Firefighter self-rescue escape device

Abstract

The application discloses a firefighter self-rescue device, which comprises a shell, a bearing mechanism, a rope, a winding device, a locking device and a holding and releasing mechanism. The shell is provided with a containing space and a guide hole connected with the outside, the bearing mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the shell and used for bearing a user, the rope is movably arranged in the guide hole and connected with a hook, the winding device is arranged in the containing space and connected with the rope to tighten or release the rope, the locking device is used for locking the winding device to limit the release of the rope, and the holding and releasing mechanism is rotatably sleeved on the shell and connected with the locking device, so that the user can hold and twist the holding and releasing mechanism to release the locking. In use, the hook is fixed on an anchor point, the user is borne by the bearing mechanism, the holding and releasing mechanism is held and twisted to control the controllable release of the rope, uniform and slow descending is realized, the safety risk of the firefighter in high-altitude self-rescue is effectively reduced, the operation is simple and reliable, and the device is suitable for emergency escape scenes such as high-rise building fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-fighting high-altitude self-rescue and escape equipment technology, and in particular to a firefighter self-rescue and escape device. Background Technology

[0002] In fire rescue scenarios such as high-rise building fires and building collapses, firefighters often face emergencies such as being trapped at high altitudes, blocked passages, and failure of conventional evacuation routes. High-altitude self-rescue escape devices are core equipment to ensure the personal safety of firefighters and achieve emergency evacuation. They rely on rope descent structures to achieve safe, low-speed descent from high altitudes and are widely used in the field of fire emergency rescue.

[0003] Currently available firefighter self-rescue escape devices on the market and those with published patents mostly adopt purely mechanical automatic slow-descent structures, push-to-unlock slow-descent structures, or fixed uniform-speed falling structures. The devices lack a dedicated control structure that can be actively controlled by humans during the falling process, which poses a significant safety defect. Once assembled, existing escape devices rely solely on their internal damping structure to achieve a fixed descent speed. They descend automatically without any manual gripping or twisting, and there is no human intervention, start / stop, or speed adjustment during the descent. They depend entirely on the device's passive descent. When firefighters are trapped in a fire, factors such as high temperatures, smoke obstructing their vision, physical injuries, exhaustion, and panic can easily lead to loss of balance and accidental activation of the escape device. This can result in dangerous situations such as accidental unlocking, sudden descent, excessive speed, or uncontrolled sliding. The devices cannot be paused, adjusted in speed, or locked in real time based on the fire situation, obstacles, or surrounding rescue environment. They are unsuitable for the intermittent and controllable escape needs of fire scenes, and are highly prone to injuries from falls, collisions with walls, and scrapes from debris, resulting in extremely high safety risks for firefighters attempting high-altitude self-rescue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a firefighter self-rescue escape device that can reduce the safety risks of firefighters rescuing themselves from heights.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A firefighter self-rescue escape device includes: a shell, a support mechanism, a rope, a winding device, a locking device, and a gripping and releasing mechanism;

[0007] The housing is provided with a receiving space and a guide hole, the guide hole connecting the receiving space and the external environment;

[0008] The support mechanism is located on the outer wall of the housing and is used to support the user;

[0009] The rope is connected to a hook, and the rope is movably passed through the guide hole;

[0010] The winding device is located within the receiving space and connected to the rope, so as to tighten or release the rope;

[0011] The locking device is located within the receiving space and is used to lock the winding device to prevent the winding device from releasing the rope;

[0012] The grip release mechanism is rotatably fitted onto the housing and drives the locking device. The grip release mechanism is used by the user to grip and twist, thereby causing the locking device to release its restriction on the winding device.

[0013] Furthermore, the firefighter self-rescue escape device also includes a telescopic rod, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a storage groove. The telescopic rod is located in the storage groove and is driven to connect to the supporting mechanism so that the supporting mechanism can be movably stored in the storage groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the housing is provided with retractable straps, which are used to secure the user to the support mechanism and to allow the user to put the straps over their shoulders to carry the housing while walking.

[0015] Furthermore, the winding device includes a rotating shaft and a winding reel. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively pivotally connected to the inner wall of the accommodating space, and the winding reel is located in the middle of the rotating shaft. The winding reel is used to store or release the rope.

[0016] Furthermore, the winding device also includes at least two bearings, the outer ring of each bearing being connected to the inner wall of the receiving space, and the inner ring of each bearing being connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the bearing is a damping bearing.

