A split type land leveler with a wide tire, a fender, a depth limiter and a ground roller

Abstract

The application discloses a split type land leveler with anti-trapping wide tire, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a traction frame, a floating suspension frame, a land leveling middle frame, land leveling side wings, a front rake group assembly, a rolling and pressing walking wheel and a rear roller group assembly. The land leveling middle frame and the land leveling side wings are respectively provided with a flow guide plate and a mounting shaft, the flow guide plate forms a soil flow distribution structure, the wide tire rolling and pressing walking wheel is arranged on the mounting shaft, and the second mounting shaft at the side wing is adjusted and supported in height by a lifting oil cylinder. During operation, the operation of raking and crushing soil, flow distribution, middle pressing, secondary crushing and rear pressing is sequentially completed, the wide tire rolling and pressing walking wheel is used to form ground support and depth limiting reference, and the sinking of the machine under the condition of soft sandy loam soil and the operation depth fluctuation are reduced; and the land leveling side wings can be upwardly folded through folding oil cylinders so as to reduce the transfer width.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to a diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel. Background Technology

[0002] As agricultural mechanization moves towards wider, more complex, and multi-process operations in a single pass, pre-sowing tillage equipment typically needs to continuously perform tasks such as soil breaking, leveling, soil mixing, and compaction during its forward movement to create a surface and topsoil structure suitable for sowing. Especially in arid regions with sandy loam soils and in cotton planting patterns such as dry sowing followed by wet emergence, the soil after plowing is often relatively loose to reduce spring irrigation, placing higher demands on the tillage machinery's ability to break up soil, achieve surface smoothness, compaction quality, and maintain stable working depth. Existing tillage machines typically use rake blades to cut and break up large clods of soil, and then work with a leveling frame, compaction rollers, breaking rollers, and ground wheels to complete subsequent tillage. Each component acts sequentially on the soil along the machine's forward direction to achieve pre-sowing soil preparation.

[0003] However, existing tillage machines still have certain shortcomings under conditions of soft sandy loam soil after plowing. When the harrowing group breaks up the soil to a greater extent, the loose soil reduces its support capacity for the implements and tractor tires, easily causing the implements to sink, the tractor to slip, or even get stuck, and increasing tillage resistance and traction load. When traditional ground wheels mainly serve the function of walking or supporting, their coordination between ground support, limiting working depth, and soil compaction is insufficient, and the working depth is prone to fluctuation when the implement passes through local soft areas. On the other hand, when the tillage components of existing implements are not configured reasonably, the soil redistribution capacity in the working width direction is insufficient, which easily leads to local soil accumulation, poor surface flatness, and insufficient compaction, making it difficult to form a reasonable topsoil structure. For wide-width implements, the impact of surface undulations and the large lateral spread size also have a certain impact on operational stability and inter-plot transport. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a diversion-type land preparation machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire compaction and depth-limiting ground wheel, which solves the problems of existing diversion-type land preparation machines being prone to sinking in soft sandy loam soil, fluctuating working depth, and insufficient coordination between soil diversion, compaction, and leveling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A diversion-type land leveling machine with integrated anti-sinking wide-tire compaction and depth-limiting ground wheels includes a traction frame, multiple sets of front harrow assemblies, multiple sets of rear roller assemblies, and multiple lifting cylinders. A floating suspension frame is hinged to the traction frame, and a leveling frame frame is connected to the floating suspension frame. A leveling frame side wing is hinged to each of the two transverse sides of the leveling frame frame. A first guide plate and a first mounting shaft are provided on the leveling frame frame, and a second guide plate and a second mounting shaft are respectively provided on the two leveling frame side wings. The first guide plate and the second guide plate together constitute a soil diversion structure. Compactor wheels with wide tires are respectively mounted on the first mounting shaft and the second mounting shaft. The lifting cylinders are connected to the second mounting shaft and are used to adjust the position of the second mounting shaft relative to the leveling frame side wings, so that the compactor wheels mounted on the second mounting shaft change the support height of the leveling frame side wings.

[0006] Preferably, the first guide plate and the second guide plate form a front converging guide zone and a rear diffusion guide zone respectively along the direction of soil movement. The adjacent wing-shaped guide plates in the front converging guide zone are arranged in an outward V-shape to cause the soil to converge towards the corresponding area. The adjacent wing-shaped guide plates in the rear diffusion guide zone are arranged in an inward V-shape to cause the converged soil to redisperse towards the adjacent low soil volume area.

[0007] Preferably, the first mounting shaft extends laterally along the whole machine, and the five pressing wheels are installed at intervals on the first mounting shaft; two pressing wheels are installed on the second mounting shaft on each side wing of the leveling frame, and the multiple pressing wheels together form a ground support structure distributed laterally along the whole machine.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting cylinder drives the second mounting shaft to rise and fall, so that the compaction traveling wheel mounted on the second mounting shaft changes its height position relative to the side wing of the leveling frame; Preferably, when the compaction wheel is adjusted downwards, the compaction wheel contacts the ground in advance to limit the side wings of the leveling frame and its connecting components from sinking further into the soil layer.

