Use of a cyperus rotundus essential oil in the preparation of an antibacterial product

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bacteriostatic essential oil, and particularly relates to application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in preparation of a bacteriostatic product. The Cyperus rotundus essential oil is the only active ingredient in the product; the Cyperus rotundus essential oil is prepared from Cyperus rotundus by a water vapor distillation method; the mass-volume ratio of the Cyperus rotundus to the Cyperus rotundus essential oil is 100g: (0.8mL-1.2mL); the bacteriostasis includes air fungi, such as Mucor mucedo, Mucor racemosus, Mucor irregularis, Mucor mulleri, Talaromyces verrucosus, Talaromyces emersonii, Talaromyces delphinus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium italicum, Penicillium cepae, Penicillium verum, Trichoderma spp., Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma atroviride and Penicillium chrysogenum; and plant pathogenic fungi, such as Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium oxysporum. The product has good bacteriostatic effect and wide bacteriostatic range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antibacterial essential oil technology, specifically relating to the application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the preparation of antibacterial products. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing essential oil hand sanitizers prioritize cleaning power and fragrance in their formulation design, neglecting rigorous screening of antibacterial active ingredients and control of effective concentrations. Many products lack specific consideration for different types of harmful microorganisms when using added essential oils. This makes it difficult for these products to achieve highly effective and broad-spectrum bactericidal effects during the brief handwashing process. Similarly, in the field of environmental purification, existing essential oil air fresheners such as Puyixiang and Dingmengfen primarily function to mask odors and create fragrance. While some products may indicate the addition of essential oils with antibacterial potential, such as tea tree and lavender, these still suffer from poor antibacterial effects and a narrow antibacterial spectrum. In agricultural production, essential oil-based biopesticides, including eugenol and carvacrol, are considered potential alternatives to chemical pesticides. However, existing essential oil pesticide products have extremely short-lasting effects, their complex matrices significantly weaken antibacterial activity, and they are also ineffective in disease control.

[0003] In summary, existing products, such as essential oil hand sanitizers, essential oil air fresheners, and plant-derived essential oil pesticides, primarily marketed for their antibacterial properties, possess natural and safe characteristics. However, these essential oil products generally suffer from insufficient actual antibacterial efficacy and a narrow antibacterial spectrum. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides an application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the preparation of antibacterial products, which can solve the technical problems of poor efficacy and narrow antibacterial spectrum of existing essential oil antibacterial products.

[0005] This invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solution: An application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the preparation of antibacterial products, wherein Cyperus rotundus essential oil is the sole active ingredient in the product; The Cyperus rotundus essential oil is prepared from Cyperus rotundus by steam distillation. 0.8 mL to 1.2 mL of Cyperus rotundus essential oil can be collected from every 100 g of Cyperus rotundus using steam distillation. The concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the antibacterial product is 7×10⁻⁶. -4 mL / L ~ 1.4 × 10 -3 mL / L; The antibacterial agents include airborne fungi: Mucor brittle (… Mucor fragile ), Mucor racemose ( I am sick. clustered ), irregular mold ( Irregular Mucor ), Mucor ( I am a mucor.), Wartsporium ( Talaromyces verruculosus ), cordycetes ( Talaromyces funiculosus ), Basilaria maculata ( Talaromyces malicola ), cladosporium cladodes ( Cladosporium cladosporioides ), Tabing Aspergillus ( Aspergillus tubingensis Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus niger (), Aspergillus black Italian penicillium () Penicillium italicum ), onion mold ( Penicillium allium ), Venetian penicillin ( Penicillium venetum Trichoderma fungi ( Trichoderma sp . Trichoderma harzianum ( Trichoderma hook ), dark green Trichoderma ( Trichoderma atroviride ), Penicillium chrysogenum ( Penicillium ochrochloron Plant pathogens: Alternaria alternifolia ( ); Alternaria alternata Botrytis cinerea ( ), Botrytis cinerea ( Botrytis cinerea Fusarium solani ( ) Fusarium solani Fusarium moniliforme ( ) Fusarium proliferatum ) and Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium oxysporum ).