[0018] The locking device includes a meshing gear, a bracket, a meshing plate, a limiting plate, and an elastic element. The meshing gear is sleeved around the rotating shaft. The bracket is installed within the receiving space and has a guide rail. The meshing plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail and can mesh with the meshing gear. The direction in which the meshing plate points to the limiting plate is defined as a first direction. The limiting plate is located on one side of the guide rail and is used to prevent the meshing plate from sliding along the first direction. The elastic element is used to drive the meshing plate to mesh with the meshing gear. The meshing plate has a pushed portion, which is squeezed by the gripping release mechanism to limit the movement of the meshing plate in the opposite direction of the first direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the grip release mechanism includes a drive rod, a rotating push rod, and a torsion spring. The drive rod is rotatably sleeved on the housing. The rotating push rod is disposed on the drive rod and located within the receiving space. The rotating push rod is used to push and lock the pushed part. The torsion spring is sleeved around the drive rod and is used to drive the drive rod to rotate back to its original position, thereby driving the rotating push rod to push and lock the pushed part.

[0020] Furthermore, the drive rod has a grip portion located in the external environment, and the grip portion is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0021] Furthermore, the firefighter self-rescue escape device also includes a shock-absorbing device and a rolling wheel. The rolling wheel is connected to the side of the housing away from the load-bearing mechanism through the shock-absorbing device, and the rolling wheel is used to roll and abut against the building wall.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. Based on the structural design where the load-bearing mechanism is set on the outer wall of the shell and used to support the user, firefighters can sit and rely on the load-bearing mechanism to slide down from a height to escape. This is different from the traditional method of escaping by holding ropes with bare hands. It effectively avoids the risk of falling from a height due to hand fatigue and slippage, improves the stability of the human body during the escape process, and effectively reduces the safety hazards of firefighters' self-rescue at height.

[0024] 2. Based on the structure of the shell having a guide hole connecting the containment space with the external environment, and the rope moving through the guide hole, the guide hole can accurately limit and guide the rope's release and retrieval movements, avoiding problems such as rope deviation, entanglement, jamming, and getting stuck during the escape process, ensuring smooth and stable rope release and retrieval, preventing sudden stops in the escape or sudden rapid descent due to rope failure, and further ensuring the stability and safety of firefighters' high-altitude self-rescue process.

[0025] 3. Based on the grip release mechanism driven by the rotatable sleeve attached to the shell, the locking device can be controlled by manually gripping and twisting to lock and unlock the winding device. Firefighters can brake, pause or adjust the escape status in real time according to the descent speed and the on-site danger, so that the entire process of high-altitude escape is human-controlled. It can respond to sudden dangerous situations in a timely manner, avoid the risk of uncontrolled escape at high altitudes, and reduce the safety risks of firefighters' high-altitude self-rescue operations. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a firefighter self-rescue escape device according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a first sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a second cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 101. Accommodation space; 102. Guide hole; 103. Storage slot; 2. Bearing mechanism; 3. Rope; 4. Hook; 5. Rewinding device; 501. Rotating shaft; 502. Rewinding reel; 503. Bearing; 6. Locking device; 601. Engaging gear; 602. Bracket; 6021. Guide rail; 603. Engaging plate; 6031. Pushed part; 604. Limiting plate; 605. Elastic element; 7. Grip release mechanism; 701. Drive rod; 7011. Grip part; 702. Rotating push rod; 703. Torsion spring; 8. Telescopic rod; 9. Retractable strap; 10. Shock absorption device; 11. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] See Figures 1-4 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a firefighter self-rescue escape device, comprising: a shell 1, a supporting mechanism 2, a rope 3, a winding device 5, a locking device 6, and a gripping and releasing mechanism 7;

[0035] The housing 1 is provided with a receiving space 101 and a guide hole 102, the guide hole 102 connecting the receiving space 101 and the external environment;

[0036] The supporting mechanism 2 is disposed on the outer wall of the housing 1 and is used to support the user;

[0037] The rope 3 is connected to a hook 4, and the rope 3 is movably passed through the guide hole 102;

[0038] The winding device 5 is located within the receiving space 101 and is connected to the rope 3 so as to tighten or release the rope 3.

