time length T1 when X=1, and the first time deviation corresponds to the first time deviation amount.

[0008] In embodiments of this disclosure, the following are included: a second reference time is configured or predefined as the end time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources, or the start time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources; and a first reference time T. ref,1 There is a second time offset from the second reference time, and the second time offset corresponds to the second time offset amount.

[0009] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first time deviation and the second time offset are predefined or indicated by the second device.

[0010] In embodiments of this disclosure, a first reference time T is included. ref,1 The end time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources or the start time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources; and the first time length T1' is less than the fourth time length, wherein the fourth time length is the shortest time interval between the second device receiving Msg1 and sending Msg2.

[0011] In embodiments of this disclosure, a first reference time T is included. ref,2 The end time for sending Msg1 to the first device, or the end time for the time domain resource selected by the first device for sending Msg1; and the second time length T2' when X = 1.

[0012] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second time length is predefined or indicated by a second device.

[0013] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the first device selects a device whose Msg1 time domain resource is not the last time domain resource among X Msg1 time domain resources.

[0014] In embodiments of this disclosure, when X=1, the time at which the first device expects to receive the transmission channel for Msg2 is at a first reference time T. ref Then no later than the fifth time period, where the first reference time T ref The end time for the first device to send Msg1 is specified, and the third time length T3 is greater than the fifth time length.

[0015] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure provide a timing method applied to a first device, comprising: the transmission start time of the physical channel (device to reader, D2R channel) from the first device to the second device and the transmission end time interval of the physical channel (reader to device, R2D channel) from the second device to the first device received before the D2R channel satisfying [T R2D_min ,T R2D_max ], T R2D_max The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for D2R channel transmission, and / or T R2D_min The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for D2R channel transmission.

[0016] In embodiments of this disclosure, the D2R channel includes Msg1 or Msg3, and the R2D channel includes R2D transmission that triggers random access or Msg2.

[0017] In embodiments of this disclosure, T R2D_max or T R2D_min The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used in the D2R channel transmission. The transmission parameters used in the D2R channel transmission include at least one of the following: whether convolutional coding is used; whether cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is used; whether repeated transmission is used; whether frequency shift is applied; whether frequency division multiple access (FDMA) is applied; whether time division multiple access (TDMA) is applied for Msg1, Msg3 or other D2R transmissions; the size of the payload transmitted by D2R; and the type of information transmitted by D2R.

[0018] In embodiments of this disclosure, including: T R2D_max The number of candidate values ​​is greater than one; and / or T R2D_min There are more than one candidate value.

[0019] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second device, including: a memory for storing computer-readable instructions; and a processor for executing the computer-readable instructions, causing the second device to perform the timing method.

[0020] In another aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned timing method.

[0021] This disclosure provides a timing method, a second device, and a computer program product. By setting a first time deviation for a first time length, or setting a second time offset for a first reference time, or setting a second time length to determine the latest time the first device expects Msg2, the method corrects for time errors caused by timing deviations in the first device. This ensures that the first device can receive the complete Msg2. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the more detailed description of the embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this disclosure to explain the disclosure and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components or steps.

[0023] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates an environmental application according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a receiving process with timing deviation.

[0026] Figure 4 The schematic diagram illustrates yet another timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 5 The schematic diagram illustrates a timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6 The schematic diagram illustrates a timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 7 The schematic diagram illustrates yet another timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 8The schematic diagram illustrates yet another timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the latest time that the first device expects Msg2 to be transmitted, as provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 10 The diagram illustrates a second device sending a RACH trigger message to a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 11 A block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0034] Figure 12 A block diagram illustrating a computer program product according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure more apparent, exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0036] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates an environmental application according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 may include at least one network device 101 and multiple passive terminals 102. The network device 101 can send real-time data transmissions with the passive terminals 102.

[0038] Network device 101 can be an access network device, such as a base station, pole station, micro base station, macro station, etc.; network device 101 can also be a terminal device, such as a mobile phone, IoT device, handheld reader, etc.

[0039] The passive terminal 102 can be in the form of a tag or any other terminal. The passive terminal 102 does not have its own power source or rely on batteries or other power devices; instead, it obtains energy from the environment to support data sensing, transmission, and distributed computing. For example, the passive terminal 102 can obtain energy through solar, radio frequency, wind, hydro, or tidal power, and can also store the obtained energy.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as in manufacturing or warehouse management, network device 101 can be a reader, such as a handheld reader or other fixed reader, or a mobile reader. Passive terminal 102 can be an electronic tag or a similar device; the following description uses an electronic tag as an example. The reader can send a command to initiate an inventory count. Based on the command, the electronic tag can send a response message Msg1 back to the handheld reader. Further, the reader can also send a corresponding message Msg2 to the electronic tag based on the response message Msg1. In this case, there can be multiple electronic tags, which can send response messages Msg1 to the reader at different times or simultaneously. The reader can receive multiple response messages Msg1 and send corresponding messages Msg2 based on the response messages. It is understood that the passive terminal 102 here can be the first device in this embodiment of the disclosure.

[0041] The following section provides a detailed description of the process by which multiple passive terminals 102 send response information Msg1 to network device 101, and the process by which network device 101 receives multiple response information Msg1.

[0042] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, this disclosure provides a timing method, including... Figure 2 In the above, (a), (b), and (c) are applied to the first device, where the first device selects one of the X Msg1 time domain resources that is not the last time domain resource. The access request message Msg1 is configured to be sent from the first device to the second device, and Msg2 is configured to be sent from the second device to the first device.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first device may include a passive terminal such as an electronic tag, and the second device may include a reader such as a base station, mobile phone, IoT device, or handheld reader. For example, in an inventory check, in response to an inventory check initiation command sent by the second device, multiple first devices may send an initial access request message Msg1 to the second device. After receiving all Msg1 messages, the second device may send a response message Msg2 to each of the first devices in response to Msg1.

