Beam current collection and radiation shielding device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear technology, and provides a beam current collection and radiation shielding device, which comprises a beam current absorber, a cooling structure and a radiation shielding mechanism; the beam current absorber comprises an absorbing body and the cooling structure; the absorbing body is configured to receive an incident particle beam current and deposit beam current energy, and the cooling structure is configured to perform heat exchange and cooling on the absorbing body; the radiation shielding mechanism comprises a shielding body and a shielding piece; the shielding body is wrapped outside the absorbing body and is provided with a beam current channel corresponding to the position of the absorbing body, and the shielding piece is configured to move relative to the beam current channel and is used for opening the beam current channel in a first state and closing the beam current channel in a second state. In this way, the leakage path of induced radioactivity through the beam current channel in the beam stoppage stage can be blocked under the premise of guaranteeing normal beam incidence and energy dissipation in the accelerator operation stage, the surrounding radiation dose level in the shutdown maintenance and maintenance operation scene is reduced, the radiation safety of the operation and maintenance personnel is guaranteed, and the radiation protection performance of the device in the whole operation cycle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear technology, and in particular to a beam collection and radiation shielding device. Background Technology

[0002] Particle accelerators are large-scale scientific facilities for conducting cutting-edge nuclear physics research, material irradiation modification, radioactive isotope preparation, and biomedical applications. As the beam power and energy density of accelerators continue to increase, the residual particle beams generated during operation carry extremely high energy, which need to be received and dissipated by the beam collection device at the end of the beamline system.

[0003] Existing beam collection devices typically use an absorber as the beam-bearing component. The energy of the incident beam is dissipated through the interaction between the beam and the target material. During the process of the beam bombarding the absorber, a nuclear reaction is triggered, which not only produces a large amount of transient ionizing radiation such as neutrons and gamma, but also causes induced radioactivity in the material. Therefore, a shielding structure needs to be set on the outside of the absorber to ensure radiation safety.

[0004] However, actual research has found that in order to ensure the beam injection path, a through beam channel needs to be reserved in the shielding structure. After the accelerator stops firing, the induced radioactivity generated by the absorber will continue to release radiation. This part of the radiation can leak into the external environment through the beam channel, which may cause the environment around the device to still be at a high level of radiation dose. In operation scenarios such as accelerator shutdown maintenance and component maintenance, operators will be exposed to a strong radiation environment, which poses a radiation safety risk and makes it difficult to meet the radiation protection requirements for the entire operation cycle of the accelerator.

[0005] It should be noted that the above description is intended to facilitate understanding of the overall background of the present invention and should not be construed as an admission or implication in any way that the information is prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a beam collection and radiation shielding device that, while ensuring normal beam incidence and energy dissipation during accelerator operation, blocks the leakage path of induced radioactivity through the beam channel during beam shutdown, reduces the ambient radiation dose level in shutdown maintenance and repair scenarios, ensures the radiation safety of operation and maintenance personnel, and improves the radiation protection performance of the device throughout its entire operating cycle.

[0007] A beam collection and radiation shielding device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A beam absorber includes an absorber and a cooling structure; the absorber is configured to receive an incident particle beam and deposit beam energy, and the cooling structure is configured to cool the absorber by heat exchange. A radiation shielding mechanism includes a shielding body and a shielding component; the shielding body is wrapped around the absorber and has a beam channel corresponding to the position of the absorber; the shielding component is configured to move relative to the beam channel, for opening the beam channel in a first state and closing the beam channel in a second state.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the shield is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the beam channel, and is used to be embedded in the beam channel in the second state to seal the beam channel.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation shielding mechanism further includes: The driving structure has an output terminal connected to the shielding component, used to drive the shielding component to switch between the first state and the second state.