[0039] The locking device 6 is disposed within the receiving space 101 and is used to lock the winding device 5 to restrict the winding device 5 from releasing the rope 3.

[0040] The grip release mechanism 7 is rotatably sleeved on the housing 1 and drives the locking device 6. The grip release mechanism 7 is used for the user to grip and twist, so as to drive the locking device 6 to release the restriction on the winding device 5.

[0041] The supporting mechanism 2 can be made of aviation aluminum alloy, manganese steel, carbon fiber, or glass fiber reinforced PA66 plastic; the rope 3 can be made of flame-retardant nylon rope, aramid rope, high-strength polyester safety rope, or steel wire core escape rope.

[0042] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, firefighters first sit on the support mechanism 2 outside the escape device housing 1, then firmly attach the hook 4 at one end of the rope 3 to a sturdy and reliable fixed position such as a building railing or fixed bracket 602, completing the preparation work before escape. The rope 3 passes through the guide hole 102 on the housing 1, allowing for smooth extension and retraction. Simultaneously, the guide hole 102 constrains the position of the rope 3, preventing it from deviating or getting stuck, ensuring smooth operation. When firefighters need to escape from a height, the winding device 5 inside the housing 1 automatically releases the rope 3. The firefighter sitting on the support mechanism 2 slowly slides down the rope 3, safely completing the high-altitude descent escape. If the descent is too fast or a sudden dangerous situation occurs, the firefighter only needs to grasp the grip release mechanism 7 on the housing 1 and gently twist it to activate the internal locking device 6, locking the winding device 5 and preventing it from continuing to release the rope 3, immediately stopping the descent and avoiding dangerous situations such as rapid falls or loss of control. Firefighters can freely control the release or locking of rope 3 by twisting and manipulating this gripping structure, adjusting the descent speed at any time, or even stopping the descent. After landing, they can also manipulate the device to reverse the winding mechanism 5, retracting rope 3 for future use. Through the coordinated operation of its various components, this escape device allows firefighters to maintain full control during high-altitude escapes, avoiding the danger of loss of control during falls and significantly reducing the safety risks of high-altitude self-rescue, making high-altitude escapes safer and more stable.

[0043] Obviously, based on the structural design of the bearing mechanism 2 being set on the outer wall of the shell 1 and used to support the user, firefighters can sit and rely on the bearing mechanism 2 to support their weight and slide down from a height to escape. This is different from the traditional way of escaping by holding the rope 3 with bare hands. It effectively avoids the risk of falling from a height due to hand fatigue and slippage, improves the stability of the human body during the escape process, and effectively reduces the safety hazards of firefighters' self-rescue at height.

[0044] Based on the structure of the shell 1 having a guide hole 102 connecting the accommodating space 101 to the external environment, and the rope 3 being movably passed through the guide hole 102, the guide hole 102 can precisely limit and guide the rope 3's release and retraction movements, avoiding problems such as rope 3 deviating, tangling, jamming, or getting stuck during the escape process, ensuring that the rope 3 is released and retracted smoothly and stably, preventing sudden stops in the escape or sudden rapid descent due to rope 3 malfunction, and further ensuring the stability and safety of firefighters' high-altitude self-rescue process.

[0045] Based on the gripping and releasing mechanism 7 rotatably sleeved on the housing 1, the locking device 6 is driven and connected. The locking device 6 can be controlled to lock and unlock the winding device 5 by manual gripping and twisting. Firefighters can brake, pause or adjust the escape status in real time according to the descent speed and the on-site danger. The entire process of high-altitude escape is human-controlled, which can respond to sudden dangerous situations in a timely manner, avoid the risk of uncontrolled escape at high altitudes, and reduce the safety risks of firefighters' high-altitude self-rescue operations.

[0046] Preferably, the firefighter self-rescue escape device further includes a telescopic rod 8. The bottom of the housing 1 has a storage slot 103, and the telescopic rod 8 is located in the storage slot 103 and is driven to connect to the supporting mechanism 2, allowing the supporting mechanism 2 to be movably stored in the storage slot 103. Clearly, the telescopic rod 8, in conjunction with the storage slot 103 at the bottom of the housing 1, enables the supporting mechanism 2 to extend and retract, and to be stored and folded. During escape operations, the supporting mechanism 2 can be extended for firefighters to sit on, ensuring stable support and load-bearing posture during high-altitude escapes. When the device is idle, carried, or worn, the supporting mechanism 2 can be retracted into the storage slot 103 via the telescopic rod 8, avoiding the problems of exposed protrusions causing bumps and excessive space occupation, effectively reducing the overall size of the device. This facilitates firefighters' carrying, mobility, and operation in complex fire environments, improving the device's portability and environmental adaptability. The telescopic rod 8 can be an electric, pneumatic, or manual telescopic rod.