[0006] Furthermore, 1 mL of Cyperus rotundus essential oil was collected from every 100 g of Cyperus rotundus using steam distillation.

[0007] Furthermore, the preparation of Cyperus rotundus essential oil includes the following steps: Cyperus rotundus and distilled water were mixed at a mass-volume ratio of 1g:(9mL~11mL), and extracted using steam distillation to obtain Cyperus rotundus essential oil.

[0008] Furthermore, Cyperus rotundus and distilled water were mixed at a mass-volume ratio of 1g:10mL.

[0009] Furthermore, the products include antibacterial hand sanitizers, antibacterial air fresheners, and antibacterial pesticides.

[0010] Furthermore, the product is composed of Cyperus rotundus essential oil and excipients.

[0011] Furthermore, the excipients include Tween 20.

[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil used in the product is diluted 700 to 1300 times.

[0013] Furthermore, in products that inhibit Botrytis cinerea, the concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil is 7×10⁻⁶. -4 mL / L.

[0014] Furthermore, in the product containing *Rhizopus molcheri*, the concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil was 7.9 × 10⁻⁶. -4mL / L Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides an application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the preparation of antibacterial products, wherein the essential oil is the sole active ingredient; the essential oil is prepared from Cyperus rotundus by steam distillation; the mass-to-volume ratio of Cyperus rotundus to the essential oil is 100g:(0.8mL~1.2mL); the antibacterial agents include airborne fungi: *Mucor brittle*, *Mucor racemosa*, *Mucor irregularis*, *Mucor molluscum*, *Basilella verrucosa*, *Basilella cordiformis*, *Basilella maculata*, *Cladosporium buddingii*, *Aspergillus tabineum*, *Aspergillus flavus*, *Aspergillus niger*, *Penicillium italicum*, *Penicillium allium*, *Penicillium venetum*, *Trichoderma* fungi, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Trichoderma viride*, and *Penicillium chrysogenum*; and plant pathogens: *Alternaria alternata*, *Botrytis cinerea*, *Fusarium solani*, *Fusarium moniliforme*, and *Fusarium oxysporum*. This product exhibits good antibacterial effect and a broad antibacterial spectrum. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 The images show photos of extracted Cyperus rotundus essential oil; A is a front view photo; B is a back view photo.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a statistical chart showing the antibacterial effects of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on six types of airborne fungi, including Trichoderma and Mucor.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a statistical chart showing the antibacterial effects of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on six types of airborne fungi, including Aspergillus tabingensis, Aspergillus niger, and Trichoderma viride.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a statistical chart showing the antibacterial effects of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on six types of airborne fungi, including Penicillium chrysogenum, ... and Penicillium scutellarioides.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a statistical chart showing the antibacterial effects of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on five pathogens. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods. Specific explanations are needed as follows:

[0021] Cyperus rotundus was purchased from the Anguo Traditional Chinese Medicine Market in Hebei Province. It is also affected by *Mucor brittle* (a type of mold). Mucor fragile ), Mucor racemose ( Mucor clustered ), irregular mold ( Irregular Mucor ), Mucor ( I am a mucor. ), Wartsporium ( Talaromyces verruculosus), cordycetes ( Talaromyces funiculosus ), Basilaria maculata ( Talaromyces malicola ), cladosporium cladodes ( Cladosporium cladosporioides ), Tabing Aspergillus ( Aspergillus tubingensis Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus niger (), Aspergillus black Italian penicillium () Penicillium italicum ), onion mold ( Penicillium allium ), Venetian penicillin ( Penicillium venetum Trichoderma fungi ( Trichoderma sp.), Trichoderma harzianum ( Trichoderma hook ), dark green Trichoderma ( Trichoderma atroviride ), Penicillium chrysogenum ( Penicillium ochrochloron It was isolated from laboratory-contaminated tissue culture seedlings and laboratory air. Alternaria alternifolia (… Alternaria alternata ) Isolated from Solomon's seal leaf spot diseased plants, Fusarium solani ( Fusarium solani Fusarium moniliforme ( ) Fusarium proliferatum ) and Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium oxysporum All were isolated from the roots of Polygonatum odoratum root rot disease, Botrytis cinerea (… Botrytis gray The strain was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC 3.3790) and is preserved in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Testing Laboratory of Taishan University.

