A high-efficiency dust collecting and processing device for a charging platform

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-efficiency dust collection and processing device for charging trolley, and the application relates to the technical field of charging trolley, including tank, baffle, negative pressure fan and filter screen, the baffle and negative pressure fan are all arranged in tank, by the baffle, tank is divided into first cavity and second cavity, the baffle is provided with through hole, the filter screen is arranged at through hole, the negative pressure fan is used to make the gas in the first cavity pass through filter screen and enter into second cavity, further include differential mechanism, be arranged in the tank, the differential mechanism generates displacement under the pressure difference between first cavity and second cavity. By setting piston inside first cavity and second cavity, the pressure difference between first cavity and second cavity is detected by the movement of piston, so as to judge the degree of filter screen blockage, and the piston is used as driving source, drives other components to clean and cool filter screen, so that ammonium oil explosive falls off and is collected in tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drug loading trolley technology, specifically to a high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for drug loading trolleys. Background Technology

[0002] In blasting projects such as tunnel excavation and mining, the charging trolley is the core equipment for achieving mechanized continuous charging of explosives into blast holes. Currently, the commonly used ammonium nitrate (ANN) explosives, during pneumatic conveying and loading, blow residual rock powder, drill cuttings, and some explosive particles from the borehole opening at high speed, forming dust with extremely high instantaneous concentration and strong dispersion. This dust not only contains inhalable free silica, seriously endangering the respiratory health of operators, but also poses a serious risk of combustion and explosion in enclosed tunnels due to the high concentration of flammable explosive dust. Therefore, the charging trolley must be equipped with a dust collection and treatment device.

[0003] Currently, the dust collection and treatment device equipped on the charging trolley mainly consists of a dust suction hood, exhaust duct, dust collector, negative pressure fan, and dust collection box. Its core workflow is as follows: the dust suction hood carried at the end of the charging robotic arm is pressed against the rock wall surrounding the borehole, and the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan draws the dust-laden airflow into the duct; the dust-laden gas first passes through an inertial settling or cyclone separator to remove large rock fragments and explosive particles, and then undergoes fine filtration through a bag or cartridge filter unit. The purified air is discharged into the tunnel, while the trapped dust falls into the dust collection box for storage. However, in dust collection and treatment, due to the oily adhesive properties of nitrous oxide explosives containing diesel components, after being trapped by the filter screen in the charging trolley's dust collection and treatment device, a paste-like agglomerate easily forms on the filter screen surface, leading to filter blockage, a sharp increase in exhaust resistance, and seriously affecting operational efficiency.

[0004] To address the problem of filter clogging, existing technologies generally employ pulse jet cleaning. This involves using a differential pressure sensor to detect the pressure difference across the filter. When the pressure difference reaches a threshold, a controller activates a solenoid valve, using compressed air to reverse-jet clean the filter. However, this method has several drawbacks: First, the air pressure applied to the filter is fixed and cannot be adjusted adaptively according to the degree of clogging. Second, while tapping the filter with a striking component can clear the clogging, the fixed positions of the filter and the striking component mean that only specific areas can be tapped, leaving the rest of the filter still clogged. Third, the air jet cleaning effect is limited on oily dust. Ammonium nitrate fuel (ANN) sticks to the filter due to its strong adhesion, making it difficult to be blown off by the airflow. This results in the filter needing timely cleaning and replacement after clogging before continued use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a drug loading trolley, comprising a tank, a partition, a negative pressure fan, and a filter screen. The partition and the negative pressure fan are both disposed within the tank. The partition divides the tank into a first chamber and a second chamber. A through-hole is provided on the partition, and the filter screen is disposed at the through-hole. The negative pressure fan is used to allow gas in the first chamber to pass through the filter screen and enter the second chamber. The device also includes: A differential pressure mechanism is installed inside the tank. The differential pressure mechanism generates displacement under the action of the pressure difference between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the greater the pressure difference, the greater the displacement. A cleaning mechanism, located inside the tank, is used to tap the filter screen; The cleaning mechanism includes an amplification component, an adjustment component, at least one tapping component, and a moving component. When the differential pressure mechanism is displaced by the pressure difference between the first cavity and the second cavity, it pushes the amplification component to move. The amplification component drives the tapping component to work through the adjustment component. The greater the pressure difference between the first cavity and the second cavity, the greater the travel of the differential pressure mechanism, the more taps the tapping component makes, and the better the cleaning effect. When the amplifying component moves, it drives the filter to move, causing the tapping component to tap different positions on the filter. The greater the pressure difference between the first and second chambers, the greater the travel distance of the pressure difference mechanism, the greater the filter's travel distance, the larger the cleaning range, and the better the cleaning effect. The cooling mechanism, located in the second cavity, includes a gas cylinder, a switch assembly, and multiple nozzles. The gas cylinder contains a cooling medium. When the amplification assembly is pushed by the differential pressure mechanism, it pushes the switch assembly. The cooling medium passes through the switch assembly and is sprayed out from the nozzles, spraying air onto the inner wall of the filter screen. By spraying out the cooling medium, the adhesion of ammonium nitrate explosive is reduced and the filter screen is cleaned.

