A directional rheolytic catheter and directional rheolytic system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and provides a directional rheological thrombus removing catheter and a directional rheological thrombus removing system. The directional rheological thrombus removing catheter comprises a catheter body, a rheological thrombus removing assembly, a fiber imaging assembly and a balloon. The distal end of the catheter body is provided with a water outlet window, a directional suction window and an imaging window. The rheological thrombus removing assembly generates negative pressure by high-pressure jetting fluid to suck thrombus. The fiber imaging assembly is used to acquire real-time images of the inner wall of a blood vessel. The balloon, when inflated, pushes away blood between the imaging window and the inner wall of the blood vessel to form a transparent imaging area. The balloon is axially or circumferentially staggered with the suction window and the jetting port, so as to keep the fluid passage of the rheological thrombus removing assembly unobstructed when the balloon is inflated. The present application creates a transparent field of view for fiber imaging by balloon blood displacement, and realizes compatibility of imaging and thrombus removing functions by staggered arrangement, so that precise targeted removal can be performed under direct vision, and the thoroughness and safety of thrombus removal are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a directional rheology thrombectomy catheter and a directional rheology thrombectomy system. Background Technology

[0002] Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities is a common and critical vascular emergency in clinical practice. Once a thrombus breaks off, it can travel through the bloodstream to the pulmonary artery, causing pulmonary embolism, which has an extremely high mortality rate. Simultaneously, severe obstruction of venous return in the lower extremities can lead to a sharp increase in tissue tension, compressing arteries and causing acute limb ischemia. If not treated promptly, this can rapidly develop into venous gangrene, posing a risk of amputation or even death. Currently, rheological thrombectomy catheters based on Bernoulli's principle are widely used in the endovascular interventional treatment of DVT in the lower extremities. These catheters utilize a high-pressure jet and aspiration port at the tip to generate local negative pressure (Venturi effect) at the catheter tip using high-speed jets of saline. This breaks up the thrombus, which is then aspirated into the catheter and removed from the body, offering minimally invasive advantages such as minimal trauma and rapid recovery.

[0003] However, existing rheology thrombectomy catheters still have the following technical problems in clinical applications: First, the lack of real-time intraoperative image guidance makes precise intravascular localization impossible. Current rheology thrombectomy procedures rely entirely on DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography) for navigation, but DSA can only display the overall filling defects of the lumen and cannot provide real-time images of the vessel wall. Some mural thrombi adhering closely to the vessel wall or organized old thrombi are difficult to identify in DSA angiography, and the operator cannot directly determine whether the aspiration window is aligned with the target lesion, posing a risk of incomplete removal. Second, the scattering and absorption of light by blood hinders the application of fiber optic imaging technology in thrombectomy. Fiber optic imaging technology can provide direct images of the vessel wall, but red blood cells in the blood vessels strongly scatter and absorb light, making it impossible for fiber optic imaging components to acquire clear images in a blood environment. While existing technologies propose integrating optical fibers or miniature cameras onto catheters to acquire intravascular images, the lack of effective hemodialysis imaging methods makes it difficult for the imaging window of the optical fiber to obtain valuable image information in a blood-filled lumen. This limits the direct visualization advantage of such solutions in actual surgery. Third, there is a spatial conflict between balloon placement and rheological thrombectomy functionality. To obtain clear direct images, some solutions propose placing a balloon on the catheter, using its inflation to displace blood in front of the imaging window and create a transparent imaging environment. However, once the balloon is placed at the distal end of the catheter, its volume expansion during inflation inevitably affects the original function of the catheter, particularly potentially obstructing the high-pressure jet or aspiration window. This obstructs the fluid pathway of the rheological thrombectomy components, causing the catheter to lose its thrombectomy function or significantly reduce thrombectomy efficiency when the balloon is inflated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this invention aims to address the problems in existing rheological thrombectomy catheters, such as the lack of real-time intraoperative image guidance, the inability to achieve precise positioning under direct intravascular visualization, the scattering and absorption effects of blood on light hindering the application of fiber optic imaging technology in thrombectomy, and the spatial conflict between balloon placement and rheological thrombectomy function. In this way, it provides a directional rheological thrombectomy catheter and a directional rheological thrombectomy system.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: On one hand, the present invention provides a directional rheology thrombectomy catheter, comprising: a catheter body, wherein the distal end of the catheter body is provided with at least one water outlet window, at least one directional aspiration window, and an imaging window; a rheology thrombectomy assembly disposed at the distal end of the catheter body, for providing high-pressure fluid to the water outlet window to break up thrombi, and for generating local negative pressure at the directional aspiration window; a fiber optic imaging assembly including a fiber bundle extending along the catheter body and a light source, the distal end of the fiber optic imaging assembly being correspondingly disposed with respect to the imaging window, for acquiring real-time images of the area adjacent to the directional aspiration window; and a balloon disposed on the distal periphery of the catheter body, wherein the balloon expands radially and locally adheres to the inner wall of the blood vessel when inflated, to displace blood between the imaging window and the inner wall of the blood vessel and form a locally transparent imaging area; the balloon is offset from the directional aspiration window and the water outlet window in the axial or circumferential direction, so as to keep the fluid passage of the rheology thrombectomy assembly unobstructed when the balloon is inflated.

[0006] Furthermore, there are two balloons, which are axially spaced apart on the distal periphery of the catheter body, and the directional aspiration window, the imaging window, and the water outlet window are all located between the two balloons.

[0007] Furthermore, the balloon is connected to the outer wall of the catheter body; a pressure chamber is provided inside the catheter body, and the inlet of the pressure chamber is connected to an external pressure device; an air inlet is provided on the side wall of the catheter body at a position adapted to the balloon, and the air inlet connects the balloon and the outlet of the pressure chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the balloon is coated with a low coefficient of friction, and the catheter body can rotate circumferentially relative to the inner wall of the blood vessel when the balloon is inflated.

[0009] Furthermore, the imaging window is located axially between the water outlet window and the directional suction window, and the field of view of the imaging window is consistent with the opening direction of the directional suction window.