[0010] With this configuration, the drive structure can automatically switch the working state of the shielding components without requiring close-range manual operation by staff, thus improving radiation safety and maintenance efficiency during downtime.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shielding member is disposed within the shielding body and configured to move up and down relative to the beam channel.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the driving structure includes: An elevator, connected above the beam channel, is used to provide lifting driving force; One end of the cable is connected to the output end of the elevator, and the other end is connected to the shielding component.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling structure includes: A cooling chamber is enclosed within the shielding body and contains coolant; the absorber is disposed within the cooling chamber; the cooling chamber is provided with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The refrigeration cycle unit has its outlet connected to the coolant inlet and its inlet connected to the coolant outlet.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the absorber is suspended and supported in the cooling cavity, such that a gap is formed around the absorber between the outer periphery of the absorber and the inner wall of the cooling cavity for the flow of coolant.

[0015] With this configuration, after the coolant enters the cooling chamber, it can form an annular flow channel around the absorber along the gap, fully contacting and exchanging heat with the entire outer peripheral surface of the absorber, reducing local cooling blind spots, and ensuring balanced heat dissipation in all areas of the absorber. At the same time, the regular flow channel gaps can guide the coolant to flow in an orderly manner, improve the heat exchange effect, and further ensure that the absorber maintains a stable operating temperature under high-power beam irradiation.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the coolant contains an absorbent dissolved in it, the absorbent being used to absorb thermal neutrons in secondary radiation.

[0017] With this configuration, the absorbent dissolved in the coolant can interact with the secondary radiation generated by the beam bombarding the absorber, absorbing the thermal neutrons in the secondary radiation. This forms a liquid-phase neutron shielding layer in the cooling space around the absorber, which works in conjunction with the outer shielding to further reduce the leakage radiation and improve the radiation protection performance and operational safety of the device.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the coolant is configured as cooling water, and the absorbent is configured as sodium octaborate tetrahydrate.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are located diagonally opposite to each other in the cooling cavity along the beam direction, and the height of the coolant outlet is higher than that of the coolant inlet.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a first passage and a second passage are provided inside the shielding body; the liquid outlet of the refrigeration cycle unit is connected to the coolant inlet through the first passage, and the liquid inlet of the refrigeration cycle unit is connected to the coolant outlet through the second passage.

[0021] With this configuration, the coolant enters the cooling chamber from the lower coolant inlet, gradually fills the entire cooling chamber, and flows diagonally towards the higher coolant outlet. This effectively squeezes out the air inside the cooling chamber, reducing the gas space and extending the flow path of the coolant within the cooling chamber. It also increases the heat exchange contact time between the coolant and the absorber, which is beneficial for improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0022] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: During accelerator beam irradiation of the absorber, the shield is in its first state to open the beam channel. The incident particle beam irradiates the absorber through the beam channel. The absorber receives the beam and deposits the beam energy. At the same time, the cooling structure exchanges heat with the absorber to dissipate the heat generated by the beam deposition, ensuring the thermal stability of the absorber structure and enabling the device to maintain low-temperature operation under high heat load conditions. The transient ionizing radiation generated by the interaction between the beam and the absorber is attenuated and blocked by the shield wrapped around the absorber. During beam shutdown, the shield switches to its second state to close the beam channel, blocking the leakage path of induced radioactive radiation generated by the absorber to the outside through the beam channel, reducing the ambient radiation dose level in shutdown, maintenance, and repair scenarios.

[0023] Compared to related technologies, the beam collection and radiation shielding device provided in this invention, through a shielding component that can move relative to the beam channel, enables the switching between the conducting and closed states of the beam channel. Without affecting the normal beam incidence and energy dissipation during accelerator operation, it can effectively block the leakage channels of induced radiation during beam shutdown and maintenance, thereby reducing the residual radiation dose in the surrounding environment of the device, reducing the risk of operators being exposed to strong radiation environments during shutdown maintenance and component upkeep, improving the safety of device operation and maintenance, and meeting the radiation protection requirements of the entire operating cycle of the device.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not considered as limitations on this application. Moreover, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the beam collection and radiation shielding device provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the beam collection and radiation shielding device provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the absorption body and cooling cavity provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is the second schematic structural diagram of the combination of the absorber and the cooling cavity provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure label: 10. Beam absorber; 11. Absorber; 12. Cooling structure; 121. Cooling cavity; 122. Refrigeration cycle unit; 123. Coolant inlet; 124. Coolant outlet; 125. First passage; 126. Second passage; 20. Radiation shielding mechanism; 21. Shielding body; 211. Beam channel; 212. Sliding accommodating cavity; 22. Shielding component; 23. Drive structure; 231. Elevator; 232. Cable. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The specific terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. For example, expressions such as "same" and "identical" not only indicate a strictly identical state, but also indicate a state with tolerances or differences in the degree of functionality. For example, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "side by side," "perpendicular," "centered on," "concentric," or "coaxial" not only strictly indicate such an arrangement, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by tolerances or angles or distances with the same degree of functionality.