[0022] Example 1: Extraction of Cyperus rotundus essential oil, the specific steps are as follows: 400g of Cyperus rotundus root was weighed and extracted for essential oil in eight separate extractions. The dried Cyperus rotundus rhizomes were ground into powder in a grinder to increase the contact area with steam, thereby improving the extraction rate and efficiency. The powdered Cyperus rotundus was then sieved through an 18-mesh sieve. 50g of the powder was placed in a 1000mL round-bottom flask, and the powder was mixed with distilled water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1g:10mL. Steam distillation was used to extract the essential oil, yielding 0.5mL of Cyperus rotundus essential oil, i.e., the concentrated essential oil solution. The extraction rate of Cyperus rotundus essential oil was approximately 1%, and 4mL of essential oil was obtained from eight extractions. Figure 1 The Cyperus rotundus essential oil shown is a pale yellow, transparent, oily liquid with a slightly spicy and herbal aroma.

[0023] Experiment 1: Preparation of Culture Medium Weigh 12.03g of PDA culture medium powder using a balance and place it in an Erlenmeyer flask. Add 300mL of distilled water, seal the flask with cellophane and newspaper with vents, and sterilize it in an autoclave at 121℃ for 20min.

[0024] Experiment 2 Activation of Pathogens In a laminar flow hood, evenly pour sterile PDA medium into the petri dish near the sterile area of ​​the flame. Repeatedly heat the sterilized inoculation needle in the outer flame of an alcohol lamp. After cooling, use the inoculation needle to pick up a bacterial culture strip from the glycerol storage tube and place it in the center of the PDA medium. Seal the inoculated petri dish, label it with the bacterial number and inoculation date, and incubate it upside down at 25°C for 7 days.

[0025] Experiment 3 Antibacterial Operation Procedures Cyperus rotundus essential oil was selected and emulsified with 0.5% Tween 20, diluted to four concentration gradients: 10x, 20x, 40x, and 80x. The 10x dilution process was as follows: 3 mL of the stock oil was pipetted into a 50 mL centrifuge tube (No. 1), 2 mL of Tween was added, and then 25 mL of sterile water was added to prepare a 30 mL stock solution 1. The 20x dilution process was as follows: 15 mL of stock solution 1 was added into a 50 mL centrifuge tube (No. 2), and 15 mL of sterile water was added to prepare a 30 mL stock solution 2. The 40x dilution process was as follows: 15 mL of stock solution 2 was added into a 50 mL centrifuge tube (No. 3), and 15 mL of sterile water was added to prepare a 30 mL stock solution 3. 4.812 g of PDA culture medium powder was weighed using a balance and placed in an Erlenmeyer flask. 120 mL of distilled water was added, and the flask was sealed and sterilized. After cooling the sterilized PDA medium to approximately 50°C, add the diluted essential oil stock solutions of each concentration gradient and mix thoroughly to achieve concentrations of 500x, 1000x, and 2000x. Pour the prepared PDA medium containing essential oils into disposable petri dishes and use a 6mm sterile punch to create a sufficient number of bacterial sheets along the outer edge of the activated bacterial strain. Use an inoculation needle to pick up the bacterial sheets and inoculate them into the center of the petri dish, repeating the inoculation three times for each concentration gradient. Seal the inoculated petri dishes and incubate them upside down in a 25°C incubator for 3–7 days.