[0010] Furthermore, when inflated, the balloon allows some blood flow to pass axially through the gap between the balloon and the inner wall of the blood vessel to maintain distal blood perfusion.

[0011] Furthermore, the rheological thrombus removal assembly includes a water spray pipe and a water pump connected to the water spray pipe. The distal end of the water spray pipe is provided with a water spray ring, and the water spray ring is provided with a high-pressure jet nozzle. The high-pressure jet nozzles are all pointed towards the water outlet window so that the high-speed water flow hits the hole wall of the water outlet window and scatters outward.

[0012] Furthermore, the distal end of the catheter body is provided with at least one radiopaque radiopaque marker, which is located on the same circumferential side as the directional aspiration window.

[0013] Furthermore, the balloon is a C-shaped balloon; or, the balloon is a ring-shaped balloon with several longitudinal guide grooves on its surface; or, the balloon is a balloon with a corrugated, inflatable, irregularly shaped body.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a directional rheological thrombectomy system, including the directional rheological thrombectomy catheter described in any one of the above.

[0015] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: The directional rheology thrombectomy catheter provided by this invention integrates a fiber optic imaging component at the distal end of the catheter. Using fiber optic bundles and a light source, it acquires real-time images of the vessel wall, allowing the operator to directly observe the morphology of the vessel wall, the location and extent of the thrombus. This overcomes the limitation of existing DSA angiography, which can only display filling defects in the lumen and cannot present real-time images of the vessel wall. Simultaneously, the field of view of the imaging window is aligned with the opening direction of the directional aspiration window, ensuring that the area observed by the fiber optic imaging component is the area targeted by the aspiration window. This achieves precise targeted removal and avoids damage to the normal vessel wall caused by blind operation.

[0016] The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter provided by this invention features a wall-adhering balloon at the distal end of the catheter. When inflated, the balloon expands radially and locally adheres to the inner wall of the blood vessel, displacing blood between the imaging window and the vessel wall. This eliminates interference from light scattering and absorption by red blood cells, creating a locally transparent imaging environment. This allows the fiber optic imaging component to acquire clear and stable real-time images of the vessel wall. This design overcomes the inherent limitation of existing fiber optic imaging components in achieving clear imaging in a blood environment, enabling fiber optic direct-view imaging technology to truly play a positioning and navigation role in rheological thrombectomy.

[0017] The directional rheology-based thrombectomy catheter provided by this invention features a balloon that is offset from the directional aspiration window and high-pressure jet nozzle in the axial or circumferential direction. This ensures that the balloon does not obstruct the aspiration window and jet nozzle during inflation, and that the fluid pathway of the rheology-based thrombectomy assembly remains unobstructed at all times. While the balloon inflates and drains blood to provide a transparent field of view for fiber optic imaging, the rheology-based thrombectomy assembly can be activated simultaneously or sequentially for directional aspiration, avoiding the dilemma in existing technologies where balloon obstruction leads to incompatibility between imaging and thrombectomy.

[0018] The directional rheology thrombectomy catheter and system provided by this invention allow partial blood flow axially through the gap between the balloon and the vessel wall when the balloon is inflated, maintaining distal blood perfusion and avoiding the risk of distal tissue ischemia caused by prolonged balloon inflation. It eliminates the limitation of tissue ischemia tolerance time, providing ample operating window for complex or lengthy surgeries. The low-friction coefficient coating on the balloon surface allows the catheter body to rotate circumferentially relative to the vessel wall even when the balloon is inflated. The operator can adjust the imaging and aspiration direction by rotating the catheter body, eliminating the need for repeated balloon inflation and deflation, thus improving operational efficiency and convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the directional rheology thrombectomy catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water spray pipe in the directional rheological thrombectomy conduit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the directional rheology thrombectomy catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the radial cross-sectional structure of the fiber optic imaging component in the directional rheological thrombectomy catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the balloon in the directional rheology thrombectomy catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention when it is inflated; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the balloon in the directional rheology thrombectomy catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention when it is in a contracted state.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Catheter body; 101. Water outlet window; 102. Directional aspiration window; 103. Imaging window; 104. Compression chamber; 105. Air inlet; 106. Top hole; 2. Fiber optic imaging assembly; 201. Fiber bundle; 202. Light source; 3. Balloon; 301. Low friction coefficient coating; 4. Water jet pipe; 401. Water jet ring; 402. High-pressure jet nozzle; 5. Imaging marker; 6. Inner wall of blood vessel; 7. Thrombus. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and defined, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a directional rheology thrombectomy catheter, which has an overall slender, flexible tubular structure and a proximal end located on the operator's side (i.e., Figure 1 The right end of the middle section) and the distal end used to extend into the blood vessel (i.e., the right end) and the distal end used to extend into the blood vessel. Figure 1 (Left end of the catheter). The catheter mainly consists of a catheter body 1, a rheology thrombectomy assembly, a fiber optic imaging assembly 2, and a balloon 3.

[0027] The catheter body 1 can be made of medical-grade polymer materials, such as polyurethane, polyether block amide (PEBAX), or nylon, which have good biocompatibility. This allows the catheter body 1 to have sufficient flexibility and delivery capability, enabling smooth delivery along the vascular pathway to the target location. The outer diameter of the catheter body 1 can be selected according to clinical needs. For example, in one optional implementation, the outer diameter of the catheter body 1 is 6Fr to 10Fr, and the effective length is 90cm to 135cm, to accommodate the vascular anatomy of patients in different locations and with different body types. The distal end of the catheter body 1 is provided with a top hole 106, through which a guidewire can pass. The guidewire can guide the catheter within the blood vessel to the target lesion location, providing track support for catheter delivery.

[0028] The distal sidewall of the catheter body 1 has at least one water outlet window 101, at least one directional aspiration window 102, and an imaging window 103. These windows are distributed on the distal sidewall of the catheter body 1 at predetermined axial and circumferential positions, each performing a different function. The water outlet window 101 is used to eject high-pressure fluid to impact and break up thrombi; the directional aspiration window 102 is used to aspirate thrombus fragments under local negative pressure; and the imaging window 103 is used to allow illumination light to exit and reflected light to enter, so as to achieve real-time imaging of the vascular wall.

