A seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine with layered sowing and applying function

Abstract

The application discloses a seed and fertilizer sowing and applying machine with a layered sowing and applying function, which comprises a seed sowing mechanism, a fertilizer applying mechanism, an opener, a seed sowing pipe, a fertilizer applying pipe and a soil covering mechanism; the rear side of the opener is provided with a pair of parallel side plates, and an internal space is formed between the pair of side plates; the tail end of the seed sowing pipe and the tail end of the fertilizer applying pipe are both arranged in the internal space; the top of the opener is provided with an inverted V-shaped top plate, and a gap is formed between the top plate and the top of the two side plates; the two sides of the opener are both provided with a soil taking mechanism, which is used for throwing the soil on the two sides of the opener upward, so that the thrown soil enters the internal space from directly above the opener after being guided by the top plate; a guide plate is arranged in the internal space, and the guide plate comprises an upper inclined plate and a lower inclined plate which are connected to each other and have opposite inclined directions; one of the seed sowing pipe and the fertilizer applying pipe is arranged in front of the corner position of the guide plate, and the other one passes through the upper inclined plate and is arranged above the lower inclined plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated seed and fertilizer application machine technology, and in particular to a seed and fertilizer application machine with layered sowing and fertilization functions. Background Technology

[0002] Seeders and fertilizer applicators are essential equipment in agricultural production, used to simultaneously complete tasks such as ditching, fertilizing, sowing, and covering. Their operational quality directly affects seed germination, fertilizer utilization, and subsequent crop growth. A reasonable seeding and fertilization structure not only needs to ensure even seed distribution but also that fertilizer is placed in the appropriate position to avoid hindering germination due to improper fertilizer-seed placement. Simultaneously, it should also consider the machine's compact structure and stability during field operation.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN117242927A discloses a no-till fertilizing seeder, which has a fertilizer furrow opener, a ridging device, and a sowing device arranged sequentially along the traveling direction on the main frame. Through multiple drive shafts, a gearbox, a four-bar linkage, a disc furrow opener, a disc soil covering device, a drip irrigation tape furrow opener, and a press wheel, it achieves operations such as fertilization, ridging, sowing, soil covering, pressing, and drip irrigation tape laying. This design has many functions, but the sequential arrangement of each functional component along the machine's traveling direction, along with the complex transmission and installation structure, results in a large space occupation at the front and rear of the machine, and high manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0004] Patent CN110352669A discloses a wide-span uniform sowing mechanism for an oat seeder, comprising a fertilizer-applying and sowing beam, a fertilizer-applying pipe, a fertilizer-applying furrow shovel, a sowing pipe, and a seeder. During operation, the fertilizer-applying and furrow shovel first creates deep furrows and applies fertilizer. The rear structure then forms wide, flat-bottomed furrows. Seeds are dispersed by upper and lower seed guide plates and fall into the furrows. This design improves the problem of uneven seed dispersion during wide-span sowing. However, the design also includes a secondary fertilizer-applying pipe connected to the fertilizer discharge chamber, allowing for direct contact between the seeds and fertilizer. This means that the seeds and fertilizer are in direct contact, which can easily burn the seeds and negatively impact germination. Furthermore, the furrow opener in this design uses a front-to-back arrangement of fertilizer application and furrow opening, followed by uniform sowing and subsequent soil covering and compaction. The overall operating components are still distributed front to back, leaving room for improvement in structural compactness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function that can avoid direct contact between seeds and fertilizer, which would burn the seeds and affect germination. It is compact in structure and low in cost.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization functions, comprising a seed metering mechanism, a fertilizer metering mechanism, a furrow opener, a sowing pipe, a fertilizer application pipe, and a soil covering mechanism; The furrow opener has a forward-extending tip at its front end and a pair of parallel side plates at its rear, forming an open internal space between the pair of side plates; the seeding tube is connected to the seed dispensing mechanism, and the fertilizer dispensing tube is connected to the fertilizer dispensing mechanism; the ends of the seeding tube and the fertilizer dispensing tube are both placed within the internal space. The top of the trencher is provided with an inverted V-shaped top plate, and there is a gap between the top plate and the top of the two side plates; Both sides of the trencher are equipped with soil-taking mechanisms, which are used to throw the soil from both sides of the trencher upwards, so that the thrown soil is guided by the top plate and enters the internal space from directly above the trencher. The internal space is provided with a guide plate, which includes an upper inclined plate and a lower inclined plate that are connected to each other and have opposite inclination directions. The upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate are arranged vertically and form a "<" shape. The upper inclined plate is inclined backward and upward, and the lower inclined plate is inclined backward and downward. One of the seeding pipes and the fertilizer pipes is located in front of the corner of the guide plate, and the other discharge pipe passes through the upper inclined plate and is located above the lower inclined plate.