[0006] Preferably, the differential pressure mechanism includes a housing, a piston, and a moving rod. The partition plate has a mounting hole, the housing is disposed inside the mounting hole, and connection holes are provided on both sides of the housing. The piston is slidably disposed inside the housing, and the moving rod is disposed at one end of the piston near the second cavity. When the filter screen gradually becomes clogged, the pressure difference between the first cavity and the second cavity gradually increases, and the piston will gradually move towards the second cavity under the action of the pressure difference.

[0007] Preferably, the amplification assembly includes a first rotating rod, a rotating plate, and a return spring. The first rotating rod is rotatably disposed inside the second cavity. The rotating plate is disposed on the first rotating rod, with one side of the rotating plate abutting against a moving rod. The two ends of the return spring are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the tank and the other side of the rotating plate, for resetting the piston when the pressure difference between the first cavity and the second cavity is restored.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism further includes a housing disposed inside the through hole; The adjustment assembly includes a first hinge rod, a movable plate, a fixed frame, a gear, and a second rotating rod. The two ends of the first hinge rod are respectively hinged to the movable plate and the rotating plate. The end of the movable plate away from the first hinge rod is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The gear is rotatably disposed inside the housing. The second rotating rod is rotatably disposed on the gear and located inside the fixed frame. When the rotating plate rotates, it pushes the movable plate and the fixed frame to move through the first hinge rod. When the fixed frame moves, it drives the second rotating rod and the gear to rotate. A limiting block is provided on one side of the movable plate, and a limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the box. The limiting block is slidably disposed inside the limiting groove to enable the movable plate to move linearly.

[0009] Preferably, the striking assembly includes a chamber, a third rotating rod, a torsion spring, a connecting plate, a connecting rod, and a hammer. The chamber is disposed on the inner wall of the box. The third rotating rod is rotatably disposed inside the chamber and extends to the outside of the chamber. The torsion spring is sleeved on the third rotating rod. One end of the torsion spring abuts against the inner wall of the chamber, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the third rotating rod. The connecting plate and the connecting rod are both disposed on the third rotating rod and located outside the chamber. The hammer is disposed at the end of the connecting rod away from the third rotating rod. The box has a square hole for the hammer to strike the filter screen.

[0010] Preferably, the moving assembly includes a second hinge rod, an annular plate, a connecting spring, a telescopic rod, and a push rod. The partition plate has a groove communicating with the through hole. The annular plate is slidably disposed inside the groove. The filter screen is disposed on the annular plate. The two ends of the second hinge rod are respectively hinged to one end of the rotating plate and one end of the push rod. The other end of the push rod abuts against the annular plate. Multiple telescopic rods are provided between the inner wall of the groove and the annular plate for making the annular plate and the filter screen move linearly. A connecting spring is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic rod for resetting the annular plate and the filter screen after the push rod moves away from the annular plate.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling medium is liquid carbon dioxide. When the cooling medium is sprayed from the nozzle, the pressure drops sharply, and it instantly vaporizes, expands, and absorbs heat, thereby cooling the filter screen and reducing the adhesion of the ammonium nitrate explosive powder. At the same time, air is blown onto the filter screen to remove some of the ammonium nitrate explosive powder from the filter screen.

[0012] Preferably, the switch assembly includes a mounting box, a stop block, a limit spring, a T-shaped rod, and a fixing rod. The mounting box is disposed on a partition plate, and both ends of the mounting box have air holes for the cooling medium to enter and exit. The stop block is slidably disposed inside the mounting box for opening and closing the air holes. The two ends of the limit spring are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting box and one end of the stop block, respectively, for resetting the stop block. The T-shaped rod is disposed at the other end of the stop block and extends to the outside of the mounting box. One end of the fixing rod is disposed on a rotating plate, and the other end of the fixing rod abuts against the T-shaped rod. The rotation of the rotating plate drives the fixing rod to move, pushing the T-shaped rod and the stop block to move, so that the cooling medium passes through the air holes and is sprayed out from the nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting pipe is provided between the gas cylinder and the installation box, and an outlet pipe is provided between the plurality of nozzles and the installation box. The cooling medium enters the nozzle through the connecting pipe, the installation box and the outlet pipe and is then sprayed out.

[0014] This invention provides a high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for the charging trolley uses a differential pressure mechanism. Pistons are installed inside the first and second chambers. The movement of the pistons detects the pressure difference between the first and second chambers, thereby determining the degree of filter clogging. The pistons also act as a driving source, driving other components to clean and cool the filter, causing the ammonium nitrate explosive to fall off and be collected in the tank.

[0015] II. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for this charging trolley, through a set cleaning mechanism, drives the amplification component and the adjustment component via a piston, thereby driving the striking component to strike the filter screen, causing the ammonium nitrate explosive on the filter screen to fall off and be collected in the tank. Moreover, the greater the degree of filter screen blockage, the greater the pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber, the greater the piston movement distance, the greater the stroke of the amplification component and the adjustment component, and the higher the frequency of the striking component striking the filter screen, the better the cleaning effect on the filter screen, realizing adaptive cleaning of different degrees of filter screen blockage.

[0016] Third, the high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for this loading trolley, through the setting of a moving component, drives the filter screen to move when the piston pushes the amplification component to move, adjusting the relative position between the filter screen and the striking component, so that the striking component strikes different positions of the filter screen, expanding the striking range of the striking component. The more clogged the filter screen, the greater the rotation angle of the amplification component, the greater the movement distance of the filter screen, and the larger the range of the striking component striking the filter screen, the better the cleaning effect of the filter screen, realizing adaptive cleaning of the filter screen with different degrees of clogging.

