A pipe outside bevel processing milling device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of pipe outer groove processing milling cutter, belong to pipe milling technical field, including milling part, it includes milling cutter main body, the inside of the milling cutter main body is provided with the bearing assembly for bearing milling cutter;Compensation component, it includes the compensation component for compensating the wear of bearing assembly, is set in the inside of bearing assembly, by setting circumferential distribution type differential wear compensation component, for the trace wear of guide rail long-term operation, can be automatically compensated wear gap by disc spring elastic release, real-time maintain the gapless state of bearing roller and guide rail working surface, self-adapting correction local wear brings coaxiality deviation, without stopping can be completed precision compensation, effectively solve the problem that traditional equipment precision rapidly attenuates after wear, needs frequent disassembly calibration, greatly reduce equipment maintenance cost and downtime, ensure that equipment long-term high-precision stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe milling technology, and more specifically, to a milling apparatus for pipe beveling. Background Technology

[0002] Pipe beveling is a core pretreatment process before pipeline welding. The forming accuracy, surface quality, and circumferential uniformity of the bevel directly determine the weld strength, sealing performance, and overall structural stability after pipeline welding. It is widely used in industrial fields such as oil and gas transportation, nuclear power engineering, shipbuilding, and pressure vessels. Currently, the industry generally uses specialized pipe beveling milling equipment to automate the milling of pipe external bevels. Compared to traditional manual grinding and flame cutting methods, specialized milling equipment can effectively improve beveling efficiency, reduce manual labor intensity, and gradually realize the standardization and mechanization of pipe beveling operations. However, existing pipe external beveling milling equipment still has many structural defects and performance shortcomings in actual industrial applications, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-precision, high-stability, and long-life mass production. Specific technical problems include: The existing pipe beveling milling equipment has relatively weak protective measures when milling the outer bevel of pipes. Chips and dust can easily penetrate the working surface of the equipment guide rail, accelerating the wear of moving parts. The wear of the guide rail will not be able to guarantee its guiding accuracy, affecting the processing accuracy of the pipe outer beveling milling and also shortening the service life of the equipment. Although some equipment uses protective covers for isolation and protection, traditional protection methods are difficult to form an effective seal between moving parts and guide rails. The opening of the slide groove can easily become a channel for chip intrusion, leading to contamination and increased wear of the guide rail working surface, which in turn causes a decrease in the processing accuracy of the pipe outer beveling milling.

[0003] In view of this, we propose a milling device for external beveling of pipes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: The purpose of this invention is to provide a milling device for external beveling of pipes, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention provides a milling device for external beveling of pipes, including a milling component, which includes a main body of the milling device. The main body of the milling device is provided with a support component for supporting a milling cutter. The support component is provided with a milling component for driving the milling cutter. The milling component is provided with a buffer component for absorbing milling force. The support component is provided with a cleaning component for preventing debris from entering the support component. The main body of the milling device is provided with a pipe. Compensation components, including compensation elements disposed inside the load-bearing component, for compensating for wear of the load-bearing component.

[0006] As an optional solution of the technical solution in this invention document, the main body of the milling device includes a frame, a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders are provided on the frame, a gripper is provided on the first hydraulic cylinder, an elastic pad is provided on the side of the gripper away from the first hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder is provided on the side of the frame away from the first hydraulic cylinder, and a positioning block is provided on the cylinder. The frame is ring-shaped, with several first hydraulic cylinders and several air cylinders circumferentially distributed on the frame. The pipe is located inside the frame and between several grippers. The elastic pad is located on the side of the grippers near the pipe, and the positioning block abuts against the end of the pipe.

[0007] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the bearing component includes an inner annular guide rail disposed within a frame. The outer side of the inner annular guide rail is provided with two mating grooves, and an outer annular guide rail is disposed on the outer side of the inner annular guide rail. The inner side of the outer annular guide rail is provided with two mating blocks, a V-shaped groove is provided on the outer side of the inner annular guide rail, a plurality of sliding grooves are provided on the inner side of the inner annular guide rail, and a bearing groove is provided on the inner side of the outer annular guide rail.

[0008] As an optional solution of the technical solution in this invention document, the inner annular guide rail is located between the first hydraulic cylinder and the pneumatic cylinder, the size of the mating groove is adapted to the size of the mating block, the V-shaped groove is located between the two mating grooves, the bearing groove is located between the two mating blocks, the mating block and the mating groove are sealed and engaged, the sliding groove extends through the inner wall of the inner annular guide rail to the inner side of the V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove, the sliding groove and the bearing groove cooperate to form a rotation area, and a plurality of needle rollers are evenly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the V-shaped groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a double-ring guide rail support structure with "inner rail positioning and outer rail bearing" is constructed by setting up load-bearing components.

