A cylindrical membrane oxygenator

Abstract

The application provides a cylindrical membrane oxygenator, which comprises a shell assembly and a liquid distribution column, and the shell assembly comprises a first end cover assembly, a barrel assembly and a second end cover assembly. The first end cover assembly comprises a first end cover shell, a first channel piece and a gas distribution ring. The first end cover shell is formed with an air inlet cavity and an air inlet channel, and the first channel piece is formed with a liquid inlet channel. The gas distribution ring is arranged in the air inlet cavity and has a non-closed ring structure, so as to divide the air inlet cavity into a first air inlet area and a second air inlet area. The air inlet channel extends from the outside of the first end cover shell into the air inlet cavity and is connected with the gas distribution ring. When the gas enters the air inlet cavity from the air inlet channel, the gas is first introduced into the first air inlet area and is forced to diffuse along the inner wall of the annular first air inlet area from the side close to the air inlet channel to the side away from the air inlet channel due to the obstruction of the gas distribution ring. When the gas diffuses to the side of the first air inlet area away from the air inlet channel, the gas continues to diffuse to the annular second air inlet area, so that the uniform distribution of the gas in the air inlet cavity is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a cylindrical membrane oxygenator. Background Technology

[0002] Membrane oxygenators are the core components of extracorporeal circulation (CPB) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Their function is to replace the human lung function in the exchange of blood and gases, thereby achieving blood oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal, and changing the blood from venous blood to arterial blood.

[0003] When a membrane oxygenator is in use, as gas enters the intake chamber through the inlet, it tends to escape more easily from the oxygenation membrane fibers closer to the inlet, resulting in uneven gas distribution within the intake chamber. This uneven distribution leads to lower gas flow rates in the oxygenation membrane fibers further away from the inlet, resulting in lower gas exchange efficiency. Furthermore, since the carbon dioxide exchange efficiency within the oxygenation membrane fibers is highly sensitive to gas flow rate, uneven gas flow distribution has a more significant impact on the efficiency of carbon dioxide removal from the blood. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a cylindrical membrane oxygenator.

[0005] This invention proposes a cylindrical membrane oxygenator, comprising a shell assembly and a liquid distribution column. The shell assembly includes a first end cap assembly, a cylindrical body assembly, and a second end cap assembly arranged sequentially along its axial direction. The cylindrical body assembly forms a liquid outlet channel, a heat exchange chamber, and an oxygenation chamber. The liquid distribution column is disposed within the cylindrical body assembly and surrounds the liquid distribution chamber with the cylindrical body assembly. The liquid distribution chamber communicates with the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel. The heat exchange chamber communicates with the liquid distribution chamber and is internally encapsulated with heat exchange membrane fibers. The oxygenation chamber communicates with the heat exchange chamber and is internally encapsulated with oxygenation membrane fibers. The first end cap assembly includes a first end cap shell, a first channel component, and a gas distribution ring. The first end cap shell forms an air inlet chamber and an air inlet channel. The first channel component forms a liquid inlet channel. The first channel component and the first end cap shell surround a water inlet chamber. The second end cap assembly forms an air outlet chamber and a water outlet chamber. The air distribution ring is disposed in the air intake chamber and is a non-closed ring structure to divide the air intake chamber into a first air intake area and a second air intake area that are interconnected. The first air intake area is arranged in a ring between the water intake chamber and the second air intake area. The air intake channel extends from the outside of the first end cap housing into the air intake chamber and connects with the air distribution ring to supply gas into the first air intake area.

[0006] Furthermore, the extension direction of the air intake channel is tangential to the air distribution ring.

[0007] Further, the first end cap housing includes an annular portion, a first extension disposed on the inner edge of the annular portion, and a second extension disposed on the outer edge of the annular portion. The air intake chamber is formed between the first extension and the second extension, and the water intake chamber is formed between the first channel member and the first extension. The air distribution ring is disposed between the first extension and the second extension, and the distance between the air distribution ring and the first extension increases sequentially from the air intake channel side toward the side away from the air intake channel side.