[0047] Preferably, the outer wall of the housing 1 is provided with a retractable strap 9. The retractable strap 9 is used to secure the user to the support mechanism 2 and to allow the user to slip it over their shoulders to carry the housing 1 while walking. Clearly, the retractable strap 9 on the outer wall of the housing 1 has a dual function. During high-altitude escape operations, it can securely bind the firefighter to the support mechanism 2, effectively preventing the body from swaying, shifting, or falling off the support mechanism 2 during the escape descent, further improving the safety and stability of the escape process. During daily mobile movement and fire scene transport, the retractable strap 9 can be slipped over the shoulders to carry the entire equipment by shoulder carrying, eliminating the need to hold the equipment by hand, freeing the firefighter's hands, adapting to the complex and ever-changing working environment of a fire scene, and improving the convenience and practicality of carrying the equipment. The retractable strap 9 can be made of flame-retardant nylon webbing, high-strength polyester webbing, aramid webbing, or elastic flame-retardant rubber tape.

[0048] Preferably, the winding device 5 includes a rotating shaft 501 and a winding reel 502. The two ends of the rotating shaft 501 are pivotally connected to the inner wall of the accommodating space 101, and the winding reel 502 is located in the middle of the rotating shaft 501. The winding reel 502 is used to store or release the rope 3. Clearly, the structure of the rotating shaft 501 with its two pivotally fixed ends and the winding reel 502 located in the middle ensures that the winding reel 502 experiences uniform force during rotation and has high coaxiality. This effectively avoids issues such as uneven winding, tangled winding, overlapping, and jamming of the rope 3 during winding and unwinding, resulting in a more even and smooth release of the rope 3 and a more neat and orderly winding. This ensures that the firefighter's descent speed is stable and controllable, improving the stability and reliability of the equipment for high-altitude escape operations.

[0049] Preferably, the winding device 5 further includes at least two bearings 503, the outer ring of each bearing 503 being connected to the inner wall of the accommodating space 101, and the inner ring of each bearing 503 being connected to one end of the rotating shaft 501. Clearly, providing bearings 503 at both ends of the rotating shaft 501 for rotational support reduces the rotational frictional resistance between the rotating shaft 501 and the housing 1, making the rotation of the winding reel 502 for releasing and winding the rope 3 smoother, more sensitive, and without jamming. This effectively avoids problems such as sudden changes in the release speed of the rope 3 due to dry friction, ensuring a uniform and stable speed for the firefighter's descent, further improving the controllability and safety of high-altitude escape, while also reducing component wear and effectively extending the overall service life of the equipment. The bearings 503 can be stainless steel bearings, wear-resistant alloy bearings, copper-based oil-impregnated bearings, or high-strength corrosion-resistant bearings.

[0050] Preferably, the bearing 503 is a damping bearing. Clearly, by setting the bearing 503 supporting the rotating shaft 501 as a damping bearing 503, a constant damping resistance can be provided during the rotation of the reel 502 to wind up and unwind the rope 3. This automatically suppresses the tendency for the rope 3 to fall too quickly during release, preventing firefighters from experiencing a sudden acceleration and weightlessness due to their own weight. It achieves automatic buffering and uniform release of the descent speed, forming a dual speed protection system with the locking device 6, further reducing the risk of loss of control during high-altitude escape and improving the safety and stability of the equipment. The damping bearing can be a powder metallurgy damping bearing, a silicone damping bearing, a metal friction damping bearing, or a high-temperature resistant damping bearing.