[0010] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the milling assembly includes a slide block slidably connected inside a V-groove. Bearing rollers are provided on both sides of the slide block. A second hydraulic cylinder is provided inside the slide block. A hydraulic rod is provided on the second hydraulic cylinder. A tool holder is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic rod away from the second hydraulic cylinder. An angle-adjusting hinge seat is provided at the bottom of the tool holder. A power head housing is provided inside the angle-adjusting hinge seat. A motor is provided at the top of the power head housing, and a milling cutter is provided on the motor.

[0011] As an optional solution of the technical solution in this invention document, the size of the slide is adapted to the size of the rotation area, the slide abuts against the inner wall of the bearing groove through the bearing roller, the V-shaped end of the slide abuts against the needle roller, the hydraulic rod extends through the slide, the groove and the inner annular guide rail to the inner side of the inner annular guide rail, the number of slides is the same as the number of grooves, the pipe is located between several tool holders, and the milling cutter extends through the power head housing to the side of the tool holder near the pipe.

[0012] As an optional solution of the technical solution in this invention document, the buffer assembly includes a cavity disposed inside the tool holder, an elastic element disposed inside the cavity, a piston rod slidably connected inside the cavity, a support roller disposed at the bottom of the piston rod, and scrapers disposed on both sides of the support roller. The piston rod extends through the inner wall of the cavity to the side of the cutter holder near the pipe. The piston rod is elastically connected to the inner wall of the cavity through an elastic element. The support roller abuts against the surface of the pipe. The scraper is in contact with the surface of the pipe. The support roller is located on the side of the milling cutter away from the positioning block.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the buffer component can absorb some of the vibrations generated during the processing.

[0014] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention document, the cleaning component includes an elastic sealing membrane disposed inside the chute, two brushes and two scraper plates are disposed on the top of the knife holder, an air supply pipe is disposed on the outer side of the outer annular guide rail, and an air curtain channel is disposed inside the V-shaped groove. The hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the center of the elastic sealing membrane. The brush and scraper are both located between the elastic sealing membrane and the knife holder. The two ends of the elastic sealing membrane are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove. The hydraulic rod is located between the two scraper plates. The two scraper plates are located between the two brushes. The brush and scraper plates are in contact with the surface of the elastic sealing membrane and the inner wall of the slide groove. The end of the air curtain channel away from the V-groove extends through the inner wall of the inner annular guide rail into the interior of the slide groove. The end of the air curtain channel away from the V-groove is located on the side of the elastic sealing membrane away from the V-groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the cleaning component can be set up to clean the chute opening and prevent debris from entering the rotation area.

[0016] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the compensation component includes a plurality of hinge slots formed on the outer annular guide rail and the inner annular guide rail. A hinge joint is hinged inside the hinge slot. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the hinge joint. A limit block is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the hinge joint. A disc spring is provided on the side of the limit block near the connecting rod. A limit groove is formed on the connecting rod. A threaded block is slidably connected inside the limit groove. A threaded sleeve is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the threaded block.

[0017] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this invention, the hinge groove is located on the side where the inner annular guide rail and the outer annular guide rail are close to each other, the size of the threaded block is larger than the size of the limiting block, the hinge groove is located outside the mating groove and the mating block, the threaded block is located between the hinge joint and the disc spring, the threaded block is elastically connected to the limiting block through the disc spring, the threaded block is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve, threaded blocks are provided inside both ends of the threaded sleeve, the threads at both ends of the threaded sleeve have opposite directions, and the limiting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the compensation component can differentially compensate for the wear of the outer ring guide rail.

[0019] Beneficial effects: One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. A combined positioning method using axial positioning blocks and circumferential multi-point hydraulic clamping is adopted. The positioning blocks are precisely pressed against the end face of the pipe opening by the cylinder, restricting the axial movement of the pipe and establishing a unified and stable axial machining benchmark. At the same time, multiple sets of first hydraulic cylinders synchronously drive the jaws to radially center and clamp. With the elastic pads set on the inner side of the jaws, it can not only achieve high-precision coaxial fixation of the pipe and the frame, avoiding the problem of machining eccentricity, but also avoid damage such as pressure marks and scratches on the outer wall of the pipe caused by rigid clamping. The elastic pads can increase the clamping friction, effectively preventing circumferential rotation of the pipe during milling, greatly improving the clamping stability and versatility, and adapting to the beveling requirements of pipes of different specifications.

[0020] 2. The system adopts a double-ring guide rail support structure with "inner rail positioning and outer rail bearing". The inner side of the slide block achieves high-precision rotary positioning through V-groove and needle roller cooperation, strictly constraining slide block displacement and deflection, and ensuring accurate and controllable milling rotary trajectory. The outer side of the slide block abuts against the bearing groove of the outer ring guide rail through the bearing roller, bearing most of the milling cutting load, thus overcoming the defects of insufficient rigidity and easy vibration of traditional single-rail cantilever support. At the same time, the inner and outer ring guide rails are sealed and snapped together by mating grooves and mating blocks to form a closed protective cavity. Combined with the working mode of multiple sets of slide blocks rotating synchronously for cutting and symmetrical cutting forces canceling each other out, the milling vibration is further suppressed, and the overall machining rigidity and operational stability are greatly improved.