[0008] Furthermore, the height of the air distribution ring in the axial direction is progressively reduced from the side of the air intake channel toward the side away from the air intake channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the first end cap housing also forms a water inlet channel, which extends sequentially from the outside of the first end cap housing through the second extension, the non-closed end of the air distribution ring, and the first extension to communicate with the water inlet cavity. The outer wall of the water inlet channel is spaced apart from both ends of the air distribution ring to form openings on both sides of the water inlet channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the second end cap assembly also forms an air outlet channel communicating with the air outlet cavity. The air outlet channel extends tangentially along the air outlet cavity, and the air outlet direction of the air outlet channel is opposite to the air inlet direction of the air inlet channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the air outlet channel and the air inlet channel are located on both sides of the water inlet channel in the radial direction of the housing assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the second end cap assembly also forms a water outlet channel communicating with the water outlet chamber. The air outlet channel and the air inlet channel are located on both sides of the water outlet channel in the radial direction of the housing assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the cylindrical assembly includes an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder, and an outer cylinder arranged from the inside out. The heat exchange cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, and the oxygenation cavity is formed between the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder includes a first cylindrical section, a plurality of liquid-distributing fins, and a second cylindrical section arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The liquid-distributing column is spaced apart from the first cylindrical section at one end along the axial direction and forms a liquid-distributing cavity with the first cylindrical section; the other end is connected to the second cylindrical section. The outer circumferential surface of the liquid-distributing column is connected to the first cylindrical section through the liquid-distributing fins, and a liquid-distributing groove with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part is formed between two adjacent liquid-distributing fins, the liquid-distributing column, and the heat exchange membrane filaments. The liquid outlet channel is formed at the end of the outer cylinder away from the liquid inlet channel, and the liquid inlet channel communicates with the liquid outlet channel through the liquid-distributing cavity, the liquid-distributing groove, and the liquid outlet channel.

[0014] Furthermore, at least a portion of the inlet channel extends obliquely relative to the axial direction, and the outlet channel extends radially in the housing assembly, with the inlet of the inlet channel and the outlet of the outlet channel located in the same plane. The inlet channel includes a first inlet section and a second inlet section connected in sequence, the second inlet section being located between the first inlet section and the dispensing chamber, the extension direction of the second inlet section being perpendicular to the extension direction of the outlet channel, and the angle between the extension direction of the first inlet section and the extension direction of the outlet channel being 30°-60°.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] In the cylindrical membrane oxygenator of this application, a non-closed annular gas-distributing ring is provided in the air inlet chamber, dividing the air inlet chamber into an interconnected annular first air inlet zone and an annular second air inlet zone. When gas enters the air inlet chamber from the air inlet channel, it is blocked by the gas-distributing ring and first enters the annular first air inlet zone, where it is forced to diffuse along the inner wall of the first air inlet zone from the side closer to the air inlet channel to the side farther away from the air inlet channel. When the gas diffuses to the side of the first air inlet zone farther away from the air inlet channel, it diffuses to the annular second air inlet zone, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of gas in the air inlet chamber. Therefore, compared with an oxygenator without a gas-distributing ring, the gas distribution in the circumferential direction in the air inlet chamber of this application is more uniform, resulting in a higher gas flow rate in the oxygenation membrane filaments on the side farther from the air inlet channel, thereby improving the gas exchange utilization rate in the oxygenation membrane filaments, especially the efficiency of carbon dioxide removal from the blood.

[0017] The summary section is provided to present the chosen concepts in a simplified form, which will be further described in the detailed description below. The summary section is not intended to identify essential or necessary features of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally denote like parts.

[0019] Figure 1 A perspective view of the cylindrical membrane oxygenator of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0021] Figure 3 An exploded view of the cylindrical membrane oxygenator of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical membrane oxygenator of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 A perspective view of the first end cap assembly of the cylindrical membrane oxygenator of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the air distribution ring within the first end cap housing of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the separatory column and the inner cylinder of the present invention is shown.