[0009] Preferably, two suspension floating springs are installed between the traction frame and the floating suspension frame, and the floating suspension frame is rotatable relative to the traction frame.

[0010] Preferably, the front harrow assembly includes a harrow assembly connecting beam, which is connected to a corresponding floating suspension frame or leveling frame side wing. Multiple hangers are installed on the harrow assembly connecting beam, and a bearing seat is connected to the lower end of the hanger. Two harrow blades are rotatably installed on the bearing seat, and the harrow blades are arc-shaped disc structures.

[0011] Preferably, the rear roller assembly includes a connecting frame, which is connected to the corresponding leveling frame frame or leveling frame side wing. Two hinged frames are hinged on the connecting frame, and a buffer spring is installed between the connecting frame and the hinged frames. A toothed frame is connected between the two hinged frames. A soil crushing roller and a pressing roller are also rotatably mounted on the connecting frame.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of folding hydraulic cylinders are provided between the leveling frame frame and the two leveling frame side wings, with one end of each folding hydraulic cylinder connected to the leveling frame frame frame and the other end connected to the corresponding leveling frame side wing.

[0013] Preferably, the system further includes a controller, which is mounted on the floating suspension frame and connected to multiple lifting cylinders. The controller is used to acquire the support status parameters of the central compaction wheel corresponding to the first mounting shaft and the support status parameters of the compaction wheel on the side wing of the leveling frame corresponding to the second mounting shaft, and to control the corresponding lifting cylinders to adjust the height position of the second mounting shaft according to the state changes between the central compaction wheel and the compaction wheel on the side wing of the leveling frame.

[0014] Preferably, the controller is used to identify the relative settlement state of the side wing of the leveling frame based on the acquired support state parameters. When it is detected that the pressing wheel corresponding to the side wing of the leveling frame has a settlement change relative to the pressing wheel on the frame of the leveling frame, the controller controls the corresponding lifting cylinder to drive the second mounting shaft to adjust downward, so that the corresponding pressing wheel increases the ground support for the side wing of the leveling frame. When the settlement state is relieved, the controller controls the lifting cylinder to adjust the second mounting shaft to return to the working support position.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention sets multiple wide-tire compaction wheels between the diversion structure and the rear roller assembly, and uses lifting cylinders to adjust the support height of the second mounting shaft and the corresponding compaction wheels. This allows the compaction wheels to form ground support and depth limit benchmarks while rolling and compacting the soil with the whole machine. The wide-tire structure can increase the contact area with the loose sandy loam soil and reduce the bearing pressure per unit area, thereby reducing the sinking of the whole machine and the increase in working depth caused by sinking. This combines the functions of compaction, depth limit, anti-sinking and walking support.

[0016] 2. This invention enables the subsequent land preparation structure to adapt to surface undulations through the hinged connection between the traction frame and the floating suspension frame, as well as the elastic buffering of the floating suspension spring. At the same time, the hinged frame and buffer spring in the rear roller assembly allow the spiked frame to swing locally relative to the connecting frame, thereby reducing the rigid impact generated when the spiked frame directly passes over soil clods or local protrusions, and allowing the subsequent soil crushing roller and compaction roller to continue to complete soil crushing and subsequent compaction.

[0017] 3. This invention hinges two leveling frame side wings to both sides of the leveling frame frame, and drives the leveling frame side wings to rotate by multiple folding hydraulic cylinders. This allows the leveling frame frame and leveling frame side wings to form a wide, continuous working area when the machine is in operation. When transporting the machine, the two leveling frame side wings can be folded upwards, and the front harrow assembly, the second guide plate, the compaction wheel and the rear roller assembly on them can be folded up simultaneously. This reduces the lateral width occupied during transport while maintaining the wide leveling capacity.