[0045] Furthermore, multiple first devices can send Msg1 to the second device on multiple different time-domain resources. Each first device can use a single time-domain resource as an independent channel to send Msg1 to the second device. Thus, multiple first devices can take turns using the same type of physical channel to transmit data on different time-domain resources.

[0046] In embodiments of this disclosure, to ensure a unified time base for subsequent operations, the end time of the last Msg1 transmission can be agreed upon as the first reference time. Alternatively, in this case, the second device can instruct multiple first devices to use the end time of the last Msg1 transmission as the first reference time, or the end time of the last Msg1 transmission can be predefined as the first reference time. For example, the start time and / or end time of the last time-domain resource among multiple time-domain resources can be agreed upon or indicated to the first device by the second device, and the first device can be instructed to use the start time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time. Then, the first device expects to receive Msg2 no earlier than the first time length T1' after the first reference time. Alternatively, by pre-setting the start time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time, the first device can use the start time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time.

[0047] In this scenario, for the first device tag1 that transmits Msg1 on the last Msg1 time domain resource, its first reference time can be directly determined as the end time of the last Msg1 transmission. However, for the first device tag2 that does not transmit Msg1 on the last Msg1 time domain resource, due to timing deviations (different first devices may have certain discrepancies in their actual determination of the start and end times of the last time domain resource), its determined end time for tag1's transmission of Msg1 will deviate from the actual end time of tag1's transmission of Msg1.

[0048] Meanwhile, in this situation, after confirming that all Msg1 has been received, the second device will begin sending Msg2 after a certain period of time. For the second device, the time when it determines that all Msg1 has been received is the end time of tag1's transmission of Msg1, which is a relatively fixed time.

[0049] Based on the above, for tag2, given that its first reference time is t2, and there is a certain timing deviation compared to t1, T is calculated from this reference time. D2R,min Then, it starts listening to Msg2, and the actual sending time of Msg2 is referenced to t1, T. D2R,min Then, tag2 became unable to listen to the complete Msg2.

[0050] After the first device sends Msg1, it will receive Msg2 after a time interval of the first time length T1'. The first time length T1' satisfies a time range [T...]. D2R,min T D2R,maxWithin the first time period T1', the first device will complete the transmission and reception conversion operations, etc. Where T... D2R,min This is the minimum interval between the end time of the transmission of the last Msg1 and the earliest time of receiving Msg2.

[0051] For better understanding, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 . Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a receiving process with timing deviation.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, multiple first device tags can send Msg1 to the second device using different time-domain resources. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the second device can indicate to tag1 and tag2 that the end time of the last Msg1 transmission is the first reference time, or the first device can be pre-set to use the end time of the last Msg1 transmission as the first reference time, that is, the end time of the last time domain resource is the first reference time. tag1 sends Msg1 to the second device in the last time domain resource, and tag2 sends Msg1 to the second device in the first time domain resource.

[0053] After receiving all Msg1s, the second device uses the end time t1 of the Msg1 transmission based on tag1 as the first reference time, and after a first time length T... D2R,min Msg2 is sent at time t3. Of course, the second device can also send Msg2 after time t3; this only considers the endpoint case.

[0054] For tag2, due to timing discrepancies, it considers the end time of tag1 transmitting Msg1 to be time t2, and uses time t2 as the first reference time. It expects the start time of listening to Msg2 to be no earlier than time t4, that is, tag2 expects it to be no earlier than the first time length T after the first reference time. D2R,min The device receives Msg2 at time t4. However, at this time, the second device has already started sending Msg2. In this situation, tag2 cannot receive the complete Msg2.

[0055] For example Figure 3 The situation shown can be processed based on S201, S202, or S203 to ensure that tag2 receives the complete Msg2. A detailed explanation follows.

[0056] like Figure 2 In (a) of S201, during the random access process triggered by the transmission from the second device to the first device, in practice, random access can be triggered by paging messages or other R2D transmissions that can be used to trigger random access. When the number of time-domain resources X used for Msg1 transmission is greater than 1, the first device expects to reach a first reference time T.ref,1 Then, no earlier than the first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received, where the first reference time T... ref,1 The first reference time T when X=1 ref The first time length T1' is different from the first time length T1 when X = 1.

[0057] Specifically, during a random access process triggered by a reader-to-device transmission (R2D) from the second device to the first device, X time-domain resources can be determined for D2R (device-to-reader) Msg1 transmission. When X is greater than 1, for the first device device1 that did not transmit Msg1 on the time-domain resources of the last Msg1, it is expected to receive Msg2 no earlier than a first time length after the first reference time.

[0058] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the first device can determine a first reference time based on the instruction of the second device. If the second device instructs that the end time of the last time-domain resource be the first reference time, then device1 will use the end time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time. However, due to timing bias, the first reference time determined by device1 will deviate from the actual end time of the last time-domain resource, and may be earlier or later. The second device can also instruct that the start time of the last time-domain resource be the first reference time. Again, due to timing bias, the first time determined by device1 will deviate from the actual start time of the last time-domain resource. Alternatively, the first reference time can be determined by agreement. For example, the end time of the last time-domain resource can be predefined as the first reference time. Then, the first device can use the end time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time.