[0026] The accompanying figure is labeled as follows:

[0027] 10. Housing assembly;

[0028] 11. First end cap assembly; 111. First end cap housing; 1111. Ring body portion; 1112. First extension portion; 1113. Second extension portion; 112. First channel component; 113. Air distribution ring;

[0029] 12. Cylinder assembly; 121. Inner cylinder; 1211. First cylinder section; 1212. Liquid distribution fin; 1213. Second cylinder section; 122. Middle cylinder; 123. Outer cylinder; 13. Second end cap assembly; 131. Second end cap housing; 132. Second channel component;

[0030] 20. Separating column;

[0031] A1, Liquid Inlet Channel; A11, First Liquid Inlet Section; A12, Second Liquid Inlet Section; B1, Liquid Separation Chamber; B2, Heat Exchange Chamber; B3, Oxygenation Chamber; E1, Air Inlet Chamber; E11, First Air Inlet Zone; E12, Second Air Inlet Zone; E2, Air Outlet Chamber; F1, Water Inlet Chamber; F2, Water Outlet Chamber; F3, Water Inlet Channel; F4, Water Outlet Channel;

[0032] C. Axial; D. Radial. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0034] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein signify open inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless otherwise stated, the term "or" means "and / or". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc., may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0035] The following reference Figure 1-7 The cylindrical membrane oxygenator of the present application embodiment is described below.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The cylindrical membrane oxygenator of this application includes a shell assembly 10 and a liquid distribution column 20. The shell assembly 10 includes a first end cap assembly 11, a cylindrical body assembly 12 and a second end cap assembly 13 arranged sequentially along its axial direction C. The liquid distribution column 20 is disposed inside the cylindrical body assembly 12 and surrounds the liquid distribution chamber B1 with the cylindrical body assembly 12.

[0037] The cylinder assembly 12 has a liquid outlet channel A2, a heat exchange chamber B2 and an oxygenation chamber B3. The liquid outlet channel A2 is connected to the liquid distribution chamber B1. The heat exchange chamber B2 is connected to the liquid distribution chamber B1 and is encapsulated with heat exchange membrane filaments inside. The oxygenation chamber B3 is connected to the heat exchange chamber B2 and is encapsulated with oxygenation membrane filaments inside.

[0038] The first end cap assembly 11 includes a first end cap housing 111, a first channel member 112, and a gas distribution ring 113. The first end cap housing 111 forms an air inlet chamber E1 and an air inlet channel E3. The first channel member 112 forms a liquid inlet channel A1. The first channel member 112 and the first end cap housing 111 form a water inlet chamber F1. The second end cap assembly 13 forms an air outlet chamber E2 and a water outlet chamber F2.

[0039] Specifically, the inlet channel A1 is used to allow blood to flow into the dispensing chamber B1, while the outlet channel A2 is used to allow blood to flow out of the membrane oxygenator; therefore, the dispensing chamber B1 can also be called the blood chamber. The inlet channel E3, the inlet chamber E1, and the outlet chamber E2 are used to allow gas (such as oxygen) to enter and exit the membrane oxygenator, while the water inlet chamber F1 and the water outlet chamber F2 are used to allow the heat exchange medium (such as constant temperature water) to enter and exit the membrane oxygenator.

[0040] The heat exchange membrane can be a hollow tubular structure. Constant temperature water flows through the inlet chamber F1 and passes through the interior of the heat exchange membrane. Blood enters the heat exchange chamber B2 through the inlet channel A1 and the distribution chamber B1 and flows through the outside of the heat exchange membrane (i.e., between adjacent heat exchange membranes) to carry out heat exchange between the constant temperature water and the blood.

[0041] The oxygenation membrane filament is also a hollow tubular structure. Oxygen flows through the air intake channel E3 and the air intake chamber E1 through the interior of the oxygenation membrane filament. Blood enters the oxygenation chamber B3 through the liquid separation chamber B1 and the heat exchange chamber B2 in sequence. The liquid in the blood flows through the outside of the oxygenation membrane filament (i.e., between adjacent oxygenation membrane filaments), while the gas in the blood flows through the inside of the oxygenation membrane filament to carry out gas exchange between oxygen and gas in the blood, thereby achieving the purpose of removing carbon dioxide from the blood.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The air distribution ring 113 is formed as a non-closed ring structure and is disposed in the air intake chamber E1, dividing the air intake chamber E1 into a first air intake area E11 and a second air intake area E12 that are interconnected. The first air intake area E11 is arranged in a ring between the water intake chamber F1 and the second air intake area E12, so that both the first air intake area E11 and the second air intake area E12 are formed as annular air intake areas. The air intake channel E3 extends from the outside of the first end cover housing 111 into the air intake chamber E1 and connects with the air distribution ring 113 to supply gas first into the first air intake area E11.