[0018] 4. This invention establishes a lateral support benchmark by using the central pressing wheel on the leveling frame as the reference point, and collects the support height, load, and side attitude parameters of the corresponding pressing wheels on the left and right sides of the leveling frame to determine the relative settlement state of the side wings relative to the central area. When local settlement is detected, the controller adjusts the height of the second mounting shaft according to the degree of settlement by controlling the corresponding lifting cylinder, so that the wide-tire pressing wheel increases the ground support of the side wing, limiting the front rake assembly, the second guide plate, and the rear roller assembly from continuing to sink with the side wing. After the settlement is relieved, a gradual recovery method is used to return to the depth limit position, thereby reducing the amount of side wing settlement and the sudden change in working depth caused by changes in the local bearing capacity of the soft soil layer, and reducing the re-sinking caused by rapid switching of support state. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invention when it is fully unfolded. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of the invention when it is in the unfolded state; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the traction frame in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the leveling frame, the side wings of the leveling frame, and the pressing wheels in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the floating suspension frame, the leveling frame frame, the leveling frame side wings, the guide plate, and the press wheels in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front rake assembly in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front rake assembly from another perspective in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rear roller assembly in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flat earth frame side wings in the folded state in this invention; Reference numerals: 1. Traction frame; 2. Floating suspension frame; 21. Controller; 3. Leveling frame frame; 31. First guide plate; 32. First mounting shaft; 4. Leveling frame side wing; 41. Second guide plate; 42. Second mounting shaft; 5. Compactor wheel; 6. Front harrow assembly; 61. Harrow assembly connecting beam; 62. Hanger; 63. Bearing seat; 64. Harrow blade; 65. U-shaped clip; 7. Rear roller assembly; 71. Connecting frame; 72. Hinge frame; 73. Buffer spring; 74. Soil crushing roller; 75. Compactor roller; 8. Toothed frame; 9. Suspension floating compression spring; 10. Folding cylinder; 11. Lifting cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] This invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not to scale. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be noted in the description of this invention that the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire compactor and depth-limiting ground wheel, including a traction frame 1, a floating suspension frame 2, a leveling frame frame 3, two leveling frame side wings 4, multiple compactor wheels 5, multiple front harrow assembly assemblies 6, multiple rear roller assembly assemblies 7, a suspension floating compression spring 9, a folding cylinder 10, and a lifting cylinder 11. A first guide plate 31 and a first mounting shaft 32 are provided on the leveling frame frame 3, and a second guide plate 41 and a second mounting shaft 42 are provided on the leveling frame side wings 4.

[0025] The machine forms a front soil-raking and breaking area, a middle soil-leveling and guiding area, a wide-tire compaction and depth-limiting area, and a rear soil-breaking and compaction area in sequence along the normal operating direction. This allows the soil to pass through preliminary crushing, guiding and distribution, intermediate compaction, secondary soil breaking and final compaction in sequence during one advance of the machine.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drawbar 1 is located at the front of the machine, and the drawbar 1 as a whole forms a traction structure for connecting tractors and other drive vehicles. The end of the drawbar 1 away from the floating suspension frame 2 is used to connect with the drive vehicle, and the end of the drawbar 1 closer to the leveling structure is hinged to the floating suspension frame 2, so that the floating suspension frame 2 can rotate within a certain range relative to the drawbar 1.

[0027] Two floating suspension springs 9 are installed between the floating suspension frame 2 and the traction frame 1, and the two floating suspension springs 9 act between the traction frame 1 and the floating suspension frame 2 respectively. When the whole machine passes over undulating ground, the floating suspension frame 2 can float relative to the traction frame 1. The floating suspension springs 9 are compressed or rebounded as the relative position between the two changes, so as to reduce the impact caused by the completely rigid connection between the traction frame 1 and the subsequent ground leveling components, and to enable the subsequent working components to change their working position according to the undulation of the ground.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the end of the floating suspension frame 2 away from the traction frame 1 is connected to the leveling frame 3, which is located in the middle of the machine's transverse direction. The leveling frame 3 forms the central load-bearing frame, and multiple first guide plates 31 are installed at its lower part. The multiple first guide plates 31 are located in positions that can contact the soil during operation.

[0029] The first guide vane 31 adopts a wing-type guide vane structure and is arranged in a preset figure-eight shape. After the first guide vane 31 comes into contact with the soil, as the whole machine moves forward, the soil is guided by the working surface of the first guide vane 31 and generates a lateral motion component while moving backward, so that the soil that was originally accumulated along the forward direction of the whole machine can flow laterally.

[0030] The leveling frame 3 is also equipped with a first mounting shaft 32, which extends laterally along the entire machine. Multiple compaction wheels 5 are installed on the first mounting shaft 32 at intervals. The multiple compaction wheels 5 are located in the corresponding central working area of ​​the leveling frame 3, forming a laterally distributed ground support and compaction structure.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a leveling frame wing 4 is hinged to each of the two transverse sides of the leveling frame 3. In the land preparation operation state, the two leveling frame wings 4 unfold to the sides of the leveling frame 3, so that the leveling frame 3 and the two leveling frame wings 4 together form a diversion frame with a large transverse working width.

[0032] Multiple folding hydraulic cylinders 10 are installed between the leveling frame frame 3 and the two leveling frame side wings 4. One end of the folding hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to the leveling frame frame 3, and the other end of the folding hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to the corresponding leveling frame side wing 4. When the folding hydraulic cylinder 10 extends or retracts, it applies a driving force to the leveling frame side wing 4, causing the leveling frame side wing 4 to rotate around its hinge position with the leveling frame frame 3.

[0033] Multiple second guide plates 41 are installed on the lower part of each side wing 4 of the flat soil frame. The second guide plates 41 and the first guide plates 31 together constitute the soil diversion structure of the whole machine. The second guide plates 41 also adopt a wing structure and are arranged in a figure-eight pattern. After the first guide plates 31 and the second guide plates 41 are combined, they can form a soil flow path that gathers and disperses along the direction of soil movement.