[0026] When the colonies have grown to approximately 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the petri dish, measure their diameter using the cross-sectional method, photograph and record the data. Calculate the average cell diameter for each concentration using Excel, and finally determine the inhibition rate. Inhibition rate (%) = [(Average diameter of control colonies - 6 mm) - (Average diameter of treated colonies - 6 mm)] / (Average diameter of control colonies - 6 mm) × 100%.

[0027] Excel was used to statistically analyze the colony diameters of various bacterial species at different concentrations, calculating the average colony diameter and inhibition rate at different concentrations. The calculated inhibition rates were then converted into a biostatistical probability conversion table to obtain the probabilities corresponding to different inhibition rates. An Excel scatter plot was used to calculate the virulence regression equation y=ax+b for different bacterial species. Substituting y=5 into the virulence regression equation yielded the EC50 value. 50 Value and corresponding multiple.

[0028] Result 1: Inhibitory effect of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on 18 kinds of airborne fungi Since different bacteria grow at different rates, the growth of different bacterial control groups should be observed starting on the third day after inoculation. The colony diameter should be measured when the bacteria have grown to about 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the petri dish.

[0029] Observation revealed that some fungi in the control group had grown to more than half the height of the culture dish by the third day. To reduce experimental error, the longest and shortest diameters were measured using the cross-multiplication method, and their average values ​​were calculated. Measurements showed that *Trichoderma*, *Mucor*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Mucor brittle*, *Mucor racemosa*, and *Mucor irregularis* fungi exhibited good growth in the control group on the third day, with average diameters of 104.5 mm, 103 mm, 95 mm, 69.2 mm, 66.5 mm, and 81.5 mm, respectively. Figure 2 It can be seen that Cyperus rotundus essential oil has a very significant inhibitory effect on these six bacteria. When diluted 2000 times, the antibacterial rates reached 84.2%, 92.6%, 81.9%, 73.7%, 83.5%, and 87.6%, respectively.

[0030] On the third day after inoculation, the average diameters of *Aspergillus tabingensis*, *Aspergillus niger*, and *Trichoderma viride* in the control groups were 33.7 mm, 30 mm, and 25.3 mm, respectively. Figure 3 As shown, the antibacterial rates of Cyperus rotundus essential oil against these three bacteria were 38.8%, 47.6%, and 39.1% at a dilution of 2000 times, respectively. On days four and five, the diameters of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus cordifolius were measured, with average diameters of 23.8 mm, 54.7 mm, and 41.8 mm for the control groups, respectively.

[0031] On days six and seven, *Penicillium verruciformis*, *Penicillium chrysogenum*, *Penicillium spp.*, *Cladosporium buddingii*, *Penicillium venetum*, and *Penicillium italicum* were measured. The control group of these six fungi showed relatively good growth, with average colony diameters of 33.5 mm, 50.7 mm, 42.2 mm, 29.7 mm, 24.3 mm, and 34.5 mm, respectively. Figure 4 The cyperus essential oil shown has a significant antibacterial effect against these six bacteria, with antibacterial rates of 61.2%, 61.9%, 62.7%, 52.8%, 46.4%, and 49.1% respectively when diluted 2000 times.