[0043] In the cylindrical membrane oxygenator of this application, since a non-closed annular gas distribution ring 113 is provided in the air inlet chamber E1, and the air inlet chamber E1 is divided into an annular first air inlet area E11 and an annular second air inlet area E12 that are interconnected by the gas distribution ring 113, when gas enters the air inlet chamber E1 from the air inlet channel E3, the gas is blocked by the gas distribution ring 113 and will first enter the annular first air inlet area E11 and be forced to diffuse along the inner wall of the first air inlet area E11 from the side close to the air inlet channel E3 to the side away from the air inlet channel E3; when the gas diffuses to the side of the first air inlet area E11 away from the air inlet channel E3, it will diffuse to the annular second air inlet area E12, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of gas in the air inlet chamber E1.

[0044] Therefore, compared with an oxygenator without a gas distribution ring 113, the gas in this application is more evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in the intake chamber E1, which results in a higher gas flow rate in the oxygenation membrane filaments on the side away from the intake channel E3, thereby improving the gas exchange utilization rate (including oxygen exchange efficiency and carbon dioxide removal efficiency) in the oxygenation membrane filaments, especially the removal efficiency of carbon dioxide in the blood.

[0045] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The extension direction of the intake passage E3 is tangential to the distribution ring 113.

[0046] Since the extension direction of the intake channel E3 is tangential to the gas distribution ring 113, the gas enters the intake chamber E1 from the intake channel E3 and forms a swirling flow. This accelerates the diffusion speed of the gas along the inner wall of the first intake zone E11 from the side near the intake channel E3 to the side away from the intake channel E3. This allows the gas flow rate in the oxygenation membrane filaments on the side away from the intake channel E3 to increase rapidly, thereby improving the gas exchange utilization rate in the oxygenation membrane filaments and the efficiency of carbon dioxide removal from the blood.

[0047] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first end cap housing 111 includes an annular portion 1111, a first extension portion 1112 disposed on the inner edge of the annular portion 1111, and a second extension portion 1113 disposed on the outer edge of the annular portion 1111.

[0048] An air intake chamber E1 is formed between the first extension 1112 and the second extension 1113. An air intake channel E3 communicating with the air intake chamber E1 is formed on the second extension 1113. The first channel member 112 is disposed in the annular space enclosed by the first extension 1112 and forms a water intake chamber F1 with the first extension 1112.

[0049] The air distribution ring 113 is disposed between the first extension 1112 and the second extension 1113, and the distance between the air distribution ring 113 and the first extension 1112 is arranged to increase sequentially from the intake channel E3 side toward the side away from the intake channel E3 side. At this time, the distance between the air distribution ring 113 and the second extension 1113 is arranged to decrease sequentially from the intake channel E3 side toward the side away from the intake channel E3 side.

[0050] Because the distance between the gas distribution ring 113 and the first extension 1112 increases sequentially from the side of the intake channel E3 toward the side away from the intake channel E3, the first intake area E11 has an overall spiral structure and the second intake area E12 has an overall spiral structure opposite to that of the first intake area E11. When gas enters the intake chamber E1 from the intake channel E3, the gas will flow sequentially to a larger area along the direction of increasing distance, which greatly improves the uniformity of gas distribution in different areas of the first intake area E11. When the gas diffuses to the end of the first intake area E11 away from the intake channel E3, the gas will enter the second intake area E12. In the second intake area E12, the gas will also flow sequentially to a larger area along the direction of increasing distance, which greatly improves the uniformity of gas distribution in different areas of the second intake area E12. Therefore, based on the structural shape of the first air intake zone E11 and the second air intake zone E12, the circumferential distribution uniformity of gas in the air intake chamber E1 is improved, thereby improving the gas exchange utilization rate in the oxygenation membrane filament and the removal efficiency of carbon dioxide in the blood.