[0034] In this embodiment, the angle between the extending directions of the working surfaces of two adjacent guide plates is 38°. During operation, the guide structure arranged in an outward V-shape at the front first gathers the soil entering the frame towards the corresponding area. Then, the guide structure arranged in an inward V-shape disperses the gathered soil to both sides or corresponding low-soil areas, causing a lateral redistribution of the soil within the working width. The soil flows along the surface of the guide plates, which reduces the resistance generated by the continuous accumulation of soil at the front of the frame compared to the method of directly pushing soil by a transverse plate.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, each side wing 4 of the flat earth frame is provided with a second mounting shaft 42, and two compaction wheels 5 are mounted on the second mounting shaft 42.

[0036] The compaction wheels 5 adopt a wide-tire structure. Compared with ordinary narrow-tire wheels, under the same overall machine load, the wide-tire compaction wheels 5 can form a larger soil contact area, thus reducing the pressure acting on the soil per unit area. When operating on soft sandy loam soil after plowing, multiple compaction wheels 5 share part of the load of the leveling frame 3 and the leveling frame side wings 4, thereby reducing the degree of continuous subsidence of the local support positions of the whole machine.

[0037] The rolling roller 5 also forms the central rolling structure of the machine. It should be noted that the rolling action of the rolling roller 5 primarily serves as intermediate pre-rolling after soil diversion, with its ground pressure balancing the bearing capacity of the loose soil and the pre-compaction requirements. The rolling roller 75 in the rear roller assembly 7 further completes the final rolling action. Therefore, the wide-tire rolling roller 5 does not need to provide all the compaction required for final rolling, but can pre-shape and pre-compact the loose soil after diversion while reducing local subsidence.

[0038] As the machine moves forward, the compaction wheels 5 roll around the corresponding first mounting shaft 32 or second mounting shaft 42 under the action of ground friction, compacting the loose soil after it has been diverted by the first guide plate 31 and the second guide plate 41. Since the compaction wheels 5 are located between the diversion frame and the rear roller assembly 7, it is equivalent to adding a row of intermediate compaction structures in front of the rear compaction structure.

[0039] For the compaction travel wheel 5 connected to the second mounting shaft 42, the support height of the compaction travel wheel 5 relative to the leveling frame side wing 4 can be changed by adjusting the lifting height corresponding to the lifting cylinder 11. When the compaction travel wheel 5 is adjusted downward relative to the leveling frame side wing 4, the compaction travel wheel 5 forms support with the ground earlier, so that the leveling frame side wing 4 and the working parts installed on the leveling frame side wing 4 are limited by the ground support height, thus reducing the range of further sinking into the soil; when the compaction travel wheel 5 is adjusted upward relative to the leveling frame side wing 4, the leveling frame side wing 4 can be in a relatively low working position. Thus, by adjusting the support relationship between the compaction travel wheel 5 and the ground, the working depth of the relevant working parts can be adjusted.

[0040] Therefore, in this embodiment, the rolling wheel 5 is used simultaneously for the movement and transportation of the whole machine, soil compaction, support for preventing subsidence on soft sandy loam ground, and limiting the working depth, so that the traditionally separately set rolling wheels, depth limiting wheels and some compaction structures can cooperate in the same rolling wheel arrangement area.

[0041] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the front harrow assembly 6 includes a harrow assembly connecting beam 61, a hanger 62, a bearing seat 63, harrow blades 64, and a U-shaped clamp 65. The harrow assembly connecting beam 61 is connected to the corresponding floating suspension frame 2 or the leveling frame side wing 4, so that multiple front harrow assemblies 6 respectively cover the transverse working areas corresponding to the leveling frame frame 3 and the two leveling frame side wings 4.

[0042] Multiple hangers 62 are spaced along the length of the rake assembly connecting beam 61, and the multiple hangers 62 are installed on the rake assembly connecting beam 61 by U-shaped clips 65. The lower end of the hanger 62 is connected to the bearing seat 63, and the rake blade 64 is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat 63, so that the rake blade 64 can rotate relative to the hanger 62.

[0043] The harrow blade 64 adopts an arc-shaped disc structure. When the machine is working forward, the harrow blade 64 cuts into the topsoil and rotates under the combined action of traction and soil resistance, cutting, turning and initially breaking up the large soil clods formed after plowing, and transporting the treated soil to the diversion area behind.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, a rear roller assembly 7 is provided at the rear of both the frame 3 and the side wings 4 of the leveling frame. The rear roller assembly 7 includes a connecting frame 71, two hinged frames 72, two buffer springs 73, a soil-crushing roller 74, and a pressing roller 75.

[0045] The connecting frame 71 is connected to the corresponding flat earth frame frame 3 or flat earth frame side wing 4. Two hinged frames 72 are respectively hinged to the connecting frame 71, so that the hinged frames 72 can swing within a certain range relative to the connecting frame 71.

[0046] Two buffer springs 73 are respectively disposed between the connecting frame 71 and the two hinge frames 72. One end of the buffer spring 73 is connected to the connecting frame 71, and the other end of the buffer spring 73 is connected to the corresponding hinge frame 72. A toothed frame 8 is installed between the two hinge frames 72, so that the toothed frame 8 can float relative to the connecting frame 71 along with the hinge frame 72.