[0007] During operation, the seed dispensing mechanism and the fertilizer dispensing mechanism respectively dispense seeds and fertilizer into the seeding pipe and the fertilizer application pipe. The discharge pipe located in front of the corner position discharges the corresponding material to the front side of the guide plate, that is, the material discharged first. The discharge pipe passing through the upper inclined plate guides the corresponding material to the top of the lower inclined plate, that is, the material discharged later. The soil thrown up by the soil-collecting mechanism enters the internal space after being guided by the top plate. Some of the soil slides down the upper end face of the upper inclined plate and covers the material discharged first. The lower edge of the lower inclined plate scrapes and compacts the soil entering the internal space. The material discharged later falls onto the leveled soil at the bottom of the trench after being guided by the upper end face of the lower inclined plate. Then, the soil covering mechanism pushes the soil on both sides of the trench into the trench and flattens it.

[0008] Furthermore, the fertilizer application tube is located in front of the corner of the guide plate, the seeding tube passes through the upper inclined plate, and the end of the seeding tube is located above the lower inclined plate; the lower end of the fertilizer application tube has a backward-sloping curved section.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil sampling mechanism is a soil sampling wheel, including a central blade holder and multiple soil sampling blades, with the multiple soil sampling blades fixed in a circumferential array on the central blade holder; The soil-taking blade includes a main blade body and a curved blade body. The main blade body is connected to the central blade holder. The curved blade body is located at the end of the main blade body and is offset from the plane of the main blade body. When the central blade holder rotates, the main blade body rotates accordingly. The curved blade body picks up the soil on both sides of the trencher and throws it upward, so that the soil enters the internal space under the guidance of the top plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the two soil-collecting mechanisms located on both sides of the trencher are driven by the same drive shaft, one end of which is connected to a drive element, which can be a motor or a sprocket or other power input component.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive shaft passes through the trencher, and the portion of the drive shaft inside the trencher is located inside the corner of the guide plate and in front of the end of the discharge pipe that passes through the upper inclined plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a vertical rear baffle is provided on the rear side of the guide plate, and an inclined front baffle is provided on the front side of the guide plate. The front baffle is arranged to tilt backward and upward. The front baffle guides the soil thrown upward by the soil-collecting mechanism backward, and the rear baffle restricts the soil entering the internal space from continuing to fly backward.

[0013] Furthermore, the top plate has a turning point located in the middle, which is directly above the interior space. The top plate guides the soil thrown up by the soil-collecting mechanisms on both sides toward the turning point, causing the soil on both sides to collide with each other near the turning point and reduce kinetic energy.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering plate, a rod, and a torsion spring. The soil covering plate is hinged to the rear side of the trencher via the rod, and the torsion spring is disposed between the rod and the trencher.

