Weighing system with weighing cells
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202580018125.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-02-29
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
AI Technical Summary
然而,在高精度测量系统中假设方向将引起不可容忍的误差
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Figure CN122847622A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a weighing system having a weighing unit extending in the longitudinal direction, as described in the introduction of claim 1. Specifically, this invention relates to elongation measurement, specifically to the field of mechanical engineering that focuses on solving problems related to measuring force via the elongation of a mechanical structure based on elasticity theory. Background Technology
[0002] Measurement systems with weighing units of this type have long been used to measure forces and loads. These weighing units typically employ an elastic structure that is stretched, compressed, or bent by forces applied to it. Strain sensors, such as wire or semiconductor strain gauges, are used to measure the tension, compression, or bending caused by the forces.
[0003] Some well-known weighing units have visible or hidden shapes, such as “S-shaped,” “plate-shaped,” or “Roberval balance (hollow bar)” geometries. These geometries are used to compensate for off-axis loads and provide high deformation zones, for example, where strain gauges can be attached.
[0004] Robwell balances use a parallelogram mechanism to eliminate horizontal deviations in load that would affect the measurement when using simple levers.
[0005] US 4454770A discloses a weighing unit having a parallelogram configuration, comprising a pair of spaced-apart, generally parallel force-absorbing elements connected to each other by cantilever beams and parallel spacer beams. The cantilever beams project vertically from one of the force-absorbing elements, and their ends are attached to the other beam via bent joints.
[0006] DE 2917169 A1 relates to a weighing unit that uses strain gauge operation to determine weight and force, and more particularly to a load unit having a parallelogram construction in which any axial load on the sensing arm is avoided, and the common surface of the sensing arm is subjected to equal tensile and compressive loads by means of a bending element that transmits the load.
[0007] US 6324918 B1 discloses a sensor with a flexible support having a rectangular cross-section and rigid solid end blocks at both ends for securing the sensor in a tester. A beam has two symmetrically shaped through slots cut perpendicular to each other, such that they partially intersect within the beam body. Each slot has a notch wider than the slot at its opposite ends, such that the distance from the inner wall of the notch to the outer surface of the support is shorter than the distance from that surface to the inner wall of the slot. Strain gauges are attached at the ends of the beam to mutually perpendicular surfaces; the strain gauges are flexible in the direction of the force to be measured and rigid in the perpendicular direction.
[0008] US 4128001 A relates to a parallel beam weighing unit in which the sensitivity to changes in lateral load positioning is reduced by altering the shape of one of the beams near the strain gauge element, thereby changing the beam's neutral axis relative to the strain gauge element. Sensitivity to load positioning in the longitudinal direction is reduced by changing the cross-sectional area of one of the beams adjacent to the strain gauge element.
[0009] US 4718287 A discloses a force measuring device having a parallelepiped block, the height of which is greater than its width and has an opening in its width direction to form a parallelogram.
[0010] US 2003097887 A1 relates to a weighing unit with overload protection, wherein a central cantilever is provided between measuring beams in the weighing unit structure and the central cantilever is limited by a slot with a narrow gap width. If an excessive load is applied, the weighing unit structure deforms and contacts the cantilever to transfer the load to the cantilever.
[0011] US 4655305 A relates to an apparatus for detecting loads on a platform, the apparatus having an integrated sensor block consisting of two cantilever arms, one end of which is attached to a fixed support and the opposite ends of which support the platform. A beam is divided into an upper segment and a lower segment, each segment having two bending elements spaced apart along the length of the beam segment. The bending joints on the lower beam segment are spaced apart from each other by a greater distance than the bending joints in the upper beam segment. A strain gauge resistive element is connected to the outer surface of the upper portion at the bending point.
[0012] In known elongation measurement solutions, strain gauges are typically used as force sensors that estimate the magnitude of the force rather than its direction. To overcome this limitation, mechanical structures specifically developed for force measurement via the elongation method (so-called force-measuring units or weighing units) often have specific geometries to ensure the known direction of the measured force.
[0013] Therefore, when using a weighing unit, the direction of the force is assumed to be given and does not need to be measured. However, assuming direction in a high-precision measurement system will introduce intolerable errors. Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a measurement system with an optimized weighing unit geometry. Summary of the Invention
[0014] This objective is achieved by a weighing system having a weighing unit according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
[0015] The present invention relates to a weighing system having a weighing unit extending in a longitudinal direction and at least a portion of the weighing unit being elastically deformable, wherein the weighing unit has means for attaching a unit at a first end and means for accommodating a test object at an opposing second end in the longitudinal direction.