[0032] Based on the EC obtained in Table 1 50The inhibitory effects of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on the 18 measured airborne fungi, ranked from best to worst, are as follows: *Mucor mollerii* > *Mucor irregulariiflori* > *Mucor racemosa* > *Trichoderma harzianum* > *Trichoderma* fungi > *Mucor brittle* > *Basilaria cordifolia* > *Penicillium onionii* > *Basilaria maculata* > *Basilaria verrucosum* > *Penicillium chrysogenum* > *Trichoderma viride* > *Aspergillus flavus* > *Cladosporium buddingii* > *Aspergillus niger* > *Penicillium venetum* > *Aspergillus tabinei* > *Penicillium italicum*, with corresponding EC50 values. 50 The values ​​were as follows: 0.0007943911963 mL / L (diluted 1259 times), 0.0008569447814 mL / L (diluted 1167 times), 0.0008634677391 mL / L (diluted 1158 times), 0.0009338240626 mL / L (diluted 1071 times), 0.0009723686742 mL / L (diluted 1028 times), 0.0009917506205 mL / L (diluted 1008 times), 0.0010913350806 mL / L (diluted 916 times), 0.0011444900805 mL / L (diluted 874 times), 0.0011644135027 ... 0.0011671203933 mL / L (diluted 857 times), 0.0011931209357 mL / L (diluted 838 times), 0.0011981957353 mL / L (diluted 835 times), 0.0012441914205 mL / L (diluted 804 times), 0.0012517448856 mL / L (diluted 799 times), 0.0013015746989 mL / L (diluted 768 times), 0.0013281714785 mL / L (diluted 753 times), 0.0013354892278 mL / L (diluted 749 times), 0.0013534201245 mL / L (diluted 739 times). Cyperus rotundus essential oil has a very significant inhibitory effect on airborne fungi, with the worst inhibitory effect on Penicillium italicum and the best inhibitory effect on Mucor moller.

[0033] Table 1. EC50 of various airborne fungi under Cyperus rotundus essential oil 50 value The main active components in Cyperus rotundus essential oil, such as cyperol, cyperone, limonene, and p-cymene, can disrupt the lipid bilayer structure of fungal cell membranes, leading to increased cell membrane permeability and loss of integrity. This disruption causes leakage of cell contents, such as electrolytes and proteins, ultimately resulting in cell death. This indicates that Cyperus rotundus essential oil can significantly inhibit the hyphal elongation and spore germination rate of airborne fungi.

[0034] Result 2: Inhibitory effect of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on 5 pathogens like Figure 5 As shown, the average diameters of the control groups of *Fusarium solani*, *Fusarium oxysporum*, *Alternaria alternata*, *Botrytis cinerea*, and *Fusarium oxysporum* were 55.7 mm, 53.5 mm, 46.7 mm, 53.2 mm, and 75.7 mm, respectively. At a 500-fold dilution, the inhibitory rate against *Botrytis cinerea* was the highest (97.5%), while the inhibitory rate against *Alternaria alternata* was the lowest (70.1%). At a 2000-fold dilution, *Cyperus rotundus* essential oil showed significant inhibitory effects on all five fungi, with inhibition rates of 63.8%, 74.4%, 52.0%, 81.6%, and 78.4%, respectively. Overall, *Cyperus rotundus* essential oil showed very significant inhibitory effects on all five fungi, with the most significant inhibitory effect against *Botrytis cinerea*.

[0035] According to the obtained EC 50 The inhibitory effects of Cyperus rotundus essential oil on these five pathogens, ranked from best to worst, are: Botrytis cinerea > Fusarium oxysporum > Fusarium moniliforme > Fusarium solani > Alternaria alternata, with corresponding EC50 values. 50 The values ​​were: 0.0009562583427 mL / L (diluted 1046 times), 0.0010944827864 mL / L (diluted 914 times), 0.0011430932606 mL / L (diluted 875 times), 0.0012489538846 mL / L (diluted 800 times), and 0.0013473262267 mL / L (diluted 742 times). This indicates the weakest inhibitory effect against *Alternaria alternata* and the best inhibitory effect against *Botrytis cinerea*, as shown in Table 2.

[0036] Table 2. EC50 values ​​of various bacteria in Cyperus rotundus essential oil. The antibacterial mechanism of Cyperus rotundus essential oil mainly involves the multiple mechanisms by which its chemical components act on the cell structure, metabolic function, and physiological activities of pathogenic bacteria. The main active components in Cyperus rotundus essential oil, such as cyperol, cyperone, limonene, and p-cymene, can disrupt the lipid bilayer structure of pathogenic bacterial cell membranes, leading to increased cell membrane permeability and loss of integrity. This disruptive effect causes leakage of cell contents (such as electrolytes and proteins), ultimately resulting in cell death.