[0029] The catheter body 1 has multiple axially extending cavities inside, including an optical fiber channel for housing the optical fiber imaging component 2, a high-pressure fluid channel for delivering high-pressure fluid, and a pressure chamber 104 for connecting to the balloon 3. Each cavity is independently arranged and configured according to a predetermined pattern on the cross-section of the catheter body 1. The pressure chamber 104 is an elongated cavity extending axially along the catheter body 1. Its inlet is located at the proximal end of the catheter body 1 for communication with an external pressure device, and its outlet extends to a position on the distal sidewall of the catheter body 1 adapted to the balloon 3. The pressure chamber 104 is used to deliver the pressurizing medium provided by the external pressure device into the balloon 3, causing the balloon 3 to inflate. The pressurizing medium can be a gaseous medium (such as air or carbon dioxide) or a liquid medium (such as saline or contrast agent). The choice of different types of media depends on the specific needs of the clinical scenario. Gaseous media have a fast response speed and rapid inflation and deflation, making them suitable for intermittent working modes that require frequent switching of balloon states. Liquid media have more stable pressure transmission and maintain the shape of the balloon for a longer period of time after inflation, making them suitable for scenarios that require long-term blood flow imaging.

[0030] The proximal end of the catheter body 1 is provided with a connector or fitting assembly (not shown in the figure) for connecting each cavity to the corresponding external device. For example, the proximal end of the high-pressure fluid channel can be connected to a water pump via a connector; the inlet of the pressure chamber 104 can be connected to a pressure device via a connector; and the proximal end of the fiber optic imaging assembly 2 can be connected to an image processing terminal via a fiber optic connector.

[0031] The rheology-based thrombectomy assembly is located at the distal end of the catheter body 1. It provides high-pressure fluid to the outlet window 101 to break up the thrombus 7 and generates local negative pressure at the directional aspiration window 102, thereby breaking up the thrombus 7 and aspirating it out of the body. The rheology-based thrombectomy assembly works based on Bernoulli's principle (Venturi effect). By generating local negative pressure at the catheter tip through high-speed jet of fluid, the thrombus is broken up, aspirated into the catheter, and then expelled from the body.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the rheological thrombectomy assembly includes a water jet pipe 4 and a water pump (not shown) connected to the water jet pipe 4. The water jet pipe 4 is a slender metal tube extending axially along the catheter body 1 and disposed within a high-pressure fluid channel inside the catheter body 1. Its proximal end is connected to the water pump, and its distal end extends to a position near the distal end of the catheter body 1. The water jet pipe 4 can be made of medical-grade stainless steel (such as 304 or 316L stainless steel), with a surface treated by electrochemical polishing to a roughness Ra of no more than 0.2 μm, in order to reduce fluid resistance and prevent thrombus adhesion. A water jet ring 401 is provided at the distal end of the water jet pipe 4. The water jet ring 401 is an annular component connected to the distal end of the water jet pipe 4, and a number of high-pressure jet nozzles 402 are provided on the sidewall of the annular component. The number of high-pressure jet nozzles 402 can be set from 2 to 8 as needed, and each high-pressure jet nozzle 402 is evenly distributed circumferentially on the water jet ring 401. The high-pressure jet nozzle 402 has a diameter of approximately 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm and is used to eject high-pressure fluid in the form of a high-speed jet. Each high-pressure jet nozzle 402 points towards the water outlet window 101, meaning the jet direction of the high-pressure jet nozzle 402 is towards the location of the water outlet window 101. When the water pump starts, it pressurizes medical fluids such as saline to a predetermined pressure (e.g., 300 psi to 10000 psi). The high-pressure fluid is delivered through the spray pipe 4 to the spray ring 401 and ejected from the high-pressure jet nozzle 402 at extremely high speeds (up to 100 m / s or more), exiting through the water outlet window 101 on the side wall of the catheter body 1 to the outside of the catheter. The high-speed water jet impacts the orifice wall of the water outlet window 101. Due to the obstruction and scattering effect of the orifice wall, the high-speed water jet is dispersed into multiple scattered streams, impacting the thrombus 7 within the blood vessel in different directions, cutting and tearing the thrombus 7 into tiny fragments.

[0033] Meanwhile, according to Bernoulli's principle, a high-speed fluid flow generates a low-pressure zone in its flow direction. When the high-speed jet exits from the outlet window 101 and flows near the directional suction window 102, the static pressure at the directional suction window 102 decreases significantly, forming a local negative pressure (i.e., the Venturi effect). This local negative pressure draws the broken thrombus fragments, along with the surrounding blood, into the directional suction window 102. The fragments are then transported to an external collection container through the suction channel inside the catheter body 1. Throughout the process, the breaking up and suction of the thrombus 7 occur almost simultaneously, achieving highly efficient rheological thrombectomy.

[0034] In an optional implementation, the water spray ring 401 can be a split structure, meaning the water spray ring 401 is fixedly connected to the distal end of the water spray pipe 4 by threaded connection, laser welding, or bonding, facilitating assembly and replacement. The high-pressure spray nozzles 402 on the water spray ring 401 can be formed by laser processing, electrical discharge machining, or precision machining to ensure the dimensional and positional accuracy of each high-pressure spray nozzle 402.

[0035] The fiber optic imaging component 2 is used to acquire real-time images of the area adjacent to the directional aspiration window 102, enabling the surgeon to directly observe the morphology of the vessel wall, the location and extent of the thrombus. The fiber optic imaging component 2 operates based on fiber optic image transmission technology, transmitting images through the fiber bundle 201 to provide the surgeon with real-time direct images of the vessel wall.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the fiber optic imaging assembly 2 includes a fiber optic bundle 201 extending along the catheter body 1 and a light source 202. The fiber optic bundle 201 consists of multiple optical fibers, extending from the proximal end to the distal end along independent channels inside the catheter body 1. The proximal end of the fiber optic bundle 201 is connected to an image processing terminal (not shown) for transmitting the acquired image signals to the image processing terminal for processing and display. The distal end of the fiber optic bundle 201 is correspondingly positioned to the imaging window 103, i.e., the distal end face of the fiber optic bundle 201 is located at or adjacent to the imaging window 103, for receiving light signals reflected from the inner wall of the blood vessel and transmitting them to the proximal end.