[0016] According to the invention, the weighing unit has a set of first bending elements (A, B, C, D), at least one second bending element (E) disposed in a region at a second end, and at least one third bending element (F) disposed between one of the first bending elements (A, B, C, D) and the second bending element (E), the at least one third bending element being used to cause the portion of the weighing unit adjacent to the specific bending element (A, B, C, D, E, F) to undergo flexural elastic deformation.
[0017] The first bending element (D) is arranged at the second end of the weighing unit, and the corresponding distances (AB, AD, BC, CD) between bending elements (A) and (B), between bending elements (B) and (C), between bending elements (A) and (D), and between bending elements (C) and (D) are substantially equal in length.
[0018] The second bending element (E) is flexibly and elastically connected to each of the bending elements (A) and (C), and the corresponding distances (EA, EC) between the second bending element (E) and the bending elements (A) and (C) are substantially equal.
[0019] The third bending element (F) is flexibly and elastically connected to the second bending element (E) and also to the first bending element (B).
[0020] Therefore, the present invention relates to the detection of force and weight of a test object, and more particularly to a torque-insensitive weighing unit having a bending element.
[0021] According to the present invention, the novel geometry only allows the bending element and the weighing unit to undergo vertical displacement or movement as a whole.
[0022] Therefore, the weighing unit consists of a series of curved elements that connect the different parts of the weighing unit to each other. The geometric dimensions of these parts, such as their lengths, are determined by the distances between the corresponding curved elements arranged on these parts. The curved elements are arranged in the advantageous form specified above, for example, in a parallelogram configuration of these parts.
[0023] The means for attaching a weighing unit at its first end is for attaching the bending element (E) or the portion of the weighing unit located between the bending element (E) and (F) to, for example, a support of the weighing unit.
[0024] The device for accommodating the test object at the second end opposite the weighing unit in the longitudinal direction is used to accommodate the test object, specifically by connecting the test object to the weighing unit via a bending element (D). Furthermore, this structure facilitates the attachment of the portion of the weighing unit that needs to move in a straight line.
[0025] This measurement system, equipped with a weighing unit, measures forces and loads on a test object because the elastic structure of the weighing unit is stretched, compressed, or bent by forces applied to it. Forces are introduced into the weighing unit through the arranged test object. Strain sensors can be used to measure the tension, compression, or bending caused by these forces.
[0026] According to a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first bending elements (A, B, C, D) are arranged in a generally parallelogram-like form in the unloaded basic positioning of the weighing unit of the weighing system.
[0027] Specifically, it is advantageous for the body to have portions that are connected to each other by bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) for flexible movement, wherein at least one recess is provided between at least two portions. This results in a particularly lightweight and flexible construction. The body can also be manufactured as a single piece, eliminating the need for time-consuming assembly of individual parts.
[0028] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) are designed as flexible thin-walled sections between two parts to be connected in the body, specifically designed as membrane hinges or joints.
[0029] According to this implementation scheme, the desired flexibility of the weighing unit can be achieved very simply. This is because thin-walled sections of bending elements can be formed between these parts during manufacturing. These thin-walled sections (i.e., bending elements) are capable of elastic deformation, while the parts connected to each other by the bending elements are not (significantly) deformable because they have a greater wall thickness than the bending elements. In this way, the desired movement or bending of the weighing unit is achieved.
[0030] According to a variation of the invention, the weighing unit is substantially axially symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), thereby simplifying the overall design and also advantageously affecting manufacturing costs.
[0031] Specifically, this ensures that the first bending elements (B) and (D) are each arranged approximately on the longitudinal axis (L) of the weighing unit, and / or that the first bending elements (A) and (C) are each arranged at approximately the same distance from the longitudinal axis.
[0032] According to a further development of the invention, the corresponding distances (EA, EC) between the second bending element (E) and the bending elements (A) and (C) are greater than the distances (AB, AD, BC, CD) between the first bending elements (A, B, C and D).
[0033] It can be envisioned that the distance (EF) between the second bending element (E) and the third bending element (F) in the first group is approximately the same as the distance (BF) between the bending element (B) and the third bending element (F). In general, this allows for the manufacture of the weighing unit in a particularly space-saving manner, which is substantially axisymmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis (L) and also implements the Peaucelier-Lipkin linkage as described below.
[0034] Two bending elements (A) and (D) and / or two bending elements (C) and (D) and / or two bending elements (B) and (F) and / or two bending elements (F) and (E) and / or two bending elements (C) and (E) and / or two bending elements (A) and (E) may each be connected by a substantially rhomboid portion of the body (1), which optimally affects the distribution or transmission of force caused by the test object.