[0033] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, B1 and / or B2 can represent: B1 existing alone, B1 and B2 existing simultaneously, and B2 existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] To better understand the beam collection and radiation shielding device provided by this invention, we will first introduce its application background. The beam collection device is a key component of the particle accelerator system. It is usually arranged at the end of the beamline system and is mainly used to collect the residual beam generated by the accelerator.

[0037] Existing beam collection devices typically use an absorber as the beam-bearing component. The energy of the incident beam is dissipated through the interaction between the beam and the target material. During the process of the beam bombarding the absorber, a nuclear reaction is triggered, which not only produces a large amount of transient ionizing radiation such as neutrons and gamma, but also causes induced radioactivity in the material. Therefore, a shielding structure needs to be set on the outside of the absorber to ensure radiation safety.

[0038] However, actual research has found that in order to ensure the beam injection path, a through beam channel needs to be reserved in the shielding structure. After the accelerator stops firing, the induced radioactivity generated by the absorber will continue to release radiation. This part of the radiation can leak into the external environment through the beam channel, which may cause the environment around the device to still be at a high level of radiation dose. In operation scenarios such as accelerator shutdown maintenance and component maintenance, operators will be exposed to a strong radiation environment, which poses a radiation safety risk and makes it difficult to meet the radiation protection requirements for the entire operation cycle of the accelerator.

[0039] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a beam collection and radiation shielding device that can block the leakage path of induced radioactivity through the beam channel during the beam shutdown phase, while ensuring normal beam incidence and energy dissipation during accelerator operation. This reduces the ambient radiation dose level in shutdown maintenance and repair scenarios, ensures the radiation safety of operation and maintenance personnel, and improves the radiation protection performance of the device throughout its entire operating cycle.

[0040] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 The present invention describes a beam collection and radiation shielding device.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A beam collection and radiation shielding device includes a beam absorber 10 and a radiation shielding mechanism 20. The beam absorber 10 includes an absorber 11 and a cooling structure 12. The absorber 11 is configured to receive incident particle beams and deposit beam energy, and the cooling structure 12 is configured to exchange heat and cool the absorber 11. The radiation shielding mechanism 20 includes a shield 21 and a shield 22. The shield 21 is wrapped around the absorber 11 and has a beam channel 211 corresponding to the position of the absorber 11. The shield 22 is configured to move relative to the beam channel 211 and is used to open the beam channel 211 in a first state and close the beam channel 211 in a second state.

[0042] In a practical application scenario, during the accelerator beam irradiation of the absorber 11, the shield 22 is in the first state to open the beam channel 211. The incident particle beam irradiates the absorber 11 through the beam channel 211. The absorber 11 receives the beam and deposits the beam energy. At the same time, the cooling structure 12 exchanges heat with the absorber 11 to remove the heat generated by the beam deposition, ensuring the structural thermal stability of the absorber 11 and enabling the device to maintain low-temperature operation under high heat load conditions. The transient ionizing radiation generated by the interaction between the beam and the absorber 11 is attenuated and blocked by the shield 21 wrapped around the absorber 11. During beam shutdown, the shield 22 switches to the second state to close the beam channel 211, blocking the leakage path of the induced radioactive radiation generated by the absorber 11 to the outside through the beam channel 211, reducing the ambient radiation dose level in shutdown maintenance and repair scenarios.