[0021] 3. A support roller is installed inside the tool holder. The preload of the elastic element keeps it pressed tightly against the outer wall of the pipe. When the milling cutter is subjected to radial cutting reaction force and the tool holder tends to deflect outward, the support roller transmits the reaction force to the elastic element through the piston rod. This absorbs the cutting pulsation impact and provides reverse support force, effectively suppressing radial retraction of the tool holder and ensuring that the bevel depth is uniform along the entire circumference. At the same time, in response to the roundness error or ellipticity deviation of the pipe itself, the support roller can drive the piston rod to float adaptively along the cavity, always maintaining contact with the pipe wall, and realizing contour-following machining. The scrapers on both sides of the support roller follow the movement and fit against the pipe wall, scraping off the oxide scale and residual chips on the outer wall of the pipe in real time, ensuring the support surface is clean and preventing the roller from slipping or the support from shifting due to debris.

[0022] 4. Constructing a multi-layered guide rail protection system: The elastic sealing membrane at the chute opening adapts to the radial expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rod, constantly sealing the chute opening and preventing large particles of chips from entering the guide rail side; the brush and scraper plate on the top of the tool holder move synchronously circumferentially with the tool holder, the brush first sweeps away large particles of debris, and the scraper plate then scrapes away fine dust, continuously cleaning the surface of the elastic sealing membrane and the inner wall of the chute; external compressed air enters the device through the air supply pipe and is blown towards the chute through the air curtain channel inside the V-groove, forming a positive pressure air curtain barrier between the guide rail area and the chute opening; the elastic sealing membrane, brush, scraper plate and positive pressure air curtain work together to form air pressure barriers on both the inner and outer sides of the elastic sealing membrane, completely preventing dust from entering the V-groove, needle rollers, bearing rollers and other moving parts, ensuring long-term cleanliness of the guide rail working surface, effectively extending the service life and accuracy maintenance of the equipment.

[0023] 5. A circumferentially distributed differential wear compensation component is installed. For wear caused by milling chips and dust during long-term operation of the equipment guide rails, the wear gap can be automatically compensated through the elastic release of disc springs. This maintains a gapless fit between the bearing rollers and the guide rail working surface in real time, adaptively correcting coaxiality deviations caused by localized wear, and completing accuracy compensation without stopping the machine. For severe wear conditions exceeding the spring compensation stroke, the radial length of the support column can be precisely adjusted through the positive and negative thread structure of the reverse differential threaded sleeve. This calibrates the coaxiality of the inner and outer annular guide rails point by point, re-establishing the preload of the moving parts. This effectively solves the problem of rapid accuracy decay and frequent disassembly and calibration required by traditional equipment after wear, significantly reducing equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and ensuring long-term high-precision and stable operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the milling device for beveling pipes.

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the frame in a milling device for beveling pipes.

[0027] Figure 3 Milling device for pipe beveling Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 Milling device for pipe beveling Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0029] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the load-bearing component in a milling device for beveling pipes.

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structural relationship between the air curtain channel and the elastic sealing membrane in a milling device for treating the outer bevel of a pipe.

[0031] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the load-bearing component in a milling device for beveling pipe exteriors.

[0032] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the compensation component in a milling device for beveling pipe exteriors.

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the structural relationship and fit between the threaded block and the limiting groove in a milling device for beveling pipes.

[0034] Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the milling component in a milling device for beveling pipe exteriors.