[0037] Light source 202 provides illumination to the area of ​​the blood vessel wall in front of imaging window 103. Light source 202 can be positioned at the proximal end of catheter body 1, transmitting light to the distal end via an illumination fiber; alternatively, it can be directly positioned at the distal end of catheter body 1 as a separate illumination element. In an optional embodiment, light source 202 is a light-emitting diode (LED) or laser diode, emitting light with wavelengths in the visible or near-infrared range. Figure 4In the optional embodiment shown, the light source 202 is a ring of illumination optical fibers arranged circumferentially around the imaging window 103. The illumination optical fibers are connected to an external light source, transmitting illumination light to the imaging window 103 and illuminating it outwards to provide uniform illumination to the imaging area. The fiber bundle 201 is located in the inner ring of the illumination optical fibers and is used to collect light signals reflected from the inner wall of the blood vessel and transmit images.

[0038] In another alternative implementation, the fiber bundle 201 in the fiber optic imaging assembly 2 can also be replaced with a miniature camera element. The miniature camera element can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, with a small size (e.g., an outer diameter of less than 1 mm), and can be directly positioned at the imaging window 103, transmitting the acquired image signal to the near-end image processing terminal via a signal line. The miniature camera element solution offers advantages such as high image quality and good color reproduction, making it suitable for clinical applications with high imaging quality requirements.

[0039] The working process of the fiber optic imaging component 2 is as follows: Illumination light emitted by the light source 202 is projected onto the inner wall 6 of the blood vessel through the imaging window 103. The illumination light is reflected and scattered on the surface of the inner wall 6. The reflected and scattered light, carrying tissue morphology information, enters the distal end face of the fiber optic bundle 201 through the imaging window 103 and is transmitted to the proximal image processing terminal via the fiber optic bundle 201. The image processing terminal performs photoelectric conversion, amplification, digitization, and image reconstruction processing on the received light signal, ultimately displaying a real-time image of the inner wall of the blood vessel on the monitor. By observing this real-time image, the operator can clearly identify the morphology of the inner wall of the blood vessel, the location, size, color, and texture of the thrombus 7, thereby providing precise visual navigation for targeted thrombectomy.

[0040] The imaging window 103 is positioned on the catheter body 1 with a specific spatial relationship to the directional aspiration window 102. Specifically, the imaging window 103 is axially located between the effluent window 101 and the directional aspiration window 102, i.e., in the order from the distal end to the proximal end of the catheter: directional aspiration window 102, imaging window 103, effluent window 101. The axial distance between the imaging window 103 and the directional aspiration window 102 is preferably 2mm to 10mm. This distance ensures that the field of view of the imaging window 103 can cover the target area in front of the directional aspiration window 102 (if the distance is too far, the field of view will not overlap with the aspiration area), and also ensures that the imaging window 103 and the directional aspiration window 102 will not interfere with each other (if the distance is too close, the imaging light may be affected by the image of fluid disturbance in the aspiration area). At the same time, the direction of the field of view of the imaging window 103 is consistent with the opening direction of the directional aspiration window 102, i.e., the imaging window 103 and the directional aspiration window 102 face the same direction of the vessel wall. This spatial arrangement ensures that the area observed by the fiber optic imaging component 2 is spatially consistent with the area acted upon by the rheological thrombectomy component. The area of ​​the blood vessel wall seen by the operator through the imaging window 103 is the area where the directional aspiration window 102 is about to perform aspiration or has already completed aspiration, thus achieving precise targeted removal.

[0041] The balloon 3 is positioned at the distal periphery of the catheter body 1. When inflated, it expands radially and locally adheres to the inner wall of the blood vessel to displace blood between the imaging window 103 and the vessel wall, forming a locally transparent imaging area. The balloon 3 is a key component in achieving direct fiber optic imaging in this invention. By physically displacing blood in front of the imaging window, it eliminates the scattering and absorption interference of light by red blood cells, creating a clear imaging environment for the fiber optic imaging assembly 2.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, balloon 3 is connected to the outer wall of catheter body 1. An air inlet 105 is located on the side wall of catheter body 1 at a position adapted to balloon 3, connecting the internal space of balloon 3 to the outlet of pressure chamber 104. The inlet of pressure chamber 104 is connected to an external pressure device, which injects pressurizing medium into balloon 3 through pressure chamber 104, causing balloon 3 to inflate. Balloon 3 is made of compliant or semi-compliant medical polymer materials, such as polyurethane, silicone rubber, or nylon, which have good biocompatibility and elasticity. A compliant balloon's diameter continuously increases with pressure during inflation, adaptively conforming to vessel walls of different diameters and exhibiting good adaptability to both gaseous and liquid media. A semi-compliant balloon's diameter decreases with increasing pressure after inflation to its nominal diameter, providing more stable support and being more suitable for liquid media actuation. The operator can select the appropriate balloon type and filling pressure based on the diameter of the blood vessel, the specific condition of the lesion, and the type of pressurizing medium chosen.