[0015] Furthermore, a first guide shaft is fixed at the corner position of the guide plate, and a second guide shaft and a third guide shaft are respectively fixed at the upper end of the upper inclined plate and the lower end of the lower inclined plate; the side plate has a first strip hole, a second strip hole, and a third strip hole for the first guide shaft, the second guide shaft, and the third guide shaft to slide within it; an eccentric wheel is fixed on the drive shaft, and drive plates are respectively connected to both ends of the first shaft. The drive plate is located inside the side plate, and the drive plate has a hole that mates with the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric wheel.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The seed and fertilizer applicator of the present invention can continuously complete the operations of furrowing, fertilizer discharge, soil separation, sowing, and soil covering and leveling in a single journey. It can achieve the separation of fertilizer layer and seed layer without setting multiple furrowing components at the front and back, which can shorten the overall length of the machine and reduce structural complexity and manufacturing cost. After the tip of the furrower forms a groove, the soil picking mechanism actively throws up the soil on both sides. The top plate guides the thrown soil in the center, so that the soil enters the internal space from directly above the furrower, reducing the soil from flying outward. The guide plate adopts an upper inclined plate and a lower inclined plate to form a "<" shaped structure, which can make full use of the internal space. The soil entering the internal space falls down along the upper inclined plate and covers the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer pipe. The lower inclined plate further scrapes and levels the fertilizer-covering soil and guides the seeds discharged from the sowing pipe, so that the fertilizer, soil separation layer and seeds are layered in the same furrower. The corner position provides a staggered arrangement for the fertilizer application area and the seed application area, which avoids direct contact between fertilizer and seeds, thus preventing seed burn, and also places the fertilizer below the seeds, facilitating continuous fertilization during the subsequent germination and root growth stages.

[0017] (2) In the structure of the soil taking mechanism, the main cutter provides support, the curved cutter forms the soil carrying and throwing function, and the soil taking mechanism can actively add fertilizer soil into the trencher. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A side view of a seed and fertilizer applicator with tiered sowing and fertilization functions; Figure 2 A front view of a seed and fertilizer applicator with tiered sowing and fertilization functions; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the trencher section; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the trencher section; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the seed fertilizer applicator in a preferred embodiment.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Seed metering mechanism; 2-Fertilizer metering mechanism; 3-Furrow opener; 31-Tip; 32-Side plate; 32a-First strip hole; 32b-Second strip hole; 32c-Third strip hole; 33-Internal space; 34-Top plate; 4-Seedling pipe; 5-Fertilizer pipe; 6-Soil taking mechanism; 61-Central blade holder; 62-Soil taking blade; 621-Main blade body; 622-Curved blade body; 7-Guide plate; 71-Upper inclined plate; 72-Lower inclined plate; 7a-Corner position; 8-Drive shaft; 9-Rear baffle; 10-Front baffle; 11-Soil covering mechanism; 111-Soil covering plate; 112-Rod; 113-Torsion spring; 12-Drive element; 131-First guide shaft; 132-Second guide shaft; 133-Third guide shaft; 134-Drive plate; 135-Eccentric wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The seed and fertilizer applicator shown includes a seed metering mechanism 1, a fertilizer metering mechanism 2, a furrow opener 3, a seeding pipe 4, a fertilizer application pipe 5, and a soil covering mechanism 11. The furrow opener 3 has a forward-extending tip 31 at its front end, and a pair of parallel side plates 32 on its rear side, with an open internal space 33 between the pair of side plates 32; the seeding tube 4 is connected to the seed dispensing mechanism 1, and the fertilizer dispensing tube 5 is connected to the fertilizer dispensing mechanism 2; the ends of the seeding tube 4 and the fertilizer dispensing tube 5 are both placed within the internal space 33. like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the top of the trencher 3 is provided with an inverted V-shaped top plate 34, and there are gaps between the top plate 34 and the tops of the two side plates 32. Both sides of the trencher 3 are provided with soil-taking mechanisms 6. The soil-taking mechanisms 6 are used to throw the soil on both sides of the trencher 3 upwards, so that the thrown soil is guided by the top plate 34 and enters the internal space 33 from directly above the trencher 3. like Figure 4 As shown, a guide plate 7 is provided in the internal space 33. The guide plate 7 includes an upper inclined plate 71 and a lower inclined plate 72 that are connected to each other and have opposite inclination directions. The upper inclined plate 71 and the lower inclined plate 72 are arranged vertically and form a "<" shape. The upper inclined plate 71 is inclined backward and upward, and the lower inclined plate 72 is inclined backward and downward. One of the discharge pipes, the seeding pipe 4 and the fertilizer pipe 5, is located in front of the corner position 7a of the guide plate 7, while the other discharge pipe passes through the upper inclined plate 71 and is located above the lower inclined plate 72.