[0051] Preferably, the locking device 6 includes a meshing gear 601, a bracket 602, a meshing plate 603, a limiting plate 604, and an elastic element 605. The meshing gear 601 is sleeved around the rotating shaft 501. The bracket 602 is installed in the receiving space 101 and is provided with a guide rail 6021. The meshing plate 603 is slidably installed on the guide rail 6021 and can mesh with the meshing gear 601. The meshing plate 603 is defined to point towards the limiting plate 605. The direction of plate 604 is the first direction. The limiting plate 604 is disposed on one side of the guide rail 6021. The limiting plate 604 is used to prevent the biting plate 603 from sliding along the first direction. The elastic member 605 is used to drive the biting plate 603 to mesh with the biting gear 601. The biting plate 603 has a pushed part 6031. The pushed part 6031 is used to be squeezed by the gripping release mechanism 7 to limit the biting plate 603 from moving in the opposite direction of the first direction. Obviously, the locking structure using a gear-engaging sliding engagement plate 603, with the guide rail 6021 of the bracket 602 precisely sliding and limiting the engagement plate 603, ensures accurate alignment and reliable engagement between the engagement plate 603 and the engagement gear 601, preventing misalignment or disengagement. The unidirectional limiting of the limiting plate 604, combined with the elastic push-reset of the elastic element 605, and the controllable unlocking achieved by the gripping release mechanism 7 squeezing the pushed part 6031, makes the overall locking and unlocking actions logically clear and responsive. In the event of an emergency, it can quickly lock the rotating shaft 501 and the reel 502, promptly preventing the release of the rope 3, effectively reducing the risk of high-speed falls and rope loss of control. Simultaneously, the unlocking operation is simple and effortless, with strong operational stability, improving the controllability and safety of firefighters' high-altitude self-rescue. The elastic element 605 can be a compression spring.

[0052] Preferably, the grip release mechanism 7 includes a drive rod 701, a rotating push rod 702, and a torsion spring 703. The drive rod 701 is rotatably sleeved on the housing 1. The rotating push rod 702 is disposed on the drive rod 701 and located within the receiving space 101. The rotating push rod 702 is used to push and lock the pushed part 6031. The torsion spring 703 is sleeved on the periphery of the drive rod 701 and is used to drive the drive rod 701 to rotate back to its original position, so as to drive the rotating push rod 702 to push and lock the pushed part 6031. Clearly, the combination of the drive rod 701, the rotating push rod 702, and the torsion spring 703 results in a compact and highly integrated grip release mechanism 7, suitable for the limited installation space inside the housing 1. Manually twisting the drive rod 701 drives the rotating push rod 702 to unlock the mechanism. Upon release, the elastic return torque of the torsion spring 703 automatically drives the drive rod 701 to rotate back to its original position, causing the rotating push rod 702 to re-push and lock the pushed part 6031, achieving an automatic locking and reset function. No secondary manual operation is required, ensuring timely locking response and simple, sensitive operation. This avoids safety hazards caused by human error and guarantees precise and reliable switching between locking and unlocking actions during escape, further enhancing the safety and ease of use of the equipment for high-altitude self-rescue. The torsion spring 703 can be a precision torsion spring or a high-temperature resistant shaped torsion spring.

[0053] Preferably, the drive rod 701 has a grip portion 7011 located in the external environment, and the grip portion 7011 is provided with anti-slip texture. Obviously, providing anti-slip texture on the exposed grip portion 7011 of the drive rod 701 can increase the friction between the hand and the grip portion 7011, preventing slippage and loss of grip under conditions such as dampness, sweat, and dirt in a fire scene. This ensures stable and reliable operation and force application when firefighters operate the drive rod 701 to unlock or lock, preventing operational malfunctions and delayed braking due to grip slippage, improving the accuracy and reliability of equipment operation, and further ensuring operational safety during high-altitude escape. The anti-slip texture can be a granular anti-slip texture, a striped anti-slip texture, a mesh anti-slip texture, or a raised dotted anti-slip texture.

[0054] Preferably, the firefighter self-rescue escape device further includes a shock-absorbing device 10 and a rolling wheel 11. The rolling wheel 11 is connected to the side of the housing 1 away from the supporting mechanism 2 via the shock-absorbing device 10, and the rolling wheel 11 is used to roll against the building wall. Obviously, by setting the rolling wheel 11 on the outside of the housing 1 to roll against the building wall, the sliding friction between the device and the wall during the descent can be changed to rolling friction, reducing the frictional resistance between the device and the wall, avoiding the problems of jamming, deviation, violent shaking, and wear of the housing 1 caused by direct hard friction between the housing 1 and the wall, and ensuring a smoother and more stable descent. At the same time, the shock-absorbing device 10 can effectively absorb the vibration and impact caused by the unevenness and bumps of the wall during the escape, buffering vertical and lateral shaking, avoiding the situation where the vibration causes the person to lose balance, the device to deviate, and the rope 3 to suddenly change force, further improving the stability and safety of the firefighter's high-altitude descent escape, and adapting to various rough and uneven building wall escape environments in fire scenes. The roller 11 can be made of wear-resistant rubber, polyurethane silent roller, anti-slip nylon roller or high-temperature resistant engineering plastic roller, and the shock absorption device 10 can be made of spring shock absorber, rubber shock absorption pad, damping shock absorption component or elastic buffer column.