[0017] IV. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device used in this charging trolley, through the set cooling mechanism, when the piston pushes the amplification component to move, the amplification component drives the fixed rod to move, pushing the T-shaped rod and the stop block to move, so that the stop block moves away from the air hole. The cooling medium enters the air outlet pipe from the gas cylinder through the connecting pipe and the air hole, and is sprayed out through the nozzle to cool and blow air onto the filter screen. The cooling process cools down the ammonium nitrate explosive on the filter screen, making it easier to hammer off after solidification. The blowing assists in cleaning the ammonium nitrate explosive adhering to the filter screen, further improving the cleaning effect of the filter screen. Moreover, the greater the pressure difference, the greater the piston movement distance, the greater the movement distance of the amplification component pushing the stop block, the larger the diameter of the air hole, and the more cooling medium flows out, the better the cooling and blowing effect on the filter screen. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a drug loading trolley according to the present invention. Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A sectional side view of the structure; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the striking component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the moving component of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switching assembly of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas cylinder and cooling medium of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 11. First cavity; 12. Second cavity; 2. Baffle plate; 21. Through hole; 3. Differential pressure mechanism; 31. Shell; 32. Piston; 33. Moving rod; 34. Mounting hole; 4. Cleaning mechanism; 41. Amplifying component; 411. First rotating rod; 412. Rotating plate; 413. Return spring; 42. Adjusting component; 421. First hinge rod; 422. Moving plate; 423. Fixing frame; 424. Gear; 425. Second rotating rod; 426. Limiting block; 427. Limiting groove; 43. Striking component; 431. Chamber body; 432. Third rotating rod; 433. Torsion spring; 434. Connecting plate; 435. 436. Connecting rod; 437. Hammer head; 44. Square hole; 45. Moving component; 46. Second hinge rod; 47. Groove; 48. Annular plate; 49. Connecting spring; 40. Telescopic rod; 41. Push rod; 42. Box body; 53. Cooling mechanism; 54. Gas cylinder; 55. Cooling medium; 56. Connecting pipe; 57. Switch assembly; 58. Mounting box; 59. Stop block; 50. Limiting spring; 51. T-shaped rod; 52. Fixing rod; 53. Air hole; 54. Air outlet pipe; 55. Annular pipe; 55. Straight pipe; 56. Nozzle; 6. Air inlet; 7. Air outlet; 8. Negative pressure fan; 9. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley, comprising a tank 1, a partition 2, a negative pressure fan 8, and a filter screen 9. The partition 2 and the negative pressure fan 8 are both disposed inside the tank 1. The partition 2 is L-shaped and divides the tank 1 into a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12. The bottom of the first chamber 11 is used to collect and process ammonium nitrate explosive powder. The partition 2 has a through hole 21, and the filter screen 9 is disposed at the through hole 21. The negative pressure fan 8 is used to allow the gas in the first chamber 11 to pass through the filter screen 9 and enter the second chamber 12. The negative pressure fan 8 draws in the air and explosive powder inside the first chamber 11. The air passes through the filter screen 9 and enters the second chamber 12, and is then discharged by the negative pressure fan 8. Some of the explosive powder remains on the filter screen 9 during the suction process, while some of the explosive powder falls to the bottom of the first chamber 11 for collection under the action of gravity.

[0022] It should be noted that the tank 1 is installed on the charging trolley and is used to collect residual explosives on the charging trolley. One end of the tank 1 is provided with an air inlet 6 and the other end with an air outlet 7. The negative pressure fan 8 is located inside the air outlet 7. An exhaust pipe is provided outside the air inlet 6. The negative pressure fan 8 draws the residual powder in the borehole of the charging trolley into the first chamber 11 through the air inlet 6 via the exhaust pipe. The powder will remain inside the first chamber 11. The drawn-in air enters the second chamber 12 and is discharged from the air outlet 7.

[0023] The present invention also includes a differential pressure mechanism 3, a cleaning mechanism 4 and a cooling mechanism 5. The differential pressure mechanism 3 is disposed inside the tank 1. The differential pressure mechanism 3 generates displacement under the action of the pressure difference between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12. The greater the pressure difference, the greater the displacement. The cleaning mechanism 4 is disposed inside the tank 1 and is used to knock the filter screen 9 to make the ammonium nitrate oil explosive fall off.

[0024] The cleaning mechanism 4 includes an amplification component 41, an adjustment component 42, at least one tapping component 43, and a moving component 44. In this embodiment, there are two tapping components 43. When the differential pressure mechanism 3 is displaced by the pressure difference between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12, it pushes the amplification component 41 to move. The amplification component 41 drives the tapping component 43 to work through the adjustment component 42. The greater the pressure difference between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12, the greater the travel of the differential pressure mechanism 3, the more times the tapping component 43 taps, and the better the cleaning effect. When the amplification component 41 moves, it drives the filter screen 9 to move through the moving component 44, so that the tapping component 43 taps different positions of the filter screen 9. The greater the pressure difference between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12, the greater the travel of the differential pressure mechanism 3, the greater the travel distance of the filter screen 9, the larger the cleaning range, and the better the cleaning effect.