[0035] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 10. Main body of the milling device; 101. Frame; 102. First hydraulic cylinder; 103. Gripper; 104. Elastic pad; 105. Cylinder; 106. Positioning block; 11. Pipeline; 12. Bearing assembly; 121. Inner annular guide rail; 122. Mating groove; 123. Outer annular guide rail; 124. Mating block; 125. V-groove; 126. Slide groove; 127. Bearing groove; 13. Milling assembly; 131. Slide; 132. Bearing roller 133. Wheel; 134. Second hydraulic cylinder; 135. Hydraulic rod; 136. Tool holder; 137. Angle adjustment hinge seat; 138. Power head housing; 139. Motor; 14. Milling cutter; 150. Buffer assembly; 161. Cavity; 172. Elastic element; 183. Piston rod; 194. Support roller; 105. Scraper; 106. Cleaning assembly; 177. Elastic sealing membrane; 182. Brush; 193. Scraper; 104. Air supply pipe; 105. Air curtain channel; 20. Compensation component; 201. Hinge joint; 202. Connecting rod; 203. Limiting block; 204. Disc spring; 205. Limiting groove; 206. Threaded block; 207. Threaded sleeve; 208. Hinge groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a link; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a milling device for external beveling of pipes, including a milling component. The milling device includes a main body 10, a support component 12 for supporting a milling cutter 139 is provided inside the main body 10, a milling component 13 for driving the milling cutter 139 is provided inside the support component 12, a buffer component 14 for absorbing milling force is provided on the milling component 13, a cleaning component 15 for preventing debris from entering the support component 12 is provided inside the support component 12, and a pipe 11 is provided inside the main body 10. The compensation component includes a compensation component 20 disposed inside the bearing component 12 for compensating for wear of the bearing component 12.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a milling device for processing the outer bevel of a pipe. The main body 10 of the milling device includes a frame 101. A plurality of first hydraulic cylinders 102 are provided on the frame 101. A gripper 103 is provided on the first hydraulic cylinder 102. An elastic pad 104 is provided on the side of the gripper 103 away from the first hydraulic cylinder 102. A cylinder 105 is provided on the side of the frame 101 away from the first hydraulic cylinder 102. A positioning block 106 is provided on the cylinder 105. The frame 101 is ring-shaped, and several first hydraulic cylinders 102 and several air cylinders 105 are circumferentially distributed on the frame 101. The pipe 11 is located inside the frame 101 and between several grippers 103. The elastic pad 104 is located on the side of the gripper 103 near the pipe 11, and the positioning block 106 abuts against the end of the pipe 11.

[0041] Reference Figures 2 to 7This invention provides a milling device for processing the outer bevel of a pipe. The supporting component 12 includes an inner annular guide rail 121 disposed in a frame 101. The outer side of the inner annular guide rail 121 is provided with two mating grooves 122. The outer side of the inner annular guide rail 121 is provided with an outer annular guide rail 123. The inner side of the outer annular guide rail 123 is provided with two mating blocks 124. The outer side of the inner annular guide rail 121 is provided with a V-shaped groove 125. The inner side of the inner annular guide rail 121 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 126. The inner side of the outer annular guide rail 123 is provided with a supporting groove 127. The inner annular guide rail 121 is located between the first hydraulic cylinder 102 and the cylinder 105. The size of the mating groove 122 is adapted to the size of the mating block 124. The V-groove 125 is located between the two mating grooves 122. The bearing groove 127 is located between the two mating blocks 124. The mating block 124 and the mating groove 122 are sealed and engaged. The sliding groove 126 extends through the inner wall of the inner annular guide rail 121 to the inner side of the V-groove 125. The V-groove 125, the sliding groove 126 and the bearing groove 127 cooperate to form a rotation area. Several needle rollers are evenly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the V-groove 125.

[0042] Reference Figures 2 to 10 This invention provides a milling device for beveling pipes. The milling assembly 13 includes a slide block 131 slidably connected inside a V-groove 125. Both sides of the slide block 131 are provided with bearing rollers 132. A second hydraulic cylinder 133 is provided inside the slide block 131. A hydraulic rod 134 is provided on the second hydraulic cylinder 133. A tool holder 135 is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic rod 134 away from the second hydraulic cylinder 133. An angle adjusting hinge seat 136 is provided at the bottom of the tool holder 135. A power head housing 137 is provided inside the angle adjusting hinge seat 136. A motor 138 is provided at the top of the power head housing 137. A milling cutter 139 is provided on the motor 138.

[0043] The size of the slide 131 is adapted to the size of the rotating area. The slide 131 abuts against the inner wall of the bearing groove 127 through the bearing roller 132. The V-shaped end of the slide 131 abuts against the needle roller. The hydraulic rod 134 extends through the slide 131, the groove 126 and the inner annular guide rail 121 to the inner side of the inner annular guide rail 121. The number of slides 131 is the same as the number of grooves 126. The pipe 11 is located between several tool holders 135. The milling cutter 139 extends through the power head housing 137 to the side of the tool holder 135 near the pipe 11. The system adopts a double-ring guide rail support structure with "inner rail positioning and outer rail bearing". The inner side of the slide 131 achieves high-precision rotational positioning through V-groove and needle roller cooperation, strictly constraining the displacement and deflection of the slide 131 to ensure accurate and controllable milling rotation trajectory. The outer side of the slide 131 abuts against the outer ring guide rail bearing groove 127 through the bearing roller 132, bearing most of the milling cutting load, thus overcoming the shortcomings of insufficient rigidity and easy vibration of traditional single-rail cantilever support. At the same time, the inner and outer ring guide rails are sealed and snapped together by the mating groove 122 and the mating block 124 to form a closed protective cavity. Combined with the working mode of multiple sets of slides 131 synchronously revolving and cutting, and symmetrical cutting forces canceling each other out, the milling vibration is further suppressed, and the overall machining rigidity and operational stability are greatly improved.

