A hormone treatment method for promoting ornamental pomegranate flower table setting

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hormone treatment methods for promoting ornamental pomegranate flower table cabinet, belong to ornamental pomegranate flower type regulation technical field.The hormone treatment method includes: in ornamental pomegranate's bud stage middle and late period, using the mass concentration of 10-30 mg / L naphthalene acetic acid is sprayed, and the time interval of spraying bud is 1-2 days;Bud stage middle and late period are determined by the following standards: the longitudinal diameter of bud is greater than or equal to 2.0 cm or the transverse diameter is greater than or equal to 1.5 cm, and the longitudinal diameter-transverse diameter ratio of bud is greater than or equal to 1.0, and the crack of bud is greater than or equal to 7.0;For promoting flower table cabinet, ornamental pomegranate is double type variety;Spray hormone solution bud is single bud or cluster middle bud, and remove cluster around bud in each spraying process.The hormone treatment method provided by the application can significantly improve the flower table cabinet rate (calyx table cabinet rate) of ornamental pomegranate by 20-24% at a lower cost, effectively promotes the change of ornamental pomegranate flower from double type to table cabinet type.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ornamental pomegranate flower shape regulation technology, and in particular to a hormone treatment method for promoting the tiered development of ornamental pomegranate flowers. Background Technology

[0002] Ornamental pomegranate ( Punica granatum Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a garden tree species belonging to the genus Punica granatum in the family Lythraceae. It is prized for its beautiful shape, long flowering period, vibrant flower colors, red leaves in spring, yellow leaves in autumn, and unique fruit, making it highly valuable for landscaping. Based on flower shape, ornamental pomegranates can be divided into four groups: single-petaled, double-petaled, multi-petaled, and "pavilion" varieties. Single-petaled flowers have only one whorl, double-petaled flowers have 5-7 whorls of petals, multi-petaled flowers have 7 or more whorls of petals, and "pavilion" varieties have a double-flowered shape, resembling a "flower within a flower" or "flower penetrating the stem." The "pavilion" flower is formed by extreme compression of the flower branch, with two flowers overlapping, usually with the lower flower opening before the upper one. Among ornamental plants, the "pavilion" flower has a unique flower shape and extremely high ornamental value, as seen in peony 'Zhihong', osmanthus 'Tianxiang Taige', and calendula 'Jin Zhangzhi'.

[0003] Current breeding research on the peony flower type mainly focuses on molecular breeding related to the analysis of flower bud differentiation and flower development genes. Existing studies have shown that the organs of the superior flowers in the peony flower type develop from carpel primordia (Lian Yongshan, 2004); in the original female mutant branches of the Osmanthus fragrans 'Tianxiang Taige', the sexual organs undergo vegetative organ transformation, causing the positions that originally differentiated into pistils to develop into branches (Wang Yan, 2010); the flower organ regulatory genes PsMADS5, PsMADS7, and PsMADS12 are speculated to participate in regulating the differentiation of stamen and pistil primordia and the development of sepals and petals in peonies, and to play a role in the petalization of stamens in the peony flower type (Tang Wenlong, 2018). However, the above molecular breeding methods have limitations such as high cost and long breeding cycles. Furthermore, due to the complexity of the regulation of peony flower type development, no clear research conclusions or widely applicable technical systems have yet been formed.

[0004] Furthermore, plant hormones have been proven to play a crucial regulatory role in the development of tiered flowers. Studies have shown that treatment with paclobutrazol, hydrazine butyrate, and chlormequat chloride can significantly increase the number of tiered flowers in Osmanthus fragrans (Shen Baichun et al., 2013); auxin treatment can effectively increase the proportion of double-petaled flowers in peony (Invention Patent CN 121444797 A "A Method for Enhancing the Double-Petaled Flower Type of Peony"). The technical approach of inducing tiered flower formation through hormone treatment has advantages such as low cost, rapid results, simple operation, and suitability for industrial production. However, to date, there are no research conclusions or patent applications regarding the promotion of tiered flower formation in ornamental pomegranate through hormone treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to develop a hormone treatment method that can promote the tiered formation of ornamental pomegranate flowers to fill the existing research gap and promote the development of the ornamental pomegranate industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hormone treatment method to promote the tiered development of ornamental pomegranate flowers, which can significantly increase the tiered development rate of ornamental pomegranate flowers, thereby solving the problem of low tiered development rate in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a hormone treatment method to promote the tiered growth of ornamental pomegranate flowers, the hormone treatment method comprising: Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was sprayed onto the flower buds of ornamental pomegranates at a concentration of 10-30 mg / L.

[0007] Optionally, the spraying can be applied during the mid-to-late bud stage of ornamental pomegranates.

[0008] Optionally, the criteria for determining the middle and late stages of the budding period are: the longitudinal diameter of the bud is ≥2.0cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 cracks; or, the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.5cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 cracks.