[0025] The cooling mechanism 5 is located in the second cavity 12 and includes a gas cylinder 51, a switch assembly 54 and multiple nozzles 56. The gas cylinder 51 contains a cooling medium 52. When the amplification assembly 41 is pushed by the differential pressure mechanism 3, it pushes the switch assembly 54. The cooling medium 52 passes through the switch assembly 54 and is sprayed out from the nozzles 56, spraying air onto the inner wall of the filter screen 9. By spraying out the cooling medium 52, the adhesion of the ammonium nitrate explosive is reduced and the filter screen 9 is cleaned.

[0026] Specifically, when the differential pressure mechanism 3 detects a change in the pressure difference between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12, indicating that the filter screen 9 is gradually becoming clogged with powder, the differential pressure mechanism 3 moves towards the second chamber 12 under the influence of the pressure difference between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12. This movement drives the amplification component 41 to rotate. The rotation of the amplification component 41 causes the adjustment component 42 to move, which in turn drives the tapping component 43 to tap the filter screen 9. As the degree of clogging of the filter screen 9 increases, the travel distance of the differential pressure mechanism 3 gradually increases, the rotation angle of the amplification component 41 becomes larger, the travel distance of the adjustment component 42 increases, and the tapping frequency of the tapping component 43 on the filter screen 9 increases, causing more powder on the filter screen 9 to fall to the bottom of the first chamber 11 and be collected.

[0027] When the amplifying component 41 rotates, it synchronously drives the moving component 44 to move. The moving component 44 then moves the filter screen 9 towards the first chamber 11. The greater the degree of clogging of the filter screen 9, the greater the moving distance of the differential pressure mechanism 3, the larger the rotation angle of the amplifying component 41, the greater the moving distance of the filter screen 9 driven by the moving component 44, and the larger the range of the striking component 43 striking the filter screen 9, thereby further improving the cleaning effect on the filter screen 9. When the amplifying component 41 rotates, it drives the switching component 54 to open, allowing the cooling medium 52 inside the gas cylinder 51 to flow to the nozzle 56 under its own pressure and be sprayed out from the nozzle 56 to cool and clean the filter screen 9. The cooling medium 52 cools the filter screen 9, causing the powder to solidify, making it easier for the striking component 43 to remove the powder. The gas sprayed onto the filter screen 9 through the nozzle 56 causes some of the adhered powder to fall into the first chamber 11. Combined with the striking component 43, this further improves the cleaning effect on the powder, allowing more powder to fall into the first chamber 11 and be collected, reducing the degree of clogging of the filter screen 9.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the differential pressure mechanism 3 includes a housing 31, a piston 32, and a moving rod 33. A mounting hole 34 is provided on the partition 2, and the housing 31 is disposed inside the mounting hole 34. Connection holes are provided on both sides of the housing 31, communicating with the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 respectively. The piston 32 is slidably disposed inside the housing 31, and the moving rod 33 is disposed at the end of the piston 32 near the second cavity 12, used to drive the amplification component 41 to rotate. As the filter 9 gradually becomes clogged, the pressure difference between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 gradually increases. Under the action of the pressure difference, the piston 32 gradually moves towards the second cavity 12, and the piston 32 drives the moving rod 33 to move synchronously, causing the moving rod 33 to push the amplification component 41 to rotate.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 8As shown, the amplification assembly 41 includes a first rotating rod 411, a rotating plate 412, and a return spring 413. The first rotating rod 411 is rotatably disposed inside the second cavity 12, and the rotating plate 412 is disposed on the first rotating rod 411. One side of the rotating plate 412 abuts against the moving rod 33, facilitating the rotation of the rotating plate 412 under the pushing action of the moving rod 33. The two ends of the return spring 413 are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the tank 1 and the other side of the rotating plate 412, and are used to reset the piston 32 when the pressure difference between the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 is restored. As the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 gradually recover, the return spring 413 elastically pushes the rotating plate 412 to rotate, and the rotating plate 412 synchronously pushes the moving rod 33 and the piston 32 to move towards the first cavity 11.

[0030] The cleaning mechanism 4 also includes a housing 45 disposed inside the through hole 21; the adjusting assembly 42 includes a first hinge rod 421, a moving plate 422, a fixed frame 423, a gear 424, and a second rotating rod 425. The two ends of the first hinge rod 421 are hinged to the moving plate 422 and the rotating plate 422 respectively. When the rotating plate 412 rotates, it drives the moving plate 422 to move via the first hinge rod 421. The end of the moving plate 422 away from the first hinge rod 421 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 423. The fixed frame 423 is a cuboid with an internal central hole. The gear... 424 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 45, and the second rotating rod 425 is rotatably mounted on the gear 424 and located inside the fixed frame 423. When the rotating plate 412 rotates, it pushes the moving plate 422 and the fixed frame 423 to move through the first hinge rod 421. When the fixed frame 423 moves, it drives the second rotating rod 425 and the gear 424 to rotate. The larger the rotation angle of the rotating plate 412, the greater the moving distance of the moving plate 422 and the fixed frame 423, and the greater the rotation angle of the second rotating rod 425 and the gear 424 pushed by the fixed frame 423.