[0035] Specifically, the weighing unit may have at least three recesses arranged between the generally rhomboid portions of the main body. This results in a particularly lightweight and flexible construction.
[0036] One embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous, wherein another fastening device (8) for attaching the body is arranged between the first end (2) of the body (1) and the third bending element (F). In this way, the stability and measurement accuracy of the weighing unit are improved.
[0037] To secure at least one strain gauge used to measure tension, compression, or bending caused by force, at least one flat section may be formed on at least a third bending element (F). A flat section is understood as an area in which a strain gauge can be arranged. Specifically, strain sensors such as foil, wire, or semiconductor strain gauges may be used.
[0038] It is also conceivable to provide flat sections on other bending elements to accommodate strain gauges.
[0039] One embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous, wherein the weighing unit is substantially plate-shaped and / or formed as a single unit. This further optimizes the manufacture of the weighing unit.
[0040] According to an advantageous variation of the invention, the weighing unit having bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) is designed in the manner of a Posellier-Lipkin linkage. In this case, bending element (D) describes vertical linear displacement, while bending element (B) rotates.
[0041] A Bocelli inverter is a connecting gear used to convert circular motion into linear motion and vice versa. Based on the inversion of a circle, the Bocelli inverter has the property of transforming a circle passing through the center of inversion into a straight line. Due to this property, the Bocelli inverter can also be used to construct image points under inversion. Lipman Lipkin independently discovered the same mechanism as Bocelli (see Wikipedia.org).
[0042] Particularly advantageously, the device for accommodating the test object may have clamps, threaded connections and / or adhesive / welded and / or magnetic connections.
[0043] The test object can be the back plate of the brake block or friction block. Attached Figure Description
[0044] Other objects, advantages, features, and possibilities of use of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. All described and / or illustrated features, either alone or in any meaningful combination, form the subject matter of the invention, even independently of their inventive content in the claims or their cross-references.
[0045] In this respect, partly illustratively: Figure 1 This is a side view of a weighing system with a weighing unit. Figure 2 It is based on Figure 1 A perspective view of the weighing system. Figure 3 It is based on the presence of strain gauges. Figure 1 Another perspective view of the weighing system, and Figure 4 It is based on having a test object Figure 1 Side view of the weighing system. Detailed Implementation
[0046] In the accompanying drawings shown below, for the purpose of improving readability, the same or equivalent parts are given reference numerals according to the embodiments.
[0047] This invention relates to the detection of force and weight of a test object, and more particularly to a torque-insensitive weighing system 10 having a weighing unit 1 with bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) arranged in a special geometry. This allows only vertical displacement of the portions of the weighing unit 1, thereby significantly improving measurement accuracy.
[0048] The weighing unit 1 consists of a series of curved elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) that connect the different parts of the weighing unit 1 to each other.
[0049] Figure 1 A weighing system 10 is shown having a weighing unit 1 extending in the longitudinal direction (L), and at least a portion of the weighing unit is elastically deformable. The weighing unit 1 has a means 3 for attaching the unit 1 at a first end 2, and a means 5 for receiving a test object 6 at an opposite second end 4 in the longitudinal direction (L).
[0050] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The weighing system 10 with weighing unit 1 is shown in side view and perspective view.
[0051] Figure 3 A weighing system 10 with a strain gauge 11 is shown, and Figure 4 The weighing system 10 on which the test object 6 is arranged is shown.
[0052] Figures 1 to 4 It is also shown that the weighing unit 1 is essentially plate-shaped and, in this example, is formed as a single piece.
[0053] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the weighing unit 1 has a set of first bending elements (A, B, C, D), at least one second bending element (E) arranged in the region of the second end 2, and at least one third bending element (F) arranged between one of the first bending elements (A, B, C, D) and the second bending element (E), the at least one third bending element being used to cause the portion of the weighing unit 1 adjacent to the specific bending element (A, B, C, D, E, F) to undergo flexural elastic deformation.
[0054] The first bending element (D) is arranged at the second end 4 of the weighing unit 1.
[0055] The corresponding distances (AB, AD, BC, CD) between bending elements (A) and (B), between bending elements (B) and (C), between bending elements (A) and (D), and between bending elements (C) and (D) are substantially equal in length. Figures 1 to 4 As shown.
[0056] The second bending element (E) is flexibly and elastically connected to the bending elements (A) and (C), and the corresponding distances (EA, EC) between the second bending element (E) and the bending elements (A) and (C) are substantially equal (see [link]). Figures 1 to 4 ).
[0057] The third bending element (F) is flexibly connected to the second bending element (E) and also to the first bending element (B) (see...). Figures 1 to 4 ).