[0009] Optionally, when spraying the naphthaleneacetic acid, spray once every 1-2 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

[0010] Optionally, the ornamental pomegranate variety is a double-flowered variety.

[0011] Optionally, the flower buds sprayed with the naphthaleneacetic acid solution are either solitary buds or clustered central buds, and the surrounding buds of the cluster are removed during each spraying process.

[0012] Optionally, when spraying the naphthaleneacetic acid solution, press the nozzle 3-5 times for each flower bud each time until the surface of the ornamental pomegranate flower bud is moist and no liquid droplets are dripping.

[0013] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention discloses a hormone treatment method to promote the tiered formation of ornamental pomegranate flowers. The method includes spraying the flower buds of ornamental pomegranates with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at a concentration of 10-30 mg / L. The effect of NAA on increasing the number of sepals and the tiered formation rate of ornamental pomegranate flowers is essentially a comprehensive physiological and molecular regulatory process in which exogenous hormone signals regulate the balance of endogenous hormones, prolong the active period of flower bud meristems, and synergistically promote the targeted accumulation of nutrients, ultimately inducing an increase in the number of flower organs and morphological variations (i.e., tiered formation).

[0014] The results of the embodiments show that the hormone treatment method provided by the present invention can significantly increase the number of sepals and the rate of flower bud peduncle (sepal peduncle rate) of ornamental pomegranate by 20%-24% (the peduncle rate of the treatment group is calculated by directly subtracting the peduncle rate of the control group). It is also low-cost and simple to operate, effectively promoting the transformation of ornamental pomegranate flowers from double-petaled to peduncle-shaped. Ornamental pomegranates cultivated using the method described in this invention have a unique peduncle flower morphology and possess strong horticultural ornamental value, scientific education value, and germplasm resource value. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 The effect of naphthaleneacetic acid treatment on the pedestalization rate of ornamental pomegranate flowers (A) and the phenotypic characteristics of pedestal flowers (B), pedestal calyx (C), and pedestal buds (D) of ornamental pomegranate; Figure 2 Figure 1 shows the effect of different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the pedestal formation rate of ornamental pomegranate flowers. Figure 2 The difference between the 10-30 mg / L hormone treatment and the control group was extremely significant. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0019] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0020] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0021] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0022] Example 1 To explore the effects of hormone treatment on different flower types of ornamental pomegranate varieties, two experimental materials were set up: single-petaled varieties and double-petaled varieties. Furthermore, to explore the effects of different types and concentrations of hormones on important indicators of the pedestal formation of ornamental pomegranate flowers (number of sepals and pedestal formation rate), experimental and control groups were set up. The hormone treatments for the experimental groups were naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (10 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) (50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 150 mg / L), abscisic acid (ABA) (50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 150 mg / L), and ethephon (ETH) (10 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L). The control group (CK) was water.

[0023] During the mid-spring bud stage of the ornamental pomegranate double-flowered variety 'Nanlin Double-Flower Red' and the ornamental pomegranate single-flowered variety 'Nanlin Single-Flower Red', the flower buds of both varieties were sprayed every other day for a total of two sprays. Each time, the nozzle was pressed 3-5 times until the surface of the flower bud was moist but no liquid dripped. A total of 13 treatments were conducted, with 3 plants of each variety as replicates. For each treatment, 10 flower buds were randomly selected from each plant for spraying.

[0024] The criteria for determining the middle and late stages of the budding period are as follows: (1) Double-flowered varieties: the longitudinal diameter of the bud is ≥2.0cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 cracks; or, the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.5cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 cracks; (2) Single-flowered varieties: the longitudinal diameter of the bud is ≥1.5cm or the transverse diameter is ≥1.0cm, and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0.

[0025] The flower buds sprayed with hormone solutions in treatments 2-12 were either solitary or clustered central buds, and the buds around the periphery of the clusters were removed during each spraying. Since the number of sepals significantly increases and the sepals become double-layered after the ornamental pomegranate flower undergoes pedicure, the pedicure state of the ornamental pomegranate can be confirmed by measuring the number of sepals and the pedicure rate. The pedicure rate is equal to the pedicure rate. During the peak flowering period, the number of sepals and the pedicure rate (sepal pedicure rate) of the two varieties were statistically analyzed, where the pedicure rate (sepal pedicure rate) = number of flowers forming double-layered sepals / total number of flowers.

[0026] The statistical results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Figure 1 Table 1 shows that spraying various concentrations of NAA, MeJA, ABA, and ETH did not significantly increase the number of sepals or the rate of calyx peduncle (calyx peduncle rate) in single-petaled flower varieties.

[0027] Table 1. Effects of different hormone treatments on the number of sepals and the sepal peduncle rate of single-petaled varieties. Note: Compared with the control group, the same letter in the same column indicates no significant difference.