[0031] A limiting block 426 is provided on one side of the movable plate 422, and a limiting groove 427 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 45. Both the limiting block 426 and the limiting groove 427 are T-shaped. The limiting block 426 is slidably disposed inside the limiting groove 427 to enable the movable plate 422 to move linearly. The movable plate 422 will synchronously drive the fixed frame 423 to move linearly, so as to prevent the gear 424 from failing to rotate due to deviation in the movement of the movable plate 422 and the fixed frame 423.

[0032] The striking assembly 43 includes a housing 431, a third rotating rod 432, a torsion spring 433, a connecting plate 434, a connecting rod 435, and a hammer head 436. The housing 431 is disposed on the inner wall of the box 45. The third rotating rod 432 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 431 and extends to the outside of the housing 431. The torsion spring 433 is sleeved on the third rotating rod 432. One end of the torsion spring 433 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 431, and the other end of the torsion spring 433 is fixed to the third rotating rod 432. Specifically, the third rotating rod 432 has an insertion hole. The other end of the torsion spring 433 is inserted into the insertion hole and fixed to the third rotating rod 432. When the third rotating rod 432 rotates, the torsion spring 433 twists. When the third rotating rod 432 stops rotating, the torsion spring 433 returns the third rotating rod 432 to its original position through elasticity. Both the connecting plate 434 and the connecting rod 435 are mounted on the third rotating rod 432 and located outside the chamber 431. The connecting plate 434 is L-shaped and close to the gear 424. The angle between the connecting plate 434 and the connecting rod 435 is greater than 90°, making the connecting rod 435 closer to the filter screen 9. The hammer head 436 is located at the end of the connecting rod 435 away from the third rotating rod 432. The hammer head 436 is made of polyurethane material, which has antistatic properties and will not adhere to oily substances after striking the filter screen 9. The chamber 45 has a square hole 437 for the hammer head 436 to strike the filter screen 9, so that the hammer head 436 extends outside the chamber 45 to strike the filter screen 9. When gear 424 rotates and comes into contact with connecting plate 434, it drives third rotating rod 432, connecting rod 435, and hammer 436 to rotate in the direction of gear 424, causing torsion spring 433 to twist. When the teeth of gear 424 move away from connecting plate 434, torsion spring 433 returns to its elastic state, driving third rotating rod 432, connecting rod 435, and hammer 436 to rotate in the direction of filter screen 9, and hammer 436 strikes filter screen 9. Additionally, when the pressure difference between first chamber 11 and second chamber 12 gradually recovers, gear 424 rotates in the opposite direction under the action of adjusting component 42. Gear 424 pushes connecting plate 434 to move in the opposite direction. Connecting plate 434, through third rotating rod 432, drives connecting rod 435 and hammer 436 to move in the direction of filter screen 9 and strike filter screen 9. When gear 424 moves away from connecting plate 434, third rotating rod 432 returns to its original position under the action of torsion spring 433, causing hammer 436 to move away from filter screen 9.

[0033] The moving assembly 44 includes a second hinge rod 441, an annular plate 443, a connecting spring 444, a telescopic rod 445, and a push rod 446. A groove 442 communicating with the through hole 21 is provided on the partition plate 2. The annular plate 443 is slidably disposed inside the groove 442. The filter screen 9 is disposed on the annular plate 443. Both the end of the filter screen 9 and the annular plate 443 slide within the groove 442. A sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the groove 442, and a sealing ring is provided inside the sealing groove to seal the filter screen 9, preventing oily dust from entering the second cavity 12. Simultaneously, when the filter screen 9 moves, it can also push out dust adhering to the groove 442, causing it to fall to the bottom of the first cavity 11. The two ends of the second hinge rod 441 are hinged to one end of the rotating plate 412 and one end of the push rod 446, respectively. The other end of the push rod 446 abuts against the annular plate 443. A circular hole is provided on the partition plate 2 for the push rod 446 to move. The push rod 446 passes through the circular hole and abuts against the annular plate 443 to push the annular plate 443 and the filter screen 9 to move. By rotating the rotating plate 412, the second hinge rod 441 and the push rod 446 are driven to move, and the annular plate 443 and the filter screen 9 are pushed to move in the groove 442. Multiple telescopic rods 445 are provided between the inner wall of the groove 442 and the annular plate 443 to make the annular plate 443 and the filter screen 9 move in a straight line, so as to avoid the filter screen 9 bending due to gravity during the movement, which would increase the gap between it and the groove 442 and allow powder to enter the second cavity 12. A connecting spring 444 is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic rod 445 to reset the annular plate 443 and the filter screen 9 after the push rod 446 moves away from the annular plate 443, to prevent the filter screen 9 from stopping in the original position after the push rod 446 moves away from the filter screen 9, and the push rod 446 will be unable to push the filter screen 9 to move next time.

[0034] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the cooling medium 52 is liquid carbon dioxide. When the cooling medium 52 is sprayed from the nozzle 56, the pressure drops sharply, and it instantly vaporizes, expands, and absorbs heat, thus cooling the filter screen 9. This reduces the adhesion of the ammonium nitrate explosive powder while simultaneously blowing air onto the filter screen 9 to remove some of the powder. By lowering the temperature of the ammonium nitrate explosive powder, the powder solidifies, and blowing air onto it further removes some of the powder. In addition, the cooling medium 52, air blowing, and the tapping component 43 all contribute to better powder removal from the filter screen 9, improving the cleaning effect and allowing the powder to be better collected at the bottom of the first chamber 11. Furthermore, a valve is provided at the bottom of the tank 1 to discharge the powder after a certain amount has been collected.