[0051] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 The height of the air distribution ring 113 in the axial direction C is set to decrease sequentially from the side of the intake channel E3 toward the side away from the intake channel E3.

[0052] Since the height of the gas distribution ring 113 in the axial direction C decreases sequentially from the side of the intake channel E3 toward the side away from the intake channel E3, when gas enters the intake chamber E1 from the intake channel E3, the gas is blocked by the gas distribution ring 113 and forced to diffuse evenly along the annular first intake area E11 between the gas distribution ring 113 and the first extension 1112; when the gas moves to the side away from the intake channel E3, due to the decrease in the height of the gas distribution ring 113, the gas is more likely to diffuse from the annular first intake area E11 between the gas distribution ring 113 and the first extension 1112 to the second intake area E12 between the gas distribution ring 113 and the second extension 1113, which is beneficial to the radial diffusion of gas in the intake chamber E1.

[0053] It should be noted that one end of the intake channel E3 (called the intake port end) is located outside the intake chamber E1 and is used to receive external gas, while the other end (called the outlet end) is located inside the intake chamber E1 and is connected to the air distribution ring 113. The air distribution ring 113 completely covers the outlet end of the intake channel E3.

[0054] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first end cap housing 111 also forms a water inlet channel F3, which extends from the outside of the first end cap housing 111 and passes sequentially through the second extension 1113, the non-closed end of the air distribution ring 113, and the first extension 1112 to communicate with the water inlet chamber F1. The outer wall of the water inlet channel F3 is spaced apart from both ends of the air distribution ring 113 to form openings on both sides of the water inlet channel F3.

[0055] It should be noted that since the air distribution ring 113 is a non-closed ring structure, the non-closed end of the air distribution ring 113 refers to the open end formed by the interval between the first and last ends of the air distribution ring 113.

[0056] In this embodiment, since the water inlet channel F3 is sequentially inserted through the second extension 1113, the non-closed end of the air distribution ring 113, and the first extension 1112, and the outer wall of the water inlet channel F3 is spaced apart from the beginning and end of the air distribution ring 113 and has openings on both sides of the water inlet channel F3, when the gas diffuses to the end of the first air intake zone E11 away from the side of the air intake channel E3, the gas enters the second air intake zone E12 through the openings on both sides of the water inlet channel F3, which is conducive to the radial diffusion of the gas in the air intake chamber E1.

[0057] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The second end cap assembly 13 also forms an air outlet channel E4 that communicates with the air outlet chamber E2. The air outlet channel E4 extends tangentially along the air outlet chamber E2, and the air outlet direction of the air outlet channel E4 is opposite to the air inlet direction of the air inlet channel E3.

[0058] Since the outlet channel E4 extends tangentially along the outlet chamber E2, and the outlet direction of the outlet channel E4 is opposite to the inlet direction of the inlet channel E3, the oxygenator of this application can increase the resistance of gas flowing directly out of the oxygenation membrane filament from the side near the inlet channel E3 and reduce the resistance of gas flowing directly out of the oxygenation membrane filament from the side away from the inlet channel E3, thereby facilitating the uniform flow of gas inside the oxygenator.

[0059] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The air outlet channel E4 and the air inlet channel E3 are located on either side of the water inlet channel F3 in the radial direction D of the housing assembly 10. It should be noted that "radial D" here and below refers to the radial direction consistent with the extension direction of the liquid outlet channel A2, which will not be repeated below.

[0060] Since the outlet channel E4 and the inlet channel E3 are located on opposite sides of the inlet channel F3 in the radial direction D of the housing assembly 10, it is equivalent to the outlet channel E4 and the inlet channel E3 being set on different sides of the inlet channel F3. This can increase the resistance of gas flowing directly out of the oxygenation membrane filament from the side near the inlet channel E3 at the oxygenator end where the outlet channel E4 is located, and reduce the resistance of gas flowing directly out of the oxygenation membrane filament from the side away from the inlet channel E3, thereby facilitating the uniform flow of gas inside the oxygenator.