[0037] Cyperus rotundus essential oil, extracted by steam distillation, has an extraction rate of approximately 1%. The extracted oil is a pale yellow, transparent, oily liquid with a slightly spicy and herbal aroma. In antibacterial experiments against 18 types of airborne fungi and 5 types of pathogens, the results showed that Cyperus rotundus essential oil exhibited significant inhibitory effects on both. Among the airborne fungi, it showed the best inhibitory effect against *Mucor molasses*, and among the pathogens, it showed the best inhibitory effect against *Botrytis cinerea*. The corresponding EC50 values ​​were 0.0013534201245 mL / L (739-fold dilution), 0.0007943911963 mL / L (1259-fold dilution), 0.0013473262267 mL / L (742-fold dilution), and 0.0009562583427 mL / L (1046-fold dilution). Overall, the antibacterial rate of Cyperus rotundus essential oil against airborne fungi was greater than that against pathogens.

[0038] Essential oils are volatile aromatic compounds extracted from plants. Different extraction methods affect the purity, composition, and uses of essential oils. The method used to extract Cyperus rotundus essential oil is steam distillation. Steam distillation involves boiling water vapor carrying the evaporated essential oil into a condenser, where it condenses into a liquid. Because the essential oil is less dense than water, it floats on top. Steam distillation is now quite common, offering low cost, high-volume essential oil production, no solvent residue, high safety, and simple operation. The antibacterial mechanism of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in this invention is a multi-factor process involving the synergistic destruction of different bacterial structures by various chemical components. First, terpenes in the essential oil, such as menthol, and phenols, such as eugenol, are lipid-soluble molecules that can insert into the bacterial cell membrane, disrupting the phospholipid bilayer structure and increasing membrane permeability. After cell membrane damage, ions (such as K+)... + Ca 2+ Bacterial cells lose ATP, proteins, and other nutrients, leading to osmotic pressure imbalance and ultimately bacterial death. Some essential oils contain chemical components that can cause bacterial protein denaturation and loss of function. For example, cinnamaldehyde and other components bind to bacterial enzymes or structural proteins through hydrophobic interactions or covalent bonds, causing conformational changes or cross-linking aggregation. The antibacterial effect of plant essential oils is a complex process involving multiple targets and mechanisms, and their broad-spectrum antibacterial properties stem from the diversity of their chemical components. This characteristic makes them promising for applications in food preservation and anti-infective medicine, but further research is needed on their safety, stability, and the risk of drug resistance.

[0039] Inhalation of airborne fungal spores, such as Aspergillus and Cryptococcus, can trigger various respiratory illnesses, and in individuals with weakened immune systems, may even lead to systemic infections. Fungal spores are also common allergens, inducing allergic rhinitis, asthma, and other conditions. Prolonged exposure to moldy environments may worsen asthma symptoms. However, some fungi have developed multidrug resistance, and studies have found that long-term exposure to preservatives may induce cross-resistance to azole drugs in fungi, increasing the difficulty of treating diseases.

[0040] Fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea are the main causes of root rot and gray mold in Polygonatum sibiricum. To increase the yield of Polygonatum sibiricum, the spraying of chemical fungicides is currently widely used. However, chemical fungicides have problems such as toxicity, pesticide residues, and the potential for pathogens to develop resistance. This results in most Polygonatum sibiricum sold on the market containing chemical fungicide residues. Consuming Polygonatum sibiricum roots containing pesticide residues may pose health risks, and the overuse of chemical fungicides also damages the environment.

[0041] For the above reasons, this invention uses biological methods to prevent and control airborne fungi and pathogens, reducing the environmental impact of chemical disinfectants. Plant essential oils, extracted from various plants, are natural, green, and pollution-free substances with good antibacterial activity, playing a significant role in sterilization. Furthermore, essential oils are biodegradable, volatile, and leave low-concentration residues, making them environmentally friendly.