[0059] In embodiments of this disclosure, when X is greater than 1, the first time length T1' can be the time from the first device to the first reference time T. ref,1 The minimum time interval for Msg2 transmission is expected. When X=1, the first device can use the end time of the last time-domain resource (since there is only one time-domain resource at this time, the last one is equivalent to the first one) as the first reference time T. ref The first time length T1 is until the first reference time T. ref The minimum time interval expected for Msg2 transmission is determined. In some embodiments, the first reference time T... ref,1 With the first reference time T ref The difference can be the first reference time T ref，1 Equal to the first reference time T refSubtract a time deviation value. Therefore, the first reference time T ref,1 With the first reference time T ref They are not the same. The sameness or difference mentioned here does not refer to the sameness or difference in absolute time, but rather to the definition of T. ref Let T be the end time or start time of the last time-domain resource among X time-domain resources, and T be the end time or start time of the last time-domain resource. ref,1 There is a time offset value between the end time and the start time of the last time domain resource among the X time domain resources.

[0060] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the difference between the first time length T1' and the first time length T1 may be due to a time deviation between T1' and T1. Therefore, the first time length T1' and the first time length T1 are not different.

[0061] like Figure 2 In step (b), S202, during a random access process triggered by a transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number of time-domain resources X used for Msg1 transmission is greater than 1, the time the first device expects to receive the transmission channel used for Msg2 is at the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no later than the second time length T2', the second time length T2' is different from the second time length T2 when X=1.

[0062] In some embodiments, during a random access process triggered by a transmission from the second device to the first device, X time-domain resources can be determined for the D2R (device to reader) Msg1 transmission. A second time length T2' is set such that the time at which the first device expects to receive the transmission channel for Msg2 is the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no later than the second time length T2'.

[0063] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second time length T2' being different from the second time length T2 when X=1 can be that the second time length T2 is shorter than the second time length T2'. Therefore, the second time length T2' is not different from the second time length T2.

[0064] like Figure 2 In step (c), S203, during a random access process triggered by a transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number of time-domain resources X used for Msg1 transmission is greater than 1, the first device only detects the transmission channel used for Msg2 within a first time window, and the end time of the first time window is determined by the first reference time T. ref,1 It is determined by the third time length T3.

[0065] In some embodiments, a first time window can also be set, the start time of which is a first reference time T. ref,1The end time for X=1 may be the first reference time T. ref +T D2R,max For X>1, the end time of the first time window is later than the first reference time T. ref +T D2R,max For example, the first reference time T ref,1 + A third time length T3, where T3 is the length of the time window. This window length can be indicated by the second device or determined by the first device based on information provided by the second device.

[0066] Therefore, the first device can listen to the Msg2 transmission channel only within the first time window. This allows control over the listening time of the first device, avoiding prolonged listening.

[0067] According to embodiments of this disclosure, when the first device uses the end time of the last Msg1 transmission as a reference time, a timing deviation problem occurs. However, by setting a first reference time T... ref,1 Alternatively, a first time length T1', a second time length T2', or a first time window can be used to constrain the earliest and latest times when the first device listens to the transmission channel of Msg2, thereby eliminating the impact of timing deviation. This allows the first device to start listening to the transmission channel of Msg2 earlier than the second device sends Msg2. This ensures that the first device can receive the complete Msg2.

[0068] In embodiments of this disclosure, when X=1, the time at which the first device expects to receive the transmission channel for Msg2 is at a first reference time T. ref Then no later than the fifth time period, where the first reference time T ref The end time for the first device to send Msg1 is specified, and the third time length T3 is greater than the fifth time length.

[0069] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a fifth time length is set to determine the latest time the first device listens to the transmission channel of Msg2 when X=1. Specifically, when X=1, after the first device finishes sending Msg1, its window time range for listening to Msg2 is relatively small, meaning the fifth time length is usually short. Therefore, when X is greater than 1, for the first device, its time window for listening to Msg2 will be larger than the window time range determined based on the fifth time length, that is, the third time length T3 is greater than the fifth time length. In this case, by using the first time window determined by T3, the time for the first device to listen to Msg2 is extended, thereby simplifying the determination of the window start time. It is only necessary to use the end time of sending Msg1 as the start time of the window. There is no need to consider the deviation from the reference time when X=1.

[0070] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first reference time T ref,1 The end time of the last time domain resource among X Msg1 time domain resources, or the start time of the last time domain resource among X Msg1 time domain resources; and the first time length T1 when the first time length T1' is less than X = 1.

[0071] In the embodiments of this disclosure, there is a first time deviation between the first time length T1' and the first time length T1 when X=1, and the first time deviation corresponds to the first time deviation amount.

[0072] Specifically, when X=1, meaning the number of time domain resources is one, the first device can determine up to the first reference time T. ref,1 The time t2 is the time after the first time length T1. If X is greater than 1, meaning there are multiple time-domain resources triggered by a single R2D transmission for Msg1 transmission, for the first device sending Msg1 on a time-domain resource other than the last one, the time from the first reference time T2 can be determined. ref,1 The time t2' after the first time length T1' has elapsed.

[0073] Understandably, due to the aforementioned timing deviation, for each device that sends Msg1 in a time domain resource other than the last one, its determined first time length T1' will have an error compared to the actual first time length T1, i.e., a first time deviation. Therefore, T1' can be obtained by subtracting the first time deviation from T1, thus compensating for the time at which Msg2 is first monitored. Consequently, in this case, the first time length T1' will be less than the first time length T1 when X=1.

[0074] Specifically, there are several possible scenarios.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first reference time T of the first device ref,1 For the end time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources, a first time deviation ΔT1 is set, and the first time length is corrected to expect the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no earlier than the modified first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received.

[0076] The following is combined Figure 4 Another timing method will be explained. Figure 4 The schematic diagram illustrates yet another timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] like Figure 4As shown, device1 transmits Msg1 to the second device in the first time domain resource, and device2 selects to transmit Msg1 in the last time domain resource. In this case, device1 can use the end time t1 of the last time domain resource as the first reference time.