[0035] The switch assembly 54 includes a mounting box 541, a stop block 542, a limit spring 543, a T-shaped rod 544, and a fixing rod 545. The mounting box 541 is mounted on the partition plate 2. Both ends of the mounting box 541 have air holes 546 for the cooling medium 52 to enter and exit. The stop block 542 is slidably mounted inside the mounting box 541 to open and close the air holes 546. The two ends of the limit spring 543 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting box 541 and one end of the stop block 542, respectively, to reset the stop block 542. The T-shaped rod 544 is located at the other end of the stop block 542 and extends to the outside of the mounting box 541. One end of the fixing rod 545 is mounted on the rotating plate 412, and the other end of the fixing rod 545 abuts against the T-shaped rod 544. The rotation of the rotating plate 412 drives the fixing rod 545 to move, pushing the T-shaped rod 544 and the stop block 542 to move, so that the cooling medium 52 passes through the air holes 546 and is sprayed out from the nozzle 56. Specifically, when the rotating plate 412 rotates, it drives the fixed rod 545 to move. When the fixed rod 545 moves, it pushes the T-shaped rod 544 and the stop block 542 to move together and squeeze the limit spring 543. When the stop block 542 slides in the mounting box 541, it reduces the blocking area of ​​the air hole 546, allowing the cooling medium 52 to flow through the air hole 546 to the nozzle 56 under its own air pressure. When the fixed rod 545 moves away from the T-shaped rod 544, the stop block 542 will reset under the action of the limit spring 543, so that the stop block 542 gradually blocks the air hole 546. The greater the rotation angle of the rotating plate 412, the greater the moving distance of the fixed rod 545, the greater the moving distance of the T-shaped rod 544, the greater the moving distance of the stop block 542, the smaller the blocking area of ​​the air hole 546, the larger the aperture of the air hole 546, the more cooling medium 52 can pass through the mounting box 541, the better the cooling and blowing effect on the filter screen 9 after being sprayed from the nozzle 56, the better the powder cooling effect, and the better the powder blowing effect.

[0036] A connecting pipe 53 is provided between the gas cylinder 51 and the mounting box 541, and an outlet pipe 55 is provided between the multiple nozzles 56 and the mounting box 541. The cooling medium 52 enters the nozzles 56 through the connecting pipe 53, the mounting box 541, and the outlet pipe 55, and is then sprayed out. Specifically, the cooling medium 52 enters the mounting box 541 through the gas cylinder 51 and the connecting pipe 53 via the air hole 546, and then enters the nozzles 56 through the outlet pipe 55 from another air hole 546 in the mounting box 541, thus cooling and blowing air onto the filter screen 9.

[0037] The exhaust pipe 55 includes an annular pipe 551 and four straight pipes 552. One end of the annular pipe 551 is connected to the mounting box 541, and the four straight pipes 552 are connected to the annular pipe 551. The four straight pipes 552 are evenly distributed and located inside the filter screen 9. The cooling medium 52 enters the annular pipe 551 through the mounting box 541 and then enters the straight pipe 552 through the annular pipe 551, and is sprayed out from the nozzle 56 on the straight pipe 552.

[0038] In existing technologies, dust on the filter screen 9 is cleaned by tapping or pulsed air blowing, but the cleaning effect is poor. In this solution, the differential pressure mechanism 3 automatically detects the pressure difference change between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 according to the degree of clogging of the filter screen 9. When the pressure difference increases, the differential pressure mechanism 3 drives the amplification component 41 to operate, and the amplification component 41 drives the adjustment component 42, the tapping component 43, the moving component 44, and the cooling mechanism 5 to work together to tap, cool, and blow air to clean the filter screen 9. Through the cooperation of multiple cleaning methods, the removed dust falls into the first chamber 11 for easy collection and treatment. This solution improves the cleaning effect of the filter screen 9 and prevents severe clogging of the filter screen 9 from affecting the collection of ammonium nitrate explosive powder.

[0039] Working principle: When the negative pressure fan 8 is started, it draws the powder from the gun hole of the charging trolley into the first chamber 11 through the exhaust pipe and air inlet 6. Some of the powder will fall to the bottom of the first chamber 11 under the filtering effect of the filter screen 9, and some of the powder will adhere to the filter screen 9. Excess air passes through the filter screen 9 and is discharged from the air outlet 7 by the negative pressure fan 8.