[0028] As shown in Table 2, compared with the control group, the double-flowered varieties sprayed with 10 mg / L NAA had the highest number of sepals (10.77), which was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01). Spraying with any concentration of MeJA, ABA, and ETH did not significantly increase the number of sepals in the double-flowered varieties. The double-flowered varieties sprayed with 10 mg / L NAA had the highest rate of sepal pedicure (56.67%), which was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01). Spraying with any concentration of MeJA, ABA, and ETH did not significantly increase the number of sepals in the double-flowered varieties.

[0029] Table 2. Effects of different hormone treatments on the number of sepals and the sepal peduncle rate of double-flowered varieties. Note: Compared with the control group, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate highly significant differences (P<0.01).

[0030] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, spraying with 10 mg / L NAA can significantly increase the number of sepals and the rate of flower pedestal formation (sepal pedestal rate) in double-flowered ornamental pomegranate varieties, thus significantly enhancing the flower pedestal formation of double-flowered ornamental pomegranate varieties.

[0031] Example 2 To further explore the application concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), experimental and control groups were set up. The experimental groups were treated with NAA at concentrations of 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 40 mg / L, and 50 mg / L, while the control group (CK) received water. During the mid-spring bud stage of the ornamental pomegranate double-flowered variety 'Nanlin Double-Flower Red', the flower buds of both pomegranate varieties were sprayed every other day for a total of two applications. There were six treatments in total, with three replicates per plant. For each treatment, ten flower buds were randomly selected from each plant for spraying. Each time, the nozzle was pressed 3-5 times until the surface of the ornamental pomegranate flower bud was moist but without dripping.

[0032] The criteria for determining the mid-to-late bud stage are as follows: For double-flowered varieties: the longitudinal diameter of the bud is ≥2.0cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 lobes; or, the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.5cm, the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 lobes. The buds sprayed with hormone solution are either solitary buds or central buds in a cluster, and the buds surrounding the cluster are removed during each spraying. At peak flowering (when 50% of the flowers on the tree are open), the rate of calyx formation (calyx formation rate) is calculated. The calyx formation rate (calyx formation rate) = number of flowers forming a double calyx / total number of flowers.

[0033] Statistical results are shown below Figure 2 It is evident that the rates of flower bud pedestal formation (calyx pedestal formation) in NAA treatments of 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, and 30 mg / L were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), and also higher than those in the 40 mg / L and 50 mg / L treatment groups. Therefore, spraying with 10-30 mg / L NAA can significantly increase the rate of flower bud pedestal formation (calyx pedestal formation) in double-flowered ornamental pomegranate varieties, thus significantly enhancing the pedestal formation of ornamental pomegranate flowers.

[0034] In summary, this invention, through the selection of hormone type and concentration, treats the flower buds of ornamental pomegranate varieties with different flower types, screening out hormone treatment methods and applicable varieties that can significantly improve the tiered flower formation rate of ornamental pomegranates. The hormone treatment method for promoting the tiered flower formation rate of ornamental pomegranates provided by this invention can significantly increase the tiered flower formation rate (calyx tiered rate) of ornamental pomegranates by 20-24% with simple operation and low cost (the calyx tiered rate of the treatment group is calculated by directly subtracting the calyx tiered rate of the control group), effectively promoting the transformation of ornamental pomegranate flowers from double-petaled to tiered-type. This invention is of great significance in the industrialization of ornamental pomegranate cultivation, flower shape regulation technology, and the application of plant growth regulators, and provides reference value for the application of flower shape promotion in other ornamental plants.

[0035] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hormone treatment method to promote the tiered appearance of ornamental pomegranate flowers, characterized in that, The hormone treatment method includes: Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was sprayed onto the flower buds of ornamental pomegranates. The mass concentration of the sprayed NAA solution was 10-30 mg / L.

2. The hormone treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The timing of the spraying includes the mid-to-late bud stage of ornamental pomegranates.

3. The hormone treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The criteria for determining the middle and late stages of the budding period are as follows: the longitudinal diameter of the bud is ≥2.0cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 cracks; or, the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.5cm and the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the bud is ≥1.0, and the bud has ≥7.0 cracks.

4. The hormone treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When spraying the naphthaleneacetic acid, spray once every 1-2 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

5. The hormone treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ornamental pomegranate variety is a double-petaled variety.

6. The hormone treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flower buds sprayed with the naphthaleneacetic acid solution are either solitary buds or clustered buds with a central central bud, and the buds around the clustered buds are removed during each spraying process.

7. The hormone treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When spraying the naphthaleneacetic acid solution, press the nozzle 3-5 times for each flower bud until the surface of the ornamental pomegranate flower bud is moist and no liquid droplets are dripping.

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