[0078] Due to the timing deviation, device1 determines the first time length T. D2R,min It may also differ from the actual first time length T. D2R,min There is an error. Therefore, the first time deviation ΔT1 can be set to adjust the first time length T. D2R,min Adjustments are made, for example, the adjusted T is based on t1 as the reference time. D2R,min (or T') D2R,min Less than the original T D2R,min The time is t2, meaning that device1 expects Msg2 to be transmitted no earlier than t2, and t2 is earlier than the time the second device sends Msg2. It is understandable that the first time deviation ΔT1 can be a positive number here, i.e., the first time length T. D2R,min Subtract the first time deviation ΔT1. Alternatively, if the first time deviation ΔT1 is negative, then the adjustment should be made using the first time length T. D2R,min Add the first time deviation ΔT1.

[0079] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a first time deviation is set to correct the first time length T1' determined by the first device, thereby eliminating the impact of the timing deviation on the earliest time the first device expects Msg2 to be transmitted. By setting the first time deviation, the earliest start time for the first device to listen for Msg2 can be advanced. Therefore, compared to the time to receive Msg2, the earliest start time for listening for Msg2 is shifted forward, allowing the first device to receive the complete Msg2.

[0080] In some embodiments, the first reference time T of the first device ref,1 Let the start time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources be determined, and a first time deviation ΔT1 be set to obtain the corrected first time length T1', in order to anticipate the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no earlier than the first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received.

[0081] The following is combined Figure 5 Another timing method will be explained. Figure 5 The schematic diagram illustrates a timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0082] Referring to the above Figure 4 The introduction, in Figure 5In the context of using the start time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time, device1 uses the start time t1 of the last time-domain resource as its first reference time. device1 uses a first time length T... D2R,min The difference between the first time deviation ΔT1 and the first reference time t1 equals the second time t2, which is used to listen for Msg2. The second device sends Msg2 at time t3, which is later than the second time t2. Therefore, device1 can receive the complete Msg2.

[0083] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second reference time is configured or predefined as the end time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources, or the start time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources; and the first reference time T ref1 There is a second time offset from the second reference time, and the second time offset corresponds to the second time offset amount.

[0084] In the embodiments of this disclosure, when the end time or start time of the last time-domain resource among the X Msg1 time-domain resources is used as the reference time, i.e., the second reference time, for each first device that transmits Msg1 in a time-domain resource other than the last one, due to the existence of timing deviation, the end time or start time of the last time-domain resource among the X Msg1 time-domain resources it determines will have a certain error compared with the actual end time or start time of the last time-domain resource among the X Msg1 time-domain resources, for example, as described above. Figure 3 As shown in the image.

[0085] In this case, the first reference time T determined by the first device ref,1 The actual second reference time needs to account for time errors. Therefore, a second time offset ΔT2 can be set to correct the second reference time to obtain T. ref,1 .

[0086] Specifically, there are several possible scenarios.

[0087] In some embodiments, the second reference time of the first device is the end time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources, and a second time offset ΔT2 is set. The second reference time minus the second time offset ΔT2 is used as T. ref,1 In anticipation of the revised first reference time T ref,1 Then, no earlier than the first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received.

[0088] The following is combined Figure 6 To provide an explanation, Figure 6 The schematic diagram illustrates a timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0089] like Figure 6 As shown, multiple first devices can transmit Msg1 to a second device through different time-domain resources. For example, device1 transmits Msg1 to the second device using the first time-domain resource. Figure 6 As shown. The second device can instruct or predefine the first device to use the end time of the last time-domain resource as the reference time. In this case, device1 can use the difference between the end time t1 of the last time-domain resource and the second time offset ΔT2 as the first reference time t1'.

[0090] Due to timing discrepancies, device1 expects the first reference time for the transmission of Msg2 to be the end time of its determined last time-domain resource. However, this time may differ from the actual end time of the last time-domain resource. Therefore, a second time offset ΔT2 can be set to obtain the adjusted first reference time for device1. By setting the second time offset ΔT2 based on the end time of the last time-domain resource determined by the device, the error is compensated, and the first reference time of device1 is advanced to ensure complete reception of Msg2.

[0091] device1 can use the first reference time t1 and the first time length T. D2R,min The sum of these two times is the second time t2, and Msg2 is monitored. Furthermore, device1 can use the end time t1 of the last time-domain resource of Msg1 and the first time length T... D2R,min The third time t3 of the sum is used to receive Msg2. Since the time when the second device receives the last Msg1 is consistent with the actual end time of the last Msg1 transmission, the second device has received the first time length T. D2R,min Then, Msg2 was issued.

[0092] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a second time offset is set to compensate for the first reference time of the first device, thereby eliminating the impact of timing deviation on the first reference time. Setting the difference between the end time of the last time domain resource and the second time offset as the first reference time allows the first reference time of the first device to be advanced. This enables the first device to receive the complete Msg2.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first reference time T of the first device ref,1 Let T be the start time of the last time-domain resource among X time-domain resources of Msg1, and in order to determine the first reference time T. ref,1 Set or define a second time offset ΔT2 to anticipate the corrected first reference time T. ref,1Then, no earlier than the first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received.

[0094] The following is combined Figure 7 To provide an explanation, Figure 7 The schematic diagram illustrates yet another timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0095] Reference Figure 6 The introduction, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first device can use the start time of the last time domain resource as the first reference time. The first reference time is corrected by setting a second time offset ΔT2.

[0096] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by setting a second time offset, a first reference time of the first device is obtained through compensation, thereby eliminating the impact of timing deviation on the determination of the first reference time. Setting the difference between the start time of the last time-domain resource and the second time offset as the reference time allows the first reference time of the first device to be advanced. This enables the first device to receive the complete Msg2. Simultaneously, using the start time of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time reduces blank waiting time, further saving inventory time.