[0022] During operation, the seed dispensing mechanism 1 and the fertilizer dispensing mechanism 2 respectively dispense seeds and fertilizer into the seeding pipe 4 and the fertilizer application pipe 5. The discharge pipe located in front of the corner position 7a discharges the corresponding material to the front side of the guide plate 7, that is, the material discharged first. The discharge pipe passing through the upper inclined plate 71 guides the corresponding material to the top of the lower inclined plate 72, that is, the material discharged later. The soil thrown up by the soil-collecting mechanism 6 is guided by the top plate 34 and enters the internal space 33. Some soil slides down the upper end face of the upper inclined plate 71 and covers the material discharged first. The lower edge of the lower inclined plate 72 scrapes and compacts the soil entering the internal space 33. The material discharged later is guided by the upper end face of the lower inclined plate 72 and falls onto the leveled soil at the bottom of the trench. Then the soil covering mechanism 11 pushes the soil on both sides of the trench into the trench and flattens it.

[0023] The seed and fertilizer applicator of this invention can continuously complete ditching, fertilizer application, soil separation, sowing, and soil covering and leveling operations in a single pass. It achieves fertilizer and seed layer separation without requiring multiple ditching components, shortening the overall machine length and reducing structural complexity and manufacturing costs. After the tip 31 of the furrow opener 3 forms a groove, the soil-collecting mechanism 6 actively throws up the soil from both sides. The top plate 34 guides the thrown soil centrally, allowing it to enter the internal space 33 from directly above the furrow opener 3, reducing soil scattering. The guide plate 7 uses an upper inclined plate 71 and a lower inclined plate 72 connected to form a "<" shape, fully utilizing the internal space 33. The soil entering the internal space 33 falls along the upper inclined plate 71 and covers the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer pipe 5. The lower inclined plate 72 further scrapes and levels the fertilizer-covering soil and guides the seeds discharged from the sowing pipe 4, creating upper and lower layers of fertilizer, soil separation, and seeds within the same furrow opener 3. The corner position 7a provides a staggered arrangement for the fertilizer application area of ​​fertilizer pipe 5 and the seed application area of ​​seeding pipe 4. This avoids direct contact between fertilizer and seeds, which could burn the seeds, and also places the fertilizer below the seeds, which facilitates continuous fertilization during the subsequent germination and root growth stages.

[0024] Preferably, the fertilizer application tube 5 is located in front of the corner position 7a of the guide plate 7, the seeding tube 4 passes through the upper inclined plate 71, and the end of the seeding tube 4 is located above the lower inclined plate 72; the lower end of the fertilizer application tube 5 has a backward-sloping curved section. With this structure, the fertilizer application tube 5 first places the fertilizer at a low position, and the seeding tube 4 guides the seeds above the lower inclined plate 72, forming a layered relationship of fertilizer below and seeds above, reducing the possibility of fertilizer contacting the seeds, and resulting in a more rational layout. Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the present invention can form a layered structure with a fertilizer layer at the bottom, and soil layer one, seed layer, and soil layer two covering it in sequence.

[0025] Preferably, the soil sampling mechanism 6 is a soil sampling wheel, including a central blade holder 61 and multiple soil sampling blades 62, with the multiple soil sampling blades 62 fixed in a circumferential array on the central blade holder 61; The soil-collecting blade 62 includes a main blade body 621 and a curved blade body 622. The main blade body 621 is connected to the central blade holder 61. The curved blade body 622 is located at the end of the main blade body 621 and is offset from the plane of the main blade body 621. When the central blade holder 61 rotates, the main blade body 621 rotates accordingly. The curved blade body 622 picks up the soil on both sides of the trencher 3 and throws it upward, so that the soil enters the internal space 33 under the guidance of the top plate 34.

[0026] In the structure of the soil-taking mechanism 6, the main cutter body 621 provides support, and the curved cutter body 622 forms the function of carrying and throwing soil. The soil-taking mechanism 6 can actively replenish the fertilized soil into the trencher 3.