[0043] The balloon 3 is offset from the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 axially or circumferentially. Axial offset means that the balloon 3 is located proximal or distal to the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 along the axial direction of the catheter body 1; that is, the balloon 3 does not overlap with the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 axially. When using the axial offset method, the balloon 3 is usually positioned proximal to the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 (i.e., closer to the proximal end of the catheter body 1). This way, when the balloon 3 is inflated and drained, the transparent area formed in front of the imaging window 103 can cover the axial range of the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101, ensuring that the rheological thrombectomy is performed within the transparent area. The term "circumferential offset" refers to the balloon 3 being positioned at different angles relative to the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 in the circumferential direction of the catheter body 1. In other words, the balloon 3 is not on the same circumferential side as the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101. When using this circumferential offset method, the balloon 3 is typically located on the dorsal side (i.e., opposite side, e.g., the directional aspiration window 102 is at the 12 o'clock position and the balloon 3 is at the 6 o'clock position) of the cross-section of the catheter body 1. This allows the balloon 3 to inflate and adhere to the vessel wall from the dorsal side, pushing the catheter body 1 towards the side facing the directional aspiration window 102, thus bringing the imaging window 103 and the directional aspiration window 102 closer to the target vessel wall. With this staggered arrangement, when balloon 3 inflates, the increased volume of balloon 3 will not obstruct the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101, ensuring that the fluid pathway of the rheological thrombectomy assembly remains unobstructed. The catheter can still perform rheological thrombectomy normally even when balloon 3 is inflated. This design allows imaging and thrombectomy functions to coexist on the same catheter. While balloon 3 inflates and drains blood to provide a transparent field of view for fiber optic imaging, the rheological thrombectomy assembly can be activated simultaneously or sequentially for directional aspiration.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, in an optional embodiment, there are two balloons 3, which are axially spaced apart at the distal periphery of the catheter body 1. The directional aspiration window 102, the imaging window 103, and the water outlet window 101 are all located between the two balloons 3. The dual-balloon design has the following advantages: First, when the two balloons 3 are inflated simultaneously, a relatively closed local space is formed between them. The water jet irrigation can replace the blood between the two balloons with clear liquid to form a transparent imaging area, making the blood penetration effect in front of the imaging window 103 more sufficient and stable. Second, the two balloons 3 are together against the inner wall of the blood vessel, providing greater support and a more stable catheter positioning effect. Third, the area between the two balloons 3 is the working area of ​​the rheological thrombectomy component. The directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 are located in this area, ensuring that the rheological thrombectomy operation is carried out in a stable local environment.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the surface of balloon 3 is coated with a low-friction coefficient coating 301. The low-friction coefficient coating 301 can be made of materials with low friction properties, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), hydrophilic coating, or silicone oil coating, and the coating thickness is typically 1 μm to 10 μm. The low-friction coefficient coating 301 reduces the coefficient of friction of the balloon 3 surface to below 0.1. Its function is to reduce the friction between balloon 3 and the inner wall of the blood vessel when balloon 3 is inflated, allowing the catheter body 1 to still rotate circumferentially relative to the inner wall of the blood vessel when balloon 3 is inflated. This design allows the operator to adjust the circumferential orientation of the imaging window 103 and the directional aspiration window 102 by rotating the catheter body 1 while balloon 3 is inflated and draining blood to create a transparent imaging environment. This allows for observation of the inner wall of the blood vessel in different directions and selection of the optimal aspiration direction, eliminating the need for repeated inflation and deflation of balloon 3, thus improving operational efficiency and convenience. Especially when the balloon 3 is partially inflated (i.e., the inflation pressure is lower than the nominal inflation pressure and the contact force between the balloon 3 and the inner wall of the blood vessel is small), with the low friction coefficient coating 301, the circumferential rotation of the catheter body 1 is almost unimpeded, and the operator can easily turn the imaging window 103 to the target direction.

[0046] When inflated, balloon 3 allows partial blood flow axially through the gap between balloon 3 and the vessel wall to maintain distal blood perfusion. Specifically, balloon 3 does not completely block the vessel lumen when inflated, but only partially adheres to the vessel wall, maintaining an axial gap between balloon 3 and the vessel wall. Blood can flow axially through these gaps in the area where balloon 3 is located, maintaining distal tissue perfusion. Compared to existing technologies that completely block blood flow with balloons, the balloon 3 of this invention does not completely block blood flow when inflated, avoiding the risk of distal tissue ischemia due to prolonged balloon inflation. It is not limited by the tissue ischemia tolerance time (usually 5-10 minutes), providing ample operating window for complex or prolonged surgeries.

[0047] Regarding the specific shape of the balloon 3, the present invention provides a variety of optional implementation schemes.

[0048] In an optional implementation, balloon 3 can be a C-shaped balloon. The C-shaped balloon is not a complete ring in the circumferential direction, but rather has a C-shaped opening, which can face the side where the directional aspiration window 102 and imaging window 103 are located. When the C-shaped balloon is inflated, the main body of the balloon expands dorsally against the inner wall of the blood vessel, while the opening side (i.e., the side where the directional aspiration window 102 and imaging window 103 are located) leaves space to ensure that the imaging window 103 and the directional aspiration window 102 are not obstructed. Simultaneously, the opening side can also provide a channel to maintain blood flow perfusion. The opening angle of the C-shaped balloon is typically 60° to 180°. A smaller opening angle results in a larger drainage area, while a larger opening angle provides more unobstructed space in front of the imaging window. The structural design of the C-shaped balloon further optimizes the spatial compatibility between balloon 3 and the windows, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with small blood vessel diameters where the balloon may easily obstruct the windows after inflation.

[0049] In another alternative embodiment, balloon 3 can be an annular balloon with several longitudinal drainage channels on its surface. The longitudinal drainage channels extend axially along the balloon 3 and remain open when the balloon 3 is inflated, serving as channels for axial blood flow. The number of drainage channels can be set to 2 to 8 as needed, with each channel evenly distributed circumferentially around the balloon 3. The cross-sectional shape of each drainage channel can be U-shaped, V-shaped, or rectangular, with a width of approximately 0.5 mm to 2 mm and a depth of approximately 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The depth and width of the drainage channels can be designed according to the vessel diameter and the required blood flow; the larger the vessel diameter and the greater the required blood flow, the larger the cross-sectional area of ​​the drainage channels should be. The annular balloon with longitudinal drainage channels provides blood drainage imaging while maintaining distal blood perfusion through the drainage channels, exhibiting better hemodynamic performance, and is particularly suitable for thrombectomy of larger diameter vessels (such as the iliac vein and femoral vein).

[0050] In another alternative implementation, balloon 3 can be a corrugated inflatable shaped balloon. When inflated, the corrugated inflatable shaped balloon exhibits a corrugated or irregularly shaped outer surface, with a corrugation amplitude of approximately 0.5 mm to 3 mm and a corrugation spacing of approximately 2 mm to 5 mm. This irregular structure creates multiple irregular gap channels between balloon 3 and the vessel wall, facilitating axial blood flow. Simultaneously, the corrugated outer surface increases the contact area between balloon 3 and the vessel wall, providing more stable support, and the corrugated structure creates multi-point contact rather than surface contact between balloon 3 and the vessel wall, further reducing the release resistance during balloon 3 deflation. The corrugated inflatable shaped balloon is particularly suitable for clinical scenarios with significant variations in vessel diameter or irregular vessel walls.