[0040] As the filter screen 9 becomes increasingly clogged with powder, the pressure difference between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 gradually increases. At this time, the piston 32 will move towards the second chamber 12 under the action of the pressure difference. The piston 32 will simultaneously drive the moving rod 33 to move, and the moving rod 33 will push the rotating plate 412 to rotate around the first rotating rod 411. When the rotating plate 412 rotates, it will simultaneously drive the first hinge rod 421, the second hinge rod 441 and the fixed rod 545 to move together. The rotating plate 412 pushes the moving plate 422 and the fixed frame 423 to move linearly in sync via the first hinge rod 421. The linear movement of the fixed frame 423 causes the second rotating rod 425 to slide inside the fixed frame 423, simultaneously driving the gear 424 to rotate. When the gear 424 rotates, it pushes the connecting plate 434, which in turn drives the third rotating rod 432, the connecting rod 435, and the hammer 436 to rotate together, causing the torsion spring 433 to twist. When the teeth on the gear 424 move away from the connecting plate 434, the torsion spring 433, through its elastic force, causes the third rotating rod 432, the connecting rod 435, and the hammer 436 to twist. The rotating rod 432, connecting rod 435, and hammer 436 are reset. The hammer 436 strikes the filter screen 9. The greater the movement distance of the piston 32, the greater the rotation angle of the rotating plate 412, the greater the movement distance of the moving plate 422 and the fixed frame 423, the greater the rotation angle of the second rotating rod 425, the greater the rotation angle of the gear 424, the more times the connecting plate 434, the third rotating rod 432, and the hammer 436 are rotated, and the more times the torsion spring 433 causes the hammer 436 to strike the filter screen 9, resulting in a better cleaning effect on the filter screen 9.

[0041] When the rotating plate 412 moves the push rod 446 via the second hinge rod 441, the push rod 446 pushes the annular plate 443 and the filter screen 9 to move together. The annular plate 443 and part of the filter screen 9 will slide inside the groove 442 to prevent powder from entering the second cavity 12. The annular plate 443 will move linearly under the action of the telescopic rod 445. When the filter screen 9 moves, the hammer head 436 will strike different positions of the filter screen 9. When the push rod 446 moves away from the annular plate 443, the filter screen 9 and the annular plate 443 will return to their original positions under the action of the connecting spring 444. Moreover, the greater the moving distance of the piston 32, the greater the rotation angle of the rotating plate 412, the greater the distance that the second hinge rod 441 pushes the push rod 446 to move, the farther the filter screen 9 is moved, the larger the striking range of the hammer head 436 on the filter screen 9, and the better the cleaning effect on the filter screen 9.

[0042] When the rotating plate 412 rotates, it drives the fixed rod 545 to move. The movement of the fixed rod 545 pushes the T-shaped rod 544 and the stop block 542 to move together and squeeze the limiting spring 543. When the stop block 542 slides in the mounting box 541, it reduces the blocking area of ​​the air hole 546, allowing the cooling medium 52 to flow from the connecting pipe 53 through the air hole 546 and through the air outlet pipe 55 to the nozzle 56 under its own air pressure. Finally, it is sprayed out through the nozzle 56 to cool the dust on the filter screen 9, reducing the dust's adhesion to the filter screen 9. At the same time, by spraying air onto the filter screen 9, some of the dust adhering to the filter screen 9 is removed. When the fixed rod 545 moves away from the T-shaped rod 544, the stop block 542 will reset under the action of the limiting spring 543, so that the stop block 542 gradually blocks the air hole 546. The greater the rotation angle of the rotating plate 412, the greater the moving distance of the fixed rod 545, the greater the moving distance of the T-shaped rod 544, and the greater the moving distance of the stop block 542, the smaller the blocking area of ​​the air hole 546, the larger the aperture of the air hole 546, the more cooling medium 52 can pass through the mounting box 541, the better the cooling and blowing effect on the filter screen 9 after being sprayed from the nozzle 56, the better the powder cooling effect, and the better the powder blowing effect.

[0043] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a drug loading trolley, comprising a tank (1), a partition (2), a negative pressure fan (8), and a filter screen (9), wherein the partition (2) and the negative pressure fan (8) are both disposed inside the tank (1), and the tank (1) is divided into a first cavity (11) and a second cavity (12) by the partition (2), wherein the partition (2) has a through hole (21), and the filter screen (9) is disposed at the through hole (21), and the negative pressure fan (8) is used to allow the gas in the first cavity (11) to pass through the filter screen (9) and enter the second cavity (12), characterized in that, Also includes: The differential pressure mechanism (3) is installed inside the tank (1). The differential pressure mechanism (3) generates displacement under the action of the pressure difference between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12). The greater the pressure difference, the greater the displacement. A cleaning mechanism (4) is located inside the tank (1) and is used to tap the filter screen (9). The cleaning mechanism (4) includes an amplification component (41), an adjustment component (42), at least one tapping component (43), and a moving component (44). When the differential pressure mechanism (3) is displaced by the differential pressure between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12), it pushes the amplification component (41) to move. The amplification component (41) drives the tapping component (43) to work through the adjustment component (42). The greater the differential pressure between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12), the greater the moving stroke of the differential pressure mechanism (3), the more times the tapping component (43) taps, and the better the cleaning effect. When the amplifying component (41) moves, the moving component (44) drives the filter screen (9) to move, thereby causing the striking component (43) to strike different positions of the filter screen (9). The greater the pressure difference between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12), the greater the travel distance of the pressure difference mechanism (3), the greater the movement distance of the filter screen (9), the larger the cleaning range, and the better the cleaning effect; and The cooling mechanism (5) is located in the second cavity (12) and includes a gas cylinder (51), a switch assembly (54) and multiple nozzles (56). The gas cylinder (51) contains a cooling medium (52). When the amplification assembly (41) is pushed by the differential pressure mechanism (3), it pushes the switch assembly (54). The cooling medium (52) passes through the switch assembly (54) and is sprayed out from the nozzles (56) to spray air onto the inner wall of the filter screen (9). By spraying out the cooling medium (52), the adhesion ability of ammonium nitrate explosive is reduced and the filter screen (9) is cleaned.

2. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential pressure mechanism (3) includes a housing (31), a piston (32) and a moving rod (33). The partition plate (2) has an installation hole (34). The housing (31) is located inside the installation hole (34). Connection holes are provided on both sides of the housing (31). The piston (32) is slidably located inside the housing (31). The moving rod (33) is located at one end of the piston (32) near the second cavity (12). When the filter screen (9) gradually becomes clogged, the differential pressure between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) gradually increases. The piston (32) will gradually move towards the second cavity (12) under the action of the differential pressure.

3. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amplification component (41) includes a first rotating rod (411), a rotating plate (412), and a reset spring (413). The first rotating rod (411) is rotatably disposed inside the second cavity (12). The rotating plate (412) is disposed on the first rotating rod (411). One side of the rotating plate (412) abuts against the moving rod (33). The two ends of the reset spring (413) are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the tank (1) and the other side of the rotating plate (412) to reset the piston (32) when the pressure difference between the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) is restored.

4. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (4) also includes a housing (45) disposed inside the through hole (21); The adjustment assembly (42) includes a first hinge rod (421), a movable plate (422), a fixed frame (423), a gear (424), and a second rotating rod (425). The two ends of the first hinge rod (421) are respectively hinged to the movable plate (422) and the rotating plate (412). The end of the movable plate (422) away from the first hinge rod (421) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (423). The gear (424) is rotatably disposed inside the housing (45). The second rotating rod (425) is rotatably disposed on the gear (424) and located inside the fixed frame (423). When the rotating plate (412) rotates, it pushes the movable plate (422) and the fixed frame (423) to move through the first hinge rod (421). When the fixed frame (423) moves, it drives the second rotating rod (425) and the gear (424) to rotate. A limiting block (426) is provided on one side of the movable plate (422), and a limiting groove (427) is provided on the inner wall of the box (45). The limiting block (426) is slidably disposed inside the limiting groove (427) to make the movable plate (422) move in a straight line.

5. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The striking assembly (43) includes a housing (431), a third rotating rod (432), a torsion spring (433), a connecting plate (434), a connecting rod (435), and a hammer (436). The housing (431) is disposed on the inner wall of the box (45). The third rotating rod (432) is rotatably disposed inside the housing (431) and extends to the outside of the housing (431). The torsion spring (433) is sleeved on the third rotating rod (432). The end of the spring (433) abuts against the inner wall of the chamber (431), and the other end of the spring (433) is fixed to the third rotating rod (432). The connecting plate (434) and the connecting rod (435) are both set on the third rotating rod (432) and located outside the chamber (431). The hammer (436) is set at the end of the connecting rod (435) away from the third rotating rod (432). The box (45) has a square hole (437) for the hammer (436) to strike the filter screen (9).

6. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving component (44) includes a second hinge rod (441), an annular plate (443), a connecting spring (444), a telescopic rod (445), and a push rod (446). The partition plate (2) has a groove (442) communicating with the through hole (21). The annular plate (443) is slidably disposed inside the groove (442). The filter screen (9) is disposed on the annular plate (443). The two ends of the second hinge rod (441) are respectively connected to the rotating plate (412) and the push rod. One end of the push rod (446) is hinged, and the other end of the push rod (446) abuts against the annular plate (443). Multiple telescopic rods (445) are provided between the inner wall of the groove (442) and the annular plate (443) for making the annular plate (443) and the filter screen (9) move in a straight line. A connecting spring (444) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod (445) for making the annular plate (443) and the filter screen (9) reset after the push rod (446) moves away from the annular plate (443).

7. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling medium (52) is liquid carbon dioxide. When the cooling medium (52) is sprayed out from the nozzle (56), the pressure drops sharply, and it instantly vaporizes, expands, and absorbs heat, thereby cooling the filter screen (9). This reduces the adhesion of the ammonium nitrate explosive powder while blowing air onto the filter screen (9) to remove some of the ammonium nitrate explosive powder from the filter screen (9).

8. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that: The switch assembly (54) includes a mounting box (541), a stop (542), a limiting spring (543), a T-shaped rod (544), and a fixing rod (545). The mounting box (541) is mounted on the partition (2). Both ends of the mounting box (541) have air holes (546) for the cooling medium (52) to enter and exit. The stop (542) is slidably disposed inside the mounting box (541) to open and close the air holes (546). The two ends of the limiting spring (543) are respectively attached to the inner wall of the mounting box (541) and the stop (542). One end is fixedly connected to the stop (542) for resetting. The T-shaped rod (544) is set at the other end of the stop (542) and extends to the outside of the mounting box (541). One end of the fixing rod (545) is set on the rotating plate (412), and the other end of the fixing rod (545) abuts against the T-shaped rod (544). The rotating plate (412) rotates to drive the fixing rod (545) to move, pushing the T-shaped rod (544) and the stop (542) to move, so that the cooling medium (52) passes through the air hole (546) and is sprayed out from the nozzle (56).

9. The high-efficiency dust collection and treatment device for a charging trolley according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (53) is provided between the gas cylinder (51) and the installation box (541), and an outlet pipe (55) is provided between the multiple nozzles (56) and the installation box (541). The cooling medium (52) enters the nozzle (56) through the connecting pipe (53), the installation box (541) and the outlet pipe (55) and is then sprayed out.

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