[0097] It should be noted that the second time offset, similar to the first time offset, can be either a positive or a negative number. Subtracting a positive offset has the same effect as adding a negative offset.

[0098] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first time deviation and the second time offset are predefined or indicated by the second device.

[0099] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the magnitudes of the first time deviation and the second time offset can be preset for the first device, or can be indicated by the second device to the first device. Further, the magnitudes of the first time deviation and the second time offset can be determined based on the product of a reference time and an error ratio. For example, if the first reference time is the end time of the transmission of the last Msg1, then the first time deviation can be equal to the end time of the transmission of the last Msg1 × 10%. It should be noted that the error ratio can be determined based on the error requirements of the first device, the time the first device transmits Msg1, and the end time of the transmission of the last Msg1. For example, if the error requirements of the first device (device1) are high, a smaller error ratio can be determined, and so on. Furthermore, the larger the difference between the time the first device transmits Msg1 and the transmission time of the last Msg1, the larger the error ratio can be determined.

[0100] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first reference time T ref,1The end time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources or the start time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources; and the first time length T1' is less than the fourth time length, wherein the fourth time length is the shortest time interval between the second device receiving Msg1 and sending Msg2.

[0101] Specifically, for the first device that sends Msg1 in a time-domain resource other than the last one, it expects to do so at the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no earlier than the first time length T1', the second device will begin receiving Msg2. That is, the first device expects the second device to send Msg2 no earlier than T2. ​​In this case, the second device can start receiving Msg2 at the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no earlier than the fourth time period, it is sent to Msg2.

[0102] In other words, for the second device, if it uses the same reference time as the first device (i.e., the reference time of the second device is also the end time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources or the start time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources), then a fourth time is set such that the fourth time is greater than the first time length T1', thus delaying the earliest time when the second device sends Msg2. This avoids the first device missing the opportunity to receive Msg2.

[0103] Specifically, the time interval T between the second device receiving Msg1 and sending Msg2 is... D2R,R It can be located in [T] D2R,min,R T D2R,max,R Within the range of ], where T D2R,min,R This is the fourth time length. As shown above, considering the first time length T1' as T... D2R,min In the case of a time length of T, that is, considering the first time length as T. D2R,min,D The fourth time length is T D2R,min,R And T D2R,min,R Greater than T D2R,min,D The situation.

[0104] Specifically, there are several possible scenarios.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first reference time T of the first device ref,1 Let the end time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources be the expected end time at the first reference time T. ref,1 No earlier than the first time length T D2R,min Receive the transmission channel used for Msg2. The first reference time T of the second device. ref,2Given the end time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources, the second device at the first reference time T ref,2 No earlier than T D2R,min,R Send Msg2.

[0106] The following is combined Figure 8 Another timing method will be explained. Figure 8 The schematic diagram illustrates yet another timing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0107] Reference Figures 4-7 The introduction, such as Figure 8 As shown, device1 can use the end time t1 of the last time-domain resource as the first reference time. device1 can use the first reference time t1 and the first time length T as the reference time. D2R,min,D The sum of these two times is the second time t2, and it is expected that the transmission of Msg2 will not be earlier than t2. The second device can use the end time t1 of the last time domain resource of Msg1 and the fourth time length T. D2R,min,R The third time t3 of the sum is used to send Msg2. The fourth time length T is... D2R,min,R Greater than the first time length T D2R,min,D Thus, even if there is a time difference between t1 understood by device1 and t1 understood by the second device, as long as this time difference is within T... D2R,min,R -T D2R,min,D Within the specified time frame, Msg2 reception will not be missed. This means that the second device transmits Msg2 no earlier than the third time t3.

[0108] Due to timing discrepancies, the second time at which device1 first starts listening to Msg2 may be inaccurate. Therefore, the time interval can be adjusted. By setting the time interval on the second device side to a fourth time, and ensuring that the fourth time is longer than the first time, the time when device1 receives Msg2 is delayed, thus ensuring that device1 receives Msg2 later than the time when device1 first starts listening to Msg2.

[0109] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a fourth time is set on the second device side to delay the time for receiving Msg2. Therefore, regardless of whether the earliest start time of the first device listening to Msg2 is earlier or later than the earliest start time of listening to Msg2 under the actual condition of no timing deviation, the time for the first device to receive Msg2 can be delayed. This ensures that the time for receiving Msg2 is equal to or later than the earliest start time of listening to Msg2, thereby allowing the first device to receive the complete Msg2.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first reference time T of the first device ref,1Given the start time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources, we expect it to be available at the first reference time T. ref,1 No earlier than the first time length T D2R,min Receive the transmission channel used for Msg2. The first reference time T of the second device. ref,2 The second device, at the first reference time T, determines the start time of the last time-domain resource among the X Msg1 time-domain resources. ref,2 No earlier than T D2R,min,R Send Msg2.

[0111] Referring to the above Figure 8 According to the introduction, device1 can use the start time t1 of the last time domain resource as the first reference time. device1 can use the first reference time t1 and the first time length T as the reference time. D2R,min,D The sum of these values ​​equals the second time t2, and it is expected that the transmission of Msg2 will not be earlier than t2. Furthermore, the second device uses the start time t1 of the last time-domain resource of Msg1 and the fourth time length T... D2R,min,R The sum of the third time t3, Msg2 is sent, and the fourth time length T D2R,min,R Greater than the first time length T D2R,min,D .

[0112] In embodiments of this disclosure, the first reference time T ref,1 The end time for sending Msg1 to the first device, or the end time for the time domain resource selected by the first device for sending Msg1; and the second time length T2' when X = 1.