[0042] This invention selects Cyperus rotundus essential oil for antibacterial experiments. The experiment consists of two stages: first, the essential oil is isolated from the Cyperus rotundus plant by steam distillation; second, the mycelial growth rate method is used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the essential oil on fungi and pathogens in the air, providing a reference for the development of air fresheners and plant-derived pesticides.

[0043] Cyperus rotundus, the dried rhizome of the Cyperus diffusa plant (family Cyperaceae), is known for its qi-regulating, mood-lifting, menstrual-regulating, and pain-relieving properties. The rhizome from the Wenhe River area of ​​Tai'an, Shandong Province, is of particularly high quality and is known as "Wen Cyperus rotundus." This invention discovers the effects of the essential oil components of Cyperus rotundus on harmful fungi. The essential oil was extracted using steam distillation, and its antibacterial effects against 18 types of airborne fungi and 5 types of pathogens were determined using the mycelial growth rate method. The results show that the essential oil has a significant inhibitory effect on both airborne fungi and pathogens. Among the airborne fungi, it has the best inhibitory effect on *Mucor molasses*, and among the pathogens, it has the best inhibitory effect on *Botrytis cinerea*. Overall, the inhibitory rate of the essential oil against airborne fungi is greater than that against pathogens. The results of this invention provide a basis for the development of air fresheners and plant-derived pesticides.

[0044] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, Cyperus rotundus essential oil is the only active ingredient in the product. The Cyperus rotundus essential oil is prepared from Cyperus rotundus by steam distillation. 0.8 mL to 1.2 mL of Cyperus rotundus essential oil can be collected from every 100 g of Cyperus rotundus using steam distillation. The concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil in the antibacterial product is 7×10⁻⁶. -4 mL / L ~ 1.4 × 10 -3 mL / L; The antibacterial agents include *Mucor brittle* (… Mucor fragilis ), Mucor racemose ( Mucor racemosus ), irregular mold ( Mucor irregularis ), Mucor ( Mucor moelleri ), Wartsporium ( Talaromyces verruculosus ), cordycetes ( Talaromyces funiculosus ), Basilaria maculata ( Talaromyces malicola ), cladosporium cladodes ( Cladosporium cladosporioides ), Tabing Aspergillus ( Aspergillus tubingensis Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus niger (), Aspergillus niger Italian penicillium () Penicillium italicum ), onion mold ( Penicillium allii ), Venetian penicillin ( Penicillium venetum Trichoderma fungi ( Trichoderma sp . Trichoderma harzianum ( Trichoderma hamatum ), dark green Trichoderma ( Trichoderma atroviride ), Penicillium chrysogenum ( Penicillium ochrochloron ); Alternaria alternifolia ( Alternaria alternata Botrytis cinerea ( ), Botrytis cinerea ( Botrytis cinerea Fusarium solani ( ) Fusarium solani Fusarium moniliforme ( ) Fusarium proliferatum ) and Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium oxysporum ).

2. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, 1 mL of Cyperus rotundus essential oil is collected from every 100 g of Cyperus rotundus using steam distillation.

3. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, The preparation of Cyperus rotundus essential oil includes the following steps: Cyperus rotundus and distilled water were mixed at a mass-volume ratio of 1g:(9mL~11mL), and extracted using steam distillation to obtain Cyperus rotundus essential oil.

4. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 3 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, Cyperus rotundus and distilled water were mixed at a mass-volume ratio of 1g:10mL.

5. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, The products include antibacterial hand sanitizer, antibacterial air freshener, and antibacterial pesticides.

6. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, The product consists of Cyperus rotundus essential oil and excipients.

7. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 6 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, The excipients include Tween 20.

8. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, In products that inhibit Botrytis cinerea, the concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil is 7×10⁻⁶. -4 mL / L.

9. The application of Cyperus rotundus essential oil according to claim 1 in the preparation of antibacterial products, characterized in that, In the product containing *Rhizopus mollissima*, the concentration of Cyperus rotundus essential oil was 7.9 × 10⁻⁶. -4 mL / L.

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