[0061] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second end cap assembly 13 also forms a water outlet channel F4 that communicates with the water outlet chamber F2. The air outlet channel E4 and the air inlet channel E3 are located on both sides of the water outlet channel F4 in the radial direction D of the housing assembly 10.

[0062] Since the air outlet channel E4 and the air inlet channel E3 are located on opposite sides of the water outlet channel F4 in the radial direction D of the housing assembly 10, it is equivalent to the air outlet channel E4 and the air inlet channel E3 being set on different sides of the water outlet channel F4. This can increase the resistance of gas flowing directly out of the oxygenation membrane filament from the side near the air inlet channel E3 at the oxygenator end where the air outlet channel E4 is located, and reduce the resistance of gas flowing directly out of the oxygenation membrane filament from the side away from the air inlet channel E3, thereby facilitating the uniform flow of gas inside the oxygenator.

[0063] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2The second end cap assembly 13 includes a second end cap housing 131 and a second channel member 132. The structure of the second end cap housing 131 can be similar to that of the first end cap housing 111, and the structure of the second channel member 132 can be similar to that of the first channel member 112. These details will not be elaborated here.

[0064] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cylinder assembly 12 includes an inner cylinder 121, a middle cylinder 122, and an outer cylinder 123 arranged from the inside out. A heat exchange chamber B2 is formed between the inner cylinder 121 and the middle cylinder 122, and an oxygenation chamber B3 is formed between the middle cylinder 122 and the outer cylinder 123.

[0065] The inner cylinder 121 includes a first cylinder section 1211, a plurality of liquid-distributing fins 1212, and a second cylinder section 1213 arranged sequentially along the axial direction C. The liquid-distributing column 20 is spaced apart from the first cylinder section 1211 at one end along the axial direction C and forms a liquid-distributing cavity B1 with the first cylinder section 1211, and the other end is connected to the second cylinder section 1213.

[0066] Multiple distributing fins 1212 are spaced apart on the outer circumferential surface of the distributing column 20, and the outer circumferential surface of the distributing column 20 is connected to the first cylinder portion 1211 through at least part of the distributing fins 1212. Adjacent distributing fins 1212, the distributing column 20, and the heat exchange membrane filaments form a distributing groove that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. An outlet channel A2 is formed at the end of the outer cylinder 123 away from the inlet channel A1. The inlet channel A1 is connected to the outlet channel A2 through the distributing chamber B1 and the distributing groove.

[0067] Because the outlet channel A2 (i.e., the bleeding port) is located below the membrane oxygenator, the dispensing trough can guide blood from the dispensing chamber B1 at the top of the oxygenator to the bottom. When the blood flow rate is large, the dispensing trough structure, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, is designed to facilitate the blood to rise along the axial direction C of the oxygenator, thereby preventing blood from flowing directly away from the bottom of the oxygenator and avoiding the "short circuit" phenomenon that would result in low membrane fiber utilization.

[0068] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cross-section of the dispensing column 20 increases sequentially from the part closest to the first cylindrical section 1211 toward the part furthest from the first cylindrical section 1211, so that a dispensing groove with a larger upper section and a smaller lower section is formed between the dispensing column 20, the dispensing fin 1212, and the heat exchange membrane filaments. The dispensing column 20 adopts a cross-section with a smaller upper section and a larger lower section, which is beneficial for guiding blood along the axial direction C to the lower end of the membrane oxygenator, thereby making it more conducive to the uniform distribution of blood in the axial direction of the oxygenator.

[0069] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7The multiple liquid dispensing fins 1212 include a first liquid dispensing fin 1212A and a second liquid dispensing fin 1212B. The first liquid dispensing fin 1212A and the second liquid dispensing fin 1212B are spaced apart on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid dispensing column 20. The first liquid dispensing fin 1212A is connected to the first cylindrical body 1211, while the second liquid dispensing fin 1212B is not connected to the first cylindrical body 1211.