[0043] Compared to related technologies, the beam collection and radiation shielding device provided in this embodiment of the invention, through a shielding component 22 that can move relative to the beam channel 211, realizes the switching between the conducting and closed states of the beam channel 211. Without affecting the normal beam incidence and energy dissipation during accelerator operation, it can effectively block the leakage channels of induced radiation during beam shutdown and maintenance, thereby reducing the residual radiation dose in the surrounding environment of the device, reducing the risk of operators being exposed to strong radiation environments during shutdown maintenance and component upkeep, improving the safety of device operation and maintenance, and meeting the radiation protection requirements of the entire operating cycle of the device.

[0044] It should be noted that the specific shape, material, size and other parameters of each component of this beam collection and radiation shielding device can be adapted to the accelerator’s beam power, energy level, heat load level, radiation protection index and on-site installation conditions, and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0045] It should also be noted that the materials of the shielding body 21 and the shielding component 22 can be the same or different, as long as they can meet the designed radiation shielding requirements, attenuate the transient ionizing radiation generated by the beam current and the induced radioactive radiation during the beam stop phase.

[0046] In one example of the present invention, the shape of the shield 22 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the beam channel 211, and is used to be embedded in the beam channel 211 in the second state to seal the beam channel 211.

[0047] With this configuration, the shielding component 22 can form a tight fit with the inner wall of the beam channel 211 through embedded sealing, ensuring the sealing effect of the shielding component 22 on the beam channel 211, while improving the structural stability of the shielding component 22 in the sealed state, and ensuring the stable and reliable shielding effect.

[0048] Furthermore, the shielding component 22 is disposed inside the shielding body 21 and its direction of movement is perpendicular to the extension direction of the beam channel 211, in order to reduce the axial length of the device and improve the structural compactness and space utilization of the device.

[0049] In detail, a sliding accommodating cavity 212 for accommodating the shielding member 22 can be provided inside the shielding body 21. The sliding accommodating cavity 212 is connected to the beam channel 211, and the extension direction of the sliding accommodating cavity 212 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the beam channel 211. The shielding member 22 is disposed in the sliding accommodating cavity 212 and can reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the sliding accommodating cavity 212. During the accelerator beam irradiation absorber 11, the shielding member 22 is located in the sliding accommodating cavity 212, thereby offset from the beam channel 211 to open the beam channel 211. During the beam stop period, the shielding member 22 is inserted into the beam channel 211 along the sliding accommodating cavity 212, thereby sealing the beam channel 211 and preventing the leakage of induced radioactive radiation to the outside.

[0050] In one example of the present invention, the radiation shielding mechanism 20 further includes a driving structure 23; the output end of the driving structure 23 is connected to the shielding member 22 and is used to drive the shielding member 22 to switch between a first state and a second state.

[0051] With this configuration, during the accelerator beam irradiation of the absorber 11, the drive structure 23 can drive the shield 22 into the sliding accommodating cavity 212, so that the shield 22 avoids the beam channel 211. During the beam stop, the drive structure 23 can drive the shield 22 into the beam channel 211, blocking the leakage path of the induced radiation from the absorber 11. The automatic switching of the working state can be achieved by the drive structure 23 driving the shield 22, without the need for close-range manual operation by personnel, which improves radiation safety and operation and maintenance efficiency during the shutdown and maintenance phase.

[0052] It is understandable that the drive structure 23 can be configured as any form of linear drive element according to actual needs, such as lifting traction mechanism, electric push rod, hydraulic drive cylinder, pneumatic drive cylinder, screw transmission mechanism, etc.

[0053] In one example of the present invention, the shield 22 can move up and down relative to the beam channel 211; the drive structure 23 includes a lift 231 and a cable 232; wherein the lift 231 is located above the beam channel 211 and can be fixedly connected to the shield 21 to provide lifting driving force; one end of the cable 232 is connected to the output end of the lift 231 and the other end is connected to the shield 22.