[0047] When the spiked frame 8 passes over soil clods or locally raised ground, the spiked frame 8 is subjected to ground reaction force and drives the hinge frame 72 to rotate relative to the connecting frame 71. At the same time, the buffer spring 73 is compressed or rebounded, thereby allowing the spiked frame 8 to adapt to the undulation of the ground within a certain range and reducing the impact of rigid collisions on the rear roller assembly 7.

[0048] A soil-crushing roller 74 and a pressing roller 75 are also rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 71. In the sequence of the soil passing through the rear roller assembly 7 when the whole machine is moving forward normally, the toothed frame 8 is located at the front, the soil-crushing roller 74 is located behind the toothed frame 8, and the pressing roller 75 is located behind the soil-crushing roller 74.

[0049] After being rolled by the central compaction roller 5, the soil first enters the area where the spiked frame 8 is located. The spiked frame 8 loosens the surface soil and disturbs the remaining soil clods. Then, the soil enters the area where the soil crushing roller 74 is located. The soil crushing roller 74 rolls with the movement of the whole machine to crush the soil clods that have not been fully crushed. Finally, the compaction roller 75 performs a final rolling and leveling of the ground surface after being treated by the soil crushing roller 74.

[0050] Working principle: In actual use, the tractor pulls the whole machine forward through the traction frame 1. The traction frame 1 transmits the traction force to the floating suspension frame 2, and the floating suspension frame 2 drives the flat earth frame frame 3 and the flat earth frame side wings 4 to move forward synchronously.

[0051] The front row of harrow blades 64 first cuts and breaks up the larger clods of soil after plowing. The soil treated by the harrow blades 64 then continues to enter the guiding area formed by the first guide plate 31 and the second guide plate 41.

[0052] The first guide plate 31 and the second guide plate 41 use the figure-eight wing-type guide structure to change the direction of soil movement, so that the soil is first gathered and then dispersed, so that the amount of soil in the working area is redistributed laterally, and the bulldozing resistance caused by continuous soil accumulation is reduced during the process of soil flowing along the surface of the guide plate.

[0053] After being guided and leveled, the soil enters under the compaction wheels 5. The compaction wheels 5 roll as the machine moves forward, compacting the soil in the middle. At the same time, multiple wide-tire compaction wheels 5 provide a large ground contact area support for the machine, reducing sinking in the loose sandy loam.

[0054] By adjusting the height of the corresponding second mounting shaft 42 and the pressing travel wheel 5 by lifting the hydraulic cylinder 11, the pressing travel wheel 5 forms different ground support heights, and the support height limits the side wings 4 of the leveling frame and related working parts from sinking further into the soil layer, thereby adjusting the working depth of the corresponding parts of the whole machine.

[0055] After being compacted by the intermediate compaction wheel 5, the soil continues to enter the rear roller assembly 7, where it is successively loosened by the toothed frame 8, further crushed by the soil crushing roller 74, and finally compacted and leveled by the compaction roller 75, ultimately forming a prepared ground surface suitable for subsequent sowing operations.

[0056] Example 2: As Figures 1 to 10 As shown, while all other parts are the same as in Embodiment 1, this embodiment further illustrates the folding and transporting state of the leveling frame side wing 4 and the coordination method of the compaction walking wheel 5 between the working state and the transporting state.

[0057] The leveling frame 3 is located in the middle of the machine's transverse direction, and the two leveling frame side wings 4 are respectively hinged to the working areas on both sides of the leveling frame frame 3. Multiple folding hydraulic cylinders 10 are respectively located between the leveling frame frame 3 and the two leveling frame side wings 4.

[0058] Working principle: In actual use, when the whole machine is performing wide-width land preparation, the two leveling frame side wings 4 unfold on both sides of the leveling frame frame 3, so that the leveling frame frame 3 and the two leveling frame side wings 4 together form a complete transverse working width. The front harrow assembly 6, the first guide plate 31, the second guide plate 41, the compaction wheel 5, the nail tooth frame 8, the soil crushing roller 74, and the compaction roller 75 process the soil in sequence according to the order described in Example 1.

[0059] When a transfer is required, the folding cylinder 10 is driven to rotate the side wing 4 of the flat earth frame from the unfolded position to the folded position, thereby reducing the overall transport width of the machine.

[0060] After the transfer is completed and the next work site is reached, the folding cylinder 10 is driven to reverse, so that the side wings 4 of the leveling frame are restored to the unfolded position. Then, the support height of the compaction wheel 5 and the working state of the rake blade 64 are adjusted according to the soil conditions, and the land preparation operation can be carried out again.

[0061] This embodiment enables the wide-span diversion type land leveling structure to switch between working state and folding transport state through the connection relationship between the leveling frame 3, the leveling frame side wings 4 and the folding cylinder 10. In the working state, the central and side wing compaction wheels 5 jointly undertake the functions of soil pre-compactment, ground support and depth limitation. After the side wings are folded, the compaction wheels 5 located on the leveling frame side wings 4 leave the ground with the side wings, and the central compaction wheels 5 can undertake at least part of the walking support function according to the overall machine transport method.