[0044] Reference Figures 2 to 7 This invention provides a milling device for processing the outer bevel of a pipe. The buffer assembly 14 includes a cavity 141 disposed inside the cutter holder 135. An elastic element 142 is disposed inside the cavity 141. A piston rod 143 is slidably connected inside the cavity 141. A support roller 144 is disposed at the bottom of the piston rod 143. Scrapers 145 are disposed on both sides of the support roller 144. The piston rod 143 extends through the inner wall of the cavity 141 to the side of the cutter holder 135 near the pipe 11. The piston rod 143 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the cavity 141 through the elastic element 142. The support roller 144 abuts against the surface of the pipe 11. The scraper 145 is in contact with the surface of the pipe 11. The support roller 144 is located on the side of the milling cutter 139 away from the positioning block 106. A support roller 144 is provided inside the tool holder. The preload of the elastic element 142 keeps it pressed against the outer wall of the pipe 11. When the milling cutter 139 is subjected to radial cutting reaction force and the tool holder 135 tends to deflect outward, the support roller 144 transmits the reaction force to the elastic element 142 through the piston rod 143. This absorbs the cutting pulsation impact and provides reverse support force, effectively suppressing the radial retraction of the tool holder and ensuring that the bevel depth is uniform along the entire circumference. At the same time, in response to the roundness error or ellipticity deviation of the pipe 11 itself, the support roller 144 can drive the piston rod 142 to float adaptively along the cavity 141, always keeping it in contact with the pipe wall, realizing contour-following machining. The scrapers 145 on both sides of the support roller 144 follow the movement and fit against the pipe wall, scraping off the oxide scale and residual chips on the outer wall of the pipe 11 in real time, ensuring the support surface is clean and avoiding the roller slippage or support offset caused by debris.

[0045] Reference Figures 2 to 10This invention provides a milling device for processing the outer bevel of a pipe. The cleaning component 15 includes an elastic sealing membrane 151 disposed inside the slide groove 126, two brushes 152 and two scraper plates 153 disposed on the top of the cutter holder 135, an air supply pipe 154 disposed on the outer side of the outer annular guide rail 123, and an air curtain channel 155 disposed inside the V-groove 125. The hydraulic rod 134 is fixedly connected to the center of the elastic sealing membrane 151. The brush 152 and the scraper 153 are both located between the elastic sealing membrane 151 and the knife holder 135. The two ends of the elastic sealing membrane 151 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 126. The hydraulic rod 134 is located between the two scraper 153. The two scraper 153 are both located between the two brushes 152. The brushes 152 and the scraper 153 are both in contact with the surface of the elastic sealing membrane 151 and the inner wall of the slide groove 126. The end of the air curtain channel 155 away from the V-groove 125 extends through the inner wall of the inner annular guide rail 121 to the interior of the slide groove 126. The end of the air curtain channel 155 away from the V-groove 125 is located on the side of the elastic sealing membrane 151 away from the V-groove 125. A multi-layered guide rail protection system is constructed: the elastic sealing membrane 151 at the opening of the slide groove 126 adapts to the radial expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rod 134, always sealing the opening of the slide groove 126 and preventing large particles of chips from entering the guide rail side; the brush 152 and scraper 153 on the top of the tool holder 135 move synchronously circumferentially with the tool holder 135, the brush 152 first sweeps away large particles of debris, and the scraper 153 then scrapes away fine dust, continuously cleaning the surface of the elastic sealing membrane 151 and the inner wall of the slide groove 126; external compressed air enters the device through the air supply pipe 154. Inside the V-groove 125, air is blown out towards the slide groove 126 through the air curtain channel 155 inside the V-groove 125, forming a positive pressure air curtain barrier between the guide rail area and the opening of the slide groove 126. The elastic sealing membrane 151, the brush 152, the scraper 153, and the positive pressure air curtain work together to form air pressure barriers on both the inner and outer sides of the elastic sealing membrane 151, completely preventing dust from entering the interior of the V-groove 125, needle rollers, bearing rollers 132, and other moving parts, ensuring the long-term cleanliness of the guide rail working surface, and effectively extending the service life and accuracy retention of the equipment.