[0113] In embodiments of this disclosure, for the first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1, the first reference time can be either the end time of transmitting Msg1 or the end time of the time-domain resource selected by transmitting Msg1, and the time for receiving the transmission channel for Msg2 can be the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no later than the second time length T2'. Furthermore, the first device may also use the end time of the time domain resource for which it selected to send Msg1 as a first reference time to anticipate receiving Msg2.

[0114] In some cases, such as when there is only one first device, or when there is no time-division multiplexing without Msg1 (i.e., X=1), after the first device sends Msg1, it can be expected to listen for Msg2 within a time no later than the second time length T2. This time range is relatively small, so as to minimize the waiting time while ensuring processing time and improving inventory efficiency.

[0115] In other cases, such as when the number of first devices is greater than 1 (i.e., X > 1), for the first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1, after sending Msg1, it expects to listen for Msg2 no later than the second time length T2'. Since its own Msg1 transmission end time is used as the reference time, the first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1 needs to listen for a longer time to cover the time of subsequent Msg1 transmissions. In other words, in this case, the second time length T2' is greater than the second time length T2 when X = 1.

[0116] In the embodiments of this disclosure, for the first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1, the expected transmission time of Msg2 is based on the first reference time T, with the end time of its transmission of Msg1 or the end time of the time domain resource selected by its transmission of Msg1 as the first reference time. ref,1 Then, within a time period T2' no later than the second time length, the latest time expected for Msg2 transmission can be determined, thus avoiding the situation where the first device needs to listen for Msg2 for a longer period of time.

[0117] The following is based on Figure 9 The methods involved will be further explained. Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the latest time that the first device expects Msg2 to be transmitted, as provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0118] Similar to Figures 4 to 8 Description, such as Figure 9 As shown, device1 transmits Msg1 in the first time domain resource. Device1 can use the end time t1 of transmitting Msg1 as its first reference time. Using t1 as the first reference time, device1 expects Msg2 to be transmitted at the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no later than the second time length T2'. In some embodiments, the second time length T2' may include at least the first time length T1', in which case the first time length T1' is T D2R,min That is, starting from t1, after the first time length T... D2R,min At a time no later than the second time length T2', as shown in the fourth time t4 in the figure, Msg2 is expected to be transmitted. It is understood that the second time length T2' can be greater than the aforementioned [T...]. D2R,min T D2R,max T in ] D2R,max .

[0119] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by setting a latest value for the first device's listening time, the situation where the first device's listening time is too long is avoided. This further shortens the waiting time and improves inventory efficiency.

[0120] In embodiments of this disclosure, the second time length is configured to be predefined or indicated by a second device.

[0121] Specifically, the second time length can be predefined for the first device, or it can be indicated by the second device to the first device. Furthermore, the magnitude of the second time length can be determined based on at least some parameters among the following: the end time of the first device transmitting Msg1, the first time length T1', and the time difference between the time domain resources used by the first device to transmit Msg1 and the last time domain resource.

[0122] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the time difference ΔT3 between the time domain resource of the first device transmitting Msg1 and the last time domain resource can be the time difference between the start time of the first device transmitting Msg1 and the start time of the last time domain resource. Alternatively, the time difference ΔT3 can be the time difference between the end time of the first device transmitting Msg1 and the end time of the last time domain resource. Alternatively, the time difference ΔT3 can also be the time difference between the end time of the first device transmitting Msg1 and the end time of the last Msg1 transmission.

[0123] Understandably, based on the previous description, the second device needs to wait a certain period of time after receiving all Msg1 before sending Msg2. Therefore, for Figure 9 For device1, the time it expects to receive Msg2 includes at least the first time interval between the end time of the first time domain resource and the end time of the last time domain resource, and the first time length T1'.

[0124] Furthermore, in this case, the second time length T D2R,max It includes at least the first reference time T1 and the first time length T. D2R,min The sum of time differences ΔT3. For each first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1, the time difference ΔT3 can be the time difference between the end time of the first time-domain resource and the end time of the last time-domain resource. In this case, each first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1 can obtain a larger second time length T. D2R,max This is to ensure that the complete Msg2 is detected.

[0125] For example, for Figure 9 For device2 in the example, its second time length T D2R,max Including the end time t2' (greater than t1) of transmitting Msg1, and the first time length T D2R,min And the time difference ΔT3. This can be understood as the time elapsed from t2' for the first time period T. D2R,minAfter a time interval of ΔT3, the latest time for the expected transmission of Msg2 is reached. In this case, the time difference ΔT3 here is related to the second time length T that determines device1. D2R,max The time difference ΔT3 is consistent.

[0126] In the embodiments of this disclosure, for each first device that is not the last to transmit Msg1, a different time difference ΔT3 can also be set. That is, it can be based on the time difference between the end time of each first device's transmission of Msg1 and the end time of the last Msg1 transmission. For example, for... Figure 9 For device1, the time difference ΔT3 is the time difference between the end time of the first time domain resource and the end time of the last time domain resource. For other devices, such as the device transmitting Msg1 on the second time domain resource, the time difference ΔT3 can be the time difference between the end time of the second time domain resource and the end time of the last time domain resource.

[0127] In this case, for each first device that is not the last to transmit time-domain resource Msg1, the determined time difference ΔT3 is not exactly the same, therefore the determined second time length T is also different. D2R,max They are also different. In this case, determining the time difference ΔT3 based on the Msg1 transmission end time of each first device can minimize the waiting time and improve inventory efficiency while ensuring processing time.