[0027] Preferably, the two soil-collecting mechanisms 6 located on both sides of the trencher 3 are driven by the same drive shaft 8. One end of the drive shaft 8 is connected to a drive element 12, which can be a motor or a sprocket or other power input component. By driving the two soil-collecting mechanisms 6 with the same drive shaft 8, the soil throwing rhythm on both sides is consistent, reducing the installation space and synchronization adjustment work caused by two sets of transmissions.

[0028] Preferably, the drive shaft 8 passes through the furrow opener 3, and the portion of the drive shaft 8 inside the furrow opener 3 is located inside the corner position 7a of the guide plate 7, and in front of the end of the discharge pipe passing through the upper inclined plate 71. Through this positional relationship, the drive shaft 8 avoids the discharge paths of the seeding pipe 4 and the fertilizer application pipe 5, reducing obstruction to the movement of seeds and fertilizer, and utilizing the space near the corner position 7a ensures the compactness of the structure.

[0029] Preferably, a vertically positioned rear baffle 9 is provided on the rear side of the guide plate 7, and an inclined front baffle 10 is provided on the front side of the guide plate 7. The front baffle 10 is arranged to tilt backward and upward. The front baffle 10 guides the soil thrown upward by the soil-taking mechanism 6 backward, and the rear baffle 9 restricts the soil entering the internal space 33 from continuing to scatter backward. A portion of the soil-taking wheel is placed within the space enclosed by the top plate 34, the rear baffle 9, and the front baffle 10. When the soil-taking wheel rotates, the curved blade 622 passes through the lowest point, then sequentially passes through the foremost point, the highest point, and the last point, and then passes through the lowest point again, rotating continuously in this manner. In conjunction with the guide plate 7, the rear baffle 9, and the front baffle 10, the soil can be effectively gathered. The front baffle 10 restricts the forward scattering of soil, and the rear baffle 9 restricts the backward scattering of soil. The guide plate 7 obtains a stable source of cover soil, improving the stability of the soil barrier layer formation.

[0030] Preferably, the top plate 34 has a turning point located in the middle, directly above the internal space 33. The top plate 34 guides the soil thrown up by the soil-collecting mechanisms 6 on both sides towards the turning point 34c, causing the soil on both sides to collide with each other near the turning point 34c and reduce kinetic energy. The turning point 34c causes the soil on both sides to converge towards the internal space 33 and reduces the kinetic energy of the thrown soil, minimizing the possibility of soil scattering after passing over the trencher 3.