[0046] Reference Figures 2 to 9 This invention provides a milling device for pipe beveling. The compensation component 20 includes a plurality of hinge grooves 208 formed on the outer annular guide rail 123 and the inner annular guide rail 121. A hinge joint 201 is hinged inside the hinge groove 208. A connecting rod 202 is fixedly connected to the hinge joint 201. A limit block 203 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 202 away from the hinge joint 201. A disc spring 204 is provided on the side of the limit block 203 near the connecting rod 202. A limit groove 205 is formed on the connecting rod 202. A threaded block 206 is slidably connected inside the limit groove 205. A threaded sleeve 207 is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the threaded block 206. The hinge groove 208 is located on the side where the inner annular guide rail 121 and the outer annular guide rail 123 are close to each other. The size of the threaded block 206 is larger than the size of the limiting block 203. The hinge groove 208 is located outside the mating groove 122 and the mating block 124. The threaded block 206 is located between the hinge joint 201 and the disc spring 204. The threaded block 206 is elastically connected to the limiting block 203 through the disc spring 204. The threaded block 206 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 207. Threaded blocks 206 are provided inside both ends of the threaded sleeve 207. The threads at both ends of the threaded sleeve 207 are turned in opposite directions. The limiting block 203 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 207. A circumferentially distributed differential wear compensation component is installed to address wear caused by milling chips and dust during long-term operation of the equipment guide rails. The wear gap is automatically compensated by the elastic release of the disc spring 204, maintaining a gapless fit between the bearing roller 144 and the guide rail working surface in real time. It adaptively corrects coaxiality deviations caused by local wear, completing accuracy compensation without stopping the machine. For severe wear conditions exceeding the spring compensation stroke, the radial length of the support column can be precisely adjusted by the positive and negative thread structure of the reverse differential threaded sleeve, calibrating the coaxiality of the inner and outer annular guide rails point by point, and re-establishing the preload of the kinematic pair. This effectively solves the problem of rapid accuracy decay and frequent disassembly and calibration required by traditional equipment after wear, significantly reducing equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and ensuring long-term high-precision and stable operation of the equipment.

[0047] This invention provides a milling device for external beveling of pipes, the working principle and usage process of which are as follows: First, the pipe 11 to be processed is inserted into the central cavity of the annular frame 101. At the same time, according to the size of the pipe 11, the cylinder 105 is activated to push the positioning block 106 radially forward until the end face of the positioning block 106 is completely in contact with the end face of the pipe 11, restricting the axial movement of the pipe and completing the axial reference positioning for beveling. Then, multiple sets of first hydraulic cylinders 102, evenly distributed around the circumference, act synchronously to push the gripper 103 to move radially toward the center of the pipe 11 until the elastic pad 104 on the inner side of the gripper 103 is completely in contact with the outer wall of the pipe 11, providing uniform clamping force. The elastic pad 104 can avoid hard contact damage to the pipe wall, while increasing friction to prevent the pipe from rotating around the circumference, finally achieving coaxial fixation of the pipe 11 and the frame 101. Then, according to the bevel angle required by the process, the angle adjustment hinge seat 136 at the bottom of the cutter holder 135 is adjusted, which drives the power head housing 137 to swing as a whole, changing the angle between the spindle axis of the milling cutter 139 and the axis of the pipe 11. After adjusting to the target angle, the hinge seat is locked to complete the precise setting of the bevel angle. The milling cutter speed, slide revolution speed and radial feed depth are set. The second hydraulic cylinder 133 drives the cutter holder 135 to return to the initial radial position through the hydraulic rod 134 to ensure that the milling cutter 139 and the outer wall of the pipe 11 maintain a safe gap. At the same time, external compressed air is connected. The airflow enters the device through the air supply pipe 154 on the outside of the outer annular guide rail 123, and finally blows out towards the slide groove 126 through the air curtain channel 155 on the inside of the V-groove 125, forming a positive pressure air curtain barrier between the guide rail area and the slide groove opening, and establishing a dustproof protection environment in advance. Subsequently, the motor 138 on the top of the power head housing 137 is started, driving the milling cutter 139 to rotate at high speed. After the speed stabilizes, it enters the cutting standby state. The revolution drive system drives the slide 131 to start revolving around the pipe 11 along the annular track. The inner side of the slide 131 is embedded in the V-groove 125 of the inner annular guide rail 121, and the needle rollers roll along the groove, undertaking the rotation positioning function and ensuring the accuracy of the revolution trajectory. The bearing roller 132 on the outer side of the slide 131 abuts against the inner wall of the bearing groove 127 of the outer annular guide rail 123, bearing the main cutting load, forming a double-rail support structure of "inner rail positioning and outer rail bearing". Multiple sets of slides 131 revolve synchronously around the circumference for cutting, and the symmetrical cutting forces cancel each other out, greatly improving the machining stability. The inner annular guide rail 121 and the outer annular guide rail 123 are sealed and snapped together by the mating groove 122 and the mating block 124, forming a closed guide rail mounting cavity, providing basic protection for the internal rolling pairs.