[0058] As further shown in the figure, the first bending elements (A, B, C, D) are arranged relative to each other in a generally parallelogram-like form in the unloaded basic positioning of the weighing unit 1 of the weighing system 10.
[0059] The weighing unit 1 has portions connected to each other by bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) for flexible movement. In this case, at least one recess 7 is provided between at least two portions.
[0060] like Figures 1 to 4 As further shown, the bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) are designed as flexible thin-walled sections between the two parts to be connected in the weighing unit 1, in this case designed as membrane hinges or joints. Due to the relatively small wall thickness compared to the wall thickness of the parts of the weighing unit 1 connected by the bending elements, the measuring unit 1 bends at designated thin-walled points, such that the force introduced by the test object is transferred to certain areas or points due to the designated geometry of the measuring unit.
[0061] It can also be seen that the weighing unit 1 is basically axially symmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis (L) of the weighing unit 1.
[0062] In this exemplary embodiment, the first bending elements (B) and (D) and the first bending elements (A) and (C) are each arranged at approximately the same distance from the longitudinal axis (L).
[0063] The corresponding distances (EA, EC) between the second bending element (E) and the bending elements (A) and (C) are greater than the distances (AB, AD, BC, CD) between the first bending elements (A, B, C and D).
[0064] The distance (EF) between the second bending element (E) and the third bending element (F) is approximately the same as the distance (BF) between the bending element (B) and the third bending element (F) in the first group.
[0065] In this exemplary embodiment, two bending elements (A) and (D), two bending elements (C) and (D), two bending elements (B) and (F), two bending elements (F) and (E), two bending elements (C) and (E), and two bending elements (A) and (E) are each connected by a substantially rhomboid portion of the body (1) (see See Figures 1 to 4 ).
[0066] As also shown in the figure, the weighing unit 1 has at least three recesses 7 arranged between the generally rhomboid portions of the weighing unit 1. The portions between the bending elements are rhomboid to make them as rigid as possible and not deformable.
[0067] Figure 3 and Figure 4 An embodiment of the weighing system 10 is shown, wherein a flat section 9 is formed on a third bending element (F), and a strain gauge 11 is arranged on the flat section.
[0068] The device 5 for accommodating the test object 6 may have holes for, for example, clamping, threaded connection and / or bonding / welding and / or magnetic connection. Figure 4 An embodiment of test object 6 is shown, schematically representing the test object 6. Test object 6 may be the back plate of a brake block or a friction block.
[0069] Figure 4 The arrow with reference numeral 12 in the figure also indicates the direction in which the load acts on the measuring unit 1 during measurement, or the direction in which the force is introduced into the measuring unit 1.
[0070] like Figures 1 to 4 As further shown, in the current configuration, another fastening device 8 for attaching the weighing unit 1 is arranged between the first end 2 of the weighing unit 1 and the third bending element (F). In this way, the weighing unit 1 can be fastened not only to the end 2 of the weighing unit 1 using the device 3, but also to the additional fastening device 8 for achieving additional stability. For example, the weighing unit 1 can be attached by a threaded connection; other fastening devices 3 and 8 are also conceivable.
[0071] After the load 12 is applied to the measuring unit 1, that is, after the test object 6 is attached to the weighing unit 1 and a force is thus induced, the weighing unit 1 moves, specifically deforms. Due to the structure of the weighing unit 1, this movement occurs almost exclusively in the vertical direction, i.e., downwards.
[0072] In other words, the measuring system 10, which has a weighing unit 1, measures the force and load on the test object 6, because the elastic structure of the weighing unit 1 is stretched, compressed, or bent by the force applied to it. The force is introduced into the weighing unit 1 through the arranged test object 6. The tension, compression, or bending caused by the force can be measured using a strain sensor (specifically, a strain gauge 11) (see [reference]). Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).
[0073] Specifically, the portion of the weighing unit 1 connected to the bending element (B) describes the rotation or bending around the bending element (F), as this is the area of the weighing unit 1 with the highest deformation. Therefore, in the exemplary embodiment shown here, a flat section 9 (see [reference needed]) is provided in the area of the bending element (F) on which the strain gauge 11 is arranged. Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).
[0074] Distances (AB), (BC), (CD), and (DA) have the same linear dimensions, and distances (CG) and (AG) are equal to each other. Due to these geometric dimensions, the bending element (D) moves vertically in an almost perfect straight line.
[0075] The design shown is conceptualized for manufacture via electrical discharge machining (EDM), a common technique capable of forming very small radii between edges according to part requirements. Parts manufactured via EDM are known to have a radius of approximately 0.025 mm. The plate-shaped weighing unit 1 in this example may have a length of approximately 114 mm, a width of approximately 50 mm, and a height of approximately 6 mm. In this example, the hole for attaching the test object 6 or the weighing unit 1 has a diameter of 3 mm for use with an M3 screw; the radius between the edges is 0.025 mm.