[0062] Example 3: As Figures 1 to 10 As shown, based on the diversion type treadmill structure with anti-sinking wide tire tamping and depth limiting integrated ground wheel described in Embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment further provides a wide tire tamping and depth limiting integrated ground wheel adjustment method based on lateral support status detection.

[0063] In this embodiment, the anti-sinking adjustment of the whole machine is mainly used to identify local uneven subsidence caused by the difference in soil bearing capacity between the side wing 4 of the leveling frame and the frame 3 of the leveling frame. By adjusting the support height of the corresponding pressing walking wheel 5, the pressing walking wheel 5 increases the support of the corresponding area, thereby reducing the tendency of the side wing 4 of the leveling frame and its connected working parts to continue to sink into the soft soil layer.

[0064] The controller 21 is mounted on the floating suspension frame 2 and connected to the detection components on the whole machine and the electro-hydraulic control valve group for controlling the movement of the lifting cylinder 11. The electro-hydraulic control valve group is hydraulically connected to the lifting cylinder 11 and is used to adjust the extension and retraction state of the lifting cylinder 11 according to the control signal output by the controller 21. When the lifting cylinder 11 does not receive an adjustment command, it maintains its current working position through a hydraulic holding structure so that the second mounting shaft 42 and the press travel wheel 5 mounted on the second mounting shaft 42 maintain the corresponding support height.

[0065] The detection components in this embodiment include a central height detection component located in the central region of the machine, a side wing height detection component located on the two side wings 4 of the flat earth frame, a cylinder position detection component located on the lifting cylinder 11, and a load detection component located at the corresponding bearing connection position.

[0066] Among them, the middle height detection component is used to detect the ground height of the corresponding area of ​​the leveling frame 3. The left wing height detection component is used to detect the ground clearance of the corresponding area of ​​the left flat earth frame wing 4. The right flank height detection component is used to detect the ground clearance of the corresponding area of ​​the right side flank 4 of the flat earth frame. .

[0067] The aforementioned height parameter is not used to detect the mechanical position of the second mounting shaft 42 relative to the side wing 4 of the leveling frame, but rather to detect the actual support status of the corresponding area of ​​the entire machine relative to the ground. As a reference height for the middle area of ​​the entire machine and These are used to represent the actual support height of the corresponding areas on the left and right sides of the two flat earth frame wings 4, respectively.

[0068] The load detection component is used to detect the support load in different lateral regions, including the reference load borne by the central press wheel 5. The load borne by the left-side pressing wheel 5 and the load borne by the right-side pressing wheel 5 .

[0069] The hydraulic cylinder position detection component is used to detect the current position of the left and right lifting hydraulic cylinders 11. , This is to determine the current adjustment status of the corresponding second mounting shaft 42 and the press travel wheel 5, so as to avoid the controller 21 repeatedly outputting adjustment amounts that exceed the mechanical adjustment range.

[0070] The attitude detection component is located in the connection area between the frame 3 and the side wings 4 of the leveling frame, and is used to detect the angular changes of the left and right side wings 4 relative to the deployment reference position. , This helps determine whether there are any abnormal attitude changes on the flanks.

[0071] It should be noted that the anti-sinking adjustment in this embodiment is only activated when the two flat earth frame side wings 4 are in the unfolded operation state; when any flat earth frame side wing 4 is in the folded transport state, the controller 21 stops executing the anti-sinking adjustment program to avoid the folding action affecting the detection results.

[0072] After acquiring the above detection parameters, the controller 21 first normalizes the detection parameters and establishes a lateral settlement evaluation index for the left and right wings relative to the central support area.

[0073] Taking the left side wing 4 of the flat earth frame as an example, its relative settlement index Represented as:

[0074] in: The relative settlement index of the left side wing 4 of the flat earth frame relative to the frame 3 of the flat earth frame; This is a highly normalized baseline value; This serves as the load normalization reference value; This serves as the reference value for the normalized attitude angle. This is the reference load for the left-side pressing wheel 5 under normal operating conditions; This is the reference attitude angle for the left side wing 4 of the flat earth frame under normal deployment operation. , , These are the weighting coefficients corresponding to changes in altitude, load, and attitude, respectively, and:

[0075] Controller 21 simultaneously calculates the relative settlement index corresponding to the right side wing 4 of the flat earth frame. :

[0076] in: The relative settlement index of the right side wing 4 of the flat earth frame relative to the frame 3 of the flat earth frame; This is the reference load for the right-side press wheel 5 under normal operating conditions; This is the reference attitude angle for the right-side flat earth frame wing 4 under normal deployment operation.

[0077] Based on the above indicators, the controller 21 can determine whether a certain flank has entered a local soft soil area according to the relative change relationship between the central area and the flank area, without relying on a single height parameter for judgment.

[0078] In this embodiment, the controller 21 has a pre-stored normal operation threshold. Anti-trap trigger threshold and recovery threshold ,in:

[0079] when: and: At that time, controller 21 determines that the whole machine is in the normal depth limit state.