[0048] While the slide block 131 revolves, the second hydraulic cylinder 133 drives the hydraulic rod 134 to slowly extend radially, pushing the tool holder 135 to feed towards the outer wall of the pipe 11, and the milling cutter 139 gradually cuts into the pipe wall to begin the outer bevel milling process; the hydraulic rod 134 passes through the groove 126 on the inner annular guide rail 121 and moves synchronously with the slide block 131 along the circumferential direction of the groove. During the milling process, the support roller 144 on the inner side of the tool holder 135 is always pressed tightly against the outer wall of the pipe 11 under the preload of the elastic element 142 in the cavity 141: When the milling cutter 139 is subjected to radial cutting reaction force and the tool holder tends to retract outward, the support roller 144 transmits the reaction force to the elastic element 142 through the piston rod 143, absorbing the cutting pulsation impact and providing reverse support force to suppress radial retraction of the tool holder and ensure that the bevel depth is uniform along the entire circumference. As for the roundness error and ellipticity deviation of the pipe 11 itself, the support roller 144 can drive the piston rod 143 to float adaptively along the cavity 141, always keeping it in contact with the pipe wall, realizing contour-following machining. Among them, the scrapers 145 on both sides of the support roller 144 follow the movement and fit against the pipe wall, scraping off the oxide scale and residual chips on the outer wall of the pipe in real time, ensuring the support surface is clean and avoiding the roller slippage and support offset caused by debris. Meanwhile, the elastic sealing membrane 151 at the opening of the slide groove 126 adapts to the radial extension and contraction of the hydraulic rod 134, always sealing the slide groove opening and preventing large particles of chips and splashing debris from entering the guide rail side; and the brush 152 and scraper 153 on the top of the tool holder 135 move synchronously around the tool holder. The brush first sweeps away large particles of debris, and the scraper then scrapes away fine dust, continuously cleaning the surface of the elastic sealing membrane and the inner wall of the slide groove to avoid debris accumulation; in conjunction with the air curtain channel 155 continuously blowing out positive pressure airflow and the positive pressure environment in the rotation area, an air pressure barrier is formed on both the inner and outer sides of the elastic sealing membrane. While blocking the entry of wind and dust, it blows out penetrating fine dust, completely preventing dust from intruding into the V-groove 125, needle rollers, bearing rollers and other moving parts, ensuring the cleanliness of the guide rail working surface; After long-term operation, the V-groove 125 needle rollers, the bearing rollers 132, and the working surfaces of the guide rails will experience slight wear, gradually increasing the clearance. When the wear is small, the pre-compressed disc spring 204 gradually releases its elasticity, pushing the limit block 203 to slide inward along the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 207. This, in turn, pushes the outer annular guide rail 123 relative to the inner annular guide rail 121 through the connecting rod 202 and the hinge joint 201, causing a slight radial displacement. This automatically eliminates the wear clearance between the bearing rollers 132 and the bearing groove 127, ensuring that the bearing rollers remain in close contact with the rail surface. Simultaneously, it can adaptively adjust the coaxiality of the outer annular guide rail 123 and the inner annular guide rail 121 after wear, maintaining... In a clearance-free fit state, the threaded block 206 and the limiting groove 205 cooperate to limit the compensation stroke and prevent the disc spring from being over-released. When the wear exceeds the automatic compensation stroke of the disc spring, manual precision calibration is required: rotate the threaded sleeve 207, and use the opposite threaded fit at both ends of the sleeve to drive the threaded blocks 206 on both sides to move synchronously in opposite directions along the limiting groove 205, changing the total radial length of the entire support column; adjust multiple sets of compensation components 20 point by point along the circumference to finely adjust the coaxiality of the outer annular guide rail 123 relative to the inner annular guide rail 121, re-establish the preload of the roller and the rail surface, and lock the threaded sleeve 207 after calibration to restore the rotational accuracy of the equipment.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling device for beveling the outer edge of a pipe, characterized in that: include A milling component includes a milling device body (10), inside which is a support component (12) for supporting a milling cutter (139), inside which is a milling component (13) for driving the milling cutter (139) to work, on which is a buffer component (14) for absorbing milling force, inside which is a cleaning component (15) for preventing debris from entering the inside of the support component (12), and inside which is a pipe (11). The compensation component includes a compensation component (20) disposed inside the bearing component (12) for compensating for wear of the bearing component (12); The main body (10) of the milling device includes an annular frame (101), and the bearing component (12) includes an inner annular guide rail (121) disposed in the frame (101). The outer side of the inner annular guide rail (121) is provided with two mating grooves (122), the outer side of the inner annular guide rail (121) is provided with an outer annular guide rail (123), the inner side of the outer annular guide rail (123) is provided with two mating blocks (124), the outer side of the inner annular guide rail (121) is provided with a V-shaped groove (125), the inner side of the inner annular guide rail (121) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves (126), and the inner side of the outer annular guide rail (123) is provided with a bearing groove (127). The milling assembly (13) includes a slide block (131) slidably connected inside a V-groove (125). Both sides of the slide block (131) are provided with bearing rollers (132). A second hydraulic cylinder (133) is provided inside the slide block (131). A hydraulic rod (134) is provided on the second hydraulic cylinder (133). A tool holder (135) is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic rod (134) away from the second hydraulic cylinder (133). An angle-adjusting hinge seat (136) is provided at the bottom of the tool holder (135). A power head housing (137) is provided inside the angle-adjusting hinge seat (136). A motor (138) is provided at the top of the power head housing (137). A milling cutter (139) is provided on the motor (138). The cleaning assembly (15) includes an elastic sealing membrane (151) disposed inside the slide groove (126), two brushes (152) and two scraper plates (153) are disposed on the top of the blade holder (135), an air supply pipe (154) is disposed on the outer side of the outer annular guide rail (123), and an air curtain channel (155) is disposed inside the V-shaped groove (125). The hydraulic rod (134) is fixedly connected to the center of the elastic sealing membrane (151). The brush (152) and the scraper (153) are both located between the elastic sealing membrane (151) and the knife holder (135). The two ends of the elastic sealing membrane (151) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove (126). The hydraulic rod (134) is located between the two scraper (153), and the two scraper (153) are located between the two brushes (152). Between them, the brush (152) and the scraper (153) are both in contact with the surface of the elastic sealing membrane (151) and the inner wall of the groove (126). The end of the air curtain channel (155) away from the V-groove (125) extends through the inner wall of the inner annular guide rail (121) to the interior of the groove (126). The end of the air curtain channel (155) away from the V-groove (125) is located on the side of the elastic sealing membrane (151) away from the V-groove (125).