[0128] Furthermore, this disclosure also provides a timing method applied to a first device, comprising: the transmission start time of the physical channel (device to reader, D2R channel) from the first device to the second device and the transmission end time interval of the physical channel (reader to device, R2D channel) from the second device to the first device received before the D2R channel satisfying [T R2D_min ,T R2D_max ], T R2D_max The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for D2R channel transmission, and / or T R2D_min The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for D2R channel transmission.

[0129] In embodiments of this disclosure, when X = 1 or X is greater than 1, the transmission start position of the first Msg1 is located [T] relative to the end time interval of, for example, the paging message of the RACH trigger message. R2D_min ,T R2D_max Between [ ]. This time interval needs to take into account the time for the first device to process paging and the time to prepare Msg1.

[0130] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a random access procedure can be triggered by a paging message. During a round of inventory, there may also be other messages that trigger the transmission of the random access procedure Msg1. That is, these messages that trigger random access are Random Access Channel (RACH) trigger messages, which belong to R2D (reader to device) transmission. For example, refer to Figure 10 Describe it.

[0131] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the sending of a RACH trigger message from a second device to a first device. Figure 10 As shown, the first device can send a RACH trigger message, such as a paging message, to the second device. After T... R2D After a certain period of time, the second device sends Msg1 to the first device.

[0132] In embodiments of this disclosure, T R2D_max or T R2D_min The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used in the D2R channel transmission. These transmission parameters include at least one of the following: whether the transmission parameters use convolutional coding; whether the transmission parameters use cyclic redundancy check (CRC); whether the transmission parameters use repeated transmission; whether the transmission parameters apply frequency shifting; whether the transmission parameters apply frequency division multiple access (FDMA); whether the transmission parameters are Msg1, Msg3, or other D2R transmissions using time division multiple access (TDMA); the size of the payload transmitted by the D2R transmission; or the type of information transmitted by the D2R transmission. It is understood that T... R2D_max The value of can be determined based on one or more of the transmission parameters mentioned above, and the combination of multiple transmission parameters is not limited here.

[0133] In embodiments of this disclosure, including: T R2D_max The number of candidate values ​​is greater than one; and / or T R2D_min There are more than one candidate value.

[0134] In the embodiments of this disclosure, FEC encoding, such as tail-biting convolutional encoding, is introduced for D2R (device to Reader) transmission. Since tail-biting convolutional encoding takes a long time, the preparation time for Msg1 or other R2D transmissions by the first device will be longer. Furthermore, considering the different processing capabilities of different first devices, [T] is defined...R2D_min ,T R2D_max When determining the specific value of ], it will be necessary to define a larger T. R2D_max The value is used to ensure coverage of the worst-performing first device's processing capacity.

[0135] In this scenario, a problem arises: even if a certain time-domain resource is not selected by any first device, the second device, unaware of whether a first device with weaker processing power selected that time-domain resource, needs to wait until T. R2D_max Only after no Msg1 or other D2R transmissions are detected can the time domain resource be determined to be a no-time domain resource (noreply). During the inventory process, in order to avoid collisions with the first device, the second device sets a larger number of time domain resources, resulting in a large number of no-time domain resources. This leads to a significant amount of waiting time for the second device, which lengthens the total inventory time and reduces inventory efficiency.

[0136] Based on this, in the disclosed embodiments, T can be set. R2D_max There are more than one candidate value for T. R2D_max It can have at least two values. Two T values. R2D_max The corresponding T R2D_min The values ​​can be the same or different. Accordingly, T can be set. R2D_min There are more than one candidate value.

[0137] Therefore, for time-consuming transmission configurations, such as those using forward error correction coding (e.g., convolutional coding) in this round of disk storage, a larger T can be used. R2D_max Without forward error correction codes, the processing time of the first device is generally shorter, in which case a smaller T is used. R2D_max This reduces the waiting time of the second device for space-time domain resources and improves inventory efficiency.

[0138] In addition, during message transmission, the tag device (the first device) may support convolutional encoding after CRC verification of the message content to enhance transmission reliability; or it may disable convolutional encoding, which reduces transmission reliability but increases transmission efficiency.

[0139] When a tag device performs convolutional encoding after CRC verification, traditional convolutional encoders (such as those used in LTE) require initialization by filling the tail bits into the encoder's shift register. Therefore, encoding can only begin after the CRC verification is complete. CRC verification requires a relatively long waiting time.

[0140] However, if the tag device uses CRC check but does not perform convolutional encoding, then since CRC check is first-in-first-out, the bit output does not need to wait.

[0141] The aforementioned differences result in tag devices for T R2D_max The waiting time requirements differ. If T is mandatory under all circumstances... R2D_max If they are the same, it will lead to a waste of resources. Therefore, it is necessary to use different T values ​​for different encoding situations. R2D_max .

[0142] On another front, when tag devices use repetitive transmissions, frequency shifting, or FDMA transmissions, it may introduce additional preparation time, such as processing time and hardware conversion time. This may necessitate using different TL methods for different situations. R2D_max .

[0143] Message transmissions of varying load sizes may result in different processing times for the tag device. This could be due to differences in memory read / write times, processor processing times, and other factors. Therefore, different timeframes (T) are needed for message transmissions with different load sizes. R2D_max .

[0144] The type of content transmitted in D2R can affect the processing time of tag devices. Some message processing can lead to significant subsequent protocol processing, especially for low-power, low-complexity tag devices such as Ambient-IoT or Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Therefore, different processing times (T) are used for different message types. R2D_max .

[0145] It should be noted that the application of the above method is not limited to random access. In addition to inventory, the application scenarios currently considered by A-IoT also include command, sensor, positioning and other scenarios, which will have an R2D transmission followed by a D2R transmission. The above method is also applicable.

[0146] In embodiments of this disclosure, the D2R channel includes Msg1 or Msg3, and the R2D channel includes R2D transmission that triggers random access or Msg2.