[0080] Under normal depth-limited conditions, the controller 21 supports the target height according to the preset target height. The position of the lifting cylinder 11 is adjusted based on the deviation between the actual height of the corresponding side wing and the actual height of the side wing.

[0081] Taking the left-side lifting cylinder 11 as an example, the position adjustment amount Represented as:

[0082] in:

[0083] This refers to the control output of the left-side lifting cylinder 11; , , These are the proportional adjustment coefficient, integral adjustment coefficient, and derivative adjustment coefficient, respectively.

[0084] The controller 21 controls the electro-hydraulic control valve group to operate according to the above control output, so that the left lifting cylinder 11 extends and retracts, thereby adjusting the height position of the corresponding second mounting shaft 42, so that the left pressing walking wheel 5 maintains the preset support height.

[0085] when: When the duration reaches the preset judgment time T1, the controller 21 determines that the left side wing of the flat earth frame 4 has entered the anti-sinking state.

[0086] Similarly, when: When the duration reaches the preset judgment time T1, the controller 21 determines that the right side wing 4 of the flat earth frame has entered the anti-sinking state.

[0087] When the left side enters the anti-sinking state, the controller 21 calculates the target adjustment displacement of the left lifting cylinder 11 based on the relative sinking degree of the left side:

[0088] in: Adjust the displacement of the left-side lifting cylinder 11 to the target position; Adjustment coefficient for preventing traps; To increase the maximum allowable adjustment displacement of hydraulic cylinder 11; This means that the calculated adjustment amount is limited to the actual allowable range of the lifting cylinder 11.

[0089] The controller 21 controls the left lifting cylinder 11 to extend, causing the corresponding second mounting shaft 42 to move downward, so that the wide tire-type pressing and walking wheel 5 mounted on the second mounting shaft 42 contacts the ground in advance, and uses the larger effective ground contact area of ​​the wide tire structure to bear more loads in the side wing area.

[0090] By increasing the ground support in this area, the front harrow assembly 6, the second guide plate 41, and the rear roller assembly 7 on the side wing 4 of the leveling frame are supported and restricted, thereby reducing the tendency of the corresponding working area to sink further.

[0091] The right-side flat earth frame wing 4 is adjusted independently in the same way.

[0092] When the left side satisfies: When the recovery time T2 is reached, the controller 21 determines that the left flat earth frame side wing 4 has exited the anti-sinking state.

[0093] When the right side satisfies: When the recovery time T2 is reached, the controller 21 determines that the right side wing 4 of the flat earth frame exits the anti-sinking state.

[0094] To avoid a sudden recovery of the pressing wheel 5 causing a rapid change in the support state of the corresponding side wing, this embodiment adopts gradual recovery control.

[0095] Taking the left-side lifting cylinder 11 as an example, the position after the nth adjustment during the recovery process. Represented as:

[0096] in: The current position of lifting cylinder 11; For the target work location; Let be the coefficient of restitution, and: Based on the above calculation results, the controller 21 gradually adjusts the lifting cylinder 11 so that the second mounting shaft 42 slowly returns to the normal depth limit position.

[0097] During the adjustment process, the controller 21 also executes exception protection logic.

[0098] When any of the following conditions are detected, the controller 21 restricts the lifting cylinder 11 from further increasing the adjustment amount and maintains the current position of the second mounting shaft 42: In the first case, the output value of the height detection component exceeds the preset effective detection range, or the height change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold within adjacent sampling periods; In the second scenario, the load detection component detects that the load in the corresponding area exceeds the preset maximum bearing value; In the third case, the position feedback value of the lifting cylinder 11 is inconsistent with the target position output by the controller 21; In the fourth scenario, the relative settlement index corresponding to the two flat earth frame wings 4 on the left and right sides increases rapidly at the same time, indicating that the whole machine may have entered a region where the overall bearing capacity decreases.

[0099] Once the detection data returns to the normal range, the controller 21 re-executes the subsidence status judgment program.

[0100] Through the above control method, this embodiment uses the middle pressing and walking wheel 5 corresponding to the leveling frame 3 to establish a lateral support reference. By detecting the ground clearance, bearing status and attitude changes of the corresponding areas of the left and right leveling frame side wings 4, the local uneven settlement state between different lateral areas of the wide-width land leveling machine can be determined.

[0101] Compared to adjusting based solely on the height of a single wheel, this embodiment reduces misjudgments caused by changes in a single detection quantity by comparing the changes between the central support area and the side support areas. Furthermore, by adjusting the support height of the corresponding wide-tire press wheel 5, the wide-tire press wheel 5 can simultaneously provide support, depth limitation, and anti-sinking assistance.