2. The milling device for pipe external beveling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (101) is provided with a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders (102), each first hydraulic cylinder (102) is provided with a gripper (103), and an elastic pad (104) is provided on the side of the gripper (103) away from the first hydraulic cylinder (102). A cylinder (105) is provided on the side of the frame (101) away from the first hydraulic cylinder (102), and a positioning block (106) is provided on the cylinder (105). Several first hydraulic cylinders (102) and several air cylinders (105) are circumferentially distributed on the frame (101). The pipe (11) is located inside the frame (101). The pipe (11) is located between several grippers (103). The elastic pad (104) is located on the side of the gripper (103) near the pipe (11). The positioning block (106) abuts against the end of the pipe (11).

3. The milling device for pipe external beveling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner annular guide rail (121) is located between the first hydraulic cylinder (102) and the cylinder (105). The size of the mating groove (122) is adapted to the size of the mating block (124). The V-groove (125) is located between the two mating grooves (122). The bearing groove (127) is located between the two mating blocks (124). The mating block (124) and the mating groove (122) are sealed and engaged. The sliding groove (126) extends through the inner wall of the inner annular guide rail (121) to the inner side of the V-groove (125). The V-groove (125), the sliding groove (126) and the bearing groove (127) cooperate to form a rotating area. Several needle rollers are evenly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the V-groove (125).

4. The milling device for pipe external beveling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the slide (131) is adapted to the size of the rotating area. The slide (131) abuts against the inner wall of the bearing groove (127) through the bearing roller (132). The V-shaped end of the slide (131) abuts against the needle roller. The hydraulic rod (134) extends through the slide (131), the groove (126) and the inner annular guide rail (121) to the inner side of the inner annular guide rail (121). The number of slides (131) is the same as the number of grooves (126). The pipe (11) is located between several tool holders (135). The milling cutter (139) extends through the power head housing (137) to the side of the tool holder (135) near the pipe (11).

5. The milling device for pipe external beveling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (14) includes a cavity (141) disposed inside the knife holder (135), an elastic element (142) is disposed inside the cavity (141), a piston rod (143) is slidably connected inside the cavity (141), a support roller (144) is disposed at the bottom of the piston rod (143), and scrapers (145) are disposed on both sides of the support roller (144). The piston rod (143) extends through the inner wall of the cavity (141) to the side of the cutter holder (135) near the pipe (11). The piston rod (143) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the cavity (141) through an elastic element (142). The support roller (144) abuts against the surface of the pipe (11). The scraper (145) is in contact with the surface of the pipe (11). The support roller (144) is located on the side of the milling cutter (139) away from the positioning block (106).

6. The milling device for pipe external beveling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compensation component (20) includes several hinge slots (208) formed on the outer annular guide rail (123) and the inner annular guide rail (121). A hinge joint (201) is hinged inside the hinge slot (208). A connecting rod (202) is fixedly connected to the hinge joint (201). A limit block (203) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (202) away from the hinge joint (201). A disc spring (204) is provided on the side of the limit block (203) near the connecting rod (202). A limit groove (205) is formed on the connecting rod (202). A threaded block (206) is slidably connected inside the limit groove (205). A threaded sleeve (207) is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the threaded block (206).

7. The milling device for pipe external beveling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hinge groove (208) is located on the side where the inner annular guide rail (121) and the outer annular guide rail (123) are close to each other. The size of the threaded block (206) is larger than that of the limiting block (203). The hinge groove (208) is located outside the mating groove (122) and the mating block (124). The threaded block (206) is located between the hinge joint (201) and the disc spring (204). The threaded block (206) is elastically connected to the limiting block (203) through the disc spring (204). The threaded block (206) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve (207). Threaded blocks (206) are provided inside both ends of the threaded sleeve (207). The threads at both ends of the threaded sleeve (207) are in opposite directions. The limiting block (203) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve (207).

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