[0054] With this configuration, in the first state, the elevator 231 winds up the cable 232, which pulls the shield 22 vertically upward, causing the shield 22 to rise and detach from the beam channel 211, allowing the beam channel 211 to be open for the incident particle beam to pass through. In the second state, the elevator 231 releases the cable 232, and the shield 22 falls vertically downward to reset, embedding itself into the beam channel 211 to seal it and block the leakage path of induced radioactive radiation.

[0055] It should be noted that the specific structure of the elevator 231 can refer to the existing electric winch hoist, which uses a motor to drive the winch to rotate and realize the winding and unwinding of the cable 232.

[0056] In one example of the present invention, the cooling structure 12 includes a cooling cavity 121 and a refrigeration cycle unit 122; wherein, the cooling cavity 121 is enclosed in a shield 21 and contains coolant, an absorber 11 is disposed in the cooling cavity 121, and the cooling cavity 121 is provided with a coolant inlet 123 and a coolant outlet 124; the outlet of the refrigeration cycle unit 122 is connected to the coolant inlet 123, and the inlet is connected to the coolant outlet 124.

[0057] In detail, the refrigeration cycle unit 122 drives the coolant to form a closed loop between the cooling chamber 121 and the refrigeration cycle unit 122. The low-temperature coolant is injected into the cooling chamber 121 through the coolant inlet 123 and directly contacts the absorber 11 in the cooling chamber 121 for heat exchange, dissipating the heat generated by the energy deposition of the beam in the absorber 11. After heat exchange, the coolant flows out through the coolant outlet 124 and flows back to the refrigeration cycle unit 122 for cooling, and then is sent back to the cooling chamber 121 to participate in heat exchange, so that the absorber 11 can always maintain low-temperature operation under high heat load conditions.

[0058] It is understandable that by immersing the absorber 11 in the coolant, the contact area between the two can be increased, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved, and the problems of high temperature deformation and melting damage caused by continuous heat accumulation in the absorber 11 can be reduced, thus ensuring the structural stability and reliability of the device during long-term operation.

[0059] In detail, the coolant can be configured as cooling water, and the refrigeration cycle unit 122 can be configured as an existing chiller; the shield 21 has a first passage 125 and a second passage 126. The outlet of the refrigeration cycle unit 122 is connected to the coolant inlet 123 through the first passage 125, and the inlet of the refrigeration cycle unit 122 is connected to the coolant outlet 124 through the second passage 126. In this way, the shield 21 can cover and protect the first passage 125 and the second passage 126, thereby improving radiation safety.

[0060] To elaborate further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The absorber 11 is suspended and supported inside the cooling cavity 121, so that a gap is formed around the absorber 11 between the outer periphery of the absorber 11 and the inner wall of the cooling cavity 121 for the flow of coolant.

[0061] With this configuration, after the coolant enters the cooling chamber 121, it can form an annular flow channel around the absorber 11 along the aforementioned gap, fully contacting and exchanging heat with the entire outer peripheral surface of the absorber 11, reducing local cooling blind spots, and ensuring balanced heat dissipation in all areas of the absorber 11; at the same time, the regular flow channel gaps can guide the coolant to flow in an orderly manner, improve the heat exchange effect, and further ensure that the absorber 11 maintains a stable operating temperature under high-power beam irradiation.

[0062] It is understandable that the absorber 11 can be suspended and supported in the cooling chamber 121 by means of pillars or hangers, and the specific choice can be made according to actual needs, without specific restrictions here.

[0063] Furthermore, the coolant inlet 123 and coolant outlet 124 are located diagonally opposite each other along the beam direction of the cooling cavity 121, and the height of the coolant outlet 124 is higher than that of the coolant inlet 123. After the low-temperature coolant enters the cooling cavity 121 from the lower coolant inlet 123, it gradually fills the entire cooling cavity 121 and flows diagonally towards the higher coolant outlet 124, thereby fully compressing and expelling the air in the cooling cavity 121, reducing the gas space, and extending the flow channel length of the coolant in the cooling cavity 121, increasing the heat exchange contact time between the coolant and the absorber 11, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0064] Furthermore, the coolant contains dissolved absorbent, which is used to absorb thermal neutrons in secondary radiation.