[0102] During actual operation, when the machine passes through a localized area of ​​loose sandy loam, the controller 21 can promptly adjust the support status of the corresponding side wing compaction wheel 5 to reduce the subsidence of the leveling frame side wing 4 and its connected working components. Once the soil bearing capacity is restored, the compaction wheel 5 is gradually restored to its normal depth limit position, thereby reducing the change in working depth caused by sudden changes in support status.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diversion-type tillage machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire compactor and depth-limiting ground wheel, comprising a traction frame (1), multiple sets of front harrow assembly (6), multiple sets of rear roller assembly (7), and multiple lifting cylinders (11), wherein a floating suspension frame (2) is hinged on the traction frame (1), and a leveling frame frame (3) is connected to the floating suspension frame (2), wherein a leveling frame side wing (4) is hinged to each of the transverse sides of the leveling frame frame (3), characterized in that: The flat soil frame (3) is provided with a first guide plate (31) and a first mounting shaft (32), and the two flat soil frame side wings (4) are respectively provided with a second guide plate (41) and a second mounting shaft (42). The first guide plate (31) and the second guide plate (41) together constitute a soil diversion structure. A pressing wheel (5) is installed on the first mounting shaft (32) and the second mounting shaft (42), respectively. The pressing wheel (5) adopts a wide tire structure. The lifting cylinder (11) is connected to the second mounting shaft (42) and is used to adjust the position of the second mounting shaft (42) relative to the side wing (4) of the leveling frame, so that the pressing walking wheel (5) installed on the second mounting shaft (42) changes the support height of the side wing (4) of the leveling frame.

2. The diversion-type land leveling machine with integrated anti-sinking wide-tire compactor and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide plate (31) and the second guide plate (41) form a front gathering guide zone and a rear diffusion guide zone respectively along the direction of soil movement. The adjacent wing-shaped guide plates in the front gathering guide zone are arranged in an outward V-shape to gather the soil towards the corresponding area. The adjacent wing-shaped guide plates in the rear diffusion guide zone are arranged in an inward V-shape to redisperse the gathered soil towards the adjacent low soil volume area.

3. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting shaft (32) extends laterally along the whole machine, and five pressing wheels (5) are installed at intervals on the first mounting shaft (32); two pressing wheels (5) are installed on the second mounting shaft (42) on each side wing (4) of the leveling frame, and multiple pressing wheels (5) together form a ground support structure distributed laterally along the whole machine.

4. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting cylinder (11) drives the second mounting shaft (42) to rise and fall, so that the pressing walking wheel (5) mounted on the second mounting shaft (42) changes its height position relative to the side wing (4) of the leveling frame; When the pressing wheel (5) is adjusted downward, the pressing wheel (5) contacts the ground in advance to limit the side wings (4) of the flat soil frame and its connecting parts from sinking further into the soil layer.

5. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two suspension floating springs (9) are installed between the traction frame (1) and the floating suspension frame (2), and the floating suspension frame (2) is able to rotate relative to the traction frame (1).

6. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front harrow assembly (6) includes a harrow assembly connecting beam (61), which is connected to the corresponding floating suspension frame (2) or the side wing (4) of the leveling frame. Multiple hangers (62) are installed on the harrow assembly connecting beam (61), and a bearing seat (63) is connected to the lower end of the hanger (62). Two harrow blades (64) are rotatably installed on the bearing seat (63), and the harrow blades (64) are arc-shaped disc structures.

7. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear roller assembly (7) includes a connecting frame (71), which is connected to the corresponding flat soil frame frame (3) or flat soil frame side wing (4). Two hinge frames (72) are hinged on the connecting frame (71). A buffer spring (73) is installed between the connecting frame (71) and the hinge frame (72). A nail tooth frame (8) is connected between the two hinge frames (72). A soil crushing roller (74) and a pressing roller (75) are also rotatably installed on the connecting frame (71).

8. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple folding cylinders (10) are provided between the frame (3) of the flat earth frame and the two side wings (4) of the flat earth frame. One end of each folding cylinder (10) is connected to the frame (3) of the flat earth frame, and the other end is connected to the corresponding side wing (4).

9. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a controller (21), which is mounted on the floating suspension frame (2) and connected to multiple lifting cylinders (11). The controller (21) is used to obtain the support status parameters of the middle pressing wheel (5) corresponding to the first mounting shaft (32) and the support status parameters of the pressing wheel (5) on the side wing (4) of the leveling frame corresponding to the second mounting shaft (42), and control the corresponding lifting cylinder (11) to adjust the height position of the second mounting shaft (42) according to the state change between the middle pressing wheel (5) and the pressing wheel (5) on the side wing (4) of the leveling frame.

10. The diversion-type land leveling machine with an integrated anti-sinking wide-tire pressing and depth-limiting ground wheel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The controller (21) is used to identify the relative settlement state of the side wing (4) of the leveling frame according to the acquired support state parameters. When it is detected that the pressing wheel (5) corresponding to the side wing (4) of the leveling frame has a settlement change relative to the pressing wheel (5) on the frame (3) of the leveling frame, the controller controls the corresponding lifting cylinder (11) to drive the second mounting shaft (42) to adjust downward, so that the corresponding pressing wheel (5) increases the ground support for the side wing (4) of the leveling frame. When the settlement state is relieved, the controller controls the lifting cylinder (11) to adjust the second mounting shaft (42) to return to the working support position.

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