[0076] Weighing unit 1 may be made of aluminum.
[0077] List of reference numerals
[0078] 1 Weighing unit
[0079] 2. The first end of the weighing unit
[0080] 3 devices
[0081] 4. The second end of the weighing unit
[0082] 5 devices
[0083] 6 Test Objects
[0084] 7. Depression
[0085] 8. Additional fastening device
[0086] 9. Flat Section
[0087] 10 Weighing System
[0088] 11 Strain gauge
[0089] 12 Loads
[0090] L (vertical direction)
[0091] A, B, C, D First bending element
[0092] E Second bending element
[0093] F Third Bending Element
[0094] Distance between AB and AD
[0095] BC and CD distances
[0096] EA, EC distance
[0097] EF and FB distances.
Claims
1. A weighing system (10) having a weighing unit (1) extending in a longitudinal direction (L) and at least a portion of the weighing unit being elastically deformable, wherein the weighing unit (1) has a means (3) for attaching the unit (1) at a first end (2) and a means (5) for receiving a test object (6) at an opposing second end (4) in the longitudinal direction (L), characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) has a set of first bending elements (A, B, C, D), at least one second bending element (E) disposed in a region of the second end (2), and at least one third bending element (F) disposed between one of the first bending elements (A, B, C, D) and the second bending element (E), the at least one third bending element being used to cause flexural elastic deformation of the portion of the weighing unit (1) adjacent to the specific bending element (A, B, C, D, E, F), wherein the first bending element (D) is disposed at the second end (4) of the weighing unit (1) and the bending element (A, B, C, D, E, F) is disposed at the second end (4) of the weighing unit (1). The corresponding distances (AB, AD, BC, CD) between (B), between (B) and (C), between (A) and (D), and between (C) and (D) are substantially equal in length, wherein the second bending element (E) is flexibly connected to each of the bending elements (A) and (C), and the corresponding distances (EA, EC) between the second bending element (E) and the bending elements (A) and (C) are substantially equal, wherein the third bending element (F) is flexibly connected to the second bending element (E) and also connected to the first bending element (B).
2. The weighing system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first bending elements (A, B, C, D) are arranged in a generally parallelogram-like form in the unloaded basic positioning of the weighing unit (1) of the weighing system (10).
3. The weighing system (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) has portions connected to each other by bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) for flexible movement, specifically wherein at least one recess (7) is provided between at least two portions.
4. The weighing system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) are designed as flexible thin-walled sections between two parts to be connected in the weighing unit (1), specifically as membrane hinges or joints.
5. The weighing system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) is substantially axially symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis (L).
6. The weighing system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first bending elements (B) and (D) are each arranged approximately on the longitudinal axis (L) of the weighing unit (1), and / or the first bending elements (A) and (C) are each arranged at approximately the same distance from the longitudinal axis (L).
7. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The corresponding distances (EA, EC) between the second bending element (E) and the bending elements (A) and (C) are greater than the distances (AB, AD, BC, CD) between the first bending elements (A, B, C and D).
8. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The distance (EF) between the second bending element (E) and the third bending element (F) is approximately the same as the distance (BF) between the bending element (B) and the third bending element (F) in the first group.
9. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Two bending elements (A) and (D) and / or two bending elements (C) and (D) and / or two bending elements (B) and (F) and / or two bending elements (F) and (E) and / or two bending elements (C) and (E) and / or two bending elements (A) and (E) are connected by the substantially rhomboid portion of the body (1).
10. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) has at least three recesses (7) arranged between the substantially rhomboid portions of the weighing unit (1).
11. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Another fastening device (8) for attaching the weighing unit (1) is arranged between the first end (2) of the weighing unit (1) and the third bending element (F).
12. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one flat section (9) is formed on at least the third bending element (F).
13. The weighing system (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, At least one strain gauge (11) for measuring tension, compression or bending caused by force is arranged on the at least one flat section (9).
14. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) is essentially plate-shaped.
15. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) is formed as a single unit.
16. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The weighing unit (1) is designed with the bending elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) in the manner of a Boselier-Lipkin linkage.
17. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The device (5) for accommodating the test object (6) has clamps, threaded connections and / or adhesive / welded and / or magnetic connections.
18. The weighing system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The test object (6) is the back plate of the brake block or friction block.
19. A weighing system, specifically the weighing system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, for determining the weight of the back plate of a brake block or friction block.
Citation Information
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