[0051] The specific working process of balloon 3 is as follows: Figure 5As shown, when imaging is required, the operator injects a pressurizing medium into the pressurization chamber 104 using a pressurization device. The pressurizing medium enters the balloon 3 through the pressurization chamber 104 and the air inlet 105, causing the balloon 3 to gradually inflate. After inflation, the radial volume of the balloon 3 increases, pushing outward and adhering to the inner wall 6 of the blood vessel, displacing the blood between the imaging window 103 and the inner wall 6, forming a localized bloodless transparent area in front of the imaging window 103. At this time, the fiber optic imaging component 2 is activated. The illumination light emitted by the light source 202 passes through the bloodless area and illuminates the inner wall 6 of the blood vessel. The light signal reflected back from the inner wall 6 of the blood vessel also passes through the bloodless area and is received by the fiber optic bundle 201. Due to the absence of scattering and absorption interference from red blood cells in the blood, the fiber optic imaging component 2 can acquire clear and stable real-time images of the inner wall of the blood vessel. Figure 6 As shown, after completing the imaging or thrombectomy, the operator releases the pressure through the pressure device. The pressurizing medium inside the balloon 3 flows back through the air inlet 105 and the pressure chamber 104. The balloon 3 contracts and retracts to its initial state, and the catheter body 1 returns to its free movement state within the blood vessel.

[0052] The distal end of the catheter body 1 may also be provided with at least one radiopaque marker 5. The radiopaque marker 5 is made of an X-ray-impermeable material, such as platinum, iridium, gold, tantalum, or their alloys, and can be fixed to the distal sidewall of the catheter body 1 by means of crimping, bonding, or welding. The radiopaque marker 5 is clearly visible under X-ray and is used to assist the operator in locating the distal end of the catheter within the blood vessel during DSA angiography.

[0053] The contrast marker 5 and the directional aspiration window 102 are located on the same circumferential side, meaning that the contrast marker 5 is aligned with the opening direction of the directional aspiration window 102 on the circumferential direction of the catheter body 1. When the operator observes under DSA angiography, the position of the contrast marker 5 indicates the circumferential orientation of the directional aspiration window 102. The operator can determine which side of the vessel wall the directional aspiration window 102 is currently facing based on the orientation of the contrast marker 5, thus accurately aligning the directional aspiration window 102 with the target lesion area when necessary. The combined use of the contrast marker 5 and the fiber optic imaging component 2 forms a dual-mode navigation system combining macroscopic and microscopic positioning: In the early stages of the procedure, the operator observes the position of the contrast marker 5 through DSA angiography and delivers the entire catheter to the target vessel segment near the thrombus (macroscopic positioning); after the catheter is in place, the balloon 3 is inflated to drain blood, and the fiber optic imaging component 2 acquires real-time images of the vessel wall, allowing for precise positioning and directional removal of residual thrombi under direct vision (microscopic positioning). The two positioning methods complement each other, utilizing both the wide field of view advantage of DSA and the high-resolution direct-view advantage of fiber optic imaging, significantly improving the accuracy of positioning.

[0054] In this embodiment, the rheological thrombectomy component, the fiber optic imaging component 2, and the balloon 3 form a complete collaborative working relationship, and their spatial layout and timing coordination are as follows.

[0055] In terms of spatial layout, the water outlet window 101, the directional aspiration window 102, and the imaging window 103 are all located on the distal sidewall of the catheter body 1. The imaging window 103 is axially positioned between the water outlet window 101 and the directional aspiration window 102, and the field of view of the imaging window 103 is consistent with the opening direction of the directional aspiration window 102. The balloon 3 is offset from the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101 axially or circumferentially to ensure that the balloon 3 does not obstruct the fluid passage of the rheological thrombectomy component when inflated. When there are two balloons 3, the directional aspiration window 102, the imaging window 103, and the water outlet window 101 are all located between the two balloons 3, and the two balloons 3 drain blood from both sides, forming a stable transparent imaging area in the middle region.

[0056] In terms of the operating sequence, the inflation and deflation of balloon 3, the opening and closing of fiber optic imaging component 2, and the activation and deactivation of the rheology thrombectomy component can be flexibly coordinated according to clinical needs. A typical operating sequence is as follows: First, balloon 3 is inflated to displace the blood in front of imaging window 103 and form a transparent imaging area; then, fiber optic imaging component 2 is activated to acquire real-time images of the vascular wall and observe the location and extent of thrombus 7; after confirming the target lesion, balloon 3 is kept inflated or partially deflated, and the rheology thrombectomy component is activated for directional aspiration and removal; after removal is completed, the removal effect is observed again through fiber optic imaging component 2, and if there are still residues, the above operation is repeated. Throughout the process, because balloon 3 is staggered from the directional aspiration window 102 and the water outlet window 101, the fluid passage of the rheology thrombectomy component remains unobstructed and is not affected by the inflation of balloon 3.

[0057] This collaborative closed-loop system, which integrates balloon drainage, fiber optic direct visualization, rheological targeted ablation, and real-time image assessment, is achieved through the coordinated operation of three functional modules on the same catheter. It eliminates the need to remove the catheter or replace the device, thus avoiding the drawbacks of repeated angiography and push operations in existing technologies.

[0058] Based on the aforementioned directional rheology thrombectomy catheter, this embodiment also provides a directional rheology thrombectomy system. This system includes the directional rheology thrombectomy catheter from any of the above embodiments, and also includes external devices used in conjunction with the catheter.

[0059] A water pump is connected to the proximal end of the spray tube 4 to supply high-pressure fluid to the spray tube 4. The water pump can be a medical high-pressure injection pump or a dedicated fluid pressure pump, capable of pressurizing medical fluids such as saline to a predetermined pressure (e.g., 300 psi to 10000 psi) and delivering it to the distal end of the catheter at a set flow rate. The water pump is also equipped with pressure and flow sensors to monitor and adjust the pressure and flow rate of the sprayed fluid in real time, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the rheological thrombectomy procedure.