[0031] Preferably, the soil covering mechanism 11 includes a soil covering plate 111, a rod 112, and a torsion spring 113. The soil covering plate 111 is hinged to the rear side of the trencher 3 via the rod 112, and the torsion spring 113 is disposed between the rod 112 and the trencher 3. The soil covering plate 111 is kept in close contact under the action of the torsion spring 113, and the rod 112 provides a rotatable connection, enabling the soil covering mechanism 11 to have the ability to backfill and retract.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a first guide shaft 131 is fixed at the corner of the guide plate 7, and a second guide shaft 132 and a third guide shaft 133 are fixed at the upper end of the upper inclined plate 71 and the lower end of the lower inclined plate 72, respectively. The side plate 32 has a first strip hole 32a, a second strip hole 32b, and a third strip hole 32c, respectively, for the first guide shaft 131, the second guide shaft 132, and the third guide shaft 133 to slide within it. An eccentric wheel 135 is fixed on the drive shaft 8, and a drive plate 134 is connected to both ends of the first shaft 131. The drive plate 134 is located inside the side plate 32, and the drive plate 134 has a hole that mates with the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel 135. With the above structure, when the drive shaft 8 rotates, it can drive the eccentric wheel 135 to rotate. The eccentric wheel 135 drives the drive plate 134 to reciprocate, which in turn causes the entire guide plate 7 to reciprocate. This can promote the faster sliding and falling of soil and seeds on the upper inclined plate 71 and the lower inclined plate 72, preventing materials from accumulating on the inclined plates. To cooperate with the reciprocating movement of the guide plate 7, the discharge pipe passing through the upper front material plate 7-1 is a flexible pipe.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function, comprising a seed metering mechanism (1), a fertilizer metering mechanism (2), a furrow opener (3), a sowing pipe (4), a fertilizer application pipe (5), and a soil covering mechanism (11). The furrow opener (3) has a pair of parallel side plates (32) on its rear side, and an internal space (33) is formed between the pair of side plates (32); the seeding tube (4) is connected to the seed dispensing mechanism (1), and the fertilizer dispensing tube (5) is connected to the fertilizer dispensing mechanism (2); the ends of the seeding tube (4) and the fertilizer dispensing tube (5) are both placed within the internal space (33); characterized in that: The top of the trencher (3) is provided with an inverted V-shaped top plate (34), and there is a gap between the top plate (34) and the top of the two side plates (32); Soil-taking mechanisms (6) are provided on both sides of the trencher (3). The soil-taking mechanisms (6) are used to throw the soil on both sides of the trencher (3) upwards, so that the thrown soil is guided by the top plate (34) and enters the internal space (33) from directly above the trencher (3). The internal space (33) is provided with a guide plate (7), which includes an upper inclined plate (71) and a lower inclined plate (72) that are connected to each other and have opposite inclination directions. The upper inclined plate (71) is inclined backward and upward, and the lower inclined plate (72) is inclined backward and downward. One of the seeding pipe (4) and the fertilizer pipe (5) is located in front of the corner position (7a) of the guide plate (7), and the other discharge pipe passes through the upper inclined plate (71) and is located above the lower inclined plate (72).

2. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer tube (5) is located in front of the corner position (7a) of the guide plate (7), the seeding tube (4) passes through the upper inclined plate (71), and the end of the seeding tube (4) is located above the lower inclined plate (72); the lower end of the fertilizer tube (5) has a backward-inclined curved section.

3. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil sampling mechanism (6) is a soil sampling wheel, including a central blade holder (61) and multiple soil sampling blades (62), with the multiple soil sampling blades (62) arranged in a circumferential array and fixed on the central blade holder (61); The soil-taking knife (62) includes a main blade body (621) and a curved blade body (622). The main blade body (621) is connected to the central blade holder (61), and the curved blade body (622) is located at the end of the main blade body (621) and is offset from the plane of the main blade body (621).

4. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two soil-taking mechanisms (6) located on both sides of the trencher (3) are driven by the same drive shaft (8), one end of which is connected to a drive element (12).

5. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive shaft (8) passes through the trencher (3), and the portion of the drive shaft (8) inside the trencher (3) is located inside the corner position (7a) of the guide plate (7) and in front of the end of the discharge pipe passing through the upper inclined plate (71).

6. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (7) is provided with a vertically placed rear baffle (9) on its rear side and an inclined front baffle (10) on its front side. The front baffle (10) is arranged to be inclined backward and upward.

7. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (34) has a turning point in the middle, which is located directly above the interior space (33).

8. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering mechanism (11) includes a soil covering plate (111), a rod (112) and a torsion spring (113). The soil covering plate (111) is hinged to the rear side of the trencher (3) through the rod (112), and the torsion spring (113) is disposed between the rod (112) and the trencher (3).

9. The seed and fertilizer applicator with layered sowing and fertilization function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide plate (7) has a first guide shaft (131) fixed at the corner position. The upper end of the upper inclined plate (71) and the lower end of the lower inclined plate (72) are respectively fixed with a second guide shaft (132) and a third guide shaft (133). The side plate (32) has a first strip hole (32a), a second strip hole (32b) and a third strip hole (32c) for the first guide shaft (131), the second guide shaft (132) and the third guide shaft (133) to slide in it respectively. An eccentric wheel (135) is fixed on the drive shaft (8). The two ends of the first shaft (131) are respectively connected to a drive plate (134). The drive plate (134) is located inside the side plate (32). The drive plate (134) has a hole that mates with the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel (135).

Images