[0070] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 At least a portion of the inlet channel A1 extends obliquely relative to the axial direction C, and the outlet channel A2 extends radially D along the housing assembly 10. The inlet of the inlet channel A1 and the outlet of the outlet channel A2 are located in the same plane. The inlet channel A1 includes a first inlet section A11 and a second inlet section A12 connected in sequence. The second inlet section A12 is located between the first inlet section A11 and the dispensing chamber B1. The extending direction of the second inlet section A12 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the outlet channel A2, and the angle between the extending direction of the first inlet section A11 and the extending direction of the outlet channel A2 is 30°-60°. For example, the angle between the extending direction of the first inlet section A11 and the extending direction of the outlet channel A2 can be 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, etc.

[0071] In this embodiment, since the inlet of the inlet channel A1 and the outlet of the outlet channel A2 are located in the same plane, and the angle between the extension direction of the first inlet section A11 and the extension direction of the outlet channel A2 is 30°-60°, the blood has dynamic inertia when entering the membrane oxygenator. By adopting the above-mentioned inlet and outlet arrangement, the blood flow direction can be changed to the axial direction (i.e., the vertical direction), making it easier to push the blood to the area of ​​the membrane oxygenator opposite to the outlet of the outlet channel A2. This improves the uniformity of blood distribution inside the membrane oxygenator, thereby improving the gas exchange efficiency of the membrane oxygenator and preventing the formation of thrombi.

[0072] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 The housing assembly 10 also forms an exhaust channel A3, which is connected to the liquid inlet channel A1 and is located at the connection between the second liquid inlet section A12 and the first liquid inlet section A11.

[0073] In this embodiment, by setting an exhaust channel A3, air bubbles in the inlet channel A1 can be discharged in a timely manner during blood delivery.

[0074] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4An oxygenation membrane filament is provided inside the oxygenation chamber B3 between the outer cylinder 123 and the middle cylinder 122. The gap between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 123 near the outlet channel A2 and the oxygenation membrane filament is larger than the gap between the inner wall of other parts of the outer cylinder 123 and the oxygenation membrane filament. In other words, in the axial direction C, the gap between the upper end of the outer cylinder 123 and the oxygenation membrane filament is larger than the gap between the lower end of the outer cylinder 123 and the oxygenation membrane filament. This allows blood to be collected in the upper region of the outer cylinder 123, which facilitates the flow of blood out of the oxygenator through the upper region of the outer cylinder 123 and the outlet channel A2.

[0075] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cylindrical membrane oxygenator, characterized in that, It includes a housing assembly (10) and a liquid separator (20). The housing assembly (10) includes a first end cap assembly (11), a cylinder assembly (12), and a second end cap assembly (13) arranged sequentially along its axial direction (C). The cylindrical assembly (12) forms a liquid outlet channel (A2), a heat exchange chamber (B2), and an oxygenation chamber (B3). The liquid distribution column (20) is disposed inside the cylindrical assembly (12) and surrounds the liquid distribution chamber (B1) with the cylindrical assembly (12). The liquid distribution chamber (B1) is connected to the liquid inlet channel (A1) and the liquid outlet channel (A2). The heat exchange chamber (B2) is connected to the liquid distribution chamber (B1) and is encapsulated with heat exchange membrane fibers inside. The oxygenation chamber (B3) is connected to the heat exchange chamber (B2) and is encapsulated with oxygenation membrane fibers inside. The first end cap assembly (11) includes a first end cap housing (111), a first channel member (112), and a gas distribution ring (113). The first end cap housing (111) forms an air inlet chamber (E1) and an air inlet channel (E3). The first channel member (112) forms a liquid inlet channel (A1). The first channel member (112) and the first end cap housing (111) form a water inlet chamber (F1). The second end cap assembly (13) forms an air outlet chamber (E2) and a water outlet chamber (F2). The air distribution ring (113) is disposed in the air intake chamber (E1) and is a non-closed ring structure, so as to divide the air intake chamber (E1) into a first air intake area (E11) and a second air intake area (E12) that are interconnected, and the first air intake area (E11) is arranged in a ring between the water intake chamber (F1) and the second air intake area (E12). The air intake channel (E3) extends from the outside of the first end cover housing (111) into the air intake chamber (E1) and is connected to the air distribution ring (113) to supply gas into the first air intake zone (E11).

2. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake passage (E3) extends tangentially to the air distribution ring (113).

3. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end cap housing (111) includes an annular portion (1111), a first extension portion (1112) disposed on the inner edge of the annular portion (1111), and a second extension portion (1113) disposed on the outer edge of the annular portion (1111); The air inlet chamber (E1) is formed between the first extension (1112) and the second extension (1113), and the water inlet chamber (F1) is formed between the first channel member (112) and the first extension (1112); The air distribution ring (113) is disposed between the first extension (1112) and the second extension (1113), and the distance between the air distribution ring (113) and the first extension (1112) increases sequentially from the side of the air intake channel (E3) toward the side away from the air intake channel (E3).

4. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the air distribution ring (113) in the axial direction (C) decreases sequentially from the side of the air intake channel (E3) toward the side away from the air intake channel (E3).

5. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first end cap housing (111) also forms a water inlet channel (F3), which passes through the second extension (1113), the non-closed end of the air distribution ring (113) and the first extension (1112) from the outside of the first end cap housing (111) to communicate with the water inlet cavity (F1); The outer wall of the water inlet channel (F3) is spaced apart from both ends of the air distribution ring (113) to form openings on both sides of the water inlet channel (F3).

6. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end cap assembly (13) also forms an air outlet channel (E4) communicating with the air outlet chamber (E2). The air outlet channel (E4) extends tangentially along the air outlet chamber (E2), and the air outlet direction of the air outlet channel (E4) is opposite to the air inlet direction of the air inlet channel (E3).

7. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air outlet channel (E4) and the air inlet channel (E3) are located on both sides of the water inlet channel (F3) in the radial direction (D) of the housing assembly (10).

8. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second end cap assembly (13) also forms a water outlet channel (F4) communicating with the water outlet chamber (F2); The air outlet channel (E4) and the air inlet channel (E3) are located on both sides of the water outlet channel (F4) in the radial direction (D) of the housing assembly (10).

9. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The cylindrical assembly (12) includes an inner cylinder (121), a middle cylinder (122), and an outer cylinder (123) arranged from the inside to the outside. The heat exchange chamber (B2) is formed between the inner cylinder (121) and the middle cylinder (122), and the oxygenation chamber (B3) is formed between the middle cylinder (122) and the outer cylinder (123). The inner cylinder (121) includes a first cylinder section (1211), a plurality of liquid distribution fins (1212), and a second cylinder section (1213) arranged sequentially along the axial direction (C); The liquid distribution column (20) is spaced apart from the first cylindrical part (1211) at one end in the axial direction (C) and surrounds the liquid distribution chamber (B1) with the first cylindrical part (1211). The other end is connected to the second cylindrical part (1213). The outer peripheral surface of the liquid distribution column (20) is connected to the first cylindrical part (1211) through the liquid distribution fin (1212). Two adjacent liquid distribution fins (1212) form a liquid distribution groove with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part between the liquid distribution column (20) and the heat exchange membrane filament. The outer cylinder (123) has an outlet channel (A2) formed at the end away from the inlet channel (A1). The inlet channel (A1) is connected to the outlet channel (A2) through the liquid distribution chamber (B1) and the liquid distribution tank.

10. The cylindrical membrane oxygenator according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the inlet channel (A1) extends obliquely relative to the axial direction (C), the outlet channel (A2) extends radially (D) of the housing assembly (10), and the inlet of the inlet channel (A1) and the outlet of the outlet channel (A2) are located in the same plane. The liquid inlet channel (A1) includes a first liquid inlet section (A11) and a second liquid inlet section (A12) connected in sequence, and the second liquid inlet section (A12) is located between the first liquid inlet section (A11) and the liquid distribution chamber (B1); The extension direction of the second inlet section (A12) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the outlet channel (A2), and the angle between the extension direction of the first inlet section (A11) and the extension direction of the outlet channel (A2) is 30°-60°.

Images