[0060] The pressure-inflation device is connected to the inlet of the pressure chamber 104 via a pressure-inflation tubing, and is used to inject pressurizing medium into the balloon 3 to inflate it. The pressure-inflation device can be configured as a gas pressure-inflation device (such as a manual or electric air pump) or a liquid pressure-inflation device (such as a manual screw pump or an electric pump), with a pressure output range typically from 0 atm to 20 atm, enabling precise control of the balloon 3's inflation level. When using a gas pressure-inflation device, the balloon 3's inflation and deflation response is fast, suitable for intermittent working modes requiring frequent switching of balloon states; when using a liquid pressure-inflation device, the balloon 3's pressure remains stable, and the inflation state is sustained, suitable for observation scenarios requiring prolonged blood drainage imaging. The pressure-inflation device is also equipped with a pressure gauge and a volume indicator to display the current pressure and volume of the injected medium within the balloon 3, helping the operator accurately control the balloon 3's inflation diameter. In an optional implementation, the pressure-inflation device is also equipped with a locking mechanism that maintains the pressure at the target pressure once the balloon 3 is inflated, eliminating the need for continuous force application by the operator.

[0061] The image processing terminal is connected to the proximal end of the fiber optic bundle 201 via an optical fiber cable. The image processing terminal includes a light source driving module, a photoelectric conversion module, an image acquisition card, and an image processing workstation. The light source driving module drives the light source 202 to emit light and provides stable illumination. The photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signals transmitted back from the fiber optic bundle 201 into electrical signals. The image acquisition card acquires the electrical signals and performs analog-to-digital conversion. The image processing workstation performs image reconstruction, enhancement, and processing on the digital signals, ultimately displaying a real-time image of the blood vessel wall on the monitor. The image processing terminal is also equipped with an operating interface for operators to adjust imaging parameters (such as illumination brightness, gain, contrast, etc.).

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the directional rheological thrombectomy system further includes a negative pressure aspiration device. The negative pressure aspiration device is connected to the proximal end of an aspiration channel inside the catheter body 1 via an aspiration tubing, and is used to generate continuous negative pressure within the aspiration channel to aspirate thrombus fragments from the distal end of the catheter to the outside of the body. The negative pressure aspiration device can be a medical negative pressure suction pump or a syringe-type aspirator, capable of providing a stable negative pressure (e.g., -100 mmHg to -600 mmHg). In a preferred embodiment, the negative pressure aspiration device is linked to a water pump; that is, when the water pump starts spraying, the negative pressure aspiration device simultaneously starts suction to ensure that broken fragments are promptly removed, preventing fragments from drifting with the blood flow and causing distal embolism.

[0063] In another alternative embodiment, the directional rheology thrombectomy system also includes a perfusion device. The perfusion device is connected via a perfusion line to a perfusion lumen on the catheter body 1 or directly to a delivery sheath for injecting contrast agents or anticoagulants into the blood vessel. The perfusion device can be an infusion pump or a manual syringe for injecting contrast agents into the blood vessel as needed for DSA-assisted positioning, or for continuously injecting heparinized saline during the procedure to prevent thrombus formation on the catheter surface.

[0064] This embodiment also provides a specific operation method for removing intravascular thrombi using the above-mentioned directional rheological thrombectomy catheter.

[0065] Step 1: Puncture and Establishment of Vascular Access. Puncture is performed at a suitable site, such as the femoral vein or internal jugular vein. A delivery sheath is inserted, and the guidewire and catheter are delivered into the blood vessel through the sheath. The guidewire passes through the top hole 106 at the distal end of the catheter body 1, guiding the catheter to the target location within the blood vessel. With the assistance of short-term DSA angiography, the guidewire and catheter are manipulated to the target location near the thrombus 7. Once the distal end of the catheter reaches near the target location, DSA angiography is stopped to reduce contrast agent usage and radiation exposure. The guidewire remains through the top hole 106 throughout the procedure, providing stable track support for the catheter and preventing it from deviating from the target position during repeated adjustments.

[0066] Step Two: Balloon Inflation and Blood Drainage to Establish a Transparent Imaging Environment. A pressurizing medium is injected into the pressurization chamber 104 via a pressurization device. This medium enters the balloon 3 through the pressurization chamber 104 and the air inlet 105, causing the balloon 3 to inflate. After inflation, the balloon 3's radial volume increases, pushing outwards and adhering to the inner wall 6 of the blood vessel, displacing the blood between the imaging window 103 and the inner wall 6, forming a localized bloodless transparent area in front of the imaging window 103. When two balloons 3 are used, both balloons 3 inflate simultaneously, draining blood from both sides and creating a more adequate and stable transparent imaging area between them.

[0067] Step 3: Fiber Optic Direct Visualization of the Target Lesion. After the balloon 3 is inflated and drained to establish a transparent imaging environment, the fiber optic imaging component 2 is activated. Illumination light emitted from the light source 202 shines through the imaging window 103 onto the inner wall 6 of the blood vessel. The light signal reflected back from the inner wall 6 is received by the fiber optic bundle 201 through the imaging window 103 and transmitted to the image processing terminal, displaying a real-time image of the inner wall of the blood vessel on the monitor. By observing the real-time image, the operator can directly identify the location, size, shape, and texture of the thrombus 7, determining the target area that the directional aspiration window 102 needs to be aligned with. Since the field of view of the imaging window 103 is consistent with the opening direction of the directional aspiration window 102, the image area seen by the operator is the area that the directional aspiration window 102 will be applied to.