[0055] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A firefighter self-rescue escape device, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) is provided with a receiving space (101) and a guide hole (102), the guide hole (102) connecting the receiving space (101) and the external environment; The support mechanism (2) is located on the outer wall of the housing (1) and is used to support the user; A rope (3) is connected to a hook (4), and the rope (3) is movably threaded through the guide hole (102). A winding device (5) is provided in the receiving space (101) and connected to the rope (3) so as to be able to tighten or release the rope (3). A locking device (6) is provided in the receiving space (101) and is used to lock the winding device (5) to restrict the winding device (5) from releasing the rope (3). A grip release mechanism (7) is rotatably fitted onto the housing (1) and drives the locking device (6). The grip release mechanism (7) is used by the user to grip and twist, so as to drive the locking device (6) to release the restriction on the winding device (5).

2. The firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The firefighter self-rescue escape device also includes a telescopic rod (8), and the bottom of the housing (1) is provided with a storage groove (103). The telescopic rod (8) is located in the storage groove (103) and is driven to connect to the bearing mechanism (2) so that the bearing mechanism (2) can be movably stored in the storage groove (103).

3. The firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the housing (1) is provided with a retractable strap (9), which is used to fix the user to the bearing mechanism (2) and to allow the user to put it on their shoulders to carry the housing (1) while walking.

4. The firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winding device (5) includes a rotating shaft (501) and a winding reel (502). The two ends of the rotating shaft (501) are respectively pivotally connected to the inner wall of the accommodating space (101). The winding reel (502) is located in the middle of the rotating shaft (501). The winding reel (502) is used to store or release the rope (3).

5. A firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The winding device (5) further includes at least two bearings (503), the outer ring of each bearing (503) is connected to the inner wall of the receiving space (101), and the inner ring of each bearing (503) is connected to one end of the rotating shaft (501).

6. A firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bearing (503) is a damping bearing.

7. A firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking device (6) includes a meshing gear (601), a bracket (602), a meshing plate (603), a limiting plate (604), and an elastic element (605). The meshing gear (601) is sleeved around the rotating shaft (501). The bracket (602) is installed in the receiving space (101). The bracket (602) is provided with a guide rail (6021). The meshing plate (603) is slidably installed on the guide rail (6021) and can mesh with the meshing gear (601). The meshing plate (603) is defined to point towards the limiting plate. The direction of the plate (604) is the first direction. The limiting plate (604) is disposed on one side of the guide rail (6021). The limiting plate (604) is used to prevent the biting plate (603) from sliding along the first direction. The elastic member (605) is used to drive the biting plate (603) to mesh with the biting gear (601). The biting plate (603) has a pushed part (6031). The pushed part (6031) is used to be squeezed by the gripping release mechanism (7) to limit the biting plate (603) from moving in the opposite direction of the first direction.

8. A firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The grip release mechanism (7) includes a drive rod (701), a rotating push rod (702), and a torsion spring (703). The drive rod (701) is rotatably sleeved on the housing (1). The rotating push rod (702) is disposed on the drive rod (701) and located in the receiving space (101). The rotating push rod (702) is used to push and lock the pushed part (6031). The torsion spring (703) is sleeved on the periphery of the drive rod (701) and is used to drive the drive rod (701) to rotate back to its original position, so as to drive the rotating push rod (702) to push and lock the pushed part (6031).

9. A firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive rod (701) has a grip (7011) located in the external environment, and the grip (7011) is provided with anti-slip texture.

10. A firefighter self-rescue escape device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The firefighter self-rescue escape device also includes a shock-absorbing device (10) and a rolling wheel (11). The rolling wheel (11) is connected to the side of the housing (1) away from the bearing mechanism (2) through the shock-absorbing device (10). The rolling wheel (11) is used to roll against the building wall.

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