[0065] While the coolant circulates and dissipates heat within the cooling chamber 121, the absorbent dissolved in the coolant interacts with the secondary radiation generated by the beam bombardment of the absorber 11, absorbing the thermal neutrons in the secondary radiation. This forms a liquid-phase neutron shielding layer in the cooling space surrounding the absorber 11, which, in conjunction with the outer shielding body 21, further reduces the leakage radiation and improves the radiation protection performance and operational safety of the device.

[0066] In detail, the absorbent is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, which has high solubility in water. Its boron element is used to absorb thermal neutrons in secondary radiation, and works synergistically with the outer shield 21 to improve the overall radiation protection level of the device. At the same time, the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate solution has antibacterial properties and can be used as a bactericide for the cooling chamber 121, the coolant channel and the refrigeration cycle unit 122, thereby improving the long-term reliability and maintenance economy of the device.

[0067] The beam collection and radiation shielding device provided in this embodiment of the invention, through a shielding component 22 that can move relative to the beam channel 211, realizes the switching between the conducting and closed states of the beam channel 211. Without affecting the normal beam incidence and energy dissipation during accelerator operation, it can effectively block the leakage channels of induced radiation during beam shutdown and maintenance, thereby reducing the residual radiation dose in the surrounding environment of the device, reducing the risk of operators being exposed to strong radiation environments during shutdown maintenance and component upkeep, improving the safety of device operation and maintenance, and meeting the radiation protection requirements of the entire operating cycle of the device.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beam collection and radiation shielding device, characterized in that, include: A beam absorber (10) includes an absorber (11) and a cooling structure (12); the absorber (11) is configured to receive an incident particle beam and deposit beam energy, and the cooling structure (12) is configured to exchange heat and cool the absorber (11). The radiation shielding mechanism (20) includes a shielding body (21) and a shielding element (22); the shielding body (21) is wrapped around the absorber (11) and has a beam channel (211) corresponding to the position of the absorber (11); the shielding element (22) is configured to move relative to the beam channel (211) and is used to open the beam channel (211) in a first state and close the beam channel (211) in a second state. The cooling structure (12) includes a cooling cavity (121) containing a coolant. The absorber (11) is suspended and supported within the cooling cavity (121), such that a gap is formed between the outer periphery of the absorber (11) and the inner wall of the cooling cavity (121) for the coolant to flow through. The coolant contains an absorbent, which is used to absorb thermal neutrons in secondary radiation, so that the coolant forms a liquid-phase neutron shielding layer around the absorber (11).

2. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the shield (22) is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the beam channel (211) and is used to be embedded in the beam channel (211) in the second state to seal the beam channel (211).

3. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiation shielding mechanism (20) also includes: The drive structure (23) has its output end connected to the shield (22) and is used to drive the shield (22) to switch between the first state and the second state.

4. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shield (22) is disposed within the shield (21) and configured to move up and down relative to the beam channel (211).

5. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driving structure (23) includes: An elevator (231) is connected above the beam channel (211) to provide lifting driving force; The cable (232) is connected at one end to the output end of the elevator (231) and at the other end to the shield (22).

6. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cooling chamber (121) is provided with a coolant inlet (123) and a coolant outlet (124); the cooling structure (12) further includes: The refrigeration cycle unit (122) has its outlet connected to the coolant inlet (123) and its inlet connected to the coolant outlet (124).

7. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant is configured as cooling water, and the absorbent is configured as sodium octaborate tetrahydrate.

8. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coolant inlet (123) and the coolant outlet (124) are located diagonally opposite to each other in the direction of the beam in the cooling cavity (121), and the height of the coolant outlet (124) is higher than that of the coolant inlet (123).

9. The beam collection and radiation shielding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shield (21) has a first passage (125) and a second passage (126) inside; the liquid outlet of the refrigeration cycle unit (122) is connected to the coolant inlet (123) through the first passage (125), and the liquid inlet of the refrigeration cycle unit (122) is connected to the coolant outlet (124) through the second passage (126).

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