[0068] Step Four: Directional Rheological Thrombectomy. Based on the real-time image provided by the fiber optic imaging component 2, the operator adjusts the circumferential orientation of the directional aspiration window 102 by rotating the catheter body 1, precisely aligning it with the target lesion area. The water pump is activated, pressurizing saline solution and delivering it through the spray pipe 4 to the spray ring 401. The solution is then ejected at high speed from the high-pressure jet port 402, exiting through the outlet window 101 to the outside of the catheter. The high-speed water jet impacts the orifice wall of the outlet window 101, scattering outwards and impacting and breaking up the thrombus 7 within the blood vessel, cutting and tearing it into tiny fragments. Simultaneously, the high-speed jet generates local negative pressure at the directional aspiration window 102, drawing the broken thrombus fragments along with the surrounding blood into the directional aspiration window 102, from which they are then discharged through the aspiration channel. Throughout the thrombectomy process, because the balloon 3 is staggered from the directional aspiration window 102 and the outlet window 101, the inflation state of the balloon 3 does not affect the normal operation of the rheological thrombectomy component.

[0069] Step 5: Immediately assess the clearance effect. After completing one round of targeted thrombectomy, keep balloon 3 inflated and observe the image of the vessel wall in the target area again through the fiber optic imaging component 2 to assess whether the thrombus 7 has been completely removed. If the image shows that there is still residual thrombus, repeat step four above and adjust the position of the targeted aspiration window 102 for supplementary aspiration. If the image shows that the vessel wall in the target area has returned to normal and the thrombus has been completely removed, the next step can be performed.

[0070] Step Six: Balloon Depression and Catheter Adjustment. After the clearance operation is completed, the pressure is released through the pressure-releasing device. The pressurized medium inside balloon 3 flows back through the air inlet 105 and the pressure chamber 104, and balloon 3 contracts back to its initial state. The catheter body 1 returns to a state of free movement within the blood vessel, and the catheter can be withdrawn or moved to other lesion sites for further operation as needed.

[0071] Throughout the procedure, the fiber optic imaging component 2 can perform imaging at any time after the balloon 3 is inflated, without the need to remove the catheter or inject additional contrast agent. The surgeon can make decisions based on the real-time images provided by the fiber optic imaging component 2. Moreover, through the intermittent working mode of expansion search and retraction movement described above, precise and targeted removal of residual thrombi under real-time image guidance is achieved without completely blocking blood flow to the entire vessel. This allows for direct observation of the aspiration effect, improves the thoroughness of thrombus removal, and significantly reduces operation time and contrast agent usage.

[0072] In summary, the directional rheological thrombectomy catheter and system provided by this invention are not simply functionally superimposed, but rather closely coordinated in terms of spatial layout (the imaging window 103 is located between the water outlet window 101 and the directional aspiration window 102 with the same field of view, and the balloon 3 is staggered with each window) and working sequence (balloon inflation and blood drainage, fiber optic direct visualization positioning, rheological targeted aspiration, and real-time image assessment). This systematically solves the technical problems of existing rheological thrombectomy techniques, such as inability to see clearly, unclear vision, inaccurate positioning, and incompatibility between imaging and thrombectomy functions due to balloon obstruction. It has significant clinical practical value and promising prospects for widespread application.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to cover all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various variations and modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations and modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A directional rheological thrombectomy catheter, characterized in that, include: The catheter body (1) has at least one water outlet window (101), at least one directional suction window (102) and an imaging window (103) at its distal end. The rheological thrombectomy assembly is located at the distal end of the catheter body (1) and is used to provide high-pressure fluid to the outlet window (101) to break up the thrombus (7) and to generate local negative pressure at the directional aspiration window (102). The fiber optic imaging assembly (2) includes a fiber bundle (201) extending along the catheter body (1) and a light source (202). The distal end of the fiber optic imaging assembly (2) is correspondingly set with the imaging window (103) to acquire real-time images of the area adjacent to the directional suction window (102). A balloon (3) is placed on the distal periphery of the catheter body (1). When the balloon (3) is inflated, it expands radially and locally adheres to the inner wall of the blood vessel to displace the blood between the imaging window (103) and the inner wall of the blood vessel and form a local transparent imaging area. The balloon (3) is offset from the directional suction window (102) and the water outlet window (101) in the axial or circumferential direction to keep the fluid passage of the rheological thrombectomy assembly unobstructed when the balloon (3) is inflated.

2. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of balloons (3) is two, and the two balloons (3) are axially spaced on the distal outer periphery of the catheter body (1). The directional aspiration window (102), the imaging window (103) and the water outlet window (101) are all located between the two balloons (3).

3. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balloon (3) is connected to the outer wall of the catheter body (1); The catheter body (1) is provided with a pressure chamber (104), and the inlet of the pressure chamber (104) is connected to an external pressure device; An air inlet (105) is provided on the side wall of the catheter body (1) at a position adapted to the balloon (3), and the air inlet (105) connects the balloon (3) and the outlet of the pressure chamber (104).

4. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the balloon (3) is provided with a low friction coefficient coating (301), and the catheter body (1) can rotate circumferentially relative to the inner wall of the blood vessel when the balloon (3) is inflated.

5. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The imaging window (103) is located axially between the water outlet window (101) and the directional suction window (102), and the field of view of the imaging window (103) is consistent with the opening direction of the directional suction window (102).

6. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, When inflated, the balloon (3) allows some blood flow to pass axially through the gap between the balloon (3) and the inner wall of the blood vessel to maintain distal blood perfusion.

7. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rheological thrombus removal assembly includes a water spray pipe (4) and a water pump connected to the water spray pipe (4). The far end of the water spray pipe (4) is provided with a water spray ring (401). The water spray ring (401) is provided with a high-pressure jet nozzle (402). The high-pressure jet nozzle (402) is pointed towards the water outlet window (101) so that the high-speed water flow hits the hole wall of the water outlet window (101) and scatters outward.

8. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distal end of the catheter body (1) is provided with at least one radiopaque imaging mark (5), which is located on the same circumferential side as the directional aspiration window (102).

9. The directional rheological thrombectomy catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balloon (3) is a C-shaped balloon (3); Alternatively, the balloon (3) is a balloon (3) with an annular structure having several longitudinal guide grooves on its surface. Alternatively, the balloon (3) may be a balloon (3) with a corrugated inflatable irregular shape.

10. A directional rheological thrombus removal system, characterized in that, Includes the directional rheological thrombectomy catheter as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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