[0147] In the embodiments disclosed herein, Msg1 is a first message (Message 1) sent by the first device to the second device, Msg2 is a second message (Message 2) sent by the second device to the first device, and Msg3 is a third message (Message 3) sent by the first device to the second device.

[0148] Figure 11A block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically illustrated;

[0149] like Figure 11 As shown, the network device 1100 of this embodiment includes a memory 1101 and a processor 1102.

[0150] Memory 1101 is used to store computer-readable instructions. Processor 1102 is used to execute the computer-readable instructions, causing the second device to perform the timing method described above.

[0151] Figure 12 A block diagram illustrating a computer program product according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0152] like Figure 12 As shown, a computer program product 1200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program 1201, which implements the timing method as described above when executed by a processor.

[0153] The above description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates a timing method, network device, communication device, and computer program product according to embodiments of the present disclosure. By setting a first time deviation for a first time length and a second time offset for a first reference time, the reference time and first time length of the first device are corrected to ensure that the earliest time the first device listens to Msg2 is earlier than the time Msg2 is sent. Simultaneously, a second time length is set to reduce the window time for the first device to listen to Msg2, ensuring that the first device can receive the complete Msg2 while also reducing the listening time.

[0154] The basic principles of this disclosure have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the scope of this disclosure to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0155] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems disclosed herein are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0156] Additionally, as used herein, the “or” used in a list of items beginning with “at least one” indicates a separate list, such that a list of, for example, “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, the word “exemplary” does not imply that the described example is preferred or better than other examples.

[0157] It should also be noted that in the systems and methods of this disclosure, the components or steps can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions to this disclosure.

[0158] Various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made to the technology described herein without departing from the teachings defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, the scope of the claims of this disclosure is not limited to the specific aspects of the processes, machines, manufactures, events, means, methods, and actions described above. Currently existing or later-developed processes, machines, manufactures, events, means, methods, or actions that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding aspects described above can be utilized. Therefore, the appended claims include such processes, machines, manufactures, events, means, methods, or actions within their scope.

[0159] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be carried out within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0160] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A timing method applied to a first device, characterized in that, The method includes: During a random access process triggered by a transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number X of time-domain resources used for Msg1 transmission is greater than 1, the first device anticipates that at the first reference time T... ref,1 Then, no earlier than a first time length T1', the transmission channel for Msg2 is received, wherein the first reference time T... ref,1 The first reference time T when X=1 ref Different, and / or the first time length T1' is different from the first time length T1 when X=1; or During the random access process triggered by the transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number X of time-domain resources for Msg1 is greater than 1, the first device expects to receive the transmission channel for Msg2 at the first reference time T. ref,1 Then, no later than the second time length T2', the second time length T2' is different from the second time length T2 when X=1; or During the random access process triggered by the transmission from the second device to the first device, when the number X of time-domain resources for Msg1 is greater than 1, the first device only detects the transmission channel for Msg2 within a first time window, the end time of which is determined by the first reference time T. ref,1 It is determined by the third time length T3.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: First reference time T ref,1 The end time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources, or the start time of the last time-domain resource among X Msg1 time-domain resources; and The first time length T1' is less than the first time length T1 when X=1.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, include, There is a first time deviation between the first time length T1' and the first time length T1 when X=1, and the first time deviation corresponds to the first time deviation amount.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: The second reference time is configured or predefined as the end time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources, or the start time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources; as well as First reference time T ref1 There is a second time offset from the second reference time, and the second time offset corresponds to a second time offset amount.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first time deviation and the second time offset are predefined or indicated by the second device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: First reference time T ref,1 The end time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources or the start time of the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources; as well as The first time length T1' is less than the fourth time length, wherein the fourth time length is the shortest time interval between the second device receiving the Msg1 and sending the Msg2.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: First reference time T ref,1 Send the end time of Msg1 to the first device, or send the end time of the time-domain resource selected by Msg1 to the first device; and The second time length T2' is greater than the second time length T2 when X=1.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second time length is predefined or indicated by the second device.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The device selected by the first device is the one whose Msg1 time domain resource is not the last time domain resource among the X Msg1 time domain resources.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When X=1, the first device expects to receive the transmission channel for Msg2 at the first reference time T. ref Then, no later than a fifth time period, wherein the first reference time T ref The third time length T3 is greater than the fifth time length, which is the end time for the first device to send Msg1.

11. A timing method applied to a first device, characterized in that, include: The transmission start time of the physical channel from the first device to the second device (device to reader, D2R channel) and the transmission end time interval of the physical channel from the second device to the first device (reader to device, R2D channel) received before the D2R channel satisfy [T]. R2D_min ,T R2D_max The T R2D_max The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for transmission on the D2R channel, and / or the T R2D_min The value of is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for transmission on the D2R channel.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, include: The D2R channel includes Msg1 or Msg3, and the R2D channel includes R2D transmission that triggers random access or Msg2.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the T R2D_max or the T mentioned R2D_min The value is determined at least based on the transmission parameters used for transmission through the D2R channel, characterized in that, The transmission parameters used in the D2R channel transmission include at least one of the following: Whether to use convolutional coding; Whether to use cyclic redundancy check (CRC); Should we use duplicate transmission? Should frequency shifting be applied? Whether to apply frequency division multiple access (FDMA); Whether it is the Msg1, Msg3 or other D2R transmission application Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA); The size of the load transmitted by D2R; The type of information transmitted by D2R.

14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, include: The T R2D_max There are more than one candidate value; and / or The T R2D_min There are more than one candidate value.

15. A network device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer-readable instructions; as well as A processor for executing the computer-readable instructions, causing the network device to perform the timing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When a computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the timing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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